高考英语阅读--细节理解

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2024届高考英语(新高考通用)压轴真题专项练习——阅读理解CD篇(观念、事理、现象类)含答案

2024届高考英语(新高考通用)压轴真题专项练习——阅读理解CD篇(观念、事理、现象类)含答案

2024届高考英语(新高考通用)压轴真题专项练习——阅读理解CD篇(观念、事理、现象类)命题预测强的时代感。

从近年全国卷和各地高考试卷中科普类阅读命题的统计来看,高考阅读理解科普类文章的理论性和逻辑性强、生词多、句式结构复杂体现。

命题尊重语篇的文体特征和行文特点,考查了考生理解说明文语篇的能力,以及灵活运用各种阅读策略提取、归纳所读信息的能力,尤其加大了对概括能力和推断能力等高阶思维能力的考查。

预测1、说明文基本规律及解题要领高考中科普类阅读理解一般不给标题,反而经常要求考生选择最佳标题。

说明文一般采用如下四部分:首段:一般即是文章的主题段,开门见山点明新发明或研究对象。

背景: 交代问题的现状或研究的起因。

主干: 部分介绍研究所取得的突破,作者往往会详细介绍研究对象、研究方法、研究理论或具体的实验、统计等过程。

结尾: 通常会再次对中心进行概括、重述研究成果、预计的市场未来等与主题呼应。

二、说明文的解题技巧1. 运用语篇结构(text structure),了解文章大意科普说明文主题鲜明、脉络清晰,行文结构模式较为固定。

弄清文本结构有助于把握文章主旨和阅读重点。

观念事理现象类说明文阐述抽象事理、现象的成因、原理、本质、规律等内容。

结构上一般采用上述四个部分,说明手法上常使用以下说明方法:描述法(包括举例子、下定义、列数据等)、因果法、问题与比较法。

实验研究型文章一般会以实验的过程进展为线索,多用描述法、问题与对策法等方法,通过列数据、做对比等来说明新的科学研究发现及其产生的影响。

阅读时,首先用略读法快速浏览每段的首尾句,根据英语说明文思维模式特征,作者一般都会开门见山,直奔主题。

结尾通常也是中心思想的概括,并与导语相呼应。

因此在做主旨大意、写作意图和最佳标题等题目时,需要重点关注首尾段落里面高频复现的词汇和内容。

2. 定位标志词,分析长难句,进行逻辑推理判断每一个问题,在原文中,都要有一个定位。

然后精读,找出那个标志词或者中心句。

2025届高考英语阅读细节理解题三步法带练(16)讲义

2025届高考英语阅读细节理解题三步法带练(16)讲义

一、高考英语阅读细节题三步法:第一步,初步读题干,弄清楚关键词所在位置和明确答题方向第二步,迅速定位和找出题干关键词相关的近义词,反义词或者解释性信息,最好明确句间逻辑关系和段间逻辑关系(因果,递进,解释,转折,对比,比较等关系)第三步,利用正确选项特点,确定答案(明确近义词替换原文信息,关注变换原文语态词性或词形,简化或概括原文,正话反说)二、高考英语阅读细节题三步法带练Key railway stations in EnglandSt Pancras InternationalLocated in London's city center on Euston Road, St Pancras International is one of the leading terminals (终点站) for Eurostar international train services from London to France, Belgium and the Netherlands.St Pancras station was established in 1868 and is one of the masterpieces of Victorian engineering. It impresses people with Victorian Gothic architecture and is one of the world's most elegant railway stations.Paddington railway stationPaddington railway station is also known as Paddington Underground Station. Situated in Paddington, central London, the station is close to Marylebone and Bayswater. Paddington was opened in 1838 and is the London terminal of services operated by the Great Western Railway. King's Cross railway stationLocated on the edge of Central London in the UK, King's Cross station, or London King's Cross, is one of the country's busiest stations. It was opened in 1845 and named in honor of King George IV.Today, London King's Cross is one of the main hubs (中心) of the UK railway routes, connecting many major cities, including Edinburgh, Inverness, York, Cambridge, Newcastle, Glasgow and many other domestic routes. What's more, the famous Harry Potter platform 9³/ ₄is set on London's King's Cross station.Liverpool Lime Street railway stationLiverpool Lime Street is the central railway station in Liverpool, England. Established in 1836, the station is the oldest still-in-use grand terminal mainline station in the world. Plus, the building itself is quite impressive; its front was designed in the Renaissance Revival style.Trips from Liverpool Lime Street cover plenty of destinations across England, Wales and Scotland. And being the busiest station in Liverpool, it serves over 16 million passengers a year.1. Which station was put in use the latest of all?A. St Pancras International.B. Paddington railway station.C. King's Cross railway station.D. Liverpool Lime Street railway station.第一步,初步读题干,弄清楚关键词所在位置和明确答题方向1.Which station was put in use the latest of all?哪一个车站投入使用的最晚?第二步,迅速定位和找出题干关键词相关的近义词,反义词或者解释性信息,最好明确句间逻辑关系和段间逻辑关系(因果,递进,解释,转折,对比,比较等关系)St Pancras station was established in 1868and is one of the masterpieces of Victorian engineering. It impresses people with Victorian Gothic architecture and is one of the world's most elegant railway stations.圣潘克拉斯车站建于1868年,是维多利亚时代工程的杰作之一。

高考英语阅读理解专题训练:4阅读理解细节理解四附参考答案

高考英语阅读理解专题训练:4阅读理解细节理解四附参考答案

阅读理解-细节理解四1、 A new commodity brings about a highly profitable,fast-growing industry,urging antitrust(反垄断)regulators to step in to check those who control its flow. A century ago ,the resource in question was oil. Now similar concerns ares being raised by the giants(巨头)that deal in data, the oil of the digital age. The most valuable firms are Google,Amazon, Facebook and Microsoft. All look unstoppable.Such situations have led to calls for the tech giants to be broken up. But size alone is not a crime,The giants' success has benefited consumers. Few want to live without search engines or a quick delivery, Far from charging consumers high prices, many of these services are free (users pay, in effect, by handing over yet more data). And the appearance of new-born giants suggests that newcomers can make waves, too.But there is cause for concern. The internet has made data abundant,all-present and far more valuable, changing the nature of data and competition. Google initially used the data collected from users to target advertising better. But recently it has discovered that data can be turned into new services: translation and visual recognition, to be sold to other companies. Internet companies’ control of data gives them enormous power. So they have a “God’s eye view” of activities in their own markets and beyond.This nature of data makes the antitrust measures of the past less useful. Breaking up firms like Google into five small ones would not stop remaking themselves: in time, one of them would become great again. A rethink is required—and as a new approach starts to become apparent, two ideas stand out.The first is that antitrust authorities need to move form the industrial age into the21st century. When considering a merger(兼并),for example, they have traditionally used size to determine when to step in. They now need to take into account the extent of firms' data assets(资产) when assessing the impact of deals. The purchase price could also be a signal that an established company is buying a new-borm threat. Whenthis takes place,especially when a new-born company has no revenue to speak of, the regulators should raise red flags.The second principle is to loosen the control that providers of on-line services have over data and give more to those who supply panies could be forced to consumers what information they hold and how many money they make form emments could order the sharing of certain kinds of data, with users' consent.Restarting antitrust for the information age will not be easy But if govemments don't wants a data oconomy by a few giants, they must act soon.1.Why is there a call to break up giants?A.They have controlled the data marketB.They collect enormous private dataC.They no longer provide free servicesD.They dismissed some new-born giants2.What does the technological innovation in Paragraph 3 indicate?A.Data giants’ technology is very expensiveB.Google’s idea is popular among data firmsC.Data can strengthen giants’ controlling positi onD.Data can be turned into new services or products3.By paying attention to firms’ data assets, antitrust regulatorscould .A.kill a new threatB.avoid the size trapC.favour bigger firmsD.charge higher prices4.What is the purpose o f loosening the giants’ control of data?A.Big companies could relieve data security pressure.ernments could relieve their financial pressure.C.Consumers could better protect their privacy.D.Small companies could get more opportunities.2 、 El Nin o, a Spanish term for “the Christ child”, was named by South American fisherman who noticed that the global weather pattern, which happens every two to seven years, reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas. El Nifio sees warm water, collected over several years in the western Pacific, flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken, or sometimes the other way round.The weather effects both good and bad, are felt in many places. Rich countries gain more from powerful Niños, on balance, than they lose. A study found that a strong Niño in 1997 helped American’s economy grow by 15 billion, partly because of better agricultural harvest, farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain. The total rise in agricultural in rich countries in growth than the fall in poor ones.But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames. A multi-year drought (干旱)in south-east Brazil is becoming worse. Though heavy rains brought about by El Niño may relieve the drought in California, th ey are likely to cause surface flooding and other disasters.The most recent powerful Niño, in 1997-98, killed around 21,000 people and caused damage worth $36 billion around the globe. But such Niños come with months of warning, and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare. According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI), however, just 12% of disaster-relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance, rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards. This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on risk-reduction saves at least two on reconstruction.Simple improvements to infrastructure (基础设施)can reduce the spread of disease. Better sewers (下水道)make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach. Stronger bridges mean villages are less likely to be left without food and medicine after floods. According to a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and co-authors, civil conflict is related to El Niño's harmful effects—and the poorer the country, the stronger the link. Though the relationship may not be causal, helping divided communities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that those disasters are followed by killing and woundingpeople. Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Niño, reducing their losses needs to be the priority.1.What can we learn about El Nino in Paragraph 1?A.It is named after a South American fisherman.B.It takes place almost every year all over the world.C.It forces fishermen to stop catching fish around Christmas.D.It sees the changes of water flow direction in the ocean.2.What may El Niños bring about to the countries affected?A.Agricultural harvests in rich countries fall.B.Droughts become more harmful than floods.C.Rich countries’ gains are greater than their losses.D.Poor countries suffer less from droughts economically.3.The data provided by ODI in Paragraph 4 suggest that_________.A.more investment should go to risk reductionernments of poor countries need more aidC.victims of El Niño deserve more compensationD.recovery and reconstruction should come first4.What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?A.To introduce El Niño and its origin.B.To explain the consequences of El Niño.C.To show ways of fighting against El Niño.D.To urge people to prepare for El Niño.3、While WeChat is China's biggest mobile messaging app (应用软件),there are many equivalent(相当的) apps in other countries that offer similar features(特征).WhatsApp (US)Users: more than 300 millionPlatforms: Android, 10S, Windows Phone, BlackBerryFeatures:Text chat, push-to-talk, file sharing, location sharingWith more than 300 million active users, WhatsApp is one of WeChat's biggest competitors. Developed by two ex-Yahoo! employees in 2009, WhatsApp originally focused on text chat, but onAug6 it also started push - to - talk service. It's noted for its accessibility, ease of use and the absence of advertisements. The service is free for the first year, after which $0.99 (6.06 yuan) is charged for one-year subscription.Kakao Talk (South Korea)Users: more than 100 millionPlatforms: Android, iOS, Windows Phone, BlackBerry and Bada (an operateing system developed by Samsung)Features: Text chat, group chat, push - to - talk, group calls, file sharingWith more than 100 million users in more than 230 countries, Kakao Talk is a multi - platform ( 多平台 ) texting application that allows users to send and receive messages for free. With Kakao Talk, users can message each other one-on one or in group chats with unlimited numbers of friends. You can also choose from more than 250 animated emoticons (表情符号) and share them with friends.Line (Japan)Users: more than 200 millionPlatforms: Android, iOS, Windows Phone, BlackBerry and PCFeatures:Text chat, group chat, push - to - talk, file sharing, location sharing, gaming, stickers.Line tops the list of the most downloaded free apps in 52 countries. Apart from text and voice messaging, Line provides its users with more than 250 original stickers and emoticons to buy from its own shop. In the first quarter of 2013 alone. it made $ ,7 million just from stickers. The popular app also allows friends to battle each other in the LINE Game.1.The first paragraph of the passage is used to _______.A.introduce the most popular mobile messaging apps in ChinaB.talk about new features in the latest mobile messaging appsC.draw readers' attention to various popular mobile messaging appsD.explain how mobile messaging apps have become so popularpared with the other two apps, which of the following features makes Line stand out?A.Group mobile games.B.Free stickers and emoticons.C.Free download of the app.D.Text and group chat.3.One of the popular features of WhatsApp is that users_______.A.can send and receive messages for freeB.can enjoy live video chats within groupsC.don't need to worry about unwanted adsD.regularly set free stickers and emoticons4、 During the past Spring Festival, many children may have received red packets from their families. But Xing Pu, a 40-year-old economist, is asking the government to give red packets to every Chinese citizen.Xing suggested the government give out 1,000 yuan to each Chinese since the government income has increased rapidly in recent years. He said his suggestion would allow everyone to directly enjoy the fruits of the country’s economic success, help the lower-income groups deal with rising prices and increase consumption(消费)around the country.Recent years have seen the government carry out a series of pro-poor(扶贫)and pro-rural(惠农)policies(政策),including increasing spending on public health-care and cutting down the agricultural tax. But the lower-income group still needs more help.Xing said he has borrowed many ideas from practices in countries like theUnited StatesandSingapore. Earlier this year, the governments of the two nations offered cash handouts(救济)to their citizens. As for inC hina, “We can even encourage the rich to donate their 1,000 yuan red packet to the poor,” said Xing.Although Xing’s suggestion has gained wide support among ordinary Chinese on the Internet, many other economists criticized it as unpractical. “To bett er use the increase of money, handing out money is not a solution that holds good for all time. It could be better to improve the public service or cut the price of energy use in daily life,” said Qiao Xinsheng, an economic professor.1.Xing Pu suggested that the government give out 1,000 yuan to each Chinese because ________.A.the poor should get help from the richB.the government should help the richC.the growing economic pie should be shared among the peopleD.the government doesn’t know how to use th e money2.What has the government done to help the lower-income group?A.Spending less on public health care.B.Increasing the agricultural tax.C.Handing out money to every Chinese.D.Carrying out pro-poor and pro-rural policies.3.Xing Pu’s ideas of givi ng red packets to every Chinese citizen mainly came from ________.A.children receiving red packets from their familiesB.the US andSingaporegovernments offering cash handouts to their citizensC.the government’s increasing spending on public health careD.the rising prices in the country4.According to Qiao Xinsheng, what is better than giving out money?A.Supplying food to everyone every day.B.Cutting the price of energy use in daily life.C.Controlling the rising of prices.D.Increasing the government income.5、 Rock music in one form or another is the most popular type of music all over the world. But where did it come from?Rock began in the USA in the early 1950s. At that time, “rhythm and blue” music was very popular with black Americans. “R&B” was a mixture of black religious music and jazz. It had strong rhythms that you could dance to and simple, fast words.Noticing the success of R&B music, white musicians started to copy the same style. By the mid-1950s, this new white R&B music, ca lled rock ’n’ roll, had become very popular. Singers like Elvis Presley and Bill Haley attracted millions of teenage fans. Their music was fast and loud. Many older people thought that rock ’n’ roll was very dangerous.By the early 1960s, even rock ’n’ roll had become old-fashioned. Many of the songs had begun to sound the same. It was at that time that a new group from England became popular — the Beatles.The Beatles first started by singing American style songs, but they soon developed their own style, with more complicated tunes. They also introduced different instruments. Groups like the Beatles had a very important influence on the style of popular music.By the early 1970s, rock ’n’ roll had developed into a new form of music. Electronics had replaced the amplified guitars and drums of rock ’n’ roll. “Rock” had arrived.Rock music had continued to change and develop. It had combined with music from different parts of the world. Today, there are hundreds of different types of rock music, and almost every country has its own form of rock.1.When had rock ’n’ roll become very popular?A.By the mid-1950s.B.By the early 1960s.C.By the mid-1960s.D.By the early 1970s.2.Which of the following statements is NOT true about the Beatles?A.It was not an American group.B.This group had their own style.C.This group made American style songs popular.D.The style of popular music had been influenced by this group.3.It can be inferred from the passage that Elvis Presley and Bill Haley________.A.we re singers of “R&B”B.were singers in the mid-1950sC.were members of the BeatlesD.were popular with old people4.What's the best title of the passage?A.Popular MusicB.The History of Rock MusicC.Different Forms of Music in AmericaD.The Beatles6、 I was reading these interesting stories behind a group of great logos in the world. Personally Nike is my favorite one—it’s so simple. And I liked the stories behind them, which made me forget all other things. McDonald’s, Apple, Mercedes Benz and Adidas own great logos as well, and they are among my favorites.NikeIn the Greek myth, Nike is the goddess of victory and the source of inspiration for soldiers. This logo represents the wing in the famous statue of the Greek goddess. Nike’s logo was des igned by Carolyn Davidson in 1971 for $ 35, and was registered as a trademark in 1995.McDonald’sThe logo was designed in 1962 by Jim Schindler to resemble the arch shaped (拱形的) signs on the side of the company’s then walk-up hamburger stand. Later on, the two golden arches were combined together to form the M. The McDonald’s name was added to the logo in 1968.AppleThere are different stories behind Apple’s logo. The first logo was a reference to the religious story of Adam and Eve, in which the apple representedthe fruit of the Tree of Knowledge. One year later, the second logo was designed in 1977 by Steven Jobs and Ronald Wayne, and it described Sir Isaac Newton sitting under an apple tree. This logo didn’t stay long. One year later it was replaced almost immediately by graphic designer Rob Janoff’s “rainbow apple”, a rainbow-colored silhouette (轮廓) of an apple with a bite taken out of it. And then the rainbow-colored apple was replaced by the one-colored logo in 1998. It has not been changed so far.Mercedes BenzThe Mercedes Benz logo, which was originally created by Gottlieb Daimler in 1909, consists of a simple description of a three- pointed star that represents its rule of the land, the sea and the air. The company was founded by Gottlieb Daimler and Wilhelm Maybach. Mercedes is the name of Maybach’s elder daughter, while Benz came as a result of a combination with Benz, Cie. and DMG in 1926.1.What does the author think of the stories of the great logos?A.They are boring.B.They are attractiveC.They are out of date.D.They are practical2.What does Nike’s logo stand for?A.The goddess of victoryB.The source of inspiration for soldiersC.The wing of the Greek goddessD.The statue of the Greek goddess3.We can learn that Apple’s present logo is______.A.the religious story of Adam and EveB.Newton’s sitting under an apple treeC.a bitten apple with only one colorD.the rainbow-colored bitten apple4.Which of the following time orders describes the births of the great logos?A.Nike –McDonald’s – Apple – Mercedes Benz.B.Mercedes Benz –McDonald’s – Nike – Apple.C.Mercedes Benz – Apple – Nike –McDonald’s.D.Nike –Mercedes Benz –McDonald’s – Apple.答案以及解析1答案及解析:答案:1.A; 2.C; 3.B; 4.D解析:1.推理判断题,根据第二段第一句中的“Such s ituation"可知答案在第一段,第一段暗示出分化商业巨头的原因是他们控制了数据市场, 故答案为A项。

