英语读写复习重点.docx
(完整word版)大学英语写作教程重点
1.段落解释：is a unit of thought composed of sentences,smaller units of thought,that relate to a single topic.Paragraph divisions serve two very useful functions 2.A good paragraph is composed 组成 in such a way that it has :eachidea with nothing in the paragraph not covered by the topicit explores the main idea explicitly andconcretely,with plenty of details,examples,and explanations3.has sound internal structure.The qualities that indicate sound internal structure are unity,coherence,and completeness.4.怎样做到内容一致An excellent way of achieving unityis by means of the topic sentence.Properly used,the topic sentence forces the writer to adhere to and to sustain the point he is trying to establish5.标题句 the topic sentence properly used can achieve unity in the paragraph,which indicate the importance of the topic sentence;②the topic sentence6.第二个写作常识In short,a good topic sentence has a limited subject and a sharp focus,namely,a good topic sentence is not too general nor too narrow.A topic sentence that is too general requires much more than a paragraph to develop it.A coherence is connection and consistency.A coherent paragraph is one in which all the sentence are related logically and grammatically to make a whole that allows the reader to follow the writer’s train of thought step by step8．第三个写作常识 Just as topic sentenceshelp readers follow our ideas,other signals also help them understand what we have to say.When we write and when we revise,look for the areas that seem choppy or unconnected —that lack coherence.We can establish better coherence by using the following devices:pronoun reference,repetition ,and in a paragraph means that the topic is adequately developed by details,explanations,definitions,evidences,and the like,so that the reader is not left with only a fuzzy idea of what the writer means1第四个写作常识：Development of the main idea, then, is like enlarging a photograph to make the details clearer. So, development in the paragraph is as important as unity and coherence between skillful development helps us to stick to our subject and focus and to keep up the sense of oneness.2Inductive Pattern (归纳法概念)：In developing a paragraph by means of the inductive pattern of reasoning the writer presents particular instances of a like kind and leads them into valid generalization which serves as his topic sentence.3Deductive Pattern (演绎法概念)：In developing a paragraph by means of the deductive pattern the writer begins with a generalization(the topic sentence) and proceeds with specific elaboration or application of the general idea.4Inductive-deductive Pattern(归纳演绎法)：As the name indicates, in developing a paragraph by means of inductive-deductive pattern the writer first presents particular instances and a resulting generalization, then applies the generalization to a new instance. 5第五个写作常识：Sequences of development are not independent of types of development. The most important sequences of development are general to particular, particular to general, climactic, chronological, and spatial.6Climactic Sequence (层递顺序)：In a climactic sequence, the most intense or highest point of interest is saved for the final sentence, which may be, but is not necessarily, the topic sentence.7.Chronological Sequence (时间顺序):A chronological sequence is one in which earlier things precede later things; items are listed in the order in which they occur in time. The most obvious use of a chronological sequence is in telling a story. 8Spatial Sequence (空间顺序)：A spatial sequence is used in descriptions of various types. It starts the reader at a particular point and then moves logically in some direction, from one place to another.9第六个写作常识：The type of development is the way in which the main idea is supported-by details, definitions, statements of cause and effect, and so on.10段落展开方式：Among the most important types of paragraph development are development by detail, comparison and contrast, process, classification and partition, cause and effect, definition, and mixed development.11Development by Comparison and Contrast (比较和对比)：①a comparison shows how two or more things are alike; ②a contrast shows how they are different.12Development by Division and Classification (分类法和归类法)：Dividing and classifying information is central to the writing process. When we divide, we begin with a whole, a complete body of information or one idea, and break it into its parts. When we classify, we begin with many small observations and sort them into categories on the basisof their similarities.13第七个写作常识：Causal analysis involves the ability to see cause and effect relationships between two elements. In order to arrive at a cause, we need to distinguish among three kinds: necessary, sufficient and contributory.14第八个写作常识：Definitions are particularly important for limiting the intended meaning of abstract or technical terms. There are two types of definition: formal definition and extended definition. Formal definition includes the term itself, the class it belongs to, and the details that distinguish it from other items in its class.15第九个写作常识：As we have seen, a single paragraph often contains more than one type of development. Almost any kind of paragraph may include examples or illustrations. The important thing is to avoid switching abruptly and apparently without reason from one kind of development to another in the middle of a paragraph.16第十个写作常识：The introduction is probably the most important part of an essay. The introduction should agree in tone and style with the rest of the essay. It should be a natural part of it, not a different construction grafted on the top.。
新视野大学英语读写期末复习
一、词汇30%Unit1 section A1、Lawyers change such high fees; but they never seem to be short of clients.2、It is a matter of convention that male businesspeople usually wear suits on formal occasions.3、These people are very efficient; very organized and excellent time managers.4、Julian says he hopes to get a job and find a way to obtain a college education.5、Having studied business at college and knowing two foreign languages; my secretary is perfectly competent for her job.6、The leading economists of the country have been assessing the influence of the current crisis upon it′s economy.7、The general public did not have confidence that the government would be able to fulfill this difficult job.8、The company is conducting a survey to find out local reaction to their recently promoted product.9、The rain was heavy and consequently the land was flooded.10、The discovery of the oilfield is of great significance to the economy in this region.1、We can′t afford to fall behind other businesses in using new technology.2、Realizing that his retirement was near at hand; he looked for some additional income that would provide for his children.3、Months if secret talks with the opposition party finally resulted in the setting free of the political prisoners.4、When the car broke down on the highway for a third time; John′s patience completely ran out.5、He cannot go without wine even for one day; he is a complete slave to drink.6、What one thinks and feels is; in the eyes of social scientists; mainly due to tradition; habit; and education.7、It is a real honor to have the opportunity of meeting the well-known scientist in person.8、Happiness doesn' t necessarily go with money.9、In the thick forest; you can walk from the edge till your feet ache; and still you' ll see nothing but tall trees and other plants.10、Every day the manager has to account to the chairman for how he spends the company′s money.Section B1、In this section; we' ll provide some important tips on how to better utilize the technologies available for distance education.2、People are free to accept or reject what the government says of the facts.3、The city suffered considerable damage as a result of the recent earthquake; so the government would have to spend a lot of money to rebuild it.4、Because of damage to their homes; many people had to stay in temporary housingfor a few months.5、The argument was settled in a way that was acceptable to both sides.6、Illness and age have changed the once well-known actress beyond recognition.7、You cannot cure a common cold; but you can alleviate the symptoms.8、I would appreciate it if you could turn down your radio a little bit.9、To be honest; the Internet isn' t meant for kids; and; furthermore; it′s not a tool for taking care of kids.10、Desks are arranged in a U-shape; so the teacher can interact easily with the students.Unit2 section A1、I would like to find a job in an promising company after I graduate.2、The mother couldn' t help laughing at her little boy′s amusing appearance.3、The tall man lowered his head so that he could enter the room.4、Though the plan didn' t work well; he persisted in following it.5、Should it be a failure; as many experts predict; it would rank as one of the worst man-made disasters.6、Don′t swear at others in any situation no matter how angry you are.7、It is really unfair that she didn' t get promoted just because of her skin color8、She was very glad to see the presence of many old friends at her birthday party.9、Why are you frowning all the time Try to look happy10、I cannot tell the exact number; approximately 100 students will be presented with medals as recognition of their excellence.1、Ellen is a devoted friend; you can always count on her whenever you are in trouble.2、The other day I came upon a friend when I was walking aimlessly on the street.3、The woman in red looks so familiar to me; I must have met her on some occasion.4、Why didn' t you ask him to prepare for the test in advance He could have done it better.5、I will by no means give up my plan; despite all kinds of challenges and difficulties.6、Thinking little of other people; the young man is always indifferent to others′sufferings.7、The girl felt ill at ease in the presence of a lot of famous people.8、Taking little notice of what people said about her; Ann went on with her own life.9、I saw Laura sitting by the window in a café across the street; obviously reflecting on something.10、As my true friend; Joseph never fails to point out my mistakes.Section B1、Our parents couldn' t love us any more than they do; whatever they do; they do it for our sake.2、Jack was really determined in his career; and he sacrificed almost everything else for it.3、Hearing the crack of gun; I jumped to my feet from the chair and called the policeimmediately.4、He never stopped pursuing knowledge during the years in the small mountain village.5、You cannot take explosive substances with you when you are traveling by bus; by train or by air.6、We have to be patient and determined enough to overcome difficulties at hand.7、In this map; the towns are indicated by red dots.8、The self-confident young man believed he would beat his opponents one after another and win the first prize.9、Having been stripped of all his property; he was worth nothing again.10、The man denied having witnessed the accident because he was afraid of getting himself involved.Unit3 section A1、I firmly believe that this agreement will be for our mutual benefit.2、People have bought these houses under the illusion that their value would just keep on rising.3、The project has been canceled by the local government for lack of public resources.4、The clerk must have overlooked your name; because he said you weren′t here.5、The speaker said something about the actors and then proceeded to talk about the film.6、Differences of opinion are often the most difficult problem to resolve.7、When he looked for a job; John strongly felt that there was a widespread prejudice against men over forty.8、Children should be encouraged to reach an compromise between what they want and what others want;9、The discovery seems to confirm that people lived here over 10000 years ago.10、The book was first published in 1994 and was subsequently translated into fifteen languages.1、Mind your own business. My affairs have nothing to do with you.2、Having worked in the company for two years; Mr.Smith is now taking care of marketing and public relations.3、The farmer met with bad luck; His crops were destroyed by a storm.4、The old gardener seems cold and unfriendly on the surface; but he′s really a warm-hearted person.5、They had hoped to be able to move into their new house at the end of the month; but things did not work out as they had expected.6、Such violent attacks are incompatible with a civilized society.7、There have been ups and downs in the old man′s life; but on the whole his fortunes have grown.8、The mother only learned of her son′s marriage long after the event.9、Rising sales can give a good indication of how this product is received in the market.10、The Chinese government has all along been combating drug trafficking. Section B1、If you have a lot of things to do; just make a list and arrange them in order of importance.2、The government is facing severe criticism for its slow response to the disaster.3、Under the criminal law a suspect is taken to be innocent until he or she is found guilty.4、People are always criticizing the United Nations for failing to act sooner after crisis; but I think they do a good job.5、I wish this city would do something about the miserable condition of the roads.6、She was a shy; modest person; never one to push herself forward.7、She was compelled by illness to give up her studies at college.8、I think she is right; but somehow I am not completely sure.9、We anticipate that we will meet a certain amount of resistance to our plan.10、To make a man perfectly happy; tell him that he is brilliant; or noble; or wise; or good.Unit4 section A1、The government forbid their workers from accepting tips from customers.2、The picture is identical to the one in the Museum of Modern Art in New York.3、If you have no objection; I would like to ask your daughter to marry me.4、Hearing his comforting words; I felt a huge wave of warmth inside me and couldn't help crying.5、After the party; the mother needed some volunteers to help with the washing-up in the kitchen.6、The factory has now earned a large amount of foreign money; because there has been