语法填空常用词词性转换及派生
01 高考英语语法填空：高频转化词 (1)
高考英语语法填空高频词词性转换及派生（1）第一部分词汇变形转化表高考英语语法填空常用词性转换词义动词v.名词n.形容词adj.反义词其他派生词使能够enable ability/disability able disable disabled/unable 不正常的abnormal normal缺席absence absent学术的academy academic加速accelerate acceleration接受accept acceptance acceptable unacceptable接进access access accessible住宿accommodate accommodation积累accumulate accumulation陪伴accompany company精确的accuracy accurate inaccurate达到，获得achieve achievement achievable获得，习得acquire acquisition表演，行动act action/act/activity active inactive actual/actually适应，改编adapt adaptation增加，add addition additional 足够adequacy adequate 调整/使适应adjust adjustment敬佩admire admiration admirable 承认admit admission收养，采纳adopt adoption adopted前进advance advance advanced好处advantage disadvantage事故accident accidentally 使上瘾addict addition addicted/addictive addict做广告advertise advertisement advertiser影响,打动affect effect机构agent agency侵略，侵犯aggression aggressive aggressor农业agriculture agricultural同意agree agreement agreeable disagree disagreement 分配allocate allocation允许allow allowance allowable使吃惊amaze amazement amazing/amazed抱负ambition ambitious逗乐、娱乐amuse amusement amusing/amused分析analyze analysis生气anger angry通知announce announcement使烦恼annoy annoyance annoying/annoyed期望anticipate anticipation焦虑，焦急anxiety anxious anxiously鼓掌applaud applause约定appoint appointment道歉apologize apology出现appear appearance disappear disappearance 申请apply applicant application欣赏appreciate appreciation appreciable靠近，方法approach approach approachable批准；认可approve approval disapproval争吵，争论argue argument arguable安排arrange arrangement到达arrive arrival评估，评价assess assessment帮助assist assistant/assistanc e联系associate association 假定，假设assume assumption 确保assure assurance使惊讶astonish astonishment astonishing(ed)运动员athlete athletic原子atom atomic附上，依恋attach attachment吸引attract attraction attractive unattractive attractively知道的awareness aware unaware烤bake bakery平衡balance balance balanced以…为基础base basis，base basic basement洗澡bathe bath bathtub生，忍受bear birth bearable unbearable birthday/birthplace 美化beautify beauty beautiful beautifully开始begin beginner beginning表现behave behavior相信believe belief believable unbelievable believably有益的benefit beneficial背叛betray betrayal盲的blindness blind blindly流血bleed blood bloody bleeding(n.)使烦闷bore bored/boring勇敢bravery brave bravely简洁的brief briefly打碎break broken呼吸breathe breath breathless breathlessly晒，烧burn burnt忙碌business busy businessman计算calculate calculation有能力的capability/capacity capable关心，喜欢care care careful/careless carefully/carelessly 偶然的casual casually小心caution caution cautious庆祝celebrate celebration celebrated celebrity中心centre central挑战challenge challenge challenging改变change change changeable unchangeable特点character characteristic（&n.）欢呼cheer cheer cheerful cheerfully化学chemistry chemical chemist小孩child childish childhood选择choose choice chosen文明的civilize civilization civilized澄清clarify clarification分类classify class classic/classical classification 靠近的close closely关闭close close closed收集collect collection collective结合combine combination舒适comfort comfort comfortable uncomfortable discomfort商业commerce c ommercial承诺commit commitment沟通communicate communication communicative陪伴accompany company/compan ion比较compare comparison comparable comparative 赔偿compensate compensation竞争compete competition/competence competitive competitor抱怨complain complaint信心confidence confident confidential关心；有关concern concern concerned unconcerned concerning总结conclude conclusion指挥conduct conductor使混淆confuse confusion confusing/confused祝贺congratulate congratulation连接connect connection connected意识consciousness conscious unconscious后果consequence consequent consequently 保存，保护conserve conservation conservative考虑consider consideration considerate considerable 构建construct construction咨询consult consultant消耗consume consumption矛盾contradict contradictory贡献contribute contribution方便，便利convenience convenient inconvenient inconveniently 习俗convention conventional使相信convince convincing纠正correct correction correct腐败corruption corrupt鼓励encourage courage courageous discourage encouragement 覆盖cover cover covered uncovered创造create creation creative creativity犯罪crime/criminal criminal批评的criticize critic/criticism critical拥挤的crowd crowded残忍cruelty cruel文化culture cultural好奇的curiosity curious骑自信车cycle cyclist recycle危险endanger danger dangerous endangered 死die death dead deadly决定decide decision decisive宣布declare declaration装饰decorate decoration防卫，保护defend defence定义define definition故意的deliberate deliberately 高兴delight delight delighted delightful投递deliver delivery要求demand demand demanding否认，拒绝deny denial离开depart departure依赖depend dependence dependent independent independence 沮丧depress depression depressed深deepen depth deep deeply描述describe description绝望的desperation desperate desperately 破坏destroy destruction决定determine determination determined发展；晒相develop development developed developing献身，奉献devote devotion devoted区别,不同differ、differentiate difference different differently困难difficulty difficult指挥，指示direct direction/director direct directly 使失望disappoint disappointment disappointing(ed)使泄气discourage discouragement discouraging(ed)发现discover discovery歧视，区分discriminate discrimination讨论discuss discussion恶心disgust disgust disgusting/ed距离distance distant分配distribute distribution打扰disturb disturbing分开，分成divide division divided捐献donate donation喝drink drinker drunk昏暗的dusk dusky灰尘dust dusty经济economy economic/economical economist 编辑edit edition editor教育educate education/educator educational效率efficient efficiency年长的elder elderly选举elect election电electricity electric/electronic electrical优雅elegance elegant尴尬embarrass embarrassment embarrassed/ing紧急emergency emergent情绪emotion emotional强调emphasize emphasis雇用employ employment employed unemployed employer(ee)鼓励encourage encouragement e ncouraging/ed结束end end/ending endless活力，能量energy energetic享受enjoy enjoyment enjoyable joyful扩大enlarge large询问enquire enquiry进入enter entry/entrance娱乐entertain entertainment热情enthusiasm enthusiastic环境environment environmental environmentalist 嫉妒envy envious平等equate/equal equality equal unequal equally设备equip equipment评估，评价evaluate evaluation迹象evidence evident进化evolve evolution确切exact exactly例外exception except使兴奋excite excitement excited/exciting展览，展出exhibit exhibition存在exist existence期望,预期expect expectation expected unexpected unexpectedly 花费expense expensive经历experience experience experienced解释；说明explain explanation爆炸explode explosion explosive探索explore exploration/explo rer暴露，揭示expose exposure出口export export import表达express expression延长，延伸extend extension极端的extreme extremely 面对face face facial失败fail failure忠诚faith faithful名声，名望fame famous时尚fashion fashionable感觉feel feeling最后final finally财政;金融finance finance financial牢固的firm firmly健康，适合fitness fit灵活的，有弹性的flexibility flexible流畅fluency fluent fluently 雾fog foggy跟踪；跟着follow following愚弄fool fool foolish外国的foreigner foreign忘记forget forgetfulness forgetful（健忘的）forgettable(易忘记的)unforgettable运气fortune fortunate unfortunate misfortune 建立found foundation脆弱fragility fragile芬芳fragrance fragrant自由free freedom free freely使结冰freeze freezing frozen频繁frequency frequent frequently 朋友friend friendly friendship使惊恐frighten fright frightened /frightening霜frost frosty乐趣fun funny陈设,布置furnish furniture furnished well-furnished大体的general generally慷慨generosity generous基因gene genetic礼物，才能gift gifted地球globalize globe global globalization光荣glory glorious统治；管理govern governor government优雅grace graceful逐渐的gradual gradually毕业graduate graduation graduate感激gratitude grateful问候，招呼greet greeting成长，增长grow growth指导guide guidance内疚，罪行guilt guilty手hand hand handy快乐，幸福happiness happy unhappy happily/unhappily 使变硬harden hardship hard hard(adv)伤害harm harm harmful harmless和谐harmony harmonious恨hate hatred hateful健康health healthy healthily听力hear hearing高height high highly高度地帮助help help helpful helpless犹豫hesitate hesitation hesitant历史history historic historical诚实honest honesty希望hope hope hopeful hopeless hopelessness恐怖；惊恐horror horrible horribly幽默humor humorous饥饿hunger hungry hungrily身份identify identity identification无视，忽视ignore ignorance ignorant合法legal illegal legally说明，阐明illustrate illustration想像imagine imagination imaginative imaginary（想象的）模仿imitate imitation移民immigrate immigration immigrant重要importance important unimportant可能possibility possible impossible impossibility印象impress impression impressive提高；改良improve improvement包含，包括include including工业industry industrial industrially感染infect infection infected膨胀，夸大inflate inflation inflated告知inform information伤害injure injury injured清白，无辜innocence innocent创新innovate innovation检查，视察inspect inspection鼓舞，激发inspire inspiration inspired/inspiring立刻instant instant instantly指示/教育instruct instruction instructive instructor保险insure insurance智力intellect intellectual/intelligent intelligence打算，想要intend intention intentional互动，相互interact interaction作用兴趣interest interest interested/interesting口译；解释interpret interpretation interpreter打断interrupt interruption采访interview interviewer/ee介绍，引进introduce introduction发明invent invention inventor调查investigate investigation邀请invite invitationinvolve involvement involved工作job jobless欢乐joy joyful判断judge judge judgment正义justify justice善良kindness kind知道know knowledge known unknown well-known 大enlarge large笑laugh laughter懒惰laziness lazy lazily领导；引导lead leader/leadership leading mislead（v)学习learn learner learned长lengthen length long解放liberate liberation/liberty可能like likely unlikely有限的limit limit limited limitaition 文学literature literary literally生活live life live/lively living/alive 位于locate location be located in逻辑logic logical illogicalloosen loose loosely损失；失败lose loss lost魔术，魔法magician magic magic成熟mature immature幸运luck lucky主要的major major majority管理manage manager management 结婚marry marriage married unmarried药medicine medical大量mass massive意思mean meaning记忆memorize memory memorial精神的mental mentally仁慈mercy merciful把...搞乱mess mess messy迁移migrate migration最小量minimum maximum少数minority minor悲惨misery miserable误会misunderstand misunderstanding misunderstood understand understanding(n.)