2009年10月MBA考试综合能力真题和答案
2009MBA英语真题完整版
一、词汇 Part I V ocabulary and Structure (10%)Direction: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil.1. The poor lady was too and distressed to talk about the tragedy.A. engagedB. exhaustedC. ignorantD. energetic2. At fist , the famous painting doesn't impress the audience at all.A. glanceB. gazeC. stareD. view3. Delegates agree to the plan in , but there were some details they didn't approve.A. disciplineB. theoryC. principleD. nature4. I took the medicine 10minutes ago, but the bitterness is still in my mouth.A. scatteringB. fellingC. maintainingD. lingering5. Since the of human history, human beings have been asking questions like "What is the essence of life."A. duskB. dustC. twinkle C. Dawn6. The eldest son all the family members to discuss how to celebrate the 50th weddinganniversary of their parents.A. ClusteredB. resembledC. assembledD. rendered7. I must leave now, ,if you want that book I'LL bring it you tomorrow .A. AccidentallyB. IncidentallyC. OccasionallyD. Subsequently8. My mother is a light sleeper, to any sound even as low as the humming of mosquito.A. alertB. acuteC. keenD. immune9. The newly built factory is in urgent need of a number of skilled and workers.A. consistentB. consciousC. confidentialD. conscientious10. As an outstanding scholar, he has become to the research team.A. seniorB. juniorC. indispensible C. independent11. Sixteen days after the earthquake, 40people, in their village, were rescued.A. trappedB. confinedC. enclosedD. captured12. Working far away from home, Jerry had to from downtown to his office everyday.A. wanderB. commuteC. rambleD. motion13. The finance minister has not been so since he raised taxes to an unbearable level.A. famousB. favorableC. popularD. preferable14. It is unimaginable for someone in such a high in the govemment to behave so badly in public.A. situationB. positionC. professionD. appointment15. Information given to employees must be , clear and in easy-to-follow language.A．convenient B．continuousC．constant D．concise16. John was very upset because he was by the police with breaking the law.A. sentencedB. arrestedC. accusedD. charged17. David likes country life and has decided farming.A. go in forB. go back onC. go along withD. go through with18. Jennifer has never really her son's death. It's very hard to accept the face that she'llnever have a child.A. come to terms withB. come up againstC. come out withD. come down to19. A national debate is now about whether we should replace golden weeks with paid Vacations.A. in the wayB. by the wayC. under wayD. out of the way20. When a psychologist does a general experiment about the human mind, he selects peopleand asks them questions.A. at easeB. at randomB. in essence D. in sum二、综合填空In1999, the price of oil hovered around $16 a barrel. By 2008, it had 21 the $100 a barrel mark. The reasons for the surge 22 from the dramatic growth of the economies of china and India to widespread 23 in oil-producing regions, including Iraq and Nigeria's delta region. Triple-digit oil prices have 24 the economic and political map of the world, 25 some old notions of power. Oil-rich nations are enjoying historic gains and opportunities, 26 major importers—including china and India, home to a third of the world's population-- 27 rising economic and social costs. Managing this new order is fast becoming a central 28 of global politics. Countries that need oil are clawing at each other to 29 scarce supplies, and are willing to deal with any government, 30 how unpleasant, to do it .In many poor nations with oil , the profits are being ,lost to corruption, 31 these countries of their best hope for development. And oil is fueling enormous investment funds run by foreign governments, 32 some in the west see as a new threat.Countries like Russia, Venezuela and Iran are well supplied with rising oil 33, a change reflected in newly aggressive foreign policies. But some unexpected countries are reaping benefits, 34 costs, from higher prices. Consider Germany. 35 it imports virtually all its oil, it has prospered from extensive trade with a booming Russia and the Middle East. German exports to Russia 36 128 percent from 2001 to 2006.In the United States, as already high gas prices rose 37 higher in the spring of 2008,the issue cropped up in the presidential campaign, with Senators McCain and Obama 38 for a federal gas tax holiday during the peak summer driving months. And driving habits began to 39 ,as sales of small cars jumped and mass transport systems 40 the country reported a sharp increase in riders.21. A. come B. gone C. crossed D. arrived22. A. covered B. discovered C. arranged D. ranged23. A. intensity B. infinity C. insecurity D. instability24. A. drawn B. redrawn C. retained D. reviewed25. A. fighting B. struggling C. challenging D. threatening26. A. and B. while C. thus D. though27. A. confine B. conflict C. conform D. confront28. A. problem B. question C. matter D. event29. A. look for B. lock up C. send out D. keep off30. A. no matter B. what if C. only if D. in spite of31. A. abolishing B. depriving C. destroying D. eliminating32. A. what B. that C. which D. whom33. A. interests B. taxes C. incomes D. revenues34. A. as many as B. as good as C. as far as D. as well as35. A. Although B. Because C. Since D. As36. A. advanced B. grew C. reduces D. multiplied37. A. even B. still C. rather D. fairly38. A. asking B. requesting C. calling D. demanding39. A. change B. turn C. shift D. transform40. A. for B. from C. across D. over三、阅读理解：Part III Reading Comprehension (40%)Direction: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil.PASSAGE1.Henric Ibsen ,author of the play"A Doll's House", in which a pretty, helpless housewife abandons Her husband and children to seek a more serious life, would surely have approved.. From January Ist ,2008, all public companies in Norway are obliged to ensure that at least 40% of their board directors are women. Most firms have obeyed the law, which was passed in 2003.But about 75 out of the 480 or so companies it affects are still too male for the government's liking. They will shortly receive a letterinforming them that they have until the end of February to act , or face the legal consequences---which could include being dissolved.Before the law was proposed, about 7% of board members in Norway were female , according to the Centre for Corporate Diversity .The number has since jumped to 36%. That is far higher than the average of 9% for big companies across Europe or America's 15% for the Fortune 500.Norway's stock exchange and its main business lobby oppose the law, as do many businessmen." I am against quotas for women or men as a matter of principle," says Sverre Munck , head of international operations at a media firm. "Board members of public companies should be chosen solely on the basis of merit and experience,"be says. Several firms have even given up their public status in order to escape the new law.Companies have had to recruit about 1,000 women in four years. Many complain that it has been Difficult to find experienced candidates. Because of this, some of the best women have collected as many as 25-35 directorships each, and are known in Norwegian business circles as the "golden skirts". One reason for the scarcity is that there are fairly few women in management in Norwegian companies---they occupy around 15% of senior positions. It has been particularly hard for firms in the oil, technology and financial industries to find women with a enough experience. Some people worry that their relative lack of experience may keep women quiet on boards, and thatIn turn could mean that boards might become less able to hold managers to account. Recenthistory in Norway, however, suggests that the right women can make strong directors. "Women feel more compelled than men to do their homework," says Ms Reksten Skaugen , who was voted Norway's chairman of the year for 2007, "and we can afford to ask the hard questions, because women are not always expected to know the answers."41. The author mentions Ibsen's play in the first paragraph in order to .A. depict women's dilemma at workB. explain the newly passed lawC. support Norwegian governmentD. introduce the topic under discussion42. A public company that fails to obey the new law could be forced to .A. pay a heavy fineB. close down its businessC. change to a private businessD. sign a document promising to act43. To which of the following is Sverre Munck most likely to agree?A. A set ratio of women in a board is unreasonable.B. A reasonable quota for women at work needs to be set.C. A common principle should be followed by all companies.D. An inexperienced businessman is not subject to the new law.44.The author attributes the phenomenon of "golden skirts" to .A. the small number of qualified females in managementB. the over-recruitment of female managers in public companiesC. the advantage women enjoy when competing for senior positionsD. the discrimination toward women in Norwegian business circles45. The main idea of the passage might be .A. female power and liberation in NorwayB. the significance of Henric Ibsen's playC. women's status in Norwegian firmsD. the constitution of board members in NorwayPASSAGE2.While there's never a good age to get cancer, people in their 20s and 30s can feel particularly isolated. The average age of a cancer patient at diagnosis is 67. Children with cancer often are treated at pediatric (小儿科的) cancer centers, but young adults have a tough time finding peers, often sitting side-by-side during treatments with people who could be their grandparents.In her new book Crazy Sexy Cancer Tips, writer Kris Carr looks at cancer from the perspective of a young adult who confronts death just as she's discovering life. Ms. Carr was 31 when she was diagnosed with a rare from of cancer that had generated tumors on her liver and lungs.Ms. Carr reacted with the normal feelings of shock and sadness. She called her parents and stocked up on organic food, determined to become a "full-time healing addict." Then she picked up the phone and called everyone in her address book, asking if they knew other young women with cancer. The result was her own personal "cancer posse": a rock concert tour manager, a model, a fashion magazine editor, a cartoonist and a MTV celebrity, to name a few. This club of "cancer babes" offered support, advice and fashion tips, among other things.Ms. Carr put her cancer experience in a recent Learning Channel documentary, and she has written a practical guide about how she coped. Cancer isn't funny, but Ms. Carr often is. She swears, she makes up names for the people who treat her ( Dr. Fabulous and Dr. Guru ), and she even makes second sound fun ("cancer road trips," she calls them).She leaves the medical advice to doctors, instead offering insightful and practical tips that reflect the world view of a young adult. "I refused to let cancer ruin my party," she writes. " Thereare just too many cool things to do and plan and live for."Ms. Carr still has cancer, but it has stopped progressing. Her cancer tips include using time-saving mass e-mails to keep friends informed, sewing or buying fashionable hospital gowns so you're not stuck with regulation blue or gray and playing Gloria Gaynor's "I Will Survive" so loud you neighbors call the police. Ms. Carr also advises an eyebrow wax and a new outfit before you tell the important people in your illness. " people you tell are going to cautious and not so cautiously try to see the cancer, so dazzle them instead with your miracle," she writes.While her advice may sound superficial, it gets to the heart of what every cancer patient wants: the chance to live life just as she always did, and maybe better.46. Which of the following groups is more vulnerable to cancer?A. Children.B. People in their 20s and 30s.C. Young adults.D. Elderly people.47. