if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气

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if虚拟语气的用法归纳

if虚拟语气的用法归纳

if虚拟语气的用法归纳IF虚拟语气是英语中的一种重要语法现象,主要用于表示与现实相反的假设、愿望、建议等。

它分为两种形式:if条件句和if非条件句。

以下是对IF虚拟语气用法的详细介绍:一、if条件句1. 表示与现在事实相反的假设:If + 主语+ 过去时态,主语+ would/could/might/should + 动词原形。

例如:If I were you, I would go to the party.(如果我处在你的位置,我会去参加派对。

)2. 表示与过去事实相反的假设:If + 主语+ had done,主语+ would/could/might/should + have done。

例如:If he had come to the meeting, he would have known the plan.(如果他参加了会议,他就会知道这个计划。

)二、if非条件句1. 表示建议、劝告:主语+ should/would/might/ought to + 动词原形。

例如:You should go to the party.(你应该去参加派对。

)2. 表示愿望:主语+ could/would/might + 动词原形。

例如:I wish I were a bird.(我希望我是一只鸟。

)3. 表示假设:If + 主语+ 动词过去式,主语+ would/could/might + 动词原形。

例如:If I had time, I would go to the park.(如果我有时间,我会去公园。

)三、if虚拟语气的特殊结构1. 省略if,将were、had、should等词置于主语之前:主语+ were/had/should + 动词原形。

例如:She were here, she would meet him.(如果她在这里,她会见到他。

)2. 使用倒装结构:were/had/should + 主语+ 动词原形。

(完整版)if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气

(完整版)if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气

if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。

该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。

一、if引导的条件状语从句的分类及虚拟条件句的判断1、可以把条件句分为两类:1).真实条件句(Sentences of Real Condition):凡是假设的情况发生性可能很大,就是真实条件句。

例如:⑴、If I have time , I will help you with this work.如果我有时间会帮助你做此工作的。

(2)、If time permits, we'll go fishing together.(如果有时间的话,我们就一起去钓鱼。

)2).虚拟条件句(Sentences of Unreal Condition):当假设是不大可能实现时,就是虚拟条件句。

例如:⑴、If I were you , I would have attended the meeting. 如果我是你的话,就去参加会议了。

⑵、If he had come here yesterday, he would have seen his old friend.假如他昨天来这儿的话,就会看见他的老朋友。

⑴、If it had rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home.(如果昨天下雨的话,我们就会留在家里。

)2、.if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。

只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。

通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。

判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。

通常有三种情况:①与过去事实相反。

②与现在事实相反。

③与将来事实可能相反。

3、“后退一步法”后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。

if 条件句虚拟语气

if 条件句虚拟语气

if 条件句虚拟语气虚拟语气是英语语法中的一种特殊语气,用来表示与事实相反或假设的情况。

在if条件句中,虚拟语气通常用来表达非真实的、假设的情况。

本文将列举10个以if条件句虚拟语气为主题的例子,并对其进行详细解释。

1. If I were rich, I would travel around the world.如果我很富有,我会环游世界。

解释:这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对现实情况的假设,暗示说我并不富有,因此无法实现环游世界的愿望。

2. If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.如果我学得更努力,我就能通过考试了。

解释:这个句子中的虚拟语气表示对过去情况的假设,暗示说我没有努力学习,所以没有通过考试。

3. If I had a time machine, I would go back to the past and change some things.如果我有一台时间机器,我会回到过去改变一些事情。

解释:这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对现实情况的假设,暗示说我没有时间机器,因此无法改变过去的事情。

4. If I were the president, I would make education free for all.如果我是总统,我会让教育对所有人免费。

解释:这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对现实情况的假设,暗示说我并不是总统,所以无法实现让教育免费的目标。