错误mistake mistake mistaken道德的moral immoral刺激motivate motivation motivated山mountain mountainous移动;前进move movement moving moved泥mud muddy相乘multiply multiple谋杀murder murder/murderer音乐music musical musician神秘的mystery mysterious名字name name namely(adv)国家;民族nation/nationality national international自然nature natural unnatural naturally 必需的necessity necessary unnecessary necessarily 谈判negotiate negotiation紧张的nerve nervous nervously 喧闹的noise noisy noisily正常的normal abnormal normally 数量number numerous营养nutrition nutritious服从，听从obey disobey物体，宾语object objective观察observe observation observable占据occupy occupation occupied冒犯offend offence offensive defend官方office official officer运作，操作operate operation/operator operative cooperate反对oppose opposition opposite选择option optional组织organize organization organized organizer 起源originate origin original痛苦pain painful painless惊慌panic panic panicky参与participate participation participant耐心patience patient impatient和平peace peaceful表演，表现perform performance performer 允许permit permission人person personal personality /personally劝说persuade persuasive哲学的philosophy philosophical物理physics physical取悦please pleasure pleased pleasant毒药poison poisonous礼貌politeness polite impolite政治politics political politician污染pollute pollution pollutant（污染物）流行popularity popular拥有，持有possess possession可能possibility possible impossible力量power powerful实践practice practice practical祈祷pray prayer预测predict prediction predictable unpredictable宁愿，情愿prefer preference preferable准备prepare preparation prepared unprepared处方prescribe prescription展示present presentation presenter保护preserve preservation压力press pressure防止prevent prevention preventable价格price priceless优先prior priority监狱prison prisoner步骤proceed procedure生产produce production productive product，producer 职业，专业profession professional unprofessional professor促进，提升promote promotion发音pronounce pronunciation建议propose proposal保护protect protection protective protect or证明prove proof骄傲pride proud心理psychology psychological psychologically 出版publish publication惩罚punish punishment困惑puzzle puzzle puzzled/puzzling资格qualify qualification qualified unqualified种族race racial racism/racist 放射radiation radioactive反应react reaction意识，实现realize realization real reality/really 理论reason reason reasonable unreasonable接收receive receiver/reception receipt/receptionist意识recognize recognition推荐recommend recommendation恢复recover recovery提及，查阅refer reference referee 反射，反映reflect reflection reflective拒绝refuse refusal看作regard regards regardless regarding 区域region regional登记register registration规律regulation regular irregular拒绝reject rejection关系relate relation related relative/relationship放松relax relaxation relaxing，relaxed有关系的relevant irrelevant依靠rely reliability reliable unreliable欣慰relieve relief relieved宗教religion religious剩余remain remains remaining移动remove removal代表represent representative representative要求require requirement解救、拯救rescue rescue rescuer相似resemble resemblance保存reserve reservation辞职resign resignation抵抗，排斥resist resistance resistant irresistible回应respond response责任responsibility responsible irresponsible尊敬respect respect respectful respectable 方面respect respective respectively 限制restrict restriction restricted退休retire retirement retired复习，评论review/revise revision reviewer修订revise revision抢劫rob robbery粗鲁，无礼rudeness rude rudely安全safety safe盐salt salty满足satisfy satisfaction satisfied/satisfying satisfactory 缺乏的scarce scarcely吓唬scare scared scary科学science scientific scientist安全secure security secure insecure选择select selection selected自己self selfish unselfish selfless感官sense sensitive insensitive sensitivity 分开separate separation separately 为…服务serve service servant安定，居住settle settlement settled settlerseverity severe severelysex sexual/sexy羞愧，羞耻shame shameful shameless ashamed 尖，锋利sharpen sharpener sharp sharply刮shave shaver缺乏shortage short疾病sick sickness看见see sight insight(n)签字sign signal/signature重要significance significant安静silence silent相似similarity similar简单simplify simplification simple simply真诚sincerity sincere sincerely技巧skill s killed/skillful奴隶slave slave slavery睡觉sleep sleep sleepy闻smell smelly顺利smooth smoothly下雪snow snowy社会socialize society social socialist,socialism 解决solve solution悲伤sorrow sorrowful特别的specialist special specialize精神spirit spiritual稳定stability stable污点stain stainless（使）挨饿starve starvation陈述state statement statesman储藏store storage store(n)陌生的stranger strange强，有力strengthen strength strong压力stress stress stressed stressful风格style stylish stylist主体subject subjective顺从submit submission订阅subscribe subscription成功succeed success successful遭受suffer suffering建议suggest suggestion适合suit suitable总结summarize summary卓越的superior super/superb /superior支持support support supportive supporter围绕surround surroundings surrounding幸存survive survival survivor象征symbolize symbol symbolic同情sympathize sympathy sympathetic系统system systematic口味，品味taste taste tasty tasteless技术technique technical technology倾向tend tendency紧张tension tense恐怖terrify terror terrified/terrifying terrorism/terrorist理论theory theoretical盗窃thief theft渴thirst thirsty想，思想think thought thoughtful thinking 威胁threaten threat使兴奋thrill thriller thrilled thrilling 使劳累tire tiredness tiring,tired tiresome忍受tolerate tolerance/toleration tolerant/tolerableintolerant/intolerable触摸touch touch touched touching旅游,巡演tour tour tourism/tourist 传统tradition traditional变形，变化transform transformation transformer翻译translate translation translat or对待，治疗treat treat/treatment treaty麻烦trouble troublesome真实的trust truth true truly尝试，审讯try trial麻烦trouble troublesome真实的truth true truly类别type typical typist理解understand understanding understandable宇宙universe universal university催促urge urge urgent使用use use useful/useless user通常usual usually有效的validity valid invalid价值value value valuable valueless Invaluable类别vary variety various违反，触犯violate violation暴力violence violent violently火山volcano volcanic志愿volunteer volunteer voluntary voluntarily侍候wait waiting waiter/waitress 温暖warm warmth warm警告warn warning浪费waste waste waste wasteful挥动wave wave wavy弱weaken weakness weak财富wealth wealthy每周week weekly疲惫wear worn重量weigh weight宽widen width wide widespread愿意will will willing unwilling unwillingness智慧的wisdom wise皱纹wrinkle wrinkled奇迹wonder wonder wonderful木wood wooden羊毛wool woolen担心worry worry worried糟糕的worse worsen价值worth worthless worthwhile/worthy 伤害wound wound wounded年轻youth young youngster拉链zip zipper。
常用词词性转换及派生
有能力的
capability/capacity
capable
关心，喜欢
care
care
careful/careless
carefully/carelessly
偶然的
casual
casually
小心
caution
caution
cautious
庆祝
celebrate
celebration
总结
conclude
conclusion
指挥
conduct
conductor
使混淆
confuse
confusion
confusing/confused
祝贺
congratulate
congratulation
连接
connect
connection
connected
意识
consciousness
conscious
difference
different
differently
困难
difficulty
difficult
指挥，指示
direct
direction/director
direct
directly
使失望
disappoint
disappointment
disappointing(ed)
使泄气
discourage
classification
靠近的
close
closely
关闭
close
close
closed
收集
collect
collection
高考英语复习语法填空词性转换表大全
employ
encourage
equip
move
treat
judge
require
development发展；研制
disappointment失望
entertainment娱乐
employment受雇，就业
encouragement鼓励
equipment设备
movement运动；移动
reference参考；查阅
preference偏爱，偏好
appear
assist
enter
perform
guide
insure
appearance出现；外貌
assistance帮助
entrance入口
performance表演；节目
guidance指引；指导
insurance保险
动词变y名词
discover
length长度
strength力气；强项
youth青春
形容词“花式”变名词
short
shortage不足；短缺
free
wise
freedom自由；自主
wisdom明智；智慧
动词变ence/ance名词
exist
differ
refer
prefer
existence存在；生存
difference差异，不同
production生产
动词变ation名词
examine
imagine
organize
realize
prepare
starve
invite
examination考试；调查
imagination想象力
常用词词性转换及派生
困难
difficulty
difficult
使失望
disappoint
disappointment
disappointed/disappointing
使失望
discourage使沮丧
discouragement
discouraged/discouraging
分开，分成
divide
educational有教育意义的
well/badly-educated
电
electrify使带电
electricity
electric用电的
electrical与电有关的
电子
electron
electronic电子的
雇用
employ
employment
employed
umemployed
employer雇主employee雇员
furniture家具
furnished配备家具的
well-furnished布置齐备的
地球
globalize全球化
globe球状物；地球仪
global全球的；世界的
globalization全球化
统治；管理
govern统治；管理
governor统治者
government政府
毕业
graduate毕业
考虑
consider
consideration
considerate体贴的
considerable相当大/多的
构建
construct
construction
constructable可构造的
方便，便利
convenience
常用语法填空词汇派生变化规律
counter— 反…，对应…
counteraction
#—less
没有…，否定名词
careless powerless selfless useless speechless lawless limitless harmless
注：以上带#号是常用变化，带*号的是特殊词，都必须记忆。另可以自己补充。
y
edition communication direction competition relation creation protection suggestion attraction connection
#—(s)ion 词尾d/de/s
decision explosion expression admission permission confusion
特例 realize magnify shorten enlarge
specialize modernize purify simplify brighten weaken enable
特例
#—ly
直接加，不去e
beaufifully *truly entirely crazily actrually rapidly finally bravely rarely honestly totally truly
后缀
规律
#—t
词尾ce
#—al
词尾n/c/cs
#—ful
括号 —ous 给出 名词
充满…的，有…性的 充满…的，去e
statement movement *argument government judgement advisement development disappointment settlement achievement argument equipment amusement attendence assistance ignorance insistence intelligence performance existence *attendent *assistant worker visitor *liar editor prisoner lawyer survivor designer competitor publisher interviewee employee trainee
高考英语--语法填空高频词词性转换及派生(1)
effect
机构
agent
agency
侵略，侵犯
aggression
aggressive
aggressor
农业
agriculture
agricultural
同意
agree
agreement
agreeable
disagree
disagreement
分配
allocate
allocation
允许
适应，改编
adapt
adaptation
增加，
add
addition
additional
足够
adequacy
adequate
调整/使适应
adjust
adjustment
敬佩
admire
admiration
admirable
承认
admit
admission
收养，采纳
adopt
adoption
adopted
betrayal
盲的
blindness
blind
blindly
流血
bleed
blood
bloody
bleeding(n.)
使烦闷
bore
bored/boring
勇敢
bravery
brave
bravely
简洁的
brief
briefly
打碎
break
broken
呼吸
breathe
breath
breathless
academy
academic
加速
accelerate
高考语法填空考点总结
语法填空有提示词的解题技巧一：谓语动词：若句子没有别的谓语动词,或者虽然已有谓语动词,但需填的动词与之是并列关系时,所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词,就要考虑时态和语态.1. His fear of failure_______keep him from classroom games that other children played excitedly. kept2. That was definitely not an attractive idea so I politely declined her invitation, ______close my book and walked away. closed3. Three people ____take to a hospital, while others were treated at a local clinic. .were taken4. She told him that she ________ bring him the water in ten minutes. would bring二、非谓语动词若句中已有谓语动词,又不是并列谓语时,所给动词就是非谓语动词.若是非谓语动词就要确定用现在分词、过去分词,还是不定式.非谓语动词的形式一定要考虑它与其逻辑主语之间的关系.技巧一：作主语或宾语,通常用现在分词形式表示习惯或一般情况,用不定式表示具体的情况.1. But it is not enough only_______________memorize rules from a grammar book. 解析：因it是形式主语,后面用不定式作真正的主语,故填to memorize.speak out your feeling won’t make you feel ashamed.解析：句中已有谓语won’t make,所以speak应为非谓语动词；谓语前面应为主语,作主语,表示一般情况,要用动名词短语,故填Speaking.技巧二：作目的状语或者在形容词后作状语,一般用不定式.1. ______________ complete the project as planned, we’ll have to work two more hours a day.解析：因句中已有谓语will have to work,所以complete应为非谓语动词；因“为了按计划完成这项工程”是“我们每天不得不额外多工作两小时”的目的,作目的状语,用动词不定式,故填To complete.2. Some people say that oldest children, who are smart and strong-willed, are very likely _______ succeed.解析：因在形容词likely后作状语,要用动词不定式,故填to succeed.技巧三：作伴随状语,常用分词,与逻辑主语是主动关系,用现在分词,与逻辑主语是被动关系,用过去分词.这样的题一般要特别注意空格前的逗号.1. He saw the stone, ____________say to himself: “The night will be very dark.”解析：句中已有谓语saw,所给动词与saw不是并列关系,应当是非谓语动词；又因He 与say是主动关系,故填saying作伴随状语.2. The headmaster went into the lab, ______________ follow by the foreign guests.解析：句中已有谓语went,而follow又不是与之并列的,故为非谓语动词；又因the headmaster与follow是被动关系,故用过去分词作伴随状语.3. There will be a meeting, ___________ start later this year to review the film.解析：因a meeting与start是主动关系,用现在分词短语作定语,补充说明a meeting,故填starting.4. Lessons _______________learn in sports can help us in our dealing with other people.解析：因句中已有谓语can help,所以learn应为非谓语动词；又因lesson与learn 是被动关系,要用过去分词短语作定语,故填learned.特别提醒有时给出的动词可能既不是谓语动词也不是非谓语动词,而是要求词类转换.如：But Jane knew from past experience that her __________ choose of ties hardly ever pleased her father.解析：括号中所给词choose虽然是动词,但在句中作主语,且在形容词性物主代词后,应当填choose的名词形式choice.谓语动词与非谓语动词的比较练习：1.He entered the room,__________hold a book in his hand. holdingHe entered the room and _________hold a book in his hand. held2.I politely refused her invitation and ___________walk away. walkedI politely refused her invitation,___________walk away. walking3.A boy __________call Jack came here today. calledA boy who _____________call Jack came here today. was called4.We enjoy the movie ___________direct by a famous artist. directedWe enjoy the movie which _______________direct by a famous artist. was directed5.When I _________hear the news,I was excited. heardWhen____________hear the news,I was excited. hearing6.Unless I ____________invite,I won,t attend the party. was invitedUnless ____________invite,I won’t attend the party. invited三．给出的提示词是形容词或副词当括号中所给的词是形容词或副词,且根据句义空格处需要的仍是形容词或副词,则可能填该词的比较级或最高级.1.He is one of the _________great man that I have ever known. greatest2.____________luck than other students in her class, she was admitted to Beijing University. Luckier3.When he sees other students __________good than him, he usually think that they have higher IQ. better4.At first we wanted to fly because it would be _________fast and would saveus more time. faster5.The ___________big and most powerful animal in the forest was the bear. biggest6.The ___________young angel was very angry and blame the older angel. younger解题技巧：1.