基于PLC的交通灯控制系统设计外文翻译

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基于PLC的交通灯控制系统设计外文翻译

毕业设计（外文翻译）英文题目 PLC-based design of traffic lights中文题目基于PLC的交通灯设计系（院）自动化系专业电气工程与自动化学生姓名学号 2009022388指导教师职称讲师二〇一三年六月PLC-based design of traffic lights Abstract: One kind of traffic light control system using programmable logic controller (PLC), via software control traffic lights run automatically. In the system, the original line is the program instead of the relay, programmable logic controller (PLC) system hardware and software resources to be fair use. Normal operation and emergency transport for a detailed description and from the East and West emergencies can be mutually linked. Traffic signal systems and two seven-segment digital display in the countdown order; also discussed in detail the wiring of the hardware and PLC ladder. Traffic lights at the crossroads of the remote monitoring system design configuration software MCGS, real-time monitoring of traffic lights, greatly improving the reliability of data transmission. At the same time, we can configure the traffic lights to change the status of photographs.Keywords: switching power,supply protection, circuit system design1. IntroductionWith the social development and progress, traffic flow becomes increasingly important. On the one hand, too many crossroads, more and more vehicles, which are causing serious traffic congestion. On the other hand, in the limited time it is necessary to maintain the vehicle and pedestrian fast and safe. Therefore, one kind of traffic light control system design, can be used to display time countdown, with computer controlled real-time data. In addition, the configuration technology for real-time images that reflect the traffic lights, understand the historical crossroads of work to get traffic lights visualization. The system consists of host computer and a low computer. MCGS configuration is installed in the host computer is lower by the PLC control system.Normal traffic signal timing diagram shown in Figure 1. But there are some urgent matters, for example. There are a number of ambulances to transport patients to the hospital or to deal with a number of fire engines and fire. Fire engines and ambulances rushed to take precedence over other traffic scene. According to urban traffic control system, under normal circumstances, two control methods and urgency traffic control factors into account. This process can show 14 segment encoder. U.S. traffic lights instant record of the monitoring process.Emergency control signals to control traffic emergency switch. If there is no emergency lights all work, but when an emergency open. In this case, the car is urgent priority pass. Once the emergency vehicle passes, emergency switch off immediately. The green light in the same direction of the vehicle quickly flashes three times, followed by the normal operation. If you were from the north-south and east-west two emergency vehicles, traffic control systems can respond quickly came early, and then another.2. Traffic Control System DesignA. Hardware designCP1H series PLC as controller, display the procedure should stop when the time series of abnormal system operation, the time will not be displayed. When the emergency procedures are completed time series, countdown display program should be reset. At 220 V AC system is used to control traffic lights, 24 V DC control segment encoder, Figure 2 shows the scheme Eastern time display. CP1H series programmable logic controller (PLC) is a simple controller, which consists of 24 inputs and sixteen outputs. Because the output to twenty In this system, an I / Omodule must be extended. Circuit is shown in Figure 2.B. Control Program DesignSix timers and two special normal open pulse is used in this system, the green light flashes for all north-south and east-timer and a special pulse; eight kinds ofinterlocking internal relay is used to implement the urgency and transmit pulse two directions to PLC, shown in the figure. Two SDEC instructions are used to display the countdown display the corresponding light. As an important part of the countdown display program, east and west of the green light reflected in the view 4 in these programs downloaded to the programmable logic controller (PLC), all the traffic lights running accuracy, urgency, and things can be interlocked from north to south strictly, all the lights can be set back to the urgency of passing state. Therefore, these control program is correct, simple.C. Monitoring SystemComputer system has two main functions: an output signal acquisition and display real-time status of the programmable logic controller (PLC) to control traffic lights, traffic lights. Another notification robot status and history of the state real-time curve by examining the history and alarm window.This monitoring system design and configuration software MCGS configuration is easy. The serial communication is implemented as follows.Data inspection methods: double endedSerial Communications Number: COM0 endedThe minimum sampling period: 200 msProgrammable Logic Controller (PLC) The parameters are defined as follows: The minimum sampling period of the basic properties: 200 msThree read / write channel: X0, X1, X2Six read-only access (read U.S. traffic lights): Q0-Q5All channels must be connected to a variable defined in a real-time database access visits and other parameters to their default values. After a successful relationship, PLC and computer control system is able to change the color of the analog signal lights in the picture on the PC being collected data through the serial port.. In contrast, by changing the parameters of the host, the corresponding value is written to the PLC internal relay control, intersection traffic lights can be implemented. Experimental results show that the system is usually good enough and animation. Online monitoring system of traffic lights in Figure 5:3. ConclusionExperimental results show that the system is usually configured with enough good photos. This system simplifies the programmable logic controller (PLC) and the communication between the host computer using industrial configuration software development time is greatly reduced. In particular, more suitable for complex controlsystems. We can control the traffic lights by the PLC and MCGS configuration, replace the original relay control, improve the system's lifetime. At the same time, this method can be applied to control the motor and fluid levels. Remote control and configuration combined with the simulation, can be applied to similar control zone. 4. References[1] Whitworth, Duller, Jones D I. Aerial video inspection of overhead power lines [J].PowerEngineering Journal,2001,15:25-32.[2] Jan Axelson, Lakeview Research-Serial port complete [D]. USA:1999:91-135.基于PLC的交通灯控制系统设计摘要一种交通灯控制系统采用可编程序控制器(PLC), 通过软件控制交通灯自动运行。