高考复习(英语)专项练习:(阅读理解)细节理解题——间接信息类【含答案及解析】

高考复习(英语)专项练习:(阅读理解)细节理解题——间接信息类【含答案及解析】

考点分类练(二)细节理解题——间接信息类A(2021·山东日照一模)A Bangladeshi boy has won the International Children’s Peace Prize for his work to fight cyberbullying(网络欺凌) in his country.The prize winner, Sadat Rahman, promised to keep fighting online abuse until it no longer exists.“The fight against cyberbullying is like a war, and in this war I am a fearless fighter,” Sadat Rahman said during a ceremony. He added,“If everybody keeps supporting me, then together we will win this battle against cyberbullying.”Rahman developed a mobile phone application that provides education about online bullying and a way to report relevant cases. He said he began his work on the project after hearing the story of a 15-year-old girl who took her own life as a result of cyberbullying.“I will not stop until we receive no more cases through the app,” Rahman said at the ceremony.The award comes with a fund of over $118,000, which is invested by the KidsRights Foundation. The group chooses projects to support the causes that are closely linked to the winner’s work.Past well-known winners of the prize include Pakistani human rights activist Malala Yousafzai and Swedish climate activist Greta Thunberg. And the students who organised the March for Our Lives event in 2018 after a deadly mass shooting at their school in the American state of Florida also won the prize.Yousafzai praised Rahman’s work during the ceremony. She spoke through video conferencing.“All children have the right to be protected from violence no matter if it is physical or mental, offline or online,” she said.“Cyberbullying is a violation of that right.”1.What does Sadat Rahman devote himself to?A.Battling online violence.B.Helping poor children.C.Being a brave fighter.D.Removing school bullying.2.What caused Sadat Rahman to start his project?A.People’s lack of education.B.His own experience of being bullied.C.A girl’s death from cyberbullying.D.The wide use of mobile phone apps.3.What is paragraph 5 mainly about?A.The March for Our Lives event.B.Human rights activists in the world.C.A horrible school shooting.D.Some previous winners of the prize.4.What can we infer from Yousafzai’s words?A.Rahman’s efforts have paid off.B.Cyberbullying should be got rid of.C.All children have the right to fight against violence.D.Children are faced with physical and mental bullying.B(2021·广东肇庆三模)True, people remember what you wear. After a social event, we all remember the woman in red, or the man with the top hat. But in terms of making a good impression, being memorable is not just about novelty or fashion, but attraction, both physical and emotional.In a 2020 study, Andre Ndobo found people tended to remember the extremes: both attractive and unattractive faces. He acknowledged that one suggested explanation was that both are characterised by distinctive features that promote facial recognition when compared with faces of average attractiveness. But while distinctiveness is memorable, beauty is skin-deep. Accordingly, the way you are remembered by others is often not about what you wear and how you look but about the way you make people feel.Professional interaction can create positive personal memories. Adrie A.Koehler, in a piece entitled “In the Eye of the Beholder” (2017), found that when asked to recall their best learning experience, many students discussed a memorable teacher. What made the teachers memorable? According to the students, memorable qualities included not only teaching styles, but also interpersonal skills and positive qualities such as a sense of humour.We can relate to the results of this study when recalling people who are memorable in our own lives. They are not always people who we believed to be the smartest or most believed, but often those who made us feel the most comfortable, and who were most interested in us. Sincere interest is uniquely attractive. Not only will you remember what someone said, but they will also remember you.Regardless of what we wear or how we look, we are always naturally more appealing and approachable when we focus on others and when we are genuine rather than simply sociable. Remember that, and others will remember you.5.Why is an unattractive face remembered according to Andre Ndobo?A.It creates positive memories.B.There’s something special about it.C.It makes people feel uncomfortable.D.People often try hard to avoid seeing it.6.What can we infer from the text?A.Smart people are especially attractive.B.Teaching styles impress students most.C.The best learning experience is hard to gain.D.Sincere attention is useful in communication.7.What can be a suitable title for the text?A.You are what you wearB.Mind the impression you makeC.How can we improve our self-image?D.What do people remember about you?C(2021·吉林高三下学期第三次调研)In an effort to fight the throw-away culture and promote reuse and repair, the city of Berlin has taken the unique step of opening its own second-hand department store.This isn’t your grandma’s thrift shop. It resells perfectly good items that would otherwise be thrown away. B-Wa(h)renhaus sells a wide variety of products. Far from simply selling old items, the electronic goods have been fixed by expert technicians and come with a year’s guarantee. And, to reach more second-hand shoppers, the store was set up right in the middle of the famous Karstadt department store.With the success of its initial six-month trial run, the city plans to open four more similar operations in other parts of Berlin. By 2030, it hopes to have at least one location in each of Berlin’s 12 districts. Since 2008, city policies and educational campaigns have reduced average annual household waste by about 25 pounds per resident. It also recycles about 49% of its mineral construction waste. Currently, the city estimates that 8% of abandoned electronic goods and 6% of huge items thrown away can actually be reused. The goal is to expand the market for these items beyond the usual bargain hunters and eco-conscious consumers.“Three years ago, we started collecting all kinds of used goods,” city spokesperson Dorothee Winden said,“There are lots of things that are well-preserved but aren’t being used anymore. The goal is to give these things a new life with somebody who can use them.” The store also includes an education centre to encourage more sustainable lifestyles, and gives an award to a project that recycles school uniforms, so that parents don’t have to buy new ones every year.8.Why has Berlin opened its own second-hand department store?A.To attract more shoppers.B.To promote recycling.C.To promote traditional culture.D.To sell insurance.9.In which aspect is B-Wa(h)renhaus different from the traditional second-hand store?A.The variety of the goods.B.The location of the store.C.The quality of the products.D.The operation of the store.10.What can we infer from paragraph 3?A.Berlin currently has 4 second-hand stores in construction.B.Berlin has been successful in cutting its waste since 2008.C.It is not easy to make the goal to expand the market a reality.D.It is estimated that Berlin will be a zero-waste city by 2030.11.What is the author’s main purpose in writing the text?A.To introduce Berlin’s new second-hand store operation.B.To raise people’s awareness of reasonable shopping.C.To persuade people to become eco-friendly shoppers.D.To encourage more people to donate to second-hand shops.考点分类练(二)细节理解题——间接信息类【语篇导读】本文是一篇新闻报道。

高考英语阅读理解文章的细节理解8例试题

高考英语阅读理解文章的细节理解8例试题

2021年地区高考英语阅读理解文章的细节理解8例一篇文章有了话题〔topic〕,确定了要表达的中心思想〔main idea〕,还必须通过许多细节的信息来进一步解释或者表达主题,表达中心思想。

弄懂这些细节,对于理解全文的作用是不容无视的,也是归纳、概括文章中心思想的根底。

因此,在高考命题中往往会要求考生根据不同的要求,阅读文章以获得某些特定的信息或者准确地寻找所需的细节。

这类考题可以是比拟直接的,理解字面意义就可以答题;但也可能是比拟间接的,要通过归纳、综合或者推理才能答题。

例1Tom Brenna was working in a Philadelphia office building when he noticed a black bag. The bag contained a book.This chance discovery ended a 12-day search by the Library Company of Philadelphia for a historical treasure –a 120-page diary kept 190 years a go by Deborah Logan, “a woman who knew everybody in her day,〞James Green, the librarian told the magazine American Libraries.Most of the diary is a record of big events in Philadelphia. It is also includes a description of British soldiers burning Washington, D.C. in the war of 1812. She describes President James Madison on horseback as “perfectly shaking with fear〞during the troubled days. George Washington, she writes, mistook her for the wife of a French man, and praised her excellent English.The adventure of the lost book began September 4 when Cory Luxmoore arrived from England to deliver the diary of his ancestor (祖先) to the library Company, which he and his wife considered to be best home for the diary.Green told American Libraries he had the diary in his possession “about five minutes〞when Luxmoore took it back because he had promised to show it to one other person. On returning his hotel after showing the precious book to Green, Luxmoore was shocked to realise that he had left it in the taxi.Without any delay, Green began calling every taxi company in the city, with no luck. “I’ve felt sick since then,〞Luxmoore told reporters.According to Green, no one has yet learned how the diary came to the office building. Tom Brennan received a reward of $1,000, Philadelphia gained another treasure for hit history. And Luxmoore told reporters, “It’s wonderful news. I’m on high.〞1. From the text, we learn that the diary is now owned by _______.A. Tom BrennaB. an unknown personC. a Philadelphia magazineD. the library Company of Philadelphia2. Philadelphia is thought to be the best home for the diary because ________.A. it was written in PhiladelphiaB. it tells stories about PhiladelphiaC. people in the city are interested in old thingsD. the British and Americans once fought in Philadelphia3. Which of the following shows the right order of what happened to the diary?a. Tom Brennan found the book in an office buildingb. The book was shown to James Greenc. Cory Luxmoore arrived from Englandd. The book was left behind in a taxiA. a, b, c, dB. c, b, d, aC. a, c, d, bD. c, a, b, d注释:第3小题是掌握文章细节的第一种情况,即获取信息是比拟直接的,理解字面意义就可以答题,正确答案显然是B.第1和2 小题属掌握文章细节的第二种情况,即信息获取是比拟间接的,要通过归纳、综合或者推理才能答题。