若两者之间比较,或者有than,就用比较级2.不出现than, 即省略了“than+比较对象”这种隐含式比较级,要注意语境理解3.注意“less/least+原级”这样的降级比较4.若是多者之间比较,或者有in、of等介词短语表示比较范围,要用最高级5.比较级前可用a bit、a little表示稍稍,一点；用much、a lot 表示“……得多”、even表示“更加”6.as…as…之间用原级7.最高级前要有the1The other frog went on jumping as hard as he could. He jumped even_________ hard and nearly made himself out. harder2The ______________strong we become, the more modest we should be. stronger3Of the two coats, I’d choose the_____________cheap one to spare some moneyfor a book. cheaper4You are driving too fast. Can you drive a bit _______________slow slower5This washing machine is environmentally friendly because it uses __________little water and electricity than older models. less6The melon the Smiths served at dinner would have tasted ______________good if it had been put in the fridge for a little while. better三、词性转换根据该词在句子所作句子成分确定用哪种形式.①作表语、定语或补语,通常用形容词.如：The youngster immediately fell ________ silence as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.解析：因在系动词felt后作表语,用形容词,故填silent.In a ________ danger part of the sea , they lost their way.解析：在冠词与名词之间,要用形容词,作定语,故填dangerous.Teachers must try their best to make most of their students ________ interest in the subject.解析：因所填词在句中作宾语most of their students的补足语,用形容词；表示“感兴趣”,填interested.②作主语,或在及物动词或介词后作宾语,用名词.When China’s ancient scientific and technological ________ achieve are mentioned, the nation will generally refer to the Four Great Inventions.解析：在时间状语从句中,要求填的词作主语,China’s ancient scientific and technological是主语的定语；作主语要用名词,又由are可知,主语是复数,故填achievements.These people have made great ____________contribute to China with their work. 解析：在句中作及物动词have made的宾语,要用名词形式；表示作贡献,其前面没有不定冠词时,习惯上用复数,故填contributions.③在形容词性物主代词后,或者在“冠词+形容词”后,用名词.如：Their ___________happy is based on money.解析：在形容词性物代词their后应当用名词,故填happiness.The ___________ operate of the system is very difficult.解析：在冠词后,要用名词,故填operation.④修饰动词、形容词、副词,或整个句子,作状语,用副词形式.如：As I looked __________ close at this girl, I found that she wasn’t ugly at all. 解析：修饰动词looked,作状语,用副词,故填closely.There must be something____________serious wrong with our society.解析：要求填的词修饰形容词wrong,作状语,用副词,故填seriously.Singles are flocking to the Internet________main because their busy lifestyles leave them little time.解析：修饰because引导的原因状语从句,修饰整个句子,作状语,用副词,故填mainly. ______________fortunate, only two students can pass the final exam.解析：修饰整个句子,作状语,用副词,且根据句意可知,要表达“不幸的是”,故填Unfortunately⑤派生词：有可能是词义转换题,词类或词性不一定要变,主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词,需要句子意思及前后逻辑关系,需要在词前加前缀un-, im-, , dis-等,或在该词后加后缀-less People certainly have a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing to know is, no knowledge is ________ use.解析：作表语要用形容词；又由句意可知,作者是表达“没有什么知识是无用的”,故填useless.Your mistake caused a lot of ________ necessary work in the office.解析：在名词前作定语,仍用形容词形式；但根据句意,“错误引起了许多不必要的麻烦事”,故填unnecessary.im possible impolite un happy unhealthy unkind careless homeless useless dislikeWhat would you do if you failed Many people may choose to give , the surest way to success is to keep your direction and stick __2__ your your way to success, you __3__ keep your is just like a lamp, guiding you in darkness and __4__ help you overcome obstacles on your , you will easily get lost or hesitate to go ahead. Direction means can get nowhere __6__ an objective in life.You can try to write your objective on paper and make some plans to achieve in this way __8__ you know how to arrange your time and to spend your time __9__proper．And you should also have a belief __10__ you are sure to succeed as long as you keep your direction all the time.解析本文告诉我们,要想成功,最可靠的方法就是坚持你的方向和目标.1．However 与前句是转折关系,空格前后都有标点, 用副词however.2．to stick to意为“坚持”.3．must 由语境揣摸出作者的语气,句意为：在通往成功的路上,你必须坚持你的方向.4．helping 与guiding并列,一起补充说明a lamp,故用现在分词.5．Otherwise 由本句与前句的逻辑关系可知,要填表示“否则”的otherwise. 6．without 句意：人生如果没有目标,你将一事无成.7．it it指代your objective.8．will/can 句意：只有这样,你才会知道……9．properly 修饰动词spend作状语用副词.10．that 引导同位语从句,从句中不缺句子成分,且意义完整,故填that.语法填空：纯空格的解题技巧一、冠词There is ____ “u” in the word”use”.As we all know, ____ hour is equal to 60 minutes.冠词练习：1.He talked to us in ____unusual way. an2.I sat next to the man and introduce myself. We had ___ amazing conversation. an3.One morning he was walking along the street when a stranger stopped him.”Well,”answered _____ stranger, “are you still willing to take a chance”the4.John, there is ____ Mr. Wilson on the phone for you. A5.A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear water. ____ water was sweet. The二、介词介词包括表时间、方位、方式的介词on,in,at,with,by,through等.如果名词、代词前是空格,且该名词或代词不是作主语、宾语、或表语,而更多是作状语时,很可能填介词.另外,含有介词的固定搭配要积累.1、I didn’t want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didn’t like leaving him_______his own either. on on one’e own=by oneself 独自地,靠自己地2、The young man went home________ a happy heart. with3、He was very tired ________ doing this for a whole day, but he felt very happy. from /after4、If you still haven’t got a motto, please choose one because a motto can havea great influence _____ you. on5、The machine works ____ itself. by6、It’s unbelievable that John fell off the truck _______ being hurt. without7、Rose was wild with joy _____ the result of the exam. as8、As soon as he entered the room, he took____ his cap and sat down. off9、The number of the employees has grown from 1000 to 1200. This means that it has risen ______ 20 percent. by三、代词代词的种类繁多,包括人称代词、物主代词、疑问代词、反身代词和指示代词等,其中近年来对代词it 在句中指代事物,作形式主语或形式宾语的用法较常见.如果句子缺少主语或宾语,那一定是填名词或代词,名词一般都是词性变换,所以没给出提示词的,一般都是填代词.1.Scientists in the future will certainly find other ways to make life last longer. ______ will find cures for more diseases. 缺人称代词,且作主格,填They2.As a teenager, Tom spent summers working as a lifeguard. Forty years later,_____ became the oldest president. 缺人称代词,且作主格,填he3.“I am disappointed that you lied to me, Jack. I am angry, not with ____, but with myself.” Dad said.缺人称代词,且作宾格,填youis a kind-hearted man, so you can ask ______ for help. 缺人称代词,且作宾语,填him5. The boy had misunderstood the doctor. He thought that he was going to give his sister all ____ blood.缺形容词性物主代词,填 hisis my dictionary. Maybe______ is on the table. If you still can’t find it, you may ask your mother for help. 缺主语,且没有提示词,所以根据句意,缺名词性物主代词, 填yoursI borrow you pen-------Yes, help________. 缺反身代词,填yourself.playing games, they can not only acquire knowledge, but also cultivate their abilities to get along with _______. Others9. Of the two foreign guests, one is from London, ______ is from New York. The otherasked his teacher,“Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like ______ ”it11..She remembered how difficult _______was to choose a suitable Christmas present for her father.12. I think _____ necessary that we drink plenty of water everyday. it四、连词如果两个句子即两个主谓结构之间没有分号或句号,也没有关联词连接或引导,则填并列连词或从属连词.并列连词：包括表转折but,while, however, or, otherwise；并列and；因果because,so等连词.从属连词：包括that, who, which, where, when, as等.1.He answered all my questions _____ we talked for over an hour. and2.I patiently walked to the library, took my seat _____ took a deep breathto help relax myself. and3.I thought we would be late for the concert, ____we ended up getting thereahead of time. but4.You have failed two tests. You’d better start working harder, ____youwon’t pass the course. or5.I’ d like to study law at university ________ my cousin prefers geography.while6.They wanted to charge $ 5,000 for the car, _______ we managed to bringthe price down. but7.People from black country are very friendly. ________, their local dialectis difficult to understand. However五、固定搭配或句型1.根据强调句结构“It is/was+被强调部分+ that/who+句子剩下部分”判断空格处填it还是that._____ was only after I heard she became sick that I learned she couldn’t eat meat. ItIt was in the park _____ Jack met your sister yesterday. that2.如果句子结构完整,空格后是谓语动词且谓语动词原形,而且上下文时态和谓语形式不是很一致时,则考虑以下两种情况：1填表示强调的助动词However,an awful accident ________happen yesterday. didAs we all know, Mary _____ practice speaking English every day. does(2)以only+状语从句位于句首,句子要部分倒装句,即把be动词、助动词提到主语的前面.Only then ____ I realize that I was wrong. didOnly in this way ___ you able to do it well. areI was always told that the three Ps, patience, positive thinking and perseverance, were a sure path this advice does not always work as planned. My high school maths exam is one example. The exam, 2_________was originally to be held in our classroom, 3__________change to the library at the last minute. This, 4__________, didn’t bother me because maths had always been my strongest subject.I patiently walked to the library, took my seat and did some deep breathing to help relax 5__________. But my mood changed quickly ______ I saw the first question. I had no idea how to do it. I tried to stay positive 7__________I finally found the solution. With the problem 8___________solve,I felt proud of my fortunate,I then noticed that I had just 10 minutes left 10___________ complete the rest.changed 6. when/as10 to completeMore than 2000 years ago, there lived a young man in the Shouling area of the State of Yan. 1______ lack self-confidence, he was 2_____ a loss as to how to behave all the time. 3______the days went by, he 4_______ feel that his walking gestures were too clumsy and awkward.One day, he met some people on the road who were chatting and laughing. 5______ of them said that people in Handan walked 6________ grace. And that was just 7_____ he was most concerned about, so he went to Handan,8_______ was far away, to learn how to walk. As soon as he arrived in Handan, he learned from the children there how to walk, 9_______ he thought that the children’s walking gestures were lively.He learned from the old people there how to walk, because he thought the old people's walking gestures were steady. He learned from the women there how to walk, because he thought the women's waving walking gestures were beautiful.That being the case with him, in less than half 10______ month he even forgot how to walk. As he had already used up his traveling expenses, he had to crawl.1. Lacking.因he与lack是主动关系,故用现在分词短语作状语,表示原因.2. at.固定短语：at a loss茫然,不知如何是好.as to 至于,3. As.引导时间状语从句,表示“随着”.4. felt.由上下文可知,用一般过去时.5. One.指其中之一,用故one of them.6. gracefully.修饰动词作状语,用副词gracefully.7. what.引导表语从句并在从句中作about的宾语,故用连接代词what.8. which.引导非限定性定语从句并在从句中作主语,只能用which.9. because.10. a.搭配：half a month半个月.A young man, while traveling through a desert, came across a spring of clear was sweet. He filled his leather container so that he could bring some back to elder _______32____ had been his teacher .After a four-day journey, the young man_____33___.present the water to the old man. His teacher took a deep drink,smiled____34_____warm, and thanked his student very much for the sweet water. The young man went home____35______a happy heart.After the student left, the teacher let __36___student taste the water. He spit it out, __37___say it was awful. Apparently, it was no longer fresh because of the old leather container. He asked his teacher,” Sir, the water was awful. Why did you pretend to like ___38____”The teacher replied,” You tasted the water. I tasted the gift. The water was simply the container for an act of kindness and love. Nothing could be ___39___ sweet.”We understand this lesson best ____40___ we receive gifts of love from children. Whether it is a cheap pipe on a diamond necklace, the proper response is appreciation. We love the idea within the gift rather than the thing.10年：31题：The定冠词.32题：who考定语从句关系代词的用法.另,一直在怀疑elder前边是不是漏词了…这是高考题,这是高考题……33题：presented考动词时态.34题：warmly考词性转换,形容词变副词.35题：with考介词.“开开心心地回家了”36题：another让另一个学生喝这个水.考不定代词.37题：saying考非谓语动词用法.38题：it考代词,指物的那个.39题：sweeter形容词比较级的用法,“没有什么比这个更甜”,“这是最甜的水”40题：when.One Sunday morning in August I went to local music festival. I left it early because I had an appointment 16 late that day. My friends walked me to the bus stop and waited with me 17 the bus arrived. I got on the bus and found a seat near the back, and then I noticed a man 18 sit at the front. He 19 pretend that a tiger toy was real and giving it a voice. He must be 20 mentaldisabled.Behind him were other people to 21 he was trying to talk, but after some minutes 22 walked away and sat near me, looking annoyedI didn’t want to be laughed at for talking to him but I didn’t like leaving him 23 his own either.After a while I rose from my seat and walked to the front of the bus. I sat next to the man and introduced myself. We had 24 amazing conversation. He got off the bus before me and I felt very happy the rest of the way home.I’m glad I made a choice. It made 25 of us feel good.later later that day那天晚些时候,常见用法,不难.until 朋友陪我走到公交站台,一直等到公交车到来.sitting 现在分词做宾补,表示正在进行.pretended 考察时态.mentally 修饰形容词,用副词.太基础.whom 本句为“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,表示人用whom,表示物用which,介词的选择根据动词搭配,本句为talk tothey on on his own = by himselfanboth both of us 我们大家.。