5. If it didn't rain tomorrow, we could go hiking.如果明天不下雨,我们可以去远足。

解释:这个句子中的虚拟语气表达了对未来情况的假设,暗示说明天可能会下雨,所以无法去远足。

6. If I had known you were coming, I would have prepared a meal for you.如果我知道你要来,我会为你准备一顿饭。

if虚拟语气的三种用法

if虚拟语气的三种用法

if虚拟语气的三种用法
1. 假设条件句:
假设条件句是主句前以if引导的从句,是表达对某种情况做出假设一种句式,主句可以根据if条件从句的时态而定。

If从句一般使用一般现在时表示对将来情况的假设,一般过去时表示对现在或将来情况的假设。

2. 愿望及希望句:
愿望及希望句是由if开头,表达愿望,如果愿望能够实现将会有怎样的结果。

它以一个主句和一个从句组成,主句使用一般过去时,从句一般使用‘would + 动词原形’的形式,表示希望和愿望。

3. 祈使句:
祈使句是由if开头,以imperative形式发出某种请求,要求对方按照发出的要求行动。

它以一个主句和一个从句组成,主句使用一般现在时,从句一般使用‘would + 动词原形’的形式,表示祈使的请求。

if引导虚拟语气的用法

if引导虚拟语气的用法

if引导虚拟语气的用法1、表示与现在事实相反的情况:从句:If主语+过去时(Be动词用were)主句:主语+XXXdoeg:1.If I were you,I would take an XXX.如果我是你,我会带把伞。

(事实:我不可能是你)2.If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you.如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。

(事实:不知道)3.If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth.如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。

(事实:地球上既有空气也有水)4.If I had any money with me,I could lend you some.假如我带钱了,我就会借给你些。

(事实:没有带钱)5.If he XXX,he might pass the exam.如果他再努力些,就能通过考试了。

(事实:没有努力)6.she looked at me as if I had been a stranger.她看我的样子好像我是一个陌生人。

(事实:我并非陌生人)2、表示与过去事实相反的情况从句:If主语+had+done主句:主语+should/would/could/might+have doneeg:1.If I had got there earlier,I should/could have met her.如果我早到那儿,我就会见到她。

事实:去晚了)2.If he had XXX my advice,he would not have made such a XXX.如果他听我的劝告的话,就不会犯这样的错误了。

事实:没有听我的话)3、透露表现对未来情形的客观推测主句:主语+should+do从句:①if+主语+were to do②if+主语+should/would/could/might+do③if+主语+did(动词过去式)/wereeg:1.If he should come here tomorrow,I would talk to him.如果他明天来这儿的话,我就跟他谈谈。

if虚拟语气

if虚拟语气

If虚拟语气一、虚拟语气在条件句中的用法If引导出的条件句中使用虚拟语气时,表示所说的话是非真实的,是一种假设。

通常有三种情况,与现在事实相反;与过去的事实相反;与将来的事实相反。

1[/B]、[/B]if从句表示与想在的事实相反的假设时,从句的谓语动词用一般过去时([/B] be一般用[/B]were),主句用[/B]would/should/could/might+[/B]动词原形[/B][/B] If we had enough money, we would buy a computerIf I were you,I would take her advice.If places were a like,there would be little need for geographers.如果各个地方都一样,就不需要地理学家了。

Our life would be better if there were no examination.2[/B]、[/B]if[/B]从句表示与过去事实相反的假设时,从句的谓语动词用过去完成时,主语用[/B]would/should/could/might+have+[/B]过去分词[/B][/B]If I had worked harder at school,I would have got a better job.If he had know your address yesterday,he would have telephoned you.We might have arrived here eariler if we had taken a taxi.If it had not been for you help, I would have failed again.3[/B]、[/B]If[/B]从句表示与将来事实可能相反的假设时,从句的谓语动词用一般过去时,[/B]were to do[/B]或[/B]should+[/B]动词原形,主句用[/B]would/should/could/ might+[/B]动词原形[/B][/B]If it rained tomorrow,we would put off the sports meet.If he were to leave today,he would get there by Friday.If she should fail again,we would not blame her.【注】(1)有时从句假设过去,而主句假设现在,这时从句用过去完成时,而主句用would/sh ould/could/might+动词原形。

if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气

if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气

if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。

该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。

一、if引导的条件状语从句的分类及虚拟条件句的判断1、可以把条件句分为两类:1).真实条件句(Sentences of Real Condition):凡是假设的情况发生性可能很大,就是真实条件句。

例如:⑴、If I have tim e , I will help you with this work.如果我有时间会帮助你做此工作的。

(2)、If time permits, we'll go fishing together.(如果有时间的话,我们就一起去钓鱼。

)2).虚拟条件句(Sentences of Unreal Condition):当假设是不大可能实现时,就是虚拟条件句。

例如:⑴、If I were you , I w ould have attended the meeting. 如果我是你的话,就去参加会议了。

⑵、If he had come here yesterday, he would have seen his old friend.假如他昨天来这儿的话,就会看见他的老朋友。

⑴、If it had rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home.(如果昨天下雨的话,我们就会留在家里。