2020高考英语阅读理解解题技巧专项突破六:阅读理解专题之细节理解题(含答案)

2020高考英语阅读理解解题技巧专项突破六:阅读理解专题之细节理解题(含答案)

专题 6 阅读理解专题之----细节理解题细节理解题的考查内容主要涉及时间、地点、人物、事件、原因、结果、数字、图表等例证细节和定义类细节。

这类题目的共同特点是:答案一般都能在文章中找到。

当然,答案并不一定是文章中的原句,考生需要根据文章提供的信息自己组织语句回答问题。

【设问形式】1.事实细节题:分为直接理解题和间接理解题,前者常用who, what, which, when, where, why和how提问,或判断正误,即是非判断题。

后者需与原文信息转换,表达上与原文有差异。

常见设问形式有:1) What can we learn from the passage?2) All the following are mentioned except3) Which of the following is mentioned (not mentioned)?4) Which of the following statements is true/right/false/wrong about…?2. 排列顺序题:常出现在记叙文和说明文中,一般按事件发生的顺序。

常见设问形式有:1)Wh ich of the following is the correct order of…?2)Which of the following shows the path of signals described in Paragraph…?3. 图文匹配题:设题形式:给出图表,根据图表提问问题。

4. 数字计算题:可直接找到相关细节,但需经过计算方可找到答案。

【考查方式】阅读理解细节理解题的出题形式主要有:是非判断题,同义近义(反义)转换题,例证题,定义题,年代与数字题,比较题,原因题,条件题,排序题,图表图画题等。

细节理解题需要将题目与原文进行语境上的转换,两者存在表达上的差异,需要进行加工或整理后才能得出结论,属于中档难度题。

2023届高考英语阅读理解指导 细节理解题 定位信息找答案 讲义

2023届高考英语阅读理解指导 细节理解题 定位信息找答案 讲义

英语阅读理解指导细节理解题——定位信息找答案一、题型特点需了解(一)明命题,懂考查方式和考查角度[命题解读]1.命题人员会要求学生根据不同的要求阅读文章,以获得某些特定的信息或准确地寻找所需的细节。

2.细节理解题有时比较直接,理解字面意思即可答题;有时则较为间接,需要归纳、概括和推理才能答题。

细节理解题占阅读理解总题量的60%左右,是最重要的得分点。

[考查特点]1.把握细节理解题常见的考查方式。

(1)特殊疑问句形式:以when,where,what,which,who,how much/many 等疑问词开头引出的问题;(2)填空题形式:通常涉及与主题有关的事实或细节;(3)就文中数字、排序等进行提问。

2.掌握细节理解题的考查角度。

(1)高频考点:直接信息题、间接信息题。

(2)低频考点:数字计算题、正误判断题、细节排序题。

(二)细节理解题的解题捷径采用寻读法,解题分三步:(1)先读题干,抓住关键词。

(2)带着问题快速阅读文章,找出与问题有关的词语或句子。

(3)仔细对比选项和原文信息,继而找出答案。

(三)细节理解题的正确选项特征同义替换①指对原文句子中的关键词进行同义替换,如把lose one's job换成be out of work。

②有些细节理解题把原文中的一些词变换一下词性,如把important变换成of importance。

③改变原文中句子的语态,如主动语态与被动语态的转换信息归纳用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息,设置为正确答案正话反说把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项原文原词利用原文原词作为正确选项(四)细节理解题的干扰选项特征张冠李戴是原文信息,但不是题目要求的内容无中生有符合常识,但不是文章的内容曲解文意与原文的内容极其相似,只是在某个细节处有些变动颠倒是非在意思上与原文大相径庭,甚至完全相反正误参半部分正确,部分错误二、方法技巧要知晓题型一直接信息题在解答直接信息题时,可以采取“关键词定位法”,即“带着问题找答案”的方法,通过定位找题眼[典例](2022·全国乙卷)Admission£4.Children under 12 years accompanied by an adult are admitted free.22.How much would a couple with two children under 12 pay for admission?A.£4.B.£8.C.£12.D.£16. [解析]本题是直接信息题。

2023高考英语全国1卷阅读理解d篇解析

2023高考英语全国1卷阅读理解d篇解析

标题:2023高考英语全国1卷阅读理解d篇解析一、篇章概述在2023年的高考英语全国1卷阅读理解部分,d篇是考生需要关注的重点之一。

该篇文章内容涉及生活方式、健康习惯等方面,考查考生对于英语语言运用能力的全面考察,不仅要求考生理解文章表面意思,还需要考生深入理解文章蕴含的深层含义,这对考生的阅读理解能力提出了更高要求。

二、文章解析1.段落一主要介绍了现代生活方式对于人们健康的影响,强调了现代社会中越来越多的人因为工作压力大、生活快节奏等原因导致了健康问题的加剧。

2.段落二具体分析了一项关于现代工作方式的研究发现,指出了长时间坐立不动对身体健康的负面影响,从而引发了一系列健康问题。

3.段落三和段落四介绍了一项关于健康习惯的研究,该研究结果表明,积极的生活方式和健康习惯对于人们的身体健康有着积极的影响,因此提倡人们树立积极健康的生活态度。

4.段落五提出了解决现代健康问题的建议,包括树立正确的健康观念、保持良好的生活习惯、进行适度的体育锻炼等。

三、解题技巧在理解和解答d篇文章相关问题时,考生应该注重以下几个技巧:1.深入理解:文章内容不仅仅是表面意思,还需要考生深入理解作者想要表达的深层含义,抓住核心关键词理解文章的主旨。

2.归纳总结:考生应该在阅读文章的过程中,适当进行归纳总结,将文章的重点内容提炼出来,有助于理清文章思路,更好地回答相关问题。

3.注意细节:在解答相关问题时,考生需要注意文章细节,灵活运用语境推断和逻辑推理,找到正确答案。

四、解题示例针对d篇的相关问题,我们通过以下解题示例来展示解题技巧的运用:问题:根据文章内容,现代生活方式对健康有哪些影响?提出解决问题的建议。

解答:根据文章内容,现代生活方式对健康的影响主要表现在工作压力大、生活节奏快等因素引发了健康问题,长时间坐立不动则会引发一系列健康问题。

为了解决这些问题,文章建议人们树立正确健康观念,保持良好的生活习惯,进行适度的体育锻炼等。

高考英语阅读细节理解题三步法带练(01)讲义

高考英语阅读细节理解题三步法带练(01)讲义

一、高考英语细节题考察概况:1.宏观考察概况:细节理解题有时比较直接,理解字面意思即可答题;有时则较为间接,需要归纳、概括和推理才能答题。

细节理解题占阅读理解总题量的60%左右,是最重要的得分点。

2.微观考察概况:(1)设问方式特殊疑问句形式:以when、where、what、which、who、why、how等疑问词开头引出的问题;通常涉及与主题有关的事实或细节,或就文中的数字进行提问。

(2)考察规律①正确选项特征A.同义替换(原句重复出现,200%错。

正确的都是有改动的,即同义替换。

)(1)替换关键词。

把原文的关键词进行同义替换,如把lose one's job换成了be out of occupation(2)改变词性。

把原文中的一些词变换了一下词性,如把so much important变换成of importance(3)改变语态。

把原文主动语态转为被动语态,如restoring and repairing the bridge变换成the bridge was restoring and reparing.B.信息归纳用精炼的语言来概括原文中比较分散或复杂的信息; 正确答案具有概括性(考察考生的理解归纳能力),深刻性,因为其考查的对象是阅读文章的重点和要点。

C.正话反说把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项比如说:I constantly remained confused about the learning predicament.我一直对学习的困境感到困惑。

②干扰选项特征A.张冠李戴,无中生有B.曲解文意,答非所问C.颠倒是非,因果倒置,无原因推导(过度推断)D.正误参半,盲目推断,正反混淆二、高考英语阅读细节题三步法:第一步,初步读题干,弄清楚关键词所在位置和明确答题方向第二步,迅速定位和找出题干关键词相关的近义词,反义词或者解释性信息,最好明确句间逻辑关系和段间逻辑关系(因果,递进,解释,转折,对比,比较等关系)第三步,利用正确选项特点,确定答案(明确近义词替换原文信息,关注变换原文语态词性或词形,简化或概括原文,正话反说)三、高考英语阅读细节题三步法带练1.What do we know about Astro Access?A. It redesigns jet airplanes.B. It offers weightlessness experience.C. It provides physical treatmentD. It hires the disabled to be astronauts第一步,初步读题干,弄清楚关键词所在位置和明确答题方向1.What do we know about Astro Access?我们对星际通道了解多少?问的角度是什么what;对象是星际通道第二步,迅速定位和找出题干关键词相关的近义词,反义词或者解释性信息,最好明确句间逻辑关系和段间逻辑关系(因果,递进,解释,转折,对比,比较等关系)Mazyck was one of 12 participants in a Zero Gravity flight, organized by the group Astro Access. This type of flight recreates the weightlessness that astronauts experience without going all the way to space. Flying over the Pacific Ocean off Southern California, the modified 747 jet airplane made 15 steep dives and climbs, allowing the flyers multiple periods of weightlessness.The experience left Mazyck feeling joyful. “The flight was something that I would never have experienced in my wildest dreams," she says, “especially the floating the weightlessness.原词对应:weightlessness(失重;无重状态);experience(体验);由于这段话没有出现转折连接词,所以判断这个段落各个句子的逻辑关系是顺承关系段落翻译:Mazyck是由Astro Access组织的零重力飞行的12名参与者之一。

2023新教材高考英语二轮专题复习:阅读理解-细节理解题__据文比对定答案课件

2023新教材高考英语二轮专题复习:阅读理解-细节理解题__据文比对定答案课件

2.归纳概括考分析综合 为了增加细节信息试题的难度,命题人有时候也会采用较为概括的 方式来进行命题,一个细节信息试题涉及一段或者几段的具体内容, 需要考生进行概括和归纳后才能得出答案。虽然此类试题各个细节信 息都能在文章中找到,但需要考生具有一定的概括和归纳能力。
〖解题流程〗
【典例3】 [2021·全国乙卷阅读A]All these stadiums are still functional,
Group Play is for groups of 10 or more with a limit of 35 people. For groups of 35 or more,please call to discuss options.
22.How many chaperones are needed for a group of 30 children to visit
still open and still hosting the biggest events in world sport.
·Rungrado 1st of May Stadium, Pyongyang, D.P.R. Korea.Capacity: 150,
000.Opened: May 1, 1989.
明命题方式
直接细节题常见设问方式: ◆Which activity will you choose if...? ◆What will you/the students do...? ◆When can you...? ◆Where can you...? ◆Who will...?
间接细节题常见设问方式: ◆Which of the following best describes...? ◆How does the writer recommend...to readers? ◆How many/much...?