高考语法填空常考词性转化
nation—national 国家的
nature—natural 自然的
origin起源—original 起初的；原创的
person—personal (私人的)
t2r02a3/d5/2i4tion—traditional 传统的
17
名词--形容词
7. ce 变 t confidence—confident convenience—convenient 方便的 difference—different evidence 证据—evident 明显的 importance—important patience—patient silence—silent significance—significant 有重大意义的
• pursue—pursuit 追求 • complain—complaint 抱怨；投诉 • explain—explanation 解释 • explore—exploration 探险 • explode –explosion 爆炸 • expect—expectation 期待；期盼
2023/5/24
• effect—effective 有效的
• instruct—instructive 有教育意义的
• prevent—preventive 预防性的
• produce—productive 多产的
• sense—sensitive 敏感的
• talk—talkative 健谈的
2023/5/24
impress 给…留下印象—impression 印象
invent 发明—invention发明
instruct 说明;指导—instruction 指导;介绍
高中英语 Module 1 Basketball Section Ⅲ Grammar-词性转化和词的
Section Ⅲ Grammar-词性转化和词的派生[语法初识]原句感知自主探究1.①Her expression changed when she heard thenews.②Older people sometimes find it hard to acceptchanges.③This information began to raise questions in her mindabout Jack's innocence.④I don't think it's fair to question his motives just because he disagrees with you.⑤Would you please dry my clothes in the sun?⑥We will try our best to better our living conditions.⑦He got first place in the final.⑧She speaks Italian like a native.2. hope→hopeful(有希望的)success→successful(成功的)use→useless(无用的)power→powerless(无力的)nature→natural(天然的)tradition→traditional(传统的)fame→famous(著名的)danger→dangerous(危险的) (1)句①中的change通常用作动词，在句②中用作名词。
(2)句③中的question通常用作名词，在句④中用作动词。
(3)dry, better通常用作形容词，在句⑤和句⑥中dry, better都用作动词。
(4)final和black通常用作形容词，在句⑦和句⑧中的final和black都用作名词。
(5)名词加后缀ful，表示“满……的”，less后缀表示“无……的”。
语法填空题常见词语变形及高考考纲词性变化规律分类总结
语法填空题常见词语变形及高考考纲词性变化规律分类总结（一）动词/形容词转换1.以ment为结尾的名词Improve-----improvement 改善，改进，argue---argument （注意没有e）争论Achieve---achievement 成就appoint---appointment 任命，约会adjust-adjustment n. 调整; 适应advertise-----advertisement 广告develop-development n. 发展manage—managementencourage-encouragement n. 鼓励agree-agreement n.（意见或看法）一致；协定employ-employment 就业; 雇用unemployment 失业2. 以-ion, -ation, -ition结尾的名词possess----possession 拥有；持有attract---attraction 吸引力；吸引人之物organize-organization 组织机构hesitate------ hesitation 犹豫compete-competition n. 竟争appreciate-appreciation n. 感激欣赏devote- devotion 深爱，奉献explain-explanation 解释; 理由conclude-conclusion 结论congratulate-congratulation 祝贺decide-decision 决定describe------- description 描写; 形容express-expression 表达I表情impress------impression 印象；感想introduce-introduction 采用; 引进invite---Invitation 邀请operate-operation 手术; 运转educate--------education 教育permit-permission 准许; 许可pollute---------pollution 污染prepare----------preparation 准备; 预备protect-----protection 保护satisfy----satisfaction 满足满意suggest-suggestion 建议；意见considerate------consideration 仔细考虑；考虑周到communicate------communication 交流3.以-ance，-ence结尾的名词accept-acceptance n. 接受appear------appearance 外表; 出现differ-----difference 不同exist--------existence 存在depend---------dependence n, 依赖; 依靠distant-------distance 距离absent------absence n. 缺席patient------- patience 耐心4.以-dom结尾的名词Free----freedom 自由wise-----wisdom 智慧5.以ity，-ty结尾的名词Similar-------similarity n. 相似之处difficult---------difficulty 困难responsible------responsibility 责任; 责任心6.以-th结尾的名词Warm----warmth 温暖wide---width .宽度（注意名词没有e）Long----length 长度grow---growth 生长7. 以ure结尾的名词fail-failure n. 失败; 衰竭press---pressure压力8. 其他Approve------approval n, 赞成; 批准fluent-fluency n. 流利angry-------anger 怒气（二）其他词类转换为形容词1. 以-able，-ible结尾的形容词comfort-comfortable adj. 舒服value---valuable 有价值的reason----reasonable adj, 合理的change---changeable 容易改变的afford----affordable支付得起的2. 以-al结尾的形容词environment-environmental adj. 环境的tradition---traditional 传统的culture-cultural adj, 文化的nature---natural 自然的，天然的benefit--------Beneficial adj. 有利的3. 以-ful结尾的形容词use- --useful adj, 有用的success---successful 成功的help ----helpful adj. 有帮助的hope---hopeful 抱有希望的peace-----peaceful a 和平的power-- powerful 强大的care-----careful adj. 细心的pain---painful 痛苦的forget-forgetful adj. 健忘的harm—harmful 有危害的beauty·----- beautiful adj, 美丽的skill—skillful 技术好的，熟练的wonder->-wonderful adj. 精彩的; 绝妙4 以-less结尾的形容词end-endless adj. 无尽的aim---aimless 没有目标的power----powerless .无能为力的hope—hopeless 绝望的care---careless 粗心的harm –harmless 无害的use-----useless adj. 无用的breath-----breathless 气喘吁吁的5.以-tive结尾的形容词product->-productive adj. 多产的attract---attractive 吸引人的effect -----effective adj, 有效的create---creative 有创造力的6以-y结尾的形容词Fog---foggy adj. 有雾的greed—greedy 贪婪的wealth. wealthy adj. 富有的health---healthy 健康的7.以-ous结尾的形容词curiosity- curious 好奇的danger---dangerous 危险的variety- various 各种各样的8.以-ly结尾的形容词love-lovely adj. 可爱的week-weekly adj. 每周的like---likely 有可能的（likely为形容词）friend---friendly 友好的考纲词汇词性变化之名词类1. 以后缀-ce结尾的名词后缀变为以-ent后缀结尾的形容词confidence→confident 自信的difference→different 不同的evidence 证据→evident 明显的independence→independent 独立的intelligence 智力→intelligent 聪明的patience→patient 有耐心的silence→silent 沉默的violence→violent 暴力的2. 以后缀-ency结尾的名词变为以-ent后缀结尾的形容词emergency →emergent 紧急的fluency →fluent 流利的；流畅的frequency 频率→frequent 频繁的efficiency→efficient 有效率的3. 名词＋-y 后缀变为形容词anger→angry 生气的cloud→cloudy 多云的dirt→dirty 脏的dust→dusty 布满尘土的ease→easy 容易的；安易的fog→foggy 有雾的frost→frosty 结霜的；严寒的greed→greedy 贪吃的；贪婪的guilt→guilty 内疚的；有罪的health→healthy 健康的hunger→hungry 饥饿的ice→icy 结冰的mess→messy 杂乱的mist→misty 有雾的noise→noisy 吵闹的；嘈杂的salt→salty 咸的sleep→sleepy 困的snow→snowy 有雪的storm→stormy 暴风雨的sun→sunny 晴朗的taste→tasty 可口的；好吃的thirst→thirsty 渴的；渴望的wealth→wealthy 富有的wind→windy 有风的4. 名词＋-ly 后缀变形容词year→yearly 每年的brother→brotherly 兄弟般的day→daily 每天的friend→friendly 友好的month→monthly 每月的quarter→quarterly 每季的week→weekly 每周的5. 名词＋-al 后缀变为形容词agriculture→agricultural 农业的benefit→beneficial 有益的commerce→commercial 商业的convention→conventional 传统的culture→cultural 文化的environment→environmental 环境的face→facial 表面的music→musical 音乐的nation→national 国家的nature→natural 自然的；天然的office→official 官方的origin→original 原来的profession→professional 专业的season→seasonal 季节的；季节性的society→social 社会的tradition→traditional 传统的6. 名词＋-ous 后辍变为形容词adventure→adventurous 冒险的danger→dangerous 危险的humour→humorous 幽默的mountain→mountainous 多山的poison→poisonous 有毒的7. 动词+-er 后缀变为指物的名词cooker 炊具counter 柜台drawer 抽屉receiver 听筒；话筒speaker 扬声器typewriter 打字机8. 名词加后缀-ician 表示人electrician n．电工magician n．魔术师musician n．音乐家physician n．内科医生politician n．政治家technician n．技术员9. 以-ist 后缀结尾的名词，表示人，...家，...者art→artist 艺术家biology→biologist 生物学家journal→journalist 新闻工作者；记者physics→physicist 物理学家piano→pianist 钢琴家psychology→psychologist 心理学家science→scientist 科学家social→socialist 社会主义者special→specialist 专家tour→tourist 游客10. 以后缀-ology结尾的名词，表示...学archaeology 考古学biology 生物学ecology 生态学geology 地质学psychology 心理学sociology 社会学technology 技术；工艺11. 名词＋-ic 后缀结尾，变为形容词drama→dramatic 戏剧(性)的energy→energetic 精力充沛的enthusiasm→enthusiastic 热情的romance→romantic 浪漫的science→scientific 科学的sympathy→sympathetic 同情的12. 名词＋-hood 后缀变为名词adult→adulthood 成年boy→boyhood 少年时代brother→brotherhood 手足之情child→childhood 童年man→manhood 男子气概neighbour→neighbourhood 邻里；街坊13. 名词+-ship 后缀结尾，变为抽象名词championship 冠头军衔friendship 友谊hardship 困苦；苦难leadership 领导地位；领导才能membership 成员资格relationship 关系scholarship 奖学金考纲词汇词性变化之形容词类1. 以后缀-ce结尾的名词后缀变为以-ent后缀结尾的形容词confidence→confident 自信的difference→different 不同的evidence 证据→evident 明显的independence→independent 独立的intelligence 智力→intelligent 聪明的patience→patient 有耐心的silence→silent 沉默的violence→violent 暴力的2. 以后缀-ency结尾的名词变为以-ent后缀结尾的形容词emergency →emergent 紧急的fluency →fluent 流利的；流畅的frequency 频率→frequent 频繁的efficiency→efficient 有效率的3. 名词＋-y 后缀变为形容词anger→angry 生气的cloud→cloudy 多云的dirt→dirty 脏的dust→dusty 布满尘土的ease→easy 容易的；安易的fog→foggy 有雾的frost→frosty 结霜的；严寒的greed→greedy 贪吃的；贪婪的guilt→guilty 内疚的；有罪的health→healthy 健康的hunger→hungry 饥饿的ice→icy 结冰的mess→messy 杂乱的mist→misty 有雾的noise→noisy 吵闹的；嘈杂的salt→salty 咸的sleep→sleepy 困的snow→snowy 有雪的storm→stormy 暴风雨的sun→sunny 晴朗的taste→tasty 可口的；好吃的thirst→thirsty 渴的；渴望的wealth→wealthy 富有的wind→windy 有风的4. 名词＋-ly 后缀变形容词year→yearly 每年的brother→brotherly 兄弟般的day→daily 每天的friend→friendly 友好的month→monthly 每月的quarter→quarterly 每季的week→weekly 每周的5. 名词＋-al 后缀变为形容词agriculture→agricultural 农业的benefit→beneficial 有益的commerce→commercial 商业的convention→conventional 传统的culture→cultural 文化的environment→environmental 环境的face→facial 表面的music→musical 音乐的nation→national 国家的nature→natural 自然的；天然的office→official 官方的origin→original 原来的profession→professional 专业的season→seasonal 季节的；季节性的society→social 社会的tradition→traditional 传统的6. 名词＋-ous 后辍变为形容词adventure→adventurous 冒险的danger→dangerous 危险的humour→humorous 幽默的mountain→mountainous 多山的poison→poisonous 有毒的7. 动词+-er 后缀变为指物的名词cooker 炊具counter 柜台drawer 抽屉receiver 听筒；话筒speaker 扬声器typewriter 打字机8. 名词＋-ic 后缀结尾，变为形容词drama→dramatic 戏剧(性)的energy→energetic 精力充沛的enthusiasm→enthusiastic 热情的romance→romantic 浪漫的science→scientific 科学的sympathy→sympathetic 同情的其他的变形1. 形容词＋后缀-ity变为名词electric→electricity 电；电流；电学equal→equality 平等major→majority 大多数popular→popularity 受欢迎；流行real→reality 现实secure→security 安全similar→similarity 相似点2. 以后缀-ity结尾的高频名词cruelty 残忍diversity 多样性necessity 必需品；需要possibility 可能性security 安全similarity 相似(性)3. 形容词＋后缀-en变为动词bright→brighten 使愉快；使明亮broad→broaden 加宽；拓宽dark→darken 使变暗deep→deepen 加深；使变深fright→frighten (使)惊吓hard→harden 使变硬light→lighten 使变轻long→lengthen 加长loose→loosen (使)变松；放松；松开quick→quicken 加快ripe→ripen 变成熟；使成熟sharp→sharpen 磨快；使锋利short→shorten 变短；缩短soft→soften 使变软strong→strengthen 加强weak→weaken 使变弱wide→widen 加宽；拓宽4. 形容词＋后缀-th 变为名词deep→depth深；深处grow→growth成长long→length长；长度strong→strength力量true→truth真理warm→warmth温暖wide→width宽度5. 形容词＋后缀-ness变为名词aware→awareness 意识careless→carelessness 粗心大意conscious→consciousness 知觉dark→darkness 黑暗eager→eagerness 渴望happy→happiness 幸福；高兴kind→kindness 仁慈；好意lonely→loneliness 孤独rude→rudeness 粗鲁sad→sadness 悲哀；悲伤sick→sickness 疾病weak→weakness 弱点；虚弱willing→willingness 愿意6. 以后缀-ious 结尾的形容词ambitious 有雄心的；野心勃勃的cautious 小心的；谨慎的conscious 有意识的envious 忌妒的；猜忌的mysterious 神秘的religious 宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的7. 以后缀-ical结尾的形容词economical 经济的；节约的electrical 与电有关的historical 与历史有关的logical 逻辑的magical 神奇的；像变魔术似的musical 音乐的；悦耳的political 政治的8. 形容词＋后缀-ly变为副词fluent→fluently 流利地frequent→frequently 频繁地；经常地actual→actually 实际上entire→entirely 完全；全部地gradual→gradually 逐渐地fortunate→fortunately 幸运地final→finally 最后extreme→extremely 极其词性变化之反义词1.动词→前缀dis-+动词变为否定词agree→disagree 不同意appear→disappear 消失appoint→disappoint 使失望approve→disapprove 反对；不赞成comfort→discomfort 使不舒适cover→discover 发现like→dislike 不喜欢2.