怎样把中国的这些特色词汇翻译成英文让外国人懂
生态翻译视角的中国特色词汇英译
生态翻译视角的中国特色词汇英译随着环保意识的提升和生态保护的日益重要，越来越多的中国特色词汇开始被广泛使用。
因此，为了更好地理解和交流，翻译人员需要掌握这些词汇的英文表达。
以下是一些重要的中国特色词汇及其英文翻译。
1. 绿色发展 Green Development绿色发展是生态文明建设的重要理念之一，它强调资源节约、环境保护和经济发展的协调发展。
2. 生态保护 Ecological Conservation生态保护是指保护、恢复和优化自然生态系统，保护生物多样性和维护生态平衡。
3. 碳排放 Carbon Emissions碳排放是指工业生产、交通运输和能源消费等活动所排放的二氧化碳等温室气体。
4. 碳减排 Carbon Reduction碳减排是指通过降低碳排放来解决气候变化的问题，包括使用清洁能源和加强节能等方法。
6. 生态文明 Ecological Civilization生态文明是指人与自然和谐共处的一种理念和生活方式，旨在提高生态环境保护和可持续发展的意识。
7. 低碳经济 Low-carbon Economy低碳经济是指通过优化产业结构、提高资源利用效率和减少碳排放等方式，实现经济发展和环境保护的协调发展。
8. 可再生能源 Renewable Energy可再生能源是指通过自然循环流程能够被无限制生产的清洁能源，如风能、太阳能、水能和生物能。
9. 生态系统 Ecosystem生态系统是指由生物群落、环境和自然资源等有机联系在一起的复杂系统，能够自主运行和自我调节。
10. 生物多样性 Biodiversity生物多样性是指地球上所有的生物种类和它们所居住的生境之间的复杂相互关系，是保护生态系统和生态平衡的重要基础之一。
11. 环境保护 Environmental Protection环境保护是指采取各种措施来保护和改善人类生存的自然环境，包括减少污染、降低碳排放和节约资源等。
12. 生态农业 Ecological Agriculture生态农业是一种注重生态保护和资源利用效率高的农业模式，采用无污染的有机农业和绿色粮食生产等方法。
10大类最具中国特色的英文词汇及表达汇总
10⼤类最具中国特⾊的英⽂词汇及表达汇总今天为⼤家分享的是10⼤类最具中国特⾊的英⽂词汇及表达，不仅平时⼝语中能⽤到，各类英语考试也是频频出现哦，⼀起加油吧~⼀、中国朝代的那些事⼉中华⽂明 Chinese civilization⽂明摇篮 cradle of civilization华夏祖先 the Chinese ancestors秦始皇帝 First Emperor, Emperor Chin皇太后 Empress Dowager汉⾼祖刘邦 founder of the Han Dynasty (206BC-220AD)成吉思汗 Genghis Khan ; Temujin夏朝 Xia Dynasty明清两代 (of) Ming and Qing dynasties朝廷使者 royal court envoy⼆、中国那些易错的地名四川 Sichuan, Szechwan, Szechuan陝西 Shaanxi厦门Amoy西藏Tibet三、四⼤发明的英⽂说法四⼤发明 the four great inventions of ancient China⽕药 gunpowder印刷术 printing造纸术 paper-making指南针 the compass四、中国四⼤名著《三国演义》 Three Kingdoms《西游记》 Journey to the West; Pilgrimage to the West《⽔浒传》 Heroes of the Marshes; Tales of the Water Margin《红楼梦》 Dream of the Red Mansions五、经典作品《史记》 Historical Records《⼭海经》 The Classic of Mountains and Rivers《孝经》 Book of Filial Piety《孙⼦兵法》 The Art of War《三字经》 The Three-Character Scripture;The Three-Word Chant六、汉语的秘密汉字 Chinese character单⾳节 single syllable汉语四声调 the four tones of Chinese characters阳平 rising tone阴平 high and level tone上声 falling-rising tone去声 falling tone五⾔绝句 a poem of four lines，each containing of five characters对对联 matching an antithetical couplet七、中华⽂化遗产拾珠重要⽂化遗产 major cultural heritage优秀民间艺术 outstanding folk arts⽂物 cultural relics中国画 traditional Chinese painting书法 calligraphy⽔墨画 Chinese brush painting; ink and wash painting⼯笔 traditional Chinese realistic painting中国结 Chinese knot旗袍 Cheongsam中⼭装 Chinese tunic suit唐装 traditional Chinese garments (clothing)，Tang suit⼋、中国年&传统节⽇⼗⼆⽣肖 the twele Chinese zodiac signs本命年one s year of birth considered in relation to the 12 Terrestrial Branches 传统节⽇ traditional holidays春节 the Spring Festival元宵节the Lantern Festival (15th day of the first lunar month)清明节the Pure Brightness Festival / the Tomb-sweeping Day (April the 5th)端午节the Dragon Boat Festival (5th of the fifth lunar month)中秋节the Moon Festival / the Mid-Autumn Day (15th of the eight lunar month)重阳节 the Double Ninth Day / the Aged Day九、中国天⼲地⽀等阳历 solar calendar公历 Gregorian calendar阴历 lunar calendar天⼲ heavenly stem地⽀ earthly branch闰年 leap year⼆⼗四节⽓ the twenty-four solar terms⼗、中国瑰宝习武健⾝ practice martial art for fitness⽓功 qigong，deep breathing exercises篆刻 seal cutting upriteous⼯艺, ⼿艺 workmanship/craftsmanship卷轴 scroll蜡染 wax printing泥⼈ clay figurine漆画 lacquer painting唐三彩 Tri-colored glazed pottery of theTang Dynasty景泰蓝 cloisonné(enamel)⽂房四宝 writing materials▼。
中国传统英语表达
常见中国传统文化专用词汇英文翻译1、中国意念词(Chinesenesses)八卦 trigram阴、阳 yin, yang道 Dao(cf. logo)江湖(世界) the jianghu World (the traits’ world). You can’t control everything in a traits’ world. (人在江湖，身不由己)道 Daoism(Taoism)上火 excessive internal heat儒学 Confucianism红学(《红楼梦》研究) redology世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia开放 kaifang (Chinese openness to the outside world)大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wounded不搞一刀切 no imposing unifo rmity on …合乎国情，顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people乱摊派，乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge铁交椅iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty治则兴，乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline2 、中华民族的喜庆节日(Chinese Festivial)国庆节 National Day中秋节 Mid-Autumn Day/Festival春节 Spring Festival元宵节 Lantern Festival儿童节Children’s Day端午节 Dragon Boat Festival妇女节Women’s Day泼水节 Water-Splashing Day教师节Teachers’ Day五四青年节 Youth Day3、中国独特的传统饮食(Unique Traditional Chinese Foods)馄饨 wonton锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)花卷 steamed twisted rolls套餐 set meal盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away米豆腐 rice tofu魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu米粉 rice noodles冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.)火锅 chafing dish八宝饭 eight-treasure rice pudding粉丝 glass noodles豆腐脑 jellied bean curd4 、中国新兴事物(Newly Sprouted Things)中国电信 China Telecom中国移动 China Mobile十五计划 the 10th Five-Year Plan中国电脑联网 Chinanet三峡工程 the Three Gorges Project希望工程 Project Hope京九铁路 Beijing CKowloon Railway扶贫工程 Anti-Poverty Project菜篮子工程 Vegetable Basket Project温饱工程 Decent-Life Project安居工程 Economy Housing Project扫黄 Porn-Purging Campaign西部大开发 Go-West Campaign5 、特有的一些汉语词汇禅宗 Zen Buddhism禅 dhyana; dhgaya混沌 chaos道 Daosim, the way and its power四谛 Four Noble Truth八正道 Eightfold Path无常 anity五行说 Theory of Five Elements无我 anatman坐禅 metta or transcendental meditation空 sunyata虚无 nothingness双喜 double happiness(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英)小品 witty skits相声 cross-talk噱头；掉包袱 gimmick, stunt夜猫子 night people; night-owls本命年 this animal year of sb.处世之道 philosophy of life姻缘 yinyuan(prefixed fate of marriage)还愿 redeem a wish (vows)6 、具有文化特色的现代表述大陆中国 Mainland China红宝书 little red book红色中国 socialist China四化 Four Modernizations终生职业 job-for-life铁饭碗 iron rice bowl大锅饭 communal pot关系户 closely-related units外出打工人员 migrant workers关系网 personal nets, closely-knitted guild五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)：the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals四美(心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美)： the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment7 、中国古代独特事物(Unique Ancient Chinese Items)宣纸 rice paper衙门 yamen叩头 kowtow孔子Confucius牌楼 pailou；pai-loo?wushu(Chinese Martial Arts)功夫 kungfu ；kung fu中庸 the way of medium (cf. Golden Means)中和 harmony (zhonghe)孝顺 to show filial obedience孝子 dutiful son家长 family head三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲 three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife五常：仁、义、理、智、信 five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity八股文 eight-legged essays多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one’s old age8、近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译基层监督 grass-roots supervision基础税率 base tariff level婚介所 matrimonial agency婚外恋 extramarital love婚纱摄影 bride photo黑心棉 shoddy cotton机器阅卷 machine scoring即开型奖券 scratch-open ticket/lottery集中精力把经济建设搞上去 go all out for economic development价格听证会 public price hearings甲A球队 Division A Soccer Team家政服务 household management service加强舆论监督 ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion假帐 accounting fraud叫板 challenge; pick a quarrel矫情 use lame arguments渐进式台独 gradual Taiwan independence借调 temporarily transfer扩大中等收入者比重 Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption。
常见中国传统文化专用词汇英文翻译
常见中国传统文化专用词汇英文翻译1、中国意念词(Chinesenesses)八卦trigram阴、阳yin, yang道Dao(cf. logo)江湖(世界) the jianghu World (the traits’ world)e.g. You can’t control everything in a traits’ world. (人在江湖，身不由己)道Daoism(Taoism)上火excessive internal heat儒学Confucianism红学(《红楼梦》研究) redology世外桃源Shangri-la or Arcadia开放kaifang (Chinese openness to the outside world)大锅饭getting an equal share regardless of the work done伤痕文学scar literature or the literature of the wounded不搞一刀切no imposing uni formity on …合乎国情，顺乎民意to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people 乱摊派，乱收费imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge铁交椅iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post脱贫to shake off poverty; anti-poverty治则兴，乱则衰Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline2 、中华民族的喜庆节日(Chinese Festivial)国庆节National Day中秋节Mid-Autumn Day/Festival春节Spring Festival元宵节Lantern Festival儿童节Children’s Day端午节Dragon Boat Festival妇女节Women’s Day泼水节Water-Splashing Day教师节Teachers’ Day五四青年节Youth Day3、中国独特的传统饮食(Unique Traditional Chinese Foods)馄饨wonton锅贴guotie (fried jiaozi)花卷steamed twisted rolls套餐set meal盒饭box lunch; Chinese take-away米豆腐rice tofu魔芋豆腐konjak tofu米粉rice noodles冰糖葫芦a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc.)