主要英语国家地图
地理相关英语词汇(1)
地理相关英语词汇（1）一、基础词汇1. 地球（Earth）：我们生活的星球，位于太阳系中的第三颗行星。
2. 大陆（Continent）：地球上面积较大的陆地，如亚洲、非洲、北美洲等。
3. 海洋（Ocean）：地球上广阔的盐水区域，如太平洋、大西洋、印度洋等。
4. 国家（Country）：具有独立政治实体和固定领土的区域。
5. 地图（Map）：展示地球表面或某一区域的图形表示。
6. 河流（River）：地表自然水流，通常由源头流向海洋或湖泊。
7. 山脉（Mountain Range）：一系列相连的山峰，如喜马拉雅山脉、阿尔卑斯山脉等。
8. 气候（Climate）：一个地区长期的天气状况和大气现象。
9. 生态系统（Ecosystem）：生物与非生物环境相互作用的一个自然系统。
10. 自然资源（Natural Resources）：自然界中人类可以利用的物质和能量，如水、土地、矿产等。
二、地形地貌词汇1. 高原（Plateau）：相对平坦且海拔较高的地区，如青藏高原。
2. 平原（Plain）：地势低平，起伏较小的地区，如华北平原。
3. 山峰（Mountain）：地形高耸，尖锐或圆形的陆地部分。
4. 峡谷（Canyon）：河流长期侵蚀形成的深而狭窄的地形。
5. 沙漠（Desert）：降水量极少的地区，地表覆盖沙子或石块。
6. 湖泊（Lake）：位于陆地上的淡水或咸水水域，如青海湖、洞庭湖等。
7. 沼泽（Marsh）：土壤水分饱和，生长有特殊植被的地区。
三、地理现象词汇1. 地震（Earthquake）：地球表层快速释放能量，导致地面震动的一种自然现象。
2. 火山爆发（Volcanic Eruption）：地球内部岩浆喷发到地表的现象。
4. 洪水（Flood）：河流、湖泊水位急剧上涨，淹没周边地区的一种自然现象。
5. 干旱（Drought）：长时间无降水或降水量明显减少，导致土壤水分不足的现象。
四、地理学术词汇1. 地理信息系统（GIS）：一种用于捕捉、存储、分析和管理地理空间数据的系统。
六年级上册英语教案-Unit2《AroundtheWorld》(StoryTime)｜人教(新起点)
六年级上册英语教案－Unit 2《Around the World》（StoryTime）｜人教(新起点)教学内容本单元以《Around the World》为主题，通过Story Time环节，介绍不同国家的文化、地理特征和风土人情。
教学内容包括认识世界主要国家的名称、位置、语言以及代表性文化符号，同时培养学生对世界多元文化的尊重和理解。
教学目标1. 知识与技能：学生能够听懂、会说、会读本单元的关键词汇和句型，如“country”, “capital”, “language”, “custom”等。
2. 过程与方法：通过小组讨论、角色扮演等活动，提高学生的英语听说能力和合作学习能力。
3. 情感态度价值观：培养学生对世界文化的兴趣和尊重，增强其国际视野和文化包容性。
教学难点1. 正确发音和记忆国家名称及其相关信息。
2. 运用本单元所学句型和词汇描述不同国家的特点。
3. 理解并尊重不同文化之间的差异。
教具学具准备1. 世界地图或地球仪。
2. 各国国旗、国徽和代表性文化符号的图片。
3. 录音机及教学录音带。
4. PPT课件。
教学过程1. 导入：通过播放世界风光短片，激发学生对本单元主题的兴趣，引入新课。
2. 新授：展示地图或地球仪，介绍不同国家的位置、首都、语言和文化特点。
教授并练习本单元的关键词汇和句型。
4. 巩固：通过听力练习和小游戏，巩固学生对本单元词汇和句型的掌握。
板书设计1. 本单元的主题《Around the World》。
2. 重点词汇和句型列表。
3. 世界地图，标注出讨论的国家。
4. 各国国旗、国徽和文化符号的图片。
作业设计1. 绘制一幅关于自己最喜欢的国家的海报，用英语标注该国的特点。
2. 写一篇小短文，介绍自己最想去的世界某个地方，并说明原因。
课后反思通过本节课的教学，教师应反思学生的参与程度、学习效果以及教学方法的适用性。
特别是对于教学难点的处理，是否有效地帮助学生理解和记忆了国家名称及其相关信息，以及是否通过教学活动促进了学生的文化理解和尊重。
每个国家的英语名称
每个国家的英语名称239 圣多美和普林西比Sao Tome&Principe 240 塞内加尔Senegal241 塞舌尔Seychelles242 塞拉利昂Sierra Leone243 索马里Somalia244 南非S.Africa245 西撒哈拉Western Sahara246 苏丹Sudan247 坦桑尼亚Tanzania248 多哥Togo249 突尼斯Tunisia250 乌干达Uganda251 布基纳法索Burkina Faso252 民主刚果Congo,DR253 赞比亚Zambia254 津巴布韦Zimbabwe255 莱索托Lesotho256 梅利利亚Melilla257 斯威士兰Swaziland299 非洲其他国家(地区) Oth. Afr. nes100 亚洲Asia300 欧洲Europe301 比利时Belgium302 丹麦Denmark303 英国United Kingdom304 德国Germany305 法国France306 爱尔兰Ireland307 意大利Italy308 卢森堡Luxembourg309 荷兰Netherlands310 希腊Greece311 葡萄牙Portugal312 西班牙Spain313 阿尔巴尼亚Albania314 安道尔Andorra315 奥地利Austria316 保加利亚Bulgari354 马其顿Macedonia Rep318 芬兰Finland320 直布罗陀Gibraltar321 匈牙利Hungary322 冰岛Iceland323 列支敦士登Liechtenstein324 马耳他Malta325 摩纳哥Monaco337 格鲁吉亚Georgia327 波兰Poland326 挪威Norway328 罗马尼亚Romania329 圣马力诺San Marino330 瑞典Sweden331 瑞士Switzerland349 南斯拉夫Yugoslavia FR399 欧洲其他国家(地区) Oth. Eur. nes 400 拉丁美洲Latin America401 安提瓜和巴布达Antigua&Barbuda 402 阿根廷Argentina403 阿鲁巴岛Aruba404 巴哈马Bahamas405 巴巴多斯Barbados406 伯利兹Belize408 玻利维亚Bolivia409 博内尔Bonaire410 巴西Brazil356 梵蒂冈城国Vatican City State 411 开曼群岛Cayman Is412 智利Chile413 哥伦比亚Colombia338 亚美尼亚Armenia414 多米尼亚共和国Dominica415 哥斯达黎加Costa Rica416 古巴Cuba417 库腊索岛Curacao418 多米尼加共和国Dominican Rep. 419 厄瓜多尔Ecuador420 法属圭亚那French Guyana421 格林纳达Grenada422 瓜德罗普Guadeloupe423 危地马拉Guatemala424 圭亚那Guyana425 海地Haiti426 洪都拉斯Honduras427 牙买加Jamaica428 马提尼克Martinique429 墨西哥Mexico430 蒙特塞拉特Montserrat431 尼加拉瓜Nicaragua432 巴拿马Panama433 巴拉圭Paraguay434 秘鲁Peru435 波多黎各Puerto Rico436 萨巴Saba437 圣卢西亚Saint Lucia438 圣马丁岛Saint Martin Is439 圣文森特和格林纳丁斯Saint Vincent&Grenadines 440 萨尔瓦多El Salvador441 苏里南Suriname442 特立尼达和多巴哥Trinidad &Tobago443 特克斯和凯科斯群岛Turks & Caicos Is444 乌拉圭Uruguay445 委内瑞拉Venezuela446 英属维尔京群岛Br. Virgin Is447 圣其茨-尼维斯St. Kitts-Nevis500 北美洲North America499 拉丁美洲其他国家(地区) Oth. L.Amer. nes501 加拿大Canada502 美国United States503 格陵兰Greenland504 百慕大Bermuda599 北美洲其他国家(地区) Oth. N.Amer. nes600 大洋洲Oceania601 澳大利亚Australia602 库克群岛Cook Is603 斐济Fiji604 盖比群岛Gambier Is605 马克萨斯群岛Marquesas Is606 瑙鲁Nauru607 新喀里多尼亚New Caledonia608 瓦努阿图Vanuatu609 新西兰New Zealand610 诺福克岛Norfolk Is611 巴布亚新几内亚Papua New Guinea612 社会群岛Society Is613 所罗门群岛Solomon Is614 汤加Tonga615 土阿莫土群岛Tuamotu Is616 土布艾群岛Tubai Is617 萨摩亚Samoa618 基里巴斯Kiribati619 图瓦卢Tuvalu699 大洋洲其他国家(地区) Oth. Ocean. nes701 国(地)别不详的Countries(reg.) unknown702 联合国及机构和国际组织UN and other interational 999 中性包装原产国别334 爱沙尼亚Estonia335 拉脱维亚Latvia336 立陶宛Lithuania339 阿塞拜疆Azerbaijan340 白俄罗斯Byelorussia341 哈萨克斯坦Kazakhstan342 吉尔吉斯Kirghizia343 摩尔多瓦Moldavia344 俄罗斯联邦Russia345 塔吉克斯坦Tadzhikistan346 土库曼斯坦Turkmenistan347 乌克兰Ukraine348 乌兹别克斯坦Uzbekstan350 斯洛文尼亚Slovenia Rep351 克罗地亚Croatia Rep352 捷克共和国Czech Rep353 斯洛伐克Slovak Rep355 波斯尼亚-黑塞哥维那共和Bosnia&Hercegovina 622 帕劳共和国Palau258 厄立特里亚Eritrea111 印度India121 中国澳门Macau101 阿富汗Afghanistan102 巴林Bahrian103 孟加拉国Bangladesh104 不丹Bhutan105 文莱Brunei106 缅甸Myanmar107 柬埔寨Cambodia108 塞浦路斯Cyprus109 朝鲜Korea,DPR110 中国香港Hong Kong112 印度尼西亚Indonesia113 伊朗Iran114 伊拉克Iraq115 以色列Israel116 日本Japan117 约旦Jordan118 科威特Kuwait119 老挝Laos,PDR120 黎巴嫩Lebanon122 马来西亚Malaysia123 马尔代夫Maldives124 蒙古Mongolia125 尼泊尔Nepal126 阿曼Oman127 巴基斯坦Pakistan128 巴勒斯坦Palestine129 菲律宾Philippines130 卡塔尔Qatar131 沙特阿拉伯Saudi Arabia132 新加坡Singapore133 韩国Korea Rep.134 斯里兰卡Sri Lanka135 叙利亚Syrian136 泰国Thailand137 土耳其Turkey138 阿联酋United Arab Emirates 139 也门共和国Republic of Yemen 620 密克罗尼西亚联邦Micronesia Fs 141 越南Vietnam142 中国China621 马绍尔群岛Marshall Is Rep143 台澎金马单独关税区Taiwan prov. 199 亚洲其他国家(地区) Oth. Asia nes 201 阿尔及利亚Algeria202 安哥拉Angora200 非洲Africa203 贝宁Benin204 博茨瓦那Botswana205 布隆迪Burundi206 喀麦隆Cameroon207 加那利群岛Canary Is208 佛得角Cape Vrde209 中非共和国Central African Rep.210 塞卜泰Ceuta211 乍得Chad212 科摩罗Comoros213 刚果Congo214 吉布提Djibouti215 埃及Egypt216 赤道几内亚Eq.Guinea217 埃塞俄比亚Ethiopia218 加蓬Gabon219 冈比亚Gambia220 加纳Ghana221 几内亚Guinea222 几内亚(比绍) Guinea Bissau223 科特迪瓦Cote d´lvoir224 肯尼亚Kenya225 利比里亚Liberia226 利比亚Libyan Arab Jm227 马达加斯加Madagascar228 马拉维Malawi229 马里Mali230 毛里塔尼亚Mauritania231 毛里求斯Mauritius232 摩洛哥Morocco233 莫桑比克Mozambique234 纳米比亚Namibia235 尼日尔Niger236 尼日利亚Nigeria237 留尼汪Reunion238 卢旺达Rwanda回答者：yyy836 - 助理三级11-7 14:54新华书店应该有吧，反正有卖地图的地方应该都有的啊！！回答者：0116 - 魔法学徒一级11-7 14:54中国（CHN、People's Republic of China）中国香港（HKG、Hong-Kong）中国澳门（OMA、Oman）中国台北(TPE、Chinese Taipei）阿富汗（AFG、Afghanistan）巴林（BRN、Bahrain）孟加拉国（BAN、Bangladesh）不丹（BHU、Bhutan）文莱（BRU、Brunei Darussalam）柬埔寨（CAM、Cambodia）朝鲜（PRK、Democratic People's Republic of Korea）印度（IND、India）印度尼西亚（INA、Indonesia）伊拉克（IRQ 、Iraq）伊朗（IRI、Islamic Republic of Iran）日本（JPN、Japan）约旦（JOR、Jordan）哈萨克斯坦（KAZ、Kazakhstan）韩国（KOR、Korea）科威特（KUW、Kuwait）吉尔吉斯斯坦（KGZ、Kyrgyzstan）老挝（LAO、Lao People's Democratic Republic）黎巴嫩（LIB、Lebanon）马来西亚（MAS、Malaysia）马尔代夫（MDV、Maldives）蒙古（MGL、Mongolia）缅甸（MYA、Myanmar (ex Burma until 1989) ）尼泊尔（NEP、Nepal）巴基斯坦（PAK、Pakistan）巴勒斯坦（PLE、Palestine）菲律宾（PHI、Philippines）卡塔尔（QAT、Qatar）沙特阿拉伯（KSA、Saudi Arabia）新加坡（SIN、Singapore）斯里兰卡（SRI、Sri Lanka）叙利亚（SYR、Syrian Arab Republic）塔吉克斯坦（TJK、Tadjikistan）泰国（THA、Thailand ）东帝汶（TLS、Timor-Leste）土库曼斯坦（TKM、Turkmenistan）阿拉伯联合酋长国（UAE、United Arab Emirates）乌兹别克斯坦（UZB、Uzbekistan）越南（VIE、Viet Nam ）也门（YEM、Yemen）非洲奥委会协会（ANOCA）(Association des Comités Nationaux Olympiques d'Afrique)：阿尔及利亚（ALG、Algeria）安哥拉（ANG、Angola）贝宁（BEN 、Benin）博茨瓦纳（BOT、Botswana）布尔基纳法索（BUR、Burkina Faso）布隆迪（BDI、Burundi）喀麦隆（CMR、Cameroon）佛得角（CPV、Cape Verde）中非（CAF 、Central African Republic）乍得（CHA、Chad）科摩罗（COM、Comoros）刚果（CGO、Congo）科特迪瓦（CIV、Cote d'Ivoire ）刚果民主共和国（COD 、Democratic Republic of the Congo）吉布提（DJI、Djibouti）埃及（EGY、Egypt）赤道几内亚（GEQ、Equatorial Guinea）厄立特里亚（ERI、Eritrea）埃塞俄比亚（ETH 、Ethiopia）加蓬（GAB、Gabon）冈比亚（GAM、Gambia）加纳（GHA、Ghana）几内亚（GUI、Guinea）几内亚比绍（GBS 、Guinea-Bissau）肯尼亚（KEN、Kenya）莱索托（LES、Lesotho ）利比里亚（LBR、Liberia）利比亚阿拉伯加马西里亚（LBA、Libyan Arab Jamahiriya）马达加斯加（MAD 、Madagascar）马拉维（MAW、Malawi）马里（MLI、Mali）毛里塔尼亚（MTN 、Mauritania）毛里求斯（MRI、Mauritius）摩洛哥（MAR、Morocco）莫桑比克（MOZ、Mozambique）纳米比亚（NAM 、Namibia）尼日尔（NIG、Niger）尼日利亚（NGR、Nigeria）卢旺达（RWA、Rwanda）圣多美和普林西比（STP、Sao Tome and Principe）塞内加尔（SEN、Senegal）塞舌尔（SEY 、Seychelles）塞拉利昂（SLE、Sierra Leone）索马里（SOM 、Somalia）南非（RSA 、South Africa）苏丹（SUD、Sudan）斯威士兰（SWZ、Swaziland）多哥（TOG、Togo ）突尼斯（TUN、Tunisia）乌干达（UGA、Uganda ）坦桑尼亚（TAN、United Republic of Tanzania）赞比亚（ZAM 、Zambia）津巴布韦（ZIM 、Zimbabwe）欧洲奥委会协会COE/EOC (Les Comités Olympiques Européens) 阿尔巴尼亚（ALB、Albania）安道尔（AND、Andorra）亚美尼亚（ARM、Armenia）奥地利（AUT、Austria）阿塞拜疆（AZE、Azerbaijan）白俄罗斯（BLR、Belarus）比利时（BEL、Belgium ）波黑（BIH、Bosnia and Herzegovina）保加利亚（BUL、Bulgaria）克罗地亚（CRO、Croatia）塞浦路斯（CYP、Cyprus）捷克（CZE、Czech Republic）丹麦（DEN、Denmark）爱沙尼亚（EST、Estonia）芬兰（FIN、Finland）马其顿（MKD 、Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia）法国（FRA、France）格鲁吉亚（GEO、Georgia）德国（GER、Germany）英国（GBR、Great Britain ）希腊（GRE、Greece）匈牙利（HUN、Hungary）冰岛（ISL、Iceland ）爱尔兰（IRL、Ireland ）以色列（ISR、Israel）意大利（ITA、Italy ）拉脱维亚（LAT、Latvia）列支敦士登（LIE、Liechtenstein ）立陶宛（LTU、Lithuania）卢森堡（LUX、Luxembourg）马耳他（MLT、Malta）摩纳哥（MON、Monaco）荷兰（NED、Netherlands）挪威（NOR、Norway）波兰（POL、Poland）葡萄牙（POR、Portugal）摩尔多瓦（MDA、Republic of Moldova）罗马尼亚（ROM、Romania）俄罗斯（RUS、Russian Federation）圣马力诺（SMR、San Marino）塞黑（SCG、Serbia and Montenegro）斯洛伐克（SVK、Slovakia）斯洛文尼亚（SLO、Slovenia）西班牙（ESP、Spain）瑞典（SWE、Sweden ）瑞士（SUI、Switzerland ）土耳其（TUR、Turkey）乌克兰（UKR、Ukraine）大洋洲奥委会协会ONOC (Oceania National Olympic Committees) :美属萨摩亚（ASA、American Samoa）澳大利亚（AUS、Australia）库克群岛（COK、Cook Islands）密克罗尼西亚（FSM、Federated States of Micronesia）斐济（FIJ、Fiji）关岛（GUM 、Guam）基里巴提（KIR、Kiribati）瑙鲁（NRU、Nauru）新西兰（NZL、New Zealand )帕劳( PLW、Palau）巴布亚新几内亚（PNG 、Papua New Guinea）萨摩亚（SAM、Samoa (until 1996 Western Samoa)）所罗门群岛（SOL、Solomon Islands）汤加（TGA、Tonga）瓦努阿图（VAN、Vanuatu）泛美体育组织PASO/ODEPA (Organización Deportiva Panamericana) : 安提瓜和巴布达（ANT、Antigua and Barbuda）阿根廷（ARG、Argentina）阿鲁巴（ARU、Aruba）巴哈马（BAH、Bahamas）巴巴多斯（BAR、Barbados）贝利塞（BIZ、Belize）百慕大（BER、Bermuda）玻利维亚（BOL、Bolivia）巴西（BRA、Brazil）英属维尔京群岛（IVB、British Virgin Islands）加拿大（CAN、Canada）开曼群岛（CAY、Cayman Islands）智利（CHI、Chile）哥伦比亚（COL、Colombia）哥斯达黎加（CRC、Costa Rica）古巴（CUB、Cuba）多米尼加（DMA 、Dominica）民主多米尼加（DOM、Dominican Republic）厄瓜多尔（ECU、Ecuador）萨尔瓦多（ESA、El Salvador）格林纳达（GRN、Grenada）危地马拉（GUA、Guatemala）圭亚那（GUY、Guyana）海地（HAI、Haiti）洪都拉斯（HON、Honduras）牙买加（JAM、Jamaica）墨西哥（MEX、Mexico）荷属安的列斯（AHO、Netherlands Antilles）尼加拉瓜（NCA、Nicaragua）巴拿马（PAN、Panama）巴拉圭（PAR、Paraguay）秘鲁（PER、Peru）波多黎各（PUR、Puerto Rico）圣基特和内维斯（SKN、Saint Kitts and Nevis）圣卢西亚（LCA、Saint Lucia）圣文森特和格林哪达（VIN、Saint Vincent and the Grenadines）苏里南（SUR、Suriname）特立尼达和多巴哥（TRI、Trinidad and Tobago）美国（USA United States of America）乌拉圭（URU、Uruguay）委内瑞拉（VEN、Venezuela）维尔京群岛（ISV 、Virgin Islands）。