形容词→前缀in- +形容词变为否定词accurate→inaccurate 不精确的adequate→inadequate 不充分的appropriate→inappropriate 不合适的expensive→inexpensive 不贵的；便宜的experienced→inexperienced 经验不足的3.形容词→前缀im-＋形容词变为否定词patient→impatient 不耐心的polite→impolite 没礼貌的possible→impossible 不可能的practical→impractical 不实用的proper→improper 不合适的4.形容词→前缀un- +形容词变为否定词able→unable 不能的aware→unaware 不知道的believable→unbelievable 不可相信的certain→uncertain 不确定的clear→unclear 不清楚的comfortable→uncomfortable 不舒服的common→uncommon 不常有的conscious→unconscious 失去知觉的fair→unfair 不公平的forgettable→unforgettable 难忘的fortunate→unfortunate 不幸的fit→unfit 不合适的friendly→unfriendly 不友好的happy→unhappy 不高兴的；不幸福的known→unknown 无名的likely→unlikely 不可能的lucky→unlucky 不幸的necessary→unnecessary 不必要的pleasant→unpleasant 不愉快的fortunate→unfortunate 不幸的important→unimportant 不重要的usual→unusual 不寻常的willing→unwilling 不情愿的5.名词→名词+后缀-less 构成的形容词aim→aimless 无目的的care→careless 粗心大意的count→countless 无数的doubt→doubtless 无疑的end→endless 无尽的harm→harmless 无害的help→helpless 无助的home→homeless 无家可归的hope→hopeless 无希望的job→jobless 失业的limit→limitless 无限的rest→restless 不安的use→useless 无用的6.动词→前缀mis-+动词构成的动词take→mistake 误会understand→misunderstand 误解use→misuse 误用；滥用lead→mislead 误导trust→mistrust 不信任词性变化之其它总结1.使动用法“前缀en-＋形容词/名词”变为动词，表示“使...”rich→enrich 使充实able→enable 使能够large→enlarge 使扩大sure→ensure 确保；担保danger→endanger 使……遭遇危险title→entitle 给……起题目/命名courage→encourage 鼓励2.含前缀fore-的单词，表示“前，提前”forecast vt. 预报；预测foresee vt. 预见；预料；预知foreword n. 前言forehead n. 额头forearm n. 前臂forehead n. 额头forearm n. 前臂forecast vt. 预报foresee vt. 预见；预知foreword n. 前言foretell v. 预言；预示3.加后缀-ward表示方位词，表示“向...”southward 向南northward 向北eastward 向东westward 向西upward 向上backward 向后4.以后缀-ify 结尾的动词simple→simplify 简化beauty→beautify 美化pure→purify 净化identity→identify 鉴定；识别出class→classify 分类5.re-前缀+动词变为动词，表示“再；又”cycle→recycle 再利用；回收利用use→reuse 重新使用build→rebuild 重建write→rewrite 重写tell→retell 复述6.男女有别steward 乘务员；服务员stewardess 女乘务员waiter 男服务员waitress 女服务员actor 男演员actress 女演员host 男主人hostess 女主人7. 现在分词/过去分词用作介词或连词assume→assuming 假设；假定（连词）include→including 包含；包括（介词）suppose→supposing 假设；假如（连词）provide→provided/providing 假设；如果consider→considering 鉴于；考虑到（连词）concern→concerning 关于（介词）give→given考虑到（介词）2019年高考真题体验2019年英语高考真题全国卷1第二节（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
近五年高考英语语法填空词性转换总结(1)
近五年高考英语语法填空词性转换总结，你离学霸就差这篇，快收藏英语周报2019-10-09 11:41:37免费领取本期资料电子版（含试题答案），请点击右上角关注我们，私信回复：高中英语欢迎订阅高中英语精品专栏，内容包括英语三大题型专练+视频精讲，购买即送电子版文档，高中必备。
词性转换一直以来都是高考英语语法填空的必考点。
这一考点涉及到构词法，尤其是词的派生。
今天小编将近五年高考题中语法填空题涉及的词性转换题整理出来，再对高考的词性转换进行分类总结，最后就派生词的前缀和后缀进行分类讲解，希望可以为同学们解答这一类题型助力。
一、近五年高考语法填空词性转换总结▲2019 年2019 全国I 卷It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been ___62___ (poor) studied.In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut have reported increases in bear sightings around human settlements, leading to a ___66___ (believe) that populations are increasing.2019 全国II 卷Her years of hard work have ___63___ (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名) her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.We are so proud of her. It's ___70___(wonder).2019 全国III 卷When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting ___66___ (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many ___67___ (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were ___68___ (huge) popular with tourists. 2019 浙江When the children are walking or cycling to school on dark mornings, car drivers can ___60___ (easy) see them.Other American studies showed no ___64___ (connect) between uniforms and school performance.School uniforms are ___65___ (tradition) in Britain, but some schools are starting to get rid of them.2019 北京Students should have a proper attitude towards college before thinking about which college to attend, and it's never too early to make necessary preparations for a healthy and ___10___ (meaning) college experience.▲2018 年2018 全国I 卷To avoid knee pain, you can run on soft surfaces, do exercises to ___68___ (strength) your leg muscles (肌肉), avoid hills and get good running shoes. Running is cheap, easy and it's always ___69___ (energy).2018 全国II 卷A taste for meat is ___63___ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.This switch has decreased ___66___ (pollute) in the country's major lakes and reservoirs and made drinking water safer for people.According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total ___67___ (globe) fertilizer consumption. 2018 全国III 卷My name is Mireya Mayor. I'm a ___66___ (science) who studies animals such as apes and monkeys.2018 浙江卷The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be ___62___ (afford) but doing this most days adds up. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in ___64___ (weigh) problems.▲2017 年2017 全国I 卷Having enough fat and salt in your meals will reduce the urge to snack (吃点心) between meals and will improve the taste of your food. However, be ___69___ (care) not to go to extremes.2017 全国II 卷Steam engines were used to pull the carriages and it must have been ___66___ (fair) unpleasant for the passengers, with all the smoke and noise.This development was only possible with the ___69___ (introduce) of electric-powered engines and lifts. The central London Railway was one of the most ___70___ (success) of these new lines, and was opened in 1900. 2017 全国III 卷She is determined to carry on with her ___66___ (educate).I don't want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is ___70___ (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.2017 浙江卷But something made her look closer, and she noticed a___57___ (shine) object.▲2016 年2016 全国I 卷Chengdu has dozens of new millionaires, Asia's biggest building, and fancy new hotels. But for tourists like me, pandas are its top ___61___ (attract).The title will be ___63___ (official) given to me at a ceremony in London.2016 全国II 卷If you feel stressed by responsibilities at work, you should take a step back and identify (识别) those of greater and less importance. Then, handle the most important tasks first so you'll feel a real sense of ___42___ (achieve). Recent studies show that we are far more productive at work if we take short breaks ___47___ (regular).2016 全国III 卷Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which ___46___ (gradual) turned into chopsticks. Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius, who livedfrom roughly 551 to 479 B.C. influenced the ___48___ (develop) of chopsticks.▲2015 年2015 全国I 卷Abercrombie & Kent, a travel company in Hong Kong, says it ___69___ (regular) arranges quick getaways here for people living in Shanghai and Hong Kong.2015 全国II 卷In addition to their simple beauty, what makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ___63___ (able) to "air condition" a house without using electric equipment. Walls made of adobe take in the heat from the sun on hot days and give out that heat ___65___(slow) during cool nights.As ___69___ (nature) architects, the Pueblo Indians figured out exactly how thick the adobe walls needed to be to make the cycle work on most days.领取【参考答案】的方式：点击右上角关注我们，私信回复：高中英语，即可获得资料完整版PDF文档（含试题答案）二、近五年考点分类总结三、常见前缀后缀盘点前缀一般改变词义而不改变词性；后缀一般改变词性而不改变词义。
常用词词性转换及派生
常用词词性变换及派生词义动词 v. 名词 n. 形容词 adj. 反义词其余派生词使可以enable ability/disabilitable disable disabled/unable y不正常的abnormal normal缺席absence absent学术的academy academic加快accelerate acceleration接受accept acceptance acceptable unacceptable 接进access access accessible住宿accommodate accommodation累积accumulate accumulation陪同accompany company精准的accuracy accurate inaccurate达到，获取achieve achievement achievable获取，习得acquire acquisition表演，行动act action /actactive inactive actual/actually /activity适应，改编adapt adaptation增添，add addition additional足够adequacy adequate调整/使适adjust adjustment应敬重admire admiration admirable认可admit admission收养，采用adopt adoption adopted行进advance advance advanced利处advantage disadvantage事故accident accidentally使上瘾addict addition addictedaddict /addictive做广告advertise advertisement advertiser影响,感动affect effect机构agent agency侵略，入侵aggression aggressive aggressor农业agriculture agricultural赞同agree agreement agreeable disagree disagreement 分派allocate allocation赞同allow allowance allowable使惊讶amaze amazement amazing/amazed志向ambition ambitious逗乐、娱乐amuse amusement amusing/amused剖析analyze analysis生气anger angry通知announce announcement使烦忧annoy annoyance annoying/annoyed希望anticipate anticipation忧虑，忧虑anxiety anxious anxiously鼓掌applaud applause商定appoint appointment致歉apologize apology出现appear appearance disappear disappearance 申请apply applicant application赏识appreciate appreciation appreciable凑近，方法approach approach approachable赞同；认同approve approval disapproval争执，争辩argue argument arguable安排arrange arrangement抵达arrive arrival评估，议论assess assessment帮助assist assistant/assista nce联系associate association假定，假定assume assumption使惊讶astonish astonishment astonishing(ed)运动员athlete athletic附上，迷恋attach attachment吸引attract attraction attractive unattractive attractively 知道的awareness aware unaware烤bake bakery均衡balance balance balanced以为基础base basis ， base basic basement沐浴bathe bath bathtub生，忍耐bear birth bearable unbearable birthday/birthpla ce美化beautify beauty beautiful beautifully 开始begin beginner beginning表现behave behavior相信believe belief believable unbelievable believably有利的benefit beneficial背叛betray betrayal盲的blindness blind blindly流血bleed blood bloody bleeding(n.)使愁闷bore bored/boring英勇bravery brave bravely简短的brief briefly打坏break broken呼吸breathe breath breathless breathlessly 晒，烧burn burnt繁忙business busy businessman 计算calculate calculation有能力的capability/capacicapable ty关怀，喜爱care care careful/careless carefully/carele ssly有时的casual casually 当心caution caution cautious庆贺celebrate celebration celebrated celebrity 中心centre central挑战challenge challenge challenging改变change change changeable unchangeable特色character characteristic （ &n. ）喝彩cheer cheer cheerful cheerfully化学chemistry chemical chemist儿童child childish childhood选择choose choice chosen文明的civilize civilization civilized澄清clarify clarification分类classify class classic/ classical classification 凑近的close closely封闭close close closed采集collect collection collective联合combine combination舒坦comfort comfort comfortable uncomfortable discomfort商业commerce commercial承诺commit commitment交流communicate communication communicative陪同accompany company/companion比较compare comparison comparable comparative 补偿compensate compensation竞争compete competition/competitive competitor competence诉苦complain complaint信心confidence confident confidential 关怀；相关concern concern concerned unconcerned concerning 总结conclude conclusion指挥conduct conductor使混杂confuse confusion confusing/confuse d庆祝congratulatcongratulation e连结connect connection connected意识consciousness conscious unconscious结果consequence consequent consequently 保留，保护conserve conservation conservative考虑consider consideration considerate considerable 建立construct construction咨询consult consultant耗费consume consumption矛盾contradict contradictory贡献contribute contribution方便，便利convenience convenient inconvenient inconveniently 风俗convention conventional使相信convince convincing纠正correct correction correct腐败corruption corrupt鼓舞encourage courage courageous discourage encouragement 覆盖cover cover covered uncovered创建create creation creative creativity犯法crime/ criminal criminal责备的criticize critic/criticism critical拥堵的crowd crowded残忍cruelty cruel文化culture cultural好奇的curiosity curious骑自信车cycle cyclist recycle危险endanger danger dangerous endangered 死die death dead deadly决定decide decision decisive宣告declare declaration装修decorate decoration防卫，保护defend defence定义define definition成心的deliberate deliberately 