火锅chafing dish八宝饭eight-treasure rice pudding粉丝glass noodles豆腐脑jellied bean curd4 、中国新兴事物(Newly Sprouted Things)中国电信China Telecom中国移动China Mobile十五计划the 10th Five-Year Plan中国电脑联网Chinanet三峡工程the Three Gorges Project希望工程Project Hope京九铁路Beijing CKowloon Railway扶贫工程Anti-Poverty Project菜篮子工程Vegetable Basket Project温饱工程Decent-Life Project安居工程Economy Housing Project扫黄Porn-Purging Campaign西部大开发Go-West Campaign5 、特有的一些汉语词汇禅宗Zen Buddhism禅dhyana; dhgaya混沌chaos道Daosim, the way and its power四谛Four Noble Truth八正道Eightfold Path无常anity五行说Theory of Five Elements无我anatman坐禅metta or transcendental meditation空sunyata虚无nothingness双喜double happiness(中)，a doubled stroke of luck(英) 小品witty skits相声cross-talk噱头；掉包袱gimmick, stunt夜猫子night people; night-owls本命年this animal year of sb.处世之道philosophy of life姻缘yinyuan(prefixed fate of marriage)还愿redeem a wish (vows)6 、具有文化特色的现代表述大陆中国Mainland China红宝书little red book红色中国socialist China四化Four Modernizations终生职业job-for-life铁饭碗iron rice bowl大锅饭communal pot关系户closely-related units外出打工人员migrant workers关系网personal nets, closely-knitted guild五讲(讲文明、讲礼貌、讲卫生、讲秩序、讲道德)：the Five Merits focus on decorum, manners, hygiene, disciplines and morals四美(心灵美、语言美、行为美、环境美)：the Four Virtues are golden heart, refined language, civilized behavior, and green environment7 、中国古代独特事物(Unique Ancient Chinese Items)宣纸rice paper衙门yamen叩头kowtow孔子Confucius牌楼pailou；pai-loo武术wushu(Chinese Martial Arts)功夫kungfu ；kung fu中庸the way of medium (cf. Golden Means)中和harmony (zhonghe)孝顺to show filial obedience孝子dutiful son家长family head三纲：君为臣纲，父为子纲，夫为妻纲three cardinal guides: ruler guides subject, father guides son husband guides wife五常：仁、义、理、智、信five constant virtues: benevolence (humanity), righteousness, propriety, wisdom and fidelity八股文eight-legged essays多子多福：The more sons/children, the more blessing/ great happiness养儿防老：raising sons to support one in one’s old age8、近一季度见诸报端的中国现代特色词汇翻译基层监督grass-roots supervision基础税率base tariff level婚介所matrimonial agency婚外恋extramarital love婚纱摄影bride photo黑心棉shoddy cotton机器阅卷machine scoring即开型奖券scratch-open ticket/lottery集中精力把经济建设搞上去go all out for economic development价格听证会public price hearings甲A球队Division A Soccer Team家政服务household management service加强舆论监督ensure the correct orientation is maintained in public opinion假帐accounting fraud叫板challenge; pick a quarrel矫情use lame arguments渐进式台独gradual Taiwan independence借调temporarily transfer扩大中等收入者比重Raise the proportion of the middle-income group.扩大内需，刺激消费expand domestic demand and consumption“民族传统”的必背考点一、对龙图腾他的崇拜在中国大约已绵延了八千多年。
中国文化特色词语英译3
中国文化特色词语英译（一）宗教及传统文拜年: pay a New Year call财运: luck in making money江南水乡: the south of the lower reaches of the Yangtze River禅宗: Chan Sect/Zen Sect出家人: ascetic祠堂:memorial temple倒春寒：an unusually cold spell in an otherwise warm early spring道教：Taoism道士：Taoist priest法师：Master 方丈：Buddhist abbot佛教：Buddhism恭喜发财：May you be prosperous和尚：Buddhism monk华表：ornamental column/cloud pillar/stele红包：red envelope containing money as a gift; bribe/kickback（贬义用法）华盖：canopy回教：Islam慧根：the organ of wisdom甲骨文：inscriptions on oracle bones戒律：precept/discipline金刚经：Diamond Sutra京剧票友：Perking Opera fan京剧人物脸谱：types of facial make-up in Perking Opera/Perking Opera masks旧教/天主教：Catholicism坎儿井：karez喇嘛：Lama老字号：an old and famous shop/enterprise尼姑：Buddhism nun涅槃：Nirvana旗袍：cheongsam三藏经：Tripitaka三教（儒、释、道）：Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism时运：luck/fortune四大皆空：all space directions being void新教，耶稣教：Protestantism真人：Taoism pure man族人：clansman坐禅：sitting in meditation（二）名胜古迹阿里山：Ali Mountain碑林：Forest of Steles兵马俑：the Terra-cotta Warriors and Horses布达拉宫：Potala Palace长春观：Changchun Taoism Temple承德避暑山庄：Chengde Mountain Resort /the Imperial Mountain Summer Resort 大屿山：Lantau Island大运河：Grand Canal滇池：Dianci Lake都江堰：Dujiangyan Weir二七纪念馆：February 7 Memorial Hall鼓浪屿：Gulang yu Islet/Gulang yu Island归元寺：Guiyuan Buddhist Temple龟山：Tortoise Hill华清池：Huaqing Hot Spring黄鹤楼：Yellow Crane Tower居庸关：Juyongguan Pass橘子洲：Orange Island孔庙/夫子庙：the Temple of Confucius坤宁宫：Palace of Earthly Tranquility乐山大佛：Leshan Giant Buddha灵隐寺：Temple of Soul’s Retreat龙门石窟：Longmen Grottoes芦笛岩：Reed Flute Cave毛主席纪念堂：Chairman Mao Memorial Hall莫高窟：Mogao Grotto in Dunhuang蓬莱阁：Penglai Pavilion人民大会堂：the Great Hall of the People人民英雄纪念碑：Monument of the People’s Heroes日月潭：Sun Moon Lake三峡：the Three Gorges on the Yangtze River/ the Three Gorges of the Yangtze River少林寺：Shaolin Temple/ Shaolin Monastery蛇山：Snake Hill狮子林：Lion Grove十三陵：the Ming Tombs石林：Stone Forest苏州园林：Suzhou Gardens/the Gardens of Suzhou太和殿：Hall of Supreme Harmony太湖：Lake Taihu天安门广场：Tian An Men Square天坛：the Temple of Heaven外滩：the Bund武侯祠：Temple Dedicated to the Memory of Zhuge Liang西湖：the West Lake象鼻山：Elephant Trunk Hill养心殿：Hall of Mental Cultivation颐和园（夏宫）：the Imperial Garden /the Summer Palace雍和宫：Yonghegong Lamasery雨花台：the Terrace of the Raining Flowers玉渊潭公园：Jade Abyss Pool Park豫园（上海城隍庙）：Yuyuan Garden/Shanghai’s Town God’s Temple 岳阳楼：Yueyang Tower中山陵：Dr. Sun Yet-sen’s Mausoleum紫金山天文台：Purple Hills Observatory紫竹院公园：Purple Bamboo Court Park（三）二十四节气二十四节气：the twenty-four solar terms立春：the Beginning of Spring (1st solar term)雨水：Rain Water(2nd solar term)惊蛰：the Walking of Insects(3rd solar term)春分：the Spring Equinox(4th solar term)清明：Pure Brightness(5th solar term)谷雨：Grain Rain(6th solar term)立夏：the Beginning of Summer(7th solar term)小满：Grain Full(8th solar term)芒种：Grain in Ear(9th solar term)夏至：the summer solstice（10th solar term）小暑：Slight Heat(11th solar term)大暑：Great Heat(12th solar system)立秋：the Beginning of Autumn(13th solar term)处暑：the Limit of Heat(14th solar term)白露：White Dew(15th solar term)秋分：the Autumnal Equinox(16th solar term)寒露：Cold Dew(17th solar term)霜降：Frost’s Descent(18th solar term)立冬：the Beginning of Winter(19th solar term)小雪：Lesser Snow(20th solar term)大雪：Greater Snow(21st solar term)冬至：the Winter Solstice(22nd solar term)小寒：Lesser Cold(23rd solar term)大寒：Greater Cold(24th solar term)（四）政治经济活动“达标”活动: “target hitting” activities“豆腐渣”工程：jerry-built project“一条龙服务”:coordinated-process service安居工程：housing project for low-income families按劳分配：distribution according to one’s performance把各项政策落到实处：truly put all policies into effect把握正确的舆论导向：to properly guide the public opinion把眼光放远一些：to subordinate immediate interests to the long-term ones/to be farsighted/to have a broad view把已经确定的方针政策措施落到实处：to get the set principles, policies and measures implemented 百花齐放、百家争鸣：Let a hundred flowers blossom and a hundred schools of thought contend百年不遇：once-in-a-century摆门面：to put up an impressive front半拉子工程：uncompleted project包干到户：work contracted to households保持和发展党的先进性：preserve and enhance/maintain and develop the Party’s vanguard nature 保重点，不撒胡椒面：Resources must be channeled to(or concentrated on) priority projects and not spread thinly(evenly) everywhere本位主义：departmentalism变相涨价：disguised inflation拨乱反正：to set things right/to restore things to order不搞一刀切：without imposing a single solution不顾条件，一哄而起：to rush into action in disregard of objective conditions不合理收费、集资和摊派：to impose charges and quotas and collect money without authorization不正之风：unhealthy practice（tendency）不良风气：unhealthy ways and customs部优产品：Ministry-recognized quality goods/products财政困难县：financially strapped counties菜篮子工程：the shopping basket project参政议政意识：the awareness of the need to participate in the discussion and administration of state affairs超计划生育：to have more children than what is planned/extra-plan babies城市最低生活保障制度：the system of basic cost of living allowances for urban residents城乡居民最低生活保障制度：the system of basic living allowances for urban and rural residents吃大锅饭：egalitarian practice of “everybody eating from the same big pot”出口退税：export tax rebates传销：pyramid selling/multi-level marketing春运：（passenger）transportation during the Spring Festival磁悬浮列车：maglev train (magnetically levitated train )/magnetic suspension打白条：to issue IOUs打假：to crack down on counterfeit goods打捆带货：bundled loans大路货：staple goods大排档：sidewalk snack booth/large stall大腕：top notch/a heavyweight待业：job-waiting单位：organizations and institutions党风廉政建设：build a fine Party culture and keeps its organization clean党群关系：Party-masses relationship党性：one’s Party morale/Party spirit/Party character倒爷：profiteer第二职业：second employment/second occupation第三产业：tertiary industry/service sector对外宣传工作：to conduct public diplomacy programs发展是硬道理：Development is of overriding importance防洪工程：flood-prevention project房管：real estate management放宽市场准入：relax control over market entry/ease market access扶贫：poverty alleviation福利分房：welfare-oriented public housing distribution system改革开放：reform and opening to the outside world港人治港：Hong Kong people governing Hong Kong高新技术产业开发区：high and new technological industry development zone搞活国营大中型企业：to revitalize/invigorate large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 