an increase in overseas trade during the past few years.7、At the press conference he declined to comment on the company's difficulties and only answered questions about successes.8、The university resisted pressure to close one of its departments.9、We don't serve anything fancy; just plain; ordinary food.10、Thanks to the great efforts made by the police; crime has been on the decrease/decline in the past few years.1、I will finish this job for you without fail by next Tuesday.2、I can't get any of the children to volunteer for work in the school garden.3、You can go fishing as long as you promise to be back before 11 o' clock.4、I promise they can get their pay right away; before next Monday at the latest.5、If I tell my father what I have done; he will be more than a little angry.6、I am thankful to you for having taken so much trouble.7、In our letter we offered to give him the job; and soon after he wrote back accepting our offer.8、Women in older times were forbidden from going out without wearing long clothing.9、While I was talking with my friend; the kids vanished into a nearby pet store where they discovered a nice little dog.10、I was free to express my own thoughts and feelings; though sometimes I hurt others.Section B1、I assume that as my husband he will be covered by my health insurance plan.2、The pilot; thinking his plane was in danger; descended quickly; he wanted to have the plane checked at once.3、This senior scientist was known for his unfailing precision in his job.4、There was no trace of food in the house; and everyone was feeling very hungry.5、Please be careful when you are drinking coffee in case you stain the new carpet.6、The regulations clearly specify that you may not use a dictionary in the examination.7、She called her parents just to tell them that she had become accustomed to life at the university.8、After being away from home for a full week; the mother embraced her son warmly.9、The people in church knelt down and asked God to help the poor people of the world.10、The economic prosperity of any community is directly dependent upon business trade and employment.Unit5 section A1、After a while as an ambulance driver; you get hardened to what you see at accidents.2、My sole object was to get shelter from the snow; to get myself covered and warm.3、If we take all the factors into account ;his chances of winning the election were slim.4、It will only weaken his position if he continues to stick to his strange ideas.5、Literally thousands of people watched the football game.6、The most noticeable change was in my younger brother; who had grown quite a bit and was now a third grader.7、I am supposed to be resting and relaxing; but it is just a whole bunch of different things that have happened.8、Day and night Martin could not drag his mind from the failure he had suffered.9、I would be grateful if you would mail this package for me.10、The young man was hooked on heroin海洛因and lost his job and his wife.1、The old lady stopped and stood against/ leaned on the wall to rest for a moment.2、Since your mother is often ill; remember to keep a first-aid medicine box close by/ close at hand all the time.3、In a hard winter; especially in snowy weather; many wild animals can be killed by/ die of hunger.4、In the poor neighborhoods of the city; there are many uncared-for young childrenwho suffer from not having/ are starved of parental love.5、Very high quality; together with/ coupled with the relatively low prices ;has made these cars very popular.6、This advertisement is intended/ is directed mainly for/at young people in their early twenties.7、They are/ are usually wearing/dressed in their Sunday best when they go to church.8、I was thankful to/ grateful to John for his kindness.9、There are still many families making a great efforts to/ struggling to survive on low incomes.10、Last weekend; I cooked two chickens and invited a group of/ a bunch of people to taste them.Section B1、He was recently assigned by the head office to the overseas sales department.2、No amount of money can compensate for the lost time.3、A major disaster was prevented by the prompt action of the firemen.4、Being a well-spoken person; he has delivered the speech in an impressive manner.5、Today there is a growing tendency for women to marry late.6、The poll shows that his position within the government has been gradually undermined.7、Mike was losing the fight but he would not submit.8、Claire looked at the man's shoes and inferred that he must have taken a short cut across the fields.9、The car industry's annual production fluctuates between 5.1 million and 7.2 million vehicles.10、The demonstrators attacked and burned buildings and cars; the soldiers responded by opening fire.Unit6 section A1、After two days of questioning by the police; the criminal finally confessed.2、It is a very popular play; and it would be wise to reserve seats in advance.3、He was an enthusiastic amateur writer for many years before he turned professional.4、The actor's performance in Hamlet has been impressive.5、Where unemployment and crime rates are high; it can be assumed that the latter is due to the former.6、A good photograph can often convey far more than words.7、Although you have graduated from university; a bachelor's degree in English does not qualify you to teach English.8、The young girl is refined in her manners and she always eats cakes with a little fork.9、I have a packed timetable this week; Could you substitute for me at the meeting at the head office10、The new project is expected to start early next year; it has won the approval of the board.Section B1、In order to welcome foreign friends to their school; the students spent the morning getting the whole building clean and tidy.2、Lacking communications with outside areas; some very old traditions still prevail in the mountain villages.3、Grandpa gets very emotional whenever he talks about the war in which he fought many years ago.4、She's really good at imitating our teacher's southern accent.5、Higher cigarette prices do not seem to discourage people from smoking.6、I got this shirt when I was in the store. It was a real bargain.7、With their parents at work during the day; the kids are left to wander the streets.8、She does not qualify as an expert; she has only an superficial knowledge of the language.9、Jack was very thoughtful; he concealed the news that he had failed his job interview in order not to make his mother sad.10、It is common sense that lightning usually accompanies thunder. But can you tell me which comes first: the flash of light or the loud sound二、阅读30%unit1As s foreigner doing business in the United States; I feel very rushed. I am used to friendly opening exchange when doing business. Here in Chicago; things are different. There is no time for getting to know one another. This does not seem appropriate to me. There is no chance to develop a sense of trust when people meet to talk over issues. There are no rituals like tea or coffee before discussing business; though this is an convention in my country. When we discuss business it starts with an leisurely chat. I think that it is important for business partners to get familiar with each other first and to feel relaxed. If the exchange is too abrupt; there is a risk that something will be forgotten. Some possibilities go without being assessed when there is too much pressure. I don't believe this is the best strategy for proper communication. Besides; the perception is that they just don't care about you as an individual here. You are basically just another means of making money.All of this used to create a real dilemma for me. At first; it caused me to have as little interaction with American business partners as possible. Gradually; though; I have come to understand the cultural differences between our two countries. This has really helped me to feel more comfortable doing business here.unit2Bill Johnson's path to Olympic gold was different than that of most. In fact; even though he was the first American man to ever win the downhill skiing event; many rejected him as a true Olympic hero. He was a rebellious kid who came from a troubled background; and he boasted too much. Moreover; he only became involvedin skiing because a judge sent him to a ski school after he had stolen a car at age 17.There was no lifelong commitment to the sport. He did not exemplify the Olympic spirit. He did not gain distinction by continuously training for his event.Still; few failed to appreciate his marvelous race in the 1984 Winter Olympic Games in Sarajevo. He was just a natural skier and his technique was perfect for the course. And so even before the race began; he was claiming victory."This course was made for me. Nothing can stop me;" he had boasted. He also caused some comments when he talked about the millions of dollars he would be able to make after he won the race. This made many skiers hostile toward him. That just encouraged him even more. Then on the day of the event; he turned out the fastest."It takes a lot of courage to throw yourself down a mountain; "Bill Johnson remarked proudly after he won a gold medal for the United States."Not many can do that."unit3At first; my dad was not in favor of me marrying Will because Will is black. I guess my dad was a bit of a racist. Unfortunately; no arguments could counter Dad's beliefs. Despite his protests; though; Will and I decided to go through with our wedding. On a marvelous June day we were married in the park. The wedding went off without any hostile words or embarrassing exchanges. It was actually quite beautiful. There was just one problem. Many of our friends and relatives didn't attend our wedding. I had to conclude that my dad was not the only prejudiced person we know. Other than my father; no one had come out to speak against my relationship with Will. It did not seem appropriate for them to show their resistance to our marriage in this way. My dad had strong reservations about my marriage to Will; but at least he was there. Will and I decided to overcome this burden by showing everyone how wrong they were. We wanted not only to love one another; but also to defy racial hatred by loving one another. We probably weren't being all that realistic; but we did succeed with one person. My dad and Will have developed an amazing friendship. My dad says he has forgotten why he ever had any doubts about our marriage.Unit4What do we know about love Is it; as some people would suggest; a mysterious force Or can it be explained and possibly even created Well; even in this scientific and reason-driven age; love seems still to defy total understanding. We can; however; know something about love and make stronger connections between individuals.One thing that seems to affect love is distance. The common idea is that the love between people grows as they are separated. Sometimes it is true that longing for someone who has gone overseas becomes more intense.Something that nourishes love is danger. Send both lovers to dangerous places and they will end up loving each other more. This could be caused by the worry it develops. It could also be that feelings of uncertainty or need transform into love with time.Love gives us warmth; courage; and a feeling of being safe; but it also demands selfless devotion and sacrifice. If you are truly committed to finding true love; youshould make yourself more interesting. Do things that you enjoy and try to meet people who share identical interests.unit5My son has started to hang out with the wrong type of boys. He is fifteen years old and until recently I had always been grateful for how easy he has been to raise. Lately; though; he has ceased to listen to what I say. He used to be such a sweet boy; but being in high school seems to have hardened him against authority figures. The change in his attitude has been very noticeable even to his teachers.The other day I asked him to come straight home after school; but instead he rebelled and stayed out until ten o'clock. Later I found out that he had skipped school completely that day. I found out that he was with an bunch of boys who often cause trouble. I decided to forbid him to do anything with those boys; but he didn't listen to me. In spite of my objections to him being with those boys; he was with them the very next day.A friend of mine has a son who is having identical problems. She decided to give him a change of environment and sent him to a private school. I'm not sure this is the best solution; though. You can't just change a boy's behavior by changing his school every time he does something wrong. It is better to help a kid establish a good set of core values.unit6My name; Bobby; is used both for boys and girls. Girls spell it "Bobbie". It is characteristic for little boys to be given a name with a "y" sound at the end. For example; I often had a Jimmy; Johnny or Billy in my classes. In my second grade; I also had a Bobbie. In order not to confuse us when she called our names; our teacher assigned us the names "Bobbie girl" and "Bobby Boy". This caused me a lot of trouble on the playground. There; my friends labeled me "Bobbie girl". For my friends; the apparent contrast between my name and my sex was the source of much laughter. The fact that they labeled me as a girl was very embarrassing. I had a tendency to compensate for my name by acting more like a boy than I might have otherwise. I threw more rocks and yelled louder than the sum of all of the other boys added together. The real "Bobbie girl"; conversely; acted more like a girl. When my teacher realized she had made a mistake; she stopped calling us "Bobbie girl" and "Bobby Boy". Unfortunately; my friends never forgot or ceased calling me "Bobbie girl". Third grade was an improvement; the original "Bobbie girl" was in a different class. Also; I requested the teacher just call me "Bob".三、翻译30%unit11.她连水都不愿喝一口;更别提留下来吃饭了..She wouldn't take a drink; much less could she stay for dinner.2.他认为我在对他说谎;但实际上我讲的是实话..He thought I was lying to him; whereas I was telling the truth.3.这个星期你每天都迟到;对此你怎么解释How do you account for the fact that you have been late every day this week4.