(完整版)2017中石油职称英语真题与答案解析
《中石油职称英语》word版
2008年中石油职称英语试题及答案完整版（试卷类型 24）英语, 中石油, 试题, 试卷, 职称英语, 中石油, 试题, 试卷, 职称英语水平考试试卷类型：24答卷注意事项1、请各位考生拿到试卷以后首先检查试卷类型（在本页右上角）是否和自己的准考证号末两位一致，如不一致请立即要求监考教师更换，否则将影响成绩。
2、本次考试包括试卷一和试卷二，考试时间为9:00-11:00。
试卷一为客观选择题，在标准答题卡上用2B铅笔将所选答案划出。
试卷二为翻译题，将译文写在答题纸上，填上单位、姓名、准考证号、考场号、考点，以备核对总分。
3、试卷一为标准化考试，所有答案必须在标准化答题卡上划出，若答在试卷上不予评分，后果自负。
4、在填写被准话答题卡时应注意：1）在填写“姓名、单位、准考证号”等栏目时，应用钢笔或圆珠笔。
在填涂准考证号时，一律用2B铅笔划横线。
注意准考证号不要漏涂或涂错，否则客观题部分将无成绩，责任由考生自负。
2）试卷一答题时一律用2B铅笔，若用钢笔或圆珠笔答题均无效，请按答题卡上“正确填涂”的示范划横线，横线长度和宽度以方框为准，若划“√、○、／、＼”等符号均为无效。
3）答题卡四角应保持平整，不应折角或皱卷，以免影响阅卷机工作。
4）如需更改答案时，应先用橡皮擦净后，再划线答题。
5、试卷二为翻译试题，请根据参加考试的级别选择一段翻译。
一律用钢笔或圆珠笔答在答题纸上。
字迹应尽量工整，用字规范，以免影响阅卷。
6、考场内考生只允许带2B铅笔、橡皮、尺子、钢笔或圆珠笔，其他词典、书本、资料和电子词典、BP机、手机、掌上电脑等工具一律不准带入场内。
7、遵守考场纪律，不得有交头接耳、左顾右盼、抄带纸条等作弊行为，一经发现，立即清除出场，并由人事部门严肃处理。
试卷一I. VocabularyDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.1. Being able to save and accumulatewealth is not automatic.A. considerateB. considerableC. consciousD. careful2. Wonderfulof nature are all around us.A. appearanceB. experienceC. phenomenaD. philosophy3. The whole countywith little red hearts on Valentine’s Day.A. breaks inB. breaks intoC. breaks offD. breaks out4. If I were the president of a university I shoulda compulsory course in “How to Use Your Eyes”.A. escapeB. establishC. estateD. elapse5. The statement that oil originated in the sea is by a glance at a map showing the chief oilfield of the world.A. confinedB. confessedC. conformedD. confirmed6. Almost 70 percent of all non-food purchases in supermarkets are generated byin-store .A. decidedB. decisiveC. decideD. decisions7. I believe that truth and justice areto an enduring social order.A. fundamentalB. fountainC. formationD. friction8. Some of these “upside down” airmail sta mps are now over $6,000.A. worthyB. worthedC. worthD. worthwhile9. The early pioneers had tomany hardships to settle on the new land.A. go intoB. go along withC. go back onD. go through10. Remember that customers don't about prices in that city.A. disputeB. bargainC. consultD. discuss11. Difficulties and hardships havethe best qualities of the young geologist.A. brought aboutB. brought inC. brought upD. brought out12. Do you know where the pictures on money?A. resulted fromB. removed fromC. came fromD. fell from13. I oftenabout how quickly time flies.A. complainB. complaintC. compileD. conceive14. I'm with computer programs that correct spelling through the use of built-in dictionaries.A. commonB. familiarC. knownD. friendly15. Male cigarette smokers have a higher death from heart disease than non-smoking males.A. rateB. priceC. speedD. degree16. With winter here you canthese skirts till you need them again next summer.A. get rid ofB. give awayC. do away withD. put away17. The good service at the hotelthe poor food to some extent.A. made forB. made outC. made up forD. mad use of18. Those gifts of rare books that were given to us were deeply .A. appliedB. appreciatedC. approvedD. appealed19. Inflation is the first problem that the new government will have to .A. revolveB. graspC. seizeD. tackle20. Few people whoof high school will be rich.A. run downB. check inC. drop outD. check outII. Grammatical StructureDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.21. The young receptionist doesn't permitin the exhibition center.A. smokingB. to smokeC. smokeD. to have smoked22. I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality forthe Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world.A. whatB. whomC. thatD. which23. More than two thousandswork in this refinery.A. RussiasB. RussianC. RussiansD Russia24. The ancient Egyptians believed all illnesses were related to was eaten.A. whatB. whichC. itD. that25. If all the continents and mountains were bulldozed fiat, the earth by water more than 12,000 feet deep.A. could have been coveredB. might had been coveredC. is coveredD. would be covered26. Since 1939, numerous scientific studiesto determine whether smoking is a health hazard.A. have been conductedB. are conductedC. is conductedD. being conducted27. All the money , we started looking for work.A. has been spentB. have been spentC. being spentD. having been spent28. One main branch of sea science, , holds enormous unanswered questions.A. physical oceanographyB. is physical oceanographyC. called physical oceanographyD. what is physical oceanography29. Ancrowd is awaiting the arrival of the famed statesman.A. exciteB. excitedlyC. excitedD. exciting30. Therea lot ofon the roads yesterday.A. were...trafficB. was...trafficC. were...trafficsD. was...traffics31. China and America are separated by .A. Pacific OceanB. a Pacific OceanC. the Pacific OceanD. Pacific Oceans32.to completely cut off its oil supply, it would badly damage its own economy.A. If Iran wasB. Was IranC. If Iran isD. Were Iran33.in 1943the harmful smog made its appearance in Los Angeles.A. Only...thatB. It was...thenC. That it was...whenD. It was...that34. The population of Beijing is three timesthat of Qingdao.A. so large asB. as large toC. as large asD. as larger than35. Hehis office for there was no one to answer the phone.A. must have leftB. must leaveC. may have leftD. can have left36. Jane's family couldn't agree on where to spendvacation.A. hisB. herC. itsD. their37. I will leave him a notehe will know where we are.A. so thatB. thatC. in orderD. in case38. The teacher thinks that Tomfor the accident and instead we should try to comfort him.A. doesn't blameB. is to blameC. isn't to blameD. isn't blamed39. When I pulled into her driveway, sheby the door with her coat on.A. is waitingB. was waitingC. waitsD. waited40. The clerk asked Robeylater in the day.A. returningB. to returnC. returnD. to be returnedIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:There are 5 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by4 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Questions 41 to 44 are based on the following passage:One of the most interesting paradoxes in America today is that Harvard University,the oldest institution of higher learning in the United States, is now engaged in a serious debate about what a university should be, and whether it is measuring up. Like the Roman Catholic Church and other ancient institutions, it is asking—still in private rather than in public—whether its past assumptions about faculty, authority, admissions, courses of study, are really relevant to the problems of the 1990's. Should Harvard—or any other university—be an intellectual sanctuary, apart from the political and social revolution of the age, or should it be a laboratory for experimentation with these political and social revolutions; or even an engine of the revolution? This is what is being discussed privately in the big clapboard houses offaculty members around the Harvard Yard.The issue was defined by Waiter Lippmann, a distinguished Harvard graduate, severalyears ago.“If the universities are to do their work," he said, "they must be independent and they must be disinterested...They are places to which men can turn for judgments which are unbiased by partisanship and special interest. Obviously, the moment theuniversities fall under political control, or under the control of private interests, or the moment they themselves take a hand in politics and the leadership of government, their value as independent and disinterested sources of judgment is impaired...”This is part of the argument that is going on at Harvard today. Another part is the argument of the militant and even many moderate students: that a university is the keepe r of our ideals and morals, and should not be “disinterested” but activist inbringing the nation's ideals and actions together.Harvard's men of today seem more troubled and less sure about personal, political and academic purpose than they did at the beginning. They are not even clear about how they should debate and resolve their problems, but they are struggling with them privately, and how they come out is bound to influence American universities andpolitical life in the 1990's.41. The issues in the debate on Harvard's goals are whether the universities shouldremain independent of our society and its problems, and whether they should . A. overcome the widespread drug dependencyB. take an active part in solving society's illsC. fight militarismD. support our old and established institutions42. The word “paradox” in paragraph 1 is .A. an abnormal conditionB. a parenthetical expressionC. a difficult puzzleD. a self-contradiction43. The word “sanctuary” in paragraph 3 is .A. a temple or nunnery of middle ageB. a certain place you can hide in and avoid mishapsC. a holy place dedicated to a certain godD. an academy for intelligent people44. In the author's judgment, the ferment going on at Harvard .A. will soon be over, because times are bound to changeB. is of interest mostly to Harvard men and their friendsC. will influence future life in AmericaD. is a sad symbol of our general bewildermentQuestions 45 to 48 are based on the following passage:Scientists now believe that many, if not all, living things are born with some type of hidden clock. These clocks are sometimes set by the number of hours of light or darkness in a day, by the rhythm of the tides or by the seasons.One of the most remarkable of nature's living clocks belongs to the fiddler crab, that familiar beach-dweller with tile overgrown claw. Biologists have long known that the crab's shell is darkest during the day, grows pale in late afternoon, then begins todarken again at daybreak. This daytime darkening is valuable for protection against enemies and sunlight, and for many years it was thought to be a simple response by the crab to the sun--just as if we were to get a tan during the day and lose it at night. But when an enterprising scientist placed a fiddler crab in darkness, be was amazed to find that the color of the crab's shell kept ticking off the time with the same accuracy.Yet another startling fact was revealed: the crab's shell reached the darkest color about 50 minutes later each day. There was a second clock inside the crab, for the tides also occur 50 minutes later from day to day. Moreover, even when the crabs were taken from the beach and put back in the dark, they continued their tidal rhythm.More research disclosed that a crab from Cape Cod, Massachusetts, reached its darkest color four hours earlier than the one taken from a beach on a neighboring island. The tides on the nearby island were found to be exactly four hours later thanthe Cape Cod tides.Ants don't carry calendars around with them any more than fiddler crabs possess real wrist watches. But ants show amazing accuracy as to the day of the year. Each year, an ant nest sends out winged, young queens on mating flights. Hundreds of them may fly out of a single nest in the soil. Last summer, at the crest of my mountain, I watched an ant city prepare to send forth its young queens. At the precise moment that they took wing, a colony of the same species that my wife was watching near the bottom of the mountain, also sent its queen on a wedding flight. There was, of course, no way could the two colonies have checked take off time with each other. Entomologist Albro T. Gaul once jotted down in his notebook that a particular the same time! This split-second timing is not always the rule. However, most flights takeplace within a definite period of time.Birds also have built-in timepieces which send them off on fall and spring migrations. What the birds really have is a clock like mechanism which allows them to time hoursof darkness or light in each day.But what sends birds northward again in the spring? New research by Dr. Albert Wdifson of Northwestern University seems to indicate that the timing of return flight is extraordinarily complex. In the fall of the year the short days and long nights cause the "clocks" in migratory birds to undergo a kind of "winding" in preparation for their spring return and breeding. Then during the late fall and winter as the clock "ticks", certain