革命老根据地：the old revolutionary base areas公费医疗：medical services at state expense公款吃喝：banquet at public expenses挂靠：to be attached or affiliated to/to be subordinated to挂职：to take up provisional post in官倒：official profiteering/official racketing规范收入分配秩序：standardize pattern of income distribution国家行政编制：government staff status长期国库券：treasury bonds国有大中型企业：large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises和平共处五项原则：the Five Principles of Peaceful Coexistence和平统一，一国两制的方针：the principles of peaceful reunification and “one country, two systems”/the policy of peaceful reunification and the principle of “one country, two systems”和平演变：peaceful evolution towards capitalism和谐发展的内涵：the characteristics of a harmonious society 黑店：gangster inn黑社会：Mafia-style organizations; gangland红筹股：red-chip shares/red chips户口簿：residence booklet户口管理制度：domicile system/residence registration system户主：head of a household灰色收入：income from moonlighting火炬计划：Torch Program( a plan to develop new and high technology)基本国情：fundamental realities of the country基层民主：community-level democracy集体主义：community spirit/collectivism计划生育：family planning加强基层民主：to expand democracy at village and community level加强务实合作：to enhance cooperation in practical term假日经济：holiday economy坚持“一个中心、两个基本点”的基本路线：adhere to the Party’s basic line of taking economic development as the central task and upholding the four Cardinal Principles and the reform and opening up policy, known as “one central task and two basic points”坚持两个文明一起抓：to ensure that efforts are made to build a society that is advocated both materially and culturally and ideologically减员增效、下岗分流：to cut down the size of workforce for efficiency and get the layoff re-employed elsewhere讲文明礼貌：to promote civilized behavior/civic manners讲学习，讲政治，讲正气的党性党风教育：to educate the cadres in the Party spirit and style through the promotion of the three emphases on theoretical studies, political awareness and integrity解放生产力：to emancipate the productive forces 解放思想：to free our mind戒急用忍：to overcome impetuosity exercise patience/no haste/be patient精简机构：to streamline government organs精神文明建设：to promote cultural and ethical progress纠风办：State Council Office for Rectification纠正不正之风：to rectify unhealthy tendencies and malpractices军转民：military conversion/conversion from military to civilian production开展扫黄打非斗争：to eliminate/crack down on pornography and other illegal publications康居工程：the Affordable Housing Project科技是第一生产力：Science and technology constitute a primary productive force科教兴国战略：the strategy of rejuvenating the country through science and education科学民主决策：to make decisions scientifically and democratically跨世纪工程：trans-century project污损企业：enterprises running in the end/under deficit廉政建设：construction of a clean government龙头：to play a leading role in/to serve as a powerhouse乱摊派：indiscriminate levies/arbitrary imposition of quotas乱涨价：unauthorized price rise民工：out-of-town laborer/rural laborer/migrant laborer民族区域自治制度：the system of autonomy of ethnic regions磨洋工：to dawdle along南水北调工程：projects to divert water from the south to the north农转非：agricultural people to be given non-agricultural status普法教育：to enhance legal awareness企业政策性破产：policy-mandated bankruptcy of enterprise强国之路：the path to a strong China勤俭强国：to build the country with industry and thrift全民所有制：public ownership/public sector/publicly owned权力下放：to delegate/decentralize power to the lower levels三角债：debt chains三通：direct links in postal service，air and shipping services and trade/three direct links ,mail and air and shipping services across the Taiwan Straits三峡工程：Three Gorges Projects三资企业：enterprises in the “three forms of ventures”: Sino-foreign joint ventures ,cooperative businesses and exclusively(wholly) foreign-owned enterprises扫黄：anti-pornography drive/campaign against pornography社会主义基本制度：the basic system of socialism涉外婚姻：Chinese marriage with foreign nationals 生态补偿机制：ecological damage compensation mechanism十年动乱：the ten chaotic years/the ten-year turmoil十年规划和“八五”计划纲要：the guidelines of the Ten-Year Program and the Eighth Five-Year Plan 实事求是：to pursue a realistic and pragmatic approach事业编制：staffing of government affiliated institutions四有公民：citizens who have high ideals, moral integrity, a good education and a strong sense of discipline脱贫：to shake off poverty歪风邪气：unhealthy practices and evil phenomena晚婚晚育：late marriage and postponement of childbearing温饱问题：the problem of inadequate of inadequate food and clothing五好家庭：five-virtue family五讲四美三热爱：five stresses, four points of beauty and three aspects of love五讲四美运动：the movement of “five stresses and four points of beauty”: to promote civility ,courtesy, tidiness, orderliness and integrity下海：to take the plunge into private business下硬功夫：to make intensive efforts乡镇企业：township enterprise/rural enterprise小康社会：a well-off society小康生活;to lead a relatively comfortable life小商品市场：smalls fair信息高速公路：information（super）highway/info highway星火计划：Spark Program姓社姓资问题：distinction of what is socialism and what is capitalism亚运村：Asian Games Village严打：to crack down on crimes and social evils严防死守：life-and-death defense一刀切：sweeping approach/to impose uniformity on(e.g, all enterprises)/action in disregard of objective conditions一国两制：one country, two systems一切向钱看：money-mania/money-mad/to put money above anything else依法治国: to rule the country in accordance with law移风易俗：to transform outmoded habit and custom以权谋私：to abuse power for personal gains优生优育：to promote good prenatal and postnatal care/to improve prenatal and postnatal care有经济头脑的人：commercially minded people/people with business sense跃上新台阶：to reach a new high 宰人：rip-off政企分开：to separate government functions from enterprise management支农惠农政策：policies to support and benefit agriculture, rural areas and farmers治理三乱：to put to a stop/eliminate indiscriminate fines, charges and levies治理整顿：to improve the economic environment and rectify the economic order/economic improvement and rectification/economic retrenchment中央：the national leadership/the central Party and government authorities/the central government 重点贫困县：designated poverty-stricken counties重读建设：to build redundant project/duplication of similar projects抓住经济建设这个中心：to commit ourselves to the central task of economic development专业户：specialized household自负盈亏：to be responsible for one’s own profit and loss自留地：individual farm plots/private plots of land走共同致富的道路：to take the road of common prosperity遵纪守法：to observe discipline and abide by the law重要机构名称英译（一）学校各部门（大学）\校医院：university hospital保卫科：security section/office财务处：finance section/office基础部：basic training department教材科：teaching material section/office教务处：the dean’s office教研室：teaching and research room科研室：scientific research department膳食科：catering section/office外事处：foreign affairs office学生科：student affairs section/office学术委员会：academic committee研究生院：graduate school招生办公室：admission office政教处：political education section/office总务处：general affairs office（二）政党及组织九三学社：The Jiu San Society台湾民主政治同盟：The Taiwan Democratic Self-Government League政治局：Political Bureau中共中央对外联络部：International Liaison Department of the CPC Central Committee 中共中央统战部：United Front Work Department of the CPC Central Committee中国共产主义青年团：Communist Youth League of China中国国民党革命委员会：The Revolutionary Committee of the Kuomingtang中国民主促进会：China Association for Promoting Democracy中国民主建国会：China Democratic National Construction Association中国民主同盟：The China Democratic League中国农工民主党：Chinese Peasants and Workers Democratic Party中国致公党：China Zhi Gong Party中央办公厅：General Office of the Central Committee中央党校：Party School of the Central Committee; Central Party School中央顾问委员会：Advisory Commission of the Central Committee中央候补委员：Alternate Member of the Central Committee中央纪律检查委员会：Discipline Inspection Commission of the Central Committee中央军事委员会：Military Commission of the Central Committee中央绿化委员会：Greening Commission of the Central Committee中央书记处：Secretariat of the Central Committee中央政法委员会：Commission of the Politics and Law of the Central Committee中央政治局：Political Bureau of the Central Committee中央政治局常务委员会：Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee 中央组织部：Organizing Department of the Central Committee（三）国务院所属各部、委、局兵器工业部：Ministry of Ordnance Industry财政部：Ministry of Finance城乡建设环境保护部：Ministry of Urban and Rural Construction and Environmental Protection地质矿产部：Ministry of Geology and Mineral Resources电子工业部：Ministry of Electronic Industry对外经济贸易部：Ministry of Foreign Economic Relations and Trade对外贸易经济合作部：Ministry of Foreign Trade and Economic Cooperation纺织工业部：Ministry of Textile Industry工商行政管理总局：General Bureau of Industrial and Commercial Administration公安部：Ministry