他们利润增长的部分原因是采用了新的市场策略..The increase in their profits is due partly to their new market strategy.5.这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率的提高..Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency.6.我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量时间和精力;所以我们只能继续..We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project; so we have to carry on.unit21.尽管她是家里的独生女;她父母也从不溺爱她..Despite the fact that she is the only child in her family; she is never babied by her parents.2.迈克没来参加昨晚的聚会;也没给我打电话作任何解释..Mike didn't come to the party last night; nor did he call me to give an explanation. 3.坐在他旁边的那个人确实发表过一些小说;但决不是什么大作家..The person sitting next to him did publish some novels; but he is by no means a great writer.4.他对足球不感兴趣;也从不关心谁输谁赢..He has no interest in football and is indifferent to who wins to loses.5.经理需要一个可以信赖的助手;在他外出时;由助手负责处理问题..The manager needs an assistant that he can count on to take care of problems in his absence.6.这是他第一次当着那么多观众演讲..This is the first time that he has made a speech in the presence of so large an audience.unit31.你再怎么有经验;也得学习新技术..You are never too experienced to learn new techniques.2.还存在一个问题;那就是派谁去带领那里的研究工作..There remains one problem; namely; who should be sent to head the research there.3.由于文化的不同;他们的关系在开始确实遇到了一些困难..Their relationship did meet with some difficulty at the beginning because of cultural differences.4.虽然他历经沉浮;但我始终相信他总有一天会成功的..Though he has had ups and downs; I believed all along that he would succeed someday.5.我对你的说法的真实性有些保留看法..I have some reservations about the truth of your claim.6.她长得并不特别高;但她身材瘦;给人一种个子高的错觉..She isn't particularly tall; but her slim figure gives an illusion of height.unit41.有朋自远方来;不亦乐乎It is a great pleasure to meet friends from afar.2.不管黑猫白猫;能抓住老鼠就是好猫..It doesn't matter whether the cat is black or white as long as it catches mice.3.你必须明天上午十点之前把那笔钱还给我..You must let me have the money back without fail by ten o'clock tomorrow morning.4.请允许我参加这个项目;我对这个项目非常感兴趣..Allow me to take part in this project: I am more than a little interested in it.5.人人都知道他比较特殊：他来去随意..Everyone knows that he is special: He is free to come and go as he pleases.6.看她脸上不悦的神色;我觉得她似乎有什么话想跟我说..Watching the unhappy look on her face; I felt as though she wishes to say something to me.unit51.他说话很自信;给我留下了很深的印象..He spoke confidently; which impressed me most.2.我父亲太爱忘事;总是在找钥匙..My father is so forgetful that he is always looking for his keys.3.我十分感激你给我的帮助..I'm very grateful to you for all the help you have given me.4.光线不足;加上地面潮湿;使得驾驶十分困难..The bad light; coupled with the wet ground; made driving very difficult.5.由于缺乏资金;他们不得不取消了创业计划..Being starved of funds; they had to cancel their plan to start a business.6.每当有了麻烦;他们总是依靠我们..They always lean on us whenever they are in trouble.unit61.就像机器需要经常运转一样;身体也需要经常锻炼..Just as a machine needs regular running; so does the body need regular exercise. 2.在美国学习时;他学会了弹钢琴..He learned to play the piano while studying in the United States.3.令我们失望的是;他拒绝了我们的邀请..To our disappointment; he turned down our invitation.4.真实情况是;不管是好是坏;随着科技的进步;世界发生了变化..The reality is that; for better or worse; the world has changed with advance of new technologies.5.我班里的大多数女生在被要求回答问题时都似乎感到不自在..Most of the female students in my class appear to be ill at ease when they are required to answer questions.6.当地政府负责运动会的安全..The local government took charge of the security for the sports meeting.。
读写任务必背短语句型[5篇范例]
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读写任务必背短语句型[5篇范例]第一篇：读写任务必背短语句型一：读写任务写作必背句型：1.段首句的句型1)关于…(养宠物)…人们有不同的观点……。
一些人认为…（它是有利的）…There are different opinions among people as to …（keep pets）….some people think that…(it is good for us)….2）现在，它们给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。
首先……其次……更为糟糕的是……Today, they have brought a lot of harm to our daily life.Firstly, ……,secondly,…….what makes things worse is that…….3）任何事物都有两面性，它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。
Everything has two sides, it has both advantages and disadvantages.4）它在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的重要，它给我们带来了许多好处，当同时也引发了一些严重的问题。
It plays an important role in our daily life.It has brought us a lot of benefits but has created some serious problems as well.5）根据数字/图表可以看出……（这城市有严重的污染问题）According to the figure/chart/graph/table ,it can be seen that…（the city has a serious pollution problem）…（figure: 数字chart:柱形图graph:圆形图table:表格）2.一般位于中间段的句型1）相反，有一些人认为……他们相信……而且它们认为……On the contrary, there are some people in favor of…….they believe …….At the same time, they say…….2）为什么……第一个原因是……第二个原因是…………第三个原因是……总的来说……，……的主要原因是……Why ……?the first reason is that…….the second reason is that…….The third is that…….for all this, the main cause of……is …….3.一般位于结尾部分的句型1）.至于我，我认为…（戒烟）…更合理。
英语朗读重点学习学习材料.doc
1. Families around the worldThe idea of a family seems to exist in every culture around the world, but that doesn mean that the word‘family ’has the same meaning everywhere. In fact, different cultures understand the word‘family ’in different ways. One important difference in the way families are seen is the difference between the‘nuclear family’and the‘extended family’.A ‘nuclear family ’only has two generations who live together, i.e. the mother and father and their children. Most families in Western Europe are probably nuclear families. In some cases, if the mother (or sometimes, father) is not married or is divorced we talk about a‘one-parent family’.An extended family usually has three generations who live together or very near to each other, i.e. one or more children, their parents and their grandparents. In some places an extended family might include both sets of grandparents or even other relatives such as aunts or uncles.2. Friends with the same interestsThese are friends who have the samehobby or interest as you. Perhaps you play in the same football team or basketball team. You can have good conversations with these friends because you have the same interests, and you have learnt something about their character by playing sport or music with them or sharing some other interest with them. You can learn a lot about people by, for example, playing a sport with them. You can find out if the person is honest, dependable, unselfish, and so on. With this kind of friend you can have a lot of fun, but you probably wouldn’ttalk to them about your feelings or some problem you have.3. Neighbourhood environmentAre you aged between 14 and 19 years old?Do you care about your local environment?Would you like to help make the area you live in better, cleaner, safer andmore friendly?If your answers are‘yes’,‘yes’and ‘yes’,then read on! You may be surprisedto hear that you can actually get money for improving your local community.The ‘ Big Lottery ’ is giving money to groups of teenagerswhowant to become active citizens. We have 80,000￡ to give away. We’re looking for young peopleto take part in schemes and projects near to where they live.4. A LetterDear Diary,Phew! I’m so glad that day is over. I was so worried all summer that my first dayat my new school would be terrible.I’m really tired, but my first day at school went well and I feel much better now. Firstof all, we had to meet outside the school building. I was very nervous because my primary school only had 300 pupils but in the secondary school there are about1,300. What a difference! The older pupils are really big. I felt so small waitingthere in front of the school.The other problem was that I didn’tknow anyone. My family moved over the summer holidays, because of Dad’s new job. So now I have to try to make some new friends. Standing in front of the school this morning, I wanted to be back at my old schoolwith my old friends.5. Back to SchoolIt ’ s school time again!You’re probably feeling excited and maybe a little sad that summer is over. Some kids feel nervous or a little scared on the first day of school because of all the new things: new teachers, new friends, and maybe even a new school. Luckily, these‘new’worries only stay for a little while. Let ’s find out more about going back to school. Most teachers start the school year by introducing themselves and talking about all the things you’ll be doing that year. Some teachers give students a chance to tell omething about themselves to the rest of the class.When teachers do the talking on the first day, they will often tell you classroom rules so you’ll know what ’s allowed and what’s not. Listen carefully. Find out ifyou need to raise your hand to ask a question.6. New SubjectsDear Grandma,How are you? I hope you are feeling well and your leg is improving. Can you walk a bit now? Is your neighbour, Mrs Lu, bringing you enough books to read? I hope so. You’d love our school library, Grandma. There are so many books for all kinds of subjects. The other day I found a book about electronic engineering. I couldn’treally understand it but I hope to learn more about this topic sometime. This semester I have three new subject classes, so I thought’dI tell you about them.I now study biology, which is really interesting. I’m learning all about the human body, where everything is and what it does. Did you know that we have a kissing muscle? It ’ s calledorbicularis‘’and it’s a circular muscle that closes your mouth and moves your lips forward. I love biology; it ’s so interesting!7. The old man and my saxophoneI used to live in Kobe in Japan. On my way home on the bus every evening I usedto look for a man who often played his saxophone near the river. He always looked upriver towards the mountains and he always looked so happy. I couldn’thear hismusic because the windows were closed on the bus but I imagined it to be loudand clear. I wanted to be like that man.One night I went to Himeji, a city not far from Kobe. As I walked with my family along the river I saw a statue. It was a young man who looked just like me. He was wearing a cap and smiling. Around his neck was a leather strap and in his hands was a saxophone. He was lifting the saxophone to his lips and he was just about to play. My family walked on up the river towards the castle but I stayed there by the statue, dreaming of playing a saxophone on TV.8. Do you like literature?I really like reading and writing short stories. These are stories which are usually about six to twenty pages long whichfocus on an interesting person, a problem which the person had and what happened when the person tried to solve the problem. All societies seem to have an oral storytelling tradition in which people met together totell each other short stories and in which parents told their children stories at bedtime. This was certainly true in England, in India, in Kenya, in Iran, in Mexico and in Japan. Was it true in China too? In many countries oral storytelling is still important but in most countries now stories are written down and published in books. My favourite collection of short stories is a book calledThe Story Giant by Brian Patten in which a giant knows all the stories in the world except one. If he doesn’tfind the last story he’ll die. In the book he gets four children from different parts of the world to tell him stories in the hope that he will find the last story so he can stay alive and pass the world’s stories on forever.9. Smoke settles over South-East AsiaPeople could only see for about 50 metres in parts of Borneo yesterday and Singapore recorded its highest pollution for nearly 10 years as forest fires in Indonesia sent smoke across the sea to the rest of South-East Asia. Face masks have been given to hundreds of thousands of people in Malaysia, and in many places children stayed in their houses behind closed doors rather than walk through the smoke to go to school. Traffic stopped because people could not see out of their car windows, boats stayed in the harbour and some airports refused to let aircraft land.In Singapore, the air quality is measured every day. A measurement over 100 is considered unhealthy and at that level people who go outside will have problems breathing. Yesterday, the reading was 128 and hundreds of people went to hospitals to try to get medical help. Yesterday 500 fires were counted on satelliteimages. If there are many more fires they could cause serious health problems for people living in the region.10. Crime and your lifeIt is unfortunate, but in South Africa where I live, all of us will be touched bycrime at some point during our lives. Somehow it affects all of our lives. We hear about it through the media every day. Crime is becoming very difficult to control.A businessman on his way home from work one evening was on a lonely stretch of road. Suddenly, as if from nowhere, he heard gunshots. A bullet went through the windscreen of his car and hit him in the heart. He died instantly. The police arrived soon afterwards and began searching for the killer. They never found him.A young accountant was asleep in the bedroom of his house one night, when thieves broke in to rob him. As he slept, they took all of his possessions, leaving behind only the things in the bedroom where he was asleep. He woke up thenext morning and his house was empty! The police have not caught anyone yet.11. Do animals have emotions?In our house we have the following pets: three lizards, a cat, three chickens and a rabbit. Actually, the chickens and the rabbit live in the garden, not the house. The lizards don’tlaugh, the cat doesn’tcry, the chickens don’tsmile and the rabbit doesn’t shout, so how can they have emotions? I have told sad stories to the lizards, but they never cry. I have told jokes to the cat, but it never laughs. I have given beer to the chickens, but they don’tsmile. I have told the rabbit to his face that he is stupid, but he doesn’tget angry. On the other hand, the cat gets angry when I pull its tail, the chickens look frightened when I chase them, the lizards fight each other if I don’tgive them enough food and the rabbit kicks me when I try to pick him up. So perhaps they do have emotions. But these aren’treal emotions; they are just animalinstinc t.12. International Friendship Day‘ A stranger is a new friend waiting to happen.’