基于单片机的交通灯控制系统单片机毕业论文外文文献翻译及原文

毕业设计（论文）外文文献翻译文献、资料中文题目：基于单片机的交通灯控制系统文献、资料英文题目：Structure and functionof the MCS-51 series文献、资料来源：文献、资料发表（出版）日期：院（部）：专业：通信工程班级：姓名：学号：指导教师：翻译日期： 2017.02.14毕业设计文献资料翻译（原文及译文）原文名称：Structure and function of the MCS-51 series课题名称：基于单片机的交通灯控制系统Structure and function of the MCS-51 seriesStructure and function of the MCS-51 series one-chip computer MCS-51 is a name of a piece of one-chip computer series which Intel Company produces. This company introduced 8 top-grade one-chip computers of MCS-51 series in 1980 after introducing 8 one-chip computers of MCS-48 series in 1976. It belong to a lot of kinds this lineof one-chip computer the chips have, such as 8051, 8031, 8751, 80C51BH, 80C31BH,etc., their basic composition, basic performance and instruction system are all the same.8051 daily representatives-51 serial one-chip computers.A one-chip computer system is made up of several following parts:(1) One microprocessor of 8 (CPU). ( 2) At slice data memory RAM (128B/256B),it use not depositing not can reading /data that write, such as result not middle of operation, final result and data wanted to show, etc.(3) Procedure memory ROM/EPROM (4KB/8KB ), is used to preserve the procedure , some initial data and form in slice. But does not take ROM/EPROM within some one-chip computers, such as 8031, 8032.(4) Four 8 run side by side I/O interface P0 four P3, each mouth can use as introduction , may use as exporting too. (5) Two timer / counter, each timer / counter may set up and count in the way, used to count to the external incident, can set up into a timing way too, and can according to count or result of timing realize the control of the computer. (6) Five cut off cutting off the control system of the source. (7) One all duplex serial I/O mouth of UART (universal asynchronous receiver/transmitter (UART) ), is it realize one-chip computer or one-chip computer and serial communication of computer to use for. (8) Stretch oscillator and clock produce circuit, quartz crystal finely tune electric capacity need outer. Allow oscillation frequency as 12 megahertz now at most. Every the above-mentioned part was joined through the inside data bus .Amongthem, CPU is a core of the one-chip computer, it is the control of the computer and command centre, made up of such parts as arithmetic unit and controller , etc.. The arithmetic unit can carry on 8 persons of arithmetic operation and unit ALU of logic operation while including one, the 1 storing device temporaries of 8, storing device 2 temporarily, 8's accumulation device ACC, register B and procedure state register PSW, etc. Person who accumulate ACC count by 2 input ends entered of checking etc. temporarily as one operation often, come from person who store 1 operation is it is it make operation to go on to count temporarily , operation result and loop back ACC with another one. In addition, ACC is often regarded as the transfer station of data transmission on 8051 inside. The same as general microprocessor, it is the busiest register. Help remembering that agreeing with a express in the order. The controller includes the procedure counter, the order is deposited, the order deciphering, the oscillator and timing circuit, etc. The procedure counter is made up of counter of 8 for two, amounts to 16. It is a byte address counter of the procedure in fact, the content is the next IA that will carried out in PC. The content which changes it can change the direction that the procedure carries out. Shake the circuit in 8051 one-chip computers, only need outer quartz crystal and frequency to finely tune the electric capacity, its frequency range is its 12MHZ of 1.2MHZ. This pulse signal, as 8051 basic beats of working, namely the minimum unit of time. 8051 is the same as other computers, the work in harmony under thecontrol of the basic beat, just like an orchestra according to the beat play that is commanded.There are ROM (procedure memory , can only read ) and RAM in 8051 slices (data memory, can is it can write ) two to read, they have each independent memory address space, dispose way to be the same with general memory of computer. Procedure 8051 memory and 8751 slice procedure memory capacity 4KB, address begin from 0000H, used for preserving the procedure and form constant. Data 8051- 8751 8031 of memory data memory 128B, address false 00FH, using for middle result to deposit operation, the data are stored temporarily and the data are buffered. In RAM of this 128B, there is unit of 32 bytes that can be appointed as the job register, this and general microprocessor is different, 8051 slice RAM and job register rank one formation the same to arrange the location. It is not very the same that the memory of MCS-51 series one-chip computer and general computer disposes the way in addition. General computer for first address space, ROM and RAM can arrange in different space within the range of this address at will, namely the addresses of ROM and RAM, with distributing different address space in a formation. While visiting the memory, corresponding and only an address Memory unit, can ROM, it can be RAM too, and by visiting the order similarly. This kind of memory structure is called the structure of Princeton. 8051 memories are divided into procedure memory space and data memory space on the physics structure, there are four memoryspaces in all: The procedure stores in one and data memory space outside data memory and one in procedure memory space and one outside one, the structure forms of this kind of procedure device and data memory separated form data memory, called Harvard structure. But use the angle from users, 8051 memory address space is divided into three kinds: (1) In the slice, arrange blocks of FFFFH, 0000H of location, in unison outside the slice (use 16 addresses). (2) The data memory address space outside one of 64KB, the address is arranged from 0000H 64KB FFFFH (with 16 addresses) too to the location. (3) Data memory address space of 256B (use 8 addresses). Three above-mentioned memory space addresses overlap, for distinguishing and designing the order symbol of different data transmission in the instruction system of 8051: CPU visit slice, ROM order spend MOVC , visit block RAM order uses MOVX outside the slice, RAM order uses MOV to visit in slice.8051 one-chip computer have four 8 walk abreast I/O ports, call P0, P1, P2 and P3. Each port is 8 accurate two-way mouths, accounts for 32 pins altogether. Every one I/O line can be used as introduction and exported independently. Each port includes a latch (namely special function register), one exports the driver and a introduction buffer. Make data can latch when outputting, data can buffer when making introduction, but four function of pass away these self-same. Expand among the system of memory outside having slice, four ports these may serve as accurate two-way mouth of I/O in common use. Expand among the system ofmemory outside having slice, P2 mouth see high 8 address off; P0 mouth is a two-way bus, send the introduction of 8 low addresses and data / export in timesharingThe circuit of 8051 one-chip computers and four I/O ports is very ingenious in design. Familiar with I/O port logical circuit, not only help to use port correctly and rationally, and will inspire to designing the peripheral logical circuit of one-chip computer to some extent. Load ability and interface of port have certain requirement, because output grade, P0 of mouth and P1 end output, P3 of mouth grade different at structure, so, the load ability and interface of its door demand to have nothing in common with each other. P0 mouth is different from other mouth, its output grade draws the resistance supremely. When using it as the mouth in common use, output grade is it leak circuit to turn on, is it urge NMOS draw the resistance on taking to be outer with it while inputting to go out to fail. When being used as introduction, should write"1" to a latch first. Every one with P0 mouth can drive 8 Model LS TTL load to export. P1 mouth is an accurate two-way mouth too, used as I/O in common use. Different from P0 mouth output of circuit its, draw load resistance link with power on inside have. In fact, the resistance is that two effects are in charge of FET and together: One FET is in charge of load, its resistance is regular. Another one can is it lead to work with close at two state, make its President resistance value change approximate 0 or group value heavy two situation very. When it is 0 that the resistanceis approximate, can draw the pin to the high level fast; when resistance value is very large, P1 mouth high electricity at ordinary times, can is it draw electric current load to offer outwards, draw electric current load to offer outwards, draw the resistance on needn't answer and thinking. Here when the port is used as introduction, must write into 1 to the corresponding latch first too, make FET end relatively about 20,000 ohms because of load resistance in scene and because 40,000 ohms, will not exert an influence on the data that are input. The structure of P2 some mouth is similar to P0 mouth, there are MUX switches. Is it similar to mouth partly to urge, but mouth large a conversion controls some than P1.P3 mouth one multi-functional port, mouth getting many than P1 it have "3 doors and 4 buffers". Two parts there, make her besides accurate two-way function with P1 mouth just, can also use the second function of every pin, "and" door 3 functions one switch in fact, it determines to be to output data of latch to output second signal of function. Act as W=At 1 o'clock, output Q end signal; act as Q=At 1 o'clock, can output W line signal. At the time of programming, it is that the first function is still the second function but needn't have software that set up P3 mouth in advance .It hardware not inside is the automatic to have two function outputted when CPU carries on SFR and seeks the location to visit to P3 mouth/at not lasting lining, there are inside hardware latch Qs=1. The operation principle of P3 mouth is similar to P1 mouth.Output grade, P3 of mouth, P1 of P1, connect with inside have loadresistance of drawing, every one of they can drive 4 Model LS TTL load to output. As while inputting the mouth, any TTL or NMOS circuit can drive P1 of 8051 one-chip computers as P3 mouth in a normal way. Because draw resistance on output grade of them have, can open a way collector too or drain-source resistance is it urge to open a way, do not need to have the resistance of drawing outer. Mouths are all accurate two-way mouths too. When the conduct is input, must write the corresponding port latch with 1 first. As to 80C51 one-chip computer, port can only offer milliampere of output electric currents, is it output mouth go when urging one ordinary basing of transistor to regard as, should contact a resistance among the port and transistor base, in order to the electricity while restraining the high level from exporting P1~P3 Being restored to the throne is the operation of initializing of an one-chip computer. Its main function is to turn PC into 0000H initially, make the one-chip computer begin to hold the conduct procedure from unit 0000H. Except that the ones that enter the system are initialized normally, as because procedure operate it make mistakes or operate there aren't mistake, in order to extricate oneself from a predicament , need to be pressed and restored to the throne the key restarting too. It is an input end which is restored to the throne the signal in 8051 China RST pin. Restore to the throne signal high level effective, should sustain 24 shake cycle (namely 2 machine cycles) the above its effective times. If 6 of frequency of utilization brilliant to shake, restore to the throne signal durationshould exceed 4 delicate to finish restoring to the throne and operating. Produce the logic picture of circuit which is restored to the throne the signal: restore to the throne the circuit and include two parts outside in the chip entirely. Outside that circuit produce to restore to the throne signal (RST) hand over to Schmitt's trigger, restore to the throne circuit sample to output , Schmitt of trigger constantly in each S5P2 , machine of cycle in having one more , then just got and restored to the throne and operated the necessary signal inside. Restore to the throne resistance of circuit generally, electric capacity parameter suitable for 6 brilliant to shake, can is it restore to the throne signal high level duration greater than 2 machine cycles to guarantee. Being restored to the throne in the circuit is simple, its function is very important. Pieces of one-chip computer system could normal running, should first check it can restore to the throne not succeeding. Checking and can pop one's head and monitor the pin with the oscilloscope tentatively, push and is restored to the throne the key, the wave form that observes and has enough range is exported (instantaneous), can also through is it restore to the throne circuit group holding value carry on the experiment to change.MCS-51系列单片机的功能和结构MSC-51系列单片机具有一个单芯片电脑的结构和功能，它是英特尔公司的系列产品的名称。

交通灯外文翻译（5篇范文）

交通灯外文翻译（5篇范文）第一篇：交通灯外文翻译Traffic lights and PLCWith economic development, increased the number of vehicles, road congestion is becoming increasingly serious, intelligent traffic lights on the emerged.At present, the world's Intelligent Transportation System will be: a huge structure, management difficulties, such as the maintenance of large inputs.In order to improve the existing traffic conditions, and to overcome the existing shortcomings of intelligent transportation system I designed analog control traffic lights in urban and rural areas of small-scale smart traffic lights.It has small size, intelligence, maintenance into small, easy to install and so on.And other intelligent transportation system compared to the system to adapt to economic and social development, in line with the current status of scientific and technological development.Intelligent traffic lights are a comprehensive use of computer network communication technology, sensor technology to manage the automatic control system of traffic lights.Urban traffic control system is used for urban traffic data monitoring, traffic signal control and traffic management computer system;it is the modern urban traffic control system command and the most important component.In short, how to use the appropriate control method to maximize the use of costly cities to build high-speed roads, trunk road and the ramp to alleviate urban areas with the neighboring state of traffic congestion has become more and more traffic management and urban planning departments need to address the the main problem.Nowadays, traffic lights installed in each crossing, hasbecome the most common and dredge the traffic, the most effective means.The development of the society, people's consumption level unceasing enhancement, private vehicles unceasing increase.And more cars roads are narrow road traffic is clear.So adopting effective method to control the traffic light is imperative.PLC intelligent control principle is the core of the control system, PLC put the things direction or north-south direction according to quantity of vehicles, the corresponding scale what divides class given the green light direction between north and south direction according to certain rules too long.It can realize divides class according to a given the green cars duration scale of maximum car release, reduce crossroads vehicles, ease traffic congestion stagnation, realize the optimal control, so as to improve the efficiency of the traffic control system.The application of PLC is continuously, and drive to the deepening traditional control test new month benefit updates.It is simple in structure, programming and high reliability etc, convenient already widely used in industrial processes and position in the automatic control.Due to use of PLC has the characteristics of environmental adaptable, and its internal timer is very rich in resources, but the current widely used “progressive” lights, especially for precise control more than thecrossway control can be easily realized.So now increasingly applying PLC traffic light system.Meanwhile, PLC itself also has communication networking function, will the same path as part of a LAN signal unified dispatching management, can shorten the traffic wait times, realize scientific management.In real-time detection and automatic control of PLC application system, PLC is often used as a core components.In the 21st century, PLC willhave greater development.Technically, the computer technology can morely new achievements used in programmable controller design and manufacturing, there will be faster, storage and larger capacity, intelligent stronger varieties appear;Look from product size, can further to mini and super-large direction;Look from product compatibility, the variety of our products will be more rich, specification more complete, perfect man-machine interface and complete communication equipment can better adapt to all kinds of industrial control occasion demands;Look from the market, all countries to their production of multiple products with international competition intensifies and break, can appear a few brand monopoly international market situation, can appear international general programming languages;Judging from the development of the network, programmable controller and other industrial control computer networking constitute a large control system is programmable controller technology development direction.The current computer distributed control system DCS has already a lot of programmable controller applications.Along with the development of computer network, the programmable controller as automation control network and international general network will be an important part of the industry and industry, the numerous fields outside play an increasing role.In China the increasing amount of motor vehicles, many big cities like Beijing, Shanghai, nanjing and other ground appeared traffic overload running condition, traffic accidents problem also more and more serious.And because the various special vehicles(such as an ambulance, 119 120 car, police and various special vehicle 110 in emergency situations, by red under limited to traffic bring a lot of inconvenience, even cause traffic accident.And now, most traffic lights at the same moment willappear two or more than two direction at the same time for the green situation, and increase the incidence of the traffic accident.Therefore, design a kind of designed for special vehicles through and not cause any traffic accident, normal traffic control any time only one direction of modern intelligent traffic light green traffic control system is urgently needed.交通灯与PLC 随着经济的发展，车辆的数目不断增加，道路堵车现象日益严重，智能交通灯就应运而生了。