of Public Security广播电影电视部：Ministry of Radio, Film and Television国防部：Ministry of State Defense国防科学技术工业委员会：the Commission of Science, Technology and Industry for State Security 国家安全部：Ministry of State Security国家标准总局：State Bureau of Standardization国家测量制图局：State Bureau of Surveying and Cartography国家档案局：State Archives Bureau国家地震局：State Seismological Bureau国家发展计划委员会：State Development Planning Commission国家海洋局：State Oceanic Bureau国家计量总局：State Bureau of Metrology国家经济体制改革委员会：the State Commission for Restructuring Economic System国家经济委员会：the State Economic Commission国家民族事务委员会：the State Nationalities Affairs Commission国家商品检验局：State Commodity Inspection Commission国家水产总局：State Bureau of Aquatic Products国家税务局：State Taxation Administration国家体育运动委员会：the State Physical Culture and Sports Commission国家统计局:State Statistical Bureau国家物价局：State Bureau of Commodity Prices国家新闻出版署：State Press and Publications Bureau国内贸易部：Ministry of Internal Trade国土局：Land and Resources Bureau国土资源部：Ministry of Land and Natural Resources国务院参事室：Office of Counselors to the State Council国务院港澳办公室：Hong Kong and Macao Affairs Office under the State Council 国务院侨务办公室：Overseas Chinese Affairs under the State Council海关总署：General Administration of Customs航天工业部：Ministry of Astronautics Industry核工业部：Ministry of Nuclear Industry华侨事务委员会：Overseas Chinese Affairs Commission化学工业部：Ministry of Chemical Industry机械工业部：Ministry of Machine-Building Industry监察部：Ministry of Supervision建设部：Ministry of Construction交通部：Ministry of Communications教育部：Ministry of Education科学技术部：Ministry of Science and Technology劳动和社会保障部：Ministry of Labor and Social Security林业部：Ministry of Forestry劳动人事部：Ministry of labor and Personnel Affairs旅行游览总局：General Administration of Travel and Tourism煤炭工业部：Ministry of Coal Industry民政部：Ministry of Civil Affairs农牧渔业部：Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fishery轻工业部：Ministry of Light Industry全国供销合作总社：All-China Federation of Supply and Marketing cooperatives审计署：Auditing Administration石油工业部：Ministry of Petroleum Industry水利电力部：Ministry of Water Resources and Electric Power司法部：Ministry of Justice铁道部：Ministry of Railways外国专家局：Bureau of Foreign Experts Admission外交部：Ministry of Foreign Affairs文化部：Ministry is Culture信息产业部：Ministry of Information Technology and Telecom Induastries冶金工业部：Ministry of Metallurgocan邮电部：Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications宗教事务局：Bureau of Religious Affairs.（四）其他政府和群众组织中华全国妇女联合会：All-China Women’s Federation中华全国工商联合会：All-China Federation of Industry and Commerce中国残疾人协会：Chinese Association for Trade Unions中国红十字会：Red Cross Society of China全国人民代表大会：National people’s Congress省人民代表大会：Provincial People’s Congress地区人民代表大会：Prefectural People’s Congress市人民代表大会：C ity People’s Congress自治区人民代表大会：Autonomous Regional People’s Congress中国人民政治协商会议：Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference 最高人民法院：The Supreme People’s Court中级人民法院：Intermediate People’s Court中央法院：Central Court地方法院：Local Court人民检察院：People’s Procuratorate中国民用航空局：Civil Aviation of China中国民用航空总局：General Administration of Civil Aviation of China中国文字改革委员会：Committee for Reforming the Chinese Written Language 中国中央电视台：China Central Television Station (CCTV)中央气象局：Central Bureau of Meteorology中国人民广播电台：Central People’s Broadcasting Station中央文史研究馆：Central Research Institute of Culture and History新华社：Xinhua News Agency辞书出版社：Lexicographic Publishing House古籍出版社：Classics Press/Ancient Books Publishing House广播电视出版社：Broadcasting and Television Press人民出版社：People’s Publishing House商务印书馆：Commercial Press少年儿童出版社：Juveniles and Children’s Publishing House外文出版社：Foreign Languages Press社会科学出版社：Social Science Publishing House文艺出版社：Literature and Art Publishing House译文出版社：Translation Publishing House中国对外翻译出版公司：China Translation and Publishing Corporation .。
中国特色词汇英语
中国特色词汇英语
1. 红包 (Hongbao)：在中国传统文化中，红包是一种在特殊场合（如春节、婚礼等）赠送的装有现金的红色信封，寓意着祝福和好运。
2. 春运 (Spring Festival Travel Rush)：指在中国农历新年前后，大量民众返乡过年的大规模交通运输现象。
3. 四大发明(The Four Great Inventions)：造纸术(Papermaking), 印刷术(Printing), 火药 (Gunpowder), 指南针 (Compass)，是中国古代对世界具有很大影响的四种发明。
4. 四合院 (Siheyuan)：是中国传统的住宅建筑形式，通常由四个房屋围成一个庭院。
5. 京剧 (Beijing Opera)：中国的传统戏曲形式，以其独特的唱腔、服装和表演风格而闻名。
6. 中医 (Traditional Chinese Medicine)：基于中国传统医学理论和实践经验的医学体系，包括针灸 (Acupuncture)、推拿 (Massage) 等治疗方法。
7. 筷子 (Chopsticks)：中国传统的餐具，用于夹取食物。
8. 功夫 (Kung Fu)：又称中国武术，是中国传统的自卫技巧和体育活动。
9. 灯笼 (Lantern)：在中国传统节日和庆祝活动中经常使用的装饰物品，象征着吉祥和团圆。
10. 大熊猫 (Giant Panda)：中国特有的珍稀动物，因其可爱的外观和稀有的数量而受到全球的关注和喜爱。
以上只是一小部分具有中国特色的词汇，还有许多其他的词汇反映了中国独特的文化、历史和社会现象。
中国传统文化有关的英语词汇
中国传统文化有关的英语词汇以下是更多与中国传统文化有关的英语词汇及翻译：1. 四大发明：The Four Great Inventions- 造纸术：Paper-making- 印刷术：Printing- 火药：Gunpowder- 指南针：Compass2. 中医：Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)- 中药：Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) herbs- 针灸：Acupuncture- 推拿：Tuina3. 传统文学：Traditional Literature- 诗经：The Book of Songs- 唐诗：Tang Poetry- 宋词：Song Ci- 明清小说：Ming and Qing Novels4. 工艺美术：Arts and Crafts- 景泰蓝：Cloisonné- 刺绣：Embroidery- 陶瓷：Ceramics- 木雕：Wood Carving5. 饮食文化：Food Culture- 筷子：Chopsticks- 茶道：Tea Ceremony- 八大菜系：Eight Major Cuisines6. 传统历法：Traditional Calendar- 农历：Lunar Calendar- 二十四节气：The 24 Solar Terms7. 传统礼仪：Traditional Etiquette- 鞠躬：Bow- 抱拳礼：Fist-andPalm Salutation- 敬茶：Offering Tea8. 哲学概念：Philosophy Concepts- 和谐：Harmony- 中庸：The Doctrine of the Mean- 礼：Ritual这些词汇可以帮助你更好地理解和描述中国传统文化。
如果你对某一特定领域的传统文化词汇有具体需求，请告诉我，我将尽力提供相关词汇和翻译。
中国文化特色词语英译
中文摘要特色词汇是中国研究中相当重要的一局部。
中国特色词汇是表达中国文化中的特有事物，其中蕴藏着中国千百年文化的内涵，当中国的文化传出中国走向世界的时候，这些中国特色词汇又是怎样不失原味的被翻译成外语从而被外国人所承受的呢？本文将以中国特色词汇翻译成为例，介绍了一些中国特色词汇的被译成英语的方法，它们分别是音译、直译、意译等，通过这些方法可使大家根本了解中国特色词汇在英语交际是怎样被转换并被使用的，逐渐融合进传统英语中的，以满足人们日常生活中用英语交流的需要。
除此之外，还将浅谈中国特色词汇所对应的特别的英文词汇出现的原因之一：中西文化差异造成的词汇空缺。
并对文化差异进展细分详细阐述。
还将提出一些关于中国特色词汇在英语国家传播的前景的看法。
关键词：中国特色词汇；文化差异；翻译AbstractChineseculture-loadedwordsarebecomingincreasinglyimportantinthestudyofChinaEnglish.Chin eseculture-loadedwordsrefertotheuniquenessofChineseitems,andofcourse,containtheconn otationofChineseculture.WiththewidespreadofChineseculturetotheworld,howc antheybeunderstoodandacceptedbyforeignersaccuratelyintranslation?Thepaper,bygivingagoodnumberofexamples,introducessomemethodsoftranslatingChineseculture-loadedwords,includingtransliteration,literaltranslation,freetranslationandsoon.ThesemethodshelptounderstandhowChineseculture-loadedwordsaretransformedintoandusedinEnglish,andhowtheygraduallyintegrateintothetra ditionalEnglishandsatisfythedemandofcommunicationinEnglish.Inaddition,thepaperistoexposeindetaillexicalgapcausedbyculturaldifferencesb etweentheEastandtheWest.Furthermore,it alsoofferssomeviewsontheprospectofthespreadofChineseculture-loadedinEnglish-speakingcountries.Keywords:Chineseculture-loadedwords;culturedifferences;translation一、前言英语从它传入中国的第一天开场就发挥着强大的交流作用，同时也开场了在中国的过程。
中国特有词汇英文翻译
中国特有词汇英文翻译1、中国意念词的翻译 (Chinesenesses)八卦 trigram阴、阳 yin, yang道 Dao (cf. logo)江湖(世界) the jianghu World (the traits’ world)e.g. You can’t control everything in a traits’ world. (人在江湖，身不由己)道 Daoism(Taoism)上火 excessive internal heat儒学 Confucianism红学(《红楼梦》研究) redology世外桃源 Shangri-la or Arcadia开放 kaifang (Chinese openness to the outside world)大锅饭 getting an equal share regardless of the work done伤痕文学 scar literature or the literature of the wounded 不搞一刀切 no imposing uniformity on …合乎国情，顺乎民意 to conform with the national conditions and the will of the people乱摊派，乱收费 imposition of arbitrary quotas and service charge铁交椅 iron (lifetime) post’s; guaranteed leading post脱贫 to shake off poverty; anti-poverty治则兴，乱则衰 Order leads to prosperity and chaos to decline2 、中华民族的喜庆节日的翻译 (Chinese Festivial)国庆节 National Day中秋节 Mid-Autumn Festival春节 Spring Festival元宵节 Lantern Festival儿童节 Children’s Day端午节 Dragon Boat Festival妇女节 Women’s Day泼水节 Water-Splashing Day教师节 Teachers’ Day五四青年节 Youth Day3、中国独特的传统饮食的翻译(Unique Traditional Chinese Foods)馄饨 wonton锅贴 guotie (fried jiaozi)花卷 steamed twisted rolls套餐 set meal盒饭 box lunch; Chinese take-away米豆腐 rice tofu魔芋豆腐 konjak tofu米粉 rice noodles冰糖葫芦 a stick of sugar-coated haws (or apples,etc。
英语四级中国传统文化的单词
英语四级中国传统文化的单词
以下是英语四级中关于中国传统文化的单词：
1.Confucianism：儒家思想，强调仁、义、礼、智、信
的价值观。
2.Chinese painting：中国画，强调意境和气韵生动。
3.Chinese characters：汉字，包括象形、指事、会意、
形声四种造字法。
4.Chinese traditional music：中国传统音乐，包括民
歌、曲艺、戏曲等形式。
5.Chinese cuisine：中国菜系，包括川菜、鲁菜、粤菜、
苏菜、浙菜、闽菜、湘菜和徽菜八大菜系。
6.Chinese tea：中国茶文化，包括绿茶、红茶、乌龙茶
等不同种类的茶叶。
7.Chinese traditional medicine：中医中药，包括针
灸、推拿、拔罐等治疗方法。
8.Chinese architecture：中国传统建筑，以木结构为
主，注重与自然环境的和谐统一。
9.Chinese literature：中国文学，包括古典文学和现代
文学两大类。
10.Chinese philosophy：中国哲学，包括道家、墨家、
法家等学派的思想。
这些单词可以用于描述中国传统文化的内容和特点，帮助您更好地了解和掌握相关的英语表达方式。
中国传统文化词语如何用英语单词表达
中国传统文化词语如何用英语单词表达引言：近几年刮起的汉语热使中国传统文化在众多国外友人面前得到大大展示，接下来给大家分享一些带有中国味的词在英语中的表达吧。