高中英语阅读理解-事实细节题

高中英语阅读理解-事实细节题

阅读第1讲事实细节题细节理解题是高考英语阅读理解中占比重最大的一类题型, 这类题旨在考查考生对事实细节的理解。

主要针对who, what, which, why, how, when, where等来提问, 可能只针对文章中某一特定的细节, 也可能涉及若干个细节。

【考纲解读】1.从近几年实施细节题的考查来看,不仅是数量增加,而且难度也稍有增加,表现为:答案需要跨段落搜集信息;题目设置顺序与全文顺序不一致;题目信息与原文信息表达方式不一致。

2.以考查语言运用能力为主,考查语言知识为辅,考查的侧重点将向语篇能力的运用方面倾斜,要求考生运用自己的综合能力和知识结构去解题。

【命题规律】考查理解文章主要细节的试题,命题人一般都是通过对文章细节加以改写来考查准确理解细节的能力。

细节题有可能是直接理解题,但多数情况下是间接理解题。

要求在理解的基础上,通过思维将理解的内容系统化,条理化,比如计算,排序,选图等。

【命题趋势】事实细节题呈增多趋势。

题目将由简单的寻找信息转向多层次细节推理综合,答案需要跨段落搜集信息,单纯考查事实细节的题不太多。

【常考点清单】of the following is true/false/mentioneddoes the writer pay least attention tothe right order of the events given in the passageof the following statements may be true/false except…..of the following is not the result of….【重点难点】1.语义转换[技巧点拨]虽然说细节题的答案一般可以在文章中直接或间接地找到, 但是与阅读材料一模一样的正确选项是几乎没有的。

而是用不同的词语或句型表达相同的意思, 即语意转换。

解题时注意以下几点:1. 顺序性原则:一般说来, 题序与其题眼在文章中的顺序相同。

高考英语阅读理解细节理解题解题技巧

高考英语阅读理解细节理解题解题技巧

高考英语阅读理解细节理解题解题技巧一、语义转换题跳读查找法通常状况下,细节理解题主要考查考生对某句话或某几句话的理解,同学们假设能依据题干内容从原文中找到相关的句子,然后进行比较和分析,便可确定最正确答案。

运用跳读查找法时,同学们要特别注意试题(包括选项)与原文之间的适当变幻。

从近几年的高考题来看,很少有直接用原文中的句子进行考查和测试的,而通常要进行语义转换,其中包括同义变幻、概念解析、归纳事实等。

二、生活应用题常识理解法生活应用题要求考生在读懂文章的基础上结合一定的生活常识进行推断。

高考题有时也会出现这类题,运用一定的生活常识并结合文意即可选出最正确答案。

三、细节排序题首尾定位法这种试题要求考生依据事件发生的先后顺序和句子之间的逻辑关系,找出事件发生的正确顺序。

同学们在做这种题时可采纳"首尾定位法',即先找出第一个事件和最后一个事件,然后缩小选择范围,从而能快速选出正确答案。

四、寻找信息题题干定位法快速寻找信息题一般为功能阅读题,主要形式有广告、公告、演出信息、航班随时表等。

做这类题时没有必要阅读全文,宜采纳"题干定位法'。

依据题干中提供的信息,快速从原文中找到相应的信息。

2高考英语阅读理解解题攻略一、事实细节题关于事实细节题,剖析一下不难看出,事实细节的内容不会单独出现,它总会与前前后后的段落内容相呼应。

考生只要抓住整体大纲,看懂主题,利用内容间的因果关系,通过时间空间的关系转换,并对细节进行深入的剖析了理解,确定主题,将零碎的细节组成一个有机整体,就能深入理解材料的内容,从而轻松解决问题。

二、词句理解题词句理解题主要讲究的是理解题意,通过短文的词、短语或句子的理解来充分理解题意,,碰到不熟悉的词语要避过,先略读再通读,仔细推敲,尤其是对语境的理解要准确。

三、推理推断题推理推断题最主要的就是注重文章结构的逻辑关系,抓住关键词,结合有关的生活和社会常识,理清文章的结构层次、文章内容和文章的中心思想,推断的写作意图和写作目的,进行推断。

完整高考英语阅读理解细节理解类型题

完整高考英语阅读理解细节理解类型题

1.题型特点与命题方式所谓细节题,是指原文提到了某事物、现象或理论,题干针对原文具体叙述本身发问。

一般包括直接理解题(在原文中可直接找到答案,常用who, what, when, where, why和how等提问。

)、语义转化题(需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语义上的转换,两者存在表达上的差异,有时需要进行加工或整理后方能得出结论)、数字计算题、排列顺序题、图表图画题等抓住文段中的事实和细节是做好该题型的关键,也是做好其他类型问题的基础。

这类题型的题干常为:When / Where did the story happen?Which of the following statements is (NOT) correct?Which of the following statements is (NOT) mentioned in the passage?Which is the right order of the events given in the passage?All the statements are true EXCEPT…该题型几乎都可以在文章中直接找到与答案有关的信息,或是其变体。

所以,搜查信息在阅读中非常重要,它包括理解作者在叙述某事时使用的具体事实、数据、图表等细节信息。

在一篇短文里大部分篇幅都属于这类围绕主体展开的细节。

做这类题一般采用寻读法,即先读题,然后带着问题快速阅读短文,找出与问题有关的词语或句子,再对相关部分进行分析对比,找出答案。

2.解题思路与应试技巧细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题,正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找到,即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。

通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征:(1)对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。

把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词,成为正确选项。

(2)词性或者语态的变化。

把原文中的一些词变换一下词性,或者改变原文句子的语态,给考生制造障碍。

超实用高考英语复习:阅读理解——细节理解题 -测 (解析版)

超实用高考英语复习:阅读理解——细节理解题 -测 (解析版)

专题12 阅读理解:细节理解题备考高考英语二轮复习距离高考还有一段时间,不少有经验的老师都会提醒考生,愈是临近高考,能否咬紧牙关、学会自我调节,态度是否主动积极,安排是否科学合理,能不能保持良好的心态、以饱满的情绪迎接挑战,其效果往往大不一样。

以下是本人从事10多年教学经验总结出的以下学习资料,希望可以帮助大家提高答题的正确率,希望对你有所帮助,有志者事竟成!养成良好的答题习惯,是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。

总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。

在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。

英语最后的复习要树立信心,考试的时候遇到难题要想“别人也难”,遇到容易的则要想“细心审题”。

越到最后,考生越要回归基础,单词最好再梳理一遍,这样有利于提高阅读理解的效率。

另附高考复习方法和考前30天冲刺复习方法。

全国名校最新模拟题(共八篇)Passage 1 (2022年北京卷)My name is Alice. Early last year, I was troubled by an anxiety that crippled ( 削弱) my ability to do anything. I felt like a storm cloud hung over me. For almost a year I struggled on, constantly staring at this wall that faced me. My perfectionist tendencies were the main root of this: I wanted to be perfect at whatever I did, which obviously in life is not possible, but it consumed me.One day, I attended a presentation by wildlife conservationist Grant Brown at my high school. His presentation not only awed and inspired me, but also helped emerge an inner desire to make a difference in the world. I joined a pre-presentation dinner with him and that smaller setting allowed me to slowly build up my courage to speak one-on-one with him—an idea that had seemed completely impossible. This first contact was where my story began.A month later, Brown invited me to attend the World Youth Wildlife Conference. Looking back, I now see that this would be the first in a series of timely opportunities that my old self would have let pass, but that this new andmore confident Alice enthusiastically seized. Shortly after I received his invitation, applications to join the Youth for Nature and the Youth for Planet groups were sent around through my high school. I decided to commit to completing the applications, and soon I was a part of a growing global team of young people working to protect nature. Each of these new steps continued to grow my confidence.I am writing this just six months since my journey began and I’ve realised that my biggest obstacle ( 障碍) this whole time was myself. It was that voice in the back of my head telling me that one phrase that has stopped so many people from reaching their potential: I can’t. They say good things come to those who wait; I say: grab every opportunity with everything you have and be impatient. After all, nature does not require our patience, but our action.4.What was the main cause for Alice’s anxiety?A.Her inability to act her age.B.Her habit of consumption.C.Her desire to be perfect.D.Her lack of inspiration.5.How did Grant Brown’s presentation influence Alice?A.She decided to do something for nature.B.She tasted the sweetness of friendship.C.She learned about the harm of desire.D.She built up her courage to speak up.6.The activities Alice joined in helped her to become more ________.A.intelligent B.confident C.innovative D.critical7.What can we learn from this passage?A.Practice makes perfect.B.Patience is a cure of anxiety.C.Action is worry’s worst enemy.D.Everything comes to those who wait.4.C5.A6.B7.C【导语】这是一篇记叙文。

易错点—— 阅读理解:细节理解题(4大陷阱)-备战2024年高考英语考试易错题(原卷版)

易错点—— 阅读理解:细节理解题(4大陷阱)-备战2024年高考英语考试易错题(原卷版)

易错点14 阅读理解细节理解题目录01 易错陷阱(4大陷阱)02 举一反三【易错点提醒一】扩缩范围易混易错点【易错点提醒二】张冠李戴易混易错点【易错点提醒三】无中生有易混易错点【易错点提醒四】原词再现易混易错点03 易错题通关易错陷阱1:扩缩范围易混易错点。

【分析】选项中的描述将原文内容扩大或缩小,与原文的内容极其相似,只是在程度上有些变动。

干扰项使用了与文中某句话相似的句子结构和陈述,但在陈述中对某个细节的陈述有变动,关键地方换了单词,增加或删除了部分信息,从而改变了句意,而考生在答题时却没有注意到这一变化。

易错陷阱2:张冠李戴易混易错点。

【分析】所述细节确实与原文一致,但变换了主体,把文中的“张三”换成了选项中的“李四”。

这里的”张冠李戴”指的是把文中作者的观点与他人的观点混淆在一起,比如题干问的是作者的观点,选项陈述的是他人的观点,把两个信息点故意错误地混合在一起,这样偷换概念的陈述与文意相差甚远,考生很容易因为粗心或没有看懂原文而做出错误的选择。