)2、.if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。

只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。

通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。

判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。

通常有三种情况:①与过去事实相反。

②与现在事实相反。

③与将来事实可能相反。

3、“后退一步法”后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。

虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法

虚拟语气在if条件句中的用法

A. Were
If it were/ should be fine tomorrow , I would go to see him.
如果上天能够给我一个再来一次的机会, 我会对那个女孩子说三个字:我爱你。 如果非要在这份爱上加上一个期限,我希望是--一万年!
If the God ___sh__o_u_l_d_/_w__e_r_e_t_o__g_i_v_e_/_g_a(gveive) me another chance,I__w_o_u__ld__t_e_l_l__ (tell)the girl three words: I love her! If our love __h_a__d_t_o__ (have to) be set a time limit, I wish it w__o_u_l_d__b_e___ (be)10,000 years!
If they had had enough rain last year, they would have gained good harvest.
If he had driven more carefully yesterday, he would not have had the car accident .
错综时间虚拟条件句
• 所谓错综时间虚拟条件句即条件从句与主 句所指时间不一致,如从句指过去,而主 句即指的是现在或将来,此时应根据具体 的语境情况,结合上面提到的三种基本类 型对时态作相应的调整:
错综时间虚拟条件句
If it had rained last night, the ground would be wet now.
省,并倒装成:Were / Should / Had +主+其他 如果If 这the只li小ttl老e m鼠o是us只e w鸟er,e 它a b就ir能d, 在it 天上

if引导虚拟语气条件句PPT课件

if引导虚拟语气条件句PPT课件

06
总结与回顾
回顾if引导虚拟语气条件句的用法
虚拟语气在条件句中的用法
在条件句中,使用虚拟语气表示与实际情况相反的情况,或者表 示假设、猜测等。
虚拟语气的形式
虚拟语气有多种形式,包括与现在事实相反、与过去事实相反、与 将来事实相反等。
虚拟语气的时态
虚拟语气与时态有关,需要根据实际情况选择适当的时态。
况,主句用would+have+过 去分词的形式。
翻译题
01
02
03
中文
如果我知道这个消息,我 早就告诉你了。
英文
If I had known the news, I would have told you long ago.
解释
从句表示与过去事实相反 的情况,主句用 would+have+过去分词 的形式。
题目
If he _______ the money, he _______ able to buy a car.
had had; would be
答案
解释
从句表示与过去事实相反的情况,主句用would+______ rained last night,
the ground would be wet this morning.
表示与事实相反的情况
总结词
与事实相反的情况是指条件句中的假设与现实情况相 反,主句使用虚拟语气表示与实际情况的差异。
详细描述
在英语中,当if引导的条件句表示与事实相反的情况时, 主句通常使用虚拟语气。这种用法常用于表示某种假设 的情况并未实现,而是与现实情况相反。例如,“If I were you, I would not make that mistake again.” (如果我是你,我不会再犯那个错误了。)这句话表示 的是假设自己是对方,但实际上并不是,提醒对方不要 犯同样的错误。

if条件句虚拟语气

if条件句虚拟语气

有关英语if条件句虚拟语气用法
if的虚拟语气用法:
1、现在时:当if引导的虚拟语气表示与现在事实相反时,主句谓语用could、would、shoul d或mi ght加动词原形,条件从句中的谓语用过去式。

2、过去时:当if引导的虚拟语气表示与过去事实相反时,主句谓语用could、would、shoul d或mi ght加have再加动词原形,
3、将来时:当if引导的虚拟语气表示与将来事实相反时,主句谓语用could、would、shoul d或mi ght加动词原形,条件从句中的谓语用过去式。

虚拟语气中,表条件的状语从句的if可以省略,但主语必须与动词易位(也就是倒装):
If it were not for his illness, he could do better.
=Were it not for his illness, he could do better.
如果不是因为他生病,他可以做得更好。

If he had money, he would buy that villa.
= Had he money, he would buy that villa.
对将来情况的虚拟:
主句:主语+would/should/might/could+动词原形从句:should+动词原形/were to+动词原形。

对现在情况的虚拟:
主句:主语+would/should/might/could+动词原形从句:动词过去式
对过去情况的虚拟:
主句:主语+would/should/might/could have+动词过去分词从句:had+动词过去分词。