1.上海大剧院 Shanghai Grand Theatre2.龙须沟 Longxu Ditch3.样板戏 model opera4.地雷战 The Mine Warfare5.贵妃醉酒 Drunkened Concubine6.霸王别姬 Farewell to My Concubine7.荒山泪 Tears of Huangshan8.群英会 Gathering of Heroes9.借东风 East Wind10.将相和 General and Premier Make Up11.杨门女将 Women General of Yang Family12.凤阳花鼓 Flower Drum Dance13.大海啊，故土 Home in the Sea14.我的中国心 My Chinese Heart15.军港之夜 Night at the Naval Port16.冬天里的一把火 Winter Fire17.十面埋伏(古曲) Ambush from All Sides18.天仙配 Goddess Marriage19.牡丹亭 Peony Pavilion20.春江花月夜 Moon and Flower in the Spring River21.琵琶记 The Story of Pipa22.醒世恒言 Lasting Words to Awaken the World23.梁祝(小提琴协奏曲) Butterfly Love24.警世通言 Ordinary Words to Warn the World25.喻世明言 Clear Words to Illustrate the World26.“三言”、“二拍” Three Volumes of Words，Two Volumes of Slapping27.拍案惊奇 Surprise Stories to Make One Slap the Desk28.红楼梦 A Dream of Red Mansion/Chamber29.水浒 Water Margin30.西游记 Journey to the West31.三国演义 Romance of the Three Kingdoms32.聊斋志异 Strange Tles from a Scholar's Studio33.长生殿 Palace of Eternal Life34.桃花扇 The Peach Blossom Fan35.儒林外史 The Scholars36.五女拜寿 Celebrating Mother's Birthday37.清明上河图 Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival38.京剧 Peking Opera39.越剧 Yue Opera40.川剧 Chuan Opera41.林家铺子 The Shop of Lin Family42.憩园(巴金作品集) Garden of Respose43.野草(鲁迅作品集) Wild Grass44.彷徨(鲁迅作品集) Wandering45.故事新编(鲁迅作品集) Old Tales Retold46.炎黄子孙 Chinese descent47.五行 five elements48.观音菩萨 Avalokitesvara49.菩萨 Boddhisattva50.寺 mosque51.道士 Taoist52.和尚 monk53.尼姑 nun54.罗汉 arhat55.财神爷 the God of Wealth56.门神 Door Gods57.玉皇大帝 the Jade Emperor58.阎王爷 King of Hell59.龙王 Dragon King60.炉火神 the Fire God61.药王 the King of Medicine62.王母娘娘 the Queen Mother of the West63.齐天大圣 the Great Sage Equalling Heaven64.佛经 Buddhist scriptures65.花果山 Mountain of Flowers and Fruits66.水帘洞 Water Curtain Cave67.美猴王 Handsome Monkey King68.七十二般变化 seventy-two different forms69.孙悟空的师父 Patriarch Subhut70.金箍棒 golden cudgel71.弼马温 the Protector of the Horses72.太白金星 Great White Pla73.巨灵神 Mighty Miracle God74.哪吒三太子 Prince Ne Zha75.蕃桃园 the Immortality Peach Garden76.瑶池 Jade Pool77.赤脚大仙 Barefoot Immortal78.二郎真君 True Lord Erlangzhenjun79.八卦炉 Eight Trigrams Furnace80.太上老君 Lord Lao Zi of the Great Monad81.灵霄宝殿 Hall of Miraculous Mist82.四大天王 Four Heavenly Kings83.五行山 Five Elements Mountain84.金 metal85.木 wood86.水 water87.火 fire88.土 earth89.托塔李天王 Heavenly King with a Pagoda in Hand90.都江堰 Dujiang Weir91.八仙 the Eight Immortals92.铁拐李 Iron Crutch Li93.汉钟离 Han Zhongli94.张果老 Zhang Guolao95.何仙姑 He Xiangu96.蓝采和 Lan Caihe97.韩湘子 Han Xiangzi98.曹国舅 Cao Guojiu99.吕洞宾 Lu Dongbin100.河伯 River Uncle101.雷公 the Thunder God102.嫦娥 Chang'e103.土地神 Local God of the Land 104.封神榜 Granting Titles to Gods 105.灶王爷 the Kitchen God。
中国文化特色词汇英文
中国文化特色词汇英文1. 春节：Spring Festival2. 元宵节：Lantern Festival3. 清明节：Tomb Sweeping Day4. 端午节：Dragon Boat Festival5. 中秋节：Mid-Autumn Festival6. 重阳节：Double Ninth Festival7. 四大发明：The Four Great Inventions of Ancient China (Papermaking, Printing, gunpowder, and the compass)8. 京剧：Beijing Opera9. 太极拳：Tai Chi10. 儒家思想：Confucianism11. 道家思想：Taoism12. 汉字：Chinese characters13. 气功：Qigong14. 中医：Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM)15. 针灸：Acupuncture16. 风水：Feng Shui17. 红包：Red envelope18. 十二生肖：Chinese Zodiac19. 剪纸：Paper cutting20. 中国结：Chinese knot21. 舞龙舞狮：Dragon and lion dance22. 年夜饭：Reunion dinner on Chinese New Year's Eve23. 红包：Lucky money in red envelopes24. 围棋：Go (a board game)25. 象棋：Chinese chess26. 旗袍：Cheongsam (a traditional Chinese dress for women)27. 唐装：Tang suit (a traditional Chinese dress for men)28. 山水画：Landscape painting29. 民间故事：Folk tales30. 神话传说：Myths and legends这些只是一部分具有中国文化特色的词汇，还有许多其他的词汇和表达方式，它们反映了中国悠久的历史、丰富的传统和独特的哲学观念。
英语翻译之中国特色词汇
1．坚持科学发展、和谐发展、和平发展Pursue development according to scientific principles, maintain harmony during development and ensure peacefuldevelopment2．全面落实科学发展观Fully apply (原为implement) the Scientific Outlook on Development3．推动经济社会发展切实转入科学发展轨道To truly put economic and social development on a scientific track4．科学发展Develop in a scientific manner5．走科学发展道路Follow a scientific path of development6．科学民主决策Make decisions scientifically and democratically7．中央The national leadership/the central Party and government authorities(原为：the central authorities)8．今年提出GDP增长8％左右的指标The target set for GDP growth this year is around 8%.9．文化体育事业进一步繁荣Continued progress was made in cultural and sports programs.10．关心支持残疾人事业的发展We will continue to show concern for and support the development of programs for physically and mentally challenged persons.11．我们要发展老龄事业We will develop old age programs. 12．经济运行中的关键问题Major problems in economic performance13．解决了三千万农村人口安全用水问题We made safe drinking water available to thirty million rural residents. (原为resolved the problem of safe drinking water to …)14．制定措施解决农民工问题Formulate policies to address difficulties rural migrant workers face in cities (原为to solve the problem of rural migrant workers in cities)15．要抓紧解决下岗职工就业问题We need to work quickly to resolve the issue of providing reemployment for laid-off workers.16．国有企业历史遗留问题The long-standing problems of SOEs17．解决群众关心的看病难问题Solve the difficulty (原为 problem) of obtaining medical service, an issue of public concern18．解决人民群众最关心、最直接、最现实的利益问题Solve the most practical problems that are of most concern to the people and most directly affect their interests19．我们必须以对国家和人民高度负责任的精神采取有力措施解决这些问题We must maintain a strong sense of responsibility to the country and people and take forceful measures (原为forceful steps) to resolve these problems.20．必须把解决”三农”问题作为全部工作的重中之中We must put resolution of issues relating to agriculture, rural areas and farmers at the very top of our work agenda.21．着力解决民生问题Every effort was made to improv e the people’s well-being.22．解决拖欠工程款和农民工资问题Resolve the problem of default on construction costs payment and unpaid wages for rural migrant workers.23. 政府自身建设存在一些问题Government efforts to enhance performance still have room for improvement.24. 存在这些问题根本在于制度不健全,监管不到位The root cause of the problems lies in institutional deficiencies and poor oversight.25. 基层民主政治建设加强Continued progress was made in democracy at the village and community level.26. 领导干部要深入基层了解群众疾苦Leading officials should visit communities (不用grassroots) to better understand (原为 find about) the problems troubling the people.27. 加强基层民主Expand democracy at village and community level28. 经济结构矛盾突出There are still serious structural problems in the economy.29. 银行资金流动性过剩问题突出The problem of excessive liquidity(原为：liquidity in banks) is serious.30. 国际收支不平衡矛盾比较突出Imbalance in international payments is fairly serious.31. 着力解决外贸顺差过大的矛盾Take measures to reduce the excessively large trade surplus (原为 to mitigate the problem of excessively large trade surplus)32. 从各方面采取措施缓解国际收支不平衡的矛盾Adopt various measures (原为in various areas) to ease imbalance in international payments33. 引发投资增长过快的因素仍然存在The factors causing overheated investment remain.34. 法定支出Legally mandated expenditure35. 政策性企业破产Policy mandated bankruptcy of enterprises36. 不少支出增长是刚性的Many increases in expenditure are fixed/mandatory.37. 积极稳妥推进企业政策性破产工作Actively yet prudently proceed with work related to policy mandated bankruptcy of enterprises38. 外贸顺差较大The foreign trade surplus has become large (原为too large, quite large).39. 中央财政2003-2006年超收较多The central government revenue exceeded targets by a fair amount for the years 2003 through 2006.40. 当前财政形势较好The current state of public finance is fairly good.41. 重点领域和关键环节改革取得新进展Further progress was made in reform in key areas and crucial links.42. 加强财政税收对经济运行的调节We improved the role of fiscal and tax measures in regulating economic activity.43. 严肃查处土地使用违法行为Took stern actions against (原为severely dealt with) violations of laws and regulations concerning land use44. 固定资产投资增幅回落The growth rate in fixed assets investment dropped (原为declined).45. 避免经济增长由偏快转为过热We worked hard to prevent rapid economic growth from becoming overheated growth.46. 这些措施进一步调动了农民种粮的积极性These steps gave farmers more incentive to produce grain.47. 加快经济结构调整Accelerate adjustment of the economic structure/system (原为accelerate economic restructuring)48. 对产能过剩行业进行重组To carry out restructuring of industries with surplus production capacity49. 淘汰煤炭行业落后产能Close down backward production facilities in the coal industry (原为eliminate backward production capacity in the coal industry)50. 关系国民经济全局的重大工程Key projects vital to China’s economy were completed. (原为 key projects bearing on the national economy were completed)51. 为增强经济增长后劲发挥重要作用Play an important role in sustaining China’s economic development52. 