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT _______.A. Kris Carr is a female writerB. Kris Carr is more than 31-year-old.C. Kris Carr works in a cancer center.D. Kris Carr is very optimistic.48. The phrase "cancer posse" (Line 4, para.3 ) probably refers to ________A. a cancer research organizationB. a group of people who suffer from cancerC. people who have recovered from cancerD. people who cope with cancer49. Kris Carr make up names for the people who treat her because ________A. she is depressed and likes swearingB. she is funny and likes playing jokes on doctorC. she wants to leave the medical advice to doctorD. she tries to leave a good impression on doctor50. From Kris Carr's cancer tips we may infer that ________A. she learned to use e-mails after she got cancerB. she wears fashionable dress even after suffering from cancerC. hospital gowns for cancer patients are usually not in bright colorsD. the neighbors are very friendly with cancer patientsPASSAGE3 Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:Should a leader strive to be loved or feared?This question,famously posed by Machiavelli,lies at the heart of Joseph Nye's new book.Mr.Nye,a former dean of the Kennedy School of Govemment at Harvard and one-time chairman of America's National Intelligence Council,is best known for promoting the idea of "soft power",based on persuasion and influence,as a counterpoint to "hard power",based on coercion(强迫) and force.Having analyzed the use of soft and hard power in politics and diplomacy in his previous books,Mr.Nye has now turned his attention to the relationship between power and leadership,in both the political and business spheres.Machiavelli,he notes,concluded that "one ought to be both feared and loved,but as it is difficult for the two to go together,it is much safer to be feared than loved."In short,hard power is preferable to soft power.But modem leadership theorists have come to the opposite conclusion.The context of leadership is changing,the observe,and the historical emphasis on hard power is becoming outdated.In modem companies and democracies,power is increasingly diffused and traditional hierarchies(等级制) are being undermined,making soft power ever more important.But that does not mean coercion should now take a back seat to persuasion.Mr.Nye argues.Instead,he advocates a synthesis of these two views.The conclusion of The Powers to Lead ,his survey of the theory of leadership,is that a combination of hard and soft power,which he calls”smart power”,is the best approach.The dominant theoretical model of leadership at the moment is ,apparently,the “transformational leadership pattern”.Anone allergic(反感) to management term will already be running for the exit,but Mr,Nye has performed a valuable service in rounding up and summarizing the various academic studies and theories of leadcriship into a single,slim volume.He examines different approaches to leadership,the morality of leadership and how the wider context can determine the effcctiveness of a particular leader.There are plcnty of anccdotes and examples,both historical and contemporary,political and corporate.Alsa,leadership is a slippery subject,and as he depicts various theories,even Mr.Nye never quitenails the jelly to the wall.He is at his most interesting when discussing the moral aspects of leadershipin particular,the question of whether it is sometimes necessary for good leaders to lie -and he provides a helpful 12-point summary of his conclusions.A recuming theme is that as circumstances change,different sorts of leadcrs are required;a leader who thrives in one environment may struggle in another,and vice versa.Ultimately that is just a fancy way of saying that leadcrship offers no casy answers.51.From the first two paragraphs we may learn than Mr.Machiavelli's idea of hard power is ______.A.well accepted by Joseph NyeB.very influential till nowadaysC.based on sound theoriesD.contrary to that of modem leadership theorists52.Which of the following makes soft power more important today according to Mr.Nye?A.Coercion is widespread.B.Morality is devalued.C.Power is no longer concentrated.D.Traditional hierarchies are strengthened53.In his book the Powers to lead,Mr.Nye has exmined all the following aspects of leadership EXCEPT_____.A.authorityB.contextC.approachesD.morality54.Mr.Nye's book is particularly valuable in that it _____.A.makes little use of management termsB.summarizes various studies conciselyC.serves as an exit for leadership researchersD.sets a model for contemporary corporate leaders55.According to the author,the most interesting part of Mr.Nye's book lies in his _____.A.view of changeable leadershipB.definition of good leadershipC.summary of leadership historyD.discussion of moral leadershipPASSAGE4 Questions 56to 60are based on the following passage:Americans don't like to lose wars. Of course, a lot depends on how you define just what a war is. There are shooting wars-the kind that test patriotism and courage-and those are the kind at which the U.S excels. But other struggles test those qualities too. What else was the Great Depression or the space race or the construction of the railroads? If American indulge in a bit of flag—when thejob is done, they earned it.Now there is a similar challenge. Global warming. The steady deterioration(恶化)of the very climate of this very planet is becoming a war of the first order, and by any measure, the U.S. produces nearly a quarter of the world's greenhouse gases each year and has stubbornly made it clear that it doesn't intend to do a whole lot about it. Although 174 nations approved the admittedly flawed Kyoto accords to reduce carbon levels, the U.S. walked away from them. There are vague promises of manufacturing fuel from herbs or powering cars with hydrogen. But for a country that tightly cites patriotism as one of its core values, the U.S. is taking a pass on what might be the most patriotic struggle of all. It's hard to imagine a bigger fight than one for the survival of a country's coasts and farms, the health of its people and stability of its economy.The rub is, if the vast majority of people increasingly agree that climate change is a global emergency, there's far less agreement on how to fix it. Industry offers its pans, which too often would fix little. Environmentalists offer theirs, which too often amount to native wish lists that could weaken American's growth. But let's assume that those interested parties and others will always bent the table and will always demand that their voices be heard and that their needs be addressed. What would an aggressive, ambitious, effective plan look like-one that would leave the U.S. both environmentally safe and economically sound?Halting climate change will be far harder. One of the more conservative plans for addressing the problem calls for a reduction of 25 billion tons of carbon emissions over the next 52 year. And yet by devising a consistent strategy that mixes and blends pragmatism(实用主义)with ambition, the U.S. can, without major damage to the economy, help halt the worst effects of climate change and ensure the survival of its way of life for future generations. Money will do some of the work, but what's needed most is will. "I'm not saying the challenge isn't almost overwhelming," says Fred Krupp. "But this is America, and America has risen to these challenges before."56. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Human wars.B. Economic crisis.C. America's environmental policies.D. Global environment in general.57. From the last sentence of paragraph 2 we may learn that the survival of a country's coasts and farms, the health of its people and the stability of its economy is__________.A. of utmost importanceB. a fight no one can winC. beyond people's imaginationD. a less significant issue58. Judging from the context, the word "rub"(Line 1, Para.3)probably means_______.A. frictionB. contradictionC. conflictD. problem59. What is the author's attitude toward America's policies on global warming?A. CriticalB. IndifferentC. SupportiveD. Compromising60. The paragraphs immediately following this passage would most probably deal with___________.A. the new book written by Fred KruppB. how America can fight against global warmingC. the harmful effects of global warmingD. how America can tide over economic crisis四、英译汉With the nation’s financial system teetering on a cliff. The compensation arrangements for executives of the big banks and other financial firms are coming under close examination again.Bankers’ excessive risk- taking is a significant cause of this financial crisis and has continued, to others in the past, in this case, it was fueled by low interest rates and kept going by a false sense of security created by a debt-fueled bubble in the economy.Mortgage lenders gladly lent enormous sums to those who could not afford to pay them back dividing the laws and selling them off to the next financial institution along the chain, advantage of the same high-tech securitization to load on more risky mortgage-based assets.Financial regulation will have to catch up with the most irresponsible五、写作Part V Writing (20%)Direction: In this section, you are asked to write an essay based on the following information. Make comments and express your own opinion. You should write at least 150 words on Answer Sheet 2.At present, there is no doubt that short message plays an increasingly important role in our lives . We are all aware that, like everything else, short message have both favorable and unfavorable aspects. Generally speaking, the advantages can be listed as follows. First of all, in festivals, we can send short messages to wish good luck to other people we know. It brings us a lot of convenience. In addition, short message connects its users with the outside world. For example, some people subscribe weather forecast or news short messages, with them, people’s life will be greatly enriched. But it is pity that every coin has two sides. The disadvantages of short message can’t be ignored. We spend too much time on spelling our words and sending short messages that we can’t focus on our studies. Also, you will always be annoyed by strangers’ short messages one after another. As is known to all, short message is neither good nor bad itself. In my opinion, we can use it. But we shouldn’t spend too much time on it and don’t let it disturb us from our lives.。
2009年联考MBA联考真题—综合试卷及答案
标题：2009年联考MBA 联考真题—综合试卷（数学、逻辑、写作） 关键词：跨考\MBA\真题\数学\逻辑\写作一、问题求解（本大题共15题，每小题3分，共45分。
在下列每题给出的五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的。
请在答题卡．．．上将所选的字母涂黑。
） 1．一家商店为回收资金把甲乙两件商品均以480元一件卖出。
已知甲商品赚了20%，乙商品亏了20%，则商店盈亏结果为（A ）不亏不赚 （B ）亏了50元 （C ）赚了50元 （D ）赚了40元 （E ）亏了40元2．某国参加北京奥运会的勇女运动员比例原为19:12，由于先增加若干名女运动员．使男女运动员比例变为20:13．后又增加了若干名男运动员，于是男女运动员比例．最终变为30:19．如果后增加的男运动员比先增加的女运动员多3人，则最后运员的总人数为（ ）。
（A ）686 （B ）637 （C ）700 （D ）661 （E ）6003．某工厂定期购买一种原料，已知该厂每天需用该原料6吨，每吨价格1800元．原料的保管等费用平均每吨3元，每次购买原料支付运费900元，若该厂要使平均每天支付的总费用最省，则应该每（）天购买一次原料。
（A ）11 （B ）10 （C ）9 （D ）8 （E ）74．在某实验中，三个试管各盛水若千克。
现将浓度为12%的盐水10克倒入A 管中，混合后，取10克倒入口管中，混合后再取10克倒入C 管中，结果 A ，B ，C 三个试管中盐水的浓度分别为6%、2%、0.5%，那么三个试管中原来盛水最多的试管及其盛水量各是（A ）A 试管，10克 （B ）B 试管，20克 （C ）C 试管，30克（D ）B 试管，40克 （E ）C 试管，50克5．一艘轮船往返航行于甲、乙两码头之间，着船在静水中的速度不变，则当这条河的水流速度增加50%时，往返一次所需的时间比原来将( )．（A ）增加 （B ）减少半个小时 （C ）不变 （D ）减少1个小时 （E ）无法判断6．方程214x x -+=的根是（ ）。