虚拟语气之if引导的虚拟条件句

虚拟语气之if引导的虚拟条件句
with you yesterday.
had worked If I ____________(work)hard in Senior High, wouldn’t be I______________(not be)a miserable teacher now.
(2)虚拟条件句的省略:if虚拟条件句中若含有
were,had或should,可把if省掉,并把were,had或should
提到句首。
If you had come earlier, you would have met him. Had you come earlier, you would have met him.
If you were to fall ill, I would be worried. Were you to fall ill, I would be worried. If you should need anything, you could call me. Should you need anything , you could call me.
ห้องสมุดไป่ตู้
if条件句中虚拟的特殊情况: 从句说的是过去, 主句说的是现在
如果他昨晚没有熬夜,他现在就不会如此疲 倦。(stay up) • If he had not stayed up last night, he would not be so sleepy now.
(1)错综虚拟句:当虚拟条件句所表示的与主句表示的时间不一 致时,主从句根据各自所发生的时间选用虚拟语气形式。 If you had taken my advice yesterday, you would be much better now.

if条件句中的虚拟语气讲解

if条件句中的虚拟语气讲解

虚拟语气(一)一、考点聚焦1、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中If I were a boy, I would join the army.If she had time, she should go with you.If h e had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition.If i t were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off.If I had time, I would attend the meeting.If he had hurried ,he could have caught the train.If I were to go abroad ,I would go to America如果我是你,我就会努力学习If I were you, I would work harder at my lessons.如果我知道他的电话号码,我就给他打电话了If I had known his telephone number, I would have called him.如果明天下雨的话,我们会取消比赛.If it should \were to rain, we would call off the match.使用虚拟条件句要注意的几点:1.当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称为:错综时间条件句“,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整.If you had followed my advice , you would be better now.如果你听我的建议,你现在就会痊愈了.If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now.如果你努力学习的话,你现在就会是大学生了.If they had worked hard, they would be very tired now.(从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在)2.省略句在条件句中,可省略if,把were ,had, should 提到句首,变为倒装句式.If I were at school again, I would study harder.Were I at school again, I would study harder.If you had come earlier, you would have met him.Had you come earlier, you would have met him.If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing.Were I a boy, I would join the army.Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded.Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain.2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句(1)虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。

if条件状语从句中虚拟语气

if条件状语从句中虚拟语气

if条件状语从句中的虚拟语气一、if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。

只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。

通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。

1. “后退一步法”后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。

即:在非真实条件状语从句中,谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。

也就是:①与过去事实相反,在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。

②与现在事实相反,在从句中用过去一般时形式表示。

③与将来事实可能相反,在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。

主句中则用情态动词would,should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式。

例:⑴、If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him.⑵、If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students.⑶、If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn't go out.2、注意事项:①if条件句中如有were, should, had,可以省去if,并使用倒装语序。

②在现代英语中if条件状与从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were。

二、虚拟语气在if 引导的条件句中的用法:(一)、表示与现在事实相反的情况。

其句子结构为:从句:if + 主语+ 动词的过去式(be 用were) + ,,,主句:主语+ would (should, could , might) + 动词原形+ ,,例:1. If it weren’t for your help, we would get into trouble. 如果没有你们的帮助,我们就会陷入困境。

(而事实上得到了你们的帮助)2.If the weather were fine, I would go there. 如果天气好,我去那儿。

if的用法虚拟语气

if的用法虚拟语气

if的用法虚拟语气一、概述使用虚拟语气的一个重要方面是if条件句。

在英语中,if引导的条件句可以表达对现实情况的假设、猜测以及对未来可能发生情况的虚构和愿望。

本文将介绍if 条件句的三种形式以及它们在不同语境中的用法。

二、Type 1 条件句:对现实情况的假设Type 1 条件句表示真实或可能发生的事实,并使用“现在时”来描述。

这种条件句引导下,主句可以使用一般现在时或将来时。

1. If + 简单现在时,主句一般现在时如果明天下雨,我会带伞。

If it rains tomorrow, I will take an umbrella.2. 如果明天下雨,我就不去野餐。

If it rains tomorrow, I won't go on a picnic.3. 如果你迟到,老板会生气。

If you are late, the boss gets angry.4. 如果他学习努力,他可以通过考试。

If he studies hard, he can pass the exam.三、Type 2 条件句:对现在虚拟情况及假设提出建议或警告Type 2 条件句用于描述目前不太可能或不太可能发生事实,并使用“过去时”来描述。