交通灯控制系统外文翻译--

本科毕业设计（外文翻译）题目小型交通灯控制系统的设计与制作姓名韦强专业电子科学与技术学号 201031090指导老师洪新华郑州科技学院电气工程学院二0一四年五月二日THE DESIGN AND MANUFACTURE OF SMALL TRAFFICLIGHT CONTROL SYSTEM8-bit Microcontroller With 8K Bytes Flash AT89C52 DescriptionThe AT89C52 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcomputer with 8K bytes of Flash programmable and erasable read only memory (PEROM). The device is manufactured using Atmel’s high-density nonvolatile memory technology and is compatible with the industry-standard 80C51 and 80C52 instruction set and pin out. The on-chip Flash allows the program memory to be reprogrammed in-system or by a conventional nonvolatile memory programmer. By combining a versatile 8-bit CPU with Flash on a monolithic chip, the Atmel AT89C52 is a powerful microcomputer which provides a highly-flexible and cost-effective solution to many embedded control applications.Pin Configurations1Pin DescriptionVCCSupply voltage.GNDGround.Port 0Port 0 is an 8-bit open drain bi-directional I/O port. As an output port, each pin can sink eight TTL inputs. When 1s are written to port 0 pins, the pins can be used as high-impedance inputs. Port 0 can also be configured to be the multiplexed low-order address/data bus during accesses to external program and data memory. In this mode, P0 has internal pull-ups. Port 0 also receives the code bytes during Flash programming and outputs the code bytes during program verification. External pull-ups are required during program verification.Port 1Port 1 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. The Port 1 output buffers can sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1s are written to Port 1 pins, they are pulled high by the internal pull-ups and can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 1 pins that are externally being pulled low will source current (I IL) because of the internal pull-ups. In addition, P1.0 and P1.1 can be configured to be the timer/counter 2 external count input (P1.0/T2) and the timer/counter 2 trigger input (P1.1/T2EX), respectively, as shown in the following table. Port 1 also receives the low-order address bytes during Flash programming and verification.2Port 2Port 2 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. The Port 2 output buffers can sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1s are written to Port 2 pins, they are pulled high by the internal pull-ups and can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 2 pins that are externally being pulled low will source current (I IL) because of the internal pull-ups. Port 2 emits the high-order address byte during fetches from external program memory and during accesses to external data memories that use 16-bit addresses (MOVX @DPTR). In this application, Port 2 uses strong internal pull-ups when emitting 1s. During accesses to external data memories that use 8-bit addresses (MOVX @ RI), Port 2 emits the contents of the P2 Special Function Register. Port 2 also receives the high-order address bits and some control signals during Flash programming and verification.Port 3Port 3 is an 8-bit bi-directional I/O port with internal pull-ups. The Port 3 output buffers can sink/source four TTL inputs. When 1s are written to Port 3 pins, they are pulled high by the internal pull-ups and can be used as inputs. As inputs, Port 3 pins that are externally being pulled low will source current (I IL) because of the pull-ups.Port 3 also serves the functions of various special features of the AT89C51, as shown in the following table. Port 3 also receives some control signals for Flash programming and verification.3RSTReset input. A high on this pin for two machine cycles while the oscillator is running resets the device.PSENProgram Store Enable is the read strobe to external program memory. When the AT89C52 is executing code from external program memory, PSEN is activated twice each machine cycle, except that two PSEN activations are skipped during each access to external data memory.XTAL1Input to the inverting oscillator amplifier and input to the internal clock operating circuit.XTAL2Output from the inverting oscillator amplifier.Timer 2 RegistersControl and status bits are contained in registers T2CON and T2MOD for Timer 2. The register pair (RCAP2H, RCAP2L) are the Capture/Reload registers for Timer 2 in 16-bit capture mode or 16-bit auto-reload mode.Interrupt Registers4The individual interrupt enable bits are in the IE register. Two priorities can be set for each of the six interrupt sources in the IP register.5小型交通灯控制系统的设计与制作8位8字节闪存单片机AT89C52功能特性描述AT89S52是一种低功耗、高性能CMOS8位微控制器，具有8K内置可编程闪存。

PLC控制系统外文翻译（可编辑）

PLC的应用外文文献翻译、中英文翻译、外文翻译

Application of PLCPLC is one kind specially for the digital operation operation electronic installation which applies under the industry environment designs. It uses may the coding memory, uses for in its internal memory operation and so on actuating logic operation, sequence operation, time, counting and arithmetic operation instructions, and can through digital or the simulation-like input and the output, controls each type the machinery or the production process. PLC and the related auxiliary equipment should according to form a whole easy with the industrial control system, easy to expand its function the principle to design.”In the 1970s the last stage, the programmable controller entered the practical application development phase, the computer technology has introduced in comprehensively the programmable controller, causes its function to have the leap. The higher operating speed, the subminiature volume, the more reliable industry antijamming design, the simulation quantity operation, the PID function and the extremely high performance-to-price ratio has established it in the modern industry status. In the early-1980s, the programmable controller has obtained the widespread application in the advanced industrial nation. This time programmable controller develops the characteristic is large-scale, the high velocity, the high performance, the product seriation. This stage's another characteristic is in the world produces the programmable controller's country to increase day by day, the output rises day by day. This symbolizes that the programmable controller marched into the mature stage.The 20th century last stage, the programmable controller's development characteristic was even more adapts in the modern industry need. From the control scale, this time has developed the large-scale machinery and subminiature machine; From the control, was born various special function unit, used in the pressure, the temperature, the rotational speed, the displacement and so on all kinds of control situation; From product necessary ability, has produced each kind of man-machine contact surface unit, the correspondence unit, caused to apply the programmable controller's industrial control equipment necessary to be easier. At present, the programmable controller in domain and so on machine manufacture, petroleum chemical industry, metallurgy steel and iron, automobile, light industry applications obtained the considerable development.Our country programmable controller's introduction, applies, the development, the production to follow the reform and open policy to start. At first has used the programmable controller massively in the introduction equipment. Then expanded the PLC application unceasingly in each kind of enterprise's production equipment and the product. At present, our country have been possible to produce the middle and small scale programmable controller. East Shanghai the room electricity Limited company produces the CF series, Hangzhou engine bed electrical equipment factory production's DKK and D series, Dalian Aggregate machine-tool Research institute produces S series, the Suzhou Electronic accounting machine Factory production's YZ series and so on many kinds of products have had certain scale and have obtained the application in the manufactured products. In addition, the non-flowers of tin light company, Chinese-foreign joint ventures and so on Shanghai Township Island Company are also our country quite famous PLC Manufacturers. May anticipate that along with our country modernization process's thorough, PLC will have the broader application world in our country.Uses the manual operation in view of the YNL draw die machine electric control system, the existence operation is complex, the operation requests high, needs specially shortcomings and so on operators, has designed PLC the control system. Has given the electrical machinery main return route, the PLC periphery wiring diagram; Has established the systems operation trapezoidal chart and the instruction list; And to this system key element shaping. After the improvement control system has realized the entire system board process automation, not only raised the production efficiency, but also has saved the labor force, reduced the production cost, may obtain a greater economic efficiency.PLC的应用PLC是一种专门为在工业环境下应用而设计的数字运算操作的电子装置。

基于PLC的交通灯控制系统设计

基于PLC的交通灯控制系统设计作者：***来源：《科技创新导报》2020年第36期摘要：伴随现代社会经济的迅速发展，机动车成为人们日常出行的主要交通工具，这也给城市交通带来了巨大的压力，为了避免交通堵塞，同时又要在有限的时间内保障车辆和行人的安全，实现对十字路口交通灯的自动控制势在必行。

本文采用日本三菱FX2N系列PLC做主控制器，进行硬件接口设计，同时利用GX Developer编程软件进行编程，实现了对十字路口交通灯的自动控制，从而保障了车辆和行人在城市道路路口的畅通及安全。

关键词：PLC控制系统交通灯自动控制系统设计中图分类号：TP391 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1674-098X（2020）12（c）-0100-03Abstract： With the rapid development of modern society and economy， motor vehicles have become the main means of transportation for people's daily travel， which also brings great pressure to the urban traffic. In order to avoid traffic congestion and ensure the safety of vehicles and pedestrians in a limited time， it is imperative to realize the automatic control of traffic lights at crossroads. In this paper， Mitsubishi FX2N series PLC is used as the main controller to design the hardware interface. At the same time， the GX developer programming software is used to realize the automatic control of the traffic lights at the crossroads， so as to ensure the smooth and safe traffic of vehicles and pedestrians at the intersection of urban roads.Key Words： PLC control system; Traffic lights; Automatic control system;Design1 引言隨着社会经济的发展，城市也在高速发展，社会自动化程度越来越高，机动车成了家家户户出行的主要交通工具，交通障碍也在随之增加，为了避免交通堵塞同又要在有限的时间内保障车辆和行人的安全，实现对十字路口交通灯的自动控制势在必行。