易错陷阱3:无中生有易混易错点。

【分析】在意思上符合常识,但与原文大相径庭甚至完全相反。

对于这样的选项,考试容易在没有充分理解文章信息的情况下凭主观臆断答错题。

易错陷阱4:原词再现易混易错点。

【分析】选项内容部分是文章原文原句或原词,实则部分正确或部分错误,考生对具体信息的内容记忆不全,对这样的试题缺少足够的判断,错选选项。

【易错点提醒一】扩缩范围易混易错点【例1】(2023·江苏泰州·高三姜堰中学校考期中)We have house rules to make LearnEnglish a fun and safe place to improve your English, so please make sure you follow these rules.The age requirementWe welcome learners from around the world who are at least 18 years old. If you are 12 or younger, please use LearnEnglish Kids; if you are 13—17, please use LearnEnglish teens.Who is the LearnEnglish website mainly intended for ?A.English teachers.B.Adult learners.C.Children under 12.D.Students aged between 13 and 17.【变式1】(2023-2024年新未来联考模拟试题)In Saskatchewan, Canada, vegetables have a short growing season. So a very unique farm in Hudson Bay is growing fresh, pesticide-free vegetables in a hydroponic(水培的)farm all year long. There the plants are grown in water instead of soil.Growing vegetables in the middle of nowhere, about 300 kilometres northeast of Saskatoon, may seem like a big risk, but there is no other place for people to get locally grown food. Produce is available in local supermarkets but it is trucked in from far away.The idea to turn the no longer used Stewart Hawke school into a farm came to the Nels when Hudson Bay asked for bids(投标) for the building in 2018.It was empty and if an alternative use wasn’t found, it would be pulled down.k.”......What did the farm use to be?A.A supermarketB.A schoolC. A gardenD. A factory【变式2】(2023·湖北·华中师大一附中校考)In recent years, the psychologically rich life has been receiving greater research attention. It is full of strong emotions, both positive and negative, and new and interesting experiences. They are, however, seldom boring or dull.......These findings suggest that while most people do struggle to be happy and have meaning and purpose in their lives, a sizable number of people are content only living a psychologically rich life. Indeed, other new research suggests that for a lot of people, the intensity (强度) of the experience matters more than only how “positive” or “negative” it was. As Oishi and his colleagues conclude, “we believe that taking the psychologically rich life seriously will deepen, broaden and enrich our understanding of well-being.”At the end of the day, there is no one acceptable path to the good life. You have to find a path that works best for you. As Nietzsche put it: “No one can build you the bridge on which you, and only you, must cross the river of life. There may be countless bridges but there is one path in the world that none can walk but you. Where does it lead? Don’t ask, walk!”1.According to the passage, the psychologically rich life is _________.A.full of meaning and purposeB.nothing but different emotionsC.strong emotions and interesting experiencesD.all about being content with what you have2.Shigehiro Oishi and his colleagues hold the view that ________.A.the psychologically rich life is the best oneB.more people prefer to live a psychologically rich lifeC.there is no difference between,’ positive’ and ‘negative’ experienceD.studying psychological richness helps to understand well-being better【易错点提醒二】张冠李戴易混易错点【例2】(2023·江苏苏州·高三苏州中学校考期中)Animal studies have demonstrated the strong impact of a male mammal’s nutritional history on its offspring (后代). For instance, male rats that experience starvation before mating produce offspring with altered blood sugar levels and changes in hormones like corticosterone (which helps fight stress) and insulin-like growth factor (which aids in baby development)....Increasingly, biology reveals that a person’s health and well-being significantly impact the health and happiness of their future children. It is not solely because a tough man is more likely to be a great father or due to his genetic makeup. Regardless of a person’s inherited characteristics, the lifestyle choices they make throughout their life, even before considering parenthood, will have a lasting impact on their children’s physical and mental well-being.What can be learned from the passage?A.A strong male is likely to leave more offspring behind.B.The lifestyle a male has chosen affects not only himself but also his children.C.A healthy male usually gets the best genes to pass along to his future generations.D.It is unlikely that a happy male will develop anxiety and depression.【变式1】(2023·湖北·高一华中师大一附中校考)If you’re planning to visit Japan, it is a good idea to understand some basic customs.SURGICAL MASKSSeeing photos of people in Japan wearing surgical masks, you might wonder if surgical masks are just a fashion. Meanwhile, in America, we cough into the open air, and sneak out of restrooms without washing up.In Japan, it’s not nice to share germs (细菌). If you’re sick and you must leave your home, you put a surgical mask because that’s polite. Surgical masks are also worn out of caution — if you travel in a packed train during flu season, it’s a good idea to do so.......About YOUR SHOESWearing shoe in the house is just not something people do in Japan. You should remove your shoes immediately after entering a Japanese home and also when entering most historic buildings. 1.The Japanese consider wearing a surgical mask as ________.A.a fashion B.a dangerC.good manners D.a good idea2.When you are visiting a Japanese home, you are advised to ___________.A.get a snack B.remove your shoesC.put soy sauce over the rice D.wear a mask【易错点提醒三】无中生有易混易错点【例3】(2023·江苏泰州·高三姜堰中学校考期中)We have house rules to make LearnEnglish a fun and safe place to improve your English, so please make sure you follow these rules.The age requirementWe welcome learners from around the world who are at least 18 years old. If you are 12 or younger, please use LearnEnglish Kids; if you are 13—17, please use LearnEnglish teens....What is the purpose of these rules?A.To create a good English-learning environment.B.To encourage everyone to learn English.C.Keep in line with Internet laws.D.To respect users of the website.【变式1】(2023·江苏苏州·高三苏州中学校考期中)In recent years, the study of epigenetics has gained significant popularity, especially among psychologists and sociologists. It emphasizes that gene expression or suppression is influenced by the environment just as much as by genes themselves. Factors such as what we consume, what we experience, and how long we live can switch genes on or off, impacting our personality, body shape, and likelihood of contracting diseases.What does the study of epigenetics show?A.Genes can be easily expressed or suppressed after birth.B.Genes can control body shape and the possibility of diseases.C.Genes are not the only decisive factor behind our characteristics.D.Genes contribute to certain tendencies and characteristics within us.【易错点提醒四】原词再现易混易错点【例4】(2024届福建省三明市等5地高三一模试题)Explore Central Park, one of the largest city parks in the world and one of the most famous symbols of New York. Let’s have a look at its main sights.Central Park is New York’s largest city park and one of the biggest in the world, with an area of 843 acres (about 3.4km2). This park is home to man-made lakes, waterfalls, grass and wooded areas. You will also find the Central Park Zoo, among other attractions in this greenspace of New York. What can we learn about the Central Park from the text?A.It is home to lakes and waterfalls.B.It is perfect for doing outdoor sports.C.It is the largest city park in the world.D.It is the most famous symbol of New York.【变式1】(2023·湖北·高一华中师大一附中校考阶段)It isn’t easy to climb the Old Man of Hoy, one of the tallest in the United Kingdom. It is even more dangerous if you happen to be a blind climber, as Jesse Dufton is. The 34-year-old was born with a rare genetic disease (遗传病) that left him with less than 20 percent of his vision (视觉), which then kept dropping over the years. He chooses to climb, because it’s better than sitting at home feeling sorry for yourself, right? Climbing is not the most dangerous thing I do on an average day; crossing the road on the way to work is far more risky than Hoy.”Dufton has been climbing mountains since childhood. As a skilled climber, his father would take him out at weekends. He was always physical then, always up for adventure. He played sports atschool, though quickly grew frustrated (沮丧) with many of them. Badminton was a joke for someone like me, and even blind cricket — with a ball with a bell in it — annoyed me. “Instead he was attracted to climbing and skiing, and insists that climbing is one of the safer activities for a blind person to undertake. “True, you can’t see the handholds, or the footholds. You can’t see where the opportunities are, or where to place your hands and your gear (齿轮), so you just have to take it slowly. You search around until you can feel for something to hold onto, and then basically repeat the process over and over again. To keep calm in these situations helps.”It was Jesse himself who made a documentary happen. He told the filmmaker Alistair Lee about his pastime, believing it might be worth capturing on film. I realized my story was quite unusual,” he says, adding that he felt almost duty-bound to share it. If somebody like me watches it, and they find it inspirational, then it wouldn’t be right for me to keep that from them, wouldn’t it?”1.What is more dangerous in Jesse Dufton’s eyes?A.Losing eyesight gradually.B.Daily routines in his life.C.Climbing the Old Man of Hoy.D.Staying at home all day.2.Jesse persuaded Alistair Lee to make a documentary to _________.A.show his unique talent for climbingB.inspire more people with disabilityC.give credit to the brave climbersD.educate people about risky sports1.(2023年新高考I卷A篇)Bike Rental & Guided Tours......PricesHand Brake, Three Gears Foot Brake, No Gears1 hour€7.50€5.003 hours€11.00€7.501 day (24 hours)€14.75€9.75Each additional day€8.00€6.00Guided City ToursThe 2.5-hour tour covers the Gooyer Windmill, the Skinny Bridge, the Rijksmuseum, Heineken Brewery and much more. The tour departs from Dam Square every hour on the hour, starting at 1:00 pm every day. You can buy your ticket in a MacBike shop or book online.1. What is an advantage of MacBike?A. It gives children a discount.B. It of offers many types of bikes.C. It organizes free cycle tours.D. It has over 2,500 rental shops.2. How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days?A. €15.75.B. €19.50.C. €22.75.D. €29.50.3. Where does the guided city tour start?A. The Gooyer, Windmill.B. The Skinny Bridge.C. Heineken Brewery.D. Dam Square.2.(2023年新高考II卷A篇)Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of ranger programs throughout the park, and throughout the year. The following are descriptions of the ranger programs this summer.Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone (May 26 to September 2)Whether you’re hiking a backcountry trail (小径), camping, or just enjoying the park’s amazing wildlife from the road, this quick workshop is for you and your family. Learn where to look for animals and how to safely enjoy your wildlife watching experience. Meet at the Canyon Village Store.Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics (June 5 to August 21)Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities to the animals of Yellowstone. Stay for aslittle or as long as your plans allow. Meet in front of the Visitor Education Center.Canyon Talks at Artist Point (June 9 to September 2)From a classic viewpoint, enjoy Lower Falls, the Yellowstone River, and the breathtaking colors of the canyon (峡谷) while learning about the area’s natural and human history. Discover why artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place. Meet on the lower platform at Artist Point on the South Rim Drive for this short talk.Photography Workshops (June 19 &July 10)Enhance your photography skills — join Yellowstone’s park photographer for a hands-on program to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone.6/19 — Waterfalls &Wide Angles: meet at Artist Point.7/10 — Wildflowers &White Balance: meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.1. Which of the four programs begins the earliest?A. Photography Workshops.B. Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics.C. Canyon Talks at Artist Point.D. Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone.2. What is the short talk at Artist Point about?A. Works of famous artists.B. Protection of wild animals.C. Basic photography skills.D. History of the canyon area.3. Where will the participants meet for the July 10 photography workshop?A. Artist Point.B. Washburn Trailhead.C. Canyon Village Store.D. Visitor Education Center.3.(2022年新高考II卷)We journalists live in a new age of storytelling, with many new multimedia tools. Many young people don’t even realize it’s new. For them, it’s just normal.This hit home for me as I was sitting with my 2-year-old grandson on a sofa over the Spring Festival holiday. I had brought a children’s book to read. It had simple words and colorful pictures — a perfect match for his age.Picture this: my grandson sitting on my lap as I hold the book in front so he can see the pictures.As I read, he reaches out and pokes (戳) the page with his finger.What’s up with that? He just likes the pictures, I thought. Then I turned the page and continued. He poked the page even harder. I nearly dropped the book. I was confused: Is there something wrong with this kid?Then I realized what was happening. He was actually a stranger to books. His father frequently amused the boy with a tablet computer which was loaded with colorful pictures that come alive when you poke them. He thought my storybook was like that.Sorry, kid. This book is not part of your high-tech world. It’s an outdated, lifeless thing. An antique, like your grandfather. Well, I may be old, but I’m not hopelessly challenged, digitally speaking. I edit video and produce audio. I use mobile payment. I’ve even built websites.There’s one notable gap in my new-media experience, however: I’ve spent little time in front of a camera, since I have a face made for radio. But that didn’t stop China Daily from asking me last week to share a personal story for a video project about the integration of Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei province.Anyway, grandpa is now an internet star — two minutes of fame! I promise not to let it go to my head. But I will make sure my 2-year-old grandson sees it on his tablet.5.Why did the kid poke the storybook?A.He took it for a tablet computer.B.He disliked the colorful pictures.C.He was angry with his grandpa.D.He wanted to read it by himself.6.What does the author think of himself?A.Socially ambitious.B.Physically attractive.C.Financially independent.D.Digitally competent.7.What can we learn about the author as a journalist?A.He lacks experience in his job.B.He seldom appears on television.C.He manages a video department.D.He often interviews internet stars.4.(广东省七校联合体2023-2024学年高三联考试题)......During the world’s first holographic lesson, Ms Raducanu’s avatar appeared to feed balls to the players and gave live feedback on their shots, like “that was fast and there was lots of topspin on that”. Even Sam said he thought she had been prerecorded at first until she spoke with him directly.Their holographic training session offers a glimpse into how advancing technology could revolutionize tennis coaching, according to Dr Ian Pearson.Dr Pearson thinks that mixed reality headsets will soon allow tennis players to feel they are playing in unusual virtual environments, like on a space station or the middle of a lake Through 5G, the future of tennis will see increased interaction between real life tennis courts and the rich imagination we see in computer games-playing whenever, wherever and whoever you want.Full sensory virtual reality could even place the viewer inside the tennis player’s shoes in real time. Dr Pearson said: “By 2030, with active skin technology, the playing styles and even the sensations of top-level players could be captured, so that anyone could experience how it actually felt to play that game through full sensory virtual reality.”4.What did Ms Raducanu do in the first holographic lesson?A.Give players a real time guidance.B.Require players to follow her shots.C.Record coaching contents in advance.D.Share her experiences through the hologram. 5.What can full sensory virtual reality make viewers do?A.Increase their imagination of sports.B.Take the place of top level players.C.Experience the feeling of players on the spot.D.Have a sense of playing in an unusual place.5.(广东省七校联合体2023-2024学年高三联考试题)People trained to detect lies often rely on multiple signs, such as eye contact, length of responses and the details in what people say, but studies have shown that assessing a wide range of behavioural information can make it harder to decide if someone is lying. Bruno Verschuere at the University of Amsterdam and his colleagues wondered whether solely focusing on the detail of statements could provide more consistent results.To test this idea, researchers asked 44 students to go for a walk or steal from a mock (模仿的) crime. Students were instructed to lie if they committed the fake theft.Next, the researchers recruited 171 people to watch six truthful and six deceptive (欺骗的) interviews from these recordings, ranking interviewees’ eye contact and detail level. The results revealed that both truth-tellers and liars averted (转移) their gaze a similar amount, but truthful statements were substantially more detailed than deceptive ones, suggesting the latter is a more useful way to tell that someone is lying.......8.Bruno Verschuere and his colleagues conducted the research to confirm that ________.A.behavioral information played a vital role in finding out the truthB.people should be trained to detect lies by referring to multiple cuesC.truthtellers and liars shared something in common when performing the taskD.it’s relatively easier to identify liars by relying only on the detail of statements9.What can we learn from paragraph 3 and 4?A.Liars turned away their eyes more often than truth-tellers.B.Truthful statements included considerably more details than deceptive ones.C.It’s difficult for participants to detect liars by using multiple cues like eye contact.D.Participants who relied on one cue can distinguish lies from the truth faultlessly.6.(2024届浙江省强基联盟高三仿真模拟卷)Young people are being criticized for working from home again, with one professor saying it adversely affects their professional and romantic success.Scott Galloway, a marketing professor at the New York University, spoke about the harms of being at home at The Wall Street Journal’s CEO Council Summit, on Wednesday.A clip posted on TikTok shows Galloway saying, “You should never be at home. That’s what I tell young people. Home is for seven hours of sleep and that’s it. The amount of time you spend at home is oppositely correlated to your success professionally and romantically. You need to be out of the house.”In another clip at the same event, the professor insisted that success and work-life balance do not go hand in hand. He said, “If you expect to be in the top 10% economically, much less the top 1%,buck up. Two decades plus, of nothing but work. That’s my experience.”Galloway has long been an advocate of office working and shunned remote working habits because it weakens young people’s ability to build relationships and network. He previously advised young workers, “Before you collect dogs and spouses, get into the office, establish mentors, establish friends,” in an interview with CNN. He added that workers who get promoted are the ones with the best relationships at work.8.What can be the harm of working from home according to Galloway?A.Less successful careers.B.Imbalance between work and life.C.Worse relationship at home.D.Loss of sleep time.9.What can be Galloway’s advice to young workers?A.Develop remote working habits.B.Keep a pet at home.C.Establish relationships in the office.D.Get promotion at work.7.(2024届浙江省强基联盟高三仿真模拟卷)A new study suggests that mindfulness education — lessons on techniques to calm the mind and body — can reduce the negative effects of stress and increase students’ ability to stay engaged, helping them stay on track academically and avoid behavior problems.After finding that students who self-reported mindful habits performed better on tests and had higher grades, researchers from the Center for Education Policy Research at Harvard University wanted to know if school-based mindfulness training could help more students reap similar benefits.......12.What was the purpose of the study?A.To examine the techniques for practicing mindfulness.B.To study the effects of group mindfulness training on students.C.To see how students help themselves to perform better on tests.D.To understand why mindfulness training calms the mind and body.8.(2023年湖南省郴州市九校联盟高三试题)Eighteen-year-old David Aguilar from Andorra was born without a right forearm due to a rare genetic condition but that has never stopped him from doing anything he wanted to do including typing on a computer with his partial arm.Like most kids, David was a LEGO fan and he loved building cars, boats, planes, and motorbikes. But David also knew that he looked different and wanted to do something about it. “As a child I was very nervous to be in front of other guys, because I was different, but that didn’t stop me believing in my dreams,” David said. “I wanted to... see myself in the mirror like I see other guys, with two hands.”......David plans to create affordable prosthetics for people who need them, saying, “I would try to give them a prosthetic, even if it’s for free, to make them feel like a normal person.”4.How did David feel when standing in front of other kids?A.Anxious.B.Natural.C.Confident.D.Frightened. 5.What’s David’s dream?A.To be an expert in building LEGO.B.To become rich by selling prosthetic arms.C.To offer disabled people cheaper prosthetics.D.To start a company hiring more disabled people.9.(2023年湖南省郴州市九校联盟高三试题)When the Great Backyard Bird Count (GBBC) began last Friday, Steve and Janet Kistler of Hart County, Kentucky, joined in. They’ve done so every year since the now-global tradition began 25 years ago.For Moira Dalibor, who teaches math at a school, this was the first count. She led a group of students and parents to an arboretum (植物园) for an exercise in data-gathering. They were among hundreds of thousands of people around the world counting and recording over four days. Last year, about 385,000 people from 192 countries took part in the GBBC.......This is how it works: Participants watch birds, whether that means looking out of the window for15 minutes or taking a longer trip to a nature area. Organizers recommend the Merlin bird ID app to distinguish birds by size, shape, song or other characteristics. Many participants also carry field guides and binoculars (双筒望远镜) along with their phones. They then enter the findings into the eBird app. Those numbers help researchers track the ups and downs of various species, which then help determine the direction of conservation efforts.Dalibor prepared her classes with information about local species and practiced with the Merlin app. The kids recorded bird sightings with pencils and drawing boards, and parent volunteers entered those numbers on phones.12.Why did Dalibor lead her students to an arboretum?A.To do exercise for health.B.To observe different plants.C.To practice their math skills.D.To collect information about birds.13.What can people use the Merlin bird ID app to do?A.To record their findings.B.To identify different birds.C.To help determine the birds’ habitat.D.To track the ups and downs of various species.10.(福建省厦门第二中学2023-2024年高三试题)Central ParkExplore Central Park, one of the largest city parks in the world and one of the most famous symbols of New York. Let’s have a look at its main sights.Central Park is New York’s largest city park and one of the biggest in the world, with an area of 843 acres (about 3.4km2). This park is home to man-made lakes, waterfalls, grass and wooded areas. You will also find the Central Park Zoo, among other attractions in this greenspace of New York.Besides being the city’s primary green lungs, Central Park is also a favorite spot for many New Yorkers. It is perfect for sunbathing, going for walks, or doing any outdoor sports. Something that we found curious is seeing so many people running with their babies in prams (婴儿车).......1.What can we learn about the Central Park from the text?A.It is home to lakes and waterfalls.B.It is perfect for doing outdoor sports.C.It is the largest city park in the world.D.It is the most famous symbol of New York.2.Which one of the following things is free?A.Hiring a bicycle.B.Entrance to Central Park.C.Visiting Central Park Zoo.D.Going to the Metropolitan Museum of Art.11.(福建省厦门第二中学2023-2024年高三试题)As we all know, insects can be remarkably agile (灵活的) in flight. This is really hard to build into flying robots, but MIT Assistant Professor Kevin Yufeng Chen has developed an insect-sized drone (无人机) that approaches insects’ agility.Typically, drones require wide open spaces. “If we look at most drones today, they’re usually quite big,” says Chen. “Most of their applications involve flying outdoors. The question is: Can you create an insect-sized drone that can move around in very crowded and complex spaces?”According to Chen, he overcame many problems when building the drone. The insect-sized drone requires a fundamentally different construction from a larger one. The large drone is usually powered by a motor, but the motor loses efficiency as you shrink it. So, Chen says, “For an insect-sized drone, you need to look for alternatives.” The principal alternative until now has been employing a small, rigid actuator (执行器) built from new materials. Chen designed a more agile tiny drone using soft actuators instead of hard ones.......8.What can we know about the actuator designed by Chen?A.It weighs about six grams.B.It drives the insect-sized drone.C.It loses efficiency too much.D.It employs conventional materials.12.(湖北省孝感市重点高中协作体2023-2024学年高三试题)My husband and I always wanted to go to the Caribbean but didn’t know much about the islands or how we were going to afford it. By chance, a friend of ours in Australia mentioned “pet sitting” and that it is something you can do all over the world.We quickly created an account on a pet sitting website and began searching for options. There were only a couple of sits available in that part of the world, but we tried our luck, sent a request, and to our surprise, landed a three-month job in Grenada, so our year was going to be taken up with Caribbean pet sits.......24.Why did the author do pet sitting?A.To cover travel expenses.B.To raise fund.C.To conserve the environment.D.To shoot beautiful beaches.13.(湖北省孝感市重点高中协作体2023-2024学年高三试题)Just like happiness and sadness, anxiety is part of everyone’s lived experience—but it’s not always tolerated as such. “People often spend too much time and effort trying to rid anxiety,” says Dr Joel Minden, a clinical psychologist. “I encourage them to remember that anxiety is a normal emotional response.”If you try to banish anxiety, all you’re doing is putting it more at the forefront of your mind. But if you accept anxiety as part of life, you can learn to relate to it with self-pity or even with humour. This is a cornerstone of acceptance and commitment therapy(ACT), which has been gaining clinical validation, including by the American Psychological Association. ACT guides people to see their unpleasant emotions as just feelings and to accept that parts of life are hard. Sufferers are encouraged to begin a dialogue with anxious thoughts, examining their causes while also keeping in mind their personal goals and values.......32.What may Dr Joel Minden agree about anxiety?A.It is often improperly treated.B.It should be seriously taken.C.It is easily-earned experience.D.It goes hand in hand with joy.。

