中考英语英语专题复习之动词

b)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，有时意义不尽相同。如：
Wash your hands before meals.饭前要洗手。Does this cloth wash well?这布经得起洗吗?
2.系动词，亦称连系动词（Linking Verb），是用来帮助说明主语的动词。它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，其后必须跟形容词、名词等作表语，构成系表结构，说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。
You must learn English well.（主动语态）English must be learned well ( by you).（被动语态）
4.非谓语动词
动词的基本用法是作谓语。当句中已经有了谓语动词了，要选或要填的动词就只能用非谓语形式了。
非谓语形式有三种：
1、动词不定式：
to do
动词的语态被动语态非谓语动词的形式：
动词不定式、动名词、分词主谓一致性原则：
意义一致、语法一致、就近原则系动词
三、动词可分为四类：
行为动词（实义动词）、连系动词、情态动词和助动词
1.行为(实义)动词：
实义动词意义完整，能够独立作谓语。根据其在句中是否需要宾语，又可细分为：
及物动词和不及物动词。
(1)及物动词(vt.)：
两种不同的情况：
a)兼作及物动词和不及物动词时，意义不变。试比较：
Shall I begin at once?我可以立刻开始吗?(begin作不及物动词)
She began working as a librarian after she left school.她毕业后当图书馆管理员。(began作及物动词)When did they leave Chicago?他们是什么时候离开芝加哥的？(leave作及物动词)They left last week.他们是上周离开的。(left作不及物动词)
A. is cleaned
B. clean
C. cleans
D. cleaned
()
4. ___ the project as planned，we’ll have to work two more hours a day.
A. Completing
B. Complete
C. Completed
()
C. take
D. had
()
15. Hurry up! The play ____for twenty minutes.
A. has begun
B. had begun
C. has been on
D. began
二．填空（用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。）
1.He walked up and down, ____(lose) in thought.
5. --- Do you take exercise every day?--- Yes, I always___ thirty minutes after supper.
A. pay
B. cost
C. take
D. spend
()
6. --- What do you think of the 4G mobile phone?
4.____(give) more time, the slow learners would have done better.
5.The police had everybody ____(write) down his name and address.
6.The police office had every detail ____(write) down.
c. need可作情态动词，也可作行为动词。作情态动词时，通常用在否定句和疑问句中。
（4）助动词有：
be, do/does/did , have/has/had(完成时态中), shall, will等,本身没有词义，它们和其他行为动词一起构成各种时态、语态和语气，以及帮助完成疑问句和否定句。
2.动词的时态（写出他们的构成）
九年级英语专题四
动词
一、复习目标
1.动词的分类；
2.动词的时态和语态；
3.非谓语动词。
二、复习要点
助动词
动词的分类情态动词
及物动词
实义动词行为动词
不及物动词
原形第三人称单数的一般现在时的三种形式动词的基本形式
现在分词
过去式
过去分词一般现在时、现在进行时、现在完成时、
动词的八种基
一般过去时过去进行时、过去完成时、一般将来时、本时态过去将来时主动语态
8. Look! Who ______(help) the old lady carry the bag?
9. Her broth year.
10. It ______ (rain) hard when I _____ (leave) home yesterday.
A. had played
B. have played
C. played
D. was playing
()
11. ---Do you know when Dr. White ____for dinner this evening?
---No, but I think he ____when he is free.
B. hoping
C. to hope
D. hope
()
8. John, you needn’t do your work today, you _____ do it tomorrow if you’re tired today.
A. must
B. may
C. can’t
D. need
()
9. Dick isn’t here. He ____the park.
注意：
a. can用于一般现在时；could用于一般过去时。（能）could用在一般现在时态时，只表示语气。Could you please take out the trash?
b. must表示说话人主观认为“必须”；have to表示客观需要“不得不”。must的否定形式有needn’t(不必), mustn’t(不可以，不准)，must表示猜测时意为“一定”，否定用can’t(一定不，不可能)。
表示被动和完成。eg:
Given more time, we could do it better.
一、单项选择。
()
1. ---I can’t stop smoking , doctor.---For your health, I’m afraid you ____.
A. may
B. need
C. have to
2. ___ (attract) by the beauty of nature, the girl from London decided to spend two days on the farm.
3.Jim _________(finish) doing his homework already.
2、动词的ing :
doing
3、动词的过去分词：
done不定式：
表示目的和将要做的事；eg:
To get good grades, we must study hard.
动词的ing：
表示主动和进行；eg:
The girl came into the classroom, sing and dancing.过去分词：
D. must
()
2. ---Have you finished ____ the story book?--- Yes, I have.
A. to read
B. reading
C. reads
D. read
()
3. --- Do you often clean your classroom?---Yes, our classroom ____ twice a day.
A. has been in
B. has been to
C. have been in
D. have been to
()
14. ---What a nice watch! How long have you ____it?---About half a year.
A. bought
B. received
---Ireally like it, but I can’t ___it. It’s tooexpensive.
A. stand
B. afford
C. spend
D. refuse
()
7. He sent me an e-mail, ___ to get further information.
A. hoped
常用的连系动词有：
be(am, is, are, was were) , look, feel, sound, taste, smell, get, turn等。
eg:
He felt ill yesterday. / My dream is to be a scientist.
3.情态动词有：
can/could, may/might, should, need, must等。情态动词没有人称和时态的变化。
In England，people usually call me Jim for short.在英国，人们通常简称我Jim。
I found a small boy cry in the corner yesterday.昨天我发现一个小男孩在角落里哭。
2)不及物动词（vi.）：
不及物动词：
不能直接接宾语，没有被动式的，需加上介词才能接宾语。