整顿小煤矿取得了阶段性成果Major progress was made in the current stage of our efforts to restore order in the small coalmines.53. 振兴东北工作顺利开展The work of rejuvenating Northeast China is proceeding smoothly.54. 国有经济布局调整取得新的进展Progress was made in adjusting the distribution of the state sector of the economy.55. 上市公司股权分制改革基本完成Reform of introducing shareholder structure in listed companies was basically completed.56. 规范收入分配秩序Standardize pattern of income distribution57. 整顿和规范市场秩序Improve market order (原为improve and standardize market order)58. 改革深化为经济社会发展注入了新的动The deepening of reform added fresh vitality and gave new impetus to economic and social development. 力59. 我们优先发展教育We put education high on the development agenda.60. 高等学校在校总人数达到两千三百万. The total college attendance reached 23 million.61. 这标志高等教育发展达到了一个新水平. This marks a new level in the development of higher education in China.62. 历史罕见的严重自然灾害Natural disasters of a severity seldom seen in history63. 政务、厂务、村务公开不断扩大Government, factory and village affairs were made more transparent.64. 颁布了29个行政法规Promulgated 29 sets of administrative regulations65. 实施治理商业贿赂专项行动 A campaign to combat business bribery was launched.66. 依法打击经济犯罪People guilty of economic crimes were penalized.67. 民族宗教工作进一步加强Work related to ethnic groups and religion was further improved.68. 实事求是Pursue a realistic and pragmatic approach (原为seek truth from facts)69. 解放思想Free our minds(原为：emancipate our minds)70. 政府工作中还有一些缺点和不足There are some shortcomings and inadequacies in the work of the government.71. 一二三产业比例不合理There is a lack of proper balance among primary, secondary and tertiary industries.72. 投资消费关系不协调Investment is not in keeping with consumer demand. (原为consumption demand)73. 经济增长模式粗放The pattern of economic growth is inefficient. (原为extensive)74. 政府职能转变滞后Moves to change the way the government functions are behind schedule/have not made expected progress.75. 政企不分现象仍然突出Non-separation of government administration and enterprise management remains a serious issue.76. 向人民交出满意的答卷To deliver a good report to the people77. 政府工作的基本思路是: The basic approach for the work of government is:78. 着力调整经济结构Speed up adjustment of economic structure/system (原为speed up economic restructuring)79. 努力实现国民经济又好又快发展Work hard for sound and fast development of China’s economy80. 电视覆盖从行政村向自然村延伸TV coverage extends from incorporated villages to unincorporated villages(原为：administrative villages and natural villages).81. 认真贯彻行政许可法Implement in earnest the Administrative Permit Law82. 关心中国现代化建设To care about China’s modernization83. 城市最低生活保障制度System of basic (原为minimum) cost of living allowances for urban residents84. 最低工资制度The system of minimum wages85. 加快建设法治政府We accelerated development of government by the rule of law.86. 全面推进依法行政Advance all aspects of government administration in accordance with the law87. 全面推进社会主义经济建设、政治建设、文化建设Promote all aspects of socialist economic, political and cultural development88. 调整投资与消费的关系Adjust the balance between investment and consumption89. 稳定消费预期，扩大即期消费We should ensure (不用stabilize) consumer confidence and expand immediate consumption.90. 培养旅游、休闲、健身等消费热点Develop consumption growth areas such as tourism, recreation and exercise91. 坚持区别对待Take different approaches to different situations92. 实现现代化的宏伟目标Attain the ultimate goal (原为grand goal) we have set for modernization93. 目前我们正在采取一系列措施节能(原为at present, 后去掉) We are taking steps to save energy.94. 重工业增长过快Growth in heavy industry is overheated (原为excessive).95. 监管不到位/监管不力Poor oversight96. 以更高昂的精神状态恪尽职守We must carry out our duties with greater drive (原为with an even more enthusiastic attitude).97. 降低消耗Reduce consumption of energy and resources98. 根据经济运行的新情况完善政策Improve policies in response to new developments in the operation of the economy99. 把各项政策落到实处Truly put all policies into effect100. 重点是加强宏观调控The focus of this effort is to strengthen macroeconomic regulation101. 有保有压, 不搞一刀切We should encourage growth in some sectors and discourage it in others, treating each sector according to its specific situation.102. 妥善处理内需和外需的关系Properly balance domestic demand and international demand103. 统筹考虑国内外经济发展的相互联系和影响Take into consideration the interconnectedness and mutual influence of domestic and international economic development104. 我们未能完成去年年初确定的节能目标We fell short of the targets set at the beginning of last year to reduce energy consumption.105. 国务院将每年如实向全国人大报告节能进展情况The State Council will report on the actual progress made in saving energy to the NPC annually. 106. 把节能放在更突出的位置Attach greater importance to saving energy107. 维护社会公正正义Safeguard social fairness and justice108. 使全体人民共享改革发展成果To ensure that all the people share the fruits of reform and development109. 以改革开放为动力推进各项工作Make reform and opening-up a driving force behind all work110. 坚持社会主义市场经济改革的方向We must continue in the direction of reform to deepen the socialist market economy (不是stick to the orientation of …).111. 抓好以下几个方面: We should concentrate on the following areas:112. 解决出口退税历史欠帐Resolve long-standing arrears in export tax rebates113. 放宽市场准入Relax control over market entry114. 鼓励个体经营Encourage individually operated business115. 非公有制经济Non-public economic sectors116. 市场主体产权日趋多元化The ownership of companies has become increasingly diversified.117. 两种企业所得税并存的历史条件发生的根本性变化Fundamental changes have taken place in the historical conditions justifying two corporate income tax rates.118. 统一企业所得税的时机和条件现已成熟Timing and conditions are now ripe for unifying corporate income tax rates.119. 这将使内外企业处于平等竞争地位。
中国特色词汇英语翻译
中国历史与文化秦腔Qin opera功夫Kungfu太极Tai Chi口技ventriloquism木偶戏puppet show皮影戏shadow play折子戏opera highlights杂技acrobatics相声witty dialogue comedy刺绣embroidery苏绣Suzhou embroidery泥人clay figure书法calligraphy中国画traditional Chinese painting水墨画Chinese brush painting中国结Chinese knot中国古代四大发明the four great inventions of ancient China 火药gunpowder印刷术printing造纸术paper-making指南针the compass青铜器bronze ware瓷器porcelain ; china唐三彩tri-color glazed pottery of the Tang Dynasty 景泰蓝cloisonne秋千swing武术martial art儒家思想Confucianism儒家文化Confucian culture道教Taoism墨家Mohism法家Legalism佛教Buddhism孔子Confucius孟子Mencius老子Lao Tzu庄子Chuang Tzu墨子Mo Tzu孙子Sun Tzu象形文字pictographic characters《大学》The Great Learning《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean《论语》The Analects of Confucius《孟子》The Mencius《孙子兵法》The Art of War《三国演义》Three Kingdms《西游记》Journey to the West文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）the Four Treasures of the Study ( brush ,ink Stick ,paper , and ink stone )《红楼梦》Dream of Red Mansions《水浒传》Heroes of the Marshes《山海经》The Classic of Mountains and Rivers《资治通鉴》History as a Mirror《春秋》The Spring and Autumn Annals《史记》Historical Records《诗经》The Book of Songs《易经》The I Ching; The Book of Changes《礼记》The Book of Rites《三字经》Three-character Scriptures八股文eight-part essay五言绝句five-character quatrain七言律诗seven-character octave旗袍cheongsam中山装Chinese tunic suit唐装Tang suit风水Fengshui;geomantic omen阳历Solar calendar阴历Lunar calendar闰年leap year十二生肖zodiac春节the Spring Festival元宵节the Lantern Festival清明节the Tomb Festival端午节the Dragon-boat Festival中秋节the Mid-autumn Day重阳节the Double-ninth Day七夕节the Double-seventh Day春联spring couplets庙会temple fair爆竹firecracker年画（traditional) New Year pictures压岁钱New Year gift-money舞龙dragon dance踩高跷stlit walking赛龙舟dragon boat race胡同hutong山东幕Shandong cuisine川菜Sichuan cuisine粤菜Canton cuisine扬州菜Yangzhou cuisine月饼moon cake年糕rice cake油条deep-friend dough sticks豆浆soybean milk馒头steamed buns花卷steamed twisted rolls包子steamed stuffed buns北京烤鸭Beijing roast duck拉面hand-stretched noodles馄饨wonton (dumplings in soup)豆腐tofu; bean curd麻花fried dough twist烧饼clay oven rolls皮蛋100-year egg; century egg蛋炒饭fried rice with egg糖葫芦tomatoes on sticks火锅hot pot长城the Great Wall of China烽火台beacon tower秦始皇陵the Mausoleum of Emperor Qingshihuang 兵马俑Terracotta Warriors and Horses大雁塔Big Wild Goose Pagoda丝绸之路the Silk Road敦煌莫高窟Mogao Grottoes华清池Huaqing Hot Springs五台山Wutai Mountain九华山Jiuhua Mountain峨眉山Mount Emei泰山Mount Tai黄山Mount Huangshang ; the Yellow Mountain 故宫the Imperial Palace天坛the Temple of Heaven午门Meridian Gate大运河Grand Canal护城河the Moat回音壁Echo Wall居庸关Juyongguan Pass九龙壁the Nine Dragon Wall黄帝陵the Mausoleum of Emperor Huangdi十三陵the Ming Tombs苏州园林Suzhou gardens西湖West Lake九寨沟Jiuzhaigou Valley日月潭Sun Moon Lake布达拉宫Potala Palace鼓楼drum tower四合院quadrangle；courtyard complex孔庙Confiicius Temple乐山大佛Leshan Giant Buddha十八罗汉the Eighteen Disciples of the Buddha喇嘛Lama转世灵童reincamated soul boy中药traditional Chinese medicine《皇帝内经》Emperor Huangdi’s Canon of Traditional Chinese Medicine 《神农本草经》Shennong’s Herbal Classic《本草纲目》Compendiwn of Materia Medica针灸acupuncture推拿medical massage切脉feeling the pulse五禽戏five-animal exercises旧石器时代the Paleolithic