快乐delight delight delighted delightful送达deliver delivery要求demand demand demanding否定，拒绝deny denial走开depart departure依靠depend dependence dependent independent independence 丧气depress depression depressed深deepen depth deep deeply描绘describe description无望的desperation desperate desperately 损坏destroy destruction决定determine determination determined发展；晒相develop development developed developing献身，奉献devote devotion devoteddiffer 、差别,不一样differentia difference different differently te困难difficulty difficult指挥，指示direct direction/directodirect directly r使绝望disappoint disappointment disappointing(ed) 使灰心discourage discouragement discouraging(ed) 发现discover discovery鄙视，划分discriminatdiscrimination e议论discuss discussion恶心disgust disgust disgusting/ed 距离distance distant分派distribute distribution打搅disturb disturbing 分开，分红divide division divided捐赠donate donation喝drink drinker drunk惨淡的dusk dusky尘埃dust dusty经济economy economic/economist economical编写edit edition editor教育educate education/educatoeducational r年长的elder elderly 选举elect election电electricity electric/electrical electronic优雅elegance elegant难堪embarrass embarrassment embarrassed/ing紧迫emergency emergent情绪emotion emotional重申emphasize emphasis聘用employ employment employed unemployed employer(ee)鼓舞encourage encouragement encouraging/ed结束end end/ending endless活力，能量energy energetic享受enjoy enjoyment enjoyable joyful扩大enlarge large咨询enquire enquiry进入enter entry/entrance娱乐entertain entertainment热忱enthusiasm enthusiastic环境environment environmental environmentalist 妒忌envy envious同等equate/equality equal unequal equally equal设施equip equipment评估，议论evaluate evaluation迹象evidence evident进化evolve evolution切实exact exactly例外exception except使喜悦excite excitement excited/exciting展览，展出exhibit exhibition存在exist existence希望,预期expect expectation expected unexpected unexpectedly 花销expense expensive经历experience experience experienced解说；说明explain explanation爆炸explode explosion explosive探究explore exploration/explo rer裸露，揭露expose exposure出口export export import表达express expression延长，延长extend extension极端的extreme extremely 面对face face facial失败fail failure忠诚faith faithful名誉，名誉fame famous时髦fashion fashionable感觉feel feeling最后final finally财政;金融finance finance financial坚固的firm firmly健康，合适fitness fit灵巧的，有flexibility flexible弹性的流利fluency fluent fluently雾fog foggy追踪；随着follow following捉弄fool fool foolish外国的foreigner foreignforgetful （健忘的）忘掉forget forgetfulness forgettable( 易忘掉unforgettable的)运气fortune fortunate unfortunate misfortune 成立found foundation柔弱fragility fragile芳香fragrance fragrant自由free freedom free freely使结冰freeze freezing frozen屡次frequency frequent frequently 朋友friend friendly friendship使惊慌frighten fright frightened /frightening霜frost frosty乐趣fun funny摆设,部署furnish furniture furnished well-furnished大概的general generally大方generosity generous基因gene genetic礼品，才能gift gifted地球globalize globe global globalization荣耀glory glorious统治；管理govern governor government优雅grace graceful渐渐的gradual gradually毕业graduate graduation graduate感谢gratitude grateful问候，招呼greet greeting成长，增添grow growth指导guide guidance愧疚，罪状guilt guilty手hand hand handy快乐，幸福happiness happy unhappy happily/unhappily 使变硬harden hardship hard hard(adv)损害harm harm harmful harmless和睦harmony harmonious恨hate hatred hateful健康health healthy healthily听力hear hearing高height high highly 高度地帮助help help helpful helpless踌躇hesitate hesitation hesitant历史history historic historical诚实honest honesty希望hope hope hopeful hopeless hopelessness恐惧；惊慌horror horrible horribly风趣humor humorous饥饿hunger hungry hungrily身份identify identity identification忽视，忽略ignore ignorance ignorant合法legal illegal legally说明，说明illustrate illustration想像imagine imagination imaginative imaginary （想象的）模拟imitate imitation移民immigrate immigration immigrant重要importance important unimportant可能possibility possible impossible impossibility印象impress impression impressive提高；改进improve improvement包含，包含include including工业industry industrial industrially感染infect infection infected膨胀，夸张inflate inflation inflated见告inform information损害injure injury injured清白，无辜innocence innocent创新innovate innovation检查，视察inspect inspection激励，激发inspire inspiration inspired/inspiring马上instant instant instantly指示/教育instruct instruction instructive instructor保险insure insurance智力intellect intellectual/intelintelligence ligent打算，想要intend intention intentional 互动，互相interact interaction作用兴趣interest interest interested/interes ting口译；解说interpret interpretation interpreter 打断interrupt interruption采访interview interviewer/ee介绍，引进introduce introduction发明invent invention inventor检查investigate investigation邀请invite invitationinvolve involvement involved工作job jobless欢喜joy joyful判断judge judge judgment正义justify justice和善kindness kind知道know knowledge known unknown well-known 大enlarge large笑laugh laughter懒散laziness lazy lazily领导；指引lead leader/leadership leading mislead （ v) 学习learn learner learned长lengthen length long解放liberate liberation/liberty可能like likely unlikely有限的limit limit limited limitaition文学literature literary literally生活live life live/lively living/ alive 位于locate location be located in逻辑logic logical illogicalloosen loose loosely损失；失败lose loss lost魔术，魔法magician magic magic成熟mature immature好运luck lucky主要的major major majority管理manage manager management 成婚marry marriage married unmarried药medicine medical大批mass massive意思mean meaning记忆memorize memory memorial精神的mental mentally仁爱mercy merciful把 ... 搅乱mess mess messy迁徙migrate migration最小量minimum maximum 少量minority minor凄惨misery miserable误解misunderstand misunderstandinmisunderstood understandunderstanding(n.g )错误mistake mistake mistaken道德的moral immoral刺激motivate motivation motivated山mountain mountainous挪动;行进move movement moving moved泥mud muddy相乘multiply multiple谋杀murder murder/murderer音乐music musical musician神奇的mystery mysterious名字name name namely(adv)国家;民族nation/national international nationality自然nature natural unnatural naturally必要的necessity necessary unnecessary necessarily 谈判negotiate negotiation紧张的nerve nervous nervously 喧杂的noise noisy noisily正常的normal abnormal normally数目number numerous营养nutrition nutritious遵从，遵从obey disobey物体，宾语object objective察看observe observation observable占有occupy occupation occupied冲犯offend offence offensive defend官方office official officer运作，操作operate operationoperative cooperate /operator反对oppose opposition opposite选择option optional组织organize organization organized organizer 发源originate origin original难过pain painful painless慌张panic panic panicky参加participate participation participant 耐心patience patient impatient和平peace peaceful表演，表现perform performance performer 赞同permit permission人person personal personality /personally劝告persuade persuasive哲学的philosophy philosophical物理physics physical取悦please pleasure pleased pleasant 毒药poison poisonous礼貌politeness polite impolite政治politics political politician污染pollute pollution pollutant （污染物）流行popularity popular拥有，拥有possess possession可能possibility possible impossible力量power powerful实践practice practice practical祷告pray prayer展望predict prediction predictable unpredictable宁愿，宁愿prefer preference preferable准备prepare preparation prepared unprepared处方prescribe prescription展现present presentation presenter保护preserve preservation压力press pressure防备prevent prevention preventable价钱price priceless优先prior priority牢狱prison prisoner步骤proceed procedure生产produce production productive product ，producer职业，专业profession professional unprofessionaprofessor l促使，提高promote promotion发音pronounce pronunciation建议propose proposal保护protect protection protective protect or证明prove proof骄傲pride proud心理psychology psychological psychologically 第一版publish publication处罚punish punishment疑惑puzzle puzzle puzzled/puzzling资格qualify qualification qualified unqualified种族race racial racism/racist 放射radiation radioactive反响react reaction意识，实现realize realization real reality/really理论reason reason reasonable unreasonable接收receive receiver/ receipt/receptio reception nist意识recognize recognition介绍recommend recommendation恢复recover recovery说起，查阅refer reference referee 反射，反应reflect reflection reflective拒绝refuse refusal看作regard regards regardless regarding 登记register registration规律regulation regular irregular拒绝reject rejection关系relate relation related relative/relationship放松relax relaxation relaxing ， relaxed相关系的relevant irrelevant依靠rely reliability reliable unreliable宽慰relieve relief relieved宗教religion religious节余remain remains remaining挪动remove removal代表represent representative representative要求require requirement挽救、挽救rescue rescue rescuer相像resemble resemblance保留reserve reservation离职resign resignation抵挡，排挤resist resistance resistant irresistible 回应respond response责任responsibility responsible irresponsible敬爱respect respect respectful respectable 方面respect respective respectively 限制restrict restriction restricted退休retire retirement retired复习，议论review/revise revision reviewer订正revise revision打劫rob robbery鲁莽，无礼rudeness rude rudely安全safety safe盐salt salty知足satisfy satisfaction satisfied/satisfying satisfactory 缺少的scarce scarcely恐吓scare scared scary科学science scientific scientist安全secure security secure insecure选择select selection selected自己self selfish unselfish selfless感官sense sensitive insensitive sensitivity 分开separate separation separately 为服务serve service servant平定，居住settle settlement settled settlerseverity severe severely惭愧，惭愧shame shameful shameless ashamed 尖，尖利sharpen sharpener sharp sharply刮shave shaver疾病sick sickness看见see sight insight(n)署名sign signal/signatur e重要significance significant寂静silence silent相像similarity similar简单simplify simplification simple simply真挚sincerity sincere sincerely 技巧skill skilled/skillful奴隶slave slave slavery 睡觉sleep sleep sleepy闻smell smelly顺利smooth smoothly 下雪snow snowy社会socialize society social socialist, socialism解决solve solution伤心sorrow sorrowful特其余specialist special specialize 精神spirit spiritual稳固stability stable污点stain stainless（使）受饿starve starvation陈说state statement statesman 储蓄store storage store(n) 陌生的stranger strange强，有力strengthen strength strong压力stress stress stressed stressful 风格style stylish stylist主体subject subjective服从submit submission定阅subscribe subscription成功succeed success successful遭到suffer suffering建议suggest suggestion合适suit suitable总结summarize summary优秀的superior super/superb /superior支持support support supportive supporter 环绕surround surroundings surrounding幸存survive survival survivor 象征symbolize symbol symbolic怜悯sympathize sympathy sympathetic系统system systematic口胃，品尝taste taste tasty tasteless技术technique technical technology 偏向tend tendency紧张tension tense恐惧terrify terror terrified/terrifying terrorism/terror ist理论theory theoretical偷窃thief theft渴thirst thirsty想，思想think thought thoughtful thinking 威迫threaten threat使喜悦thrill thriller thrilled thrilling 使劳苦tire tiredness tiring, tired tiresome忍耐tolerate tolerance/tolertolerant/ tolerableintolerant ation /intolerable触摸touch touch touched touching旅行,巡演tour tour tourism/tourist 传统tradition traditional变形，变化transform transformation transformer 翻译translate translation translat or对待，治疗treat treattreaty /treatment麻烦trouble troublesome真切的trust truth true truly试试，审问try trial麻烦trouble troublesome真切的truth true truly类型type typical typist理解understand understanding understandable宇宙universe universal university 敦促urge urge urgent使用use use useful/useless user往常usual usually有效的validity valid invalid价值value value valuable valueless Invaluable 类型vary variety various违犯，冲犯violate violation暴力violence violent violently 火山volcano volcanic志愿volunteer volunteer voluntary voluntarily服侍wait waiting waiter/waitress 暖和warm warmth warm警示warn warning浪费waste waste waste wasteful摆动wave wave wavy弱weaken weakness weak财产wealth wealthy每周week weekly疲倦wear worn重量weigh weight宽widen width wide widespread愿意will will willing unwilling unwillingness 智慧的wisdom wise皱纹wrinkle wrinkled奇观wonder wonder wonderful木wood wooden羊毛wool woolen担忧worry worry worried糟糕的worse worsen价值worth worthless worthwhile/worth y损害wound wound wounded年青youth young youngster 拉链zip zipper。