2009年mba逻辑真题答案及解析
2009年mba逻辑真题答案及解析MBA逻辑真题答案及解析在准备MBA考试的过程中，逻辑思维是至关重要的一部分。
通过解答逻辑真题，我们可以观察自己在逻辑推理方面的能力，并掌握一些解题技巧。
本文将分析MBA逻辑真题的答案和相应的解析，以帮助考生更好地应对逻辑题目。
正文的MBA逻辑真题通常分为三个部分：判断推理，假设论证和逻辑填空。
我们将分别对这三个部分进行答案和解析的讨论。
判断推理判断推理是考察考生对逻辑思维的理解和应用能力。
一般来说，判断推理题目的答案可以通过排除法和推断得出。
对于排除法，我们可以根据题目给出的条件和答案选项进行逐一排除。
通过对每个选项的分析和对条件的对比，我们可以找出符合题意的选项。
在解答这类题目时，需要有清晰的逻辑思维和耐心。
对于推断题，我们需要根据材料给出的条件，进行逻辑推理。
通过分析各个条件之间的联系，我们可以得出正确的推断。
一些常见的逻辑推理方法包括假设和条件的合并，对否定条件的应用等等。
假设论证假设论证是考察考生在给定前提条件下进行逻辑推演的能力。
在解答这类题目时，我们需要首先理解材料给出的前提条件，并根据这些条件进行逻辑推理。
假设论证题目的答案有时需要进行反证法。
通过假设一个与所给条件相冲突的假设，并通过逻辑推理得出矛盾。
由此可以推断，原始假设是错误的，从而证明正确答案的有效性。
逻辑填空逻辑填空题是考察考生填写合适的逻辑词汇，以使得给定的句子逻辑完整和通顺。
在解答这类题目时，我们需要根据上下文和句子的逻辑关系来选择适当的词汇。
一些常用的逻辑过渡词汇包括"因此"、"所以"、"然而"、"然后"等等。
通过选择合适的逻辑过渡词汇，我们可以使得整个句子或文章的逻辑性更强。
总结通过对MBA逻辑真题答案和解析的讨论，我们可以得出以下几点结论：1. 在解答判断推理题目时，可以使用排除法和推断法来得出正确答案。
MBA考试综合能力真题和答案
A.何梅通过了初试，但方宁没通过。
B.方宁通过了初试，但何梅没通过。
C.所有考生都通过了初试。
D.所有考生都没有通过初试。
E.以上各选项都不一定为真
29.地球所在的太阳系的八大行星中，存在生命的就占了八分之一。按照这个比例，考虑到宇宙中存在数量巨大的行星，因此，宇宙中有生命的天体的数量一定是极其巨大的。
A.进行羽毛汞含量检测的海鸟处于相同年龄段
B.海鱼的汞含量取决于其活动海域的污染程度
C.来源于鱼的汞被海鸟吸收后，残留在羽毛中的含量会随时间的变化而改变
D.在海鸟的食物结构中，海鱼所占的比例，在19世纪80年代并不比现在高
E.用于海鸟标本制作和保存的方法并没有显着减少海鸟羽毛中的贡含量
37.据某国卫生部门统计，2004年全国糖尿病患者中，年轻人不到10%，70%为肥胖者。这说明，肥胖将极大增加患糖尿病的危险。
A. 1,3 B. -1, 2 C. -1, 3 D. 1,2 E.以上结论都不正确
7．设与之和的倒数的2007次方等于1，的相反数与之和的倒数的2009次方也等于1。
则（）。
A. -1 B. 2 C. 1 D. 0 E.
8．设，其中，则对于满足的值，的最小值是（）。
A. 10B. 15C. 20D. 25E. 30
A. 450,900 B. 500,1000 C. 550,1100 D. 600,1200 E. 650,1300
4．甲、乙两人在环形跑道上跑步，他们同时从起点出发，当方向相反时每隔48秒相遇一次，当方向相同时每隔10分钟相遇一次。若甲每分钟比乙快40米，则甲、乙两人的跑步速度分别是（）米/分。
A. 470,430 B. 380,340 C. 370,330 D. 280,240 E. 270，230
2009十月mba试题及答案
2009十月mba试题及答案MBA考试通常包含多个部分，包括数学、逻辑、写作和综合知识等。
以下是一份模拟的2009年10月MBA试题及答案，请注意，这只是一个示例，并非真实的考试内容。
一、数学部分1. 问题：一个公司在一年内销售额增长了20%，如果去年的销售额是100万元，今年是多少？答案：今年的销售额是120万元。
2. 问题：如果一个投资的年回报率是5%，那么1000元的投资在5年后的总价值是多少？答案：5年后的总价值是1276.32元。
3. 问题：一个班级有50名学生，其中30%是女生，问这个班级有多少男生？答案：这个班级有35名男生。
二、逻辑部分1. 问题：如果所有的苹果都是水果，那么以下哪个陈述是正确的？A. 所有的水果都是苹果。
B. 一些水果不是苹果。
C. 只有苹果是水果。
答案：B. 一些水果不是苹果。
2. 问题：如果一个经理总是对他的员工很严厉，那么以下哪个陈述是正确的？A. 所有的经理都是严厉的。
B. 这个经理的员工总是很努力。
C. 严厉的经理总是有高效的团队。
答案：B. 这个经理的员工总是很努力。
三、写作部分题目：请写一篇短文，讨论全球化对本地企业的影响。
答案：（略）四、综合知识部分1. 问题：以下哪个不是市场营销的4P？A. ProductB. PriceC. PlaceD. Process答案：D. Process2. 问题：SWOT分析中的“S”代表什么？A. StrengthsB. StrategiesC. SystemsD. Solutions答案：A. Strengths结束语以上是2009年10月MBA试题及答案的一部分示例。
请注意，实际的MBA考试内容会更加复杂和全面，考生需要具备扎实的专业知识和分析能力。
希望这份示例能对准备MBA考试的同学们有所帮助。
(完整版)MBA历年试题解析
2009年10月在职攻读工商管理硕士学位全国联考综合能力数学试题一.问题求解（第15~1小题，每小题3分，共45分，下例每题给 出A 、B 、C 、D 、E 五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的，请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑）1. 已知某车间的男工人数比女工人数多80%,若在该车间的一次技术考核中全体工人的平均成绩为75分,而女工平均成绩比男工平均成绩高20%,则女工平均成绩为（）分。
（A ）88 （B ）86 （C ）84 （D ）82 （E ）80[点拨]未知量设少的一方容易计算。
解：设女工人数为x ，男工平均成绩为y ，则842.170758.18.12.1=⇒=⇒=+⨯+⨯y y xx x y x y ，选（C ）。
2.某人在市场上买猪肉，小贩称得肉重为4斤，但此人不放心，拿出一个自备的100克重的砝码，将肉与砝码一起让小贩用原秤复称，结果重量为25.4斤，由此可知顾客应要求小贩补猪肉（）两（A ）3 （B ）6 （C ）4 （D ）7 （E ）8[点拨]比例问题，但应先化为同一计量单位。
解：32405.22=⇒=x x ，应要求小贩补猪肉83240=-两。
选（E ）。
3. 甲、乙两商店某种商品的进价都是200元，甲店以高于进价20%的价格出售，乙店以高于进价15%的价格出售，结果乙店的售出件数是甲店的两倍，扣除营业税后乙店的利润比甲店多5400元。
若营业税率是营业额的5%，那么甲、乙两店售出该商品各为（）件（A ）450，900 （B ）500，1000 （C ）550，1100（D ）600，1200 （E ）650，1300[点拨]直接设甲店售出件数，在利用利润差。
解：设甲店售出x 件，则甲店的利润为 x x x 28%52.12002.0200=⨯⨯-⨯， 乙店的利润为 x x x 37%5215.1200215.0200=⨯⨯⨯-⨯⨯，60054002837=⇒=-x x x 。
10月在职mba全国联考综合能力测试答案及真题
年月在职全国联考综合能力测试答案及真题矚慫润厲钐瘗睞枥庑赖賃軔。
一、问题求解：第～小题，每小题分，共分。
下列每题给出的、、、、五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的，请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑。
聞創沟燴鐺險爱氇谴净祸測。
．已知某种商品的价格从一月份到三月份的月平均增长速度为，那么该商品三月份的价格是其一月份价格的( )残骛楼諍锩瀨濟溆塹籟婭骒。
．．．．．．含盐的盐水千克蒸发掉部分水分后变成了含盐的盐水，蒸发掉的水分重量为( )千克酽锕极額閉镇桧猪訣锥顧荭。
．．．．．．为了调节个人收入，减少中低收入者的赋税负担，国家调整了个人工资薪金所得税的征收方案。
已知原方案的起征点为元月，税费分九级征收，前四级税率见下表：彈贸摄尔霁毙攬砖卤庑诒尔。
新方案的起征点为元月，税费分七级征收，前三级税率见下表：若某人在新方案下每月缴纳的个人工资薪金所得税是元，则此人每月缴纳的个人工资薪金所得税比原方案减少了( )元謀荞抟箧飆鐸怼类蒋薔點鉍。
．．．．．．一列火车匀速行驶时，通过一座长为米的桥梁需要秒钟，通过一座长为米的桥梁需要秒种，该火车通过长为米的桥梁需要( )秒厦礴恳蹒骈時盡继價骚卺癩。
．．．．．．打印一份资料，若每分钟打个字，需要若干小时打完。
当打到此材料的时，打字效率提高了，结果提前半小时打完，这份材料的字数是( )个茕桢广鳓鯡选块网羈泪镀齐。
．．．．．．某地区平均每天产生生活垃圾吨，由甲、乙两个处理厂处理。
甲厂每小时可处理垃圾吨，所需费用为元；乙厂每小时可处理垃圾吨，所需费用为元。
如果该地区每天的垃圾处理费不能超过元，那么甲厂每天处理垃圾的时间至少需要( )小时鹅娅尽損鹌惨歷茏鴛賴縈诘。
．．．．．．．．．．．某种新鲜水果的含水量为，一天后的含水量降为。
某商店以每斤元的价格购进了斤新鲜水果，预计当天能售出，两天内售完。
要使利润维持在，则每斤水果的平均售价应定为( )籟丛妈羥为贍偾蛏练淨槠挞。
．．．．．．在名志愿者中，只能做英语翻译的有人，只能做法语翻译的有人，既能做英语翻译又能做法语翻译的有人。
2009MBA英语真题及答案详解
2009年MBA联考英语真题及参考答案Part I Vocabulary and Structure (10%)Direction: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil.1. The poor lady was too and distressed to talk about the tragedy.A. engagedB. exhaustedC. ignorantD. energetic2. At fist , the famous painting doesn’t impress the audience at all.A. glanceB. gazeC. stareD. view3. Delegates agree to the plan in , but there were some details they didn’t approve.A. disciplineB. theoryC. principleD. nature4. I took the medicine 10minutes ago, but the bitterness is still in my mouth.A. scatteringB. fellingC. maintainingD. lingering5. Since the of human history, human beings have been asking questions like "What is the essence of life."A. duskB. dustC. twinkle C. Dawn6. The eldest son all the family members to discuss how to celebrate the 50th weddinganniversary of their parents.A. ClusteredB. resembledC. assembledD. rendered7. I must leave now, ,if you want that book I’LL bring it you tomorrow .A. AccidentallyB. IncidentallyC. OccasionallyD. Subsequently8. My mother is a light sleeper, to any sound even as low as the humming of mosquito.A. alertB. acuteC. keenD. immune9. The newly built factory is in urgent need of a number of skilled and workers.A. consistentB. consciousC. confidentialD. conscientious10. As an outstanding scholar, he has become to the research team.A. seniorB. juniorC. indispensible C. independent11. Sixteen days after the earthquake, 40people, in their village, were rescued.A. trappedB. confinedC. enclosedD. captured12. Working far away from home, Jerry had to from downtown to his office everyday.A. wanderB. commuteC. rambleD. motion13. The finance minister has not been so since he raised taxes to an unbearable level.A. famousB. favorableC. popularD. preferable14. It is unimaginable for someone in such a high in the govemment to behave so badly in public.A. situationB. positionC. professionD. appointment15. Information given to employees must be , clear and in easy-to-follow language.A．convenient B．continuousC．constant D．concise16. John was very upset because he was by the police with breaking the law.A. sentencedB. arrestedC. accusedD. charged17. David likes country life and has decided farming.A. go in forB. go back onC. go along withD. go through with18. Jennifer has never really her son’s death. It’s very hard to accept the face that she’llnever have a child.A. come to terms withB. come up againstC. come out withD. come down to19. A national debate is now about whether we should replace golden weeks with paidVacations.A. in the wayB. by the wayC. under wayD. out of the way20. When a psychologist does a general experiment about the human mind, he selects peopleand asks them questions.A. at easeB. at randomB. in essence D. in sumIn1999, the price of oil hovered around $16 a barrel. By 2008, it had 21 the $100 a barrel mark. The reasons for the surge 22 from the dramatic growth of the economies of china and India to widespread 23 in oil-producing regions, including Iraq and Nigeria’s delta region. Triple-digit oil prices have 24 the economic and political map of the world,25 some old notions of power. Oil-rich nations are enjoying historic gains and opportunities,26 major importers—including chinaand India, home to a third of the world’s population-- 27 rising economic and social costs.Managing this new order is fast becoming a central 28 of global politics. Countries that need oil are clawing at each other to 29 scarce supplies, and are willing to deal with any government, 30 how unpleasant, to do it .In many poor nations with oil , the profits are being ,lost to corruption, 31 these countries of their best hope for development. And oil is fueling enormous investment funds run by foreign governments, 32 some in the west see as a new threat.Countries like Russia, Venezuela and Iran are well supplied with rising oil 33, a change reflected in newly aggressive foreign policies. But some unexpected countries are reaping benefits, 34 costs, from higher prices. Consider Germany. 35 it imports virtually all its oil, it has prospered from extensive trade with a booming Russia and the Middle East.German exports to Russia 36 128 percent from 2001 to 2006.In the United States, as already high gas prices rose 37 higher in the spring of 2008,the issue cropped up in the presidential campaign, with Senators McCain and Obama 38 for a federal gas tax holiday during the peak summer driving months. And driving habits began to 39 ,as sales of small cars jumped and mass transport systems 40 the country reported a sharp increase in riders.21. A. come B. gone C. crossed D. arrived22. A. covered B. discovered C. arranged D. ranged23. A. intensity B. infinity C. insecurity D. instability24. A. drawn B. redrawn C. retained D. reviewed25. A. fighting B. struggling C. challenging D. threatening26. A. and B. while C. thus D. though27. A. confine B. conflict C. conform D. confront28. A. problem B. question C. matter D. event29. A. look for B. lock up C. send out D. keep off30. A. no matter B. what if C. only if D. in spite of31. A. abolishing B. depriving C. destroying D. eliminating32. A. what B. that C. which D. whom33. A. interests B. taxes C. incomes D. revenues34. A. as many as B. as good as C. as far as D. as well as35. A. Although B. Because C. Since D. As36. A. advanced B. grew C. reduces D. multiplied37. A. even B. still C. rather D. fairly38. A. asking B. requesting C. calling D. demanding39. A. change B. turn C. shift D. transform40. A. for B. from C. across D. overPart III Reading Comprehension (40%)Direction: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil.PASSAGE1.Henric Ibsen ,author of the play"A Doll’s House", in which a pretty, helpless housewife abandonsHer husband and children to seek a more serious life, would surely have approved.. From January Ist ,2008, all public companies in Norway are obliged to ensure that at least 40% of their board directors arewomen. Most firms have obeyed the law, which was passed in 2003.But about 75 out of the 480 or socompanies it affects are still too male for the government’s liking. They will shortly receive a letterinforming them that they have until the end of February to act , or face the legal consequences---whichcould include being dissolved.Before the law was proposed, about 7% of board members in Norway were female , according to the Centre for Corporate Diversity .The number has since jumped to 36%. That is far higher than the average of 9% for big companies across Europe or America’s 15% for the Fortune 500.Norway’s stock exchange and its main business lobby oppose the law, as do many businessmen." I am against quotas for women or men as a matter of principle," says Sverre Munck , head of international operations at a media firm. "Board members of public companies should be chosen solely on the basis of merit and experience,"be says. Several firms have even given up their public status in order to escape the new law.Companies have had to recruit about 1,000 women