天津初一英语(下册)知识点总汇

初一英语下册知识点总汇

◆Unit 1.Where’s the post office?

目标语言：ask for and give directions on the street

重点句型：Is there a bank near here? Yes, there’s a bank on Center Street.

Is there a supermarket? Yes, there is. No, there isn’t.

Where’s the sup er market? It’s next to the library.

The pay phone is across from the library.

The pay phone is next to the library.

The pay phone is between the post office and the library.

The pay phone is on Green Street.

Just go straight and turn left.

It’s down Bridge Street on the right. It’s next to a supermarket.

Is there a big supermarket near where you live?

重点词组：across from, on the street, between…and…, next to, in the neighborhood, go straigh t, turn left, on the right(left), on the avenue, take a walk, in the hotel, the beginning of, have fun doing, on a bench, the way to, take a taxi, go down, go through, have a good trip,welcome to+n.，the way to+n去。。。的路，hope to do

知识点：

1．there be 句型

（1）there be 句型常用来表示某地/某时有某物/某人。

（2）各种句型结构：

肯定句：There＋be （is/are）＋某物/某人＋地点/时间。

否定句：There＋be（is/are）＋not＋某物/某人＋地点/时间。

一般疑问句：Be（Is/Are）＋there＋某物/某人＋地点/时间？

特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词＋be（is/are）＋there＋其它？

e.g. There is a pencil on the desk. 桌子上有一支铅笔。

否定句：There isn't a pencil on the desk. 桌子上没有铅笔。

一般疑问句：Is there a pencil on the desk? 桌子上有铅笔吗？

特殊疑问句（划线部分提问）：What's on the desk? 桌子上有什么？

注意：

There be后面所接的某物有多个时，谓语动词be要根据最靠近它的那个名词的单复数来确定，即就近原则。

e.g. There is a pen, a pencil-box and some books on my desk.

我的桌子上有一支钢笔，一个铅笔盒和一些书。

There are some books, a pen and a pencil-box on my desk.

2．Where引导的特殊疑问句

句式：Where +一般疑问句？

用法：表示“在哪儿”，提问地点，方位等。

1)询问来自何处

-Where are you from?

-I am from England.

2) 询问去何处

-Where are you going?

- I am going to the zoo.

3) 询问物品位置

-Where are my shoes?

-They are under your bed.

4) 询问某人位置

-Where is Tom?

-Look! He is in the tall tree.

【注意】1和不熟悉的英美人见面打招呼时，不能问Where are you going?因为这涉及到对方的隐私。否则，对方有可能说“It’s none of your business.”这不管你的事。

2．在英语中，询问某人地址在哪，用What’s your address?

3. 在回答某人，某物所处的位置时，一定要用准表示方位的介词。如at,in,on,next to, near等。

3．本单元的方位介词

across from在。。。对面

next to 紧挨着

between …and在。。。与。。。之间

on 在。。。。上

in 在。。。。里

4.词语辨析across & through

Across 和through两个介词都有“穿过”的意思，用法却不同。Across的含义与on有关，表示动作在某一物体的表面进行，常指从宽度意思上讲的“横穿/跨”。Through的含义in有关，表示动作在某物体的空间进行。

Arrive in& arrive at

Arrive at表示到达较小的地方；arrive in表示到达较大的地方。

5．Let sb.(宾格)do sth.让某人做某事。Let后面的动词要用动词原形。

6．问路的句式小结：

1）“特殊疑问句”类句型

a)Excuse me. Where is the …,please?

b)Excuse me. Which is the way to the…,please?

c)Excuse me. How can I get to the…, please?

2)“一般疑问句”类句型

a)Could/Can you tell me how I can get to the…?

b)Could /Can you tell me the way to the…?

c)Could/Can you tell me how to get to the…,please?

d)Could /Can you tell me which is the way to the…?

e)Excuse me. Is this the right way to the…?

f)Excuse me. Do you know the way to the…?

◆unit 2 Why do you like koala bears?

目标语言：Describe animals; express preferences

重点句型：Let’s see the lions.

Why do you want to see the lions? Because they are cute.

Why does he like koala bears? Because they are kind of interesting.

Where are lions from? They are from Africa.

What animals do you like? I like elephants.

What other animals do you like? I like dogs, too.

重点词组：want to do sth.想要做某事，kind of有点儿，be from=come from来自，…years old。。。岁，play with与。。。一起玩，at night在夜里，在晚上，get up起床，every day每天，look at 看,give sb. sth=give sth. to sb.把某物给某人，be friendly to sb对某人友好（强调对某人的态度）be friendly with sb和某人友好（强调和某人的关系）in a friendly way以友好的方式，go to sleep就寝，入睡get to sleep入睡（由于某种原因睡不着，想方设法入睡）fall asleep入睡（入睡的状态）go to bed上床睡觉（不一定睡着）

知识点：

1．why ,what, where引导的特殊疑问句及其回答

1）句型结构：Why/What/Where+一般疑问句？

2）语法功能：why用来询问原因，what一般用来对物提问，另外what还用来对职业提问，如，What is he?他是做什么的？，where对地点提问。

2．kind的用法

kind of有点，稍微；a kind of一种；kinds of各种

kind 作形容词，为“善良的，好心的”She is a kind woman.她是个善良的女人。

3．Other作形容词时，为“其他的，另外的”，用做定语。后接不可数名词或可数名词复数形式。

4．年龄的表达方式

He is 12 years old.

He is 12.

His age is 12.

5. Isn’t he cute?此句为否定疑问句，表达一种赞赏，往往不需要对方回答，句末用降调。如，Is n’t the film very interesting?难道这部电影不是很有趣吗？

Doesn’t he like watching TV?难道他不喜欢看电视吗？

【注意】在回答这种否定疑问句时，和汉语的习惯不同。如果是肯定回答，用yes开头，如果是否定回答，用no开头。但是翻译成汉语时，yes或no要按其反意翻译。如，Doesn’t he want to go there? Yes, he does.难道他不想去那里吗？不，他想去。

6.during在…期间，在某段时间，如I like traveling during summer holidays. 我喜欢在暑假旅游。

7.at night & in the night

at night意为“在夜里”“在晚上”“天黑时”，指在一天的部分时间，常常是下午6时至午夜这一段时间；

in the night指“在夜里”指从天黑到天明这一整段时间。

8.also位于句中；either位于句尾，用于否定句；too也表示“也”，一般位于句尾。