Age新石器时代the Neolithic Age;New Stone Age母系氏族社会matriarchal clan society封建的feudal朝代dynasty秦朝Qin Dynasty汉朝Han Dynasty唐朝Tang Dynasty宋朝Song Dynasty元朝Yuan Dynasty南昌起义Nanchang Uprising918事变September 18th Incident长征the Long March西安事变Xi’an Incident南京大屠杀Nanjing Massacre抗日战争the War of Resistance Against Japan毛泽东Mao Tse-tong孙中山Sun Yat-sen蒋介石Chiang Kai-shek国民党Kuomingtang中华人民共和国the People’s Republic of China满族Manchu蒙古人Mongol士大夫scholar-officials学者scholar诗人poet政治家statesman社会地位social status中国社会多元文化论cultural pluralism文化适应acculturation社会保障social security班车shuttle bus搬迁户 a relocated unit or household大龄青年single youth above the normal matrimonial age 独生子女the only child in a family单亲single parent福利彩票welfare lotteries家政服务household management service民工migrant laborers名人celebrity农村剩余劳动力surplus rural labor/laborers青春期puberty全民健身运动nationwide fitness campaign全国人口普查nationwide census社会保险social insurance暂住证temporary residence permit/card青少年犯罪juvenile delinquency性骚扰sexual harassment走私smuggling性别歧视sexual/gender discrimination年龄歧视age discrimination工作歧视job discrimination享乐主义hedonism文盲illiteracy贫富分化disparity between the rich and the poor盗版pirated/illegal copies一国两制One Country, Two Systems三个代表the Three Represents Theory两会（人大，政协）Two Conferences(NPC and CPPCC)南南合作South-South Cooperation南北对话North-South Dialog人大常委会People’s Congress Standing Committ ee法制观念awareness of law法制国家 a country with an adequate legal system改革开放reform and opening-up公务员civil servants官僚主义作风the bureaucratic style of work和谐并存harmonious coexistence计划生育family planning计划生育基本国策the basic state policy of family planning精神文明建设the construction of spiritual civilization居委会neighborhood committee科教兴国national rejuvenation through science and education 可持续发展sustainable development廉洁高效honesty and high efficiency两岸关系cross-straits relations两岸谈判cross-straits negotiations领土完整territorial integrity民族精神national spirit普选制general election system求同存异seek common ground while shelving differences人大代表NPC member物质文明和精神文明material and spiritual civilization小康社会 a well-off society小康水品 a well-off standard一个中国原则the one-China principle与时俱进keep pace with the times综合国力overall national strength共同愿望common desire“走出去”战略going global不结盟non-alignment单边主义unilateralism多边政策multilateralism多极世界multipolar word人口老龄化aging of population人口出生率birth date社区服务community service道德法庭count of ethics盗用公款embezzlement成人夜校night school for adults在职进修班on-job training courses政治思想教育political and ideological education充电update one’s knowledge初等教育elementary education大学城college town大学社区college community高等教育higher education高等教育“211工程”the “211 Project” for higher education高等学府institution of higher education综合性大学comprehensive university文科院校colleges of(liberal) arts理工科大学college/university of science and engineering师范学院teachers college; normal college高分低能high scores and low abilities高考(university/college) entrance examination高校扩招the college expansion plan教育界education circle教育投入input in education九年义务教育nine-year compulsory education考研take an entrance exams for postgraduate schools课外活动extracurricular activities必修课required/compulsory course选修课elective/optional course基础课basic courses专业课specialized courses课程表school schedule教学大纲teaching program; syllabus学习年限period of schooling学分credit启发式教学heuristic人才交流talent exchange人才战competition for talented people商务英语证书Business English Certificate(BEC)适龄儿童入学率enrollment rate for children of school age升学率proportion of students entering schools of a higher grade; enrollment rate 硕博连读 a continuous academic project that involves postgraduate and doctoral study 素质教育quality-oriented education填鸭式教学cramming method of teaching希望工程Project Hope走读生extern ;non-resident student住宿生boarder研究生graduate student; post-graduate(student)应届毕业生graduating student; current year’s student毕业分配生graduate placement; assignment of graduate校园数字化campus digitalization校园文化campus culture学汉语热enthusiasm in learning Chinese学历教育education with record of formal schooling学龄儿童school-ager学前教育preschool education学生减负alleviate the burden on students应试教育exam-oriented education职业道德work ethics; professional ethics记者招待会press conference国家教委State Education Commission国家统计局State Statistical Bureau职业培训job training职业文盲functional illiterate智力引进recruit/introduce( foreign) talents智商intelligence quotient( IQ)助学行动activity to assist the impoverished students网络世界cyber world网络文化cyber culture网络犯罪cyber crime网上购物online shopping高产优质high yield and high quality高科技园high-tech park工业园区industrial park火炬计划Torch Program (a plan to develop new and high technology) 信息港info port信息革命information revolution电子货币e-currency人工智能artificial intelligence( AI)生物技术bio-technology克隆cloning基因工程genetic engineering转基因食品genetically modified food( GM food)试管婴儿test-tube baby基因突变genetic mutation网络出版e-publishing三维电影three-dimensional movie光谷optical valley虚拟银行virtual bank信息化informationization信息高速公路information superhighway新兴学科new branch of science; emerging discipline纳米nanometer个人数字助理personal digital assistant( PDA)生态农业environment-friendly agriculture技术密集产品technology-intensive product数码科技digital technology同步卫星geostationary satellite神舟五号载人飞船manned spacecraft Shenzhou Ⅴ风云二号气象卫星Fengyun Ⅱmeteorological satellite登月舱lunar module多任务小卫星small multi-mission satellite( SMMS)多媒体短信服务Multimedia Messaging Service( MMS)电子商务e-business; e-commerce电子管理e-management办公自动化Office Automation( OA)信息高地information highland信息检索information retrieval电话会议teleconference无土栽培soilless cultivation超级杂交水稻super-hybrid rice科技发展scientific and technological advancement重点项目key project国家重点工程national key project南水北调South-to-North water diversion西电东送West-East electricity transmission project西气东输West-East natural gas transmission project网络造谣fabricating online rumors恶意侵害他人名誉maliciously harming the reputation of others 停止服务closure/shutdown of service公司歇业closure of business道路封闭road closure人为操作差错man-made operational mistakes生态系统ecosystem森林生态系统forest ecosystem海洋生态系统manne ecosystem垄断价格to monopolize the price垄断市场to monopolize/forestall/captive/corner the market 限购私用汽车to curb the purchase of vehicles for private use 汽车限购vehicle purchase restriction汽车配买配额vehicle purchase quotas车牌摇号 a lottery for license plates牌照单双号限odd-even license plate system黑名单制度 a blacklist system执业医师practicing physician; licensed doctors二代身份证2nd-generation ID cards防伪技术anti-forgery technology非法交易illegal transaction冒名顶替identification fraud洗钱money laundering挂失to report the loss补办to re-apply/post-register户籍household registration居住证residence permit山洪暴发flash floods水位water level低洼地区low-lying areas淹没农田to inundate crops大桥垮塌bridge collapse最严重受灾地区worst-hit/worst-stricken area直接经济损失direct economic loss应急系统emergency response system闯红灯running red light遮挡、污损号牌blocking or defacing license plate扣分处罚point penalty酒驾drunk driving终身禁驾lifetime ban from driving中国经济总需求aggregate demand总供给aggregate supply企业文化corporate/entrepreneurial culture企业形象corporate image(CI); enterprise image跨国公司cross-national corporation创业精神enterprising spirit; pioneering spirit外资企业foreign-funded enterprise猎头公司head-hunter假日经济holiday economy人力资本human capital航空和航天工业aerospace industry飞机制造工业aircraft industry汽车制造工业car industry电子工业electronic industry娱乐业entertainment industry信息产业information industry知识密集型产品knowledge-intensive industry国有大中型企业large and medium-sized state-owned enterprises 轻工业light industry博彩业lottery industry制造业manufacturing industry垄断行业monopoly industry市场多元化market economy市场经济market supervision市场监督market supervision购买力purchasing power熊市bear market牛市bull market城镇化urbanization房地产real estate首付down-payment业主home owner个人购房贷款individual housing loan经济全球化economic globalization经济特区special economic zones（SEZ)经济增长economic growth泡沫经济bubble economy关税tariff纳税人tax payer宏观经济macro economy货币投放量the size of money supply流动性过剩excess liquidity经济过热overheated economy通货膨胀inflation抑制通货膨胀curb inflation注入流动性to inject liquidity贴现率discount rate存款准备金率reserve requirement ratio公开市场业务open market operation逆回购reverse repurchase agreement引导降低市场借贷成本to guide the market borrowing costs to a lower level 稳健的货币政策prudent monetary policy硬着陆hard landing软着陆soft landing二十国集团Group of Twenty财政部长Finance Minister全年预期经济增长目标the expected growth target for the whole year经济活力economy vitality大规模刺激计划a massive economic stimulus package结构改革structural reform硬资产hard assets软资产soft assets有形资产tangible assets经济走廊economic corridor整顿市场秩序to rectify the market order反垄断antitrust; anti-monopoly定价浮动price fluctuations谋求利益最大化to maximize profit债务审计audit of debt地方性政府债务local government debt/liability公共财政体制改革an overhaul of the public finance system债务管理debt management信用支持credit support。
中国菜名万能翻译法
翻成 Tofu made by woman with freckles (一脸雀斑女人做 的豆腐)，光看名字就一身鸡皮疙瘩啊，应该直接
音译成Mapo Tofu当然，我们不是机器，可能无法将所有 菜谱的官方译法烂熟于心。不用担心，已经有人发明了 一个固定的公式，即： 菜肴
