高中英语之状语从句讲义(无答案)

状语从句

状语从句在句子中可修饰谓语、形容词或是整个句子，它可以用来表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、条件、方式、比较、让步等。

一、时间状语从句

可由when, as, while, after, before, till(until), since, by the time, once, as soon as, the moment引导

When I came into the office, the teachers were having a meeting.

He started as soon as he received the news.

Once you see him, you will never forget him.

注意：not…until的用法和强调句结构。如：

I didn’t realize that I had left my key in the office until I arrived home.

It was not until I arrived home that I realized that I had left my key in the office.

在hardly/scarcely…when… , no sooner…than…句式中，把hardly/scarcely/no sooner置于句首时，第一个分句采用部分倒装语序。第一个分句用过去完成时，第二个分句用一般过去时

Hardly had he sat down when there was a knock at the door.

No sooner had I gone to bed than I went to sleep.

二、原因状语从句

原因状语从句时表示原因或理由的，引导这类从句的最常用的是because, since, as, now that等，for表示因果关系时为并列连词，常位于句尾，其前有逗号，语气最弱。

He is disappointed because he didn’t get the position.

As it is raining, I will not go out.

Now that you mention it, I do remember.

It rained yesterday, for the ground is wet.

三、地点状语从句

通常由连词where和wherever引导。表示抽象条件的含义时，从句须放在主句之前，如：

We should go where the Party needs us most.

You are free to go wherever you like.

Wherever you go, whatever you do, I will be right here waiting for you.

Where there is a will, there is a way.

【注意】注意区分where引导的定语从句与状语从句。

You’d better make a mark where you have any question.

You’d better make a mark at the place where you have any question.

四、目的状语从句

通常由that, so that, in order that, so…that, lest, in case（以防、免得）等引导：

1. in order that 和so that.

两者都表示“为了”。他们引导的状语从句中常用情态动词。in order that 比so that 正式，引导的状语从句可置于主句之前或之后，而so that 引导的从句只能置于主句之后。

I’ll speak slowly so that you can understand me.

In order that we might see the sunrise, we started for the peak early.

2. for fear that与in case

引导目的状语时，for fear that 表示“担心/害怕发生某事”；in case 表示“ 以防”发生。

Mary didn’t want to get out of bed for fear that she might wake her baby (up).

Take your raincoat in case it should rain.

目的状语从句中谓语动词常含有may (might), can (could) should, will等情态动词。lest (以免，免得), for fear that（害怕/担心发生某事）

I hid the book lest (=for fear that) he should see it.

五、结果状语从句

由that, so that, so…that, such…that引导：

so+ adj/ adv+ that从句such+a/an+adj+可数名词单数+that从句

so+ adj+a/an+可数名词单数+that从句such+ adj+可数名词复数/不可数名词+ that从句

so+ many/much/few/little(少)+n.+that从句such+ a lot of/lots of+ n.+ that从句

He earned so little money that he couldn’t support his family.

Mike is such an honest worker (= so honest a worker) that we all believe him.

He made such an excellent speech that every one admired him.

用so或such 填空

1. It is not surprising that _______little worms eat _____ little grain.

2. He is _____ handsome a boy that I like him so much.

*So that既可以引导目的状语从句又可以引导结果状语从句。那么他们的区别是什么？

so that 从句前有无“，”有为_______,反之则为________;若无“，”则根据句中是否有情态动词来判断。带情的是_______,不带的是_______。