‘ Two friends are one mind in two bodies.’‘The difference between loneliness and happiness is one friend’.‘A friend is someone who knows your worst secrets, but loves you anyway.’‘The best listeners are the best friends.’‘You can choose your friends but you can’ t choose your family.’Did you know that the first Sunday in August every year is International Friendship Day (IFD)? IFD is a chance to bring a bit of happiness to the world by showing your friends how much you like them and how much you appreciate them too!13. New Year celebrationsMany Chinese people around the globe celebrate Chinese New Year. The festival is known as the Spring Festival, and marks the end of winter. Chinese New Year is based around the lunar calendar. It starts with a new moon and ends 15 days later on the full moon. This means that the day of New Year changes every year. This is different from the Western New Year, which is based on the solar calendarThe. Western New Year always happens on January 1st.In Chinese tradition, New Year’s Eve is when family members get together andhave a reunion meal. It is a time of thanks for the year gone by and a chance toremember ancestors, who are responsible for luck and good fortune in thecoming year.Families also gather on the morning of New Year’s Day. In this gathering, redpackets containing some money are given by senior members of the family, usually married, to unmarried junior members of the family.14. Chinese and western foodThis is a true story about a teenager from the UK. His name is Danny and he isnow 16 years old. Ever since he was a young boy, his parents have had realproblems making him eat healthy food. Like many young people in this country,Danny was happy to eat chips for breakfast, chips for dinner and chips for supper.His other favourite foods were chicken nuggets and fish fingers.One day, when Danny was 14, one of his friend’s parents invited him out for aChinese meal. When he came back his parents asked him what Chinese food was like.“ No idea,Danny” replied.“ But the chips were nice.”His mother was an excellent cook and spent hours every day chopping vegetablesand fruit. But however much she tried, she just could not make Danny eat any of themat all.Then last year, Danny and his parents went on holiday to Hong Kong. Hisparents were very excited about the trip but Danny really didn’twant to go. Guesswhy? Because he thought he wouldn’tbe able to eat his favourite‘western food’.15. Peer pressureLily and I were talking to Lei about the party today. She says that her parents aregoing to be away for the weekend. Lei also says that her brother and his collegefriends will be at the party. They will be bringing the alcohol. Lei is really excited,she says that this party will not be as boring as the others we have had, because therewill be no parents to tell us that we shouldn ’ t be drinking. I am not so excited about the party anymore. I am feeling uncomfortable that Lei ’ s brother and hiswillfriendbe there. They are much older than us and I have heard stories about the partiesthat they go to; none of the stories are good ones. I also think that we are too youngto be drinkingalcohol. Perhaps I should just stay at home.16. Festivals of lightThe Jewish Festival of Light is called Hanukkah. Hanukkah usually takes place in December. The story of why Hanukkah is celebrated is very old. It is told that a verylong time ago, Jewish people called the Macabees were at war with a country calledSyria. On the day that the Macabees won the war, they cleaned up their holy place,which is called a temple, because the Syrian people had been living there. Theywanted to light their holy lamps to say thank you for the end of the war, but found onlya very small amount of oil left over to do that. The Macabees lit the lamps anyway,thinking that they would soon go out. The lamps kept burning for eight days! TheJewish people celebrate Hanukkah every year by lighting a candlestick that has eight candleholders. Every night a new candle is lit so that on the eighth night, all eightcandles stand together. Presents are giv en at this time and money is given to the poor.17. National holidaysJapan has a Golden Week, which is four national holidays in seven days. It is one of Japan’ s busiest holiday seasons. The holidays making up Golden Week begin on 29thApril on Showa Day. This is the birthday of Emperor Showa who died in 1989. On3rd May, it is Constitution Day. In 1947, two years after World War II ended, the new Japanese Constitution was put into place. Greenery Day used to be celebrated on29th April, but in 2006 it was moved to 4th May. This day is for celebrating theenvironment and nature. The last day in Golden Week is Children’ s Day. The Boys’Festival is celebrated on this day. Families pray for the health and success of theirsons (Girls ’ Festival is on 3rd March).18. An ancient Olympic wrestlerYou have all heard about the Olympic Games. Some of you may even be planning to competein them one day. What you may not know is that the Olympic Games were first held in a countrycalled Greece many centuries ago.Milo of Croton was a legendary Olympic wrestler in ancient Greece. Milo won manyOlympic gold medals. He won for the first time when he was a boy of 12. After thathe didn ’ t compete again for eight years. When he once again wrestled at the Olympics,he won a gold medal every year for five years. Milo was more than 40 years old whenhe lost a match for the first time. He lost because his enemy made him tired, not because hewas less strong than his enemy.19. Chinese shadow playsDong Lin ’ s grandfather was a puppet maker. Dong loved going into the workshop. He loved the smell of the wood and the leather. Of course he loved to hear his grandfathertalk about the puppets.Grandfather Lin showed Dong how he made the puppets. The puppet figures weremade from very thin leather that usually came from the belly of a donkey. Once thepuppets were made, they were put onto sticks. Very thin sticks were put onto the neckof the puppet that helped it to move. The puppets were painted in very bright colours,so that the shadows they made were very c olourful. Some of the colours had specialmeanings. Black meant honesty, while red meant bravery.20. PaintersLet us begin with the Chinese. The Chinese were creating works of art long before the beginning of written history. Gu Kaizhi is known as the founder of traditional Chinese painting, and his scroll paintings represented the painting style of the period. GuKaizhi loved painting portraits. His portraits were famous because he caught the spirit, as well as the look, of a person in his paintings. Wang Wei, the famous Tang poet,was considered as the founder of the Southern School of the Chinese landscape painting. Rather than rendering a realistic image of a landscape, Wang is traditionally spoken of as the first to paint the inner spirit of landscape. Hui-Tsung was actually the last emperor of the Northern Song Dynasty. He loved painting flowers and birds. His paintings were very colourful. Unfortunately, he spent too much time painting and not enough time ruling his country. Gao Kegong painted landscapes because he loved nature. He did a lot of his painting in ink.21. Collecting insectsBee-keeping: Stone Age people used to eat honey that they stole from the hives of wild bees. They learned to make hives so that the honey was near their homes. The hives were first built of straw. Many people enjoy watching bees and learning their ways. Some people keep bees in glass-walled hives so that they can see what the bees are doing. They watch how the bees communicate by dancing in certain patterns. How the queen bee lays her eggs and the worker bees find food and care for the young. Bees can be kept in both the city and the country. The hives can be in back gardens or onthe roofs of houses. Bees are easy to look after. You can make a lot of money by selling the honey. As a beginner, there are two ways to start. You can buy some worker bees and a queen bee to start a new hive, or you can buy a hive that is already working. It is very important to have your hives inspected by the state health inspector, to make sure that your bees are isease d free.22. The fast food cultureWe have such busy lives that there is no time to cook or eat properly. It is easierjust to buy something, already made, on the way to or from work. The result is overweight and unhealthy people.We are eating a lot of carbohydrates (bread) and protein (meat and cheese) and not enough vegetables or fruit. This is understandable because bread, meat and cheese are the foods that fill us up so that we are not hungry.The foodstuff itself is not actually unhealthy; it is the way it has been cooked. Meatis fried in oil and not grilled. When we buy a salad or a sandwich, there are hidden fats in the form of mayonnaise or tomato sauce. The fries that go with every fast food meal are ordinary potatoes, but they have been fried in oil. These meals are cooked in away that takes as little time as possible. This is why they have become known as fast foods. Even the drinks are bad for us. The fizzy drinks that come with every meal are full of sugar.23. Healthy eating habitsIt is also important to drink lots of water. Our bodies are made up of about 76% ofwater. We need to drink six to eight glasses of water a day. Water keeps our skinhealthy. It also makes sure that our bodies work properly. If we do not drink enoughwater, we can get headaches, stomachaches and our kidneys will not work properly. It isimportant to read the labels on the foods in a shop. The labels tell us what the food hasin it. It gives us information about how healthy the food is. This information will help us toeat healthily because we will know what we are putting into o ur bodies. Somepeople have food allergies. This means that if they eat certain things they may become ill.Some people become ill if they eat nuts, wheat or milk. Food labels will tell us if there isanything in the food that may make us sick.24. Important developments in medicineHeart disease is one of the biggest killers in the world today. Luckily, somethingcan be done about it. Someone who has an unhealthy heart can have a heart transplant operation. A heart transplant is when the damaged heart of a patient is taken out and ahealthy heart is put in. It is sad, though, that the healthy heart has to come fromsomeone who has died. Doctor Barnard fr om South Africa was the first person to do aheart transplant operation in 1967. Many successful transplants have been done since then.25. Some of the most common disastersAn earthquake happens when the earth actually moves under the ground. Manyhundreds of earthquakes take place every year, especially under the sea. We don’ teven know that they are happening. If earthquakes happen in or near large cities, theycan cause problems. The moving ground makes buildings shake and fall down. It causescracks in the ground which may open up into very deep holes. People, animals andobjects can fall into these holes and be lost forever. Water, gas and electricity pipes maybe damaged. The result is flooding and fire. Fire is the greatest danger duringan earthquake, because it can destroy so much in such a short time.26. My favourite shopsThank you for your last email. Interesting to find out about where you go shoppingin your country. The food markets in your country sound big. I think I would get lost!The last time you wrote, you asked me if I like shopping. No, I don’ t likeshopping very much. The shops are often crowded with lots of people pushing theirway around. While other people are trying to sell things that you don’ t really wan Many European countries have fixed prices, so you can’ t have nganyforfun bargainia good price.I do enjoy shopping, sometimes. I enjoy buying vegetables and fruit at marketswhere you can bargain for the price. I also like going to second-hand shops to buyclothes and books. In this type of shop, they sell things that have been used alreadybut still look new. Charity Shops use the money they make to help poor people. Ithink these shops are a good idea; it means that clothes and books are notthrown away.27. A South American CityHi, I'm here in the sunny capital of Peru, Lima. You'll be pleased to hear that Iarrived safely after a very long, boring and uncomfortable flight. The in-flight movieswere terrible but it was better than talking to the strange man next to me whoconstantly polished his glasses and talked nonsense all the way. Mandy slept mostof the way. I was sick 4 times! The flight attendants were very helpful and moved meto another seat so I could lie down and sleep.Our concern about getting a taxi from the airport into town so late at night wasunnecessary, as there were hundreds of lime green VW Beetle taxis waiting for thenew tourists. The hotel is lovely. It's an old colonial hotel in the heart of the city. Ithas large, grand wooden doors and a central courtyard full of tropical plants andtwo noisy parrots. Our room is on the top floor and so gets a pleasant cool breeze.28. Sunrise at West LakeA sense of calm and peace came over me as I sat looking across the West Lake at 6am one morning. The golden morning sun was just coming up above the misty hillsbehind the lake and was starting to colour the water a golden colour. The small hillswere perfectly shaped like piles of sugar, making a wonderful background to mylakeside view. As the sun rose and the mist cleared, the birds and insects seemed tocome to life. I could see small dragon flies over the water, catching their breakfast,and a special kind of bird called Yu-Ying looking for their morning fish . I wasn’ t surehow good they were at fishing but I expect they try to steal fish from the fishermen, intheir tiny looking boats.29. Student tips for language learningNicky: I ’ ve been learning English for the last 5 years and one of the things that hashelped me to improve is reading. I love reading and often read during my free time. FirstI started reading easy things in English, like recipes for cooking and short stories thatare