基于plc智能交通灯控制系统设计毕业论文

基于plc智能交通灯控制系统设计毕业论文毕业论文（设计）论文题目智能交通灯设计(英文)thedesignofintelligenttrafficlights学院：专业：车辆工程姓名：学号：指导教师：2022年月日摘要PLC可编程序控制器是以微处理器为基础，综合了计算机技术、自动控制技术和通讯技术发展而来的一种新型工业控制装置。

它具有结构简单、编程方便、可靠性高等优点，已广泛用于工业过程和位置的自动控制中。

据统计，可编程控制器是工业自动化装置中应用最多的一种设备。

专家认为，可编程控制器将成为今后工业控制的主要手段和重要的基础设备之一，PLC、机器人、CAD/CAM将成为工业生产的三大支柱。

由于PLC具有对使用环境适应性强的特性，同时其内部定时器资源十分丰富，可对目前普遍使用的“渐进式”信号灯进行精确控制，特别对多岔路口的控制可方便地实现。

因此现在越来越多地将PLC应用于交通灯系统中。

同时，PLC本身还具有通讯联网功能，将同一条道路上的信号灯组成一局域网进行统一调度管理，可缩短车辆通行等候时间，实现科学化管理。

交通灯控制系统的发展有着悠久的历史，伴随着人类工业文明的发展，汽车以及其他各种交通工具呈现出一片欣欣向荣的景象。

各种交通工具的大量使用使得人们的出行更加方便，但随之而来的是交通的压力越来越大，各个路口对于对于交通指挥系统的需求大量增加。

早在1868年，全世界第一台煤气是红绿两色照明灯由英国工程师纳伊特安装在了伦敦威斯特敏斯特街口，它可以控制车辆的通行，但是不久，这种交通灯便消身匿迹了，原因是由于一场爆炸事故。

盗了1914年左右，交通灯又重新出现了，美国的克利夫兰制造了一款由电力驱动的交通灯，它被安装在了纽约和芝加哥等地，这种交通灯的概念已经和现在大致相同。

1926年，自动化控制的交通灯得到利用，这为现代城市交通奠定了基础。

1968年，联合国《道路交通和道路标志信号协定》对交通灯的各种意义做出了明确的规定，绿灯行，绿灯车道的车辆可直行可左拐可右拐，如果前面有禁止标志的则除外。

文献翻译-基于PLC的交通灯控制系统设计

英文翻译系别专业班级学生姓名学号指导教师报告日期PLC-based design of traffic lightsWith the social development and progress, traffic flow becomes increasingly important. On the one hand, too many crossroads, more and more vehicles, which are causing serious traffic congestion. On the other hand, in the limited time it is necessary to maintain the vehicle and pedestrian fast and safe. Therefore, one kind of traffic light control system design, can be used to display time countdown, with computer controlled real-time data. In addition, the configuration technology for real-time images that reflect the traffic lights, understand the historical crossroads of work to get traffic lights visualization. The system consists of host compute r and a low computer. MCGS configuration is installed in the host computer is lower by the PLC control system.Normal traffic signal timing diagram shown in Figure 1. But there are some urgent matters, for example. There are a number of ambulances to transport patients to the hospital or to deal with a number of fire engines and fire. Fire engines and ambulances rushed to take precedence over other traffic scene. According to urban traffic control system, under normal circumstances, two control methods and urgency traffic control factors into account. This process can show 14 segment encoder. U.S. traffic lights instant record of the monitoring process.Emergency control signals to control traffic emergency switch. If there is no emergency lights all work, but when an emergency open. In this case, the car is urgent priority pass. Once the emergency vehicle passes, emergency switch off immediately. The green light in the same direction of the vehicle quickly flashes three times, followed by the normal operation. If you were from the north-south and east-west two emergency vehicles, traffic control systems can respond quickly came early, and then another.1. Traffic Control System DesignA. Hardware designCP1H series PLC as controller, display the procedure should stop when the time series of abnormal system operation, the time will not be displayed. When the emergency procedures are completed time series, countdown display program should be reset. At 220 V AC system is used to control traffic lights, 24 V DC control segment encoder, Figure 2 shows the scheme Eastern time display. CP1H series programmable logic controller (PLC) is a simple controller, which consists of 24 inputs and sixteen outputs. Because the output to twenty In this system, an I / O module must be extended. Circuit is shown in Figure 2.Figuer 1.normally time-series diagramFiguer 2.circuit diagram of controlling systemB. Control Program DesignSix timers and two special normal open pulse is used in this system, the green light flashes for all north-south and east-timer and a special pulse; eight kinds of interlocking internal relay is used to implement the urgency and transmit pulse two directions to PLC, shown in the figure. Two SDEC instructions are used to display the countdown display the corresponding light. As an important part of thecountdown display program, east and west of the green light reflected in the view 4 in these programs downloaded to the programmable logic controller (PLC), all the traffic lights running accuracy, urgency, and things can be interlocked from north to south strictly, all the lights can be set back to the urgency of passing state. Therefore, these control program is correct, simple.C. Monitoring SystemComputer system has two main functions: an output signal acquisition and display real-time status of the programmable logic controller (PLC) to control traffic lights, traffic lights. Another notification robot status and history of the state real-time curve by examining the history and alarm window.This monitoring system design and configuration software MCGS configuration is easy. The serial communication is implemented as follows.Figuer 3.main program of controlling systemData inspection methods: double endedSerial Communications Number: COM0 endedThe minimum sampling period: 200 msProgrammable Logic Controller (PLC) The parameters are defined as follows: The minimum sampling period of the basic properties: 200 msThree read / write channel: X0, X1, X2Six read-only access (read U.S. traffic lights): Q0-Q5All channels must be connected to a variable defined in a real-time databaseaccess visits and other parameters to their default values. After a successful relationship, PLC and computer control system is able to change the color of the analog signal lights in the picture on the PC being collected data through the serial port.. In contrast, by changing the parameters of the host, the corresponding value is written to the PLC internal relay control, intersection traffic lights can be implemented. Experimental results show that the system is usually good enough and animation. Online monitoring system of traffic lights in Figure 5:Figuer 4.animation picture from MCGS2. ConclusionExperimental results show that the system is usually configured with enough good photos. This system simplifies the programmable logic controller (PLC) and the communication between the host computer using industrial configuration software development time is greatly reduced. In particular, more suitable for complex controlsystems. We can control the traffic lights by the PLC and MCGS configuration, replace the original relay control, improve the system's lifetime. At the same time, this method can be applied to control the motor and fluid levels. Remote control and configuration combined with the simulation, can be applied to similar control zone.基于PLC的交通灯控制系统设计随着社会的发展和进步,交通畅通变得越来越重要。

交通灯外文翻译

Traffic lights and PLCWith economic development, increased the number of vehicles, road congestion is becoming increasingly serious, intelligent traffic lights on the emerged. At present, the world's Intelligent Transportation System will be: a huge structure, management difficulties, such as the maintenance of large inputs. In order to improve the existing traffic conditions, and to overcome the existing shortcomings of intelligent transportation system I designed analog control traffic lights in urban and rural areas of small-scale smart traffic lights. It has small size, intelligence, maintenance into small, easy to install and so on. And other intelligent transportation system compared to the system to adapt to economic and social development, in line with the current status of scientific and technological development.Intelligent traffic lights are a comprehensive use of computer network communication technology, sensor technology to manage the automatic control system of traffic lights. Urban traffic control system is used for urban traffic data monitoring, traffic signal control and traffic management computer system; it is the modern urban traffic control system command and the most important component. In short, how to use the appropriate control method to maximize the use of costly cities to build high-speed roads, trunk road and the ramp to alleviate urban areas with the neighboring state of traffic congestion has become more andmore traffic management and urban planning departments need to address the the main problem.Nowadays, traffic lights installed in each crossing, has become the most common and dredge the traffic, the most effective means. The developme nt of the society, people's consumption level unceasing enhancement, pri vate vehicles unceasing increase. And more cars roads are narrow road tra ffic is clear. So adopting effective method to control the traffic light is im perative. PLC intelligent control principle is the core of the control syste m, PLC put the things direction or north-south direction according to qua ntity of vehicles, the corresponding scale what divides class given the gre en light direction between north and south direction according to certain r ules too long. It can realize divides class according to a given the green ca rs duration scale of maximum car release, reduce crossroads vehicles, eas e traffic congestion stagnation, realize the optimal control, so as to impro ve the efficiency of the traffic control system.The application of PLC is continuously, and drive to the deepening traditi onal control test new month benefit updates. It is simple in structure, prog ramming and high reliability etc, convenient already widely used in indus trial processes and position in the automatic control. Due to use of PLC h as the characteristics of environmental adaptable, and its internal timer is very rich in resources, but the current widely used "progressive" lights, es pecially for precise control more than thecrossway control can be easily realized. So now increasingly applying P LC traffic light system.Meanwhile, PLC itself also has communication networking function, will the same path as part of a LAN signal unified dispatching management, can shorten the traffic wait times, realize scientific manage ment. In real-time detection and automatic control of PLC application sys tem, PLC is often used as a core components.In the 21st century, PLC will have greater development. Technically, the c omputer technology can morely new achievements used in programmable controller design and manufacturing, there will be faster, s torage and larger capacity, intelligent stronger varieties appear; Look fro m product size, can further to mini and super-large direction; Look from p roduct compatibility, the variety of our products will be more rich, specifi cation more complete, perfect man-machine interface and complete com munication equipment can better adapt to all kinds of industrial control oc casion demands; Look from the market, all countries to their production of multiple products with international competition intensifies and break, c an appear a few brand monopoly international market situation, can appea r international general programming languages; Judging from the develop ment of the network, programmable controller and other industrial control computernetworking constitute a large control system is programmable controller t echnology development direction. The current computer distributed contr ol system DCS has already a lot of programmable controller applications. Along with the development of computer network, the programmable con troller as automation control network andinternational general network will be an important part of the industry an d industry, the numerous fields outside play an increasing role.In China the increasing amount of motor vehicles, many big cities like Be ijing, Shanghai, nanjing and other ground appeared trafficoverload running condition, traffic accidents problem also more and m ore serious. And because the various special vehicles (such as an ambulance, 119 120 car, police and various special vehicle 110 in emergency situa tions, by red under limited to traffic bring a lot of inconvenience, even ca use traffic accident. And now, most traffic lights at the same moment will appear two or more than two direction at the same time for the green situa tion, and increase the incidence of the traffic accident. Therefore, design a kind of designed for special vehicles through and not cause any traffic ac cident, normal traffic control any time only one direction of modern intell igent traffic light green traffic control system is urgently needed.交通灯与PLC随着经济的发展，车辆的数目不断增加，道路堵车现象日益严重，智能交通灯就应运而生了。