新课标高考英语阅读理解细节理解主旨大意归纳法解题附带答案

新课标高考英语阅读理解细节理解主旨大意归纳法解题附带答案

高三英语阅读理解---主旨大意〔查找、归纳法〕解题导入:高考英语阅读理解考纲关于阅读理解局部考纲要求:阅读局部要求考生能读懂书、报、杂志中关于一般性话题的简短文段以及公告、说明、广告等,并能从中获取相关信息。

考生应能:〔1〕理解主旨要义;〔2〕理解文中具体信息;〔3〕根据上下文推断单词与短语的含义;〔4〕做出判断与推理;〔5〕理解文章的根本构造;〔6〕理解作者的意图、观点与态度。

高考英语阅读理解常见的设题形式有:细节理解题、推理判断题、词意猜想题、主旨大意题。

阅读理解的考题分为客观理解题Facts〔文章中客观存在的事实,客观题的答案一般都可以在原文中找到,即文中的具体事实或者抽象概念。

〕与主观理解题〔Opinions〕〔这类问题不可能直接从原文中找到答案,需要通过阅读文章对文章主旨与深层含义有更深的理解,并据此进展判断与推理。

〕今天主要处理的是主旨大意〔归纳法〕解题。

阅读策略:主旨大意〔查找、归纳法〕解题一篇文章一般表达一个中心或主题。

这个中心或主题通常用一个句子来概括,此句叫主题句,这类题主要考察读者把握全文内容或理解中心思想的能力,也包括分析归纳文章段落大意、重要情节、人物特征、写作特点的能力。

一般说来说明文与议论文都有主题句,而且多位于文章的开头,有时也位于文章的中间或末尾。

但有时不能直接在文章中直接找到主题句,在弄清段与段之间逻辑关系的根底上自己归纳总结。

主题句必须能简洁明了地概括全文的主要内容,具有高度的综合性与概括性,文章或段落的其他句子都是对主题句的进一步的解释、说明、论证或拓展。

常见的主旨大意题的考察形式:The text is mainly about ____.The main idea/The general idea/The main purpose is ______.What would be the best title /headline for the textThis article mainly tells about the story of ____.What is the topic of the textThe subject discussed in this text is ____.What does the second paragraph discussThe paragraph (passage) deals with _____.What is mainly discussed in the text主旨大意范例1.Today the problem of environment has become more and more serious.The world population is rising, so quickly that the world has become too crowded.We are using up our natural resources too quickly and at the same timewe are polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals.The main idea of the paragraph is ________.2. When you are poor, you can also say you are very happy, because you have something else that can' t be bought with money. When you meet with difficulties, you can say loudly you are very happy, because you have more chances to challenge yourself. So you should always say you are happy.The topic sentence of the paragraph is________________ 3. Some people like reading, and some people like swimming. I have many hobbies, such as reading, skating,and traveling. In fact, different people have different hobbies. My friend Ann studies very hard. So her hobby is reading all kinds of books. Tony loves workingwith her hands, and his hobby is gardening.The main idea of the paragraph is ________.4. Going green seems to be fad(时尚)for a lot of people these days. Whether that is good or bad, we can’t really say, but for the tow of us, going green is not a fad but a lifestyle.On April22, 2021, we decided to go green every single day for an entire year. This meant doing 365 different green things, and it also meant challenging ourselves to go green beyond easy things. Rather than recycle and reduce our energy, we had to think of 365 different green things to do and this was no easy task.What might be the best title for the passage A.Going Green. B.Protecting the Planet.C.Keeping Open-Minded D.Celebrating Our Green Year.5. 自己需要归纳总结类的主旨类阅读理解Everyone’s at it, even my neighbors. I thought I might be the only person left in the world who hadn’t done aneBay deal. So, I decided to try my hand at online auction(网上拍卖).Buying for beginners: Sign up on ehay. co. uk. Most items (e. g. tables, computers, and books) ready for auction will come with a picture and a short description; others may be marked with “Buy It Now〞and have a fixed price. You can buy these right away.If the item is being auctioned, you offer the highest price you are prepared to pay and eBay bids (出价) for you. The bid will be increased little by little until it goes beyond your highest bid, then you are emailed and asked if you would like to bid again. Auctions last up to 10days and when they finish you get an email telling you whether you have won the item.How to pay: Sellers decide how they would like to be paid and you need to check this before placing a bid as you might not want to post a cheque or postal orders. The easiest way is through PayPal, an online payment system that takes the money away from your credit card (信用).Selling made simple: If you plan to sell on eBay, it helps to include a picture of the item. I followed my friends' advice and put up the items I wanted to sell for a 10-day auction, starring on a Thursday. This way buyers had two weekendsto bid.The big things in life: It' s easy to post a small item, but furniture is a big part of eBay and this has to be collected or sent by deliverymen. Cheek the ways of delivery before you bid.What is the passage mainly aboutA. How to make payment online.B. Ways of making delivery onlineC. Advantages of an online-auction system.D. How to use an online-auction system.第三局部主旨类解题归纳总结(一)经历总结: 1.把握逻辑构造,提高这方面的能力对于阅读议论文或说明文尤为重要,在此类文章中常用某个细节来引出题目从而进展议论,在议论的过程中可能会出现一些论据或细节描述,这局部常被设置为此类试题的干扰项。

2024年高考英语复习讲练测(新教材新高考)阅读理解细节理解题(原卷版)

2024年高考英语复习讲练测(新教材新高考)阅读理解细节理解题(原卷版)