written especially for language learners. Then I moved onto longer stories andnewspaper articles. At first I found reading difficult because of the variety of vocabulary andthe grammar, but this soon became easier and I found that I could understand more andmore of what I was reading. I didn ’ t worry if I didn ’ t knowall the words as I could still understand the main ideas. Reading has helped improvemy English in many ways. I’ m not only a better and quicker reader, but my spelling,’ ve writing, punctuation, grammar and vocabulary are all much better. I think Iimproved faster than some of my friends who have been learning at the same time asme. So, I would say to everyone who wants to learn a language quickly should read.30. Student tips for language learningPan Pan: One of the most important things that has helped me learn English isfriends. For me, having friends to share experiences and learning with can make itmore fun and less stressful. I used to panic and get nervous about learning English,but I found learning with friends soon stopped this. When you are with friends youcan ask them questions about something you don’ t understand or you can discuss the meaning of something or the reason for using a particular grammar point. Now, Idon’ t get worried about learning English and I have more confidence to talk in theclassroom because even if what I say is not correct English, my friends won’ t la me, because they understand me more. So, I think studying with friends can reallyhelp your English improve.31. Student tips for language learningSam: If you have enough money and time, you can go to an English speakingcountry to learn English. I was lucky and went to study in a language school in Leedsin Britain. Here, I had a lot of opportunities to listen to and read English and also tospeak English with British people. I lived with a British family for the first 2 monthswhich was a great experience and helped improve my English quickly. I also learntmore about British culture and found many differences but some similarities betweenour countries. In my class I also met people from lots of other countries around theworld which was really interesting. So, I think studying in an English speaking countrylike the UK is one of the best ways to improve your English.32. Who from the past has influenced you?Sally: Mother Teresa is one of the greatest influences in my life. As you know MotherTeresa ’ s workhas been recognised and praised throughout the world and she receiveda number of special awards including the Pope John XXIII Peace Prize (1971) and theNehru Prize for her promotion of international peace and understanding (1972). Shealso received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979. So, why is she important to me? Whileshe was in India teaching in a High School, she was sad to see the poverty of the’ t h people who lived in the nearby slums. So, she decided to help them. She didnany money, but she left the school and started working with the poor. Soon she wasjoined by volunteer help and more money soon came too. I think she had incrediblestrength to move away from the comfort of the school and live and work with some ofthe poorest people in India. So, I truly admire her.33. Who from the past has influenced you?Katrina: My grandmother is one of the biggest influences for me. Although she had aquiet and rather ordinary life, she had to work very hard and overcome all kinds ofchallenges. She lived through one war, having to bring up her children at the sametime, at times finding it difficult to find food and money. She spent many years。
(完整word版)新视野大学英语读写教程第三册十五选十.docx
unit1When I think of people in this world who have really made a difference,I think of my parents.They were truly saints among ordinary people.I was one of the ten children my parents adopted.They rescue ( 挽救 )each of us from a life of poverty and loneliness. They were hardly able to restrain（克制） themselves from bringing home more children to care for.If they had had the resources（源）they certainly would have.Most people do not realize how much they appreciated（感激）someone until they pass away. My sisters and brothers and I did notwant this to happen before we uttered（） the words "Thank you" toour parents.Although we have all grown up and scattered（散落） about the country, we got back together to thank our parents. My brother Tomundertook（从事，承担） the task of organizing the event. Every Fridaynight,Mom and Dad have had the ham dinner special at the same restaurant for the last twenty years. That is where we waited withouttheir knowing.When we first caught a glimpse（瞥一眼）of them coming across the street, we all hid underneath(在⋯之下） a big table. When they entered, we leapt out and shouted, "Thank you, Mom andDad." My brother Tom presented（提供） them with a card and we all hugged. My Dad pretended that he had known we were under the tableall along.1.无论你是多么富有经验的演说家，无论你做了多么充分的准备，你都很难在这样嘈杂招待会上发表演讲（no matter how）No matter how experienced a speaker you are, and how well you haveprepared your speech,you will have difficulty making a speech at such a noisy reception.2.就像吉米妹妹的朋友都关心吉米一样，吉米也关心他们(just as )Just as all his sister’ s friends cared about him, Jimmy cared aboutthem.3.汽车的生产商在新车的几处都印有汽车识别号码，以便帮助找回被盗车辆Car manufacturers stamp a vehicle identification number at severalplaces on new cars to help track down stolen vehicles.4.老师回来时你敢告我状的话，我就不再和你说话了If you dare tell on me when the teacher gets back I won’ t say a wordto you any more.5.有些老年人愿意独自过日子，但大多数老人选择和儿女一起生活 (on one ’s own) Some elderly people prefer to live on their o wn while the great majority choose to live with their children.6.现在需要面对的事情是：如何筹集创建公司所需的资金(reckon with)Here is something that needs to be reckoned with: how to get thenecessary finances to establish the company.unit2Women who exercise regularly need to be careful with what theyeat. Researchers have found evidence（据，迹象）that even moderate（适度的） exercise can result in losing iron. They said that women whoexercise regularly, especially in endurance（耐久） activities, typicallylose iron.In order to prevent this from becoming a problem（了防止成）, it is important that those women consume more meat（吃肉） or take supplements（充） to replace （取代） the iron lost. Those who do not bother to get plentiful amounts of iron（嫌麻不愿意得大量的人）may begin to feel weak and tired. "If you can get the recommended daily allowance（按定量供） of iron in your diet（如果你能每天服用推荐的含量） , you will probably perform better," said onediet specialist. "One shortcoming（缺点） of taking iron pills is that thepill form is not well absorbed（心致志，全神注） and can sometimes make you sick. It is preferable（可取的） that you try to remedy（治）the deficiency（缺点）by getting more iron-rich meats（肉） in your diet."There are ways to help your body store（存） away （一直在做⋯）the iron it takes in. By getting plenty of Vitamin C, your body is able toprocess （理） , or use, the iron better. Researchers acknowledge（承，声明） that everyone's body is different and the problem will be lessserious for some. Because it is impossible to decide whether or notthis could be a problem for you,health specialists say（健康家）itis advisable（明智的）to check your iron levels. Even when you can'tfeel it, you may still have a problem.1. 被告是位年仅 30 岁的女子，她坚持称自己无罪 (use an appositive)使用同位语The defendant, a woman of only 30, kept insisting on her own innocence（无罪） .2.总体来看，枣、豆类以及一些多叶的绿色蔬菜是最好的铁质来源(use an absolutetructure) 使用独立主格结构All tings considered, dates, beans and some leafy green vegetablesare the best sources of iron.3.正餐时不供应饮料，饮料会影响消化No beverages are served with meals because they interfere withdigestion.4.考虑到那个地方受欢迎的程度，提前订旅馆是明智的Taking the popularity of the region into consideration, it is advisableto book hotels in advance.5.服药后若有呕吐感，请立即停止服用并尽快咨询医生If you have a feeling of wanting to throw up after taking this drug, stoptaking it immediately and consult your doctors as soon as possible.6.总结这次讨论时，他说双方都要好好考虑怎样以最有效的方法来解决这一问题Summing up the discussion, he said both parties should consider themost effective way to solve the problem.unit3While many private schools are focusing more on values（重视）,public schools are moving toward testing standards.The national government demands（需要） academic （学术上的） success and testsare taken as a key measurement（量度；份量，尺寸；） for a school's performance（表现）. Schools with low test scores face penalties（惩罚） such as a reduction（减少） in money to run（经营） their schools. And, even individual teachers are being graded on （分级） how they're preparing their students for these tests."We have concentrated（集中的，全神贯注的） too much on teachingthe kids how to take these tests,"commented（评论） one elementary school teacher（初中老师） ."We should be providing a more comprehensive（综合的，全面的）curriculum（课程） to these kids. We should be cultivating（改善，培养） leadership and curiosity（领导能力和好奇心） . Unfortunately, there is never time."One school principal remarked（重要的评论）, "It's true that it wouldbe beneficial（有益的）to our kids if they were getting better scores onthe subjects being tested. The trouble is that in poorer areas of thecity like ours, kids start school less equipped（被装备） to perform（工作） well. We have many obstacles（障碍） to overcome （战胜，压倒） before we can teach them basic subjects. All schools are not alike（同样地） , so they shouldn't be tested that way.""The goal is to improve performance in schoolsthat are not providing（提供）their students with tools for success,"said one government official. He, however, that he is having a hardtime convincing faculty（服全体教工）and teachers this plan willwork.1.在思方面，与他的行一，他是非常的(use“as”with the meaning of“in the way that , in the manner（方法）that ,like”.)In his thinking, as in his behavior, he is very traditional.2. 教一旦同意接受新的教学划。
英文阅读重要知识点总结
英文阅读重要知识点总结There are several key components to effective reading, including comprehension, fluency, vocabulary, and critical thinking. This article will provide an overview of these crucial elements and offer tips for developing and improving reading skills.ComprehensionComprehension is the ability to understand and interpret the meaning of a text. Good comprehension skills allow readers to engage with the material, make connections, and retain information. There are several strategies that can help improve comprehension, including:- Activating prior knowledge: Before reading a text, it can be helpful to think about what you already know about the topic. This can help you make connections and better understand new information.- Making predictions: As you read, try to anticipate what will happen next in the text. This can help keep you engaged and focused on the material.- Asking questions: Encourage active engagement with the text by asking yourself questions as you read. This can help deepen your understanding and facilitate critical thinking.- Summarizing: After reading, take the time to summarize the main points of the text. This can help reinforce your understanding and retention of the material.FluencyFluency refers to the ability to read smoothly and accurately, with appropriate speed and expression. Developing fluency involves practice and exposure to a wide range of texts. Some strategies for improving fluency include:- Reading aloud: Reading aloud can help improve fluency by providing opportunities to practice pronunciation and pacing.- Rereading familiar texts: Rereading familiar texts can help improve fluency by increasing familiarity with the material and building confidence.- Listening to fluent readers: Listening to fluent readers, such as audiobooks or podcasts, can help improve fluency by modeling correct pronunciation and intonation.VocabularyBuilding a strong vocabulary is essential for effective reading comprehension. A strong vocabulary allows readers to better understand the text and make more informed interpretations. Some strategies for improving vocabulary include:- Reading widely: Exposure to a wide range of texts can help expand vocabulary by introducing new words and concepts.- Using context clues: When encountering unfamiliar words, use context clues to infer the meaning of the word.- Using a dictionary: Look up unfamiliar words in a dictionary to learn their meaning and usage.- Engaging in word games and activities: Word games, such as crossword puzzles or word searches, can be fun ways to build vocabulary.Critical ThinkingCritical thinking is the ability to analyze, evaluate, and interpret information. Critical thinking skills are essential for effective reading, as they enable readers to engage deeply with the text and make informed judgments. Some strategies for developing critical thinking skills include:- Asking questions: Encourage active engagement with the text by asking questions about the material, such as the author's purpose, the main argument, or evidence supporting the argument.- Evaluating evidence: As you read, consider the evidence presented in the text and evaluate its reliability and validity.- Making connections: Think about how the text relates to your own experiences, other texts, or broader issues. Making connections can help deepen your understanding and interpretation of the material.- Forming opinions: Encourage independent thinking by forming your own opinions about the material and supporting them with evidence from the text.In conclusion, developing strong reading skills is essential for academic and professional success. By focusing on comprehension, fluency, vocabulary, and critical thinking, readers can improve their ability to engage with texts, understand complex ideas, and make informed interpretations. With practice and persistence, anyone can become a proficient and confident reader.。
英语读写复习重点