单片机交通灯中英文对照外文翻译文献

(文档含英文原文和中文翻译)中英文对照外文翻译原文DESIGN OF TRAFFIC LIGHT BASED ON MCUBecause of the rapid development of our economy resulting in the car number of large and medium-sized cities surged and the urban traffic, is facing serious test, leading to the traffic problem increasingly serious, its basically are behaved as follows: traffic accident frequency, to the human life safety enormous threat, Traffic congestion, resulting in serious travel time increases, energy consumption increase; Air pollution and noise pollution degree of deepening, etc. Daily traffic jams become people commonplace and had to endure. In this context, in combination with the actual situation of urban road traffic, develop truly suitablefor our own characteristics of intelligent signal control system has become the main task.PrefaceIn practical application at home and abroad, according to the actual traffic signal control application inspection, planar independent intersection signal control basic using set cycle, much time set cycle, half induction, whole sensor etc in several ways. The former two control mode is completely based on planar intersection always traffic flow data of statistical investigation, due to traffic flow the existence of variable sex and randomicity, the two methods have traffic efficiency is low, the scheme, the defects of aging and half inductive and all the inductive the two methods are in the former two ways based on increased vehicle detector and according to the information provided to adjust cycle is long and green letter of vehicle, it than random arrived adaptability bigger, can make vehicles in the parking cord before as few parking, achieve traffic flowing effectIn modern industrial production,current,voltage,temperature, pressure, and flow rate, velocity, and switch quantity are common mainly controlled parameter. For example: in metallurgical industry, chemical production, power engineering, the papermaking industry, machinery and food processing and so on many domains, people need to transport the orderly control. By single chip microcomputer to control of traffic, not only has the convenient control, configuration simple and flexible wait for an advantage, but also can greatly improve the technical index by control quantity, thus greatly improve product quality and quantity. Therefore, the monolithic integrated circuit to the traffic light control problem is an industrial production we often encounter problems.In the course of industrial production, there are many industries have lots of traffic equipment, in the current system, most of the traffic control signal is accomplished by relays, but relays response time is long, sensitivity low, long-term after use, fault opportunity increases greatly, and adopts single-chip microcomputer control, the accuracy of far greater than relays, short response time, software reliability, not because working time reduced its performance sake, compared with, this solution has the high feasibility.About AT89C511.function characteristics description:AT89C51 is a low power consumption, high performance CMOS8 bit micro-controller, has the 8K in system programmable Flash memory. Use high-density Atmel company thebeltpassword nonvolatile storage technology and manufacturing, and industrial 80S51 product instructions and pin fully compatible. Chip Flash allow program memory in system programmable, also suitable for conventional programmer. In a single chip, have dexterous 8 bits CPU and in system programmable Flash, make AT89C51 for many embedded control application system provides the high flexible, super efficient solution. AT89C51 has the following standard function: 8k bytes Flash, 256 bytes RAM, 32-bit I/O mouth line, the watchdog timer, two data pointer, three 16 timer/counter, a 6 vector level 2 interrupt structure, full-duplex serial port, piece inside crystals timely clock circuit. In addition, AT89C51 can drop to 0Hz static logic operation, support two software can choose power saving mode. Idle mode, the CPU to stop working, allowing the RAM, timer/counter, serial ports, interruption continue to work. Power lost protection mode, RAM content being saved, has been frozen, microcontroller all work stop, until the next interruption or hardware reset so far. As shown in figure 1 for the AT89C51 pins allotment.Figure 1 the AT89C51 pins allotment2.interrupt introductionAT89C51 has six interrupt sources: two external interruption, (and), three timer interrupt (timer 0, 1, 2) and a serial interrupts. Each interrupt source can be passed buy bits or remove IE the relevant special register interrupt allow control bit respectively make effective or invalid interrupt source. IE also includes an interrupt allow total control bit EA, it can be a ban all interrupts. IE. Six is not available. For AT89C51, IE. 5 bits are also not be used. User software should not give these bits write 1. They AT89 series for new product reserved. Timer 2 can be TF2 and the T2CON registers EXF2 or logical triggered. Program into an interruptservice, the sign bit can be improved by hardware qing 0. In fact, the interrupt service routine must determine whether TF2 or EXF2 activation disruption, the sign bit must also by software qing 0. Timer 0 and 1 mark a timer TF0 and TF1 has been presented in the cycle count overflow S5P2 074 bits. Their value until the next cycle was circuit capture down. However, the timer 2 marks a TF2 in count overflow of the cycle of S2P2 074 bits, in the same cycle was circuit capture down3.external clock driving characteristicsTable 14.leisure and power lost pattern external pins stateTable 2About 8255 chip1.8255 features:(1)A parallel input/output LSI chips, efficacy of I/O devices, but as CPU bus and peripheral interface.(2)It has 24 programmable Settings of I/O mouth, even three groups of 8 bits I/O mouth to mouth, PB mouth and PA PC mouth. They are divided into two groups 12 I/O mouth, A group including port A and C mouth (high four, PC4 ~ PC7), including group B and C port B mouth (low four, PC0 ~ PC3). A group can be set to give basic I/O mouth, flash control (STROBE) I/O flash controlled, two-way I/O3 modes, Group B can only set to basic I/O or flash controlled the I/O, and these two modes of operation mode entirely by controlling registers control word decision.2. 8255 pins efficacy:(1). RESET: RESET input lines, when the input outside at high levels, all internal registers (including control registers) were removed, all I/O ports are denoting input methods.(2). CS: chip choose a standard lamp line 1, when the input pins for low levels, namely/CS = 0, said chip is selected, allow 8255 and CPU for communications, / CS = 1, 8255 cannot with CPU do data transmission.(3). RD: read a standard lamp line 1, when the input pins for low levels, namely/RD = 0 and/CS = 0, allow 8255 through the data bus to the CPU to send data or state information, namely the CPU 8255 read from the information or data.(4). The WR: write a standard lights, when the input pins for low levels, namely/WR = 0 and/CS = 0, allows the CPU will data or control word write 8255.(5). D7: three states D0 ~ two-way data bus, 8255 and CPU data transmission channel, when the CPU execution input/output instruction, through its realization 8 bits of data read/write operation, control characters and status information transmitted through the data bus.(6). PA0 ~ PA7: port A input and output lines, A 8 bits of data output latches/buffers, an 8 bits of data input latches.(7). PB0 ~ PB7: port B input and output lines, a 8 bits of I/O latches, an 8 bits of inputand output buffer.(8). PC0 ~ PC7: port C input and output lines, a 8 bits of data output latches/buffers, an 8 bits of data input buffer. Port C can through the way of working setting into two four ports, every 4 digit port contains A 4 digit latches, respectively with the port A and port B cooperate to use, can be used as control standard lights output or state standard lights input ports.(9). A0, A1: address selection line, used to select the PA 8255 mouth, PB mouth, PC mouth and controlling registers.When A0=0, A1= 0, PA mouth be chosen;When A0=0, A1 = 1, PB mouth be chosen;When A0=0, A1 = 1, PC mouth be chosen;When A0=1, A1= 1, control register is selected.Concerning seven section LED display introductionThrough light emitting diode chip appropriate link (including series and parallel) and appropriate optical structure. May constitute a luminous display light-emitting segments or shine points. By these luminous segments or shine point can be composed digital tube, symbols tube, m word pipe, tube, multilevel matrix display tube etc. Usually the digital tube, symbols tube, m word tube were called stroke display, but the stroke displays and matrix tube collectively referred to as character displays.1. The LED display classification(1) by word high marks: stroke monitors word high least 1mm (monolithic integrated type more digital tube word high in commonly 2 ~ 3mm). Other types of stroke display tiptop1.27 mm (0.5 inch) even up to hundreds of mm.(2) color-coded score red, orange, yellow, green and several kinds.(3) according to the structure points, reflecting cover type, a single point-elastic and monolithic integrated type.(4) from the luminous section electrode connection mode of points of anode and cathode two kinds.2. LED display parametersDue to the LED display is LED based, so its light, and the electrical characteristics and ultimate meaning of the parameters with most of the same light emitting diode. But because the LED monitor containing multiple light emitting diode, it must has the following specificparameters:(1) the luminous intensity ratioDue to the digital tube paragraphs in the same driving voltage, each are not identical, so positive current each different. The luminous intensity All segments of the luminous intensity values the ratio of the maximum and minimum values for the luminous intensity ratio. The ratio between 2.3 in 1.5 ~, the maximum cannot exceed 2.5.(2) pulse positive currentIF each segment of typical strokes displays for positive dc working current IF, then the pulse, positive current can be far outweigh.someotherwordpeopledontthinkoffirst. Pulse 390v smaller, pulse positive current can be bigger.Traffic signal control typeThe purpose of the traffic signal control are three: first,in time and space space intersection traffic in different directions,control traffic operation order; Second, make on planar cross the road network on the people and objects of transport at the highest efficiency, Third, as the road users to provide necessary information, and help them to effectively use the traffic facilities. Road traffic signal control of basic types have many points method.According to the control geometry characteristic is divided into: single intersection control - point control, the traffic trunk lines of coordinated control - wire, traffic network coordination control surface controlling; -- According to the control principle differentiates: timing control, induced control and adaptive control.About watch-dog circuitBy single-chip computers.the micro computer system, because of single chip work often can be affected by external electromagnetic interference, causing program run fly while into dead circulation, the program's normal operation be interrupted by single chip microcomputer control system was unable to work, can cause the whole system of come to a standstill, happen unpredictable consequences, so out of microcontroller running status real-time.according consideration, they generate a specially used for monitoring microcontroller program running state of the chip, commonly known as "watchdog" (watchdog).MAX692 was slightly system monitoring circuit chip, have back-up battery switching, power lost discriminant functions monitoring, the watchdog. The encapsulation and pininstructions as figure2shows.Figure 2 MAX692 encapsulation and pinsWatch-dog circuit application, make SCM can in no condition to achieve continuous work, its working principle is: the watchdog chip and MCU an I/O pins are linked together, the I/O pins through program control it regularly to the watchdog of the pins on into high level (or the low level), this program statement is scattered on SCM other control statements, once among single-chip due to the interference makes application run into a fly after the procedures section into dead circulation state, write the watchdog pins program cannot be executed, this time, the watch-dog circuit will be without microcontroller sent signals, then at it and MCU reset pin connected pin reset signal give out a a, make SCM reposition occurs, namely the program from program memory splittext started, so we realized the MCU automatic reset.Infrared detection circuitThe infrared radiation photon in semiconductor materials stimutes the non-equilibrium carriers (electronic or holes), cause electrical properties change. Because carrier does not escape in vitro, so called within the photoelectric effect. Quantum photoelectric effect high sensitivity, response speed heat detectors much faster, is optional detectors. In order to achieve the best performance, generally need worked in low temperature. Photoelectric detector can be divided into:(1) optical type: also called photoconductive resistance. The incident photon stimulate the valence band uniform semiconductor electronic across forbidden band into the conduction band and left in valence band, cause cavitation increases, for electric conductance eigen light conductivity. From the band gaps of impurity level also can stimulate light into the conduction band or born carriers valence band, and for impurities light conductivity. Thecutoff wavelength by impurity ionization energy (ie) decision. Quantum efficiencies below eigen optical and require lower working temperature.(2) photovoltaic type: mainly p - n knot of light born volts effect. Energy more than the width of infrared photonic band gaps in "area and its nearby of electrons cavitation. Existing "electric field make hole into p area, electronic into n area, two parts appear potentials. Deoxidization device have voltage or current signal. Compared with optical detectors, pv detector detect rate more than forty percent of figure limit, Don't require additional bias electric field and load resistance, no power consumption, having a high impedance. These characteristics of preparation and use of the focal plane array bring great benefits.(3) light emitting - Schottky potential barrier detector: metal and semiconductor contact, typically include PtSi/Si structure and form was Schott potential barrier, infrared photon through Si layer for PtSi absorption, electronic Fermi level, obtain energy leap over left cavitation potential barrier into the Si substrate, PtSi layer of electronic was collected, complete infrared detection. Make full use of Si integration technology, facilitate production, with lower cost and good uniformity wait for an advantage, but make it mass (1024 x 1024 even greater) focal plane array to make up for the defect of quantum low efficiency. Have strict low temperature requirements. With this kind of detector, both at home and abroad has already produced as qualitative good thermography. Pt Si/Si structure made of FPA is the earliest IRFPA.Timing counting and traffic calculationUsing MCS - 51 internal timer/counter for timing, cooperate software delay realizes the timer. This method hardware cost saving, cut allows the reader in timer/counter use, disruptions and programming get exercise and improve. Computation formula is as follows: TC = M - CType in, M for counter touch value, the value and the counter working way concerned.For a traffic intersection, it can in the shortest possible time to achieve maximum traffic, even reached the best performance, we call in unit of time to achieve the maximum flow multi-energy for cars.Use the equation: (traffic = traffic/time) to represent.译文:基于单片机的交通灯设计我国经济快速发展，汽车数量猛增，大中型城市的城市交通正面临着严峻的考验，交通问题日益严重，其主要表现如下：交通事故频发，对人类生命安全造成极大威胁；交通拥堵严重，导致出行时间增加，能源消耗加大；空气污染和噪声污染程度日益加深等。