physiological changes occur in the bird. The length of each day during the winter determines how fast the clock will run, and hence when the "alarm" will ring for the spring migration. The clock continues to run through breeding time, thenstops—to be re-wound again the next fall.45. The alarm clock that determines the activity of certain living things is governedby ____.A. hours of daylightB. the time of day in their native environmentsC. the moonD. something we don't understand completely46. The fiddler crab seems to darken his color according to ____.A. time of sunriseB. its backgroundC. amount of daylightD. time of tides47. The reported activity of the ant colony occurred in relation to ____.A. the position of the sunB. the day of the yearC. the temperatureD. the geographical location48. What controls the migration of birds seems to be ____.A. dark, cloudy days and bright, sunny daysB. direction of migrationC. time between sunrise and sunsetD. breeding habitsQuestions 49 to 52 are based on the following passage:Medicine comes in many forms. In its liquid form, medicine affects the body very quickly. But the effects of liquid medicine aren't usually long lasting. That is whypills and capsules are also used.The pills and capsules being sold today aren't perfect, either. Pills dissolve in the stomach. The medicine in the pills is released when the pills dissolve. But often, thepills dissolve too quickly.Scientists have been trying to develop a pill that can release medicine slowly over a long period of time. They have applied their knowledge of plants to produce the“osmotic (渗透的) pump pill”.The cell walls of plants are made of cellulose (纤维素). Cellulose is a very porous substance. There are millions of tiny holes, or pores, in the cellulose walls of plants. These holes are big enough to allow water through the cell walls. As water enters a cell, pressure builds up in the cell. The pressure pumps other substances out of the cell. These substances leave the cell through the cellulose wall. This slow, steadyprocess is called osmosis.The osmotic pump pill is coated with synthetic cellulose. Liquid medicine is contained in the pill. The holes in the cellulose coating of the pill are big enough to allow water in the pill. As water from the body enters the pill, pressure builds up andthe medicine is then slowly pumped out of the pill.49. The passage implies that the osmotic pump pill is better than other pills andcapsules because____.A. it releases medicine slowly over a long period of timeB. the coating doesn't dissolve in the stomachC. the medicine in the pill can affect the body quicklyD. it helps to build pressure in the body50. The way that the osmotic pump pill works is based on a process called ____.A. celluloseB. osmosisC. pressureD. synthesis51. The passage implies that medicine in an osmotic pump pill will leave the pillwhen ____.A. the pill is swallowedB. the cellulose coating is dissolvedC. enough pressure builds up in the pillD. the medicine is dissolved with water from the body52. The passage implies that cellulose is a very porous substance because it contains____.A. millions of tiny holesB. a substance that dissolves itC. a substance that creates pressureD. liquid medicineQuestions 53 to 56 are based on the following passage:Prices determine how resources are to be used. They are also the means by which products and services that are in limited supply are rationed among buyers. The price system of the United States is a very complex network composed of the prices of all the products bought and sold in the economy as well as those of a myriad of services, including labor, professional transportation, and public-utility services. The interrelationships of all these prices make up the "system" of prices. The price of any particular product or service is linked to a broad, complicated system of prices in which everything seems to depend more or less upon everything else.If one were to ask a group of randomly selected individuals to define "price", many would reply that price is an amount of money paid by the buyer to the seller of a product or service or, in other words, that price is the money value of a product orservice as agreed upon in a market transaction. This definition is, of course, valid as far as it goes. For a complete understanding of a price in any particular transaction, much more than the amount of money involved must be known. Both the buyer and the seller should be familiar with not only the money amount, but also with the amount and quality of the product or service to be exchanged, the time and place at which the exchange will take place and payment will be made, the form of money to be used, the credit terms and discounts that supply to the transaction, guarantees on the product or service, delivery terms return privileges, and other factors. In other words, both buyer and seller should be fully aware of all the factors that comprise the total "package" being exchanged for the asked amount of money in order that theymay evaluate a given price.53. According to the passage, the price system is related primarily to ____.A. labor and educationB. transportation and insuranceC. utilities and repairsD. products and services54. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a factor in completeunderstanding of price?A. Instructions that come with a product.B. The quantity of a product.C. The quality of a product.D. Warranties that cover a product.55. In the last sentence of the passage, the word "they" refers to ____.A. return privilegesB. all the factorsC. buyer and sellerD. money56. The paragraph following the passage most likely discusses ____.A. unusual ways to advertise productsB. types of payment plans for serviceC. theories about how products affect different levels of societyD. how certain elements of a price "package" influence its market value2007中石油职称英语考试试题（含答案及分析）英语, 中石油, 试题, 职称, 考试英语, 中石油, 试题, 职称, 考试声明：这是友人所答，错误之处请见谅试卷类型：17I. VocabularyDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answeron the Answer Sheet.1. Your speech class will give you an opportunity to __ confidence.A. rewardB. winC. gainD. earn答案为C分析：翻译：你的演讲课会给你一次获得信心的机会。
中石油职称英语真题（打印版）（可编辑修改word版）
中石油职称英语真题（打印版）（可编辑修改word版）2005年真题I. Vocabulary(20 points)1.Within days he became paralyzed, and people feared that he might die.But he _________.a. absorbedb. dissolvedc. discoveredd. recovered2. Tilden, the other presidential ______, actually received more votes.a. advocateb. candidatec. sponsord. opponent3. An Olympic runner wins a _______.a. medalb. modelc. modled. modest4. To find out how the bees managed to tell time, an unusual experiment was _______ four years ago. a. carried on b. carried away c. carried out d. carried out5. Every society has its own peculiar custom and _____ of acting.a. waysb. behaviorc. attituded. means6. They ______ their knowledge in the exploding world of ideas.a. modernizeb. supplyc. updated. upgrade7. I should like to rent a house, modern, comfortable and ______ in a quiet neighborhood.a. all in allb. above allc. after all d over all 8. It’s difficult to divine what c onstitutes an ______ tip in any country.a. appropriateb. thoughtfulc. considerabled. sufficient9. Shipbuilders would not _____ their money unless they knew that they could make a profit.a. investb. invent d. involve d. invite10. At the end of four years, these six extra hours of each year ____ twenty-four hours, or one full day.a. add up tob. make up forc. come up withd. put up with11. Don’t ______ this news to the public until we give you the go-head.a. releaseb. relievec. related. retain12. Earth is one of nine planets which ______ around the sun.a. spinb. rollc. rotated. revolve13. “No sense in you getting us both killed!” I yelled _____ him.a. atb. withc. tod. out14. What you have done is ______ doctor’s orders.a. attached tob. responsible toc. resistant tod. contrary to15. I want to express the _____ of all of us, for this wonderfully warm welcome.a. appreciationb. enjoyment d. evaluation d. reputation16. We hire and ______ people mainly for their ability to do business.a. proceedb. progressc. promised. promote17. According to government mandate in the Lion City,tipping is not ______.a. admittedb. remittedc. permittedd. emitted18. The environmental costs were regarded more as temporary inconveniences than as _____ liability.a. imaginativeb. peculiarc. persistentd. original19. Scientists predict that the world’s known oil resources will _____early in the next century.a. run offb. run outc. run upd. run over20. Now a person works for a certain amount of money _____ he can pay for food and clothing.a. in caseb. so thatc. as tod. such asII. Grammar (20 points)21. The basic rock material is referred to ______.a. as the matrixb. be the matrixc. by scientist to be the matrixd. as being the matrix22. The oil industry of India ______ two World Wars and withstood theeconomic, social and political upheavals of a particularly troubled century.a. survivedb. has survivedc. was survived tod. has beensurviving23. Although baleen whale may weigh ______ twenty elephants, it feeds onsea plants and animals.a. so much tob. as much toc. so much asd. as much as24. Man uses the energy for everything from flying to the moon to ______about it.a. thinkb. thoughtc. thinkingd. will think25. _______ his arms over his head, Lincoln declared he was the “bigbuck of the lick.”a. Waveb. Wavingc. Wavedd. Been waved26. ______ retire are still able to receive pension that they have paidinto the social security system during their working days.a. Most peopleb. since most peoplec. Most people ared. Mostpeople who27. The reward was not always given to everyone, nor _____ to those whodeserved it most. a. it was not given b. was given c. it was not given nor d. wasnot it given28. Between 1890 and 1970 the monetary costs of supplying energy _____more or less constant or declined.a. to stayb. was stayedc. stayedd. has stayed29. The water ________ Manhattan has been very important to New York.a. surroundb. is surroundedc. surroundingd. surrounded30. The assumption _____ human cloning rests is that all genetic cellscontain exact copies of the original set o9f genetic instructions.a. on whichb. on thatc. at whichd. which31. For the creatures to become oil, it was necessary that they ______between layers of rock for an enormous length of time.a. been imprisonedb. shall be imprisonc. should be imprisond.will be imprisoned32. The gas-oil contact or gas-water contact_____ the lower limit ofproducible gas.a. isb. arec. wered. has been33. There is also an interest in sea horse, puffers and other saltytypes with shapes ____ and colors ____ than even the showiest of fresh-water fish.a. more strange…more brightb. stranger…. brighterc. stranger… more brighterd. more strange…brighter34. _______ was a planted sapling of the American redwood tree.a. There is one of the giftsb. One of the gifts thatc. That oneof the gifts d. One of the gifts35. An air ship _______ by energy from the sun has been suggested.a. poweringb. to powerc. is poweredd. powered36. Most scientists agree _______ was hot for at least a time.a. some of the moon thatb. some of the moon itc. that some of the moond. while some of the moon37. A group of scientists demanded that the federal government ____ all the studies it has founded on cloning.a. revealb. revealedc. is revealingd. must reveal38. _______ hearing is really produced in all animals by the effect of pressure is not definitely known by scientists.a. If or notb. Whether or notc. have never heard ofd. had never heard of39. It was something we ________.a. never hear ofb. have never heard ofc. never heard ofd. had never heard of40. “Could I borrow your bike?”