第1讲阅读理解细节理解题(模拟精练+真题演练)根据文章选择正确的选项1.(2023年河北衡水中学模拟预测A篇)Big Thinkers SeriesThe2022Big Thinkers Series from New Scientist events features four online talks,covering a wide range of topics by world-class scientist speakers and experts.If you are curious about your planet or your universe,then this series is your place to hear the latest research.Save£20off the standard ticket price by purchasing a series ticket to all four talks in the Big Thinkers Series(available on-demand)or purchase single tickets for just£13per lecture(available by early booking).Reality+:From the Matrix to the Metaverse with David ChalmersIn this talk,philosopher David Chalmers argues that Metaverse-style virtual worlds experienced through headsets are also genuine and meaningful realities and we can live a meaningful life in VR.What we don’t know about gravity with Claudia de RhamWe are all familiar with the concept of gravity.In this talk,Professor Claudia de Rham will explore how much we actually know about gravity and how much more there is left to uncover.A Brief History of Timekeeping with Chad OrzelFrom Stonehenge to atomic clocks,here is the5,000-year history of how science is used to mark time.Chad Orzel,the internationally bestselling author of How to Teach Quantum Physics to Your Dog,offers us a witty journey through scientific theory and quirky(反常的)historical detail.Physics at the End of the universe with Katie MackThe Big Bang theory tells the story of the beginning of the universe for the last13.8billion years.But how does the story end?Join astronomer Katie Mack as she shares what modern astrophysics tells us about the final fate of the universe.1.How much does a series ticket cost?A.£13.B.£20.C.£30.D.£32.2.What will Chad Orzel lecture in?A.The genuine reality.B.The secrets of gravity.C.The history of time marking.D.The final fate of the universe.3.What do the four talks have in common?A.They are all aimed at science lovers.B.They are all concerned with gravity. C.They will all be given by bestselling authors.D.They will all be given by excellent physicians.2.(2023年河北衡水中学模拟预测B篇)Helga Stentzel’s Clothesline Animals combine charming images as fine art prints in various sizes.As an artist whose style she calls“household surrealism(超现实主义)”,she works in various media and has a large collection of works.Instead of throwing an old pair of pants or T-shirt away,Helga Stentzel puts her tired garments out to the farm.By hanging them on a simple clothesline she sets up and folding them artfully that look like animals,she takes wonderful pictures.Some are shot in real locations while others are digitally placed in environments in charming form with appealing colors.4.How did Stentzel create an artwork according to paragraph2?A.By designing clothes on software.B.By painting animals in various colors.C.By taking photos of animals on the farm.D.By hanging clothes folded in animal shapes.3.(2023年浙江金华一中联考二模)“Anyone knows single parents who can’t afford to get their child’s hair done for school?I will braid(编辫子)it for free!”Brittany Starks wrote on a Facebook post.She decided to offer her hair braiding services after a family friend delivered backpacks full of school supplies,clothing and shoes for Cayden and Ceniyah in early August.“At the time,I didn’t have anything for my kids to start school,”said Starks,who is in between homes and staying with her mother.“It meant so much to me.”What got Brittany Starks to offer her hair braiding service?A.A post on Facebook.B.Her friend’s timely help.C.Her mother’s advice.D.A trip to her kids’school.4.(2023年湖北华中师大一附中模拟预测)HobbitonUnlike the other locations in this list,the Shire is a wholly artificial set,built on a sheep farm on New Zealand‘s North Island.Created for Peter Jackson’s big-screen adaptation of J.R.R. Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings trilogy,Hobbiton began to draw curious fans shortly after therelease of the first film in the series.In time,what began as a temporary location designed to host a three-month movie shoot has evolved into a Tolkienesque theme park with over350,000visitors annually.Which of the four locations should you visit if you are a big fan of J.R.R.Tolkien?A.Mars(The Martian).B.Jurassic Park.C.Hobbiton.D.King’s Landing.5.((2023年湖北华中师大一附中模拟预测)I truly believe we all have a very special purpose in life,regardless of who we are or where we come from.After ten years of working for a major Wall Street bank,I wanted to do something challenging.So when I read a Merrill Lynch advertisement looking to hire more stockbrokers(股票经纪人),with great excitement,I made some phone calls and arranged to meet with one of its branch vice presidents.After this interview and interviews with twelve of his top stockbrokers,I eventually landed the job.The first few months was a struggle.I lived on very little commission(佣金).Night after night,I left the office weary and exhausted,ready to give up,yet somehow returning the next morning to start anew day.Eventually,all the hard work paid off.In less than four years,I became one of the top sales people at my branch and increased personal sales by1,700percent.The success earned me a six-figure income,promotion and numerous sales awards.46.Why did the author meet with a Merrill Lynch branch vice president?A.To arrange an interview.B.To make an advertisement.C.To employ more clerks.D.To get a position.6.(2023届湖北省襄阳四中模拟试题)A Wild Child's Guide to Endangered AnimalsFrom New York Times bestselling author Millie Marotta comes this gorgeous celebration of the animal kingdom.Highlighting43endangered species,the book takes readers on a trip around the world while learning about rare and well-known animals and their habitats.MarcovaldoMarcovaldo is a collection of20short stories written by Italo Calvino.Describing the life of a poor rural man living in northern Italy,the stories unfold according to the seasonal cycle of a mon themes in the stories include pollution,failure and poverty.The Art of MondoOver the years,Mondo has received global recognition for its incredible art posters that bring to life classic films,television shows,and comics such as Jurassic Park.For the first time,The Art of Mondo brings together this highly sought-after art in one volume that showcases the incredible creativity of the studio's artists whose vastly different styles are united by one guiding principle:limitless passion for their subject matters.The Coming of the Third ReichThere is no story in20th-century history more important to understand than Hitler's rise to power and the collapse(坍塌)of civilization in Nazi Germany.The Coming of the Third Reich,by Richard Evans,offers a masterful combination of academic work,important new research and interpretations.Patriarchy and CapitalismChizuko Ueno,a leading Japanese sociologist,feminist critic and public intellectual,has been a pioneer in women's studies and the author of many books,including Patriarchy and Capitalism. 50.Which book will you choose if you are interested in art?A.Marcovaldo.B.The Art of Mondo.C.The Coming of the Third Reich.D.Patriarchy and Capitalism.51.Who cares about women's rights and interests?A.Millie Marotta.B.Italo Calvino.C.Richard Evans.D.Chizuko Ueno.7.(2023年湖南长沙雅礼中学二模)Known on social media as The Sioux Chef,Sean Sherman grew up on the Pine Ridge Indian Reservation.He is reconnecting the locals of North America with native flavors and ingredients, and working to inspire a generation of indigenous(本土的)chefs to reclaim their cooking past.Pine Ridge in South Dakota contains some of the poorest communities in the country,and it’s out of that environment that Sherman got his first job in the restaurant industry as a dishwasher at a local steakhouse.As he developed a love of cooking,which saw him move to Minneapolis to study Japanese and French cuisines,Sherman realized he didn’t know indigenous recipes.“What were my Lakota ancestors eating and storing away?How were they getting oils,salts and fats and things like that?”Sherman remembered asking himself in an interview on PBS NewsHour.“So it took me quite a few years of just researching,but it really became a passion.”These years of researching,talking to elders,and consulting written material helped him produce The Sioux Chefs Indigenous Kitchen,which in2018won Sherman the James Beard Award for Best American Cookbook.After publishing the book,Sherman opened his restaurant,Owamni,in Minneapolis and created the North American Traditional Indigenous Food Systems(NATIFS).It is a professional indigenous kitchen and training center that seeks to create an educational space for native chefs to be trained and develop their skills,and reconnect with their cooking heritage.“Part of our challenge to ourselves was to cut out ingredients that are not native so we stopped using dairy,wheat flour and cane sugar,”he said.He cooks with local ingredients.His choices of meats are the same as those hunted by his ancestors—deer,fish,and birds.“For indigenous people who went through very strong assimilation(同化现象),we lost a lot of our food culture,”Sherman said.“But we’re at a point now where we can reclaim it and develop it for the next generation.To be able to share culture through food will be really healing.”64.What did Sherman realize when he was in Minneapolis?A.He didn’t have enough cooking passion.B.He should spend a few years researching cooking.C.He should write a book about the indigenous recipes.D.He didn’t know his Lakota ancestors’cooking ways and ingredients.65.Sherman set up the NATIFS center to________.A.make money and open his own restaurantB.build an educational space for local childrenC.train and help local chefs to cook local foodD.teach native chefs the most superb cooking skills66.What is a problem for his native cooking culture according to Sherman?A.Very strong assimilation.B.Its high speed of evolution.C.Too much meat in the diet.D.Indigenous recipes that can’t be shared.8.(2023年广东华南师大附中模拟预测)Check out what’s coming soon and what’s in development.Playbill will update these listings when new information is made available.THE COLLABORATION at Samuel J.Friedman TheatreThe play tells a true story in New York.Fifty-six-year-old Warhol’s star is falling.Jean is the new wonder-kid taking the art world by storm.When Jean agrees to work together with Warhol on a new exhibition,it soon becomes the talk of the city.The two artists set foot on a shared journey, both artistic and deeply personal,which redraws both their worlds.ALMOST FAMOUS at Bernard B.Jacobs TheatreBased on the film of the same name in2000,the musical features Pulitzer winner Kitt and a book by Crowe,who earned an Oscar award for writing the original film based on his own teenage experience.The coming-of-age story tracks a15-year-old music fan named William who follows the emerging band Stillwater on tour.THE PIANO LESSON at Ethel Barrymnore TheatreThe play is the fourth in Wilson’s Century Cycl,which digs into the Black experience in every decade of the20th century.Set in Pittsburgh’s Hill District in1936,it centers around a brother and a sister involved in a battle over a piano carved with the faces of their ancestors.KIMBERLY AKIMBO at Booth TheatreKim is a bright and funny high school girl,who happens to look like a72-year-old lady.And yet her aging disease may be the least of her problems.Forced to deal with family secrets,and possible crime charges,Kim is determined to explore happiness in a world where not even time is on her side.68.What kind of play is THE COLLABORATION?A.A romance.B.A life story.C.A fairy tale.D.A sci-fi story. 69.Which theatre should you visit if you want to learn about racial issues?A.Samuel J.Friedman Theatre.B.Bernard B.Jacobs Theatre.C.Ethel Barrymore Theatre.D.Booth Theatre.9.(2023届福建省厦门一中高三下学期二模试题)I have lived in rural America for nine years,first in Michigan,where I got my PhD;then in central Illinois and now in Indiana,where I am a professor.In a place where most people have lived the whole of their lives,I feel like a stranger.There are few things I enjoy more than complaining about my geographic isolation.I’m a vegetarian,so there’s nowhere to go for a nice dinner that isn’t50miles away.I’m black,so there’s nowhere to get my hair done that doesn’t involve another50-mile drive.And the closest major airport is two hours away.What causes the author’s loneliness?A.Dietary habits.B.Racial prejudice.C.Educational differences.D.Identity confusion.10.(2023届江苏南京市盐城市第二次调研试题)In southeastern Brazil,local fishers walk into dark waters in search of mullet(鲻鱼)On their own,it would be tricky to find the silvery fish.But the humans get help from an unusual partner: wild bottlenose dolphins.With nets in hand,the fishers patiently wait as their cetacean(鲸类的)partners drive the fish toward the shore.A signal from the dolphins—usually a deep dive—indicates when they should cast their nets.This fishing partnership has passed down through the generations,lasting for more than a century.24.What do the first two paragraphs talk about concerning Brazilian fishers?A.They trick dolphins into fishing for them.B.They harvest more fish with dolphins'help.C.They have been training dolphins over a century.D.They cast the fishing nets when dolphins surface.11.(2023届江苏省苏州八校联盟高三二模检测试题)Master Gardener Volunteers WantedWhy Become a Master Gardener?The Master Gardener program is an all-volunteer organization where you can develop your own leadership and teaching skills while teaching the younger youth about healthy eating, agriculture,and so on!Master Gardeners involve people in activities to improve their general well-being and overall enjoyment of life by helping them find sound management practices for home and urban natural resources,by creating pleasing environments through people-plant interactions and horticultural therapy(园艺疗法),and by contributing to a safe,abundant food supply through home fruit and vegetable production.What Qualifications Must You Meet?Anyone can apply to be a Master Gardener—you don’t need to be an expert or have a degree. You do,however,need to:●Have certain experience or know a little about gardening or landscape management.●Be willing to share horticulture information with others.●Be willing to attend a training program and can devote time to volunteering and continuing education.Besides,to become a Master Gardener volunteer,each applicant needs to complete an application,prepare background screening paperwork and schedule an interview with Extension staff.What Does the Training Involve?Training sessions are offered one day a week over a three-month period and are led by expert educators in the region.Approximately60hours of classroom instruction and field study and60 hours of volunteer internship(实习)work are required to complete the program and become certified.In order to remain a certified Master Gardener,30hours of volunteer work and10hours of continuing education or advanced training are required each year1.What does a Master Gardener do?A.Help raise people’s quality of life by horticulture.B.Teach the youth about diets and agriculture.C.Promote horticultural practices at home.D.Train volunteers to help with gardening.2.What is required if you want to apply to be a Master Gardener?A.Acquiring excellent teaching skills.B.Having some relevant knowledge.C.Completing given training sessions.D.Obtaining rich volunteer experience.12.(2023届湖南省九校联盟第二次联考英语试题)Are you fond of watching films?Does the colorful,natural,or spectacular scenery in the films attract you to travel to their locations?We have selected three gorgeous film locations in China.If you’re a film fan or an outdoor enthusiast,check them out!Fengguo Temple&The Grandmaster(《一代宗师》)Located in Y’xian county,Jinzhou,Northeast China’s Liaoning province,the Fengguo Temple is a Buddhist temple established in1020,covering a total area of60,000square meters.It is one of only three Liao Dynasty temples still in existence in China.The main hall of the Fengguo Temple is the Buddha hall believed to be one of the largest in the world in ancient times.It is home to the world’s oldest and largest clay sculptures of painted Buddha statues.The Fengguo Temple was designated(指定)as a national foremost protected cultural heritage site in1961and a4A-level tourist attraction in2009.Yunshuiyao Ancient Town&The Knot(《云水谣》)Situated in Zhangzhou,East China’s Fujian province,Yunshuiyao Ancient Town has a long history and is one of the scenic spots of the world heritage site,the Fujian Tulou.There is a magnificent banyan tree(榕树)group in the town consisting of13banyan trees,some of which are thousands of years old.Yunshuiyao Ancient Town is distinguished for its unique tulou clusters at the foot of the mountain.Fifty-three of these earthen buildings,which were first constructed in the mid Yuan Dynasty,are still standing today.Dajiu Lake Wetland Park&The Assassin(《刺客聂隐娘》)Located in Shennongjia UNESCO Global Geopark,Central China’s Hubei province,the Dajiu Lake Wetland Park boasts fascinating sceneries.It is a rare subalpine peat marsh wetland in the world’s middle latitude,at an altitude of over1,730meters and with a total area of20,000 hectares.Known as“Hulun Buir of Hubei province”,it is home to nine lakes on the plateau and lush meadows(草地).In the wetland park,there are extensive alpine meadows,wetland ferns(蕨类植物),and some animals,such as storks,cranes,and sika deer,which are valuable for scientific research.1.What is special about Fengguo Temple?A.Its main hall is considered the largest in the world.B.It was designated as a4A-level tourist attraction in1961.C.It is one of only three Buddhist temples in existence in China.D.It houses the world’s oldest and largest clay sculptures of painted Buddha statues. 2.What can we know from the text?A.There are13banyan trees in Yunshuiyao Ancient Town. B.There are unique earthen buildings in Yunshuiyao Ancient Town. C.The Dajiu Lake Wetland Park is on the UNESCO World Heritage List. D.The Dajiu Lake Wetland Park is home to many rare plants and animals.Travel Writing·Starting date:24th April,2023·Duration:8weeks·Time:6:30pm to9:00pm·Occurs:Monday·Fees:£355•Location:OnlineCourse overviewIn this writing for travel course you will learn how to evoke(唤起)a sense of place,structure your story,and how travel writers connect with the travel industry to get“hospitality”.Who is it for?This course is aimed at those with some writing experience who want to develop their ideas for travel writing.It also suits photographers looking to add words to their pictures and bloggers looking to engage more readers.This course is not suitable for those who wish to improve their English.1.How long is the total class hours?A.24hours.B.20hours.C.8hours.D.2.5hours.15.(2023届江苏新高考基地高三4月大联考)It took Schultz a year to convince the Starbucks owners to hire him.When they finally made him director of marketing and operations in1982,he had another idea.This one occurred in Italy, when Schultz noticed the coffee bars that existed on almost every block.He learned that they not only served excellent espressos(蒸馏咖啡),they also served as meeting places or public squares, and there were200,000of them in the country.But when he came back to Seattle,the Starbucks owners resisted Schultz’s plans to serve coffee in the stores,saying the restaurant business was competitive,and it was costly to hire waiters.After all,economic benefits were their primary motivator.Frustrated,Schultz quit and started his own coffee-bar business in1985,named“II Giornale”.It was successful,and two years later,the original Starbucks management sold its Starbucks retail unit to Schultz for$3.8million.As the company began to expand rapidly in the1990s,Schultz always said that the main goal was“to serve a great cup of coffee”.Asked about the secret of his success,Schultz told us the principles:“Don’t be threatened by people smarter than promise anything but your core values.”24.What caused Schultz to join the Starbucks?A.The pleasant smell of its coffee bean.B.His strong desire to improve himself. C.The owners’impressive work attitude.D.His eagerness to sell more coffeemakers. 25.Which of the following can best describe Schultz’s personality?A.Committed and generous.B.Sociable and helpful.C.Motivated and considerate.D.Determined and creative.26.Why did the Starbucks owners refuse to serve coffee in the stores?A.Many coffee bars had existed in Seattle.B.People preferred tasting coffee at home.C.Workforce was insufficient in the market.D.They tried to avoid high cost of labor force.27.What does Schultz think contributes to his success?A.Learning from smarter people.B.Sticking to his own core values. C.Keeping his business a secret.D.Remembering a set of principles.根据文章选出正确的选项1.(2023年新高考I卷A篇)PricesHand Brake,Three Gears Foot Brake,No Gears1hour€7.50€5.003hours€11.00€7.501day(24hours)€14.75€9.75Each additional day€8.00€6.002.How much do you pay for renting a bike with hand brake and three gears for two days?A.€15.75.B.€19.50.C.€22.75.D.€29.50.2.(2023年新高考I卷B篇)......The task John set for himself was to remove harmful substances from some sludge(污泥). First,he constructed a series of clear fiberglass tanks connected to each other.Then he went around to local ponds and streams and brought back some plants and animals.He placed them in the tanks and waited.Little by little,these different kinds of life got used to one another and formed their own ecosystem.After a few weeks,John added the sludge.He was amazed at the results.The plants and animals in the eco-machine took the sludge as food and began to eat it!Within weeks,it had all been digested,and all that was left was pure water.Over the years,John has taken on many big jobs.He developed a greenhouse-like facilitythat treated sewage(污水)from1,600homes in South Burlington.He also designed aneco-machine to clean canal water in Fuzhou,a city in southeast China.“Ecological design”is the name John gives to what he does.“Life on Earth is kind of a box of spare parts for the inventor,”he says.“You put organisms in new relationships and observe what’s happening.Then you let these new systems develop their own ways to self-repair.”5.Why did John put the sludge into the tanks?A.To feed the animals.B.To build an ecosystem.C.To protect the plants.D.To test the eco-machine.3.(2023年新高考I卷C篇)The goal of this book is to make the case for digital minimalism,including a detailed exploration of what it asks and why it works,and then to teach you how to adopt this philosophy if you decide it’s right for you.8.What is the book aimed at?A.Teaching critical thinking skills.B.Advocating a simple digital lifestyle.C.Solving philosophical problems.D.Promoting the use of a digital device.4.(2023年新高考I卷D篇)On March7,1907,the English statistician Francis Galton published a paper which illustrated what has come to be known as the“wisdom of crowds”effect.The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases,the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.This effect capitalizes on the fact that when people make errors,those errors aren’t always the same.Some people will tend to overestimate,and some to underestimate.When enough of these errors are averaged together,they cancel each other out,resulting in a more accurate estimate.If people are similar and tend to make the same errors,then their errors won’t cancel each other out.In more technical terms,the wisdom of crowds requires that people’s estimates be independent.If for whatever reasons,people’s errors become correlated or dependent,the accuracy of the estimate will go down.But a new study led by Joaquin Navajas offered an interesting twist(转折)on this classic phenomenon.The key finding of the study was that when crowds were further divided into smaller groups that were allowed to have a discussion,the averages from these groups were more accurate than those from an equal number of independent individuals.For instance,the average obtained from the estimates of four discussion groups of five was significantly more accurate than the average obtained from20independent individuals.13.Navajas’study found that the average accuracy could increase even if________.A.the crowds were relatively smallB.there were occasional underestimatesC.individuals did not communicateD.estimates were not fully independent5.(2023年新高考II卷A篇)Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of ranger programs throughout the park,and throughout the year.The following are descriptions of the ranger programs this summer.Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone(May26to September2)Whether you’re hiking a backcountry trail(小径),camping,or just enjoying the park’s amazing wildlife from the road,this quick workshop is for you and your family.Learn where to look for animals and how to safely enjoy your wildlife watching experience.Meet at the Canyon Village Store.Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics(June5to August21)Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities to the animals of Yellowstone.Stay for as little or as long as your plans allow.Meet in front of the Visitor Education Center.Canyon Talks at Artist Point(June9to September2)From a classic viewpoint,enjoy Lower Falls,the Yellowstone River,and the breathtaking colors of the canyon(峡谷)while learning about the area’s natural and human history.Discover why artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place.Meet on the lower platform at Artist Point on the South Rim Drive for this short talk.Photography Workshops(June19&July10)Enhance your photography skills—join Yellowstone’s park photographer for a hands-on program to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone.6/19—Waterfalls&Wide Angles:meet at Artist Point.7/10—Wildflowers&White Balance:meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.2.What is the short talk at Artist Point about?A.Works of famous artists.B.Protection of wild animals.C.Basic photography skills.D.History of the canyon area.3.Where will the participants meet for the July10photography workshop?A.Artist Point.B.Washburn Trailhead.C.Canyon Village Store.D.Visitor Education Center.6.(2023年新高考II卷B篇)Turning soil,pulling weeds,and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and high school kids.And at first it is,says Abby Jaramillo,who with another teacher started Urban Sprouts,a school garden program at four low-income schools.The program aims to help students develop science skills,environmental awareness,and healthy lifestyles.4.What do we know about Abby Jaramillo?A.She used to be a health worker.B.She grew up in a low-income family.C.She owns a fast food restaurant.D.She is an initiator of Urban Sprouts.7.(2023年新高考II卷C篇)In this“book of books,”artworks are selected and arranged in a way that emphasizes these connections between different eras and cultures.We see scenes of children learning to read at home or at school,with the book as a focus for relations between the generations.Adults are。