选词：Unit11.They had a team of architects beavering away（努力工作）at a scheme for the rehabilitation （复原，翻修）of District6.2.Baths can help the laxness （疲软，松懈）of the bowels.3.The waiter threatened to chuck us out of（离开）the restaurant if we got drunk.4.When the president’s position was threatened,he issued an order to clamp down on（强行压制）all anti-government activities.5.Britain’s unsettled political scene worries some inventors.6.The value of a fraction （分数）is inversely proportional to that of the denominator（分母）.7.It snorted（轻蔑）) and pranced(腾跃)and pawed at the floor in salivating lust（强烈的愿望）and groveling （卑躬屈膝的）need.8.There was an appealing （吸引力）gravity to every she said.9.The young policeman gritted his teeth（咬紧牙关）and walked slowly towards the armed criminal.10.There is ,at last, a drug to help stress incontinence（无节制，不能自制）---leakage during physical exercise.Unit21.The environment has been degraded（退化）as people’s unsatisfied appetites for natural resource are expanding.2.According to the report last year,computers accounted fo r （占...比例)5% of the city’s commercial electricity consumption.3.Mary always says she is ready to help others but her behaviors are in conflict with（与...不一致）her words.4.Due to the accelerated tempo(速度)of life,fast food restaurants are proliferating（激增，剧增）in recent years.5.People can’t use up （用完，用光）all the natural resources and leave nothing to their offspring.6.Should he succeed in the new market,his rivals will certainly follow sui t.7.The windows are covered with grilles （铁栅）to deter thieves from (阻止)entering.8.The economists said that capital controls could square the circle（成功应对棘手的事）,but these strategies were nerver impeccable（无缺点的).9.Nick has been working fora publishing outfit （组织，机构）since graduation.10.To exploi t resources means to develop them and use them for industry or commercial activities.Unit31.His conduct would be prudent （谨慎的）and cautious;neither extreme nor ostentatious.2.Speech sounds are produced as a continuous sound signal rather than discrete units.3.First and foremost,the whole society should arrive at the consensus that wealth is not the hallmark of social status ,but individual virtues and ethics.4.In the end ,prognostication（语言，预示）is given on trend of the metadata development in the future.5.It is almost certain to argue that a whole-scale reassessment（重新估计)is unnecessary because existing standards are adequate.6.His passion for his work and his courage in fighting his cancer were an inspiration to us all.7.Ramon had managed to endow（捐赠）the statue with a primitive beauty.8.We hope for some cost cuts after the installation of the new automated assemble line.9Try to catch the elusive（易忘的，难懂的) charm of the original translation.10.Briefly,the speed of light is 300,00km/sec,so that’s your theoretical maximum speed,but since we live in the real world, you need to consider what networks can realistically achieve.Unit41.The film,due to be released in spring, is being eagerly anticipated（预言）by the critics.2.Luck wants to concentrate on his film career.3.There is evidence to suggest that some blame lies with（是...的责任）the police.4.We arrived just as the ceremony was about to begin.5.He is best known for his interpretation of English folk music.6.The two groups are similar with respect to（关于）the age.7.The following examples illustrate our approach to customer service.8.I expect my instructions to be carried out to the letter.9.Their spokesperson has rejected all our attempts to talk to hin.10.Their current situation seems to be similar to ours.Unit61.All the signs at the moment point to（表明）an early resumption （恢复）of the fighting between the two country.2.The council was an aggregate of（总计，总和）three regional assemblies.3.The politician paly on（利用）the patriotic sentiments of the people from ulterior motives.4.Their team will undertake（从事）exploration for oil.5.The bilateral relationship between the two countries is being ushered towards（引导）peace and prosperity.6.These leaders seem more well-placed（地位高的）to take us into the subsequent years.7.Being late so often wil l jeopardiz e（损害) your chances for promotion.8.The figures suggest that girls are underachiveing relative to（与...对比)boys.9.He thinks by all his fast talking and flattery（奉承，谄媚）he can pull the wool over（欺骗）her eyes ,but she isn’t deceived.10.These demands run counter to（与....背道而驰）the agreements we have reached.Unit71.I’m not suggesting you never invest in technology,but make sure you take expert advice,and embark （开始，着手）on such a move only when the time is right .2.Mark often act s grumpily （脾气暴躁的）if Kathleen wakes him up too early in the morning .3.In the mid-1990s,we collaborated（合作）with many German business and multinational banks to develop more logical and rational service.4.Indeed ,it has been snowing on and off（不时地）all week across much of northern China.5.Instead ,Britain has reverted（恢复to type, preferring to play second fiddle t（当副手，居次位）to Washington rather than take its place in the front row of a European orchestra.6.Observers say the combination of ruthless（无情的，冷酷的)repression and apparent attempts at dialogue reflects rifts（裂缝，裂开）at the highest levels of the government.7.I have to tie up （妥善解决）loose ends before immigrating to America.8.University work hand in glove with（互相合作，亲密无间) i ndustry.Students and professors often set up companies to commercialize their ideas.9.I think I’m big-hearted（慷慨的）enough never to revenge myself on others.10.A lot of them complained that they didn’t know who they could trust,as they always attracted hangers-on（逢迎者）who wanted something and weren’t true friends.Units81.I would rather have the affectionate regard of my fellow men than I would have heaps of （大量)gold.2.Any infections disease must be notified at once to the Health Ministry.3.The UAE hopes to become the first Gulf state to develop a civilian nuclear programme to help meet soaring demand for power.4.By now you have to unpick（解决) the knottiest （最棘手的）problem---money,in order to set up a flower shop.5.Try listing your objectives out to see what you think you’d be best a t and where you’d need improvement.6.We know that these new realities require us t o innovate ,to compete,and to lead in new ways .7.But Southeast Asians are no t immune（免疫的）to this kind of nonsense either.8.All the cultural and spiritual eminence （显赫，卓越）of man is conditioned by the accumulation of capital.9.Is this proof that Australia has very high standing（持续）in communication.10.Some companies slash the price of certain product to compete with other companies.翻译：Unit11、那人的手臂与他的身高不成比例。
【人教pep版】小学英语总复习：基础知识与重点难点分析详解(Word版,13页)
第一部分：基础知识1.字母：26个字母的大小写ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz2.语音：元音的发音五个元音字母：AEIOU12个单元音：前元音：[i:] [ɪ] /e/ [æ]中元音：[ɜ:] [ə]后元音：[ɑ:] [ɒ] [ɔ:] [u :] [ʊ] [ʌ]双元音（8个）合口双元音（5个）[ai] [ei] [au] [əu] [ɔi]集中双元音（3个）[iə][εə][uə]3.词汇：词汇量，近反义词4.句子：大小写，标点符号第二部分：语法知识1名词：名词单复数，名词的格(一)名词单复数一般情况，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes, watch-watches以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如：knife-knives不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth, fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese不可数名词的复数就是原型：paper, juice, water, milk, rice, tea(二)名词的格有生命的东西的名词所有格：a) 单数后加’s 如: Lucy’s ruler my father’s shirtb) 以s 结尾的复数名词后加’如: his friends’bagsc) 不以s 结尾的复数后加’s children’s shoes并列名词中，如果把’s加在最后一个名词后，表示共有, 如:Tom and Mike’s car 汤姆和迈克共有的小汽车要表示所有物不是共有的，应分别在并列名词后加’sTom’s and Mike’s cars 汤姆和麦克各自的小汽车(2)表示无生命东西的名词通常用“of +名词”来表示所有关系：如:a picture of the classroom a map of China2冠词：不定冠词，定冠词种类(1)不定冠词：a / an a unit / an uncle元音开头的可数名词前用an :an egg / an apple / an orange / an eraser / an answer /an ID card / an alarm clock / an actor / an actress / an e-mail /an address / an event / an example / an opera /an houran old man / an interesting book / an exciting sport /an action movie / an art lesson /(2)定冠词：the the egg the plane定冠词的用法：特指某(些)人或某(些)物：The ruler is on the desk.复述上文提到的人或物：He has a sweater. The sweater is new.谈话双方都知道的人或物：The boys aren’t at school.在序数词前：John’s birthday is February the second.用于固定词组中：in the morning / afternoon / evening不用冠词的情况：专有名词前：China is a big country.名词前有定语：this , that , my , your , some, any , no 等：This is my baseball.复数名词表示一类人和事：Monkeys can’t swim. They are teachers.在节日，日期，月份，季节前：Today is Christmas Day. It’s Sunday.一日三餐前：We have breakfast at 6:30.球类棋类运动前：They often play football after class. He plays chess at home. * 但乐器前要用定冠词：I play the guitar very well.学科名称前：My favorite subject is music.在称呼或头衔的名词前：This is Mr Li.固定词组中：at noon at night by bus3代词、形容词、副词1).代词：人称代词，物主代词人称代词物主代词主格宾格第一人称单数I(我)memy(我的)复数we(我们)usour(我们的)第二人称单数you(你)youyour(你的)复数you(你们)youyour(你们的)第三人称单数he(他)himhis(他的)she(她)herher(她的)it(它)itits(它的)复数they(他们/她们/它们)themtheir(他们的/她们的/它们的)2).形容词，副词：比较级，最高级(一)、形容词的比较级1、形容词比较级在句子中的运用：两个事物或人的比较用比较级，比较级后面一般带有单词than。
(完整word版)英语复习资料(word文档良心出品)
U1 4.诸如背弃朋友这类事并不受法律制约，所以才有了我们称作的道德法庭Laws do not regulate such things as betrayal to friends, that is why there is what we call the court of morality 5.有人把今天的文化描述为快餐文化。
无论做什么事，人们只是追求用最短时间达到最大的满足Today’s culture is described as fast-food culture, whatever they may be; people just pursue the greatest satisfaction within the shortest time.6.常言说，天下没有免费的午餐。
如果你想要什么，就得去挣As the saying goes, there is no such thing as a free lunch. If you want something, go and earn it.U2 1.无论是友情还是爱情，你都不可能期待自己付出最少而得到最多。
In either friendship or love, you should never expect to receive the maximum while you give the minimum.2.我把全部希望寄托在他的承诺上，结果却发现他根本不是个真诚的人。
I built all my hopes on his promises, only to find that he was not a man of sincerity at all.3.我们带母亲去了所有我们能找到的最好的医院，但一切努力都是徒劳的，母亲还是没能熬过那次疾病。
We took mother to all the best hospitals we could find, but all our efforts were in vain; she failed to survive the disease.U3 1.千百年来哲学家们费尽心机从各自的角度阐释何为幸福.For thousands of years philosophers have taken pains to explain the meaning of happiness from their own points of view.2.刚上大学的时候，突然发现自己得处理所有日常事物，知道那是自己才觉得在父母身边生活真是幸福。
(word版)六年级英语总复习知识点总结,文档
小学六年级英语总复习知识点归纳之一7)1、字母：(大小)辨、写序:AaBbCcDdEeFfGgHhIiJjKkLlMmNnOoPpQqRrSsTtUuVvWwXxYyZz.元音字母：Aa,Ee,Ii,Oo,Uu半元音字母:Yy写容易的字母：E,F,G,M,N,d,i,p,q,x,y.(2) 数字：基数和序数的运用，如算、物等.基数:One,two,three,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten,eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen ⋯twenty,twenty -one⋯thirty,forty,fifty ⋯ei ghty,ninety,one/ahundred,one/ahundredandone ⋯twohundred.序数:first,second,third,fourth,fifth,sixth,seventh,eighth,ninth,tenth,eleventh,twelfth ⋯twentieth,twenty -first,twenty-second,twenty- third,twenty- four⋯thirtieth,fortieth,fiftieth ⋯eightieth,ninetieth ⋯相关句型:1)What’sthirtyandforty?Thatcomestoseventy.2)What’syourtelephone number?Mytelephonenumberis83555723.3)Whattimeisit?It ’shalfpastten.Whendoyouusuallygetup?Atsixthirty-five.Wheredoyoulive?IliveatRenminRoad.6)Howoldareyou?I ’mtwelve.Howmuchdoesitcost?Itcosts50yuan.Howmanycarshaveyougot?Ihavegot6cars.Howmanybirdscanyouseeinthetree?Icansee3.10)Howmanydollsarethereonthebed?Thereisone/adoll.Howmanydollsarethereonthebed?Therearefourdolls. Whichfloordoyouliveon?Iliveonthefifthfloor.Excuseme,canyoutellmethewaytoBaiyunhotel?Yes,godownthisstreet,thenturnleftatthethirdcrossing ⋯.14)Who’sthefifthgirlfromtheright?She’smycousin.注意：数的用;不可数名及它的量的表示方法;many与much在用法上的区;thereis/are与have/has 在用法上的区.(3)色：物的色colours:red,pink,yellow,brown,blue,purple,orange,black,white,grey,darkblue,lightblue.相关句型:1)Whatcolourisyourcoat?It’s...2)What’syourfavouritecolour?Myfavouritecolouris⋯：年、季、月、星期、日、刻year,season(spring,summer,autumn,winter),month:January,February,March,April,May,June,July,August,September,October,November,December.Week:Sunday,Monday,Tuesday,Wednesday,Thursday,Friday,Saturday.Day:1stMay(thefirstofMay),May2nd(Maythesecond)Time:(an)hour,minute,second10:05(fiveminutespastten,tenofive)10:10(tenminutespastten,tenten)10:15(quarterpastten,tenfifteen)10:30(halfpastten,tenthirty)10:45(quartertoeleven,tenforty-five)11:00(eleveno’clock)相关句型:1)Howoldisyourmother?She’sthirty-sixyearsold.2)Howmanymonthsarethereinayear?Thereare12.3)When’syourbirthday?Mybirthdayiso n15thJanuary(thefifteenthof January).4)Whendoyougetup?Igetupatsixo’clock.5)Whendoesspringlast?Itlastsfor3monthsfromMarchtoMay.6)Whattimeisit?It’squartertonine.(5-8)食品与料：人食品与料的喜好;西方食品food:meat,rice,fish,bread,egg,cake,drinks:water,milk,orange/apple/watermelon/banana/strawberryjuice,coke,coffee,black/greentea⋯相关句型:1)Wouldyoulikesomethingtodrink/eat?Yes,I’dlikesome⋯No,thanks.2)Wouldyouliketoeat/drink?I’dliketoeat/drink⋯No,thanks.3)What’syourfavouritefood/drink?Myfavouritefood/drinkis⋯4)CouldIhavesome⋯?Yes,please.(6)服装：服装的色:人服装的喜好;某人的穿戴;所属关系clothes:hat,cap,coat,shirt,T-shirt,skirt,dress,sweater,jacket,trousers,sock,shoeputon,wear所属关系:形容性的物主代:my,your,his,her,its,our,their名性的物主代:mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,theirs相关句型:1)Whatdoesitlooklike?Itlikeswearingablueshirt.2)Whoseshoesarethese?They’remine.They’reTom’s.3)Isthis/that/ityourbook?Yes,itis.No,itisn’t.4)Isthispencilyours?Yes,itis.No,itisn’t.5)Arethese/those/theyyourcoatsandtrousers?Yes,theyare.No,theyaren’t.Arethoseclothestheirs?Yes,theyare.No,theyaren’t.Thisismyhat.Thathatishis.注意：名，复数;物主代(名性的物主代，形容性的物主代格，如：Tom’s,myfather’s,theteachers’.玩具和文具：特点、色、所属关系;存在的位置Toys:doll,toy⋯文具:desk,book,bag,pen,pencil,pencil-box,ruler,chair,ball存在的位置:in,on,under,beside,behind,infrontof,inthefrontof,inthemiddleof,atthebackof⋯(aplace/aperson).);名所有相关句型:1)Thereisacupofteaonthetable.Therearesomeorangesinthefridge.Isthereanymilkintheglass?Yes,thereis.No,thereisn’t.4)Arethereanyorangesinthefridges?Yes,thereare.No,therearen’t.5)What’sunderthedesk?Thereisanorange./Therearesomeoranges.日常生活用品：特点、色、所属关系;存在的位置words:shelf,table,clock,brush,telephone,light,computer,bike,fridge,glass,knife,keyboard,bottle,box,plate,photo,photograph,f ax,radio,super-market,bookstore,noodles/cake/clothes/shoe/TVshop.特点:big,small,heavy,light,white,black,empty,full,old,new,beautiful,cu t e,tall,short,strong,plump,nice,good,bad⋯小学六年级英语总复习知识点归纳之三(9-12)物：家畜、家禽;物、物园及野生物的特点;生活地点和所属关系words(animals):cat,dog,duck,goose(geese)fish,sheep,bird,panda,monkey,rabbit,hen,cock,chicken,tiger,lion,pig,cow,mouse(mice),giraffe,dolphin,生活地点：athome,inafarm,inazoo⋯所属关系：同上(7)(10)植物：特点、所属关系;存在的位置words:tree,rose,flower,leaf(leaves)⋯境与建筑：特点、所属关系;存在的位置buildings:factory,hospital,park,house,library,museum,office,farm,postoffice,bank,policestation,trainstation,sport sstadium,departmentstore,store,school,classroom,house:bathroom,living-room,sitting-room,bedroom,washroom,kitchen,garden⋯房子的根本构造：door,gate,wall,window,floor⋯相关句型:1)Wheredoyoustudyat?IstudyatLongdongPrimarySchool.Wheredoesyourmotherworkat?Sheworksatahospital.Let’smeetatthegateofthepark.Mybrotherisplayinginthegarden.身体：特点body:head,hair,eye,nose,ear,mouth,neck,shoulder,hand,finger,foot(feet),toe⋯外貌:fat,thin,plump,tall,short,old,young,roundface,twobigblueeyes,longhair,shorthair,blackhair,whitehair⋯相关句型:1)I’m/You’re/He’s/She’s/We’re/They’re(not)tall.2)Ishe/shetallorshort?He’s/She’stall(short).I/We/They/Youhave(got)blackhair.He/Shehas(got)aroundface.Hashe/shegotlonghair?Yes,he/shehas.No,he/shehasn’t.注意：描述人的外貌，have与has用法上的区;形容的用法，如:tall,short,old,young,black,long⋯小学六年级英语总复习知识点归纳之四(13-16)个人情况：姓名、年、地址、特点与好age,year,address,e-mailaddress,hobby,hobby:collectingstamps(coins),goingswimming⋯doingsth相关句型:1)Howoldareyou?I’mthirteenyearsold.2)I’mathirteen-yearoldboy.What’syouraddress?IliveatRenminroad.What’syoure-mailaddress?Mye-mailaddressis123VIP@126 .What’syourhobby?Myhobbyisgoingrunning.6)I/You/Theylikemusic.Helikessightseeing.8)Doyoulikereading?Yes,Ido.No,Idon9)Doeshe/shelikeplayingbasketball?’t.Yes,he/shedoes.No,he/shedoesn’t.注意：描述个人的喜好：名和-ing形式作;主是第三人称数一般在的化。