in four years. Many complain that it has beenDifficult to find experienced candidates. Because of this, some of the best women have collected as many as 25-35 directorships each, and are known in Norwegian business circles as the "golden skirts". One reason for the scarcity is that there are fairly few women in management in Norwegian companies---they occupy around 15% of senior positions. It has been particularly hard for firms in the oil, technology and financial industries to find women with a enough experience.Some people worry that their relative lack of experience may keep women quiet on boards, and thatIn turn could mean that boards might become less able to hold managers to account. Recent history in Norway, however, suggests that the right women can make strong directors. "Women feel more compelled than men to do their homework," says Ms Reksten Skaugen , who was voted Norway’s chairman of the year for 2007, "and we can afford to ask the hard questions, because women are not always expected to know the answers."41. The author mentions Ibsen’s play in the first paragraph in order to .A. depict women’s dilemma at workB. explain the newly passed lawC. support Norwegian governmentD. introduce the topic under discussion42. A public company that fails to obey the new law could be forced to .A. pay a heavy fineB. close down its businessC. change to a private businessD. sign a document promising to act43. To which of the following is Sverre Munck most likely to agree?A. A set ratio of women in a board is unreasonable.B. A reasonable quota for women at work needs to be set.C. A common principle should be followed by all companies.D. An inexperienced businessman is not subject to the new law.44.The author attributes the phenomenon of "golden skirts" to .A. the small number of qualified females in managementB. the over-recruitment of female managers in public companiesC. the advantage women enjoy when competing for senior positionsD. the discrimination toward women in Norwegian business circles45. The main idea of the passage might be .A. female power and liberation in NorwayB. the significance of Henric Ibsen’s playC. women’s status in Norwegian firmsD. the constitution of board members in NorwayPASSAGE2.While there’s never a good age to get cancer, people in their 20s and 30s can feel particularly isolated. The average age of a cancer patient at diagnosis is 67. Children with cancer often are treated at pediatric (小儿科的) cancer centers, but young adults have a tough time finding peers, often sitting side-by-side during treatments with people who could be their grandparents.In her new book Crazy Sexy Cancer Tips, writer Kris Carr looks at cancer from the perspective of a young adult who confronts death just as she’s discovering life. Ms. Carr was 31 when she was diagnosed with a rare from of cancer that had generated tumors on her liver and lungs.Ms. Carr reacted with the normal feelings of shock and sadness. She called her parents and stocked up on organic food, determined to become a "full-time healing addict." Then she picked up the phone and called everyone in her address book, asking if they knew other young women with cancer. The result was her own personal "cancer posse": a rock concert tour manager, a model, a fashion magazine editor, a cartoonist and a MTV celebrity, to name a few. This club of"cancer babes" offered support, advice and fashion tips, among other things.Ms. Carr put her cancer experience in a recent Learning Channel documentary, and she has written a practical guide about how she coped. Cancer isn’t funny, but Ms. Carr often is. She swears, she makes up names for the people who treat her ( Dr. Fabulous and Dr. Guru ), and she even makes second sound fun ("cancer road trips," she calls them).She leaves the medical advice to doctors, instead offering insightful and practical tips that reflect the world view of a young adult. "I refused to let cancer ruin my party," she writes. " Thereare just too many cool things to do and plan and live for."Ms. Carr still has cancer, but it has stopped progressing. Her cancer tips include using time-saving mass e-mails to keep friends informed, sewing or buying fashionable hospital gowns so you’re not stuck with regulation blue or gray and playing Gloria Ga ynor’s "I Will Survive" so loud you neighbors call the police. Ms. Carr also advises an eyebrow wax and a new outfit before you tell the important people in your illness. " people you tell are going to cautious and not so cautiously try to see the cancer, so dazzle them instead with your miracle," she writes.While her advice may sound superficial, it gets to the heart of what every cancer patient wants: the chance to live life just as she always did, and maybe better.46. Which of the following groups is more vulnerable to cancer?A. Children.B. People in their 20s and 30s.C. Young adults.D. Elderly people.47. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT _______.A. Kris Carr is a female writerB. Kris Carr is more than 31-year-old.C. Kris Carr works in a cancer center.D. Kris Carr is very optimistic.48. The phrase "cancer posse" (Line 4, para.3 ) probably refers to ________A. a cancer research organizationB. a group of people who suffer from cancerC. people who have recovered from cancerD. people who cope with cancer49. Kris Carr make up names for the people who treat her because ________A. she is depressed and likes swearingB. she is funny and likes playing jokes on doctorC. she wants to leave the medical advice to doctorD. she tries to leave a good impression on doctor50. From Kris Carr’s cancer tips we may infer that ________A. she learned to use e-mails after she got cancerB. she wears fashionable dress even after suffering from cancerC. hospital gowns for cancer patients are usually not in bright colorsD. the neighbors are very friendly with cancer patientsPASSAGE3。
2009十月联考MPA公共管理基础试题(A)参考答案
2009十月联考MPA公共管理基础试题(A)参考答案一、单项选择题1.B2. D3. B4. B5. B6. A7. D8. c9. B 10. A11. c 12. B 13. A 14. A 15. c16. B 17. D 18. B 19. B 20. A21. B 22. B 23. A 24. B 25. D26. B 27. B 28. B 29. B 30. A二、多项选择题（每小题3 分，共30分）31. ABD 32. BCD 33. AC 34. ABD 35. BCD36. ABCD 37. ABC 38.ABCD 39. ABCD 40. BCD三、案例题（41-50题，单项选择题，每小题2分；51题20分，共40分）41 C 42 C 43 D 44 C 45 B46 C 47 D 48 B 49 C 50 A51.结合我国改革实际，运用政府工具理论，分析市场化改革的特点、目的与意义。
答案要点：（1）政府工具又称政策工具、治理工具、公共管理的技术或行政方法。
政府工具是达成政策目标的手段。
现代政府治理的工具包括市场化工具、工商管理技术、社会化手段等三类。
（3分）（2）市场化工具是指政府利用市场这一有效的资源配置手段，来达到提供公共物品和服务的目的的具体方式，民营化、用者付费、管制与放松管制、合同外包、内部市场等都可以用来帮助政府达成政策目标。
（3分）案例中医疗体制改革，政府采取“大踏步”后退，只管部分公立医院，其他的走向市场的做法属于民营化的市场工具。
（3分）（3）民营化的特点是：将原先由政府控制或拥有的职能交由企业私方承包或出售给私方;最典型的做法是将国有公司一半以上的股票出售给私人或全部出售给私有企业。
（3分）从上述案例可以看出，政府采取该做法的目的是政府利用商业原则和市场机制，借助竞争达到政策目标。
（3分）其现实意义是，通过鼓励私人部门提供可市场化的产品或服务，实现国有企业的撤资，适应建立社会主义市场经济体制的需要，转变政府职能，提高公共服务质量。
2009MBA真题
2009年MBA参考答案2009年工商管理硕士专业学位研究生入学全国联考英语试题Part I Vocabulary and Structure (10%)Direction: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE answer that best com pletes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet wi th a pencil.B1. The poor lady w as too and distressed to talk about the tragedy.A. engagedB. exhaustedC. ignorantD. energetic2. At first , the famous painting doesn't impress the audience at all.AA. glanceB. gazeC. stareD. view3. Delegates agree to the plan in , but there were some details they didn't ap prove.CA. disciplineB. theoryC. principleD. nature4. I took the medicine 10minutes ago, but the bitterness is still in my mouth. CA. scatteringB. fellingC. maintainingD. lingering5. Since the of human history, human beings have been asking questions like "What is the essence of life." CA. duskB. dustC. twinkle C. Dawn6. The eldest son all the family members to discuss how to celebrate the 5 0th wedding anniversary of their parents. CA. ClusteredB. resembledC. assembledD. rendered7. I must leave now. , if you want that book I'LL bring it you tomorrow.A. AccidentallyB. IncidentallyC. OccasionallyD. Subsequently8. My mother is a light sleeper, to any sound even as low as the humming of mosquito.A. alertB. acuteC. keenD. immune9. The newly built factory is in urgent need of a number of skilled and wor kers.A. consistentB. consciousC. confidentialD. conscientious10. As an outstanding scholar, he has become to the research team.A. seniorB. juniorC. indispensable C. independent11. Sixteen days after the earthquake, 40people, in their village, were rescued.A. trappedB. confinedC. enclosedD. captured12. Working far away from home, Jerry had to from downtown to his office eve ryday.A. wandersB. commuteC. rambleD. motion13. The finance minister has not been so since he raised taxes to an unbearable level.A. famousB. favorableC. popularD. preferable14. It is unimaginable for someone in such a high in the government to behave so badly in public.A. situationB. positionC. professionD. appointment15. Information given to employees must be , clear and in easy-to-follow langu age.A．convenient B．continuous C．constant D．concise16. John was very upset because he was by the police with breaking the law.A. sentencedB. arrestedC. accusedD. charged17. David likes country life and has decided farming. AA. go in forB. go back onC. go along withD. go thro ugh with18. Jennifer has never really her son's death. It's very hard to accept the face t hat she'll never have a child.A. come to terms withB. come up againstC. come out withD. come down to19. A national debate is now about whether we should replace golden weeks wi th paid Vacations.A. in the wayB. by the wayC. under wayD. out of the way20. When a psychologist does a general experiment about the human mind, he sel ects people and asks them questions.A. at easeB. at randomC. in essenceD. in sum Section ⅡCloze (10 points)Directions：For each monbared blank in the following passage, there are four choi ces marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the best one and blacken the corresponding l etter on the ANSWER SHEET with a pencil.In1999, the price of oil hovered around $16 a barrel. By 2008, it had 21 the $10 0 a barrel mark. The reasons for the surge 22 from the dramatic growth of the ec onomies of china and India to widespread 23 in oil-producing regions, including Ira q and Nigeria's delta region. Triple-digit oil prices have 24 the economic and polit ical map of the world, 25 some old notions of power. Oil-rich nations are enjoying historic gains and opportunities, 26 major importers—including China and India, home to a third of the world's population -- 27 rising economic and social costs.Managing this new order is fast becoming a central 28 of global politics. Countri es that need oil are clawing at each other to 29 scarce supplies, and are willing to deal with any government, 30 how unpleasant, to do it .In many poor nations with oil, the profits are being, lost to corruption, 31 these co untries of their best hope for development. And oil is fueling enormous investment funds run by foreign governments, 32 some in the west see as a new threat.Countries like Russia, Venezuela and Iran are well supplied with rising oil 33,a change reflected in newly aggressive foreign policies. But some unexpected coun tries are reaping benefits, 34 costs, from higher prices. Consider Germany. 