基于PLC_S7-200交通信号灯的控制系统设计学士学位论文

、 2014180329 研究类型应用研究分类号 TP29 学士学位论文（设计）Bachelor’s Thesis论文题目基于PLC S7-200交通信号灯的控制系统设计学士学位论文（设计）诚信承诺书目录1前言 (1)1.1 研究背景与现状 (1)1.2 本论文研究的内容 (2)2 交通信号灯控制系统的设计原理 (3)2.1 S7-200PLC的简介 (3)2.2 交通信号灯控制系统设计的控制方法 (4)3 交通信号灯控制系统总体结构框架的设计 (5)3.1 方案的选择与论证 (5)3.2 总体方案的确定 (5)4 交通灯控制系统硬件电路的设计 (6)4.1 控制要求分析 (6)4.2 交通信号灯控制系统模型图 (7)4.3 交通信号灯控制系统电气控制线路 (8)4.4 I/O分配 (9)5 交通灯控制系统软件的设计 (10)5.1程序流程图 (10)5.2 主要梯形图解析 (10)6交通信号灯控制系统运行调试 (17)7总结与展望 (18)7.1 总结 (18)7.2 展望 (18)8参考文献 (20)基于PLC S7-200的交通信号灯的控制系统设计曾繁荣（指导教师：高红亮）（湖北师范学院机电与控制工程学院，中国黄石 435002）摘要：本文结合SIEMENS公司的S7-200系列的PLC的性能和顺序控制法的特点，在介绍PLC系统基本硬件组成的基础上，结合交通信号灯控制系统的发展，深入的分析交通信号灯控制系统的工作原理，同时着重分析了S7-200PLC硬件设计和软件设计。

研究并提出了基于PLC S7-200的交通信号灯的控制系统设计方案，通过合理的选择和设计，实现根据不同的道路实况选择不同的控制方法，解决不同的交通问题。

关键字：PLC;顺序控制法;模式选择;控制中图分类号：TP29Design of traffic lights control system based on PLC S7-200Zeng Fanrong(tutor: Gao Hongliang)(College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Hubei Normal University, Huangshi,China, 435002)Abstract :This thesis combines the characteristic properties and sequence control method for SIEMENS company's S7-200 series PLC, based on introducing the basic hardware on the PLC system, combining with the development of control system of traffic lights, analysis of the working principle of the traffic signal lamp further control system, and analyzes the S7-200PLC hardware design and software design. Study and propose the design scheme of the control system of traffic lights based on PLC S7-200, throughthe rational selection and design, according to different road situation choose different control methods, to solve the traffic problems of different.Key words:PLC; sequence control; mode selection; control基于PLC S7-200的交通信号灯的控制系统设计曾繁荣（指导教师：高红亮）（湖北师范学院机电与控制工程学院中国黄石 435002）1前言1.1 研究背景与现状1.1.1问题的提出和研究背景随着经济的发展，车辆急剧增多，城市道路交通堵车现象日益严重。