客源国概况美国篇ppt课件
14、首都：华盛顿 Washington 人口52多万 全称：华盛顿哥伦比亚特区。
建于1790年,1800年正式使用。 美国政治、历史、文化中心，
有众多旅游景点。
二、美国简史
1、只有200多年历史。原为印第安人聚 居地。
2、1492年哥伦布发现美洲。从15世纪 末西班牙、荷兰、法、英等国开始向北 美移民。
美国景—旧金山超美金字塔
◎这是一座金字塔 式建筑，高853英尺， 有48层，是旧金山 市最高的建筑。刚 刚建成时，人们并 不能接受它的风格， 把它称为“地狱刺 出的利剑”和“印 第安人的帐篷”。 现在，它已经成为 深受人们喜爱的城 市建筑。
2、面积： 963(937)万km2
3、人口： 3.23亿(2015)
4、民族：多民族国家。白人约75%。 黑人约12%，还有犹太人、墨西哥人、 波多黎各人、华人等。大约155个民 族后裔。印第安人约136万。
5、语言：美式英语。
6、宗教：基督教新教(56%)、天主 教(28%)、犹太教(2%)、东正教(1%) 等。几乎所有宗教在美国都有信徒。 共250多个宗教派别。不属于任何教 派的约10%。
歌词：哦，你可看见，透过一线曙光， 我们对着什么，发出欢呼的声浪？谁的阔 条明星，冒着一夜炮火，依然锓风招展， 在我军碉堡上？火炮闪闪发光，炸弹轰轰 作响，它们都是见证，国旗安然无恙。你 看星条旗不是还高高飘扬在这自由国家， 勇士的家乡？
透过稠密的雾，隐约望见对岸，顽敌 正在酣睡，…… 这是星条旗，但愿它永 远飘扬在这自由国家，勇士的家乡。……
美国景点—旧金山阿尔卡特拉斯
◎阿尔卡特拉斯是一座方圆22英亩、岩石从生的小 岛，从1934年至1963年，它是美国臭名昭著的男监 狱的所在地，囚禁过不少传奇式的人物。岛名意思 为黑鸬鹚，它们在岛上的悬崖和岩石间沐浴着阳光。
所有国家与语言的英文名字
马达加斯加 Madagascar
毛里求斯 Mauritius
塞舌尔 Seychelles
索马里 Somalia
苏丹 Sudan
乌干达 Uganda
坦桑尼亚 Tanzania
厄立特里亚 Eritrea
美洲 AMERICAS
北美洲 North America
加拿大 Canada
美利坚合众国 United States of America
墨西哥 Mexico
中美洲 Central America
哥斯达黎加 Costa Rica
萨尔瓦多 El Salvador
危地马拉 Guatemala
洪都拉斯 Honduras
尼加拉瓜 Nicaragua
巴拿马 Panama
苏里南 Suriname
缅甸语 Burmese
白俄罗斯语 Byelorussian
汉语 Chinese
捷克语 Czech
丹麦语 Danish
荷兰语 Dutch
英语 English
爱沙尼亚语 Estonian
芬兰语 Finnish
佛兰芒语 Flemish
法语 French
盖尔语 Gaelic
格鲁吉亚语 Georgian
马拉维 Malawi
莫桑比克 Mozambique
纳米比亚 Namibia
南非 South Africa
斯威士兰 Swaziland
赞比亚 Zambia
津巴布韦 Zimbabwe
东非 East Africa
科摩罗 Comoros
吉布提 Djibouti
英语国家概况问答
英语国家概况1. "British history has been a history of invasion". Please illustrate this point with the examples from the text. How did each of the invasions influence English culture ?2. What are some general characteristics of Scotland ?3. Describe Wales' unification with Great Britain.4. Are there any differences between England and Wales in terms of cultural tradition ?5. Why is Northern Ireland, according to the author, so significant in the United Kingdom? What is the political problem there?6. What are some of the factors in Irish and English history that affect the situation in Northern Ireland today?7. Different parties and groups in the United Kingdom have different solutions to the political problem in Northern Ireland. Please sum up their different attitudes.8. Has the author offered a solution to the political problem in Northern Ireland?9. What is the oldest institution of government?10. What is the name of the charter of liberty and political rights granted by King John in 1215?11. Do you think Elizabethan Drama occupies a significant position in British literature? Who is the most important figure in Elizabethan Drama? What are some of his major works?12. What do we call the group of important Parliamentarians?13. Which party forms the government and who becomes Prime Minister?14. What are some of the changes that have take place recently in the Chinese attitude towards sports? How do you account for these changes?15. For how many years is a general election held once in the UK?16. Who can stand for election as an MP?17. What are the three major parties? Which party is the party that spent most time in power?18. Which party does Tony Blair belong to?19. When was the British economy dominant in the world?20. By what time was the UK overtaken by other countries, such as the US and Germany?21. Which country does it refer to as "the Jewel in the Crown"? When did it gain its independence?22. What are some of the positive and negative effects of non-white immigrants on British society according to the author?23. What is the general situation of racial relations in the UK?24. Why is Geoffrey Chaucer, who wrote in Middle English, still read and studied today?25. When was the term "parliament" first used officially?26. The author says that "the media are central to British leisure culture", why does the author say so?27. What are some of the characteristics of British newspaper culture? In what way is it different from the United States?28. Is the British press free from the government control and censorship? What is the relationship between the British press and politics or business?29. How does the BBC operate? How is it different from American broadcasting systems?30. What are some of the features of Romantic Literature?31. What is Modernism? Can you illustrate your points with specific books as examples?32. What is Postmodernism? Can you illustrate your points with specific books as examples?33. How has the Christian church influenced British sports? Please pick up some examples from the text.34. What is the origin of football?35. How is the violence of "football hooligans" related to the British history of football?36. Why is cricket very English? Why does the author believe that cricket was associated with a set of English moral values?37. Christmas is the biggest and best-loved British holiday? How do the British celebrate thisholiday?38. How do the British celebrate the Queen's Birthday? What is the origin of this holiday?39. Bonfire Night is one truly English holiday. How and why do the English celebrate this holiday?40. How do the Protestants and Catholics celebrate their own holidays in Northern Ireland? What traditions are behind their celebrations?41. How is Hogmanay celebrated in Scotland? What other festivals are celebrated in Scotland?42. Which are the two most important and famous universities in Britain?43. What is the goal of education in the U.K.?44. Is the British education system run by the state or the private sector?45. Where do British universities receive their funds besides students tuition?46. Why does the author say that "the way the living arrangements of a society as a whole are organized tells us something about that society"?47. What are the four main types of home in Britain? How do they reflect the cost and status of homes? What are some of the major types of home in China?48. How are people in the UK divided into different classes?49. Is the class system similar with the United States?50. What and how did the British empire end? How did the British react to this reality?51. What are the foundations of Britain's foreign policy?52. How is Britain's foreign policy made? Does the government's foreign policy represent the desires of British citizens?53. Why does the author say that the decision to join the EC was and remains controversial in Britain?54. Why does the author think that Britain has the "special relationship" with the United States? Does this relationship still exist?55. What are some of the general characteristics of Australia in terms of land, people and culture?56. Discuss the climate in Australia. What are some of the major differences between Australia and China in terms of the climate?57. What are the six states of Australia? What are some of the major similarities or differences in terms of population, early settlement and economy in the six states?58. Can you point out some main differences between the Australian government system and the British government system?59. Discuss the Australian education system. What are some of the features in the system that are specifically Australian?60. What are some of the distinct features of New Zealand's geography? Find out similarities and differences in terms of geography between New Zealand and Australia.61. What are some of the similarities between New Zealand and Britain in the government system?62. How did modern development in Europe influence the settlement of North American colonies?63. What was the unique American phenomenon ? How did it come into being? Do you think it still exists in today's American society?64. In what way did Puritanism influence American culture?65. What are the two political parties in the United States? Do you think they are fundamentally different?66. What is the Bill of Rights? Do you think that it was necessary to write the Bill of Rights explicitly into the U.S. Constitution?67. Why did the Articles of Confederation fail? Was it necessary to change the Articles of Confederation and write a new constitution for the new nation of the United States at the time?68. What is a federal system? What are some of the major differences between a federal system and a confederation?69. What are some of the major powers of each of the three branches of the U.S. government? How are the three branches supposed to check and balance each other?70. It is known to all that buying and selling stocks is a risky business. Why do you think there are still so many people involved in it?71. What promotes the diversity in American religion?72. In what way do you think that religious freedom was a historical necessity in the United States?73. What is the