35 it imports virtually all its oil, it has prospered from extensive trade with a booming Ru ssia and the Middle East. German exports to Russia 36 128 percent from 2001 to 2006.In the United States, as already high gas prices rose 37 higher in the spring of 20 08, the issue cropped up in the presidential campaign, with Senators McCain and Obama 38 for a federal gas tax holiday during the peak summer driving months. A nd driving habits began to 39 ,as sales of small cars jumped and mass transpo rt systems 40 the country reported a sharp increase in riders.21. A. come B. gone C. crossed D. arrived22. A. covered B. discovered C. arranged D. ranged23. A. intensity B. infinity C. insecurity D. instability24. A. drawn B. redrawn C. retained D. reviewed25. A. fighting B. struggling C. challenging D. threatening26. A. and B. while C. thus D. though27. A. confine B. conflict C. conform D. confront28. A. problem B. question C. matter D. event29. A. look for B. lock up C. send out D. keep off30. A. no matter B. what if C. only if D. in spite of31. A. abolishing B. depriving C. destroying D. eliminating32. A. what B. that C. which D. whom33. A. interests B. taxes C. incomes D. revenues34. A. as many as B. Because C. Since D. As36. A. advanced B. grew C. reduces D. multiplied37. A. even B. still C. rather D. fairly38. A. asking B. requesting C. calling D. demanding39. A. change B. turn C. shift D. transform40. A. for B. from C. across D. overPart III Reading Comprehension (40%)Direction: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some q uestions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should decide on the best choice. Then blacken the corresp onding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil.PASSAGE1.Henric Ibsen, author of the play "A Doll's House", in which a pretty, helpless house wife abandons Her husband and children to seek a more serious life, would surely have approved. From January 1st, 2008, all public companies in Norway are oblig ed to ensure that at least 40% of their board directors are women. Most firms hav e obeyed the law, which was passed in 2003.But about 75 out of the 480 or so c ompanies it affects are still too male for the government's liking. They will shortly r eceive a letter informing them that they have until the end of February to act, or f ace the legal consequences---which could include being dissolved.Before the law was proposed, about 7% of board members in Norway were fem ale, according to the Centre for Corporate Diversity .The number has since jumped to 36%. That is far higher than the average of 9% for big companies across Euro pe or America's 15% for the Fortune 500.Norway's stock exchange and its main bu siness lobby oppose the law, as do many businessmen." I am against quotas for women or men as a matter of principle," says Sverre Munck, head of international operations at a media firm. "Board members of public companies should be chosen solely on the basis of merit and experience, "be says. Several firms have even gi ven up their public status in order to escape the new law.Companies have had to recruit about 1,000 women in four years. Many complain t hat it has been difficult to find experienced candidates. Because of this, some of t h e best women have collected as many as 25-35 directorships each, and are known in Norwegian business circles as the "golden skirts". One reason for the scarcity i s that there are fairly few women in management in Norwegian companies---they o ccupy around 15% of senior positions. It has been particularly hard for firms in theoil, technology and financial industries to find women with a enough experience. Some people worry that their relative lack of experience may keep women quiet on boards, and that in turn could mean that boards might become less able to hold managers to account. Recent history in Norway, however, suggests that the right w omen can make strong directors. "Women feel more compelled than men to do the ir homework," says Ms Reksten Skaugen, who was voted Norway's chairman of th e year for 2007, "and we can afford to ask the hard questions, because women are not always expected to know the answers."41. The author mentions Ibsen's play in the first paragraph in order to .A. depict women's dilemma at workB. explain the newly passed lawC. support Norwegian governmentD. introduce the topic under discussion42. A public company that fails to obey the new law could be forced to .A. pay a heavy fineB. close down its businessC. change to a private businessD. sign a document promising to act43. To which of the following is Sverre Munck most likely to agree?A. A set ratio of women in a board is unreasonable.B. A reasonable quota for women at work needs to be set.C. A common principle should be followed by all companies.D. An inexperienced businessman is not subject to the new law.44. The author attributes the phenomenon of "golden skirts" to .A. the small number of qualified females in managementB. the over-recruitment of female managers in public companiesC. the advantage women enjoy when competing for senior positionsD. the discrimination toward women in Norwegian business circles45. The main idea of the passage might be .A. female power and liberation in NorwayB. the significance of Henric Ibsen's playC. women's status in Norwegian firmsD. the constitution of board members in NorwayPASSAGE2.While there's never a good age to get cancer, people in their 20s and 30s can fee l particularly isolated. The average age of a cancer patient at diagnosis is 67. Chil dren with cancer often are treated at pediatric (小儿科的) cancer centers, but young adults have a tough time finding peers, often sitting side-by-side during treatments with people who could be their grandparents.In her new book Crazy Sexy Cancer Tips, writer Kris Carr looks at cancer from the perspective of a young adult who confronts death just as she's discovering life. Ms. Carr was 31 when she was diagnosed with a rare from of cancer that had g enerated tumors on her liver and lungs.Ms. Carr reacted with the normal feelings of shock and sadness. She called her parents and stocked up on organic food, determined to become a "full-time healin g addict." Then she picked up the phone and called everyone in her address book, asking if they knew other young women with cancer. The result was her own per sonal "cancer posse": a rock concert tour manager, a model, a fashion magazine e ditor, a cartoonist and a MTV celebrity, to name a few. This club of "cancer babes" offered support, advice and fashion tips, among other things.Ms. Carr put her cancer experience in a recent Learning Channel documentary, and she has written a practical guide about how she coped. Cancer isn't funny, bu t Ms. Carr often is. She swears, she makes up names for the people who treat he r (Dr. Fabulous and Dr. Guru), and she even makes second sound fun ("cancer ro ad trips," she calls them).She leaves the medical advice to doctors, instead offering insightful and practical tips that reflect the world view of a young adult. "I refused to let cancer ruin myparty," she writes. "There are just too many cool things to do and plan and live fo r."Ms. Carr still has cancer, but it has stopped progressing. Her cancer tips include using time-saving mass e-mails to keep friends informed, sewing or buying fashion able hospital gowns so you're not stuck with regulation blue or gray and playing Gl oria Gaynor's "I Will Survive" so loud you neighbors call the police. Ms. Carr also advises an eyebrow wax and a new outfit before you tell the important people in y our illness. "people you tell are going to cautious and not so cautiously try to see the cancer, so dazzle them instead with your miracle," she writes.While her advice may sound superficial, it gets to the heart of what every cancer patient wants: the chance to live life just as she always did, and maybe better.46. Which of the following groups is more vulnerable to cancer?A. Children.B. People in their 20s and 30s.C. Young adults.D. Elderly people.47. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT _______.A. Kris Carr is a female writerB. Kris Carr is more than 31-year-old.C. Kris Carr works in a cancer center.D. Kris Carr is very optimistic.48. The phrase "cancer posse" (Line 4, para.3) probably refers to ________A. a cancer research organizationB. a group of people who suffer from cancerC. people who have recovered from cancerD. people who cope with cancer49. Kris Carr make up names for the people who treat her because ________A. she is depressed and likes swearingB. she is funny and likes playing jokes on doctorC. she wants to leave the medical advice to doctorD. she tries to leave a good impression on doctor50. From Kris Carr's cancer tips we may infer that ________A. she learned to use e-mails after she got cancerB. she wears fashionable dress even after suffering from cancerC. hospital gowns for cancer patients are usually not in bright colorsD. the neighbors are very friendly with cancer patientsPASSAGE 3Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage:Should a leader strive to be loved or feared? This question, famously posed by M achiavelli, lies at the heart of Joseph Nye's new book. .Mr.Nye, a former dean of t he Kennedy School of Govemment at Harvard and one-time chairman of America's National Intelligence Council, is best known for promoting the idea of "soft power", based on persuasion and influence, as a counterpoint to "hard power", based on coercion(强迫) and force.Having analyzed the use of soft and hard power in politics and diplomacy in his pr evious books, Mr.Nye has now turned his attention to the relationship between pow er and leadership, in both the political and business spheres .Machiavelli, he notes, concluded that "one ought to be both feared and loved, but as it is difficult for th e two to go together, it is much safer to be feared than loved." In short, hard pow er is preferable to soft power. But modem leadership theorists have come to the o pposite conclusion.The context of leadership is changing, the observe, and the historical emphasis on hard power is becoming outdated. In modem companies and democracies, power i s increasingly diffused and traditional hierarchies(等级制) are being undermined, ma king soft power ever more important. But that does not mean coercion should now take a back seat to persuasion. Mr.Nye argues. Instead, he advocates a synthesis of these two views. The conclusion of The Powers to Lead, his survey of the the ory of leadership, is that a combination of hard and soft power, which he calls” smart power, is the best approach.The dominant theoretical model of leadership at t he moment is, apparently, the “tra nsformational leadership pattern. Anone allergic(反感) to management term will alrea dy be running for the exit, but Mr.Nye has performed a valuable service in roundin g up and summarizing the various academic studies and theories of leadership into a single, slim volume. He examines different approaches to leadership, the moralit y of leadership and how the wider context can determine the effectiveness of a pa rticular leader. There are plenty of anecdotes and examples, both historical and co ntemporary, political and corporate.Also, leadership is a slippery subject, and as he