“Yes, you_________”. a. can b. could c. may d. wouldIII. Reading comprehension (30 points)Question 41-44Saudi Arabia, OPEC’s cautious giant, understands all this. When Bill Clinton met Saudi Arabia’s Crown Prince Abdullah this week, Mr. Clinton argued for an output rise big enough to put an end to these painful prices. Prince Abdullah has promised to “make every effort to ensure equilibrium in the oil markets and to stabilise prices.” This week he revealed that Saudi Arabia has been quietly leaking an extra 600,000 barrels per day (bpd) on to the market since July in an effort to cool prices..If that is true, it just goes to show that managing the oil markets is easier said than done. Despite several Saudi-inspired output increases by the cartel in recent months, the price has remained stubbornly high; this week, it soared to nearly $35 a barrel, the highest since theGulf war in 1990. As the cartel’s oil ministers gather in Vienna on September 10th to hammer out new production quotas, theyare once again under intense pressure to release more oil, and fast.To hear OPEC members talk, you might think that serious price relief is on the way. There is discussion of “managing” prices down through a newish price mechanism. At the cartel’s meeting in March, ministers quietly agreed a grand new plan to keep oil within a target band of $22-28 a barrel. If the price of a basket of seven OPEC crudes stays below $22 for 20 trading days, the cartel is supposed to cut production by 500,000 barrels a 0ay. If it stays above $28 for 20 trading days, it will automatically raiseproduction by the same amount. This price band has become the main topic of discussion in advance of the upcoming gathering of ministers. Prince Abdullah even talks of a return to a stable market within months.Oil traders and analysts note that the 20-day limit looks likely to be triggered again this week. A new report by Lehman Brothers, an investment bank, echoes the view of many: “Our expectation is that production will be increased by 500,000 bpd, either through the price mechanism or through a separate agreement.” When it released new figures suggesting that domestic oil-stock levels are lower than previously thought, the American government’s Energy Information Administration added that it too expects an increase of that size. Adding support to this theory are mumblings from OPEC delegates in support of the mechanism.Two decades ago, in the year of the cartel’s 20th birthday celeb rations, ministers gathered in Indonesia to hammer out details of a clever new scheme: a mechanism whereby the price of oil would be fixed, and adjusted every quarter automatically for such factors as inflation and currency fluctuations. Members had agreed on the ambitious plan, except for one crucial detail: at what price to start this price-peg crawling. The cautious Saudis, the self-proclaimed guardians of the oilmarket, wanted a price below $30 a barrel; the hawks in the cartel, unconcerned about consumers’ pain, demanded a much higher price. The ensuing bickering ensured that the scheme collapsed.History may now be repeating itself. When the current price-stabilization scheme was first unveiled, punters with short memories placed big bets that the cartel would adhere to it. Bymid-June, the price basket had sailed past the 20-day upper trigger. But OPEC did not “automatically” release 500,000 barrels. Various confused and contradictory explanations surfaced from ministers, but not the oil. Only at their next officially scheduled meeting did they come up with a meager quota increase.41. The passage confirms thata. high oil prices can be controlled if OPEC increase oil output.b. Bill Clinton accomplished his mission for the visit to Prince Abdullah.c. Abdullah made all his efforts to control oil price without considering the benefits of his own country.d. managing the oil market is easier said than done.42. How many oil price schemes were recommended by OPEC ministers according to the passage?a. Oneb. Twoc. Threed. Four43. What’s the author’s opinion about Saudi Arabia?a. Saudi Arabia is the largest country among the members of OPEC.b. Saudi Arabia is the most active country in OPEC to control oil prices for the benefit of the rest of the world.c. Saudi Arabia is the guardian of the world oil market.d. Saudi Arabia seems to have strong intention to control the oil pricesto a acceptable level, but it takes actions very carefully for the consideration of its own benefit.44. What can you infer fromthe passage?a. OPEC is, in the most cases, not reliable.b. all the members of OPEC have the intention to lower oil prices whenthe prices get very high.c. The oil prices are fully controlled by the market and OPEC can donothing with them even though they wish tod. In most cases OPEC has been very efficient in managing oil prices. Question 45-48The horse preceded man on earth. Although the earliest remains of primitive horses have been found on the North American continent, many scientist believe this small species traveled over a land mass in the Bering Sea to found the beginnings of the modern horse in Asia. It became extinct in America. Other scientists believe that the horse may have originated in Asia. In any event the animal soon spread into China, Europe, and the Middle East. The first modern horses to be introduced into the American continent came with the early Spanish explorers. Horses were bred into many types. The heavy horses developed in the low countries of Europe and were used for Arabian. The only true wild horses left in the 20th century are found in Mongolia. Horses are said to rate in intelligence after the ape, elephant, and dog. They have excellent memories and can sometimes find their way home when lost, and sense danger better that their masters. The early civilizations of man that had made use of ht horse developed more rapidly than those which did not.45. Some of the characteristics of the horse are _________a. poor memoriesb. great loyaltyc. more intelligent the dogd. in some areas they can surpass theabilities of man46. The horse originated___________a. in the Middle Eastb. in Europec. on the North Americancontinent d. in Spain47. The primary uses of the horse for early man were ___________a. for foodb. for prestigec. to make moneyd. to work for him48. What can be said about the varieties of horses?a. The early horses were larger than the more modern breeds.b. The only true wild horses left in the 20th century are in the Middle East.c. The oldest breed of the modern horse is said to be the Arabian.d. Medieval knights preferred fast, active horses.Questions 49-52Recent intrusions into the lives of public figures have highlighted the lack of laws guarding privacy in Britain. As a result, one issue under discussion as Parliament returns this week is the possible introduction of legislation to curb press powers.The government will probably take no action until it receives a report from a committee chaired by Sir David Calcutt, due in January 1993. the committee is examining whether the pressshould be regulated by tougher legislation. It is also considering the ways in which the press has invaded the private lives of the famous.The Calcutt committee has reported once before, in 1990. it recommendations led to the creation of the Press Complaints Commission, under which the press was given the chance to regulate itself without the need for a privacy law. It also proposed a new criminal offence of physical intrusion to obtain information for publication.This proposal, which was not acted upon, would have made it unlawful to photograph people on private property to record their conversations without permission. It would have made it an offence to enter a property to place a bug or obtain personal information.The committee said that the press should be allowed to invade the privacy of a public figure only when it was likely to expose or prevent criminal activity, otherwise his or privacy should be left alone. But a general law protecting privacy was rejected.Since then, reports in some newspapers and magazines about people’s private lives have ignored the committee’s recommendations. The private lives of Government Ministers and members of the Royal Family have featured prominently in the press. Photographs of the Duchess of York Sunbathing in France, for example, have been widely published.Some sections of the media justify their intrusion by saying it is in the public interest. In a democracy, they argue, the public has a right to know what people in positions of power are doing. Politicians and others are accountable for their lives. Privacy laws, these critics say, would protect the privileged.Additionally, many politicians use their private lives to gain popular support, for example by parading their families before cameras to emphasized “traditional value”. Hence, some editors say they are justified in prying into private lives to uncover any faults.Likewise, the Royal Family is supported from public funds, and therefore it is argued that its members should lead responsible private lives.49. Which of the following occurred recently in Britain?a. a report from a committee chaired by Sir David Calcutt. B. Intrusion into the lives of public figuresc. Introduction of legislation to cub press powerd. The Government’s action to protect privacy.50. Which of the following can be inferred from the passage?a. The press has more freedom to publish privacy of the famous after thefoundation of the Press Complaints Commission.b. To photograph public figures on public property is legal.。
职称英语理工真题附答案解析
职称英语理工真题附答案解析2017年职称英语理工真题附答案解析学者观书，每见每知新意则学进矣。
以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2017年职称英语理工真题附答案解析，希望能给大家带来帮助!第1部分：词汇选项(第1～15题，每题1分，共15分)下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1.I grabbed his arm and made him turn to look at me.A.seizedB.threwC.brokeD.stretched2.Traffic reaches its rush hour between 8:00 and 9:00 in the morning.A.borderB.goalC.peakD.level3.It seemed incredible that he had been there a week already.A.rightB.obviousC.unbelievableD.unclear4.I tried to detach myself from the reality of these terrible events.A.bringB.separateC.putD.set5.We found shelter from the rain under the trees.A.defenseB.standingC.protectionD.room6.This was an unexceptionally brutal attack.A.openB.cruelC.suddenD.direct7.She gets aggressive when she is drunk.A.worriedB.sleepyC.offensiveD.anxious8.We have to change the public’s perception that money is everything.A.sightB.beliefC.interestD.pressure9.The odd thing was that he didn’t recognize me.A.realB.wholeC.strangeD.same10.He was tempted by the high salary offered by thecompany.A.taughtB.keptC.attractedD.changed11.That performance was pretty impressive.pletelyB.veryC.beautifullyD.equally12.The frame needs to be strong enough to support the engine.A.bottomB.surfaceC.topD.structure13.She came across three children sleeping under a bridge.A.passed byB.took a notice ofC.woke upD.found by chance14.“There is no other choice,” she said in a harsh voice.A.firmB.softC.deepD.unkind15.I have little information as regards her fitness for the post.A.aboutB.atC.withD.from第2部分：阅读判断(第16～22题，每题1分，共7分)下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断;如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择A;如果该句提供的是错误信息，请选择B;如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择C。
职称英语理工真题附答案解析（2）
职称英语理工真题附答案解析（2）2017年职称英语理工真题附答案解析C.Russian ballet.D.why ballet is no longer popular.42.The word “pageants” in Paragraph 2 meansA.big shows.B.dances.C.instructions.D.royal courts.43.Professional ballet was first performed inA.France.B.Italy.C.Russia.D.America.44.Who had an important influence on early ballet?A.Balanchine.B.Antoinette.C.Diaghilev.D.Louis XIV.45.We can conclude from this passage that balletA.is a dying art.B.will continue to change.C.is currently performed only in Russia.D.is often performed by dancers with little training.第5部分：补全短文(第46～50题，每题2分，共10分)下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章面貌。