2024年初中英语中考复习题型指导---读写综合+课件
B.书面表达 B部分与大多数书面表达的要求基本一致，但其主题一定要与
A 部分的内容有关联。它要求考生根据A 部分的内容以及题目的提 示和要求，写一篇80词左右的短文。但在2023年以思维导图形式 给出提示（形式同广州中考），相比2022年难度降低了。
考情分析
A.回答问题 2020—2023年广东省中考回答问题考情表
2023
2022
2021
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
2020
梦是什么，梦
古今获取新闻 新冠疫情期间
话题
最佳锻炼时间
的功能
的途径介绍 传递关爱
一般现在时； 一般现在时； 一般现在时； 一般现在时； 时态
一般过去时 一般过去时 现在完成时 现在完成时
1.文章涉及的主题、体裁广泛，主要摘自报纸&网站的新闻报 道、博客论坛或调查报告等。
76.Who discovered that dreams may make you smart？ 77.When does the brain review your experiences in the day？ 78.Where does the brain replay the painful memories？ 79.What might help you get higher marks according to the passage？ 80.Which matters more for creativity， hard work or dreams？
80.Hard work. 【解析】题意：对于创造力来说，哪一个更重要，努 力工作还是梦？根据最后一段最后一句“In a word，hard work matters more for creativity，though dreams also have a role to play.”可知，努力 工作对于创造力更重要。
英语读写复习重点.docx
选词：Unitl1 .They had a team of architects beavering away （努力工作）at a scheme for the rehabilitation （复原，翻修）of District6 ・2.Baths can help the laxness （疲软，松懈）of the bowels.3・The waiter threatened to chuck us out of （离开）the restaurant if we got drunk・4.When the president's position was threatened,he issued an order to damp down on （强行压制）all anti-government activities・5.Britain\ unsettled political scene worries some inventors・6.The value of a fraction （分数）is inversely proportional to that of the denominator （分母）.7.It snorted （轻蔑））and pranced（腾跃）and pawed at the floor in salivating lust （强烈的愿望）and groveling （卑躬屈膝的）need.8.There was an appealing （吸弓| 力）gravity to every she said.9.The young policeman gritted his teeth （咬紧牙关）and walked slowly towards the armed criminal.10.There is ,at last, a drug to help stress incontinence （无节制，不能自制）…leakage during physical exercise. Unit21.The environment has been degraded （退化）as peopled unsatisfied appetites for natural resource are expanding.2.Accor ding to the report last yeaucompiiters accounted for （占…比例）5% of the city's commercial electricity consumption.3.Mary always says she is ready to help others but her behaviors are in conflict with （与…不一致）her words.4.Due to the accelerated tempo（速度）of life,fast food restaurants are proliferating （激增，剧增）in recent years.5.People can't use up （用完，用光）all the natural resources and leave nothing to their offspring・6.Should he succeed in the new market,his rivals will certain 1 y follow suit.7.The windows are covered with grilles （铁栅）to deter thieves from （阻止［entering.8.The economists said that capital controls could square the circle （成功应对棘手的事）,but these strategies were nerver impeccable （无缺点白勺）.9.Nick has been working fora publishing outfit （组织，机构）since graduation・1 OeTo exploit resources means to develop them and use them for industry or commercial activities.Unit3l.His conduct would be prudent （谨慎“勺）and cautious;neither extreme nor ostentatious.2.Speech sounds are produced as a continuous sound signal rather than discrete units.3.First and foremost,the whole society should arrive at the consensus that wealth is not the hallmark of social status ,but individual virtues and ethics-4.1n the end ‘prognostication （语言，预示） is given on trend of the metadata development in the future.5.It is almost certain to argue that a whole・scale reassessment （重新f占计）is unnecessary because existing standards are adequate・6.His passion for his work and his courage in fighting his cancer were an inspiration to us all.7.Ramon had managed to endow （扌目贝曽）the statue with a primitive beauty.&We hope for some cost cuts after the installation of the new automated assemble line.9Try to catch the elusive （易忘的，难懂的）charm of the original translation.10.BrieflyJhe speed of light is 300,00km/sec,so lhaTs your theoretical maximum speed,but since we live in thereal world, you need to consider what networks can realistically achieve. Unit41.T he film,due to be released in spring, is being eagerly anticipated （预言）by the critics.2.Luck wants to concentrate on his film career.3.There is evidence to suggest that some blame lies with （是…的责任）the police.4.We arrived just as the ceremony was about to begin.5.He is best known for his interpretation of English folk music.6.The two groups are similar with respect to （关于）the age.7.The following examples illustrate our approach to customer service.8.1expect my instructions to be carried out to the lette匚9.Their spokesperson has rejected all our attempts to talk to hin.10.Their current situation seems to be similar to ours.Unit61.A11 the signs at the moment point to（表明）an early resumption （恢复）of the fighting between the two country.2.The council was an a^regate of （总计，总和）three regional assemblies.3.The politician paly on （利用）the patriotic sentiments of the people from ulterior motives.4.Their team will undertake （从事）exploration for oil.5. The bilateral relationship between the two countries is being ushered towards （弓| 导）peace and prosperity ・6.These leaders seem more well・placed （1 也位高白勺）to take us into the subsequent years・7.Being late so often will jeopardize （损害）your chances for promotion.8.The figures suggest that girls are underachiveing relative to （与••以寸比）boys・9-He thinks by all his fast talking and flattery （奉承，谄媚）he can pull the wool over （欺骗）her eyes ,but she isn't deceived.lO.These demands rim counter to （与•…背道而驰）the agreements we have reached・Unit71-Frn not suggesting you never invest in technology,but make sure you take expert advice,and embark （开始，着手）on such a move only when the time is right.2.Mark often acts grumpily （脾气暴躁的）讦Kathleen wakes him up too early in the morning ・3.In the mid-1990s,we collaborated （合作）with many German business and multinational banks to develop more logical and rational service.4.1ndeed ,it has been snowing on and off （不吋地）all week across much of northern China.5.Instead ,Britain has reverted （恢复to type, preferring to play second fiddle t （当副手，居次位）to Washington rather than take its place in the front row of a European orchestra.6.Observers say the combination of ruthless （无情的，冷酷的）repression and apparent attempts at dialogue reflects rifts （裂缝，裂开） at the highest levels of the government.7.1have to tie up （妥善解决）loose ends before immigrating to America.8.U niversity work hand in glove with （互相合作，亲密无间）industry.Students and professors often set up companies to commercialize their ideas・9.1think Fm big-hearted （慷慨的）enough never to revenge myself on others.10.A lot of them complained that they didn't know who they could trust,as they always attracted hangers-on （逢迎者）who wanted something and weren^t true friends-Units8（大量）gold.1.1w ould rather have the affectionate regard of my fellow men than I would have heaps of2.Any infections disease must be notified at once to the Health Ministry.3.The UAE hopes to become the first Gulf state to develop a civilian nuclear programme to help meet soaring demand for power.4.By now you have to unpick （解决）the knottiest（最棘手的）problem…money^in order to set up a flower shop.5.Try listing your objectives out to see what you think you'd be best at and where you'd need improvement.6.We know that these new realities require us t o innovate ,to compete,and to lead in new ways ・7.But Southeast Asians are not immune （免疫的）to this kind of nonsense either.8.A11 the cultural and spiritual eminence（显赫, 卓越）of man is conditioned by the accumulation of capital.9.1s this proof that Australia has very high standing （持续）in communication.lO.Some companies slash the price of certain product to compete with other companies.翻译：Unitl1、那人的手臂与他的身高不成比例。
(word完整版)小学英语毕业考总复习重点人教版PEP(2021年整理精品文档)
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小学英语毕业考总复习重点（新人教版教材PEP）1.Where is the cinema？（电影院在哪里？）-It's next to the bookstore.）-Where is the science museum？（科学博物馆在哪里？）-near the library。
(2.-How can I get to the science museum?（我要怎样才能到科学博物馆?)在学校左转.然后直走。
）？（我们要怎样才能到那里？）(到书店左转.然后走到医院右转。
）3.How do you go to school？（你怎样去学校？）-I go to school by subway. / By subway. /I （often）（我乘地铁去上学。
)-How do you come to school?（你怎样来学校?）—I come to school on foot(我走路来上学.）-How do we get there？（我们怎样到那儿？）/ We get there by bus.（我们坐公交车到那儿。
）4.What are you going to do tomorrow？(你明天打算干什么？）—I'm going to see a filmWhat are you going to buy(你打算去买什么?）—I'm going to buy some word books.(我打算去买几本词汇书。
英语读写知识点
Turn out制造，关灯，结果是…，出席（某项活动）词组引申：turn out to be 结果却是，原来是，证明是Eg:Their new car turned out to be lemon他们的新车结果却是个残次品。
Turn over 移交，仔细考虑,变换（电视频道等）Eg: The scandal tok a new turn over the weekend.周末时丑闻有了新的发展。
Turn around (使)转身，（使）好转，改变意见Eg: The bus had to back up and turn around.那辆公共汽车不得不先往后退，然后再掉头。
Turn to （使）转向，（使）变成，求助于Eg: There was no one to turn to ,no one to tell.没人可以求助，没人可以诉说。
Turn up 翻起，出现，开大（声音等）Eg: Bill would turn up the TV in the other room.比尔会把另一个房间里的声音开大。
Turn down 减少，拒绝，关小Eg:There’s no reason whatsoever to urn down this suggestion. 没有任何理由拒绝这个建议。
Turn on 打开（暖气，水，电视，收音机，灯，煤气等）Eg: I wish I knew how to turn on the heating.真希望我知道怎么开暖气。
Turn upon 取决于…，随…而定Turn in 上床睡觉，上交，归还Eg: Would you like some tea before you turn in .睡前想喝杯茶吗？Turn off （把…）关掉，完成，解雇，转向Eg: The boy had the presence of mind t urn off the gas.那男孩镇定地关掉了煤气。
小学英语知识点总结word
小学英语知识点总结word1. AlphabetThe English alphabet consists of 26 letters, including 5 vowels and 21 consonants. It is important for children to learn and memorize the letters of the alphabet, as it is the basic building block of the language. Once children have mastery over the alphabet, they can move on to learning how to pronounce and spell words.2. PhonicsPhonics is a method of teaching children to read by helping them understand how letters are associated with sounds. Teaching phonics to children helps them learn to pronounce words correctly and improves their reading and spelling skills. Children should be taught the sounds of individual letters and how to blend these sounds together to form words.3. VocabularyBuilding a strong vocabulary is essential for children to effectively communicate in English. Children should be exposed to a wide range of words and their meanings. They should be encouraged to learn new words and use them in their everyday conversations. This can be done through activities such as reading, playing word games, and engaging in conversations with others.4. GrammarUnderstanding basic grammar rules is important for children to form correct sentences and express themselves clearly. Children should be taught about parts of speech such as nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs. They should also learn about sentence structure, punctuation, and tense usage.5. ReadingReading is a fundamental skill that children need to develop in order to become proficient in English. Children should be encouraged to read a variety of texts, including storybooks, newspapers, and informational texts. Reading helps children improve their comprehension, fluency, and vocabulary, as well as exposes them to different writing styles and genres.6. WritingWriting is another important skill that children need to develop in order to effectively communicate in English. Children should be taught how to form letters, spell words, and structure sentences. They should also be encouraged to write their own stories, essays, and journal entries to practice their writing skills.7. Speaking and ListeningSpeaking and listening are vital components of language learning. Children should be given opportunities to engage in conversations with others, listen to others speak, and participate in activities that require them to speak and listen. This helps children improve their pronunciation, comprehension, and communication skills.8. Common Phrases and ExpressionsTeaching children common phrases and expressions that are commonly used in English is helpful for building their conversational skills. Children should learn how to greet others, ask for help, express their feelings, and engage in polite conversation.9. Cultural UnderstandingLearning English also involves understanding the culture of English-speaking countries. Children should be exposed to the customs, traditions, holidays, and values of English-speaking cultures. This helps children develop a deeper understanding of the language and the people who speak it.10. Practice and ExposureLastly, practice and exposure are key to mastering English. Children should be given plenty of opportunities to practice speaking, reading, writing, and listening to English. They should be exposed to English language materials such as books, movies, music, and websites to reinforce their learning.In conclusion, learning English at a young age is beneficial for children as it helps them develop strong language skills that will benefit them in the future. By focusing on these key points, children can build a solid foundation in English and become proficient in the language. With dedication, practice, and exposure, children can develop strong English language skills that will serve them well throughout their lives.。
英语复习重点.doc