高考语法填空常用词词性转换
常用词词性转换及派生1. enable v.使能够ability n. 能力able adj.disable v. 使无能disabled adj.残废的unable adj.不能的2. absence n. 缺席absent adj.3. accept v. 接受acceptance n.同意，认可acceptable adj. 可接受的4. access v. 接进access n.入口accessible adj.易/可接近的5. achieve v. 达到，获得achievement n. 完成，成就achievable可获得的6. active adj. 积极的，活跃的activity 活动activist 积极分子，活动家7. actual adj. 真实的，实际的actually adv. 实际地8. adjust v. 调整/使适应adjustment n.9. admire v. 敬佩admiration n.admirable adj. 可钦佩地10. admit v. 承认，允许进入admission n.11. advance v. 前进advance n.advancing adj. 前进的advanced高级的，先进的12. advantage n. 优势advantaged adj.处于优势地位的13. advertise v. 做广告advertisement n.advertiser n.14. affect v. 影响,打动effect n.effective adj. 有效的15. advise v. 建议advice n.16. agree v. 同意agreement n.agreeable欣然同意的、令人愉快的17. agriculture n. 农业agricultural adj. 农业的18. amaze v. 使吃惊amazement n.amazing adj. 令人惊奇的amazed adj. 感到惊讶的19. amuse v. 逗乐、娱乐amusement n.开心amusing adj. 逗人发笑的amused adj. 被逗乐的20. anger n. 愤怒angry adj. 发怒的angrily adv. 生气的21. anxiety n. 焦虑，焦急anxious adj.anxiously adv.22. apologize v. 道歉apology n.apologetic adj.23. appear v. 出现appearance n. 出现，外貌disappear v. 消失disappearance n.24. announce v. 宣布announcement n.25. apply v. 申请applicant n.申请人application申请书26. appoint v. 任命, 约定appointment n. 约会27. appreciate v. 感激，欣赏appreciation n.28. approve v. 批准；赞成approval n.29. argue v. 争吵，争论argument n.arguable adj. 可争论的30. arrive v. 到达arrival n.31. assist v. 帮助assistance n. 援助，帮助assistant n. 助手，助理32. astonish v. 使惊讶astonishmentastonishingastonished adj.33. attract v. 吸引attraction n.attractive adj.unattractive adj.attractively adv.34. arrange v. 安排，筹划arrangement n.35. bear (bore/born) v. 生，忍受birth n. 出生bearable adj. 可忍受的unbearable adj.36. beautify v. 美化beauty n.beautiful adj.beautifully adv.37. behave v. 表现behavior n. 行为38. believe v. 相信belief n. 信念believable adj. 可相信的believablyunbelievable39. bleed(bled/bled) v. 流血bleeding adj. 流血的blood n.bloody adj. 血腥的40. bore v. 使烦闷bored adj.boring adj.boredom n. 厌倦; 讨厌41. brave adj. 勇敢的bravery n.bravely adv.42. breathe v. 呼吸breath n.breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的breathlessly adv.43. busy adj. 忙碌的business n. 商业，行业businessman businesswoman44. care v. 关心，喜欢care n. 关怀，照料，谨慎careful/careless adj. carefully adv.carelessly adv.45. calculate v. 计算calculation n.46. celebrate v. 庆祝celebration n.47. centre n. 中心central adj.48. change v. 改变change n.changeable adj. 多变的unchangeable 不可改变的changing adj. 正在变化的49. challenge v. 向…挑战challenged adj. 受到挑战的challenging adj. 富有挑战性的50. cheer v. 欢呼cheer n.cheerful adj. 快乐的，高兴的cheerfully adv.51. chemistry n. 化学chemical adj.chemist n. 化学家52. child n. 小孩children pl.childhood. 童年childish adj. 幼稚的53. choose v. 选择choice n.chosen adj. 被选择的54. class n. 班级，等级classify v. 分类classic adj. 经典的classical adj. 古典的55. collect v. 收集collection n.56. comfort v. 安慰comfort n. 舒适comfortable adj. 舒适的comfortably adv. uncomfortable adj. discomfort v. 使不舒服57. communicate v. 沟通communication n.58. compare v. 比较comparison n. 对照comparable adj. 可比较的comparative adj. 比较的59. compete v. 竞争competition n. 竞赛competitive adj. 有竞争性的competitor 竞争者60. complain v. 抱怨complaint n.61. confidence n. 信心confident adj.62. concentrate v.集中concentration n.63. conclude v. 推断conclusion n. 结论64. confuse v. 使混淆confusion n.confusing adj.confused adv.65. congratulate v. 祝贺congratulation n.66. connect v. 连接connection n.connected adj.67. consider v. 考虑consideration n. considerate adj. 体贴的considerable adj. 相当大/多的68. construct v. 构建construction n.69. convenience n. 方便convenient adj. inconvenient adj. inconveniently70. encourage v. 鼓励courage n. 勇气encouraged encouraging adj. discourage v. 阻碍, 使气馁encouragement n.71. contribute v. 捐献contribution n. 贡献72. create v. 创造creation n. 创造creative adj.creativity n. 创造力73. crime n. 犯罪criminal adj. 犯罪的criminal n. 犯人74. curious adj. 好奇的curiosity n. 好奇心75. danger n. 危险endanger v. 使危险dangerous adj.endangered adj. 濒危的76. die v. 死death n.dead adj.deadly adj. 致命的dying adj. 垂死的77. decide v. 决定decision n.decisive adj. 决定性的，果断的78. depend v. 依赖dependence n.dependent adj. independent adj. independence n.79. dark adj. 黑暗的darkness n. 黑暗80. declare v. 宣布declaration n. 宣布，声明81. decorate v. 装修decoration n.82. deep adj. 深的deepen v. 加深depth n. 深度deeply adv. 深深地（情感上）83. describe v. 描述description n.84. determine v. 决定determination n. 决心determined adj. 有决心的85. develop v. 发展development n. developed adj. 发展的developing adj. 发展中的86. devote v. 致力于devotion n. 奉献87. differ v. 区别difference n. 不同different adj. 不同的differently adv.88. difficult adj. 困难的difficulty n. 困难89. disappoint v. 使失望disappointment n. disappointed adj. disappointing adj.90. divide v. 分开，分成division n.divided v.91. drink v. 喝drinker n. 酒徒; 饮水器; drunk adj. 醉的, 陶醉的92. disagree v. 不同意disagreement n. 分歧93. economy n. 经济economic adj. 经济的economical adj. 实惠的economist n. 经济学家94. educate v. 教育education n. 教育educator n. 教育工作者educational adj. 有教育意义的well-educated,badly-educated95. effect n. 影响effective adj. 有效的affect v. 影响96. electricity n. 电electrify n. 使带电electric adj. 用电的electrical adj. 与电有关的97. employ v. 雇用employment n.employed adj.unemployed adj.employer n. 雇主employee n.雇员98. energy n. 活力，能量energetic adj. 充满活力的99. encourage v. 鼓励encouragement n.100. enjoy v. 享受enjoyment n.enjoyable adj. 令人愉快的joyful adj. 快乐的101. environment n. 环境environmental adj.environmentalist n. 研究环境问题的专家102. enter v. 进入entrance n. 入口103. equal adj. 平等的equality n.unequal adj.equally adv.104. equip v. 装备equipment n. 设备105. excite v. 使兴奋excitement n.excitedexciting adj.106. explain v. 解释explanation n.107. exist v. 存在existence n.108. expect v. 期望,预期expectation n.expected adj. 预料中的unexpected adj.unexpectedly adv.109. experience v. 经历experience n. 经历/经验experienced adj. 有经验的110. explode v. 爆炸explosion n.explosive adj. 爆炸的,激增的111. export v. 出口export n.import v. 进口112. express v. 表达expression n.113. face v. 面对face n. 脸facial adj. 面部的114. fail v. 失败failure n.115. fair adj. 十分的，公平的fairly adv. 相当地116. fame n. 名声，名望famous adj.117. finance v. 筹资金finance n. 财政;金融financial adj.118. fluent adj. 流畅的fluency n.fluently adv.119. follow v. 跟踪；跟着following adj. 接着的,下列的120. fortune n. 好运，财富fortunate adj. 幸运的unfortunate adj.misfortune n. 不幸121. free v. 释放,使空闲freedom n.free adj. 自由的，免费的freely adv.122. freeze v. 使结冰freezing adj. 冰冻的frozen adj. 结冰的123. friend n. 朋友friendly adj.friendship n. 友谊124. frighten v. 使惊恐fright n.frightenedfrightening adj.125. furnish v. 陈设,布置furniture n. 家具furnished adj. 配备家具的well-furnished adj.布置齐备的126. globe n. 地球仪global adj. 全球的；世界的globalization全球化globalize v. 全球化127. govern v. 统治；管理governor n. 统治者government n. 政府128. graduate v. 毕业graduation n. 毕业graduate n. 毕业生129. grow v. 成长，增长growth n. 成长；发育；增长130. happy adj. 快乐的，幸福的happiness n.unhappy adj.happilyunhappily adv.131. hard adj. 硬的；困难的harden v. 使变硬hardness n. 硬度hardship n. 苦难hard adv.拼命地；艰难地hardly adv. 几乎不132. harm v. 伤害harm n.harmful adj.harmless adj.133. health n. 健康healthy adj.healthily adv.134. high adj. 高height n. 高度highly adv. 高度地135. help v. 帮助help n.helpful adj.helpless adj. 无助的136. hesitate v. 犹豫hesitation n.hesitant adj.137. hope v. 希望hope n.hopeful adj.hopeless adj. hopelessness n. 绝望138. horror n. 恐怖；惊恐horrible adj.horribly adv.139. humor n. 幽默humorous adj. 幽默的140. hunger n. 饥饿hungry adj.hungrily adv.141. legal adj. 合法的illegal 违法的legally adv.142. imagine v. 想像imagination n. 想像力imaginative adj. 想像力丰富的imaginable adj. 可想象的imaginary adj. 虚构的143. important adj. 重要的importance n. 重要性unimportant adj.144. impress v. 印；压印impression n. 印象impressive adj. 给人深刻印象的145. improve v. 提高；改良improvement n. 改良；进步146. industry n. 工业industrial adj. 工业的industrially adv.在工业方面147. injure v. 伤害injury n.injured adj.148. inspire v. 鼓舞，激发inspiration n.inspiredinspiring adj.149. instruct v. 指示/教育instruction n.instructive adj. 有教育意义的instructor n. 指导者，导师150. intend v. 打算，想要intention n. 意图intentional adj. 有意的；故意的151. interest v. 使有兴趣interest n. 兴趣interested interesting adj.152. interview v. 面试interviewer 面试官interviewee n. 面试者153. introduce v. 介绍，引进introduction n. 介绍154. invent v. 发明invention n.inventor n. 发明者155. invite v. 邀请invitation n. 请帖156. job n. 工作jobless adj.失业的157. judge v. 判断judge n. 法官judg(e)ment n. 判断力；裁判158. just adj. 公平的，正义的justice n. 公平，正义159. know v. 知道knowledge n. 知识known adj. 被知晓的；出名的well-known adj.unknown adj.160. kind adj. 体贴的，慈祥的kindly adv. 体贴地，慈祥地kindness n. 仁慈，善良161. large adj.largely adv. 多半enlarge v. 扩大162. lazy adj. 懒惰的laziness n. 懒惰lazily adv.163. laugh v. 笑laughter n. 笑，笑声164. limit v. 限制limited adj. 有限的165. lead v. 领导；引导leading adj. 领先的；主要的leader n.mislead（v) 给带错路;带坏166. learn v. 学习learned adj.有学问的learner n. 学习者learning n.学问；知识167. long adj. 长的length n. 长度lengthen v. 使变长168. live v. 生活, 居住life n. 生活；生命live adj. 现场的living有生命的，alive 活着的169. locate v. 位于location n. 位置be located in位于170. lose v. 损失；失败loss n. 损失lost adj. 失踪的；失去的171. magic adj. 有魔法的magician n. 魔术师172. major v. 主修；专攻major n. 专业majority n. 大多数173. manage v. 管理manager经理manageress女经理management n. 管理174. marry v. 结婚marriage n. 婚姻married adj. 已婚的unmarried adj. 未婚的175. medicine n. 药medical adj. 医药的；医学的176. mess v. 把...搞乱mess n. 混乱messy adj. 混乱的177. minor adj. 较小的；较少的minority n. 少数民族178. misunderstand v. 误会misunderstanding n. misunderstood adj. 被误会的179. move v. 移动;前进movement n. (政治) 运动;活动moving adj. 活动的;感动人的moved adj. 受感动的180. music n. 音乐musical adj. 音乐的musician n. 音乐家181. mean v. 意思是，意味着meaning n. 意义mean adj. 吝啬的182. mistake n. v.mistaken adj.183. mix v. 混合mixture n. 混合物184. mountain n. 山mountainous adj. 多山的185. name n. 名字name v. 给…取名namely adv即;那就是186. nation n. 国家;民族national adj. 国家的;民族的nationality n. 国籍international adj. 国际的187. nature n. 自然natural adj. 自然的;天然的naturally adv.188. necessary adj. 必需的;必然的necessity n. 必要性;必需品necessarily adv.189. nerve n. 神经;胆量nervous adj. 神经的;紧张的nervously adv. 紧张地;神经质地190. noise n. 喧闹声;嘈杂声noisy adj. 喧闹的noisily adv. 吵闹地191. normal adj. 正常的normally adv.abnormal adj. 不正常的192. obey v. 服从，听从disobey (反义)193. observe v. 观察observation n.observable adj. 可观察到的194. occupy v. 占有，使忙于occupation n. 职业，占领occupied adj. 已被占用的195. offend v. 冒犯offence n. 冒犯offensive adj. 无礼的，冒犯的196. operate v. 运作，操作operation n. 手术; 操作operator n. 操作员cooperate v. 合作，配合，协助197. oppose v. 反对opposite adj. 对面的; 相对的; 对立的198. option n. 选项; 选择权; 选择optional adj. 可选的199. organize v. 组织organization n.organized adj. 有组织的organizer n. 组织者200. origin n. 起源，根源originate v.original adj. 最初的201. pain n. 痛苦painful adj.painless adj. 无痛的202. participate v. 参与participation n.participant n. 参赛者203. patience n. 耐心patient adj.impatient adj.204. peace n. 和平，太平peaceful adj. 和平的，平静的205. perform v. 表演，表现performance n.performer n.演奏者; 执行者206. permit v. 允许permission n. 许可，允许207. person n. 人personal adj.个人的，私人的personality n.个性，人品208. physics n. 物理physical adj. 物理的，身体的physicist n. 物理学家209. persuade v. 劝说persuasive adj. 有说服力的; 劝诱的210. please v. 取悦pleasure n. 愉快; 娱乐pleasing adj. 令人满意的pleased 满意的pleasant 令人愉快的unpleasant 令人不愉快的pleasant 和pleasing的区别1). 当表示“令人愉快的，惬意的”时，二者可互换。
高考英语常用词词性转换及派生(可编辑修改word版)
advantage
disadvantage
事故
accident
accidentally
使上瘾
addict
addition
addicted /addictive
addict
做广告
advertise
advertisement
advertiser
影响,打动
affect
effect
机构
agent
agency
欢呼
cheer
cheer
cheerful
cheerfully
化学
chemistry
chemical
chemist
小孩
child
childish
childhood
选择
choose
choice
chosen
文明的
civilize
civilization
civilized
澄清
clarify
clarification
常用词词性转换及派生
词义
动词v.
名词n.
形容词adj.