毕业设计论文外文文献翻译智能交通信号灯控制中英文对照

英语原文Intelligent Traffic Light Controlby Marco Wiering The topic I picked for our community project was traffic lights. In a community, people need stop signs and traffic lights to slow down drivers from going too fast. If there were no traffic lights or stop signs, people’s lives would be in danger from drivers going too fast.The urban traffic trends towards the saturation, the rate of increase of the road of big city far lags behind rate of increase of the car.The urban passenger traffic has already become the main part of city traffic day by day and it has used about 80% of the area of road of center district. With the increase of population and industry activity, people's traffic is more and more frequent, which is unavoidable. What means of transportation people adopt produces pressure completely different to city traffic. According to calculating, if it is 1 to adopt the area of road that the public transport needs, bike needs 5-7, car needs 15-25, even to walk is 3 times more than to take public transits. So only by building road can't solve the city traffic problem finally yet. Every large city of the world increases the traffic policy to the first place of the question.For example，according to calculating, when the automobile owning amount of Shanghai reaches 800,000 (outside cars count separately ), if it distributes still as now for example: center district accounts for great proportion, even when several loop-lines and arterial highways have been built up , the traffic cannot be improved more than before and the situation might be even worse. So the traffic policy Shanghai must adopt , or called traffic strategy is that have priority to develop public passenger traffic of city, narrow the scope of using of the bicycle progressively , control the scale of growth of the car traffic in the center district, limit the development of the motorcycle strictly.There are more municipals project under construction in big city. the influence on the traffic is greater.Municipal infrastructure construction is originally a good thing of alleviating the traffic, but in the course of constructing, it unavoidably influence the local traffic. Some road sections are blocked, some change into an one-way lane, thus the vehicle can only take a devious route . The construction makes the road very narrow, forming the bottleneck, which seriously influence the car flow.When having stop signs and traffic lights, people have a tendency to drive slower andlook out for people walking in the middle of streets. To put a traffic light or a stop sign in a community, it takes a lot of work and planning from the community and the city to put one in. It is not cheap to do it either. The community first needs to take a petition around to everyone in the community and have them sign so they can take it to the board when the next city council meeting is. A couple residents will present it to the board, and they will decide weather or not to put it in or not. If not put in a lot of residents might be mad and bad things could happened to that part of the city.When the planning of putting traffic lights and stop signs, you should look at the subdivision plan and figure out where all the buildings and schools are for the protection of students walking and riding home from school. In our plan that we have made, we will need traffic lights next to the school, so people will look out for the students going home. We will need a stop sign next to the park incase kids run out in the street. This will help the protection of the kids having fun. Will need a traffic light separating the mall and the store. This will be the busiest part of the town with people going to the mall and the store. And finally there will need to be a stop sign at the end of the streets so people don’t drive too fast and get in a big accident. If this is down everyone will be safe driving, walking, or riding their bikes.In putting in a traffic light, it takes a lot of planning and money to complete it. A traffic light cost around $40,000 to $125,000 and sometimes more depending on the location. If a business goes in and a traffic light needs to go in, the business or businesses will have to pay some money to pay for it to make sure everyone is safe going from and to that business. Also if there is too many accidents in one particular place in a city, a traffic light will go in to safe people from getting a severe accident and ending their life and maybe someone else’s.The reason I picked this part of our community development report was that traffic is a very important part of a city. If not for traffic lights and stop signs, people’s lives would be in danger every time they walked out their doors. People will be driving extremely fast and people will be hit just trying to have fun with their friends. So having traffic lights and stop signs this will prevent all this from happening.Traffic in a city is very much affected by traffic light controllers. When waiting for a traffic light, the driver looses time and the car uses fuel. Hence, reducing waiting times before traffic lights can save our European society billions of Euros annually. To make traffic light controllers more intelligent, we exploit the emergence of novel technologies such as communication networks and sensor networks, as well as the use of more sophisticated algorithms for setting traffic lights. Intelligent traffic light control does not only mean thattraffic lights are set in order to minimize waiting times of road users, but also that road users receive information about how to drive through a city in order to minimize their waiting times. This means that we are coping with a complex multi-agent system, where communication and coordination play essential roles. Our research has led to a novel system in which traffic light controllers and the behaviour of car drivers are optimized using machine-learning methods.Our idea of setting a traffic light is as follows. Suppose there are a number of cars with their destination address standing before a crossing. All cars communicate to the traffic light their specific place in the queue and their destination address. Now the traffic light has to decide which option (ie, which lanes are to be put on green) is optimal to minimize the long-term average waiting time until all cars have arrived at their destination address. The learning traffic light controllers solve this problem by estimating how long it would take for a car to arrive at its destination address (for which the car may need to pass many different traffic lights) when currently the light would be put on green, and how long it would take if the light would be put on red. The difference between the waiting time for red and the waiting time for green is the gain for the car. Now the traffic light controllers set the lights in such a way to maximize the average gain of all cars standing before the crossing. To estimate the waiting times, we use 'reinforcement learning' which keeps track of the waiting times of individual cars and uses a smart way to compute the long term average waiting times using dynamic programming algorithms. One nice feature is that the system is very fair; it never lets one car wait for a very long time, since then its gain of setting its own light to green becomes very large, and the optimal decision of the traffic light will set his light to green. Furthermore, since we estimate waiting times before traffic lights until the destination of the road user has been reached, the road user can use this information to choose to which next traffic light to go, thereby improving its driving behaviour through a city. Note that we solve the traffic light control problem by using a distributed multi-agent system, where cooperation and coordination are done by communication, learning, and voting mechanisms. To allow for green waves during extremely busy situations, we combine our algorithm with a special bucket algorithm which propagates gains from one traffic light to the next one, inducing stronger voting on the next traffic controller option.We have implemented the 'Green Light District', a traffic simulator in Java in which infrastructures can be edited easily by using the mouse, and different levels of road usage can be simulated. A large number of fixed and learning traffic light controllers have already been tested in the simulator and the resulting average waiting times of cars have been plotted and compared. The results indicate that the learning controllers can reduce average waiting timeswith at least 10% in semi-busy traffic situations, and even much more when high congestion of the traffic occurs.We are currently studying the behaviour of the learning traffic light controllers on many different infrastructures in our simulator. We are also planning to cooperate with other institutes and companies in the Netherlands to apply our system to real world traffic situations. For this, modern technologies such as communicating networks can be brought to use on a very large scale, making the necessary communication between road users and traffic lights possible.中文翻译：智能交通信号灯控制马克·威宁我所选择的社区项目主题是交通灯。

基于单片机的智能交通信号控制系统的设计英语

基于单片机的智能交通信号控制系统的设计英语Intelligent traffic signal control systems have become essential in the current urbanization trend where there is a growing need for context-specific traffic management plans. These systems are designed to control the flow of traffic through intersections, prioritize emergency vehicles and enhance the safety of pedestrians. One of the most cost-effective and reliable ways of implementing this technology is through the use of single-chip microcontroller units (MCUs).Designing a microcontroller system for intelligent traffic signal control involves addressing various challenges such as power supply, sensor integration, synchronization, communication protocols and data analysis. The following is a reference guide for designing an intelligent traffic signal control system based on single-chip microcontrollers.Requirements AnalysisBefore designing any system, it is important to determine the needs of the user. A traffic signal control system should meet the following requirements.i) Continuous monitoring and adjustment of traffic flows.ii) Integration of road sensors to monitor traffic on all roads leading to the intersection.iii) Responsive reaction times to traffic signals, particularly for emergency vehicles.iv) Intuitive design with clear visual signals.v) Efficient power usage to reduce operational costs.vi) Ability to collect and analyze traffic data.Hardware DesignThe hardware of an intelligent traffic signal control system includes the MCU, sensor module, communication module, and power supply. The following is a breakdown of each of these components.i) MCU- The MCU is the brain of the system, responsible for signal processing, analysis and output. A suitable MCU for traffic signal control should have high processing speed, multiple I/O ports, and low power consumption. Examples of MCUs that can be used include Arduino, Raspberry Pi, PIC, and ARM-based controllers.ii) Sensor Module- The sensor module typically includes pressure, magnetic and infrared sensors installed on the roadways to detect the presence and movement of vehicles and pedestrians. These sensors feed data to the MCU, which adjusts the signal timings to the current traffic situation.iii) Communication Module- This module is used to communicate with other traffic signal systems and could involve wireless or wired communication protocols. It enables multiple systems to work in sync with each other.iv) Power Supply- The power supply unit should provide a stable and efficient source of power, with sufficient backup power in the event of a power outage. It should be designed to allow for easy maintenance.Software DesignSoftware design for an intelligent traffic signal control system involves programming the MCU to process input signals, interpret data and generate output signals that control the traffic lights. The software can be created using high-level programming languages, such as C++, Python, and Java.The software must be able to perform the following functions:i) Monitor incoming signals from the sensors in real-time.ii) Interpret incoming traffic data from the sensors.iii) Generate output signals to control the traffic lights based on the incoming traffic data.iv) Be easily customizable to the specific requirements of the traffic intersection and surrounding geography.v) Comprehensive data analysis to improve traffic planning and control methods.ConclusionDesigning an intelligent traffic signal control system requires substantial expertise in electronic engineering, computer programming, and traffic psychology. A thorough understanding of traffic behavior and an insightful analysis of the data collected by these systems is essential to ensure that intelligent traffic systems are optimized and are effective in reducing traffic congestion. This guide provides an overview of the key considerations involved in designing an intelligent traffic signal control system based on single-chip microcontroller units.。