铺设地下电缆 缆车索道有线电视许多电视频道 穿过英吉利海峡 通过官方渠道 通过可靠途径 气温的变化幅度 各行各业 狭窄的选择范围Unit 1Translate the expressions into Chinese or English.keep up with the times 跟上时代keep up with the latest development 跟上最新的发展keep up with the rapidly developing situation 跟上迅速发展的形势 catch up with advanced technical level 跟上先进的技术水平a cable car 缆车lay underground cables a cable railway cable television a great number of TV channels cross the English Channel through official channels through the reliable channel(s) the range of temperature a wide range of industries a narrow range of choices a wide range ofinterests 广泛的兴趣 Complete the sentences by using v. + it + adjJn. + to v. or v. + it + adjJn. + that-clause. It is impossible to geteverything ready in time. They all considered it impossible to get everything ready in time.1. It is a pity that you cannot come. We all thought it a pity that youcould not come. 2. Possibly John will come later. We thought it possible that John would come.3. Is it necessary to argue with him about it?Do you think it necessary to argue with him about it?4. To describe the details is difficult.We found it dijficult for us to describe the details ・5. It is an excellent idea for them to put up a new building by the riverside.They found it an excellent idea for them to put up a new building by the riverside ・6. It is clear that we should know how to write our laboratory reports.The professor has made it clear that we should know how to write our laboratory repoFts.Translate the sentences into English他们认为有必要对自己网站上的每日新闻提供深度报道。
英语读写知识点总结
英语读写知识点总结Importance of LiteracyLiteracy is the ability to read, write, and comprehend information. It is a fundamental skill that is necessary for success in both academic and professional settings. Literacy enables individuals to access and understand written information, communicate effectively, and think critically. Without strong literacy skills, individuals may struggle to comprehend complex texts, articulate their thoughts and ideas, and engage in meaningful conversations.The ability to read and write is essential for acquiring knowledge, expressing ideas, and participating in society. Literacy is a key determinant of academic and career success, as it is required for performing tasks such as reading textbooks, writing essays, and interpreting instructions. Additionally, literacy plays a crucial role in promoting lifelong learning, as individuals who are literate are better able to engage with new ideas and perspectives.Strategies for ReadingEffective reading strategies can help individuals comprehend and analyze texts more efficiently. Some key strategies for reading include:1. Skimming: Skimming involves quickly scanning a text to get an overview of its main ideas and structure. This can be useful for previewing a text before reading it in depth.2. Scanning: Scanning involves searching a text for specific information, such as a particular word or phrase. This can be useful for locating specific details within a text without reading it in its entirety.3. Active reading: Active reading involves engaging with a text by asking questions, making connections, and taking notes. This can help individuals comprehend and remember the material more effectively.4. Close reading: Close reading involves carefully analyzing a text for details, themes, and nuances. This can help individuals understand complex or challenging texts more thoroughly.5. Contextualizing: Contextualizing involves considering the broader context in which a text was written, including the author's background, the historical period, and the cultural and social context. This can help individuals interpret and evaluate the text more critically. Strategies for WritingEffective writing strategies can help individuals organize and articulate their thoughts more clearly. Some key strategies for writing include:1. Planning: Planning involves brainstorming ideas, outlining the structure of the writing, and organizing the content. This can help individuals clarify their thoughts and ensure that their writing is well-structured.2. Drafting: Drafting involves writing a first version of the text, focusing on getting the ideas down on paper without worrying too much about grammar or style. This can help individuals develop their ideas and get started with the writing process.3. Revising: Revising involves reviewing and refining the content of the writing, focusing on improving clarity, coherence, and organization. This can help individuals strengthen their arguments and ensure that their writing is effective.4. Editing: Editing involves reviewing and correcting the mechanics of the writing, such as grammar, punctuation, and spelling. This can help individuals polish their writing and ensure that it is free from errors.5. Seeking feedback: Seeking feedback involves sharing the writing with others to get their input and suggestions for improvement. This can help individuals gain different perspectives and identify areas for revision.Tips for Improving Reading and Writing SkillsThere are several tips that can help individuals improve their reading and writing skills:1. Read regularly: Reading regularly can help individuals build their vocabulary, improve their comprehension, and expose themselves to different writing styles and genres.2. Practice writing: Writing regularly can help individuals develop their ability to articulate their thoughts, organize their ideas, and express themselves effectively.3. Expand vocabulary: Expanding vocabulary can help individuals understand and use language more effectively. This can be achieved through reading, writing, and engaging with new words and concepts.4. Seek feedback: Seeking feedback from peers, teachers, or tutors can help individuals identify areas for improvement and gain new perspectives on their reading and writing.5. Set goals: Setting specific, achievable goals for reading and writing can help individuals track their progress and stay motivated to improve their skills.6. Engage with diverse texts: Engaging with diverse texts, including different genres, perspectives, and formats, can help individuals broaden their understanding of language and literature.ConclusionReading and writing are essential skills that are necessary for success in both academic and professional settings. Effective reading strategies, such as skimming, scanning, activereading, close reading, and contextualizing, can help individuals comprehend and analyze texts more efficiently. Similarly, effective writing strategies, such as planning, drafting, revising, editing, and seeking feedback, can help individuals organize and articulate their thoughts more clearly. By following the tips for improving reading and writing skills, individuals can strengthen their literacy skills and engage more effectively with the world around them.。
英语读写复习
1.对于网络课程。
学生不仅可以选择何时何地学习，在回答问题之前他们还可以有时间思考答案。
Not only can students choose when and where to learn for an online course,but they can also take time to think through answers before making a reply.2.网上学习的想法使她非常兴奋，而他认为网上学习毫无意义和用处。
She is excited by the idea of online learning while he considers it meaningless and useless.3.与以英语为母语的人交谈是非常有益的体验，从中我们能学到许多东西。
Communicating with native English speakers is a very rewarding experience from which we can learn a lot.4.如今，越来越多的人可以利用互联网查找他们需要的信息。
Today,more and more people have access to the Internet to find the information they need.5.他要她放弃工作在家照顾孩子，但是她觉得这个要求太过分了。
He wants her to give up working and stay home to look after the children,she feels however that this is to much for her.6.既然我们已经学完这门课程，就应该多做些复习。
Now that we have finished the course,we shall do more revision work.7.当她就要关掉音乐时，她父亲冲进她的房间，朝着她喊道：“难道你就不能把音乐关小一点？”As she was about to turn off the music,her father burst into the room and shouted at her,”Can’t you turn down the music a little bit?”8.酒吧的老板一直在看那个姑娘跳舞，一面却假装没有看。
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选词：Unitl1 .They had a team of architects beavering away （努力工作）at a scheme for the rehabilitation （复原，翻修）of District6 ・2.Baths can help the laxness （疲软，松懈）of the bowels.3・The waiter threatened to chuck us out of （离开）the restaurant if we got drunk・4.When the president's position was threatened,he issued an order to damp down on （强行压制）all anti-government activities・5.Britain\ unsettled political scene worries some inventors・6.The value of a fraction （分数）is inversely proportional to that of the denominator （分母）.7.It snorted （轻蔑））and pranced（腾跃）and pawed at the floor in salivating lust （强烈的愿望）and groveling （卑躬屈膝的）need.8.There was an appealing （吸弓| 力）gravity to every she said.9.The young policeman gritted his teeth （咬紧牙关）and walked slowly towards the armed criminal.10.There is ,at last, a drug to help stress incontinence （无节制，不能自制）…leakage during physical exercise. Unit21.The environment has been degraded （退化）as peopled unsatisfied appetites for natural resource are expanding.2.Accor ding to the report last yeaucompiiters accounted for （占…比例）5% of the city's commercial electricity consumption.3.Mary always says she is ready to help others but her behaviors are in conflict with （与…不一致）her words.4.Due to the accelerated tempo（速度）of life,fast food restaurants are proliferating （激增，剧增）in recent years.5.People can't use up （用完，用光）all the natural resources and leave nothing to their offspring・6.Should he succeed in the new market,his rivals will certain 1 y follow suit.7.The windows are covered with grilles （铁栅）to deter thieves from （阻止［entering.8.The economists said that capital controls could square the circle （成功应对棘手的事）,but these strategies were nerver impeccable （无缺点白勺）.9.Nick has been working fora publishing outfit （组织，机构）since graduation・1 OeTo exploit resources means to develop them and use them for industry or commercial activities.Unit3l.His conduct would be prudent （谨慎“勺）and cautious;neither extreme nor ostentatious.2.Speech sounds are produced as a continuous sound signal rather than discrete units.3.First and foremost,the whole society should arrive at the consensus that wealth is not the hallmark of social status ,but individual virtues and ethics-4.1n the end ‘prognostication （语言，预示） is given on trend of the metadata development in the future.5.It is almost certain to argue that a whole・scale reassessment （重新f占计）is unnecessary because existing standards are adequate・6.His passion for his work and his courage in fighting his cancer were an inspiration to us all.7.Ramon had managed to endow （扌目贝曽）the statue with a primitive beauty.&We hope for some cost cuts after the installation of the new automated assemble line.9Try to catch the elusive （易忘的，难懂的）charm of the original translation.10.BrieflyJhe speed of light is 300,00km/sec,so lhaTs your theoretical maximum speed,but since we live in thereal world, you need to consider what networks can realistically achieve. Unit41.T he film,due to be released in spring, is being eagerly anticipated （预言）by the critics.2.Luck wants to concentrate on his film career.3.There is evidence to suggest that some blame lies with （是…的责任）the police.4.We arrived just as the ceremony was about to begin.5.He is best known for his interpretation of English folk music.6.The two groups are similar with respect to （关于）the age.7.The following examples illustrate our approach to customer service.8.1expect my instructions to be carried out to the lette匚9.Their spokesperson has rejected all our attempts to talk to hin.10.Their current situation seems to be similar to ours.Unit61.A11 the signs at the moment point to（表明）an early resumption （恢复）of the fighting between the two country.2.The council was an a^regate of （总计，总和）three regional assemblies.3.The politician paly on （利用）the patriotic sentiments of the people from ulterior motives.4.Their team will undertake （从事）exploration for oil.5. The bilateral relationship between the two countries is being ushered towards （弓| 导）peace and prosperity ・6.These leaders seem more well・placed （1 也位高白勺）to take us into the subsequent years・7.Being late so often will jeopardize （损害）your chances for promotion.8.The figures suggest that girls are underachiveing relative to （与••以寸比）boys・9-He thinks by all his fast talking and flattery （奉承，谄媚）he can pull the wool over （欺骗）her eyes ,but she isn't deceived.lO.These demands rim counter to （与•…背道而驰）the agreements we have reached・Unit71-Frn not suggesting you never invest in technology,but make sure you take expert advice,and embark （开始，着手）on such a move only when the time is right.2.Mark often acts grumpily （脾气暴躁的）讦Kathleen wakes him up too early in the morning ・3.In the mid-1990s,we collaborated （合作）with many German business and multinational banks to develop more logical and rational service.4.1ndeed ,it has been snowing on and off （不吋地）all week across much of northern China.5.Instead ,Britain has reverted （恢复to type, preferring to play second fiddle t （当副手，居次位）to Washington rather than take its place in the front row of a European orchestra.6.Observers say the combination of ruthless （无情的，冷酷的）repression and apparent attempts at dialogue reflects rifts （裂缝，裂开） at the highest levels of the government.7.1have to tie up （妥善解决）loose ends before immigrating to America.8.U niversity work hand in glove with （互相合作，亲密无间）industry.Students and professors often set up companies to commercialize their ideas・9.1think Fm big-hearted （慷慨的）enough never to revenge myself on others.10.A lot of them complained that they didn't know who they could trust,as they always attracted hangers-on （逢迎者）who wanted something and weren^t true friends-Units8（大量）gold.1.1w ould rather have the affectionate regard of my fellow men than I would have heaps of2.Any infections disease must be notified at once to the Health Ministry.3.The UAE hopes to become the first Gulf state to develop a civilian nuclear programme to help meet soaring demand for power.4.By now you have to unpick （解决）the knottiest（最棘手的）problem…money^in order to set up a flower shop.5.Try listing your objectives out to see what you think you'd be best at and where you'd need improvement.6.We know that these new realities require us t o innovate ,to compete,and to lead in new ways ・7.But Southeast Asians are not immune （免疫的）to this kind of nonsense either.8.A11 the cultural and spiritual eminence（显赫, 卓越）of man is conditioned by the accumulation of capital.9.1s this proof that Australia has very high standing （持续）in communication.lO.Some companies slash the price of certain product to compete with other companies.翻译：Unitl1、那人的手臂与他的身高不成比例。