relationship between government and religion in America?74. What are some of the features in religion that are particularly American? What are some of the major differences between American religion and religion in Europe?75. What is the main theme in American literature according to the author? How does the author illustrate his point?76. Why did Mark Twain win so many readers both at home and abroad?77. What are the major characteristics of education in America?78. What are some of the major themes in novels written by the "Lost Generation"?79. What is the goal of education in the United States? Discuss the similarities and differences in Great Britain, the United States and China concerning the goals of education.80. What does an American student learn?81. What were the major social movements of the 1960s? And what was the historical background of the social movements of that decade?82. The black political movement that began as a force for integration changed course in the mid-1960s and began to emphasize black uniqueness and even black separatism. What caused this transformation?83. Draw analogies between the black revolution and the women's movement. What common assumptions do they share?84. The author says that the United States was founded on the principle of human equality, but in practice the nation has fallen far short of that ideal. Illustrate this point with what you have learned from this book.85. What does poverty mean in the United States ? Why is poverty a social problem in America?86. Why does the author emphasize that the invention of one technology has to be supported by a number of related technologies which form a supporting system? Give examples.87. When are the American football matches held?88. Why did a musical form of black origin gain acceptance in all classes in America and spread throughout the country?89. What are the contributions made by Louis Armstrong to the early jazz music?90. Why Canada is regularly rated as having the best standard of living in the world?91.What is the distinct feature in Canadian modern literature?92. Discuss the similarities and differences in the government systems between the U.K. and Canada.93. What are some of the characteristics of the Canadian party system?94. What are some of the things that make Canada a unique and interesting country?95. How do you understand "multiculturalism"?96. Why do you think the author says that Canada has avoided the worst excesses of intolerance and prejudice?97. What is the Canada's Place in the World Economy?98. Do you think the Canadian government should subsidize the inefficient Canadian farmers or import foodstuff from neighbouring American states?99. Why is the idea of survival thought of as the central symbol of Canadian literature? What does cultural survival mean in Canadian literature?100. What are the major reasons for Canada's active role in international organizations? And how does Canada play its active role?外国语学院：曾倩英语国家概况（1）（2）问题库答案1. British history has been a history of invasions. Before the first century AD Britain was made up of many tribal kingdoms of Celtic people: a powerful culture originating in central Europe. Then in 43AD Britain was invaded by the Roman empire, and England and Wales (though not Scotland or Ireland) became a part of the Roman empire for nearly 400 years.Two more groups of invaders were to come after the English: from the late 8th century on, raiders from Scandinavia, the ferocious Vikings, threatened Britain's shores….2. Scotland is the second largest of the four nations, both in population and in geographical area. It is also the most confident of its own identity because alone amongst the non-English components of the UK it has previously spent a substantial period of history as a unified state independent of the UK. Thus it is not a big leap for the Scottish to imagine themselves independent again.Physically, Scotland is the most rugged part of the UK, with areas of sparsely populated mountains and lakes in the north (The Highlands), and in the south (The Southern Uplands). Three-quarters of the population lives in the lowland zone which spans the country between these two highland areas. The largest city is Glasgow, in the west of this zone. Scotland's capital city is Edinburgh, on the east coast forty miles away from Glasgow. It is renowned for its beauty, and dominated by its great castle on a high rock in the centre of the city. Both cities have ancient and internationally respected universities dating from the 15th century.3. Wales was always under pressure from its English neighbours, particularly after the Norman conquest, when Norman barons set up castles and estates in Wales under the authority of the English Crown. Some brief campaigns are the only times in history when Wales has existed as a unified independent nation.4.Y es, there are. The close long-standing relationship means that modern Wales lacks some of the outward signs of difference which Scotland possesses—its legal system and its education system are exactly the same as in England. Often official statistics are given for "England and Wales". However, Wales is different, and one of the key markers of that difference is the Welsh language—the old British Celtic tongue which is still in daily use.5. Until 1921 the full name of the UK was "The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland", not only "Northern Ireland", because the whole island of Ireland was politically integrated with Great Britain, and had been since 1801, while Britain's domination of the Irish dated back centuries even before that date. But Irish desires for an independent Irish state were never lost, andone of the key issues in late nineteenth century British politics was a campaign in parliament for what was called "home-rule"—Irish political control of Irish affairs. The Home Rule Bill was finally passed in 1914, but the process was overtaken by the First World War and was suspended for the duration of the war.6. Along with the political campaign for home-rule there were groups who followed a more direct method of pursuing Irish independence, engaging in guerilla or terrorist activities against British institutions and the British military forces. During the First World War and immediately after, this activity increased, sometimes brutally suppressed by British forces.7. Margaret Thatcher's government did not give in to this demand for political status and 11 prisoners starved to death. This event revitalised the political campaign of Sinn Fein, the legal political party which supports the IRA's right to fight. Its leaders spoke of a twin campaign for union with Ireland, both political and military, which they called the policy of "The Bullet and the Ballot Box".8. The problem lay in the "commitment to peaceful methods" aspect of the possible talks. Province-wide elections are planned under a complex formula to ensure a wide range of representation on the body which will carry out these talks, in an attempt to give them legitimacy. Without the participation of Sinn Fein and the IRA it is hard to see them succeeding. Northern Ireland is poised on the brink—a new peaceful future, or a return to the violence that has claimed 3150 lives so far.9. The oldest institution of government is the Monarchy (rule by the king).10. It was a gang of feudal barons and the Church which opposed some of King John's (1199—1216) policies. This opposition was so powerful that the king finally granted them a charter of liberty and political rights, still known by its medieval Latin name of Magna Carta. Magna Carta placed some limits on the king's ability to abuse his royal power. This is still regarded as Britain's key expression of the rights of citizens against the Crown.11. Shakespeare is the most important figure at that time. He excels in each kind. The tragedies include Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, and Macbeth. Among the comedies are The Taming of the Shrew, A Midsummer Night's Dream, Twelfth Night, and The Tempest. His history plays, based on English history, include Richard III, Richard II, Henry IV, and Henry V.Julius Caesar and Antony and Cleopatra are tragedies on classical themes.12. The House of Commons.13. The party that wins most votes in general election and the leader of this winning party would become Prime Minister.14. They more and more like sports….15. For five years.16. Anyone who is eligible vote to can stand as an MP. It is necessary only to make a deposit of 500 pounds (a quite easily obtainable amount in the UK) which is lost if the candidate does not receive at least 5% of the vote.17. There are three major national parties: The Conservative party and the Labour party are the two biggest, and any general election is really about which of those two is going to govern. But there is a third important party, the Liberal Democrats, who usually receive up to about 20% of the votes: not enough to form a government, but enough to have a big impact on which of the other two parties does so. The Conservative Party spent most time in power18. Tony Blair belong to Labor Party.19. By the 1880s the British economy was dominant in the world, producing one third of the world's manufactured goods, half its coal and iron, half its cotton.20. But even by 1900 this was no longer the case, the UK having been overtaken