电气工程与自动化专业基于PLC的交通灯控制系统设计大学毕业论文外文文献翻译及原文

毕业设计（论文）外文文献翻译文献、资料中文题目：基于PLC的交通灯控制系统设计文献、资料英文题目：PLC-based design of traffic lights 文献、资料来源：文献、资料发表（出版）日期：院（部）：专业：电气工程与自动化班级：姓名：学号：指导教师：翻译日期： 2017.02.14毕业设计（外文翻译）英文题目 PLC-based design of traffic lights中文题目基于PLC的交通灯设计PLC-based design of traffic lights Abstract: One kind of traffic light control system using programmable logic controller (PLC), via software control traffic lights run automatically. In the system, the original line is the program instead of the relay, programmable logic controller (PLC) system hardware and software resources to be fair use. Normal operation and emergency transport for a detailed description and from the East and West emergencies can be mutually linked. Traffic signal systems and two seven-segment digital display in the countdown order; also discussed in detail the wiring of the hardware and PLC ladder. Traffic lights at the crossroads of the remote monitoring system design configuration software MCGS, real-time monitoring of traffic lights, greatly improving the reliability of data transmission. At the same time, we can configure the traffic lights to change the status of photographs.Keywords: switching power,supply protection, circuit system design1. IntroductionWith the social development and progress, traffic flow becomes increasingly important. On the one hand, too many crossroads, more and more vehicles, which are causing serious traffic congestion. On the other hand, in the limited time it is necessary to maintain the vehicle and pedestrian fast and safe. Therefore, one kind of traffic light control system design, can be used to display time countdown, with computer controlled real-time data. In addition, the configuration technology for real-time images that reflect the traffic lights, understand the historical crossroads of work to get traffic lights visualization. The system consists of host computer and a low computer. MCGS configuration is installed in the host computer is lower by the PLC control system.Normal traffic signal timing diagram shown in Figure 1. But there are some urgent matters, for example. There are a number of ambulances to transport patients to the hospital or to deal with a number of fire engines and fire. Fire engines and ambulances rushed to take precedence over other traffic scene. According to urban traffic control system, under normal circumstances, two control methods and urgency traffic control factors into account. This process can show 14 segment encoder. U.S. traffic lights instant record of the monitoring process.Emergency control signals to control traffic emergency switch. If there is no emergency lights all work, but when an emergency open. In this case, the car is urgent priority pass. Once the emergency vehicle passes, emergency switch off immediately. The green light in the same direction of the vehicle quickly flashes three times, followed by the normal operation. If you were from the north-south and east-west two emergency vehicles, traffic control systems can respond quickly came early, and then another.2. Traffic Control System DesignA. Hardware designCP1H series PLC as controller, display the procedure should stop when the time series of abnormal system operation, the time will not be displayed. When the emergency procedures are completed time series, countdown display program should be reset. At 220 V AC system is used to control traffic lights, 24 V DC control segment encoder, Figure 2 shows the scheme Eastern time display. CP1H series programmable logic controller (PLC) is a simple controller, which consists of 24 inputs and sixteen outputs. Because the output to twenty In this system, an I / Omodule must be extended. Circuit is shown in Figure 2.B. Control Program DesignSix timers and two special normal open pulse is used in this system, the green light flashes for all north-south and east-timer and a special pulse; eight kinds ofinterlocking internal relay is used to implement the urgency and transmit pulse two directions to PLC, shown in the figure. Two SDEC instructions are used to display the countdown display the corresponding light. As an important part of the countdown display program, east and west of the green light reflected in the view 4 in these programs downloaded to the programmable logic controller (PLC), all the traffic lights running accuracy, urgency, and things can be interlocked from north to south strictly, all the lights can be set back to the urgency of passing state. Therefore, these control program is correct, simple.C. Monitoring SystemComputer system has two main functions: an output signal acquisition and display real-time status of the programmable logic controller (PLC) to control traffic lights, traffic lights. Another notification robot status and history of the state real-time curve by examining the history and alarm window.This monitoring system design and configuration software MCGS configuration is easy. The serial communication is implemented as follows.Data inspection methods: double endedSerial Communications Number: COM0 endedThe minimum sampling period: 200 msProgrammable Logic Controller (PLC) The parameters are defined as follows: The minimum sampling period of the basic properties: 200 msThree read / write channel: X0, X1, X2Six read-only access (read U.S. traffic lights): Q0-Q5All channels must be connected to a variable defined in a real-time database access visits and other parameters to their default values. After a successful relationship, PLC and computer control system is able to change the color of the analog signal lights in the picture on the PC being collected data through the serial port.. In contrast, by changing the parameters of the host, the corresponding value is written to the PLC internal relay control, intersection traffic lights can be implemented. Experimental results show that the system is usually good enough and animation. Online monitoring system of traffic lights in Figure 5:3. ConclusionExperimental results show that the system is usually configured with enough good photos. This system simplifies the programmable logic controller (PLC) and the communication between the host computer using industrial configuration software development time is greatly reduced. In particular, more suitable for complex controlsystems. We can control the traffic lights by the PLC and MCGS configuration, replace the original relay control, improve the system's lifetime. At the same time, this method can be applied to control the motor and fluid levels. Remote control and configuration combined with the simulation, can be applied to similar control zone. 4. References[1] Whitworth, Duller, Jones D I. Aerial video inspection of overhead power lines [J].PowerEngineering Journal,2001,15:25-32.[2] Jan Axelson, Lakeview Research-Serial port complete [D]. USA:1999:91-135.基于PLC的交通灯控制系统设计摘要一种交通灯控制系统采用可编程序控制器(PLC), 通过软件控制交通灯自动运行。

PLC控制系统外文翻译

附录Abstract: Programmable controller in the field of industrial control applications, and PLC in the application process, to ensure normal operation should be noted that a series of questions, and give some reasonable suggestions.Key words: PLC Industrial Control Interference Wiring Ground Proposal DescriptionOver the years, programmable logic controller (hereinafter referred to as PLC) from its production to the present, to achieve a connection to the storage logical leap of logic; its function from weak to strong, to achieve a logic control to digital control of progress; its applications from small to large, simple controls to achieve a single device to qualified motion control, process control and distributed control across the various tasks. PLC today in dealing with analog, digital computing, human-machine interface and the network have been a substantial increase in the capacity to become the mainstream of the field of control of industrial control equipment, in all walks of life playing an increasingly important role.ⅡPLC application areasCurrently, PLC has been widely used in domestic and foreign steel, petroleum, chemical, power, building materials, machinery manufacturing, automobile, textile, transportation, environmental and cultural entertainment and other industries, the use of mainly divided into the following categories:1. Binary logic controlReplace traditional relay circuit, logic control, sequential control, can be used to control a single device can also be used for multi-cluster control and automation lines. Such as injection molding machine, printing machine, stapler machine, lathe, grinding machines, packaging lines, plating lines and so on.2. Industrial Process ControlIn the industrial production process, there are some, such as temperature, pressure, flow, level and speed, the amount of continuous change (ie, analog), PLC using the appropriate A / D and D / A converter module, and a variety of control algorithm program to handle analog, complete closed-loop control. PID closed loop control system adjustment is generally used as a conditioning method was more. Process control in metallurgy, chemical industry, heat treatment, boiler control and so forth have a very wide range of applications3. Motion ControlPLC can be used in a circular motion or linear motion control. Generally use a dedicated motion control module, for example a stepper motor or servo motor driven single-axis or multi-axis position control module, used in a variety of machinery, machine tools, robots, elevators and other occasions.4. Data ProcessingPLC with mathematics (including matrix operations, functions, operation, logic operation), data transfer, data conversion, sorting, look-up table, bit manipulation functions, you can complete the data collection, analysis and processing. Dataprocessing is generally used, such as paper making, metallurgy, food industry, some of the major control system5. Communications and networkingPLC communication with the communication between PLC and the PLC and other communications between intelligent devices. Along with the development of factory automation network, the PLC now has communication interface, communication is very convenient.ⅢApplication features of PLC1. High reliability, strong anti-interferenceHigh reliability is the key to performance of electrical control equipment. PLC as the use of modern large scale integrated circuit technology, using the strict production process, the internal circuits to the advanced anti-jamming technology, with high reliability. Constitute a control system using PLC, and the same size compared to relay contactor system, electrical wiring and switch contacts have been reduced to hundreds or even thousands of times, fault also greatly reduced. In addition, PLC hardware failure with self-detection, failure alarm timely information. In the application software, application are also incorporated into the peripheral device fault diagnosis procedure, the system is in addition to PLC circuits and devices other than the access protection fault diagnosis. In this way, the whole system extremely high reliability.2. Fully furnished, fully functional, applicabilityPLC to today, has formed a series products of various sizes, can be used for occasions of all sizes of industrial control. In addition to processing other than logic, PLC data, most of computing power has improved, can be used for a variety of digital control in the field. A wide variety of functional units in large numbers, so that penetration to the position of PLC control, temperature control, CNC and other industrial control. Enhanced communication capabilities with PLC and human-machine interface technology, using the PLC control system composed of a variety of very easily.3. Easy to learn, well engineering and technical personnel welcomePLC is facing the industrial and mining enterprises in the industrial equipment. It interfaces easily, programming language easily acceptable for engineering and technical personnel. Ladder language, graphic symbols and expressions and relay circuit very close to are not familiar with electronic circuits, computer principles and assembly language do not understand people who engage in industrial control to open the door.4. System design, the workload is small, easy maintenance, easy to transformPLC logic with memory logic instead of wiring, greatly reducing the control equipment external wiring, make the control system design and construction of the much shorter period, while routine maintenance is also easier up, even more important is to change the procedures of the same equipment has been changed production process possible. This is particularly suitable for many varieties, small batch production situations.(1)Installation and wiring●Power lines, control lines and power lines and PLC I / O lines should be split wiring, isolation transformer and PLC and I / O should be used between the cable connection Shuangjiao. The PLC's IO lines and power lines go separate lines, such as to be in the same groove, the separation of bundled communication lines, DC lines, if conditions allow, the best sub-groove alignment, not only will it have the greatest possible distance and can reduce the noise to a minimum.●PLC should stay away from strong interference sources such as welding, high-power silicon rectifier devices and large power equipment, not with the high-voltage electrical switch installed in the same cabinet. PLC in the cabinet should stay away from power lines (the distance between the two should be more than 200mm). And PLC cabinets installed within the same inductive load, such as large power relay, contactor coil, arc should be parallel RC circuit.●PLC input and output separately from the best alignment, switch and analog should be laid separately. The transmission of analog signals should be shielded cable, one end or both ends of the shield should be grounding resistance should be less than the shielding layer 1 / 10.●AC output line and DC output lines do not use the same cable, the output line should be far from power lines and power lines, to avoid parallel.(2)I / O wiring terminalInput Connection●Input wiring generally not too long. But if the environment interfere with small, small voltage drop, the input terminal can be properly longer.●Input / output lines can not be used with a cable, input / output lines should be separated.●The extent possible, normally open contact form to connect to the input in the establishment of the ladder and relay the same schematic, easy to read。