高考英语阅读理解细节理解题的解题步骤和方法

高考英语阅读理解细节理解题的解题步骤和方法

细节理解题解题步骤与方法一、教学引入细节理解题.是高考英语阅读理解最重要一类题型。

根据我分类,所有阅读理解题型按照答案在文中出现位置与形式不通,可以分为细节理解与主旨大意两大类,而前一类在整个题量当中大概会占到80%甚至以上比例。

二、细节理解题分类细节理解题答案往往不是文章中细节在选项中简单重复,而是根据文中细节经过合理推理或转化得出。

1.同样,按照答案在原文中出现位置,细节理解题可以分为集中型细节理解题与分散型细节理解题。

〔1〕集中型:就文章单个细节提问,答案在原文中出现位置一般也位于单句话或几句话中。

因为具体细节不同,出题形式千变万化,因题而异。

如:【2021江苏】57. According to the passage, the ancestors of the Potter family most probably【2021上海】70.. As is mentioned in the card, the limitation of the research paper mainly lies in that〔2〕分散型:题目涉及到文章某一段或几段,甚至贯穿全文各个位置,需要考生寻找文章中多个细节。

请注意,分散型细节理解题并不意味着题目正确答案出现在文章不同位置,正确答案往往也是关于文章某一个句子或细节。

只是说文章干扰选项是关于不同细节,需要我们在定位时候阅读某一个区域。

分散型细节理解题常见出题方式有:Which of the following is not trueWe can learn/infer from the passage that…Which of the following is NOT mentioned about …也有因题而异,有些看似集中其实也分散在文中,需要考生仔细定位。

如:【2021江苏】61. Some people are against killing wolves because .原文所陈述原因有很多段,而并不是单个句子。

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专题一阅读理解第1讲细节理解题[真题演练]A(2017·全国卷Ⅰ,阅读理解B)I work with Volunteers for Wildlife,a rescue and education organization at Bailey Arboretum in Locust to help injured,displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking;survival is never ,when it works,it is simply beautiful.I got a rescue call from a woman in had found a young owl(猫头鹰) on the I arrived,I saw a 2-to 3-week-old had already been placed in a carrier for safety.I examined the chick(雏鸟) and it seemed fine,If I could locate the nest,I might have been able to put it back,but no next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.The homeowner was very wire basket was put some pinebranches into the basket to make this nest safe and placed the chick in the nest,and it quickly calmed down.Now all that was needed were the parents,but they were gave the homeowner a recording of the hunger screams of owl advertise the presence of chicks to adults;they might also encourage our chick to start calling as gave the owner as much information as possible and headed home to see what news the night might bring.A nervous night to be sure,but sometimes the spirits of nature smile on us all!The homeowner called to say that the parents had responded to the drove over and saw the chick in the nest looking healthy and it was accompanied in the nest by the greatest sight of all—LUNCH!The parents had done their duty and would probably continue to do so.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。

文章主要讲述了作者救助一只猫头鹰幼雏的经历。

★ is unavoidable in the author's rescue work according to Paragraph 1A.Efforts made in vain.B.Getting injured in his work.C.Feeling uncertain about his future.D.Creatures forced out of their homes.解析:细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“Trying to help injured,displaced or sick creatures can be heartbreaking;survival is never certain.”可知,救助野生动物的工作有时让人悲伤,因为不能保证野生动物会存活下来,也就是说,救助野生动物的努力可能会白费,故选A项。

B项曲解文意,第一段提到了帮助受伤的野生动物,而不是说作者难免会在工作中受伤。

C项曲解文意,第一段中的survival is never certain是说野生动物能否存活下来不能确定,而不是说作者对自己的未来感到不确定。

D项曲解文意,第一段中提到了injured,displaced or sick creatures,但并不是说野生动物被迫离开家园在作者的工作中是不可避免的。

答案:A★ was the author called to MuttontownA.To rescue a woman.B.To take care of a woman.C.To look at a baby owl.D.To cure a young owl.解析:细节理解题。

根据题干中的Muttontown可定位到第二段。

根据第二段中的“She had found a young owl(猫头鹰)on the I arrived,I saw a 2-to 3-week-old owl.”可知,一位女士在地上发现了一只猫头鹰幼雏,她给作者打了求助电话,由此可知,这位女士让作者去Muttontown是为了让作者看一看那只猫头鹰幼雏,故选C项。

A、B两项颠倒是非,作者接到了一位女士的求助电话,但不是去救助或照顾这位女士。

D项曲解文意,女士打电话时并不确定猫头鹰幼雏是否受伤,所以她不是让作者去治好它。

答案:C★ made the chick calm downA.A new nest. B.Some food.C.A recording. D.Its parents.解析:细节理解题。

根据第四段中的“I placed the chick in the nest,and it quickly calmed down.”可知,作者为猫头鹰幼雏做的新鸟巢让它很快安静下来,故选A项。

B项无中生有,文章没有提到作者给猫头鹰幼雏提供食物。

C、D两项曲解文意,文章提到作者给房主一段录音来帮助寻找猫头鹰幼雏的父母,但录音和猫头鹰幼雏的父母并不是让它安静下来的事物。

答案:A27.How would the author feel about the outcome of the event A.It's unexpected. B.It's beautiful.C.It's humorous. D.It's discouraging.解析:推理判断题。

根据最后一段可知,作者这次救助猫头鹰幼雏的工作非常成功,再结合第一段中的“However,when it works,it is simply beautiful.”可知,救助工作成功让作者感觉极好,故选B项。

A项“出乎意料的”、C项“幽默的”、D项“使人气馁的”,均不符合文意。

答案:BB(2016·全国卷Ⅱ,阅读理解A)What's OnElectric_Underground7:30 p.m.—1:00 a.m. Free at the Cyclops Theater Do you know who's playing in your area We're bringing you an exciting evening of live rock and pop music from the best local you interested in becoming a musician and getting a recording contract(合同) If so,come early to the talk at 7:30pm by Jules Skye,a successful record 's going to talk about how you can find the right person to produce your music.Gee_Whizz8:30 p.m.—10:30 p.m. Comedy at KaleidoscopeCome and see Gee Whizz 's the funniest stand-up comedian on the comedy joyful show will please everyone,from the youngest to the Whizz really knows how to make you laugh! Our bar is open from 7:00pm for drinks and snacks (快餐).Simon's_Workshop5:00 p.m.—7:30 p.m. Wednesdays at Victoria Stage This is a good chance for anyone who wants to learn how to do workshop looks at every kind of comedy,and practices many different ways of making people is a comedian and actor who has 10 years' experience of teaching workshops are exciting and evening with Simon will give you the confidence to be funny.Charlotte_Stone8:00 p.m.—11:00 p.m. Pizza WorldFine food with beautiful jazz music;this is a great evening Stone will perform songs from her new best-selling CD,with James Pickering on the menu is Italian,with excellent meat and fresh fish,pizzas and pasta (面食).Book early to get a bar is open all day,and serves cocktails,coffee,beer,and white wine.【语篇解读】本文属于广告类阅读,介绍了四则广告,难度较小。

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