这种条件句引导下,主句使用虚拟语气来表达对未来情况的假设。

1. 如果我有更多时间,我会旅行。

If I had more time, I would travel.2. 如果她付出更多努力,她会取得好成绩。

If she worked harder, she would get better grades.3. 如果你离开公司,你将失去机会。

If you leave the company, you will miss the opportunity.4. 如果我是你,我会接受那份工作。

If I were you, I would take that job.四、Type 3 条件句:对过去虚拟情况及假设提出后悔或反悔Type 3 条件句用于描述过去不可能发生的事实,并使用“过去完成时”来描述。

if 条件句虚拟语气

if 条件句虚拟语气

If条件状语从句虚拟语气三种时态1、对现在情况的虚拟条件从句中谓语动词用一般过去式,主句用“would/should/might/could+动词原形”形式,表示对现在不可能实现情况的假想。

If I were you,I would choose to work in a small town.如果我是你,我会选择在小城镇工作。

(事实上我不是你)注意:在条件从句中,如果谓语动词是be的形式,不管主语是单数还是复数,书面语中用were,而口语中如果是单数,也可以用was,不过在if I were...中一般用were.2、对过去情况的虚拟条件从句中谓语动词用过去完成式,主语用“would/could/should/might+have+动词的过去分词”形式。

If it had not been for your help yesterday,I could not have caught the bus.如果昨天没有你的帮助,我不会赶上公交车。

(事实是你昨天已经帮助了我,所以我赶上了车)3、对将来情况的虚拟在表示与将来事实相反的条件从句中,谓语动词可用should do,were to do或动词的过去式三种形式表示,但意义略有不同。

should表示的可能性最大,动词过去式的可能性次之,were to do 的可能性最小。

If things were to be twice,all would be wise.假如凡事都可以重新做一次,人人皆可成为聪明人。

(事实是并不是所有的事都可以重新做一次)注意:在书面语中,如果虚拟条件从句中有were,had 或should,可以把if省略,把这几个词放到主语之前,构成主谓倒装。

if的虚拟语气用法总结

if的虚拟语气用法总结

if的虚拟语气用法总结虚拟语气是指根据说话人的主观意愿、假设、推测等来表示假设、愿望、命令等情态的一种语气。

在条件句中,常用虚拟语气来表示与事实相反的情况。

总结if的虚拟语气用法如下:1. 虚拟条件句:- 类型1:表示可能实现的条件- If + 主语+ 动词(简单现在时),主语+ will + 动词原形。

- 例句:If it rains tomorrow, I will stay at home.(如果明天下雨,我会呆在家里。

)- 类型2:表示与事实相反的条件- If + 主语+ 动词的过去式,主语+ would/could + 动词原形。

- 例句:If I had money, I would buy a new car.(如果我有钱,我会买一辆新车。

)- 类型3:表示与过去事实相反的条件- If + 主语+ had + 过去分词,主语+ would/could + have + 过去分词。

- 例句:If I had studied harder, I would have passed the exam.(如果我学得更努力,我就能通过考试。

)2. 虚拟表达愿望:- 类型1:表示对现在或将来的愿望- 希望、愿望等动词+ (that) + 主语+ (should) + 动词原形。

- 例句:I wish (that) I could speak fluent English.(我希望我能说一口流利的英语。

)- 类型2:表示对过去的愿望- 希望、愿望等动词+ (that) + 主语+ (should) + have + 过去分词。

- 例句:I wish (that) I had studied abroad when I was younger.(我希望我年轻时出国留学了。

)3. 虚拟表达建议、命令等:- 动词原形+ (that) + 主语+ (should) + 动词原形。

- 例句:I suggest (that) you should take a break.(我建议你应该休息一下。

if条件虚拟句

if条件虚拟句
IF引导的虚拟语气句的句式
谓语动词的虚拟形式
时间
从句
现在
一般过去时 (be 多用were) 过去完成时 (had + done) 一般过去时/ should +动 词原形/ were to + 动词 原形
主句
would / should / could / might + 动词原形
过去 将来
would / should / could / might + have + 过去分词
without, otherwise, but, but for, but that 引起 的短语或句子常暗含着含蓄条件。这时主句用虚 拟 1) Without you, I would never know him.
2) But for your cooperation, we wouldn’t have done the work so well. 要不是你的合作,我们不可能把工作做得这么出 色。
1)If he ______ drunk, he wouldn't have lost control of the car.
A. wasn't B. weren't
C. hasn't been D. hadn't been 2) I would have gone to the concert, if I _____ time. A. had had B. have had C. had D. would have had 3) ____ to the doctor right away, he might have been alive. A. If he went B. Were he gone C. Should he have gone D. Had he gone
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if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气ﻫ虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的
假设。