depicts various theories, even Mr. Nye never quite nails the jelly to the wall. He is at his most interesting when discu ssing the moral aspects of leadership in particular, the question of whether it is so metimes necessary for good leaders to lie -and he provides a helpful 12-point sum mary of his conclusions. A resuming theme is that as circumstances change, differ ent sorts of leaders are required; a leader who thrives in one environment may str uggle in another, and vice versa. Ultimately that is just a fancy way of saying that leadership offers no easy answers.51. From the first two paragraphs we may learn than Mr.Machiavelli's idea of hard power is ______.A. well accepted by Joseph NyeB. very influential till nowadaysC. based on sound theoriesD. contrary to that of modem leadership theorists52. Which of the following makes soft power more important today according to M r.Nye?A. Coercion is widespread.B. Morality is devalued.C. Power is no longer concentrated.D. Traditional hierarchies are strengthened53. In his book the Powers to lead, Mr.Nye has ermined all the following aspects of leadership EXCEPT_____.A. authorityB. contextC. approachesD. morality54. Mr.Nye's book is particularly valuable in that it _____.A. makes little use of management termsB. summarizes various studies conciselyC. serves as an exit for leadership researchersD. sets a model for contemporary corporate leaders55. According to the author, the most interesting part of Mr.Nye's book lies in his _____.A. view of changeable leadershipB. definition of good leadershipC. summary of leadership historyD. discussion of moral leadershipPASSAGE 4Questions 56to 60are based on the following passage:Americans don't like to lose wars. Of course, a lot depends on how you define just what a war is. There are shooting wars-the kind that test patriotism and courage-and those are the kind at which the U.S excels. But other struggles test those qua lities too. What else was the Great Depression or the space race or the constructi on of the railroads? If American indulges in a bit of flag—when the job is done, th ey earned it.Now there is a similar challenge. Global Warming. The steady deterioration(恶化)of the very climate of this very planet is becoming a war of the first order, and by an y measure, the U.S. produces nearly a quarter of the world's greenhouse gases each year and has stubbornly made it clear that it doesn't intend to do a whole lot a bout it. Although 174 nations approved the admittedly flawed Kyoto accords to redu ce carbon levels, the U.S. walked away from them. There are vague promises of manufacturing fuel from herbs or powering cars with hydrogen. But for a country th at tightly cites patriotism as one of its core values, the U.S. is taking a pass on w hat might be the most patriotic struggle of all. It's hard to imagine a bigger fight th an one for the survival of a country's coasts and farms, the health of its people an d stability of its economy.The rub is, if the vast majority of people increasingly agree that climate change is a global emergency, there's far less agreement on how to fix it. Industry offers its pans, which too often would fix little. Environmentalists offer theirs, which too ofte n amount to native wish lists that could weaken American's growth. But let's assum e that those interested parties and others will always bent the table and will alway s demand that their voices be heard and that their needs be addressed. What wo u ld an aggressive, ambitious, effective plan look like-one that would leave the U.S. both environmentally safe and economically sound?Halting climate change will be far harder. One of the more conservative plans for addressing the problem calls for a reduction of 25 billion tons of carbon emissions over the next 52 year. And yet by devising a consistent strategy that mixes and bl ends pragmatism(实用主义)with ambition, the U.S. can, without major damage to the economy, help halt the worst effects of climate change and ensure the survival of its way of life for future generations. Money will do some of the work, but what's needed most is will. "I'm not saying the challenge isn't almost overwhelming," says Fred Krupp. "But this is America, and America has risen to these challenges before."56. What does the passage mainly discuss?A. Human wars.B. Economic crisis.C. America's environmental policies.D. Global environment in general.57. From the last sentence of paragraph 2 we may learn that the survival of a cou ntry's coasts and farms, the health of its people and the stability of its economy is __________.A. of utmost importanceB. a fight no one can winC. beyond people's imaginationD. a less significant issue58. Judging from the context, the word "rub"(Line 1, Para.3) probably means______ _.A. frictionB. contradictionC. conflictD. problem59. What is the author's attitude toward America's policies on global warming?A. CriticalB. IndifferentC. SupportiveD. Compromising60. The paragraphs immediately following this passage would most probably deal w ith___________.A. the new book written by Fred KruppB. how America can fight against global warmingC. the harmful effects of global warmingD. how America can tide over economic crisisSection ⅣTranslation (20 points)Directions：In this section there is a passage in English. Translate it into Chinese and write your translation on the ANSWER SHEET.With the nation’s financial system teetering on a cliff. The compensation arrang ements for executives of the big banks and other financial firms are coming under close examination again.Bankers’ excessive risk- taking is a significant cause of this financial crisis and has continued, to others in the past, in this case, it was fueled by low interest rates and kept going by a false sense of security created by a debt-fueled bubble in the economy.Mortgage lenders gladly lent enormous sums to those who could not afford to pay them back dividing the laws and selling them off to the next financial institutio n along the chain, advantage of the same high-tech securitization to load on more risky mortgage-based assets.Financial regulation will have to catch up with the most irresponsible practices that led banks down in this road, in hopes averting the next crisis, which is likely t o involve different financial techniques and different sorts of assets. But it is worth examining the root problem of compensation schemes that are tied to short-term pr ofits and revenue’s, and thus encourage bankers to take irresponsible risks.Part V Writing (20%)Direction : It is known that text message（手机短信）has both advantages and dis advantages. Some people think it is a blessing, while others regard it as a hell. In this section, you are asked to write an essay on text messaging. You can take ei ther stand and provide specific reasons and examples to support your idea. You s hould write at least 150 words on ANSWER SHEET.作文解析：At present, there is no doubt that short message plays an increasingly importa nt role in our lives. We are all aware that, like everything else, short message hav e both favorable and unfavorable aspects.Generally speaking, the advantages can be listed as follows. First of all, in fes tivals, we can send short messages to wish good luck to other people we know. It brings us a lot of convenience. In addition, short message connects its users with the outside world. For example, some people subscribe weather forecast or news short messages, with them, people’s life will be greatly enriched.But it is pity that every coin has two sides. The disadvantages of short message can’t be ignored.We spend too much time on spelling our words and sending short messages that we can’t focus on our studies. Also, you will always be annoy ed by strangers’ short messages one after another.As is known to all, short message is neither good nor bad itself. In my opinio n, we can use it. But we shouldn’t spend too much time on it and don’t let it distu rb us from our lives.答案：ECRION I1-10 BACDD CBAAC 11-20 BBABD DBACBSECTION 221-30 CDDBC BDDBA 31-40 BACDA DBCACSECTION 341-50 BBAAC CCBCC 51-60 DCABD CAAACSECTION 4由于国家金融体制处于危机边缘动荡,一些大银行和金融机构中的高级管理人员的补偿金计划就受到密切关注.银行家们过度冒险是金融危机的至关重要原因,在历史上也有类似情况.在这种情况下,一般是由低息引起并造成持续的错觉,其实是一种债务泡沫经济.抵押贷款人很乐意把大量资金借给无力偿还的人,就把贷款瓜分了,并沿这样的链条出售给下一个金融机构,这些做法都在利用高科技证券业,结果,却增加了抵押资产的风险.金融条例必须能应付这种能使银行下滑的,最不负责任的做法,以期扭转下一个危机,而这下一个危机很可能包括有各种类型的技术和资产.但值得审视补偿金计划的根本问题,因为那是眼前利益,但却让银行家们不负责任的甘冒风险.2009年工商管理硕士专业学位研究生入学全国联考综合能力试题一、问题求解（本大题共15小题，每小题3分，共45分，在每小题的五项选项中选择一项）1、甲、乙两种商品，均以480元出售，甲赚了20％，乙赔了20％，则商店盈亏结果为（）A、不亏不盈B、亏了50元C、赚了50元D、赚了40元E、亏了40元2、北京奥运会某国的男女运动员人数之比为19：12，后增加了若干女运动员，使人数之比为20：13，又增加了男运动员，使人数之比为30：19，如果后增加的男运动员比先增加的女运动员多3人，则最后运动员的总人数为（）A、686B、637C、700D、661E、6003、某工厂定期购买一种原料，已知该工厂每天需要6吨原料，每吨的价格是1800元，每吨原料的保管等费用是3元，每次购买原料而需支付运费900元，若该厂要使平均每天支付的总费用最省，则应该（）天购买一次原料A、11B、10C、9D、8E、74、有3个试管A、B、C，分别装有一定量的清水，现将浓度为12％的溶液10克倒入A试管，混合后取出10克后倒入B试管，混合后再取10克倒入C 试管，最后A，B，C三个试管的浓度为6%,2%,0.5%, 则最初A，B，C三个试管盛水最多的是（）A、A试管，10克B、B试管，20克C、C试管，30克D、B试管，40克E、C试管，50克5、一艘轮船往返航行于甲、乙两码头之间，若船在静水中的速度不变，则当这条河的水流速度增加50％时，往返一次所需的时间比原来将（）A、增加B、减少半个小时C、不变D、减少一个小时E、无法判断6、方程的根是（）A、B、C、D、7、已知方程为，则b、c的值为（）A、2，6B、3，4C、－2，－6D、－3，－6E、以上结果都不正确8、已知，则（）A、B、C、D、9、现有36人，其中A血型12人，B血型10人，C血型8人，AB血型6人，从这36人中任选2人，则2人血型相同的概率为（）A、B、C、D、E、以上结论都正确10、湖中有4个小岛，恰好位于正方形的4个顶点，现要建3座桥连结4个小岛，则不同的建桥方案有( )种A、12B、16C、18D、20E、2111、在数列中，，，则是（）A、首项为2，公比为的等比数列B、首项为2，公比为2的等比数列C、既非等差数列也非等比数列D、首项为2，公差为的等差数列12、的斜边AB=13,直角边AC=5, ,将AC对折到AB上去与斜边重合，点C与点E重合，折痕为AD，（如图）则途中阴影部分的面积为（）平方厘米。
mba考试综合试题及答案
mba考试综合试题及答案MBA考试综合试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. 以下哪项不是现代企业战略管理的特点？A. 长期性B. 动态性C. 短期性D. 系统性答案：C2. 财务杠杆效应是指：A. 企业通过借款来增加收益B. 企业通过提高产品价格来增加收益C. 企业通过减少成本来增加收益D. 企业通过提高销售额来增加收益答案：A3. 市场营销中，4Ps理论包括以下哪些要素？A. 产品、价格、地点、促销B. 产品、价格、促销、公共关系C. 产品、价格、地点、公共关系D. 产品、价格、地点、服务答案：A4. 以下哪个不是SWOT分析中的内容？A. Strengths（优势）B. Weaknesses（劣势）C. Opportunities（机会）D. Resources（资源）答案：D5. 以下哪项不是企业社会责任（CSR）的范畴？A. 经济责任B. 法律责任C. 道德责任D. 环境责任答案：D...（此处省略剩余选择题）二、简答题（每题10分，共30分）1. 简述企业战略规划的基本步骤。
答案：企业战略规划的基本步骤包括：确定企业使命和愿景、分析内外部环境、确定战略目标、制定战略方案、实施战略计划、评估和调整战略。
2. 描述平衡计分卡的四个维度。
答案：平衡计分卡的四个维度包括：财务维度、客户维度、内部流程维度、学习与成长维度。
3. 解释什么是供应链管理，并简述其重要性。
答案：供应链管理是指对企业从原材料采购到产品交付给最终用户的整个流程的管理。
其重要性在于能够降低成本、提高效率、增强企业竞争力。
三、案例分析题（每题25分，共50分）1. 某公司面临激烈的市场竞争，需要制定一套有效的市场进入策略。
请分析该公司可能采取的策略，并给出你的建议。
答案：该公司可能采取的策略包括市场细分、差异化、成本领先等。
建议公司首先进行市场调研，了解目标客户的需求和偏好，然后根据公司的资源和能力，选择适合的市场细分领域，制定差异化的产品或服务，同时控制成本，以获得竞争优势。
MBA联考综合能力真题2009年(春季)
2009年春季入学MBA联考综合能力试卷一、问题求解(在每小题的五项选择中选择一项)1.2．设a，b，c为整数，且|a-b|(上标)20 +|c-a|(上标)41＝1，则|a-b|+|a-c|+|b-c|＝( )。
A．2 B．3 C．4 D．-3 E．-23．以下命题中正确的一个是( )。
A．两个数的和为正数，则这两个数都是正数B．两个数的差为负数，则这两个数都是负数C．两个数中较大的一个其绝对值也较大D．加上一个负数，等于减去这个数的绝对值E．一个数的2倍大于这个数本身4．一个大于1的自然数的算术平方根为d，则与这个自然数左右相邻的两个自然数的算术平方根分别为( )。
5．右图中，若△ABC的面积为1，△AEC、△DEC、△BED的面积相等，则△AED的面积＝( )。
6．若以连续掷两枚骰子分别得到的点数a与b作为点M的坐标，则点M落入圆x(上标)2+y(上标)2＝18内(不含圆周)的概率是( )。
7．过点A(2，0)向圆x(上标)2+y(上标)2＝1作两条切线AM和AN(见右图)，则两切线和弧MN所围成的面积(图中阴影部分)为( )。
8．某学生在解方程时，误将式中的x+1看成x-1，得出的解为x＝1。
那么a的值和原方程的解应是( )。
A．a＝1，x＝-7 B．a＝2，x＝5 C．a＝2，x＝7D．a＝5，x＝2 E．a＝5，x＝9．某班同学参加智力竞赛，共有A，B，C三题，每题或得0分或得满分。
竞赛结果无人得0分，三题全部答对的有1人，答对2题的有15人。
答对A题的人数和答对B题的人数之和为29人，答对A题的人数和答对C题的人数之和为25人，答对B题的人数和答对C题的人数之和为20人，那么该班的人数为( )。
A．20 B．25 C．30 D．35 E．4010．|3x+2|+2x(上标)2 -12xy+18y(上标)2＝0，则2y-3x＝( )。
11．一批救灾物资分别随16列货车从甲站紧急调到600公里以外的乙站，每列车的平均速度都为125公里/小时。
9MBA英语真题及答案详解