A Doctor in the HouseBrushing your teeth twice a day should keep the dentist away.But if a group of scientificresearchers have their wish, it will make the rest of your body healthy too. ______ (46) It isone of many gadgets proposed by engineers and doctors at the Center for Future Health inNew York— others include a pair of glasses that help to jog your memory, and a home cameradesigned to check for cancer.The devices seem fanciful, but the basic principles are simple. The gadgets should make iteasy for people to detect illness long before it strikes and so seek treatment far earlier thannormal. ______ (47) In the long run, the technology may even prevent illness by encouragingus to lead healthier lives.Intelligent bandages are a good example. Powerful sensors within the bandage could quicklyIdentify tiny amounts of bacteria in a wound and determine which antibiotics would workbest. ______ (48)Socks are long overdue for a makeover. In the future they will be able to automatically detectthe amount of pressure in your foot and alert you when an ulcer is coming up.All the projects should have far-reaching implications, but the biggest single development is amelanoma monitor designed to give early warnings of cancer. ______ (49) If a problem isfound, the system would advise you to get a check-u p at your doctor’s surgery.If all this sounds troublesome, then help is at hand. ______ (50) A standard computer wouldbe able to understand your voice and answer questions about your symptoms in plain Englishand in a way which would calm your nerves.A.Ex perts are also working on a ‘digital doctor’, complete with a comforting bedside manner.B.Instead of relying on hi-tech hospitals, the emphasis isshifted to the home and easy-to-use gadgets.C.The cut could then be treated instantly, so avoiding possible complications.D.That is going to be the difficult part.E.The device could be used to take a picture of your body each week, then compare it withprevious images.F.A toothbrush that checks blood sugar and bacteria while you brush is currently indevelopment in the USA.第6部分：完形填空(第52~65题，每题1分，共15分)下面的短文有15处空白，请根据短文内容为每处空白确定1个最佳选项。
2017年职称英语考试试卷及答案-综合类(B级)
2017年职称英语考试试卷及答案－综合类（B级）第1部分：词汇选项（第1～15题，每题1分，共15分）下面每个句子中均有1个词或短语划有底横线，请为每处划线部分确定1个意义最为接近的选项。
1 she found me very dullA dirtyB sleepyC lazyD boring2 The President made a brief visit to BeijingA shortB workingC formalD secret3 He was persuaded to give up the ideaA mentionB acceptC considerD drop4 Jack consumes a pound of cheese a dayA eatsB drinksC buysD produces5 Mary just told us a very fascinating storyA strangeB frighteningC difficultD interesting6 It's a gorgeous day anywayA lovelyB coldC normalD rainy7 Her life is becoming more diverseA generousB humorousC variedD romantic8 Foreign military aid was prolonging the warA broadeningB worseningC extendingD accelerating9 She was unwilling to go but she had no choice.A unableB IndecisiveC readyD reluctant10 She is slender, with delicate wrists and ankles.A sickB weakC slimD pale11 With immense relief, I stopped running.A someB enormousC littleD extensive12 The scientists began to accumulate data.A collectB handleC analyzeD investigate13 Jack eventually overtook the last truckA hitB passedC reachedD led14 Sometimes it is advisable to book hotels in advanceA possibleB profitableC easyD wise15 The reason for their unusual behavior remains a puzzleA factB mysteryC statementD game第2部分：阅读判断（第16－22题，每题1分，其7分）下面的短文后列出了7个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子做出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，请选择Ａ果该句提供的是错误的信息，请选择Ｂ；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，请选择Ｃ。
2017中石油职称英语考试试题及答案
书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟2017 中石油职称英语考试试题及答案试题一：怎样在书上做标记1. You know youhave to read between the lines to get the most out ofanything. Iwant to persuade you to do something equally important in thecourse of yourreading. I want to persuade you to write between the lines.Unlessyou do,you are not likely to do the most efficient kind of reading.1、你知道读书必须要阅读，字里行间的言外之意，以求最充分的理解。
我劝你在读书过程中做一件同等重要的事情;我劝你在字里行间里写字。
不这样做，就达不到最有效的阅读效果。
2. I contend,quitebluntly,that marking up a book is not an act ofmutilation but love.2、坦率地说，我认为，在书上涂抹标记不是一种损毁行为，而是爱。
3. You shouldn'tmark up a book which isn't yours.Librarians (or your friends) who lend youbooks expect you to keep themclean,and you should. If you decide that I amright about the usefulness ofmarking books,you will have to buy them. Most ofthe world's greatbooks are available today,in reprint editions,for a modestsum.3、当然，你不应该在不属于你的书上做标记。
2017年中石化第一次英语分级测试真题(阅读+翻译+写作)及答案
阅读 篇章1 当前题号：第1-10题，总题数：50题Line Low wages, chronic unemployment and underemployment lead to low income,lack of property ownership, absence of savings, absence of food reserves in the home, and a chronic shortage of cash. These conditions reduce the possibility of effective participation in the larger economic system. And as a r e s p o n s e t o t h e s e c o n d i t i o n s w e f i n d i n t h e culture of poverty a high incidence of pawning personal goods, borrowing from localmoney -lenders at higher rates of interest, spontaneous informal credit devices organized by neighbors, the use of secondhand clothing and furniture, and the pattern of frequent buying of small quantities of food many times a day as the need arises.People with a culture of poverty produce very little wealth andreceive very little in return. They have a low level of literacy and education, usually do not belong to labor unions, are not members of political parties, generally do not participate in the national welfare agencies, and make very little use of banks, hospitals, department stores, museums or art gal l eri e s. T he y h a ve a c ri t i c al a t t i t u de t o w a rd s om e or the basic institutions of the dominant classes, hatred of the police,mistrust of government, and a cynicism that extends even to the church.This gives the culture of poverty a high potential for protest and forBeing used in political movements aimed against the existing socialorder.People with a culture of poverty are aware of middle -class values,talk about them and even claim some of them as their own, but on thewhole they do not live by them. Thus it is important to distinguishbetweenwhat they say and what they do. For example, many will tellyou that marriage by law, by the church, or by both is the ideal form of marriage, but few will marry. To men who have no steady jobs or othersources of income, who do not own property and have no wealth to passon to their children, who are present -time oriented and who want toavoid the expense and legal difficulties involved in formal marriage anddivorce, free unions or consensual marriages make a lot of sense. Women will often turn down offers of marriage because they feel it tiesthem down to men. Women feel that consensual union gives them abetter break; it gives them some of the freedom and flexibility that menhave. By not giving the fathers of their children legal status as husbands,the women have a stronger claim on their children if they decide toleave their men. It also gives women exclusive rights to a house or anyother property they may own.1. According to the passage, a defining characteristic of poverty is that poor people__________.A. are isolated from the mainstream of societyB. lack the skills to find decent jobsC. are responsible for their own poverty510 1520 25 30 35D.are constantly in a state of crisis2.The author of the passage uses the phrase “culture of poverty” (Line 6) to suggestthat __________.A.there are several classifications of poor peopleB.poor people often take pride in their povertyC.poor people share a common ethnicityD.poverty has become a prevailing way of life for some people3.The word “incidence” in Line 6 is closest in meaning to __________.A.inflationB.introductionC.accidentD.occurrence4.The word “literacy” in Line 12 refers to the ability to __________.A.go to schoolB.read and writeC.understand mathD.receive an education5.By asserting that the culture of poverty can be used by political movements (Line19), the author is __________.A.cautioning against an uprising by the poorB.showing how poverty may threaten social stabilityC.calling upon the middle class to fight against the poorD.justifying the motives of politicians6.Which of the following best describes people with a culture of poverty?A.They work hard but receive little in returnB.They’re cynical to all but the churchC.They usually ignore the national welfare agenciesD.They are economically active7.According to the last paragraph, consensual union can provide poor women whorefuse to get married legally with all of the following EXCEPT __________.A.a free church wedding or civil ceremonyB.some of the freedom and flexibility that men haveC. a stronger claim on their children when they want to leave their menD.rights to a house or any other property8. A conclusion can be drawn from the last paragraph that men and women in theculture of poverty __________.A.consider themselves unworthy of legal marriageB.prefer not to be in relationshipC.avoid legalized marriages for practical and economic reasonsD.do not trust each other to be faithful husbands and wives9.In the discussion of poverty, the author is most likely to agree that poverty__________.A.is more widespread than most people thinkB.cannot be eliminatedC. weakens the fabric of societyD. means more than lack of money10. The word “it” in Line 37 refers to __________.A. a better breakB. legal statusC. consensual unionD. illegal marriage篇章2 当前题号：第11-20题，总题数：50题；Line Cars account for half the oil consumed in the U.S., about half the urban pollution and one -fourth of the greenhouse gases. They take asimilar toll of resources in other industrial nations and in the cities of thedeveloping world. As vehicle use continues to increase in the coming decade, the U.S. and other countries will have to deal with these issues or else face unacceptable economic, health -related and political costs. Itis unlikely that oil prices will remain at their current low level or thatother nations will accept a large and growing U.S. contribution to globalclimate change.Policymakers and industry have four options: reduce vehicle use,increase the efficiency and reduce the emissions of conventionalgasoline -powered vehicles, switch to less harmful fuels, or find lesspolluting driving systems. The last of these — in particular theintroduction of vehicles powered by electricity — is ultimately the only sustainable option. The other alternatives are attractive in theory but in practice are either impractical or offer only marginal improvements. Forexample, reduced vehicle use could solve traffic problems and a host ofsocial and environmental problems, but evidence from around the worldsuggests that it is difficult to make people give up their cars to any significant extent. In the U.S., mass -transit ridership and carpoolinghave declined since World War II. Even in Western Europe, with fuelprices averaging more than ＄1 a liter (about ＄4 a gallon) and with easilyaccessible mass transit and dense populations, cars still account for 80percent of all passenger travel.Improved energy efficiency is also appealing, but automotive fueleconomy has barely made any progress in 10 years. Alternative fuelssuch as natural gas, burned in internal -combustion engines, could beintroduced at relatively low cost, but they would lead to only marginalreductions in pollution and greenhouse gas emissions (especiallybecause oil companies are already spending billions of dollars everyyear to develop less polluting types of gasoline).11. It can be learned from the passage that the increased use of cars will __________.A. consume half of the oil produced in the worldB. have serious consequences on the well -being of all nationsC. impose an economic burden on residents of large cities510 1520 25D.widen the gap between the developed and developing countries12.America has to solve the problems arising from vehicle use because __________.A.few Americans are reluctant to switch to public transportationB.the present level of oil prices is considered unacceptableC.it should take the lead in conserving natural resourcesD.other countries are unsatisfied about its large greenhouse emissions13.According to the author, America’s contribution to global climate change is__________.A.increasingB.decreasingC.fluctuatingD.stabilizing14.Which of the following is the best solution to the problems mentioned in thepassage?A.The designing of highly efficient car enginesB. A reduction of vehicle use in citiesC.The use of less polluting fuelsD.The development of electric cars15.What does “host” in Line 17 mean?A.Person who serves people as guestsB.Anchor of a television program, etc.rge number of somethingD.Caretaker of an inn16. What is the meaning of “carpooling” in Line 20?A. People riding together in one carB. A number of cars used by a company’s salesmenC. A person who owns many carsD. Cars owned by an organization for the use of its members17. According to the passage, after World War II many people in the U.S.