该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。

ﻫ一、if引导的条件状语从句的分类及虚拟条件句的判断
1、可以把条件句分为两类:
1).真实条件句(Sentences of Real Condition):凡是假设的情况发生性可能很大,就是真实条件句。

例如:ﻫ⑴、If I have time, I will help youwith thiswork.如果我有时间会帮助你做此工作的。

(2)、Iftimepermits,we'll go fishing together. (如果有时间的话,我们就一起去钓鱼。

)
2).虚拟条件句(Sentences of UnrealCondition):当假设是不大可能实现时,就是虚拟条件句。

例如:
⑴、IfIwereyou ,I would have attended th
e meeting.如果我是你的话,就去参加会议了。

ﻫ⑵、I
f he had come here yesterday, hewould have seen his oldfriend.假如他昨天来这儿的话,就会看见他的老朋友。

ﻫ⑴、If ithadrained yesterday, we would have stayedathome.(如果昨天下雨的话,我们就会留在家里。

)ﻫ2、.if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断ﻫ判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。

只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。

通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要
用虚拟语气。

ﻫ判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。

通常有三种情况:①与过去事实相反。

②与现在事实相反。

③与将来事实可能相反。

3、“后退一步法”ﻫ后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。

即:在非真实条件状语从句中,谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。

也就是:ﻫ①与过去事实相反,在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。

②与现在事实相反,在从句中用过去一般时形式表示。

③与将来事实可能相反,在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。

ﻫ主句中则用情态动词would, should, could等加一个与从句
一致的动词形式。

例:
⑴、If I had come heryesterday,Iwouldhave seen him.
⑵、If Iwere a teacher, I would bestrict
with my students.
⑶、Ifit should snow tomorrow,theycouldn't g o out.
4、注意事项ﻫ①if条件句中如有were,should, had,可以省去if,并使用倒装语序。

ﻫ②在现代英语中if条件状与从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were。

二、虚拟语气在if 引导的条件句中的用法:ﻫ(一)、表示与现在事实相反的情况。

其句子结构为:ﻫ从句:if + 主语+动词的过
去式(be 用were) +……ﻫ主句:主语+ would (should,could,might)+ 动词原形+ ……
例:
1.If I were you, I wouldgo with him.
2.Ifthe weather were fine,I would go there.ﻫ如果天气好,我去那儿。

(事实天气不好)
3.IfI wereyou,I would read it again.
如果我是你的话,我再读一遍。

(事实上我不是你)
4.If timepermitted,Iwould write itagain.
如果时间允许的话,我再写一遍。

(事实上时间不允许)ﻫ5.If it weren’tsnowing,wewouldn’t stay in the house.ﻫ要是现在不下雪的话,我们就不会待在屋里。

(事实上现在下雪)ﻫ6.What would Idoif I were inyour plac e?
要是我处于你地位我会怎么办?(事实上我不在你的位置上)7.Ifhe hurried,he couldcatchthe first bus.ﻫ他要是快点能够赶上头班公共汽车。

(可是他不着急)ﻫ8.If itweren’t foryour help,we would get into trouble. 如果没有你们的帮助,我们就会陷入困境。

(而事实上得到了你们的帮助)
9.If we hadthemanpower, we could openupeve n more land.ﻫ如果有人力,我们还能开更多的荒地.ﻫ10.
IfI were you, I wouldgowith him.
(从句If Iwere you,主句Iwould go withhim.)
11.If Iwereyou,I should buy it.ﻫ(从句用过去式
动词were,主句用动词原形buy)
12. If Ihad time,I would study French.ﻫ(如果有时
间,我会学习法文。

)(从句用过去式动词had,主句用动词原形s
tudy)ﻫ13.Ifshe knewEnglish,she would not
askme for help.ﻫ(如果她懂英文,她就不必要我帮了。

)(从
句用过去式动词knew, 主句用动词原形ask)ﻫ注意:如果动作在
进行中,主句要用:"主语+wouldbe +进行式动词+
14.Ifthey were here,he would be sp……"ﻫ
eaking to them now.ﻫ(从句用过去式动词were, 主句用wo
uldbe speaking)。

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