by both the United States and Germany; and certainly from 1945 until the present, the story of the UK economy is usually thought of as one of decline.21. India, popularly known as "The Jewel in the Crown" of the British Empire, gained its independence in 1947.22. This has a number of consequences for British society, mainly positive, though with some indirect negative effects. On the positive side such immigrant groups bring their culture with them,which increases the variety and interest within British culture: for example, the UK, which used to have a bad reputation for food, now has a cuisine as varied as any, with Indian and Chinese restaurants in every community, as well as many other varieties in bigger cities. This variety in restaurant food has resulted in more experimentation at home, so that shops now carry a much wider variety of goods to supply the demand, and there are many TV programmes and books devoted to all kinds of different cooking. The negative side of things lies largely in the attitude of some of their white neighbours.23. While there is a growing ethnic minority middle-class, and many individual success stories, by most measures the immigrant population is worse-off economically speaking than the white population as a whole. Individuals from ethnic minorities are more likely to be unemployed; and they are under-represented in politics too, though there are now a number of black and Asian MPs. But there are also a number of small political parties in the UK with overtly racist policies.24. With the Norman Conquest in 1066 Britain entered the Middle Ages (1066—1485), and the language of the royal court became French. So literature of that period was written in French or Latin. But one work from these times often studied today by middle school and college students is The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer (1343—1400). He was the first court poet to write in English.25. The word "parliament" comes from the verb "to parley", that is, to discuss or talk. The term was first used officially in 1236 to describe the gathering of feudal barons and representatives from counties and towns which the king occasionally summoned if he wanted to raise money.26. On an average day, 90 per cent of Britons over the age of 15 read a national or local paper. And in the evening, most Britons settle down to watch some television: 96 percent of the population watch TV at least once a week, making it Britain's most popular leisure activity. The third most popular pastime, after watching telly and reading newspapers, is listening to the radio, an activity in which 73 per cent of the population engages in on a weekly basis. It is obvious, then, that the media are central to British leisure culture.27. British newspaper culture is unusual in the extent to which class and educational differences are reflected in the newspapers people read. In other developed countries like Japan and the United States, newspaper reading is a mainly middle-class habit, but in Britain the "lower classes" are also regular readers.28. While officially speaking the British press is "free" from government control and censorship and can print what it likes, there are limits to what will appear in the daily paper.29. The British Broadcasting Corporation - more familiarly known as the BBC or even "the Beeb" - is Britain's main public service broadcaster The BBC is funded by licence fees and viewers must buy a license each year for their TV set.30. Roughly the first third of the 19th century makes up English literature's romantic period. Writers of romantic literature are more concerned with imagination and feeling than with the power of reason, which marked the 18th century. Perhaps the rather violent and ugly world about them drove 19th-century writers to a literary refuge.31. Modernism in literature can be seen as a reaction against the nineteenth century forms discussed above, which can be thought of as assuming understanding between writer and reader, resulting in the simple communication of an agreed version of the "world". This approach to writing is known as "Realism." Instead, Modernist writers express the difficulty they see in understanding and communicating how the world works. Often, therefore, Modernist writing seems disorganized, hard to understand. It often portrays the action from the viewpoint of a single confused individual, rather than from the viewpoint of an all-knowing impersonal narrator outside the action….32. Postmodernists can be thought of as abandoning that search. Meaning does not exist outside of the human head, likewise it does not exist inside a book, waiting to be discovered, instead it is made in the process of reading a book, or of making sense of the world….33. Tennis was invented in Britain and it owes its origins, literally, to the Church. Church records indicate that by the mid-fifteenth century, people were making a game of bouncing a ball off the side of their local churches or cathedrals, first using the hand, and later a racquet. This was called "tenys". Such antics sometimes offended the clergy who complained that the dignity and tranquility of the church was shattered by such games, but they also illustrate how central the church was to community life.34. There are legends that suggest that games like football and rugby actually derived from the "sport" of ancient warriors celebrating victory by kicking around the decapitated head of an enemy.There is a similar grisly tale told about origins of bowling: it is said that in ancient times, Scottish warriors rolled the skulls of their enemies along the grass for sport.35. Today, violence is still associated with football. "Football hooligans", supporters of rival teams, sometimes clash before, during and after matches and occasionally run riot through the town, breaking windows and beating each other up. Some football fans paint their faces and sing or chant football songs and it is not too difficult to imagine their warrior-ancestors.36. As generations of public school boys grew up to become the civil servants and rulers of the UK and its colonies, cricket became associated with a set of moral values, in particular the idea of "fair play" which characterised British government. Sir Ian Bancroft, a high level civil servant in the 1980s, remembered that when he began his career in Whitehall, one day his government minister was so angry that he threw the telephone at him. Sir Ian said he knew exactly how to respond: "having played cricket I was able to catch it and hand it back to him politely."37. Y es. Nowadays, Christmas is celebrated by most Britons by exchanging gifts and Christmas cards, preparing holiday foods, and decorating homes and workplaces with coloured lights, Christmas trees and ornaments.38. One of Britain's most impressive and colourful festivals happens on the second Saturday in June when the Queen's Birthday is officially celebrated by "trooping the colour" around Buckingham Palace in London.39. The English do not celebrate their famous writers or battles or patron saints, although they have all these things. However, one truly English holiday is Bonfire Night—sometimes called Guy Fawkes Night—celebrated in the early autumn.40. Another festival which comes from the 17th century battles between Catholics and Protestants is the Protestant celebration of their victory at the Battle of the Boyne (12 July) in 1690. Northern Irish Catholics celebrate the birthday of the patron saint of Ireland, St Patrick, on March 17 each year.41. While most British people welcome the coming of the New Y ear with parties, in Scotland, New Y ear's Eve called Hogmanay (31 December)—is the major winter celebration, and overshadows Christmas (called Y ule in Scotland) which is a very quiet affair. How Hogmanay iscelebrated varies throughout Scotland, but one widely practised custom is "first footing". There is a superstitious belief that the first person to cross the threshold of a household in the New Y ear can bring luck and prosperity: the appearance of a young, preferably dark haired and handsome man, is considered particularly lucky. First footers often bring a bottle of spirits, alcohol, a lump of coal or a peat as a gift and are given a "dram of whisky" as their reward.42. Cambridge University and Oxford University.43. The goal of British education is to socialize children.44. The British education system run by the state.45. In the UK, the amount of funding each university receives is based on its size, the number of students it teaches, and the research it conducts. So far, the UK has only one privately funded university, the University of Buckingham.46. For individual members of any society the home they live in is of great importance in their lives. The way the living arrangements of a society as a whole are organized tells us something about that society—its standard of living, its social and familial structure, the distribution of wealth in a society—both in terms of geography and social hierarchy—and even something about that society's values and dreams.47. There are, broadly speaking, four main types of home. The first kind are "flats" (or apartments), of varying size, often in modern multi-storey purpose-built buildings, though sometimes made by sub-dividing big old houses. Flats are often publicly owned. The second kind are "terraced" houses: that is, individual two-storey houses built joining on to each other at each side in a terrace or row. The second kind are "terraced" houses: that is, individual two-storey houses built joining on to each other at each side in a terrace or row; the fourth one is “detached.”48. The British people are divided into classes economically, culturally, educationally and etc.49. What is distinctive about the British class-system, and which marks it as different from the American or Chinese social structure, is that it has also retained a hereditary aristocracy.50. Two world wars had seriously influenced its empire position. The end of the great British empire was surprisingly rapid. In 1946, Jordan, in the Middle East, was granted independence.The following year, India and Pakistan followed suit. In 1948, Burma and Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) were granted independence and left the Commonwealth as well, refusing to recognise the British monarch as the head of their new states. Throughout the next few decades, the process of decolonisation continued as other territories and possessions received their independence or were returned to their rightful rulers.51. The contemporary foreign policy of the UK is greatly influenced by its imperial history and also by its geopolitical traits. Perhaps the most important single factor which influences British policy-makers is its history.52. The Prime Minister and Cabinet decide on the general direction of Britain's foreign policy. The main government department involved is of course the Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO), but many other government ministries also play a part in formulating and executing the government's decisions.53. The decision to join the EEC was very controversial; and today, Britain's participation in the European Union, as it is now called, remains controversial. At the centre of the controversy is the fact that it is not clear what the European Union(EU) is and what it will become. The UK has always been very interested in encouraging free trade between countries and is therefore very supportive of the EU as a free trade area.However, the UK has always been less enthusiastic about giving up its national sovereignty (that is, its control over national decision-making) to a European government.54. Another major factor which influences British foreign policy is its relationship with the United States. This was quite natural, as the two were closely allied during World War II, and continued to work together closely in the post war years because they shared many of the same worries about the Soviet Union. Even today, in many respects British and American policy-makers agree generally on, for example, how the global economy should be managed, how a warlike state should be dealt with, issues about arms control and so on.55. Australia is the world's smallest continent and largest island, a relatively young nation established in an ancient land. Its development represents a triumph over remoteness and a harsh landscape…56. Australia is the driest inhabited continent and its rainfall varies extremely geographically and。
英语国家概况翻译
Unit 1 ABrief Intr oduct ion t o Th e Uni ted K ingdo m我们正在研究的这个国家的全称是大不列颠及北爱尔兰联合王国。
这也是一个复杂的名字，对于一个在许多方面都很复杂的国家。
大多数人都知道它，是因为它的庞大的海外帝国的称号使他在国家上扮演着重要的角色，但是在第二次世界大战之后的数年，这一切都结束了。
然而，人们知道的那些有关英国（他们可能称它为英国或者，错误的称为大不列颠）的事情，可能跟大多数真正的英国人是如果过自己的生活的事情没有多大的联系。
一方面，现在，帝国的时代已经过去很久了，只有老人们把帝国作为他们生活有一些意义的一件事留在记忆里。
英国不再是一个帝国，尽管其过去帝国的影响可能体现在各方各面;而不是仅仅体现在与曾经是这个帝国的一部分并且建立起一个松散（自愿）的称之为英联邦国家的组织保持联系的50或更多的国家之间的密切关系。
但是今天在英国国际关系中，更重要的是欧洲联盟。
自从1973年始，英国成为了它的成员。
考虑到当代的英国，强调它在欧盟中扮演的角色，比起英联邦的一部分，要有用得多了。
作为7国集团成员的大型发达经济体，它仍然是一个相对富裕的国家。
另外一个明显旧帝国的影响在于组成英国人口本身。
在20世纪50年代和60年代这段时间，受到鼓励来自这些英联邦国家的移民，导致了一个二十个人中就有一个非欧洲人的人口种族。
他们自己，其父母，或者祖父母，出生在印度或巴基斯坦，加勒比国家，仅举出这几个最有代表性的国家和地区。
这将引入什么是本章节关于英国的关键主题：因为是大多数，或所有的国家，是不可能用简单的话语来概括英国人民。
2024年人教版地理七年级上册4.2世界的语言和宗教-优课件
一、世界的语言
（一）你知道的世界的语 言有哪些？
据估计，全世界大约 有3000－4000中语言
（二）你知道联合国的工作 语言是哪几种？
汉语除了在我国使用外, 你还知道哪些国家和地区使 用汉语？
除了汉语你还会说什么 语言？请你 用该种语言介绍 一下你自己。
你知道英语在哪些国家 和地区广泛使用？
阿拉伯半岛、非洲北部等
二、世界的三大宗教
你知道世界上有哪几 大宗教吗？
基督教、伊斯兰教、佛教
三大宗教的代表建筑各有什么特征？
基督教典型建筑——教堂 建筑成尖顶，哥特式，用白色装饰。 伊斯兰教典型建筑——清真寺 它也建筑成圆形的顶，但顶上有装饰物。 佛教典型建筑——寺庙。 它主要建筑成圆形的塔形，同时用金黄色来装饰。
你认为学习英语有什么 重要性？
世界主要语言的分布
在地图上指出英语、 汉语、法 语、俄语、 西班牙语、阿拉伯语主 要分布在哪些地区
语言
主要分布地区
汉语
中国、东南亚
英语
欧洲的西部、北美洲、亚洲的南部等
俄语
亚洲的北部、中部、欧洲的东部等
法语 西班牙语
法国、非洲的中、西部 西班牙、拉丁美洲的许多国家
阿拉伯语
起八
，分
静放
待手
花；
开二
。分
成
➢Pure of heart， life is full of
绩 ， 八
sweet and joy!
分 方
所
有
父
母
我们，还在路上……
世界三大宗教的分布
宗教名称 起 源 地 区 主 要 分 布 地 区 基 督 教 亚 洲 的 西 部 欧洲、美洲、大洋洲
英文世界最大的国家是哪一个
英文世界最大的国家是哪一个这个世界上说英语的国家有哪些?小编试着数了数，一共是73个国家和地区：印度、美国巴基斯坦、奈及利亚、菲律宾、英国、南非、肯亚……啊不行了，太多了小编得数到天亮，那么我们还是来了解其中最大的说英语的国家吧!说英语的最大国家——加拿大。
加拿大(英语/法语：Canada)，位于北美洲最北端，英联邦国家之一，素有“枫叶之国”的美誉，首都是渥太华。
加拿大西抵太平洋，东迄大西洋，北至北冰洋，东北部和丹麦领地格陵兰岛相望，东部和法属圣皮埃尔和密克隆群岛相望，南方与美国本土接壤，西北方与美国阿拉斯加州为邻。
领土面积为998.467万平方公里，位居世界第二，国土大部分位于北极圈之内，人口主要集中在南部五大湖沿岸。
著名城市有多伦多、温哥华等。
官方语言有英语和法语两种，是典型的双语国家。
加拿大政治体制为联邦制、君主立宪制及议会制，英王伊丽莎白二世为国家元首及国家象征，但无实际权力。
加拿大是一个高度发达的资本主义国家，得益于丰富的自然资源和高度发达的科技，使其成为世界上拥有最高生活品质[1] 、社会最富裕、经济最发达的国家之一[2] ，是世界上最大最重要的钻石生产国之一。
[3] 加拿大在教育、政府的透明度、社会自由度、生活品质及经济自由的国际排名都名列前茅。
同时，加拿大也是八国集团、20国集团、北约、联合国、法语国家组织、世界贸易组织等国际组织的成员国。
历史加拿大原来是印第安人与因纽特人的居住地。
16世纪，法国人梦想发现并统治更多的疆域，扩展他们的贸易范围，并让世界各国信奉他们的信仰。
1535年，当时的法国国王弗朗索瓦一世命令航海家杰克斯·卡蒂埃尔(Jacques Kartier)去探寻“新世界”，以求找到一条通往印度的航道。
卡蒂埃尔首次探险来到了圣劳伦斯海湾。
这时他并不知道会在这里发现什么，但他希望这是大洋的一个分支，并是他通往远东征程的必经之路。
于是他沿圣劳伦斯河逆流而上。
然而他并没有到达所期盼的亚洲，却来到了魁北克(Québec)，当地的印第安人称它“Stadakona”。
人文知识概况
一，英语国家地理美国主要城市（4个地区，15个城市）Philip Sidney菲力普。
锡德尼Astrophel and Stella Apology for Poetry诗辩Edmond Spenser埃德蒙。
斯宾塞The Fairy Queen 仙后The Shepherds’s Calender 牧羊人日历Francis Bacon培根1561-1626 Advancement of Learning学术的进展;Novum Organum新工具;New Atlantic新大西岛;Essays论文集（Of Studies论学习;Of Wisdom for a Man’s Self）The founder of English materialist philosophyChristopher Marlowe 克里斯托夫。
马洛Tamburlaine铁木耳大帝Dr.Faustus浮士德的悲剧The Jew of Malta 马耳他的犹太人The Passionate Shepherd多情的牧羊人致情人William Shakespeare 莎士比亚1564-1616 The Tempest暴风风雨;The Two Gentlemen of Veronaz维罗纳二绅士;The Mercy Wives of Windsor温莎的风流妇人;Measure for Measure恶有恶报;The Comedy of Errors错中错;Much Ado about Nothing无事自扰;Love’s Labour’s Lost空爱一场;A Midsummer Night’s Dream仲夏夜之梦;The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人;As You Like It如愿;The Taming of the Shrew驯悍记;All’s Well That Ends Well皆大欢喜;Twelfth Night第十二夜;The Winter’s Tale冬天的故事;The Life and Death of King John/Richard the Second/Henry the Fifth/Richard the Third约翰王/理查二世/亨利五世/理查三世;The First/Second Part of King Henry the Fourth亨利四世（上、下）;The First/Second/Third Part of King Henry the Sixth亨利六世（上、中、下）;The Life of King Henry the Eighth亨利八世；Troilus and Cressida 脱爱勒斯与克莱西达;The Tragedy of Coriolanus考利欧雷诺斯;Titus Andronicus泰特斯·安庄尼克斯;Romeo and Julet罗密欧与朱丽叶；Timon of Athens雅典的泰门;The Life and Death of Julius Caesar;朱利阿斯·凯撒；The Tragedy of Macbeth麦克白;The Tragedy of Hamlet哈姆雷特/王子复仇记;King Lear李尔王;Othello奥塞罗;Antony and Cleopatra安东尼与克利欧佩特拉;Cymbeline辛白林;Pericles波里克利斯;Venus and Adonis维诺斯·阿都尼斯;Lucrece 露克利斯;The Sonnets十四行诗The Great Comedies: A Midsummer Night’s Dream仲夏夜之梦;The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人;As You Like It如愿;;Twelfth Night第十二夜;The Great Tragedies: The Tragedy of Hamlet哈姆雷特/王子复仇记; Othello奥塞罗King Lear李尔王; The Tragedy of Macbeth 麦克白;The Later Comedies(romances): Pericles波里克利斯; Cymbeline辛白林; The Winter’s Tale冬天的故事; The Tempest暴风风雨;E Cumings肯明斯1894-1962 Tulips anddd Chimneys 郁金香与烟囱;The Enormous Room 大房间;XLI Poems 诗41首;Viva 万岁;No ， Thanks 不，谢谢;Collected Poems 诗集;Eimi 爱米（访苏游记）F Scott Fitzgerald 弗朗西斯·菲茨杰拉德1896-1940(迷惘的一代) The Side of Paradise 人间天堂;The Beautiful and the Damned 美丽的和倒霉;The Great Gatsby 了不起的盖茨比;Tender in the Night 夜色温柔;The Last Tycoon 最后的巨头短篇小说：Flappers and Philosophers 姑娘们和哲学家们;T ales of the Jazz 爵士时代的故事;T aps at Reveille 早晨的起床号→The Ice Palace 冰宫;May Days 五一节;The Diamond as Big as the Ritz 像里茨饭店那样大的钻石;Winter Dreams 冬天的梦;The Rich Boy 富家子弟;Babylon Revisted 重访巴比伦敦 TheCrack-up 崩溃（自传体文集）Ernest Hemingway 欧内斯特·海明威1899-1961（“迷惘的一代”的代表人物） In Our Time 在我们的年代里;The Torrents of Spring 春潮;The Sun Also Rises 太阳照样升起;Farewell to Arms 永别了，武器;For Whom the Bell Tolls 丧钟为谁而鸣短篇小说：Men Without Women 没有女人的男人;The Winners Take Notheing 胜者无所获;The Fifth Column and First Forty-nine Stories 第五纵队与首次发表的四十九个短篇政论：To Have and Have Not 贫与富 回忆录：A Moveable Feast 到处逍遥William Faulkner 威廉·福克纳1897-1962 The Marble Faun 云石林神（诗集）;Soldiers ’ Pay 兵饷（小说）短篇小说：Dry September 干燥的九月;The Sound and the Fury 愤怒与喧嚣;As Ilay dying 当我垂死的时候;Light in August 八月之光;Absalom,Absolam 押沙龙，押沙龙（家世小说）Sherwood Anderson 舍伍德·安德森1876-1941Windy McPherson ’s Son 饶舌的麦克斐逊的儿子;Marching Men 前进中的人们;Mid-American Chants 美国中部之歌;Winesburg,Ohio/The Book of theGrotesque 俄亥俄州的温斯堡/畸人志;Poor White 穷苦的白人;Many Marriages 多种婚姻;Dark Laughter 阴沉的笑声The Triumph of the Egg and Other Stories 鸡蛋的胜利和其他故事;Death in theWoods and Other Stories 林中之死及其他故事;I Want to Know Why 我想知道为什么Sinclair Lewis 辛克莱·刘易斯1885-1951(美国第一个获诺贝尔奖)Dur Mr Wrenn 我们的雷恩先生;The Job 求职;The Main Street 大先进;Babbitt 巴比特;Arrowsmith 艾罗史密斯;Elmer Gantry 艾尔默·甘特里;Dodsworth 多兹沃斯;It can ’t Happen Here 事情不会发生在这里;Kingsblood Royal 王孙梦 Villa Sibert Cather 维拉·凯塞1873-1947 O,Pioneers 啊，先驱们;My Antonia 我的安东尼亚;The Professor ’s House 教授之家;Death Comes for the Archibishop 大主教之死Thomas Wolfe 托马斯·沃尔夫1900-1938 Look Homeward,Angel 天使，望乡→（续）Of Time and the River 时间与河流;The Web and the Rock 蛛网与岩石;You Can ’t Go Home Again 有家归不得;The Hills美国主要城市（4个地区，15个城市）西雅图，不是在硅谷silicon valley) 美国城市口诀：东北，大西洋沿岸（纽华费巴波）,西部，太平洋沿岸（西洛西斯科）,中西部（底特芝加哥）南部（奥休达迈多）, 加拿大主要城市地图（2个地区，3个省，5个城市）.（注意：加拿大首都是Ottawa，不是Vancouver）英国和爱尔兰主要城市地图（2个国家，4个地区,14个城市）不列颠群岛主要城市列表（爱尔兰首都是Dublin，苏格兰首都是Edinburgh）澳大利亚主要城市(4方海岸，7个城市)（首都是Canberra ，最大城市是Sydney ） 新西兰主要城市地图（2个岛，4个城市）（首都是Wellington, 最大城市是Auckland ）。
