本科毕业论文-基于遗传算法的测试用例生成方法【精品毕业设计】(完整版)

摘要

软件测试是保证软件质量和可靠性重要手段，在这方面发挥着其它方法不可替代的作用。然而，软件测试是一个复杂的过程，需要耗费巨大的人力、物力和时间，约占整个软件开发成本的40%～50%。因此，提高软件测试工具的自动化程度对于确保软件开发质量、降低软件开发成本非常重要。而提高测试用例生成的自动化程度又是提高测试工具乃至整个测试过程自动化程度的关键所在，本文主要针对这一问题进行了研究和设计。

本文在分析软件测试和遗传算法基本概念的基础上，提出软件测试用例的设计是软件测试的难点之一。论文提出了基于遗传算法的测试用例生成的内含是应用遗传算法来求解一组优化的测试用例，其框架包括了测试环境构造、遗传算法及测试运行环境三部分，论文给出了基于遗传算法的测试用例生成的模型。最后以三角形分类程序为例应用遗传算法进行测试用例生成的模拟，结果显示，应用遗传算法进行测试用例生成可行。

关键词：软件测试测试用例遗传算法

ABSTRACT

Software test is the important means that guarantee software quality and reliability，and in this respect，it plays the role that other method cannot replace. However software test is a complex process , it needs to consume huge manpower，material resources and time，which takes the 40%~50% of entire software development cost approximately . Therefore，raising the automation level of software test tool is very important for ensure software development quality and reduction software development cost . And then，the most important is raising the automation level of the test case generation for raising the automation level of test tool and even entire test process，so this paper study and design mainly according to this problem.

Based on the analysis of basic concepts of software testing and genetic algorithm, this article proposes that software test case design is one of the difficulties of software testing. Paper presents the inherent in software test case designing based on genetic algorithm is using genetic algorithm to solve a set of optimization test cases, and the framework includes three parts which are test environment construction, genetic algorithm and the environment for test . Paper presents the model of software test case generation based on genetic algorithm. Finally, we take the triangle categorizer as an example, simulate software test case generation based on genetic algorithm. The results display that software test case generation basing on genetic algorithm is possible.

KEY WORDS: software test , test case , genetic algorithm

目录

摘要 (1)

ABSTRACT (2)

目录 (3)

第一章绪论 (5)

1.1 问题的提出 (5)

1.2 国内外研究现状 (6)

1.3 论文研究内容 (8)

第二章软件测试及遗传算法基本概念 (9)

2.1 软件测试基本概念 (9)

2.1.1 软件测试的目的 (9)

2.1.2 软件测试的原则 (9)

2.2 软件测试的难点 (10)

2.3 遗传算法 (11)

2.3.1 遗传算法的思想及流程 (11)

2.3.2 遗传算法的特点 (13)

2.4本章小结 (14)

第三章基于遗传算法的测试用例生成 (15)

3.1基于遗传算法的测试用例生成基本内涵 (15)

3.1.1 软件测试用例的基本内涵 (15)

3.1.2 基于遗传算法的测试用例生成的基本内涵 (16)

3.2 基于遗传算法的测试用例生成框架 (16)

3.3 基于遗传算法的测试用例生成算法实现 (18)

3.3.1 编码策略 (18)

3.3.2 适应度函数及程序插桩 (19)

3.3.3 遗传策略 (20)

3.3.4 参数控制 (21)

3.4 本章小结 (22)