__________.A.only used railwaysB.preferred their own cars for travelC.always used public transportationD.insist on carpooling18. Which of the following is practical but only makes a small contribution to solvingthe problem of greenhouse emissions?A.Slowing down fuel economyB.The use of fuels other than gasolineC.Reducing car use by carpoolingD.The introduction of less polluting driving systems19. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A.The decline of public transportation accounts for increased car use in WesternEuropeB.Cars are popular in Western Europe even though fuel prices are fairly highC. Western Europe oil companies cannot sustain the cost of developing new -typefuelsD. The reduction of vehicle use is the only sustainable option in denselypopulated Western Europe20. The word “they” in Line 28 refers to __________.A. internal -combustion enginesB. marginal reductionsC. alternative fuelsD. greenhouse emissions篇章3 当前题号：第21-30题，总题数：50题；Line Cancer has always been with us, but not always in the same way. Its care and management have differed over time and have its identity. visibility, and meaning. Pick up the thread of history at its most distant end and you have “cancer the crab”—so named because its pain is like the pinch of a crab’s claw. Pre -modern cancer is a lump that sometimes b r e a k s t h r o u gh t h e s k i n i n u l c e r a t i o n s p r o d u c i n g f o u l -s m e l l i n g discharges. The ancient Egyptians knew about many tumors that had a bad outcome, and the Greeks made a distinction between benign tumors and evil ones. In the second century A.D., Galen reckoned that the cause was systemic, an excess of sadness or black bile, one of the body’s four “humors” brought on by bad diet and environmental circumstances.Ancient medical practitioners sometimes cut tumors out, but theprognosis was known to be grim .The experience of cancer has always been terrible, but, until modern times, its mark on culture has been light. In the past, fear came from infectious and epidemic diseases, strokes, heart attacks, and tuberculosis.The agonizing manner of cancer death was dreaded, but that fear was notcentrally situated in the public mind — as it now is. This is one reasonwhy the medical historian Roy Porter wrote that cancer is “the modern disease par excellence ”.At one time, it was thought that cancer was a “disease ofcivilization,” belonging to much the same causal domain as“neurasthenia” and diabetes, the former a nervous weakness believed tobe brought about by the stress of modern life and the latter a condition produced by bad diet and indolence. In the eighteenth and nineteenthcenturies, some physicians attributed cancer to psychological andbehavioral causes. William Buchan’s wildly popular eighteenth -centurytext Domestic Medicine judged that cancers might be caused by“excessive fear, grief, and religious melancholy”. In the nineteenth century, reference was repeatedly made to a “cancer personality”, and, insome versions, specifically to sexual repression. As Susan Sontagobserved, cancer was considered shameful, even obscene. “It seemsunimaginable”, Sontag wrote, “to aestheticize” cancer.5 10 1520 25 3021. According to the passage, the ancient Egyptians __________.A.were able to tell benign tumors from evil onesB.knew about a lot of cancerous tumorsC.found out the cause of cancerD.looked at cancer as the crab22. According to Galen, cancer is triggered by all of the following EXCEPT _______.A.the excess of sadnessB. a poor dietC.sociological factorsD.environmental conditions23. The word “benign” in Line 8 refers to _______.A.unharmfulB.badC.positiveD.brutal24. The word “grim” in Line 13 is closest in meaning to _______.A.dirtyB.dreadfulC.strikingD.excellent25. Which of the following statements about the cancers of the past is best supportedby the passage?A.Ancient people did not live long enough to become prone to cancerB.Cancer death might be considered a badge of refinementC.In the past, people did not fear cancer at allD.Some physicians believed behavioral characteristics could lead to cancer26. According to the passage, with which of the following would the author mostlikely agree?A.Today people understand cancer in fundamentally new waysB.Cancer would be totally eliminated in the 21st centuryC.Cancer care and management are very sophisticatedD.There is a dramatic rise in mortality in modern cancer world27. “Neurasthenia and diabetes” are mentioned in Paragraph 3 for the purpose of_______.A.emphasizing that they are as fatal as cancerB.illustrating that they are regarded as “diseases of civilization”C.explaining that they are brought about by the pressure of modern lifeD.showing that people dread them very much28. Sontag’s remark about cancer indicates that one time _______.A.infectious and epidemic diseases were major causes of deathB.cancer ranked just below heart disease as a cause of deathC.cancer was viewed as a dirty disease related to human being’s behaviorsD.the cancers of the past were visible on the body’s surface29. The author’s attitude towards cancer can be described as _______.A. criticalB. concernedC. helplessD. objective30. Which of the following best summarizes the passage?A. Cancer’s identity has never changedB. Cancer is the price paid for modern lifeC. The care and management of cancer have developed over timeD. The cultural significance of cancer has shifted over time篇章4 当前题号：第31-40题，总题数：50题；Line Nelson Mandela once said, “Education is the most powerful weaponthat you can use to change the world”. Nearly everybody agrees: It’sgoing to take a revolution to fix America’s public schools. Louis V .Gerstner Jr., one of the business leaders in education reform, proclaims the Noah principle: “No more prizes for predicting rain. Prizes only for bilding arks. We’ve got to change whole schools and whole schoolsystem.”But this isn’t so. Firstly, nobody really wants a revolution. Revolutionwould mean removing the whole present structure of education overnightand inventing a new one from the beginning, in the conviction that anything must be an improvement—no matter what it costs. What thesefolks really want isn’t revolution but major reform, changing the systemradically but in an orderly fashion. The changes are supposed to be testedin large -scale pilot programs—Gerstner’s “arks”—and then installed nationally. But even that is just a distant gleam in the eye and a dubiousproposition too. There’s nothing like a consensus even on designing thosearks, let alone where they are supposed to come to ground. And anyonewho has watched radical reforms in the real world has to be wary of them: Invariably, they take a long time and cost a great deal, and even so they fail more often than they succeed. The best and most natural changescome not in wholesale gulps, but in small bites.What the think -big reformers fail to acknowledge is that schools allover the country are changing all the time. From head -start programs to after -school big brother/big sister projects to self -esteem workshops, it’sprecisely these small -scale innovations and demonstration programs that are doing the job, in thousands of schools. Some of these efforts are only partly successful; some fail; some work small miracles. They focus varyingly on children, teachers, and parents, on methods of administration and techniques of teaching, on efforts to motivate kids, teach values andmobilize community support. Some are relatively expensive; others cost almost nothing. But all of them can be done—and have been done.The important thing is that local schools aren’t waiting for a 25 30 351051520revolution. They are working out their own problems and making theirown schools better. And anyone—teachers, parents, principals, schoolboard members—anyone who cares enough and works hard enough can dothe same.31. According to the Nelson Mandela quote, education can__________.A. be used to hurt peopleB. be accessible to powerful peopleC. teach people to use weaponD. help create change32. According to the passage, Gerstner believes __________.A. the present school system is functioning adequatelyB. the emphasis should be shifted to finding solutions rather than focus ondescribing problemsC. the school curriculum should include more classesD. in the value of monetary prizes to outstanding students33. The word “installed” in Line 14 is closest in meaning to __________.A. implementedB. informedC. explainedD. stressed34. The author views the pilot programs as all of the following EXCEPT __________.A. costlyB. time-consumingC. uncertain to succeedD. a product of consensus35. The word “they” in Line 18 refers to __________.A. folksB. pilot programsC. changesD. schools36. The word “wholesale” in Line 22 is closest in meaning to __________.A. cheapB. largeC. valuableD. fair37. Which best summarizes the idea of “small bites” in Line 22?A. Changing the system radically but in an orderly fashionB. Allowing children to choose from a variety of programsC. Using modest innovations to improve schoolsD. Teaching the theory of evolution in the classroom38. According to the author, the “small-scale innovations” mentioned in Line 26__________.A. are largely theoretical so farB. do not work on a large scaleC. are unavailable in many areasD. have in many cases been shown to work39. Judging from the author’s discussion, he believes that local schools __________.A. should embrace sweeping plans for national educational reform.B. are relatively expensiveC. are producing small but useful innovations all the timeD. can only be as good as their curricula40. The primary purpose of the passage is to __________.A. present an alternative view to a widely -held beliefB. describe plans to implement an educational revolutionC. relate the historical events that have shaped a situationD. uncover and analyze new flaws in an old system篇章5 当前题号：第41-50题，总题数：50题。
中石油英语试题及答案
中石油英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共20分）1. The company has recently _______ a new policy regarding employee benefits.A) implementedB) interpretedC) demonstratedD) speculated答案：A2. Despite the heavy rain, they managed to _______ the project on time.A) accomplishB) abandonC) adaptD) access答案：A3. The manager _______ the importance of teamwork in achieving our goals.A) emphasizedB) exemplifiedC) prioritizedD) questioned答案：A4. The report _______ the environmental impact of the proposed construction project.A) underestimatesB) underestimatesC) overestimatesD) disregards答案：B5. She _______ her career in the oil industry after graduating from university.A) embarked onB) retreated fromC) excelled inD) overlooked答案：A6. The new regulations will _______ the safety standards in the industry.A) elevateB) deteriorateC) maintainD) nullify答案：A7. The team _______ the problem by conducting a series of experiments.A) identifiedB) replicatedC) ignoredD) dismissed答案：A8. The company is _______ to expand its operations overseas.A) hesitantB) eagerC) reluctantD) indifferent答案：B9. The _______ of the oil spill was a major concern for the environmentalists.A) scaleB) scopeC) scaleD) sequence答案：A10. The _______ of the project was delayed due to unforeseen circumstances.A) initiationB) culminationC) terminationD) acceleration答案：A二、填空题（每题1分，共10分）11. The _______ of the pipeline is crucial for the safe transportation of oil.答案：integrity12. The _______ of the drilling equipment must be checked regularly to ensure safety.答案：functionality13. The _______ of the exploration team is to find new oil reserves.答案：mission14. The _______ of the oil spill was estimated to be several thousand barrels.答案：volume15. The _______ of the company's environmental policy is a top priority.答案：implementation16. The _______ of the drilling process requires a high level of expertise.答案：complexity17. The _______ of the oil rig was due to a mechanical failure.答案：collapse18. The _______ of the project will be reviewed at the nextboard meeting.答案: progress19. The _______ of the new technology has significantly improved efficiency.答案：introduction20. The _______ of the oil field is estimated to last for several decades.答案：lifespan三、阅读理解（每题2分，共20分）阅读下面的短文，然后回答问题。