英语国家概况课后习题答案完整版
英语国家概况课后习题答案完整版一、选择题（答案在下面）I. Choose the one that best completes eachof the following statements.1.T he two main islands of the British Islesare .A. Great Britain and IrelandB.Great Britain and ScotlandC. Great Britain and WalesD.Great Britain and England2. is the capital city of Scotland.A. BelfastB. EdinburghC.Aberdeen D. Cardiff3.A ccording to a 2005 estimate, Britain nowhas a population of over million.A. 160B. 600C. 60D.164.A mong the four parts of the United Kingdom,is the smallest.A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northern Ireland5.A lmost a quarter of the British populationlives in England.A. northeasternB. southeasternC. northwesternD. southwestern6.E nglish belongs to the group ofIndo-European family of languages.A. CelticB. Indo-IranianC.Germanic D. Roman7.T he introduction of Christianity toBritain added the first element of words to English.A. Danish and FinnishB. Dutchand GermanC. French and ItalianD. Latinand Greek8.T he evolution of Middle English wasreinforced by the influence.A. NormanB. DutchC. GermanD. Danish9.S amuel Johnson’s dictionary wasinfluential in establishing a standardform of .A. grammarB. handwritingC.spelling D. pronunciation10.At present, nearly of theworld’s population communicate in English.A. halfB. a quarterC. one thirdD. one fifth11.The attack on Rome ended theRoman occupation in Britain in 410.A. NormanB. DanishC. CelticD. Germanic12.By the late 7th century, becamethe dominant religion in England.A. Celtic ChristianityB.Anglo-Saxon ChristianityC. Germanic ChristianityD. Roman Christianity13.Westminster Abbey was built at the timeof .A. St. AugustineB. Edward the ConfessorC. William the ConquerorD. Alfred the Great14.The marked the establishmentof feudalism in England.A. Viking invasionB. signing of the Magna CartaC. Norman ConquestD. Adoption of common law15.The end of the Wars of the Roses led tothe rule of .A. the House of ValoisB. the House of YorkC. the House of TudorD. the House of Lancaster16.The direct cause for the ReligiousReformation was King Henry VIII’s effort to .A. divorce his wifeB. break with RomeC. support the ProtestantsD. declare his supreme power over the church 17.The English Civil War broke out in 1642between .A. Protestants and PuritansB. Royalists and ParliamentariansC. nobles and peasantsD. aristocrats and Christians18. was passed after the GloriousRevolution.A. Bill of RightsB. Act of SupremacyC. Provisions of OxfordD. Magna Carta19.The Industrial Revolution wasaccomplished in Britain by the middle of the century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th20.Britain faced strong challenges in itsglobal imperial dominance by the beginning of the century.A. 17thB. 18thC. 19thD. 20th21.The British government is characterizedby a division of powers between three of the following branches with the exception of the .A. judiciaryB. legislatureC. monarchyD. executive22.The importance of the British monarchycan be seen in its effect on . A. passing the bills B. advising the governmentC. political partiesD. public attitude23.As a revising chamber, the House ofLords is expected to the House of Commons.A. rivalB. complementC.criticize D. inspect24.British Cabinet works on the principleof .A. collective responsibilityB. individual responsibilityC. defending the collectivismD. defending the individuals25.The main duty of the British PrivyCouncil is to .A. make decisionsB. give adviceC.pass bills D. supervise the Cabinet26.In Britain, the parliamentary generalelection is held every years. A. three B. four C. fiveD. six27. has a distinct legal systembased on Roman law.A. WalesB. EnglandC. ScotlandD. Northern Ireland28.Generally speaking, the BritishParliament operates on a system.A. single-partyB. two-partyC. three-partyD. multi-party29.The policies of the Conservative Partyare characterized by pragmatism and .A. government interventionB. nationalization of enterprisesC. social reformD. a belief in individualism30.The Labor Party affected the Britishsociety greatly in that it .A. set up the National Health ServiceB. improved public transportationC. abolished the old tax systemD. enhanced the economic development31.The British economy achieved globaldominance by the .A. 1860sB. 1870sC. 1880sD.1890s32.In , the British Parliamentpassed two important acts to establish awelfare state.A. 1945B. 1946C. 1947D. 194833.The in the early 1970s worsenedan already stagnant economy in Britain.A. oil crisisB. highinflation ratesC. large importsD.unemployment problem34.Of the following practices,does not belong to Thatcher’s socialwelfare reform.A. reducing child benefitsB. shortening the unemployment benefits periodC. reducing the unemploymentD. lowering old age pensions35.The Blair government has beensuccessful in all the following aspects except .A. limiting government spendingB. keeping inflation under controlC. reducing unemploymentD. reducing inequality36.Britain has devoted of its landarea to agriculture.A. 54%B. 64%C. 74%D.84%37.Britain’s important fishing areasinclude all the following except .A. the North SeaB. the English ChannelC. The sea area around IrelandD. The sea area between Britain and Ireland 38.Coal mining industry in Britainprovides of the energy consumedin the country.A. 1/3B. 1/4C. 1/5D.2/339.The car industry in Britain inmostly .A. foreign-ownedB. state-ownedC.joint-venture D. privately-owned40.Of the following sectors in Britain,has experienced spectacular growth sincethe end of Word War II.A. agricultureB. energy industryC.service industry D. manufacturingindustry41.In Britain, the division betweengrammar schools and vocational schoolswere ended by the introduction ofcomprehensive schools in the .A. 1930sB. 1940sC. 1950sD. 1960s42.About of British childrenreceive primary and secondary educationthrough the independent system.A. 5%B. 6%C. 7%D. 8%43.Partially funded by central governmentgrants, the British universities receive their remaining funds from all the following sources except .A. tuition feesB. loansC. donationsD. corporate contributions 44.Of the following, is NOT abasis of admission to Britain’s universities.A. result in national entrance testB. A-level resultC. an interviewD. school references45.To be admitted to the Open University,one need .A. some educational qualificationsB. no educational qualificationsC. General Certificate of Education-AdvancedD. General NationalVocational Qualifications46.Among Britain’s quality press, thefollowing newspapers are regarded as the“Big Three”with the exceptionof .A. The TimesB. The GuardianC. The ObserverD. The Daily Telegraph47.Life on Earth is a kind ofprogram produced by the BBC and is popularamong 500 million viewers worldwide.A. featureB. dramaC.documentary D. soap opera48. is Britain’s top paytelevision provider.A. BSBB. SkyTVC. BBCD.BSkyB49.Of the following, is NOT acommon feature of all the Britishholidays.A. families getting togetherB.friends exchanging good wishesC. friends enjoying each other’s companyD. families traveling overseas50.The following Christmas traditions areparticularly British except . A. Trooping the Color B. Queen’s Christmas messageC. Boxing DayD. Christmas pantomime51.The most significant achievement of theEnglish Renaissance is .A. poetryB. dramaC. novelD. pamphlet52. is viewed as Romantic poetry’s“Declaration of Independence.”A. “I Wondered Lonely as a Cloud”B. Don JuanC.“Preface to Lyrical Ballads”D. Prometheus Unbound53.Of Dickens’novels, isconsidered autobiographical.A. A Tale of Two CitiesB. David CopperfieldC. Oliver TwistD. GreatExpectations54. is a representative of EnglishCritical Realism at the turn of the 19thcentury.A. Robert Louis StevensonB. JohnMiltonC. Joseph ConradD. ThomasHardy55.Of the following statements,is NOT correct in terms ofNeo-Romanticism.A. It prevailed at the end of the 19th century.B. The writers were dissatisfied with thesocial reality.C. The writers believed in “Art for Art’s Sake”.D. Treasure Island was a representativework.56. is NOT included in themodernist group.A. Oscar WildB. VirginiaWoolfC. William Butler YeatsD. T.S. Eliot57.Of the following books, was NOTwritten by Thomas Hardy.A. Jude the ObscureB. Tessof the D’UrbervillesC. Adam BedeD. The Returnof the Native58.Of the following statements,is NOT correct about Virginia Woolf.A. She was a central figure of the “Bloomsbury Group”.B. She experimented with stream of consciousness.C. She was an influential feminist.D. Her masterpiece was The Rainbow.59.Of the following writers, isNOT a Nobel Prize winner.A. Samuel BeckettB. James JoyceC.William Golding D. V. S. Naipaul60.Waiting for Godot is writtenby .A. Samuel BeckettB. George OrwellC. William GoldingD. D. H. Lawrence61.The United States has states onthe continent.A. 50B. 49C. 48D.3562.The state of is the largest inarea of all the states.A. AlaskaB. HawaiiC. TexasD. Florida63.The U. S. lies in North America,with Canada to the north, Mexico to the south, the Atlantic to its and the Pacific to its .A. northern, east, westB. central, east, westC. southern, west, eastD. western, east, west64.The largest river in the U. S.is .A. the Missouri RiverB. theMississippi RiverC. the Ohio RiverD. the Colorado River65.Some of the world famous universitieslike Harvard, Yale and MIT are located .A. in the SouthB. along the Pacific CoastC. in New EnglandD. in the Midwest66. is located on the U. S.