七年级上册第一单元语法

本单元的语法

一．Grammar: Pronouns（代词）

代词是代替名词及起名词作用的短语或句子的词。代词根据其意思和用法可分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、相互代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词等九类。

人称代词

（1）人称代词主格：作主语，表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。如：

I am a teacher. You are student. He is a student, too.

We / You / They are students.

（2）人称代词宾格作宾语，表示动作行为的对象。如：

Give it to me. Let’s go (let’s =let us)

物主代词

表示所有关系的代词叫做物主代词，也可叫做代词所有格。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词二种，其人称和数的变化见下表。

（1）形容词性物主代词( my / your / his / her / its / our / their )+名词。

如：

her book my teacher his bike

（2）名词性物主代词则相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”,故其后不必加名词。如：

Is this your book?

No,，it isn’t，it’s hers(her book)

This pen is mine.

（3）注：人称代词并列用法的排列顺序

单数人称代词并列作主语时，其顺序为：第二人称->第三人称->第一人称即：you and I; he/she/it and I; you, he/she/it and I 复数人称代词作主语时，其顺序为：第一人称->第二人称->第三人称即：we and you; you and they; we, you and they 但承认错误时，I 通常在最前。I and Mary are to blame(责备).

练一练

1. This is not _____ desk. My desk is over there.

2. －Can you spell _____ name, Harry? －Sorry.

3. Tom and Jack are brothers. This is _____ room.

4. We are in the same class. _____ classroom is very nice.

5. Mrs Green is my teacher. I’m _____ student.

6. That’s a cat. _____ name is Mimi.

7. Tom is in the room. This is _____ pencil-box.

8. Sam and Peter, look at _____ hands(手). They are so dirty.

9. －Mike, is this _____ picture? －Yes, it is.

10. －Can we put(放) _____ shorts here? －Yes, you can.

11. Mom, they are _____ classmates Rose(女) and _____brother David.

12. Jack, where are _____ socks?

答案：1.my 2.your 3.their 4.Our 5.her 6.Its 7.his

8.your9.your10.our11.my,her12.your

改错，判断下列句子中的代词是否有错误，如果有请改正。

1．I like he.

2. This car is your.

3.We call they lions(狮子).

4. Those model planes are my.

5. Can me help you?

6. What is she name?

7. She is reading(读) a book for they.

8. This book isn’t her, it’s mine.

二．Be动词的用法

当使用be动词的时候，前面请先加上第几人称。be动词前面的人称，是不可随意替换的。例如：I am, You are, She is，并不会出现I is, You am, She are 这样的情形.

be动词包括“am”, “is”, “are”三种形式。

第一人称单数I配合am来用。句型解析析：I am+…

第二人称(You)配合are使用。句型解析：You are+…

第三人称单数(He or She or It)配合is使用。句型解析：She(He, It) is +……

人称复数(we /you/they)配合are使用。句型解析：We (You, They) are +……

我(I)用am，你(you)用are，is连着他(he)，她(she)，它(it)；

这些是固定用法：

I am a boy. (你不能说I is a boy)

You are a student.

He is a boy.

She is a girl.

It is a cat.

单数名词用is，复数名词全用are。(主语个数是一个时，谓语用单数is，主语个数为2个或以上，谓语用复数are.)如：

The book is blue.(一本书）

The books are blue.（多本书）

变疑问，往前提，句末问号莫丢弃。(陈述句中谓语为is,are,am时，变疑问句只将其提前）如：

It is a book.变为：Is it a book?

变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记。如：

It is a book.变为: It is not a book.(否定句）

疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。如：

It is a book.变为：Is not it a book?(疑问否定句）

Be的用法口诀

Be有am,is,are 我(I)用am 你(you)用are is连着他(he)她(she)它(it)

我们(we)你们(you)他们(they)要用are 单数名词用is 复数形式要用are

变否定真容易be后not为标记

变问句be提前，句尾问号要配全（？）

应用时多注意缩写形式要牢记：

I'm=I am you're=you are he's=he is she's=she is it's=it is

we're=we are you're=you are they're=they are ... ...

练一练

用am，is，are填空