的主要成分 + with + 口味 + flavour举个例子：鱼香肉丝： Pork Shreds (成分：肉丝)with Fishy
(口味：鱼的) Flavor醋溜土豆： Potato (成分：土豆)with Vinegar(口味：醋的) Flavour糖醋里脊：
Pork (成分：猪肉)with Sugar Vinegar(口味：糖醋) Flavour 有人也许要问，那如果是咸的口味，是不是就
写成 with salt flavour？并非如此，因为我们中华民族很喜 欢食盐，烧菜必放盐，几乎每道菜都会带点咸味，于是 with s
alt flavour，就可以省略啦！如果你也有和外国人就餐的 经历，不妨套用上面的公式：菜肴的主要成分 + with + 口 味+
flavour，为他们介绍一下美味的菜肴吧！
谢谢阅读！
深圳同声传译公司 狮子脑袋)此这么吓人的名字和译法会不 会吓退就餐者呢？那么怎样的翻译才是合适的呢？四喜 丸子：Brais
ed Pork Balls in Gravy Sauce木须肉：Muxu Pork(Sauteed Sliced Pork, Egg
s and Black Fungus)红烧狮子头：Braised Pork Balls in Brown Sauce还有麻婆豆腐不能
中国的饮食文化名扬四海，菜名更是五花八门，这么丰 富的饮食文化自然吸引着全球人的关注，但是中国菜名 翻译成英文外国人还看得明白吗？一起来
英语四级翻译中的中国特色词汇
英语四级翻译中的中国特色词汇一、中国朝代的那些事儿中华文明Chinese civilization文明摇篮cradle of civilization华夏祖先the Chinese ancestors秦始皇帝First Emperor, Emperor Chin皇太后Empress Dowager汉高祖刘邦founder of the Han Dynasty (206BC-220AD) 成吉思汗Genghis Khan ; Temujin夏朝Xia Dynasty明清两代(of) Ming and Qing dynasties朝廷使者royal court envoy二、中国那些易错的地名四川Sichuan, Szechwan, Szechuan陝西Shaanxi这两个地名是经常弄错的呦，而且写法也不同于拼音哦，请注意！三、四大发明的英文说法四大发明the four great inventions of ancient China火药gunpowder印刷术printing造纸术paper-making指南针the compass四、汉语的那些秘密小编啰嗦一句：汉语是世界上最美的文字，没有之一汉字Chinese character单音节single syllable汉语四声调the four tones of Chinese characters阴平level tone阳平rising tone上声falling-rising tone去声falling tone五言绝句five-character quatrain七言律诗seven-character octave八股文eight-part essay; stereotyped writing五、课本中的四书五经你忘了嘛？四书五经The Four Books and The Five Classics 1、四书the Four Books《大学》The Great Learning《中庸》The Doctrine of the Mean《论语》The Analects of Confucius《孟子》The Mencius/The Works of Mencius 2、五经The Five Classics《春秋》the Spring and Autumn Annals《诗经》The Books of Songs;The Book of Odes 《易经》I Ching; The Book of Changes《礼记》The Book of Rites 《尚书》The Books of History。
中国特色的英语表达,可以流利的告诉老外
1.元宵节：Lantern Festival2.刺绣：embroidery3.重阳节：Double-Ninth Festival4.清明节：Tomb sweeping day5.剪纸：Paper Cutting6.书法：Calligraphy7.对联：(Spring Festival) Couplets8.象形文字：Pictograms/Pictographic Characters9.人才流动：Brain Drain/Brain Flow10.四合院：Siheyuan/Quadrangle11.战国：Warring States12.风水：Fengshui/Geomantic Omen13.铁饭碗：Iron Bowl14.函授部：The Correspondence Department15.集体舞：Group Dance16.黄土高原：Loess Plateau17.红白喜事：Weddings and Funerals18.中秋节：Mid-Autumn Day19.结婚证：Marriage Certificate20.儒家文化：Confucian Culture21.附属学校：Affiliated school22.古装片：Costume Drama23.武打片：Chinese Swordplay Movie24.元宵：Tangyuan/Sweet Rice Dumpling (Soup)25.一国两制：One Country, Two Systems26.火锅：Hot Pot27.四人帮：Gang of Four28.《诗经》：The Book of Songs29.素质教育：Essential-qualities-oriented Education30.《史记》：Historical Records/Records of the Grand Historian31.大跃进：Great Leap Forward (Movement)32.《西游记》：The Journey to the West33.除夕：Chinese New Year’s Eve/Eve of the Spring Festival34.针灸：Acupuncture35.唐三彩：Tri-color Pottery of the Tang Dynasty/The Tang Tri-colored pottery36.中国特色的社会主义：Chinese-charactered Socialist/Socialist with Chinesecharacteristics37.偏旁：radical38.孟子：Mencius39.亭/阁：Pavilion/ Attic40.大中型国有企业：Large and Medium-sized State-owned Enterprises41.火药：gunpowder42.农历：Lunar Calendar43.印/玺：Seal/Stamp44.物质精神文明建设：The Construction of Material Civilization and SpiritualCivilization45.京剧：Beijing Opera/Peking Opera46.秦腔：Crying of Qin People/Qin Opera47.太极拳：Tai Chi48.独生子女证：The Certificate of One-child49.天坛：Altar of Heaven in Beijing50.小吃摊：Snack Bar/Snack Stand51.红双喜：Double Happiness52.政治辅导员：Political Counselor/School Counselor53.春卷：Spring Roll(s)54.莲藕：Lotus Root55.追星族：Star Struck56.故宫博物院：The Palace Museum57.相声：Cross-talk/Comic Dialogue58.下岗：Lay off/Laid off59.北京烤鸭：Beijing Roast Duck60.高等自学考试：Self-taught Examination of Higher Education61.烟花爆竹：fireworks and firecracker62.敦煌莫高窟：Mogao Caves63.电视小品：TV Sketch/TV Skit64.香港澳门同胞：Compatriots from Hong Kong and Macao65.文化大革命：Cultural Revolution66.长江中下游地区：The Mid-low Reaches of Yangtze River67.门当户对：Perfect Match/Exact Match68.《水浒》：Water Margin/Outlaws of the Marsh69.中外合资企业：Joint Ventures70.文房四宝（笔墨纸砚）："The Four Treasure of the Study" "Brush, Inkstick, Paper,and Inkstone",。
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怎样把中国的这些特色词汇翻译成英文让外国人懂中文摘要中国特色词汇是中国英语研究中相当重要的一部分。
中国特色词汇是表达中国文化中的特有事物，其中蕴藏着中国千百年文化的内涵，当中国的文化传出中国走向世界的时候，这些中国特色词汇又是怎样不失原味的被翻译成外语从而被外国人所接受的呢？本文将以中国特色词汇翻译成英文为例，介绍了一些中国特色词汇的被译成英语的方法，它们分别是音译、直译、意译等，通过这些方法可使大家基本了解中国特色词汇在英语交际是怎样被转换并被使用的，逐渐融合进传统英语中的，以满足人们日常生活中用英语交流的需要。
除此之外，还将浅谈中国特色词汇所对应的特别的英文词汇出现的原因之一：中西文化差异造成的词汇空缺。
并对文化差异进行细分详细阐述。
还将提出一些关于中国特色词汇在英语国家传播的前景的看法。
关键词：中国特色词汇；文化差异；翻译Chinese Culture-loaded Words and TranslationAbstractChinese culture-loaded words are becoming increasingly important in the study of China English. Chinese culture-loaded words refer to the uniqueness of Chinese items, and of course, contain the connotation of Chinese culture. With the wide spread of Chinese culture to the world, how can they be understood and accepted by foreigners accurately in translation? The paper, by giving a good number of examples, introduces some methods of translating Chinese culture-loaded words, including transliteration, literal translation, free translation and so on. These methods help to understand how Chinese culture-loaded words are transformed into and used in English, and how they gradually integrate into the traditional English and satisfy the demand of communication in English. In addition, the paper is to expose in detail lexical gap caused by cultural differences between the East and the West. Furthermore, it also offers some views on the prospect of the spread of Chinese culture-loaded in English-speaking countries.Key words: Chinese culture-loaded words; culture differences; translation一、前言英语从它传入中国的第一天开始就发挥着强大的交流作用，同时也开始了在中国发展的过程。
而当中国改革开放，政治，经济，科学技术，社会生活等诸方面发生急剧变化的时候，一批又一批新词新语也应运而生，其数量的成长速度之快令人应接不暇。
于是在国际英语交流过程中，表现了中华文化中最有个性的内容的，具有浓郁的中国特色的词汇，在西方语言中是没有现成可以对应的词语，这就产生了对应空缺的现象，成为跨文化交际的重要障碍。
此时，研究应如何解决这个障碍，为中国文化更好的传播铺平道路显得尤为重要。
本文将对上述的一些问题进行阐述。
二、中国词汇的特点世界上的文字体系大致可以归属三类：表形文字（图画文字），表音文字（音意结合文字），表意文字（拼音文字）[1](25) 。
汉字，属于表意文字，它与世界大多数民族使用的拼音文字是有显著的差别。
它的字形结构与表意作用有着紧密的关系。
汉字的这一特点当然是由汉语的本身特点所决定的。
古代汉语中单音节词占优势，同音词多，又缺乏形态变化，加上方言分歧严重，而表意性质的汉字正可适应这些特点而满足交际的需要。
于是这种文字本身就成为中国文化的一大特色[2](362)。
那么汉语的词又是怎样造出来的呢？“汉语的字和词是分开的。
汉语的字是有限的，虽然人们还在造新字，但是这是极为有限的。
而汉语新词构造却是无限的。
”“汉字的词形较为固定，不像英语那样可以变化多端。
现代汉语与英语相似，采用合成法来扩充词汇，汉语的字、词拼组新词的时能力及强。
”相比之下“英语的字与词是不分的，或者说没有字，只有词。
英语虽然有自由词根（free-bound），但数量有限”就是因为汉字多体现其（形）意，所以“汉语词义比较窄，较为精确、固定、比较严谨，因而词义的伸缩性和上下文的依赖性就比较小，独立性就较大。
”[1](26)就因为中国词汇具有以上的特点，在双语转换的过程中就会出现词汇空缺的现象，而这些特点的形成与其所在的文化背景是分不开的。
三、中国特色词汇翻译的难点及成因即文化差异所造成的词汇空缺语言是在历史长河的发展中形成的，语言是文化的载体，文化是语言的土壤。
文化的真正意义对于本文化群体来说那是再熟悉不过的东西了，但是对于不同文化的群体，则是非常陌生的。
不同的文化造就了不同的语言群体，于是，当不同语言群体在相互交流的过程中就产生了词汇空缺，即无法在非本族语言的范围内寻找到能够表达其意思的相对应的词汇，而这些文化的差异主要表现在信仰，艺术，道德，法律，风俗以及其余社会上习得的能力与习惯上（一）、传统积淀历史文化因素造成词汇空缺现象中国是具有悠久历史的东方文明古国，其传统的文化思想自然反应到语言上。
传统的固然在人们的脑中是根深蒂固的，就像这个“龙”字，在华夏文化中，“龙”字是传说中的神异动物之一，与凤凰、麒麟、龟合称“四灵”。
除这个字义外，它还被视为中华民族的象征，形成一种中华文化图腾，现在称炎黄子孙为“龙的传人”，可见其影响之大。
后世的很多皇帝就“龙”这个事物作为权威的象征，如坐龙椅，褂龙袍，睡龙床等等。
然而在西方国家，“龙”（dragon）是凶险的，“因为在英语的历史上从贝尔沃夫时代起，龙就是凶险邪恶的象征，是吐火伤人的怪物。
”[1](277)这是传统积淀造成的人们对同一事物的不同理解，其进一步的发展就造成了词汇空缺。
再如“中秋节”Mid-Autumn Day;“泼水节”Wat er-Splashing Day等，这些都是中国传统佳节，是中国优良文化的积淀，悠久历史传承至今的瑰宝，这些传统文化佳节现在已经不仅仅是被中国人所专有，它们也在一些喜欢中国文化的外国人中流行起来。
而欧美信仰的是基督教，所以有不少词汇包括他们的节日都与《圣经》和基督教有关，如a covenant of salt(不可背弃的盟约)，as poor as a church mouse(家徒四壁)；较之，汉族文化的重要组成部分与佛教和道教是分不开的，如：苦海无边，回头是岸，佛法无边。
再有一些如“武术” wu shu ,“功夫” kung fu，“扭秧歌”yang ko,这些民间的特色文化，在中国还未对外开放，这些对西方人来说都是闻所未闻的，这些都反映了这两种不同的历史文化所造成的词汇空缺。
（二）、地域文化的差异造成的词汇空缺地域文化差异指的是一个民族所处的地理位置、自然条件和生态环境等不同所形成的文化差异。
语言的产生与人们的劳动和生活有很大的关系，中国英语中大量的成语、典故、俚语、俗语、格言、谚语等都带有浓烈的汉名族特色和地域色彩。
汉民族是生活在亚洲大陆上，人们的生活离不开土地。
而英国是一个岛国，航海业一直很发达。
两者的不同就出现了汉语文化中很多词汇与土地有关，而在英语词汇中很多都与海有关；例如，汉语用“土崩瓦解”形容彻底崩溃，无法收拾，而英文用“get into hot water”表示陷于困境。
“烂醉如泥”英文用drunk as a sailor,这里不用泥，而用的是水手[3]。
此外，地域的差异影响到的气象变化进而还会影响到农牧业，这方面的不同是造成中英无对应词汇的另一个因素。
不列颠岛西北山区潮湿多雨，其后属湿润型，在树林里适合生长蘑菇，而中国地处东南亚，幅员辽阔，各地的其后差别也是相当大的，于是汉语中用来比喻新事物迅速大量地涌现出来的成语“雨后春笋”被译成英文时就为spring up like mushrooms or to mushroom up。
（三）、习俗文化的差异造成的词汇空缺英汉风俗习惯的差异体现在许多方面，如饮食，婚嫁，节气，对色彩的偏爱，亲属关系等等。
这些差异也常常使语言间出现相对的词汇空缺现象。
比如，在中国，人们喜欢在喜庆的节日里用红色来装扮，认为红色代表着吉祥好运，新人在结婚的时候都喜欢穿着红色的衣服；而在西方国家里它们则认为红色代表着暴力与血腥，新人们在婚礼时则以白色来代表它们纯洁无瑕的爱情，但在中国，白色却时常表示不幸[4]。
所以英语中的吉日不是中国人所想象的a red day正确的应该是a white day。
而汉语中所说的红人则不可以翻译成a red-haired girl,其正确的译法应该是a white headed boy. 再来看看在对待动物的态度上，英民族喜爱宠物，狗是他们最喜爱的宠物之一，他们认为狗很忠诚。
而狗在汉文化中却是一种卑微的动物，它被人看作是“低贱”的代名词。
所以与狗有关的词语大多含有贬义，如：“狗胆包天”“狗仗人势”“狗腿子”“狗头军师” “狗急跳墙”；但英文中，有关狗的词语大多没有贬义，如：“居于高位” be top dog；“幸运儿” a lucky dog。
再如，中国古时候女子要以三寸金莲为美，于是就有女子“裹足”bound feet: a vile feudal practice which cri ppled women both physically and spiritually, 以及“童养媳”child wife: girl raised from childhood to be wife of son of family.还有一些反映中国居住习惯的词如“炕” kang: a heatable brick bed等等。