–Canadian border between Lake Erie and Lake Ontario.A. Yellowstone National ParkB. The Grand CanyonC. Niagara FallsD. The Great Salt Lake67.The native Alaskan population includesthe following except the .A. IndiansB. EskimosC. AleutsD. Blacks68.The largest minority in the UnitedStates is the .A. Pacific IslandersB. BlacksC.Native Americans D. Asians69.The Immigrants Act of 1924 restrictedthe further immigration into the UnitedStates, particularly from .A. EuropeB. AsiaC. AfricaD. South America70.The characteristic of dominant Americanculture is .A. English-speaking, northern European,Roman Catholic and middle-classB. English-speaking, western European,Roman Catholic and upper-classC. English-speaking, northern European, Protestant and upper-classD. English-speaking, western European, Protestant and middle-class71.The first successful English colony inNorth America was founded at in .A. Jamestown, LouisianaB.Boston, MassachusettsC. Jamestown, VirginiaD.Plymouth, Georgia72.Pilgrim Fathers are a group ofwho came to America to avoid persecutionin England.A. ProtestantsB. PuritansC.Catholics D. Christians73.The Seven Years’ War occurred betweenthe .A. French and American IndiansB.French and SpaniardsC. French and BritishD.British and American Indians74.“No taxation without representation”was the rallying slogan of .A. the settlers of VirginiaB.the people of PennsylvaniaC. the colonists in New EnglandD.the people of the 13 colonies75.The first shots of the American War ofIndependence were fired in .A. ConcordB. LexingtonC.Philadelphia D. Boston76.In May 1775, was held inPhiladelphia and began to assume thefunctions of a national government.A. the First Continental CongressB.the Second Continental CongressC. the Boston Tea PartyD. the Congress of Confederation77.Abraham Lincoln issued togrant freedom to all slaves.A. Declaration of IndependenceB. ConstitutionC. Emancipation ProclamationD.Bill of Rights78.The policy of the United States wasat the beginning of the two world wars.A. neutralityB. full involvementC. partial involvementD. appeasement79.President applied New Deal todeal with the problems of the GreatDepression.A. WilsonB. TrumanC.Roosevelt D. Kennedy80.The Vietnam War was a long-timesuffering for Americans, and it continuedthroughout the terms ofPresidents .A. Johnson, Nixon and FordB. Truman, Eisenhower and KennedyC. Kennedy, Johnson and NixonD. Eisenhower, Kennedy and Johnson81.The U. S. Constitution came into effectin .A. 1787B. 1789C. 1791D. 179382.The Constitution of the UnitedStates .A. gives the most power to CongressB. gives the most power to the PresidentC. tries to give each branch enough power tobalance the othersD. gives the most power to the Supreme Court83.The Bill of Rights .A. defines the rights of Congress and therights of the PresidentB. guarantees citizens of the United Statesspecific individual rights and freedomsC. is part of the Declaration of IndependenceD. has no relationship with the Constitution84.The following except areguaranteed in the Bill of Rights.A. freedom of religionB. the right to get into people’s house bypoliceC. freedom of speech and of pressD. the right to own one’s weapon if onewishes85.All the following exceptcannot make legislative proposal.A. the SenatorB. the RepresentativeC. the Secretary of StateD. the President86.The following except are allpowers of the President.A. vetoing any bills passed by CongressB. appointing federal judges when vacanciesoccurC. making lawsD. issuing executive orders87.According to the Constitution, acandidate for President must be .A. at least 35 years oldB. at least a 14 years’ resident of theUnited StatesC. born in AmericaD. all of the above88.The terms for a Senator andRepresentative are and years respectively.A. two, fourB. two, threeC.two, six D. six, two89.The Supreme Court is composed ofjustices.A. sixB. sevenC. eightD. nine90.The President is directly voted intooffice by .A. all citizens of AmericaB. the citizens over 18 years oldC. electors elected by the votersD. the senators and representatives91.America produces a major portion of theworld’s products in the following fields except .A. machineryB. automobilesC. oreD. chemicals92.The modern American economy progressedfrom to , and eventually, to .A. colonial economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyB. farming economy, handcraft economy, industrial economyC. colonial economy, farming economy, industrial economyD. handcraft economy, farming economy, industrial economy93.Chartered companies were NOT grantedthe by the British King or Queen.A. political authorityB. economic rightsC. judicial authorityD. diplomatic authority94.The first National Bank of the UnitedStates was established with the urge of .A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. Andrew JacksonD. Alexander Hamilton95.The following inventions took placeduring the “second industrial revolution” except .A. typewriterB. telephoneC. electric lightD. refrigerator96.President Johnson tried to build a“Great Society” by introducing various programs like the following except .A. MedicareB. Food StampsC. Education InitiativesD. Unemployment Pension97.About of American crops are forexport.A. halfB. one thirdC. one fourthD. one fifth98.The following statements are all trueexcept .A. Agribusinesses reflect the big, corporate nature of many farm enterprises.B. Agribusinesses maintain a balanced trade pattern between agricultural imports and exports.C. Agribusinesses range from one-family corporations to multinational firms.D. Agribusinesses include a variety of farm businesses and structures.99. is not one of the three giantsin American automobile industry.A. FordB. General MotorsC. ChryslerD. American Motors100.A t present, U. S. exports account for of the world’s total.A. 10%B. 15%C. 20%D.25%101.F ormal education in the United States consists of , secondary and highereducation.A. kindergartenB. publicC. elementaryD. private102.O f the following subjects, are NOT offered to elementary schoolstudents.A. mathematics and languagesB.politics and business educationC. science and social studiesD.music and physical education103.H igher education in the United States began with the founding of .A. Yale UniversityB.Harvard UniversityC. Princeton UniversityD. NewYork University104.O f the following, are NOT among the categories of American higher education.A. universities and collegesB. research institutionsC. technical institutionsD. community colleges105.O f the following, is NOT the responsibility of the board of trustees in U. S. institutions.A. choosing the presidentB. establishing policies for administrators and facultyC. approving budget and other financial projectD. decide which student to enroll106.T o get a bachelor’s degree, all undergraduate students are required to do the following except .A. attending lectures and completing assignmentsB. passing examinationsC. working for communitiesD. earning a certain number of credits107.O f the following universities, has NOT cultivated any American Presidentyet.A. Harvard UniversityB. Massachusetts Institute of TechnologyC. Princeton UniversityD.Yale University108. is sold especially to the upper or upper-middle class and it has areputation for its serious attitude andgreat bulk.A. The Washington PostB. TheNew York TimesC. Los Angeles TimesD. NewYork Daily News109.O f the following, is NOT among the three major radio and TV networks inAmerica.A. the National Broadcasting System (NBS)B. the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS)C. the Columbia Broadcasting System (CBS)D. the American Broadcasting System (ABS) 110.T he National Day of the United States falls on .A. June 4thB. July 4thC. June 14thD. July 14th111.O f the following writers, are from the Colonial and Revolutionary Periods.A. Benjamin Franklin & Edgar Ellen PoeB. Edgar Ellen Poe & Jonathan EdwardsC. Benjamin Franklin & Jonathan EdwardsD. Edgar Ellen Poe & Washington Irving 112. is regarded as “the father of American literature”.A. James Fennimore CooperB. Ralph Waldo EmersonC. Thomas JeffersonD. Washington Irving113.O f the following, is NOT Nathaniel Hawthorne’s work.A. The Scarlet LetterB. TheHouse of the Seven GablesC. The Marble FaunD. Nature 114.O f the following, is considered Herman Melville’s masterpiece.A. The Last of the MohicansB. The Legend of Sleepy HollowC. Moby DickD. Daisy Miller 115.O f the following, is NOT characteristic of Mark Twain’s works.A. colloquial speechB. a sense of humorC. a realistic viewD. an idealistic view116.O f the following writers, is NOT included in the group of naturalists.A. Stephen CraneB. Frank NorrisC. Theodore DreiserD. Herman Melville117.F. Scott Fitzgerald’s finest novel is , and its theme is about .A. The Great Gatsby, the American DreamB. Tender is the Night, loveC. Tales of the Jazz Age, the loss of oneselfD. The Beautiful and the Damned,the evil of human nature118.O f the following books, is NOT written by Ernest Hemingway.A. The Sun Also RisesB. The Sound and the FuryC. A Farewell to ArmsD. For Whom the Bell Tolls119.O f the following writers, is Not a Nobel Prize winner.A. Alice WalkerB. Ernest HemingwayC. William FaulknerD. Eugene O’Neil120. is the first African-American winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature.A.Ralph EllisonB. Tony MorrisonC. Richard WrightD. James Baldwin选择题参考答案：第一章 A B C D B C D A C B第二章 D D B C C A B A C D三 C D B A B C C B D A四 C B A C D C D B A C五 D B B A B C C D D A六 B C B D C A C D B A八 C A B B C C D B A D九 C B C D B B C A C D十 B C B B C C D D D C十一 C C D D D D B B D A十二 C B B B D C B B B B十三 C D D C D D A B A B二、判断题及答案Chapter 11.The island of Great Britain is geographically divided into three parts: England, Scotland and Wales. (T)2.People in different parts of Britain like to use the name England to refer to their country.