反义词
其他派生词
使能够
enable
ability/disability
able
disable
disabled/unable
不正常的
abnormal
normal
缺席
absence
absent
学术的
academy
academic
加速
accelerate
平衡
balance
balance
balanced
以…为基础
base
高考英语常用词词性转换及派生
常用词词性转换及派生词义动词v.名词n.形容词adj.反义词其他派生词使能够enable ability/disability able disable disabled/unable 不正常的abnormal normal缺席absence absent学术的academy academic加速accelerate acceleration接受accept acceptance acceptable unacceptable接进access access accessible住宿accommodate accommodation积累accumulate accumulation陪伴accompany company精确的accuracy accurate inaccurate达到，获得achieve achievement achievable获得，习得acquire acquisition表演，行动act action /act /activity active inactive actual/actually 适应，改编adapt adaptation增加，add addition additional足够adequacy adequate调整/使适应adjust adjustment敬佩admire admiration admirable承认admit admission收养，采纳adopt adoption adopted前进advance advance advanced好处advantage disadvantage事故accident accidentally使上瘾addict addition addicted /addictive addict做广告advertise advertisement advertiser影响,打动affect effect机构agent agency侵略，侵犯aggression aggressive aggressor农业agriculture agricultural同意agree agreement agreeable disagree disagreement 分配allocate allocation允许allow allowance allowable使吃惊amaze amazement amazing/amazed抱负ambition ambitious逗乐、娱乐amuse amusement amusing/amused分析analyze analysis生气anger angry通知announce announcement使烦恼annoy annoyance annoying/annoyed期望anticipate anticipation焦虑，焦急anxiety anxious anxiously鼓掌applaud applause约定appoint appointment道歉apologize apology出现appear appearance disappear disappearance申请apply applicant application欣赏appreciate appreciation appreciable靠近，方法approach approach approachable批准；认可approve approval disapproval争吵，争论argue argument arguable安排arrange arrangement到达arrive arrival评估，评价assess assessment帮助assist assistant/assistance联系associate association假定，假设assume assumption确保assure assurance使惊讶astonish astonishment astonishing(ed)运动员athlete athletic原子atom atomic附上，依恋attach attachment吸引attract attraction attractive unattractive attractively知道的awareness aware unaware烤bake bakery平衡balance balance balanced以…为基础base basis，base basic basement洗澡bathe bath bathtub生，忍受bear birth bearable unbearable birthday/birthplace 美化beautify beauty beautiful beautifully开始begin beginner beginning表现behave behavior相信believe belief believable unbelievable believably有益的benefit beneficial背叛betray betrayal盲的blindness blind blindly流血bleed blood bloody bleeding(n.)使烦闷bore bored/boring勇敢bravery brave bravely简洁的brief briefly打碎break broken呼吸breathe breath breathless breathlessly晒，烧burn burnt忙碌business busy businessman计算calculate calculation有能力的capability/capacity capable关心，喜欢care care careful/careless carefully/carelessly 偶然的casual casually小心caution caution cautious庆祝celebrate celebration celebrated celebrity中心centre central挑战challenge challenge challenging改变change change changeable unchangeable特点character characteristic（&n.）欢呼cheer cheer cheerful cheerfully化学chemistry chemical chemist小孩child childish childhood 选择choose choice chosen文明的civilize civilization civilized澄清clarify clarification分类classify class classic/ classical classification 靠近的close closely关闭close close closed收集collect collection collective结合combine combination舒适comfort comfort comfortable uncomfortable discomfort商业commerce c ommercial承诺commit commitment沟通communicate communication communicative陪伴accompany company/companion比较compare comparison comparable comparative赔偿compensate compensation竞争compete competition/competitive competitorcompetence抱怨complain complaint信心confidence confident confidential关心；有关concern concern concerned unconcerned concerning总结conclude conclusion指挥conduct conductor使混淆confuse confusion confusing/confused祝贺congratulate congratulation连接connect connection connected意识consciousness conscious unconscious后果consequence consequent consequently 保存，保护conserve conservation conservative考虑consider consideration considerate considerable 构建construct construction咨询consult consultant消耗consume consumption矛盾contradict contradictory贡献contribute contribution方便，便利convenience convenient inconvenient inconveniently 习俗convention conventional使相信convince convincing纠正correct correction correct腐败corruption corrupt鼓励encourage courage courageous discourage encouragement 覆盖cover cover covered uncovered创造create creation creative creativity犯罪crime/ criminal criminal批评的criticize critic/criticism critical拥挤的crowd crowded残忍cruelty cruel文化culture cultural好奇的curiosity curious骑自信车cycle cyclist recycle危险endanger danger dangerous endangered 死die death dead deadly决定decide decision decisive宣布declare declaration装饰decorate decoration防卫，保护defend defence定义define definition故意的deliberate deliberately 高兴delight delight delighted delightful投递deliver delivery要求demand demand demanding否认，拒绝deny denial离开depart departure依赖depend dependence dependent independent independence 沮丧depress depression depressed深deepen depth deep deeply描述describe description绝望的desperation desperate desperately 破坏destroy destruction决定determine determination determined发展；晒相develop development developed developing 献身，奉献devote devotion devoted区别,不同differ、differentiatedifference different differently困难difficulty difficult指挥，指示direct direction/director direct directly使失望disappoint disappointment disappointing(ed)使泄气discourage discouragement discouraging(ed)发现discover discovery歧视，区分discriminate discrimination讨论discuss discussion恶心disgust disgust disgusting/ed距离distance distant分配distribute distribution打扰disturb disturbing分开，分成divide division divided捐献donate donation喝drink drinker drunk昏暗的dusk dusky灰尘dust dusty经济economy economic/ economical economist 编辑edit edition editor教育educate education/educator educational效率efficient efficiency年长的elder elderly选举elect election电electricity electric/ electronic electrical优雅elegance elegant尴尬embarrass embarrassment embarrassed/ing紧急emergency emergent情绪emotion emotional强调emphasize emphasis雇用employ employment employed unemployed employer(ee)鼓励encourage encouragement e ncouraging/ed结束end end/ending endless活力，能量energy energetic享受enjoy enjoyment enjoyable joyful扩大enlarge large询问enquire enquiry进入enter entry/entrance娱乐entertain entertainment热情enthusiasm enthusiastic环境environment environmental environmentalist 嫉妒envy envious平等equate/equalequality equal unequal equally设备equip equipment评估，评价evaluate evaluation迹象evidence evident进化evolve evolution确切exact exactly例外exception except使兴奋excite excitement excited/exciting展览，展出exhibit exhibition存在exist existence期望,预期expect expectation expected unexpected unexpectedly 花费expense expensive经历experience experience experienced解释；说明explain explanation爆炸explode explosion explosive探索explore exploration/explorer暴露，揭示expose exposure出口export export import表达express expression延长，延伸extend extension极端的extreme extremely 面对face face facial失败fail failure忠诚faith faithful名声，名望fame famous时尚fashion fashionable感觉feel feeling最后final finally财政;金融finance finance financial牢固的firm firmly健康，适合fitness fit灵活的，有弹性的flexibility flexible流畅fluency fluent fluently 雾fog foggy跟踪；跟着follow following愚弄fool fool foolish外国的foreigner foreign忘记forget forgetfulness forgetful（健忘的）forgettable(易忘记的)unforgettable运气fortune fortunate unfortunate misfortune 建立found foundation脆弱fragility fragile芬芳fragrance fragrant自由free freedom free freely使结冰freeze freezing frozen频繁frequency frequent frequently 朋友friend friendly friendship使惊恐frighten fright frightened /frightening霜frost frosty乐趣fun funny陈设,布置furnish furniture furnished well-furnished 大体的general generally慷慨generosity generous基因gene genetic礼物，才能gift gifted地球globalize globe global globalization光荣glory glorious统治；管理govern governor government优雅grace graceful逐渐的gradual gradually毕业graduate graduation graduate感激gratitude grateful问候，招呼greet greeting成长，增长grow growth指导guide guidance内疚，罪行guilt guilty手hand hand handy快乐，幸福happiness happy unhappy happily/unhappily 使变硬harden hardship hard hard(adv)伤害harm harm harmful harmless和谐harmony harmonious恨hate hatred hateful健康health healthy healthily听力hear hearing高height high highly 高度地帮助help help helpful helpless犹豫hesitate hesitation hesitant历史history historic historical诚实honest honesty希望hope hope hopeful hopeless hopelessness恐怖；惊恐horror horrible horribly幽默humor humorous饥饿hunger hungry hungrily身份identify identity identification无视，忽视ignore ignorance ignorant合法legal illegal legally说明，阐明illustrate illustrationimaginary（想象的）想像imagine imagination imaginative模仿imitate imitation移民immigrate immigration immigrant重要importance important unimportant可能possibility possible impossible impossibility印象impress impression impressive提高；改良improve improvement包含，包括include including工业industry industrial industrially 感染infect infection infected膨胀，夸大inflate inflation inflated告知inform information伤害injure injury injured清白，无辜innocence innocent创新innovate innovation检查，视察inspect inspection鼓舞，激发inspire inspiration inspired/inspiring立刻instant instant instantly指示/教育instruct instruction instructive instructor 保险insure insurance智力intellect intellectual/intelligent intelligence 打算，想要intend intention intentional互动，相互interact interaction作用兴趣interest interest interested/interesting口译；解释interpret interpretation interpreter 打断interrupt interruption采访interview interviewer/ee介绍，引进introduce introduction发明invent invention inventor调查investigate investigation邀请invite invitationinvolve involvement involved工作job jobless欢乐joy joyful判断judge judge judgment 正义justify justice善良kindness kind知道know knowledge known unknown well-known 大enlarge large笑laugh laughter懒惰laziness lazy lazily领导；引导lead leader/leadership leading mislead（v) 学习learn learner learned长lengthen length long解放liberate liberation/liberty可能like likely unlikely有限的limit limit limited limitaition文学literature literary literally生活live life live/lively living/ alive位于locate location be located in逻辑logic logical illogicalloosen loose loosely损失；失败lose loss lost魔术，魔法magician magic magic成熟mature immature幸运luck lucky主要的major major majority管理manage manager management结婚marry marriage married unmarried药medicine medical大量mass massive意思mean meaning记忆memorize memory memorial精神的mental mentally仁慈mercy merciful把...搞乱mess mess messy迁移migrate migration最小量minimum maximum少数minority minor悲惨misery miserable误会misunderstand misunderstanding misunderstood understand understanding(n.)错误mistake mistake mistaken道德的moral immoral刺激motivate motivation motivated山mountain mountainous移动;前进move movement moving moved泥mud muddy相乘multiply multiple谋杀murder murder/murderer音乐music musical musician神秘的mystery mysterious名字name name namely(adv)国家;民族nation/ nationality national international自然nature natural unnatural naturally 必需的necessity necessary unnecessary necessarily 谈判negotiate negotiation紧张的nerve nervous nervously 喧闹的noise noisy noisily正常的normal abnormal normally 数量number numerous营养nutrition nutritious服从，听从obey disobey物体，宾语object objective观察observe observation observable占据occupy occupation occupied冒犯offend offence offensive defend官方office official officer运作，操作operate operation/operatoroperative cooperate反对oppose opposition opposite选择option optional组织organize organization organized organizer 起源originate origin original痛苦pain painful painless惊慌panic panic panicky参与participate participation participant 耐心patience patient impatient和平peace peaceful表演，表现perform performance performer 允许permit permission人person personal personality /personally劝说persuade persuasive哲学的philosophy philosophical物理physics physical取悦please pleasure pleased pleasant毒药poison poisonous礼貌politeness polite impolite政治politics political politician污染pollute pollutionpollutant（污染物）流行popularity popular拥有，持有possess possession可能possibility possible impossible力量power powerful实践practice practice practical祈祷pray prayer预测predict prediction predictable unpredictable宁愿，情愿prefer preference preferable准备prepare preparation prepared unprepared处方prescribe prescription展示present presentation presenter 保护preserve preservation压力press pressure防止prevent prevention preventable价格price priceless优先prior priority监狱prison prisoner 步骤proceed procedure生产produce production productive product，produce r职业，专业profession professional unprofessional professor促进，提升promote promotion发音pronounce pronunciation建议propose proposal保护protect protection protective protect or证明prove proof骄傲pride proud心理psychology psychological psychologically 出版publish publication惩罚punish punishment困惑puzzle puzzle puzzled/puzzling资格qualify qualification qualified unqualified种族race racial racism/racist 放射radiation radioactive反应react reaction意识，实现realize realization real reality/really 理论reason reason reasonable unreasonable接收receive receiver/receptionreceipt/receptionist意识recognize recognition推荐recommend recommendation恢复recover recovery提及，查阅refer reference referee 反射，反映reflect reflection reflective拒绝refuse refusal看作regard regards regardless regarding 区域region regional登记register registration规律regulation regular irregular拒绝reject rejection关系relate relation related relative/relationship放松relax relaxation relaxing，relaxed有关系的relevant irrelevant依靠rely reliability reliable unreliable欣慰relieve relief relieved宗教religion religious剩余remain remains remaining移动remove removal代表represent representative representative要求require requirement解救、拯救rescue rescue rescuer相似resemble resemblance保存reserve reservation辞职resign resignation抵抗，排斥resist resistance resistant irresistible 回应respond response责任responsibility responsible irresponsible尊敬respect respect respectful respectable 方面respect respective respectively 限制restrict restriction restricted退休retire retirement retired复习，评论review/revise revision reviewer修订revise revision抢劫rob robbery粗鲁，无礼rudeness rude rudely安全safety safe盐salt salty满足satisfy satisfaction satisfied/satisfying satisfactory缺乏的scarce scarcely吓唬scare scared scary科学science scientific scientist安全secure security secure insecure选择select selection selected自己self selfish unselfish selfless感官sense sensitive insensitive sensitivity分开separate separation separately为…服务serve service servant安定，居住settle settlement settled settlerseverity severe severelysex sexual/sexy羞愧，羞耻shame shameful shameless ashamed尖，锋利sharpen sharpener sharp sharply刮shave shaver缺乏shortage short疾病sick sickness看见see sight insight(n)签字sign signal/signature重要significance significant安静silence silent相似similarity similar简单simplify simplification simple simply真诚sincerity sincere sincerely技巧skill s killed/skillful奴隶slave slave slavery睡觉sleep sleep sleepy闻smell smelly顺利smooth smoothly下雪snow snowy社会socialize society social socialist, socialism 解决solve solution悲伤sorrow sorrowful特别的specialist special specialize精神spirit spiritual稳定stability stable污点stain stainless（使）挨饿starve starvation陈述state statement statesman储藏store storage store(n) 陌生的stranger strange强，有力strengthen strength strong压力stress stress stressed stressful 风格style stylish stylist 主体subject subjective顺从submit submission订阅subscribe subscription成功succeed success successful遭受suffer suffering建议suggest suggestion适合suit suitable总结summarize summary卓越的superior super/superb /superior支持support support supportive supporter围绕surround surroundings surrounding幸存survive survival survivor象征symbolize symbol symbolic同情sympathize sympathy sympathetic系统system systematic口味，品味taste taste tasty tasteless技术technique technical technology倾向tend tendency紧张tension tense恐怖terrify terror terrified/terrifying terrorism/terrorist 理论theory theoretical盗窃thief theft渴thirst thirsty想，思想think thought thoughtful thinking威胁threaten threat使兴奋thrill thriller thrilled thrilling使劳累tire tiredness tiring, tired tiresome忍受tolerate tolerance/tolerationtolerant/ tolerableintolerant/intolerable触摸touch touch touched touching旅游,巡演tour tour tourism/tourist 传统tradition traditional变形，变化transform transformation transformer翻译translate translation translat or对待，治疗treat treat /treatment treaty麻烦trouble troublesome真实的trust truth true truly尝试，审讯try trial麻烦trouble troublesome真实的truth true truly类别type typical typist理解understand understanding understandable宇宙universe universal university催促urge urge urgent使用use use useful/useless user通常usual usually有效的validity valid invalid价值value value valuable valueless Invaluable类别vary variety various违反，触犯violate violation暴力violence violent violently火山volcano volcanic志愿volunteer volunteer voluntary voluntarily侍候wait waiting waiter/waitress 温暖warm warmth warm警告warn warning浪费waste waste waste wasteful挥动wave wave wavy弱weaken weakness weak财富wealth wealthy每周week weekly疲惫wear worn重量weigh weight宽widen width wide widespread愿意will will willing unwilling unwillingness 智慧的wisdom wise皱纹wrinkle wrinkled奇迹wonder wonder wonderful木wood wooden羊毛wool woolen担心worry worry worried糟糕的worse worsen价值worth worthless worthwhile/worthy 伤害wound wound wounded年轻youth young youngster拉链zip zipper。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
期末考试必备：语法填空常用词词性转换及派生高考改革后，在语法填空中，出现了一部分词性转换的题。
这部分主要考查对词形转化的把握。
词形变化主要体现在名词、动词、形容词、副词及反义词上面。
但学生在学习中，对英语单词的词形变化要么容易混淆，要么就是没有注意词形变化。
一遇到这样的考题就会出错，很重要的一个原因是因为对这类问题缺乏系统、全面的了解。
词形的变化主要有以下两种：一、指由一种词性转化为另一种词性的构词形式；二、派生:指由一个词根加上前缀和(或)后缀构成另一个词的构词形式（1. 前缀:一般而言，前缀只改变词的含义，并不改变词的词性，有些前缀如en-，under- 等却使原词改变了词性。
2. 后缀: 通常情况下，后缀不但改变词，还改变词性，常见的后缀有动词后缀、副词后缀、形容词后缀和名词后缀。