2009年MBA联考英语真题及参考答案Part I Vocabulary and Structure (10%)Direction: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil.1. The poor lady was too and distressed to talk about the tragedy.A. engagedB. exhaustedC. ignorantD. energetic2. At fist , the famous painting doesn’t impress the audience at all.A. glanceB. gazeC. stareD. view3. Delegates agree to the plan in , but there were some details they didn’t approve.A. disciplineB. theoryC. principleD. nature4. I took the medicine 10minutes ago, but the bitterness is still in my mouth.A. scatteringB. fellingC. maintainingD. lingering5. Since the of human history, human beings have been asking questions like "What is the essence of life."A. duskB. dustC. twinkle C. Dawn6. The eldest son all the family members to discuss how to celebrate the 50th weddinganniversary of their parents.A. ClusteredB. resembledC. assembledD. rendered7. I must leave now, ,if you want that book I’LL bring it you tomorrow .A. AccidentallyB. IncidentallyC. OccasionallyD. Subsequently8. My mother is a light sleeper, to any sound even as low as the humming of mosquito.A. alertB. acuteC. keenD. immune9. The newly built factory is in urgent need of a number of skilled and workers.A. consistentB. consciousC. confidentialD. conscientious10. As an outstanding scholar, he has become to the research team.A. seniorB. juniorC. indispensible C. independent11. Sixteen days after the earthquake, 40people, in their village, were rescued.A. trappedB. confinedC. enclosedD. captured12. Working far away from home, Jerry had to from downtown to his office everyday.A. wanderB. commuteC. rambleD. motion13. The finance minister has not been so since he raised taxes to an unbearable level.A. famousB. favorableC. popularD. preferable14. It is unimaginable for someone in such a high in the govemment to behave so badly in public.A. situationB. positionC. professionD. appointment15. Information given to employees must be , clear and in easy-to-follow language.A．convenient B．continuousC．constant D．concise16. John was very upset because he was by the police with breaking the law.A. sentencedB. arrestedC. accusedD. charged17. David likes country life and has decided farming.A. go in forB. go back onC. go along withD. go through with18. Jennifer has never really her son’s death. It’s very hard to accept the face that she’llnever have a child.A. come to terms withB. come up againstC. come out withD. come down to19. A national debate is now about whether we should replace golden weeks with paidVacations.A. in the wayB. by the wayC. under wayD. out of the way20. When a psychologist does a general experiment about the human mind, he selects peopleand asks them questions.A. at easeB. at randomB. in essence D. in sumIn1999, the price of oil hovered around $16 a barrel. By 2008, it had 21 the $100 a barrel mark. The reasons for the surge 22 from the dramatic growth of the economies of china and India to widespread 23 in oil-producing regions, including Iraq and Nigeria’s delta region. Triple-digit oil prices have 24 the economic and political map of the world, 25 some old notions of power. Oil-rich nations are enjoying historic gains and opportunities, 26 major importers—including chinaand India, home to a third of the world’s population-- 27 rising economic and social costs.Managing this new order is fast becoming a central 28 of global politics. Countries that need oil are clawing at each other to 29 scarce supplies, and are willing to deal with any government, 30 how unpleasant, to do it .In many poor nations with oil , the profits are being ,lost to corruption, 31 these countries of their best hope for development. And oil is fueling enormous investment funds run by foreign governments, 32 some in the west see as a new threat.Countries like Russia, V enezuela and Iran are well supplied with rising oil 33, a change reflected in newly aggressive foreign policies. But some unexpected countries are reaping benefits, 34 costs, from higher prices. Consider Germany. 35 it imports virtually all its oil, it has prospered from extensive trade with a booming Russia and the Middle East. German exports to Russia 36 128 percent from 2001 to 2006.In the United States, as already high gas prices rose 37 higher in the spring of 2008,the issue cropped up in the presidential campaign, with Senators McCain and Obama 38 for a federal gas tax holiday during the peak summer driving months. And driving habits began to 39 ,as sales of small cars jumped and mass transport systems 40 the country reported a sharp increase in riders.21. A. come B. gone C. crossed D. arrived22. A. covered B. discovered C. arranged D. ranged23. A. intensity B. infinity C. insecurity D. instability24. A. drawn B. redrawn C. retained D. reviewed25. A. fighting B. struggling C. challenging D. threatening26. A. and B. while C. thus D. though27. A. confine B. conflict C. conform D. confront28. A. problem B. question C. matter D. event29. A. look for B. lock up C. send out D. keep off30. A. no matter B. what if C. only if D. in spite of31. A. abolishing B. depriving C. destroying D. eliminating32. A. what B. that C. which D. whom33. A. interests B. taxes C. incomes D. revenues34. A. as many as B. as good as C. as far as D. as well as35. A. Although B. Because C. Since D. As36. A. advanced B. grew C. reduces D. multiplied37. A. even B. still C. rather D. fairly38. A. asking B. requesting C. calling D. demanding39. A. change B. turn C. shift D. transform40. A. for B. from C. across D. overPart III Reading Comprehension (40%)Direction: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Youshould decide on the best choice. Then blacken the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a pencil.PASSAGE1.Henric Ibsen ,author of the play"A Doll’s House", in which a pretty, helpless housewife abandonsHer husband and children to seek a more serious life, would surely have approved.. From January Ist ,2008, all public companies in Norway are obliged to ensure that at least 40% of their board directors arewomen. Most firms have obeyed the law, which was passed in 2003.But about 75 out of the 480 or socompanies it affects are still too male for the government’s liking. They will shortly receive a letterinforming them that they have until the end of February to act , or face the legal consequences---whichcould include being dissolved.Before the law was proposed, about 7% of board members in Norway were female , according to the Centre for Corporate Diversity .The number has since jumped to 36%. That is far higher than the average of 9% for big companies across Europe or America’s 15% for the Fortune 500.Norway’s stock exchange and its main business lobby oppose the law, as do many businessmen." I am against quotas for women or men as a matter of principle," says Sverre Munck , head of international operations at a media firm. "Board members of public companies should be chosen solely on the basis of merit and experience,"be says. Several firms have even given up their public status in order to escape the new law.Companies have had to recruit about 1,000 women in four years. Many complain that it has beenDifficult to find experienced candidates. Because of this, some of the best women have collected as many as 25-35 directorships each, and are known in Norwegian business circles as the "golden skirts". One reason for the scarcity is that there are fairly few women in management in Norwegian companies---they occupy around 15% of senior positions. It has been particularly hard for firms in the oil, technology and financial industries to find women with a enough experience.Some people worry that their relative lack of experience may keep women quiet onboards, and thatIn turn could mean that boards might become less able to hold managers to account. Recent history in Norway, however, suggests that the right women can make strong directors. "Women feel more compelled than men to do their homework," says Ms Reksten Skaugen , who was voted Norway’s chairman of the year for 2007, "and we can afford to ask the hard questions, because women are not always expected to know the answers."41. The author mentions Ibsen’s play in the first paragraph in order to .A. depict women’s dilemma at workB. explain the newly passed lawC. support Norwegian governmentD. introduce the topic under discussion42. A public company that fails to obey the new law could be forced to .A. pay a heavy fineB. close down its businessC. change to a private businessD. sign a document promising to act43. To which of the following is Sverre Munck most likely to agree?A. A set ratio of women in a board is unreasonable.B. A reasonable quota for women at work needs to be set.C. A common principle should be followed by all companies.D. An inexperienced businessman is not subject to the new law.44.The author attributes the phenomenon of "golden skirts" to .A. the small number of qualified females in managementB. the over-recruitment of female managers in public companiesC. the advantage women enjoy when competing for senior positionsD. the discrimination toward women in Norwegian business circles45. The main idea of the passage might be .A. female power and liberation in NorwayB. the significance of Henric Ibsen’s playC. women’s status in Norwegian firmsD. the constitution of board members in NorwayPASSAGE2.While there’s never a good age to get cancer, people in their 20s and 30s can feel particularly isolated. The average age of a cancer patient at diagnosis is 67. Children with cancer often are treated at pediatric (小儿科的) cancer centers, but young adults have a tough time finding peers, often sitting side-by-side during treatments with people who could be their grandparents.In her new book Crazy Sexy Cancer Tips, writer Kris Carr looks at cancer from the perspective of a young adult who confronts death just as she’s discovering life. Ms. Carr was 31 when she was diagnosed with a rare from of cancer that had generated tumors on her liver and lungs.Ms. Carr reacted with the normal feelings of shock and sadness. She called her parents and stocked up on organic food, determined to become a "full-time healing addict." Then she picked up the phone and called everyone in her address book, asking if they knew other young women with cancer. The result was her own personal "cancer posse": a rock concert tour manager, a model, a fashion magazine editor, a cartoonist and a MTV celebrity, to name a few. This club of "cancer babes" offered support, advice and fashion tips, among other things.Ms. Carr put her cancer experience in a recent Learning Channel documentary, and she has written a practical guide about how she coped. Cancer isn’t funny, but Ms. Carr often is. She swears, she makes up names for the people who treat her ( Dr. Fabulous and Dr. Guru ), and she even makes second sound fun ("cancer road trips," she calls them).She leaves the medical advice to doctors, instead offering insightful and practical tips that reflect the world view of a young adult. "I refused to let cancer ruin my party," she writes. " Thereare just too many cool things to do and plan and live for."Ms. Carr still has cancer, but it has stopped progressing. Her cancer tips include using time-saving mass e-mails to keep friends informed, sewing or buying fashionable hospital gowns so you’re not stuck with regulation blue or gray and playing Gloria Ga ynor’s "I Will Survive" so loud you neighbors call the police. Ms. Carr also advises an eyebrow wax and a new outfit before you tell the important people in your illness. " people you tell are going to cautious and not so cautiously try to see the cancer, so dazzle them instead with your miracle," she writes.While her advice may sound superficial, it gets to the heart of what every cancer patient wants: the chance to live life just as she always did, and maybe better.46. Which of the following groups is more vulnerable to cancer?A. Children.B. People in their 20s and 30s.C. Young adults.D. Elderly people.47. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT _______.A. Kris Carr is a female writerB. Kris Carr is more than 31-year-old.C. Kris Carr works in a cancer center.D. Kris Carr is very optimistic.48. The phrase "cancer posse" (Line 4, para.3 ) probably refers to ________A. a cancer research organizationB. a group of people who suffer from cancerC. people who have recovered from cancerD. people who cope with cancer49. Kris Carr make up names for the people who treat her because ________A. she is depressed and likes swearingB. she is funny and likes playing jokes on doctorC. she wants to leave the medical advice to doctorD. she tries to leave a good impression on doctor50. From Kris Carr’s cancer tips we may infer that ________A. she learned to use e-mails after she got cancerB. she wears fashionable dress even after suffering from cancerC. hospital gowns for cancer patients are usually not in bright colorsD. the neighbors are very friendly with cancer patientsPASSAGE3。
2009年MBA联考逻辑真题及答案
2009年MBA联考逻辑真题及答案（一）三、逻辑推理：本大题共30小题，每小题2分，共60分。
下面每题所给出的五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的。
请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑。
26. 某中学发现有学生课余用扑克玩带有赌博性质的游戏，因此规定学生不得带扑克进入学校，不过即使是硬币，也可以用作赌具，但禁止学生带硬币进入学校是不可思议的，因此，禁止学生带扑克进学校是荒谬的。
以下哪项如果为真，最能削弱上述论证？A.禁止带扑克进学校不能阻止学生在校外赌博。
B.硬币作为赌具远不如扑克方便。
C.很难查明学生是否带扑克进学校。
D.赌博不但败坏校风，而且影响学生学习成绩。
E.有的学生玩扑克不涉及赌博。
27. 甲.乙.丙和丁进入某围棋邀请赛半决赛，最后要决出一名冠军。
张.王和李三人对结果作了如下预测：张：冠军不是丙。
王：冠军是乙。
李：冠军是甲。
已知张.王.李三个中恰有一人的预测正确，以下哪项为真。
A.冠军是甲。
B.冠军是乙。
C.冠军是丙。
D.冠军是丁。
E.无法确定冠军是谁。
28. 除非年龄在50岁以下，并且能持续游泳三千米以上，否则不能参加下个月举行的花样横渡长江活动。
同时，高血压和心脏病患者不能参加。
老黄能持续游泳三千米以上，但没被批准参加这项活动。
以上断定能推出以下哪项结论？Ⅰ老黄的年龄至少50岁。
Ⅱ老黄患有高血压。
Ⅲ老黄患有心脏病。
A. 只有Ⅰ。
B. 只有Ⅱ。
C. 只有Ⅲ。
D. Ⅰ.Ⅱ和Ⅲ至少一个。
E. Ⅰ.ⅡⅢ都不能从题干推出。
29．一项对西部山区小塘村的调查发现，小塘村约五分之三的儿童入中学后出现中度以上的近视，而他们的父母及祖辈，没有机会到正规学校接受教育，很少出现近视。
以下哪项作为上述断定的结论最为恰当？A. 接受文化教育是造成近视的原因。
B. 只有在儿童期接受正式教育才易于成为近视。
C. 阅读和课堂作业带来的视觉压力必然造成儿童的近视。
D. 文化教育的发展和近视现象的出现有密切关系。
E. 小塘村约五分之二的儿童是文盲。
2009年10月MBA真题及详解【圣才出品】
2009年10月MBA真题及详解一、请分析下面的论证在概念、论证方法、论据及结论等方面的有效性。
600字左右。
民主集中制是一种决策机制。
在这种机制中，民主和集中是缺一不可的两个基本点。
民主不外乎就是体现多数人的意志。
问题在于什么是集中。
对此有两种解读，一种认为“集中”就是集中正确的意见；另一种认为“集中”就是集中多数人的意见。
第一种解读看似有理，实际上是一种误解。
大家都知道，五四运动有两面旗帜，一面是科学，一面是民主。
人们也许没有想到，这两面旗帜体现的是两种根本对立的原则。
科学强调真理原则，谁对听谁的；民主强调多数原则，谁占多数听谁的。
所谓“集中正确的意见”，就是强调真理原则。
这样解读“集中”就会把民主集中制置于自相矛盾的境地。
让我们想象一种情景：多数人的意见是错误的，少数人的意见正确。
如果将“集中”解读为“集中正确的意见”，则不按多数人的意见办就不“民主”，按多数人的意见办就不“集中”。
毛泽东有一句：“真理往往掌握在少数人手里”。
把集中解释为集中正确意见，就为少数人说了算提供了依据。
如果这样，民主岂不形同虚设？什么是正确的，要靠实践检验，而判断一项决策是否正确，只能在决策实施之后的实践中检验，不可能在决策过程中完成。
不知道什么是正确的，如何“集中正确意见”来做决策？既然在决策中集中正确的意见是不可能的，民主集中制的“集中”当然就应该是集中多数人的意见。
（论证有效性分析的一般要点是：概念特别是核心概念的界定和使用是否准确并前后一致，有无各种明显的逻辑错误，该论证的论据是否支持结论，论据成立的条件是否充分等。
要注意分析的内容深度、逻辑结构和语言表达。
）【真题详解】1．文中说科学与民主体现的是两种根本对立的原则，此说法太过绝对且缺乏充分论据。
事物是普遍联系的，科学与民主相互并进，密切联系。
首先，科学是民主的。
科学所反映的事实须是客观的，切不可由少数人主观臆断；科学具有进步性，连续性，后人可以根据前人的所得，继续进步，科学不但不能是一个人或少数人的，实际上也不是一个人或少数人的；科学具有普利性，科学的收获可以遍益一切人或大多数人，是为大众服务的。
2009年管理类专业学位联考综合能力试题(MBA数学真题)及答案含考点解析
2009年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试管理类专业学位联考 综合能力试题（数学真题）2009-1-10一、问题求解：第1~15小题，每小题3分，共45分。
下列每题给出的A 、B 、C 、D 、E 五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的。
请在答题卡．．．上将所选项的字母涂黑。
1、一家商店为回收资金，把甲、乙两件商品以480元一件卖出，已知甲商品赚了20%，乙商品亏了20%，则商店盈亏结果为（ ）A.不亏不赚B.亏了50元C.赚了50元D.赚了40元E.亏了40元2、某国参加北京奥运会的男女运动员的比例原为19:12，由于先增加若干名女运动员，使男女运动员的比例变为20:13，后又增加了若干名男运动员，于是男女运动员比例最终变为30:19，如果后增加的男运动员比先增加的女运动员多3人，则最后运动员的总人数为（ ） A.686 B.637 C.700 D.661 E.6003、某工厂定期购买一种原料，已知该厂每天需用该原料6吨，每吨价格1800元，原料的保管等费用平均每天每吨3元，每次购买原料需支付运费900元，若该工厂要使平均每天支付的总费用最省，则应该每（ ）天购买一次原料.A.11B.10C.9D.8E.74、在某实验中，三个试管各盛水若干克.现将浓度为12%的盐水10克倒入A 管中，混合后取10克倒入B 管中，混合后再取10克倒入C 管中，结果C B A 、、三个试管中盐水的浓度分别为6%，2%，0.5%，那么三个试管中原来盛水最多的试管及其盛水量各是（ ）A. A 试管，10克B. B 试管，20克C. C 试管，30克D. B 试管，40克E. C 试管，50克5、一艘轮船往返航行于甲、乙两个码头之间，若船在静水中的速度不变，则当这条河的水流速度增加50%时，往返一次所需的时间比原来将（ ）A.增加B.减少半个小时C.不变D.减少一个小时E.无法判断6、方程412=+-x x 的根是（ ）A.15=-=x x 或B.15-==x x 或C.353-==x x 或D.353=-=x x 或 E.不存在7、)0(032≠=++c c bx x 的两个根βα、，如果以αββα、+为根的一元二次方程是032=+-c bx x ，则b 和c 分别为（ ）A.2,6B.3,4C.-2，-6D.-3，-6E.以上结果都不正确8、n n n x na x a x a x x x )1()1(2)1()1()1()1(2212-+⋅⋅⋅+-+-=++⋅⋅⋅++++， 则=+⋅⋅⋅+++n na a a a 32132（ ）A.213-nB.2131--nC.2331-+nD.233-nE.433-n9、在36人中，血型情况如下：A 型12人，B 型10人，AB 型8人，O 型6人，若从中随机选出两人，则两人血型相同的概率是（ ）A.31577B.31544C.31533D.1229E.以上结论都不正确10、湖中有四个小岛，它们的位置恰好近似构成正方形的四个顶点，若要修建起三座桥将这四个小岛连接起来，则不同的建桥方案有（ ）种A.12B.16C.18D.20E.2411、若数列{}n a 中，)1(0≥≠n a n ，211=a ，前n 项和n S 满足)2(1222≥-=n S S a n nn ，则⎭⎬⎫⎩⎨⎧n S 1是（ ）A.首项为2，公比为21的等比数列 B.首项为2，公比为2的等比数列 C.既非等差数列也非等比数列 D.首项为2，公差为21的等差数列E.首项为2，公差为2的等差数列12、直角三角形ABC 的斜边AB=13厘米，直角边AC=5厘米，把AC 对折到AB 上去与斜边相重合，点C 与点E 重合，折痕为AD （如图），则图中阴影部分的面积为（ ） A.20 B.340 C.338D.14E.1213、设直线1)1(=++y n nx （n 为正整数）与两坐标轴围成的三角形面积为)2009,,2,1(⋅⋅⋅=n S n ，则=+⋅⋅⋅++200921S S S （ ）A.2008200921⨯B.2009200821⨯C.2010200921⨯D.2009201021⨯ E.以上结论都不正确14、若圆1)1()1(:22=-++y x C 与x 轴交于A 点，与y 轴交于B 点，则与此圆相切于劣弧AB 中点M （注：小于半圆的弧称为劣弧）的切线方程是（ ）A.22-+=x yB.211-+=x y C.211+-=x yD.22+-=x yE.21-+=x y15、已知实数y x b a ,,,满足212a x y -=-+和212b y x --=-，则=+++b a y x 33（ ）A.25B.26C.27D.28E.29二、条件充分性判断：第16~25小题，每小题3分，共30分。
2009年10月MBA联考逻辑真题及答案汇总
2009年10月在职MBA联考逻辑真题及答案解析26.张先生：常年吸烟可能有害健康。
李女士：你的结论反映了公众的一种误解。
我的祖父活了96岁，但他从年轻时就一直吸烟。
以下哪项最为恰当地指出了李女士反驳中存在的漏洞？A.试图依靠一个反例推翻一个一般性结论。
B.试图诉诸个例在不相关的现象之间建立因果联系。
C.试图运用一个反例反驳一个可能性结论。
D.不当地依据个人经验挑战流行见解。
E.忽视了这种可能：她的祖父如果不常年吸烟可以更为长寿。
参考答案：D27.林斌一周工作五天，除非这周内有法定休假日。
上周林斌工作了六天。
如果上述断定为真，以下哪项一定为真？A.上周可能有也可能没有法定休假日。
B.上周林斌至少有一天在法定工作日上班。
C.上周一定有法定休假日。
D.上周一定没有法定休假日。
E.以上各项都不一定为真。
参考答案：A28.一批人报考电影学院。
其中，（1）有些考生通过了初试。
（2）有些考生没有通过初试。
（3）何梅和方宁没有通过初试。
如果上述三个断定中只有一个为真，以下哪项关于这批考生的断定一定为真？A.何梅通过了初试，但方宁没通过。
B.方宁通过了初试，但何梅没通过。
C.所有考生都通过了初试。
D.所有考生都没有通过初试。
E.以上各选项都不一定为真参考答案：A29.地球所在的太阳系的八大行星中，存在生命的就占了八分之一。
按照这个比例，考虑到宇宙中存在数量巨大的行星，因此，宇宙中有生命的天体的数量一定是极其巨大的。
以上论证的漏洞在于，不加证明就预先假设A.一个天体如果与地球类似，就一定存在生命。
B.一个星系，如果与太阳系类似，就一定恰有八个行星。
C.太阳系的行星与宇宙中的许多行星类似。
D.类似于地球上的生命可以在条件迥异的其它行星上生存。
E.地球是最适合生命存在的行星。
参考答案：C30.小李考上了清华，或者小孙未考上北大。
如果小张考上北大，则小孙也考上北大；如果小张未考上北大，则小李考上了清华。
如果上述断定为真，则以下哪项一定为真？A.小李考上了清华。
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一、问题求解（第1-15小题，每小题3分，共45分。
下列每题给出的A、B、C、D、E 五个选项中，只有一项是符合试题要求的。
请在答题卡上将所选项字母涂黑。
）1．已知某车间的男工人数比女工人数多80%，若在该车间一次技术考核中全体工人的平均成绩为75分，而女工平均成绩比男工平均成绩高20%，则女工的平均成绩为（）分。
A. 88B. 86C. 84D. 82E.802．某人在市场上买猪肉，小贩称得肉重为4斤。
但此人不放心，拿出一个自备的100克重的砝码，将肉和砝码放在一起让小贩用原称复称，结果重量为4.25斤。
由此可知顾客应要求小贩补猪肉( )两。
A. 3B. 6C. 4D. 7E.83．甲、乙两商店某种商品的进货价格都是200元，甲店以高于进货价格20%的价格出售，乙店以高于进货价格15%的价格出售，结果乙店的售出件数是甲店的2倍。
扣除营业税后乙店的利润比甲店多5400元。
若设营业税率是营业额的5%，那么甲、乙两店售出该商品各为（）件。
A. 450,900B. 500,1000C. 550,1100D. 600,1200E. 650,13004．甲、乙两人在环形跑道上跑步，他们同时从起点出发，当方向相反时每隔48秒相遇一次，当方向相同时每隔10分钟相遇一次。
若甲每分钟比乙快40米，则甲、乙两人的跑步速度分别是（）米/分。
A. 470,430B. 380,340C. 370,330D. 280,240E. 270，2305．一艘小轮船上午8：00起航逆流而上（设船速和水流速度一定），中途船上一块木板落入水中，直到8：50船员才发现这块重要的木板丢失，立即调转船头去追，最终于9：20追上木板。
由上述数据可以算出木板落水的时间是（）。
A. 8:35B. 8:30C. 8:25D. 8:20E. 8:156．若是有理数，且满足，则的值分别为（）。
A. 1,3B. -1, 2C. -1, 3D. 1,2E. 以上结论都不正确7．设与之和的倒数的2007次方等于1，的相反数与之和的倒数的2009次方也等于1。
则（）。
A. -1B. 2C. 1D. 0E.8．设，其中，则对于满足的值，的最小值是（）。
A. 10B. 15C. 20D. 25E. 309．若关于的二次方程有两个实根、，且满足和，则的取值范围是（）。
A. B. C. D. 或 E. 或10．一个球从100米高处自由落下，每次着地后又跳回前一次高度的一半再落下。
当它第10次着地时，共经过的路程是（）米。
（精确到1米且不计任何阻力）A. 300B. 250C. 200D. 150E. 10011．曲线上的点到直线的最短距离是（）。
A. B. C. 1 D. E.12．曲线所围成的图形的面积为（）。
A. B. C. 1 D. 2 E. 413．如图所示，向放在水槽底部的口杯注水（流量一定），注满口杯后继续注水，直到注满水槽，水槽中水平面上升高度h与注水时间t之间的\函数关系大致是（）。
h14．若将10只相同的球随机放入编号为1、2、3、4的四个盒子中，则每个盒子不空的投放方法有（）A. 72B. 84C. 96D. 108E. 12015．若以连续两次掷色子得到的点数和作为点P的坐标，则点P 落在直线和两坐标轴围成的三角形内的概率为（）。
A. B. C. D. E.二、条件充分性判断：第16-25小题，每小题3分，共30分。
要求判断每题给出的条件（1）和（2）能否充分支持题干所陈述的结论。
A、B、C、D、E 五个选项为判断结果，请选择一项符合试题要求的判断。
请在答题卡上将所选项的字母涂黑。
(A) 条件(1)充分，但条件(2)不充分(B) 条件(2)充分，但条件(1)不充分(C) 条件(1)和(2)都不充分，但联合起来充分(D) 条件(1)充分，条件(2)也充分(E) 条件(1)和(2)都不充分，联合起来也不充分16．的最大值是133.（1）是大于1的自然数，且=2700（2）是大于1的自然数，且=200017．二次三项式是多项式的一个因式。
（1）（2）18．。
（1）满足（2）满足19．。
（1）（2）为不全相等的正数20．关于的方程与有相同的增根。
（1）（2）21．关于的方程至少有一个整数根。
（1）（2）22．等差数列的前18项和。
（1），（2），23．是等边三角形。
（1）的三边满足（2）的三边满足24．圆与圆相切。
（1）（2）25．命中来犯敌机的概率是99%。
（1）每枚导弹命中率为0.6 （2）至多同时向来犯敌机发射4枚导弹三、逻辑推理（每小题2分，共60分，从下面每小题所列的5个备选答案中选择一个，多选为错。
）26.张先生：常年吸烟可能有害健康。
李女士：你的结论反映了公众的一种误解。
我的祖父活了96岁，但他从年轻时就一直吸烟。
以下哪项最为恰当地指出了李女士反驳中存在的漏洞？A.试图依靠一个反例推翻一个一般性结论。
B.试图诉诸个例在不相关的现象之间建立因果联系。
C.试图运用一个反例反驳一个可能性结论。
D.不当地依据个人经验挑战流行见解。
E.忽视了这种可能：她的祖父如果不常年吸烟可以更为长寿。
27.林斌一周工作五天，除非这周内有法定休假日。
上周林斌工作了六天。
如果上述断定为真，以下哪项一定为真？A.上周可能有也可能没有法定休假日。
B.上周林斌至少有一天在法定工作日上班。
C.上周一定有法定休假日。
D.上周一定没有法定休假日。
E.以上各项都不一定为真。
28.一批人报考电影学院。
其中，（1）有些考生通过了初试。
（2）有些考生没有通过初试。
（3）何梅和方宁没有通过初试。
如果上述三个断定中只有一个为真，以下哪项关于这批考生的断定一定为真？A.何梅通过了初试，但方宁没通过。
B.方宁通过了初试，但何梅没通过。
C.所有考生都通过了初试。
D.所有考生都没有通过初试。
E.以上各选项都不一定为真29.地球所在的太阳系的八大行星中，存在生命的就占了八分之一。
按照这个比例，考虑到宇宙中存在数量巨大的行星，因此，宇宙中有生命的天体的数量一定是极其巨大的。
以上论证的漏洞在于，不加证明就预先假设A.一个天体如果与地球类似，就一定存在生命。
B.一个星系，如果与太阳系类似，就一定恰有八个行星。
C.太阳系的行星与宇宙中的许多行星类似。
D.类似于地球上的生命可以在条件迥异的其它行星上生存。
E.地球是最适合生命存在的行星。
30. 小李考上了清华，或者小孙未考上北大。
如果小张考上北大，则小孙也考上北大；如果小张未考上北大，则小李考上了清华。
如果上述断定为真，则以下哪项一定为真？A.小李考上了清华。
B.小张考上了北大。
C.小李未考上清华。
D.小张未考上北大。
E.以上断定都不一定为真。
31.张珊有合法和非法概念，但没有道德上对与错的概念。
他由于自己的某个行为受到起诉。
尽管他承认自己的行为是违法的，但却不知道这一行为事实上是不道德的。
上述断定能恰当地推出以下哪项结论？A.张珊做了某种违法的事。
B.张珊做了某种不道德的事。
C.张珊是法律专业的毕业生。
D.非法的行为不可能合乎道德。
E.对于法律来说，道德上的无知不能成为借口。
32.大投资的所谓巨片的票房收入，一般是影片制作与商业宣传总成本的二至三倍。
但是电影产业的年收入大部分来自中小投资的影片。
以下哪项如果为真，最能解释题干的现象？A.大投资的巨片中确实不乏精品。
B.大投资巨片的票价明显高于中小投资影片。
C.对观众的调查显示，大投资巨片的平均受欢迎程度不高于中小投资影片。
D.票房收入不是评价影片质量的主要标准。
E.投入市场的影片中，大部分是中小投资的影片。
33. 在欧洲历史上，封建主义这一概念在出现时首先假设了贵族阶级的存在。
但是，除非贵族的封号和世袭地位受到法律的确认，否则，严格意义上的贵族阶级就不可能存在。
虽然欧洲的封建主义早在公元八世纪就存在，但是，直到十二世纪，贵族世袭才开始受到法律确认。
而到了十二世纪，不少欧洲国家的封建制度已走向衰弱。
如果上述断定为真，则以下哪项一定为真？Ⅰ在欧洲历史上，封建主义这一概念存在不同定义Ⅱ如果一个国家通过法律确认贵族的封号和世袭地位，则这个国家一定存在严格意义上的贵族阶级Ⅲ封建国家中可能不存在严格意义上的贵族阶级A.只有ⅠB.只有ⅡC.只有ⅢD.只有Ⅰ和ⅢE. Ⅰ、Ⅱ、和Ⅲ34.董事长：如果提拔小李，就不提拔小孙。
以下哪项符合董事长的意思？A.如果不提拔小孙，就要提拔小李B.不能小李和小孙都提拔C.不能小李和小孙都不提拔D.除非提拔小李，否则不提拔小孙E.只有提拔小孙，才提拔小李35.贾女士：在英国，根据长子继承权的法律，男人的第一个妻子生的第一个儿子有首先继承家庭财产的权利。
陈先生：你说得不对。
布朗公爵夫人就合法地继承了她父亲的全部财产。
以下哪项对陈先生所作断定的评价最为恰当？A.陈先生的断定是对贾女士的反驳，因为他举出了一个反例B.陈先生的断定是对贾女士的反驳，因为他揭示了长子继承权性别歧视的实质C.陈先生的断定不能构成对贾女士的反驳，因为任何法律都不可能得到完全的实施D.陈先生的断定不能构成对贾女士的反驳，因为他对布朗夫人继承父产的合法性并未给予论证E.陈先生的断定不能构成对贾女士的反驳，因为他把贾女士的话误解为只有儿子才有权继承财产。
36. 最近发现，19世纪80年代保存的海鸟标本的羽毛中，汞的含量仅为目前同一品种活鸟的羽毛汞含量的一半。
由于海鸟羽毛中汞的积累是海鸟吃鱼所导致，这就表明现在海鱼中汞的含量比100多年前要高。
以下哪项是上述论证的假设？A.进行羽毛汞含量检测的海鸟处于相同年龄段B.海鱼的汞含量取决于其活动海域的污染程度C.来源于鱼的汞被海鸟吸收后，残留在羽毛中的含量会随时间的变化而改变D.在海鸟的食物结构中，海鱼所占的比例，在19世纪80年代并不比现在高E.用于海鸟标本制作和保存的方法并没有显著减少海鸟羽毛中的贡含量37.据某国卫生部门统计，2004年全国糖尿病患者中，年轻人不到10%，70%为肥胖者。
这说明，肥胖将极大增加患糖尿病的危险。
以下哪项如果为真，将严重削弱上述结论？A.医学已经证明，肥胖是心血管病的重要诱因B.2004年，该国的肥胖者的人数比1994年增加了70%C.2004年，肥胖者在该国中老年中所占的比例超过60%D. 2004年，该国年轻人中的肥胖者所占的比例，比1994年提高了30%E. 2004年，该国糖尿病的发病率比1994年降低了20%38.所有错误决策都不可能不付出代价，但有的错误决策可能不造成严重后果。
如果上述断定为真，则以下哪项一定为真？A.有的正确决策也可能付出代价，但所有的正确决策都不可能造成严重后果B.有的错误决策必然要付出代价，但所有的错误决策都不一定造成严重后果C.所有的正确决策都不可能付出代价，但有的正确决策也可能造成严重后果D.有的错误决策必然要付出代价，但所有的错误决策都可能不造成严重后果E.所有的错误决策都必然要付出代价，但有的错误决策不一定造成严重后果39. 研究表明，严重失眠者90%爱喝浓茶。