2017年职称英语考试真题及解析
2017年职称英语考试真题及解析1．Many fine cooks insist on ingredients of the highest quality．A)demand B)rely on C)prepare for D)create1．A insist on：坚持。
与demand(要求；强求)意思比较接近。
The Labour Party has demanded an explanation from the government．工党已要求政府作出解释。
rely on：依靠。
We have to rely on him for the tickets．我们不得不靠他搞票。
prepare for：为,,做准备。
I have been preparing for the final exam．我一直在准备期末考试。
create：产生；创建。
His work created enormous interest in England．他的作品在英格兰引起很大关注。
2．Since the Great Depression，the United States government has protected farmers from damaging drops in grain prices.A)slight B)surprising C)sudden D)harmful2．D damaging：有损害的。
与harmful(有害的)意思相近。
The rays of the sun，in excess，can be very harmful．过量的阳光可能会非常有害。
slight：少量的。
He has a slight German accent．他有一点德国口音。
surprising：令人吃惊的。
It was surprising that the little girl could answer this question．小女孩能回答这个问题，令人吃惊。
中石油职称英语考试试卷暨答案
\I. Vo Q:2409934629Directions:contains the macula itself and it is called "organ of Corti"天然气Natural gas生油层Hydrocarbon generation油气运移Oil and gas migration垂直运移The vertical migration侧向运移Lateral migration储集层reservoir含有层Containing layer圈闭trap盖层cover隔层interlay遮挡Keep out含油面积Oil-bearing area油水边界Oil-water boundary储油面积Storage area工业油气藏Industrial oil and gas reservoirs构造油气藏Structural reservoirs地层油气藏Stratigraphic reservoirs岩性油气藏Lithologic reservoir储油构造Oil storage structure地质构造Geological structure沉积相The sedimentary facies沉积环境Sedimentary environmentwo languages. Ogilvy and Mather has about the same percentage. Conversely, someEuropean firms have half of more of their employees fluent in a second language.纵向分辨率verticalresolution测井仪器能够分辨出的地层的最小厚度。
电测井仪器通常以纵向积分几何因子为90%时对应的地层厚度作为仪器的纵向分辨率。
冲洗带flushedzone在渗透性地层中，与井壁相邻的地层受到钻井液滤液冲洗。
中油职称英语试卷
试卷一I. VocabularyDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.1. It is possible to predict how much energy and water a building will consume, how much _______ will be needed.A. matterB. thingsC. materialD. substance2. They found that the positive thinkers sold 37 percent more insurance than did the_______ thinkers.A. negativeB. positiveC. activeD. passive3. In labs around the world, bad bugs are undergoing the ultimate rehabilitation, being _______ from life-threatening viruses and bacteria into lifesaving therapeuticagents.A. translatedB. transportedC. transformedD. transmitted4. The fresh air is sometimes humid from the _______rainfall of this area.A. numerousB. abundantC. plentyD. substantive5. We know that many animals _______ the deep seas at pressures of 15,000 pounds per square inch.A. live onB. live inC. live throughD. live up to6. Speakers and writers of the Germanic languages _______for a great deal of the world's output in everything from economics to literature to military to science and technology.A. accountB. allowC. applyD. arrange7. _______of the great state of Illinois, let me express my deepest gratitude for the privilege of addressing this convention.A. On accountB. In honorC. In placeD. On behalf8. The companies that are finding ways to hang on to their older workers _______ from an intangible commodity: wisdom.A. obtainB. earnC. developD. benefit9. I raced to_______ Jill.A. keep onB. keep up withC. come up withD. come up to10. Managers need to monitor inflation trends so they can make good _______.A. decisiveB. decisionsC. decideD. decided11. Fluency can be _______ defined as "being able to communicate ideas without having to stop and think too much about what one is saying."A. simpleB. simplyC. similarD. simplify12. The number of vehicles has been steadily increasing. _______, more than 100 cities in the United States still have levels of carbon monoxide that exceed legally established limits.A. ContinuouslyB. ConsequentlyC. ConstantlyD. Consistently13. A(An) _______ is better than the text and may make the point clear.A. interpretationB. representationC. illustrationD. draw14. Some of the world's best mountain _______ is available within the 500-kilometer long chain of the Southern Alps.A. sceneB. sceneryC. scarceD. scare15. After a through research, the police __ most of the missing jewels.A. retreatedB. refreshedC. recoveredD. reminded16. A gold-rated building is estimated to have reduced its environmental impact by 50% compared with a(an) __ conventional building.A. equivalentB. alikeC. uniformD. likely17. When pessimists __ in their first attempt, they usually say, "I can't do this."A. feelB. failC. defeatD. lost18. Six years __ before she got another note from Teddy.A. went intoB. went aroundC. went byD. went on19. The company owns a large number of _______ stores.A. exportB. bargainC. retailD. trade20. The cost of self-education has fallen with the multitude of sources of knowledge and information _______ on CD-ROMs and the Internet.A. preferableB. readyC. availableD. considerable II. Grammatical StructureDirections: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.21. Put things back _______ you found them.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. since22. --Are you going to the football game--No, the tickets are _______ for me.A. terrible expensiveB. so much expensiveC. far too expensiveD. highly expensive23. The residents, __ had been damaged by the flood, were given help bythe Red Cross.A. all of whose homesB. all of their homesC. all their homesD. all that homes24. In some countries _______ is called "equality" does not really mean equal rights for all people.A. whichB. whatC. thatD. one25. Gorillas are quiet animals, _______ they are able to make about twenty different sounds.A. howB. in spite ofC. even thoughD. because of26. _______ the size and nature of a business, its main goal is to earna profit.A. WhateverB. WhicheverC. WhereasD. Because27. Henry and Tom __ to the parties at the Trade Union every Saturday.A. used to goB. were used to goC. are used to goD. use to go28. The crewman switched on portable flashlights as the engineer __ the scene.A. has surveyedB. surveysC. was surveyingD. is surveying29. _______ WAP technology, people can do their work anywhere anytime.A. UseB. UsingC. Being usedD. Used30. The news _______ heard everywhere.A. hadB. have beenC. wasD. are going to be31. You __ yourself about money.A. need not worryB. have worryC. are not being worriedD. needn't be worried32. The course normally attracts 20 students per year, __ up to half will be from overseas.A. in whichB. for whomC. with whichD. of whom33. _______ he was a regular customer, the boss allowed 10% discount off the prices of the goods.A. GivingB. Giving thatC. Given thatD. To give that34. It seems oil _______ from this pipe for some time. We'll have to take machine apart to put it right.A. had leakedB. is leakingC. leakedD. has been leaking35. __ nothing more to discuss, the CEO got to his feet, said goodbye and left the meeting room.A. There wasB. BeingC. There beingD. As there being36. Great as Newton was, many of his ideas __ today and are being modified by the work of scientists of our time.A. are to challengeB. have been challengedC. may be challengedD. are challenging37. She apologized for __ the meeting.A. her being able not to attendB. her being not able to attendC. not her being able to attendD. her not being able to attend38. I wish to have a word with you, _______A. must IB. wouldn't IC. may ID. shouldn't I39. __ right now, she would get there on Sunday.A. Would she leaveB. If she leaveC. Were she to leaveD. If she had left40. I wish I __ longer this morning, but I had to get up and come to class.A. could have sleptB. sleptC. might have sleptD. have sleptIII. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections: There are 5 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by 4 questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decide on the best choice and mark your answer on the Answer Sheet.Questions 41 to 44 are based on the following passage:By direct observations and many experiments, biologists have discovered that practically all animals have some sense of hearing or vibration. Earthworms feel vibrations in the soil, fish can be trained to respond to certain tones, male mosquitoes are attracted by the sound of the female, and frogs will respond to a tape recording of their own voices.The inner ear is composed of delicate membranes which bear dense patches of specialized cells called maculae. Each of these collections of cells can carry a message to the brain. What message is carried by a macula depends upon how it is affected. The message which is carried is not, however, always connected with the hearing sense. For instance, a certain kind of tadpole can tell the depth of the water it is swimming in by the pitch of a tone which is produced by its own lungs.In the human and all other mammals, the macula has developed into an organ which can easily be seen. This organ is called the cochlea. This spiral shaped organ contains the macula itself and it is called "organof Corti" after its discoverer. If you have ever seen a snail shell, you know how a cochlea looks.When sound waves enter the cochlea, which is really a tube coiled around, they set a membrane into a back and forth motion and cause a new wave. This is something like the way in which high and low sounds are produced by a flute or whistle. The high sounds are produced when the air is prevented by the holes from going through, while the low sounds are produced by allowing more of the air to pass. All this is what produces the differences between high and low sounds. The loudness of a sound is evidently produced by how much the membrane is cause to move.Whether or not hearing is really produced in all animals by the effect of pressure is not definitely known by scientists as yet. We do know, however, that nature has set up some very delicate hearing mechanisms for its creatures. Scientists must explore much further for more knowledge about how animals use their ears.41. According to the article practically all animals have some sense ofA. directionB. hearingC. vibrationD. both B and C42. The cochlea is foundA. in fishB. only in humansC. in all animalsD. in all mammals43. Scientists knowA. that all animals have a cochleaB. very little about hearing in animalsC. that mosquitoes cannot hear soundsD. that hearing is produced by air pressure in mammals.44. The article is mostly about __A. how sound is producedB. learning by observingC. the workings of the inner earA. Living expensesB. His salaryC. Commuting to workD. His vacation days46. What does Ms. Answers suggest Mr. Daniels doA. Establish a budgetB. Speak with his bossC. Look at train faresD. Consult a guide book47. In Ms. Answers' e-mail, the word "track" in paragraph 3, line 4, is closest in meaning toA. footstepB. coverC. recordD. roadway48. What does Ms. Answers say about the subwayA. It is new.B. It is dirty.C. It is inefficient.D. It is inexpensive.Questions 49 to 52 are based on the following passage:Ostrum GE, the second largest power company in the Nordic countries, officially opened its first Hydrogen Energy Station (HES), with technology products provided by Gredler Energy Systems Corporation. The new station will supply clean hydrogen fuel to three fuel cell buses as part of the prestigious Green Europe Advanced Transport (GREAT) program. Stockholm (斯德哥尔摩) is one of four GREAT cities that will be using Gredler Energy hydrogen infrastructure products.Mr. Peter Russell, Chief Operating Officer of Gredler Energy, was in Stockholm for the station opening and commented, "The opening of this station represents the first step in the introduction of a hydrogen infrastructure in the City of Stockholm. Ostrum and the City of Stockholm have taken an essential step towards creating a pathway toenvironmentally sustainable urban transportation solutions and we are delighted to be part of this important movement."The Stockholm HES is comprised of four modules: pressurized water electrolysis-based hydrogen generation, compression, high-pressure storage and hydrogen fuel dispenser. The station is capable of producing approximately 120kg per day of high-purity, high-pressure hydrogen using Gredler Energy's proprietary technology. Each fuel cell bus carries approximately 40kg of hydrogen at 350bar (5,000psi).Gredler Energy Systems Corporation is the world leading developer and supplier of integrated hydrogen solutions, all using the company's proprietary hydrogen generation water electrolysis technology along with products from corporate partners.49. Who will be in charge of the new hydrogen energy station7A. Oredler Energy SystemsB. Ostrum GEC. The GREAT ProgramD. The City of Stockholm50. How much hydrogen will the new station produce each dayA. 40kgB. 120kgC. 350barD. 5,000psi51. The word "sustainable" in paragraph 2, line 5 is closest in meaning toA. livableB. deliverableC. maintainableD. combustible52. What is true about the GREAT programA. It operates in four countries.B. It is operated by the Gredler Corporation.C. It promotes the use of non-polluting fuels.D. It studies the effects of hydrogen on the atmosphere. Questions 53 to 56 are based on the following passage:The rise of multinational corporations, global marketing, new communication technologies, and shrinking cultural differences have led to an unparalleled increase in global public relations or PR.Surprisingly, since modern PR was largely an American invention,the U.S. leadership in public relations is being threatened by PR efforts in other countries. Twenty years ago, for example, the world's top five public relations agencies were American-owned. In 2003, only one was. The British in particular are becoming more sophisticated and creative.A recent survey found that more than half of all British companies include PR as part of their corporate planning activities, compared to about one third of U.S. companies. It may not be long before London replaces New York as the capital of PR.Why is America lagging behind in the global PR race First, Americans as a whole tend to be fairly provincial and take more of an interest in local affairs. Knowledge of world geography, for example, has never been strong in this country. Secondly, Americans lag behind their European and Asian counterparts in knowing a second language. Less than 5 percent of Burson-Marshall's U.S. employees know two languages. Ogilvy and Mather has about the same percentage. Conversely, some European firms have half of more of their employees fluent in a second language. Finally, people involved in PR abroad tend to keep a closer eye on international affairs. In the financial PR area, for instance, most Americans read the Wall Street Journal. Overseas, their counterparts read the Journal as well as the Financial Times of London and The Economist, publications not often read in this country.Perhaps the PR industry might take a lesson from Ted Turner of CNN. Turner recently announced that the word "foreign" would no longer be used on CNN news broadcast. According to Turner, global communications have made the nations of the world so interdependent that there is no longer any such thing as foreign.53. According to the passage, U.S. leadership in public relations is being threatened because ofA. an unparalleled increase in the number of public relations companiesB. increased efforts of other countries in public relationsC. shrinking cultural differences and new communications technologiesD. the decreasing number of multinational corporations in the U.S.54. The word "provincial" (Line 2, Para. 3) most probably means __A. limited in outlookB. like people from the provincesC. rigid in thinkingD. interested in world financial affairs55. We learn from the third paragraph that employees in the American PR industryA. speak at least one foreign language fluentlyB. are not as sophisticated as their European counterpartsC. are ignorant about world geographyD. enjoy reading a great variety of English business publications56. What lesson might the PR industry take from Ted Turner of CNNA. American PR companies should be more internationally-minded.B. The American PR industry should develop global communication technologies.C. People working in PR should be more fluent in foreign language.D. People involved in PR should avoid using the word "foreign" Questions 57 to 60 are based on the following passage:On the night of August 17, 1959, at about 20 minutes before midnight, the ground in the vicinity of Yellowstone National Park began shaking violently. At the time there was a rumbling sound, something like a huge truck would make. Both the heaving of the ground and the noise were very frightening but lasted not quite 45 seconds.This earthquake near Yellowstone Park was just one of nearly a million that happen every year all over the world. And as bad as this quake was, many have been worse. Earthquake experts say that the Yellowstone quake of 1959 was about as bad as the one which hit San Francisco in 1906. But the San Francisco quake caused more damage because it struck in a place where there were so many people living. In San Francisco 700 persons lost their lives. An earthquake in Japan in 1923 took 160,000 lives. In China in 1920 an earthquake took 200,000 lives. It is easy to understand why earthquakes are so feared.What causes these terrible shakes of the very ground on which we liveTo answer that question we must first understand some things about the earth itself. Forty miles deep in the earth is the edge of the outer crust of the earth, and there it is so hot that instead of hard rock there is material much like the hot lava that a volcano erupts. It is the earth's 40-mile deep crust with which we are concerned when we seek the cause of earthquakes. The earth's crust is formed of many different layers of rocks. The layers of rocks are not laid evenly, as a bricklayer would build a wall. Instead, the earth's crust is made of rock layers that areoften uneven and not perfectly balanced. Because of the great weight pressing down on them, these layers tend to fold downward at weak spots, and this finally causes an actual break in the crust. When this break occurs, or when the sides of an old break slip, the earth quakes, or shakes, while the crust is settling into a new position.Sometime these faults are very small, and we then feel only a little tremor. The tremor may even be so light that only the most delicate machine will record it. Most earthquakes are of this weak kind. Sometimes a break in the earth's crust comes about, which starts such a landslide as that which occurred in Madison Canyon. It then takes not one, but many shakes for the earth to heal the fault and settle. That is why many after-shocks follow a major earthquake. Sometimes these go on for several years.57. The Yellowstone earthquake wasA. one of the more severeB. not severeC. the worst in U.S. historyD. a very small one58. The San Francisco quake was worse than the one in Yellowstone becauseA. it lasted longerB. it struck where so many people livedC. there were mountains at YellowstoneD. there was a river at Yellowstone59. The earth's crust is made ofA. sandB. mountainsC. many layer of rockD. lava60. Some times aftershocks follow an earthquake for as long asA. daysB. monthsC. yearsD. centuries Section BDirections: There are 10 blanks in the following passage. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the passage. Then mark your answer on the Answer Sheet. Land pollution involves many kinds of wastes. For many years, all wastes were dumped 61 sanitary (卫生的) landfills. Sanitary landfills are large pits where garbage is buried under layers of dirt. When hazardous wastes are put in these landfills, toxic (有毒的) substances can seep into the groundwater and enter the food chain. Hazardous wastes are those kinds of wastes that are 62 or dangerous to the environment. They can be poisonous, corrosive (腐蚀性的), flammable, explosive,or radioactive (放射性的). They can pollute the air or 63 fires or explosions. These wastes can also cause 64 problems for humans and animals. For these reasons, it is important to dispose 65 hazardous wastes in secured landfills where they cannot leak. A secured landfill is located on clay ground, and the pits are lined with plastic and nylon sheets to 66 the hazardous wastes in the pit.One kind of hazardous wastes, radioactive waste, involves a special disposal problem. Radioactive waste is created by industries and nuclear power plants 67 use radioactive materials. Radioactive materials 68 off energy as their atoms change. This energy is invisible, but very powerful. It can harm 69 tissues in plants and animals. Radioactive waste can remain hazardous for over 100 years. They must be stored in containers that can hold them without leakage for at least 70 amount of time.61. A. by B. with C. of D. into62. A. destructive B. smelly C. poisonous D. healthy63. A. make B. lead C. cause D. take64. A. lung B. living C. health D. water65. A. of B. by C. to D. with66. A. help B. remain C. keep D. guard67. A. those B. who C. that D. what68. A. come B. give C. take D. put69. A. living B. live C. lively D. alive70. A. an B. one C. that D. theseIV. TranslationDirections: There are some passages in this part of the test. You are to translate the passages into Chinese on your Answer Sheet.A级71.A fast-growing body of research is proving that optimism can help you to be healthier and more successful. Pessimism leads, by contrast, to sickness and failure, and is linked to depression and painful shyness. "If we could teach people to think more positively," says psychologist Michael of Yale University, "it would be like inoculating (接种疫苗) them against these mental ills.""Your abilities count," explains psychologist Smith of Harvard University, "but the belief that you can succeed affects whether or not you will." In part, that's because optimists and pessimists deal with the same challenges and disappointments in very different ways.Take for example your job. In a major study, Smith and his colleagues surveyed sales representatives at a big life insurance corporation in New York. They found that the optimists among newly-hired representatives sold 37 percent more insurance than did the pessimists.How did they do it The secret to an optimist's success, according to Smith, is in his "explanatory style". When things go wrong the pessimist tends to blame himself while the optimist looks for other explanations. He blames the weather, the phone connection, even his friends. When things go right, the optimist takes credit while the pessimist thinks success is due to luck.Negative or positive, it was a self-fulfilling prophecy (预言). "If people feel hopeless," says Smith, "they don't bother to acquire the skills they need to succeed." on the contrast, the optimist feels in control of his own life. If things are going badly, he acts quickly, looking for solutions, and reaching out for advice.So, if you're a pessimist, there's reason for you to change. Positive thinking leads to positive reaction. What you expect from the world, the evidence suggests, is what you're likely to get.B级71.A fast-growing body of research is proving that optimism can help you to be healthier and more successful. Pessimism leads, by contrast, to sickness and failure, and is linked to depression and painful shyness. "If we could teach people to think more positively," says psychologist Michael of Yale University, "it would be like inoculating (接种疫苗) them against these mental ills.""Your abilities count," explains psychologist Smith of Harvard University, "but the belief that you can succeed affects whether or not you will." In part, that's because optimists and pessimists deal with the same challenges and disappointments in very different ways.Negative or positive, it was a self-fulfilling prophecy (预言). "If people feel hopeless," says Smith, "they don't bother to acquire the skills they need to succeed." on the contrast, the optimist feels in control of his own life. If things are going badly, he acts quickly, looking for solutions, and reaching out for advice.So, if you're a pessimist, there's reason for you to change. Positive thinking leads to positive reaction. What you expect from the world, the evidence' suggests, is what you're likely to get.。
(完整版)2017中石油职称英语真题与答案解析
2016年中石油职称英语考试真题及参考答案解析I. VocabularySection ADirections: There are some sentences inthis section. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are tochoose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of theoriginal sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase.Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.1、In most countries,the crime of murder carries harsh penalties.A. unconsciousB. thriveC.severe D.prudent【参考答案】C【释义】harsh adj.残酷的；严酷的；严厉的；恶劣的unconscious adj.无知觉的；昏迷的；不省人事的；无意识的 thrive v.繁荣；茁壮成长；蓬勃发展；兴旺发达severe adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的；苛刻的prudent adj.谨慎的；慎重的；精明的2、I tell my motherabout my trials at work and brag about the kids.A. lieB. boastC.secretive D. feel awkward【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第28课That "Other Woman" in My Life第8段。
【释义】brag v.吹嘘；自吹自擂lie v.躺；说谎；撒谎；在于boast v.自夸；自吹自擂；有（值得自豪的东西）secretive adj.（思想、情感等）不外露的；惯于掩藏自己的；有城府的feelawkward 为难；作难；犯难3、The employee had to breakoff the conversation in order to wait on his manger.A. continueB. hurryC.begin D.discontinue【参考答案】D【出处】MBA联考大纲英语词组。
中石油职称英语考试真题答案(翻译部分)
中石油职称英语考试真题答案(翻译部分)翻译部分A级别参考答案：一家大型酒店的总裁注意到，公司正在经历着每年流失50%的雇员的问题，这种情况造成每年成本增加1000万到1200万。
这么大量的资金是根据以下两个因素算出来的：雇佣新员工的花费以及由于顾客满意度差而导致客房使用率下降。
在酒店行业，员工流失是一个很关键的问题。
但是你可以采取一些人才管理实务策略，来提升员工的留任率。
下面有三条建议：(1)雇佣合适的员工：从改善招聘和面试流程开始。
当你参加面试时，确信你为候选者提供了一个可依靠的企业，让候选者有选择在酒店工作的理由。
如果工作是充满压力和紧张感的，那么要分享这些细节问题，让候选人了解。
要明确的说明酒店的企业文化，工作环境会帮助候选人自我选择，你要让候选人知道更愿意雇佣适合酒店和酒店文化的员工。
(2)绩效管理，认可和奖励员工：我们几乎都会感到有价值，酒店和管理者需要形式化或者非形式化的方法去认可和奖励高绩效。
不是所有的奖励都需要金钱的形式。
即使是一个很简单的谢谢，或者员工的努力得到的公共的认可都是有效激励员工的方式。
员工感到自身有价值或更愿意留下来继续工作。
(3)为员工的发展提供机会：通过支付或者补贴的形式，在培训课程、书籍、工作经验、播客(音频材料)等方面的花费上，支持员工发展;让员工知道，你重视他们也重视他们的工作，帮助他们成功和规划未来职业发展。
所有这些方法都可以提高员工留任，减少员工流失。
这些有效的管理方法不但可以促进员工留任，而且提高员工满意度和履行员工职责。
所有的这些管理方法对酒店生意来说是有利的。
翻译部分B级别参考答案(较A级少后面2段)一家大型酒店的总裁注意到，公司正在经历着每年流失50%的雇员的问题，这种情况造成每年成本增加1000万到1200万。
这么大量的资金是根据以下两个因素算出来的：雇佣新员工的花费以及由于顾客满意度差而导致客房使用率下降。
在酒店行业，员工流失是一个很关键的问题。
2017中石油职称英语考试模拟题及答案
书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟2017 中石油职称英语考试模拟题及答案模拟题一：痛感反应1. Of all the bodysenses, pain is perhaps the most vital because itwarns of bodily injury andtriggers protective reflexes. But not always.1. 疼痛也许是身体的感觉之中最重要的，因为它可以警示身体受到的伤害并且引发身体的保护性反射。
但情况并非总是如此。
2. Drs. F. R. Fordand Lawson Wilkins of Johns Hopkins Hospitalhavereported cases of persons being born without pain sensibility. A personwhodoes not feel pain will not jerk his hand away from a flame. He wontknowhes been cut unless he sees his blood. If he gets a cinder in his eye,hewont know it is there.2. 约翰霍普金斯医院(JohnsHopkins Hospital) F • R •福特博士(Drs.F. R. Ford)和劳森•威尔金斯博士(Lawson Wilkins)曾经报告过天生就没有痛感的病例。
当触碰到火焰时，没有痛感的人不会把手缩回来，他要看到流血才知道自己受了伤，他甚至感觉不到眼睛里进了灰尘。
3. Normally, such anecessary sensation as pain might be expected tobe proportional to the extentof injury. But pain a very personal experienceis modified by a personsexperience, heredity, mood, and emotional state.3. 正常情况下，类似疼痛这样必需的感觉会根据受伤的程度分成不同级别。
2017中石油职称英语考试试题及答案
2017 中石油职称英语考试试题及答案试题一：怎样在书上做标记1. You know youhave to read between the lines to get the most out ofanything. Iwant to persuade you to do something equally important in thecourse of yourreading. I want to persuade you to write between the lines.Unlessyou do,you are not likely to do the most efficient kind of reading.1、你知道读书必须要阅读，字里行间的言外之意，以求最充分的理解。
我劝你在读书过程中做一件同等重要的事情;我劝你在字里行间里写字。
不这样做，就达不到最有效的阅读效果。
2. I contend,quitebluntly,that marking up a book is not an act ofmutilation but love.2、坦率地说，我认为，在书上涂抹标记不是一种损毁行为，而是爱。
3. You shouldn'tmark up a book which isn't yours.Librarians (or your friends) who lend youbooks expect you to keep themclean,and you should. If you decide that I amright about the usefulness ofmarking books,you will have to buy them. Most ofthe world's greatbooks are available today,in reprint editions,for a modestsum.3、当然，你不应该在不属于你的书上做标记。
2017年中石油职称英语新版选读文章系列（21）
How Americans Eat and Drink 美国⼈的饮⾷ 1.Coca-Cola is the best-selling soft (non-alcoholic) drink in the world. 165 million "Cokes" are sold every day,from the equator to the Arctic. But whereas outside the USA Coke tends to be a young person's drink,inside the USA anybody of any age or income can drink it without embarrassment on any occasion. 1、可⼝可乐是全世界销路的软饮料(不含酒精的饮料)。
从⾚道到北极，可⼝可乐每天的销售量为1、65亿瓶。
在美国，任何⼈，不论年龄⼤⼩、收⼊多少，都可以在任何场合饮⽤可⼝可乐⽽不⾄于有任何不⾃在的感觉。
但在美国之外，可⼝可乐往往是青年⼈的饮料。
2.Coke is not the only "cola" drink. Pepsi Cola is a well-known rival and has its devotees,for it is not as sweet as Coke. Cola drinks contain caffeine from the kola nut and are the only soft drinks which are stimulating as well as refreshing. 2、可⼝可乐不是的可乐饮料。
百事可乐是它的竞争对⼿并拥有⾃⼰的爱好者，因为它不像可⼝可乐那么甜。
可乐饮料含有从可拉果中提取的咖啡因，并且是的既可提神⼜有刺激性的软饮料。
2017中石油职称英语考试模拟题(附答案)
书山有路勤为径，学海无涯苦作舟2017 中石油职称英语考试模拟题（附答案）2017 年中石油职称英语考试马上就要开始了。
你知道中石油职称英语考试都考哪些知识吗?下面是yjbys 小编为大家带来的中石油职称英语考试模拟题，欢迎阅读。
模拟题一：产品促销1. Sales promotion consists of those promotional activities other thanadvertising,personal selling,and publicity. As such,any promotionalactivities that do not fall under the other three activities of thepromotionmix are considered sales promotion. The trade often uses the termindiscriminately. Businesspersons may use the term “promotion”whenthey actually mean “sales promotion.”For purpose here,promotion is a broadterm that encompasses salespromotion as well as the other three promotionalactivities.1、产品促销指的是不同于广告、个人销售和宣传的推销活动。
因此，不属于以上三种推销活动的推销活动都被认为是促销。
实际生活中经常不加区分地使用这一概念。
商务人员在说“推销”时，实际上指的是“促销”。
本文中，推销是一个广义的概念，它包括促销以及其他三种推销活动。
2. The techniquesof sales promotion are varied and numerous. Thecommon ones used arecoupons,sweepstakes,games,contests,price-offs,demonstrations,premiums,samples,andmoney refund offers. Acombination of these can be used and sometimes is usedin the samecampaign.2、推销的手段多种多样，数不胜数。
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2016年中石油职称英语考试真题及参考答案解析I. VocabularySection ADirections: There are some sentences inthis section. Below each sentence are four other words or phrases. You are tochoose the one word or phrase which would best keeping the meaning of theoriginal sentence if it were substituted for the underlined word or phrase.Then mark your answer on the answer sheet.1、In most countries,the crime of murder carries harsh penalties.A. unconsciousB. thriveC.severe D.prudent【参考答案】C【释义】harsh adj.残酷的；严酷的；严厉的；恶劣的unconscious adj.无知觉的；昏迷的；不省人事的；无意识的 thrive v.繁荣；茁壮成长；蓬勃发展；兴旺发达severe adj.极为恶劣的；十分严重的；严厉的；苛刻的prudent adj.谨慎的；慎重的；精明的2、I tell my motherabout my trials at work and brag about the kids.A. lieB. boastC.secretive D. feel awkward【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第28课That "Other Woman" in My Life第8段。
【释义】brag v.吹嘘；自吹自擂lie v.躺；说谎；撒谎；在于boast v.自夸；自吹自擂；有（值得自豪的东西）secretive adj.（思想、情感等）不外露的；惯于掩藏自己的；有城府的feelawkward 为难；作难；犯难3、The employee had to breakoff the conversation in order to wait on his manger.A. continueB. hurryC.begin D.discontinue【参考答案】D【出处】MBA联考大纲英语词组。
原题：The employee had to break off theconversation in order to wait on his manager. (discontinue)【释义】break off v.断绝；折取；把…折断；使脱落continue v.持续；延伸；继续存在；不断发生hurry v.赶快；（朝某方向）迅速移动；催促（某人）；迅速处理begin v.开始；启动；起始；开始存在（或进行）discontinue v.停止；终止；中断；终止（生产）4、There is an extensiveglacier system, endless forests, and innumerable lakes throughout this highlandarea.A. expansiveB. broad d.deep D.intense【参考答案】A【出处】2016版《通用选读》第24课The Delights of South Island第3段【释义】extensive adj.广阔的；广大的；大量的；广泛的expansive adj.广阔的；辽阔的；浩瀚的；广泛的broad adj.宽阔的；广阔的；…宽（用于表示距离的量度之后）deep adj.深陷；全神贯注；专心；深的intense adj.很大的；十分强烈的；严肃紧张的；激烈的5、Scientists aretrying to develop computers that will simulate the human thoughtprocess.A. projectB. reflectC.substitute D. assume【参考答案】B【出处】2015版大纲模拟试题一第13题【释义】simulate v.模仿；假装；冒充；装作project v.计划；规划；投影；投射reflect v.反映；映出（影像）；反射（声、光、热等）；显示substitute v.取代；（以…）代替assume v.假设；假定；认为；假装6、The two drivers wereinjured in the collision.A. fightB. accidentC.critic D.crash【参考答案】D【出处】同等学力人员申请硕士学位英语试题【解释】collision n.抵触；碰撞（或相撞）事故fight n.斗争；打架；打斗；搏斗accident n.意外；（交通）事故；意外遭遇；不测事件critic n.评论家；反对者；批评者crash n.崩溃；坠毁；撞击；速成7、Visiting in a humidclimate will cause the traveler’s clothing to become saturated withsweat.A. stainedB. heatedC. drenchedD. trapped【参考答案】C【出处】大学六级试题【释义】saturated adj.浸透；湿透；（溶液）饱和的；深的stained adj.(被血或污物)染污的；有瑕疵或污点的；(因罪行)败坏名声的；染色的heated adj.愤怒的；激烈的；十分激动的；（用加热器）加热了的drenched adj.湿透的；含太多液体的；充满(液体)的trap v.诱捕；设计诱陷；安防臭瓣；发射(泥鸽)8、In the heart of thecontinent of Antarctica it is almost as high as the summits of the Alps.A. topsB. trailsC.apexes D. sites【参考答案】C【出处】2016版《通用选读》第60课Why Antarctica Is Being Explored第8段【释义】summit n.峰会；山顶；顶点；最高点top n.顶；上衣；陀螺；上面trails n.小路；长长地拖垂后头的东西；(流星等的)尾；衣裙 apex n.顶点；最高点site n.网站；站点；现场；位置9、Now some scientistshave revised their way of thinking.A. rejectedB. unclearC.amended D.distasteful【参考答案】C【出处】新视野大学英语3课文1-6单元sectionB原文【释义】revise v.修订；修正；校阅；再检查reject v.拒绝；驳回；丢弃；不接受unclear adj.不清楚的；不确定的；难以掌握的；不完全明白amend v.改良；订正；改变(行为等)；改过distasteful adj.使人不愉快的；令人反感的；讨厌的10、It has been arguedthat oil may better be found by random drilling than by the appliance ofscientific principles.A. foolishB.unplanned C.unavoidable D. wise【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第31课Petroleum Geology and Other Sciences第8段【释义】random adj.随机的foolish adj.愚蠢的；傻的；感到荒谬；出丑unplanned adj.未计划（或筹划）的；意外的unavoidable adj.无法避免的；难以预防的wise adj.充满智慧的；明智的；英明的；明察善断的SectionBDirections: There are some incompletesentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A，B, C and D.Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence and mark your answer onthe answer sheet.11、Our overseas branchoffice is ____ to open in Dubai next month.A. advancedB. informedC.maintained D. scheduled【参考答案】D【出处】托业考试（TOEIC）模拟试题【释义】advance v.提前；进步；促进；预付inform v.通知；通告；知会；了解maintain v.维护；保持；坚持；抚养schedule v.安排；预定；为…安排时间12、Dear, do send thechildren to bed. I can't ____ their noise any longer.A. put up withB. put outC. put offD. putaway 【参考答案】A【出处】专升本英语考前复习试题【释义】put up with na. 忍住；忍耐putout v.扑灭；熄灭；放出；伸出putoff na. 延期；辩解putaway v.把…收起来；储存13、Sales promotion ____those promotional activities other than advertising, personal selling, andpublicity.A. is consistedofB. consists ofC. is composed fromD. composes from【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第52课Sales Promotion第1段【释义】is consisted of 被动语态，由……组成的consists of v.由…构成；由…组成；由…组成14、These fuels____ heatwhen they burn.A. give upB. give offC. give awayD. give in【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第26课The Magic of Energy第13段【释义】give up na.放弃；断绝；投降；自首give off na.放出；发出；释放；散发出give away na.赠送；分发；放弃；露马脚give in na.让步；屈服；投降；上交15、I believe in thesupreme worth of the individual and in his right __ life, liberty, and thepursuit of happiness.A. byB. to c. at D.over 【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第7课Our Family Creed第5段16、Wherever you go inthe world, try to show respect for the values of the country you are in, ____ youdo not necessarily agree with them.A. whateverB. even ifC.as ifD. provided【参考答案】B【出处】2016版《通用选读》第46课Cultural Taboos第6段【释义】whatever pron.[连接代词]无论；什么都；〈俚〉究竟…什么even if na.即使…也as if 仿佛；好像；俨然；似乎；就跟…一样provided conj.如果；假如；在…条件下17、Mainframe SoftwareCompany ____ its clients complete satisfaction with all its products.A. requestsB. admitsC.agreesD.guarantees 【参考答案】D【出处】托业考试（TOEIC）试题【释义】这里要选择谓语动词。