(F)3.Today more than half of the people in Walesstill speak the ancient Welsh language.(F) 4.In terms of population and area,Northern Ireland is the second largest part of the United Kingdom.(F)5.The longest river of Britain originates in Wales.(T)6.Because of political troubles,Northern Ireland has been quite significant among the four constituent parts of the United Kingdom.(T)7.Though the climate in Britain is generally mild,the temperature in northern Scotland often falls below --10C in January.(F) 8.The majority of the people in Britain are descendants of the Anglo--Saxons.(T)9.The Celtic people are the earliest known inhabitants of Britain.(T)10.English changed into what is described as Modern English from the late 16th century.(F)Chapter 21.The British history before 55BC is basically undocumented.(T)2.The Celts became the dominant group in Britain between the 8th and 5th centuries BC.(T)3.The name of Britain came from a Celtic tribe--- the Britons.(T)4.The Anglo--Saxons came to Britain in the mid--5th century.(T)5.The chief or king of the Anglo--Saxon tribes exercised power at their own will.(F)6.The Vikings began to attack the English coast in the 8th century.(T)7.Henry II built up a large empire which included England and most of France.(T) 8.The Magna Carta was designed to protect the rights of both the privileged class and the townspeople.(F)9.The Hundred Years' War was a series of wars fought between England and Normans foe trade and territory.(F)10.In an effort to make a compromise between different religious factions,Queen Elizabeth I actually defended the fruit of the Religious Reformation.(T)Chapter 31.Conventions are regarded less important than common law in the working of the British government.(F)2.The British monarchy has never been interrupted throughout the history.(F)3.In reality,the British King or Queen is the source of all government powers.(F)4.British Parliament is the law--making body of the Commonwealth of Nations.(F)5.Lords Spiritual and Lords Temporal are all members in the British Upper House.(T)6.The members in the House of Commons are appointed rather than elected.(F)7.The British Prime Minister is the leader of the majority party in Parliament.(T)8.Cabinet members are chosen by the Prime Minister from various political parties in Parliament.(F)9.British law consists of two parts,the civil law and the criminal law.(T)10.The legal systems in England, Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are much similar in terms of law, organization and practice.(F)Chapter 41.Britain was the first industrialized nation in the world.(T)2.The British economy experienced a relative decline during the postwar period.(T)3.Limited resources and high unemployment rate were persistent problems that prevented rapid economic development in Britain.(F)4.Thatcher's revolution turned out to be a great success in dealing with all theBritish econimic and social problems.(F) 5.The economic approach adopted by Tony Blair is different from that of the Labor party and the Conservative Party.(T)6.Blair made the Bank of England independent in order to separate politics and economic policy.(T)7.Britain is the world's leading exporter of poultry and dairy products.(F)8.The fishing industry provides more than 50%of Britain's demand for fish.(T)9.Britain is an important oil exporter since its oil industry has a long history.(F) 10.Nuclear power is one of the major energy sources in Britain.(T)Chapter 51.The British government has been responsible for education since the early 1800s.(F)cation in Britain is compulsory for allchildren between the ages of 6 and 15.(F) 3.The National Curriculum is compulsory in both the state system and the independent system.(F)4.When children finish their schooling at 16, they are required to take a national GCSE examination.(T)5.Graduates from state schools in Britain have a less favorable chance to enter famous universities than those from independent schools.(T)6.In the 1960s, a large number of new universities were founded in Britain.(T)7.Most British people begin their day with reading the morning newspaper and end it watching television in the evening.(T)8.The Times is the world's oldest national newspaper(F)9.The BBC World Service broadcasts only in English throughout the world.(F)10.Some British holidays are celebrated to mark the important events of the Christiancalendar, and others are related to local customs and traditions.(T)Chapter 61.The Canterbury Tales is a representative work of the Old English Period.(F)2.Renaissance is characterized by admiration of the Greek and Latin classics.(T)3.Hamlet depicts the hero's struggle with two opposing forces: moral integrity and the need to avenge his father's murder.(T)4.Alexander Pope was a great English poet who also translated Homer's Iliad.(T)5.Jonathan Swift is probably the foremost prose satirist in the English language, and Robinson Crusoe is his masterpiece.(F)6.William Wordsworth and Samuel Taylor Coleridge brought the Romantic Movement to its height.(F)7.Lord Byron distinguished himself by themusical quality of his short poems, such as "Ode to the West Wind".(F)8.Jane Austen was a well--known novelist of the stream of consciousness school.(F) 9.Joseph Conrad is classified as a forerunner of Modernism, which prevailed before World War II.(T)10.V.S.Naipaul detailed in his works the dual problems of the Third World: the oppression of colonialism and the chaos of postcolonialism.(T)Chapter 71.The Republic of Ireland occupies the entire area of the island of Ireland.(F)2.The earliest inhabitants in Ireland were Celtic tribes from Europe.(F)3.In the 1800s, Ireland gained in prosperity because it became a part of Britain.(F)4.In the 1930s, Ireland was not indeed a republic,but belonged to the Commonwealth of Nations.(T)。
介绍中国地图英语作文
Mapping the Magnificent China: AnIntroduction to the Chinese GeographyThe Chinese geography, vast and diverse, is a testament to the rich history and culture of this ancient land. Spanning across multiple time zones and climatic zones, China's map is a colorful patchwork of natural landscapes and human settlements. From the snow-capped peaks of the Himalayas in the west to the lush tropical rainforests of Yunnan in the south, the geography of China offers a stunning array of visual and cultural experiences.The northern region of China, often referred to as the "heartland," is home to the country's major cities and industrial hubs. Beijing, the capital, sits at the geographic center of this region, surrounded by provinces like Hebei, Tianjin, and Liaoning. This area is also known for its extensive plains and fertile farmland, which supports a significant portion of China's agricultural output.To the east of the northern heartland lies the East China Sea, a vast expanse of blue that borders China's eastern coastline. This region is characterized by itsdense urban populations and high-paced urban life. Shanghai, one of the world's largest cities, is a prime example ofthe region's urbanization and economic prosperity.The south of China, in contrast, is a verdant paradiseof rice paddies, mountains, and rivers. The Yangtze River, the longest river in Asia, flows through this region, nourishing the fertile soil and supporting a richagricultural economy. Guangdong, a province in the southern tip, is famous for its bustling cities and deep-sea ports, which have played a crucial role in China's globalization and economic growth.The western region of China, often described as the "roof of the world," is a land of extremes. Here, the Himalayas and the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau rise to towering heights, covered in snow and glaciers. This region is also rich in natural resources like oil, gas, and minerals, andis home to ethnic minorities who have maintained their unique cultures and traditions.The geography of China is not just a physical landscape; it's a cultural and historical narrative. Each region, with its unique landscape and settlement pattern, hascontributed to the diverse and vibrant culture of China. From the bustling cities of the east to the serene temples of the west, the Chinese geography is a storybook of natural beauty and human endeavor.**描绘壮丽中国：中国地理介绍**中国的地理版图辽阔且多样，充分展示了这片古老土地丰富的历史和文化。
南非国家概况
南非国旗——
• 国徽
• 太阳象征光明的前程；展翅的鹭鹰是上帝的代表，象 征防卫的力量；万花筒般的图案象征美丽的国土、非洲的 复兴以及力量的集合；取代鹭鹰双脚平放的长矛与圆头棒 象征和平以及国防和主权；鼓状的盾徽象征富足和防卫精 神；盾上取自闻名的石刻艺术的人物图案象征团结；麦穗 象征富饶、成长、发展的潜力、人民的温饱以及农业特征； 象牙象征智慧、力量、温和与永恒；两侧象牙之间的文字 是“多元民族团结”。
南非 ——非洲大陆最南端的黄金钻石生产国
国家地图——
南非简介
• 国名：南非共和国
• 面积：122.1万平方千米 • 人口：4545万 • 首都：比勒陀利亚
• 南非位于非洲最南端，三面为大洋所环绕。
•
• 国名 • 南非共和国（Republic of South Africa），南非因地处 非洲南部而得名，素有“彩虹之国”和“黄金宝石之国” 之rg）。南非最大城市，人口
388.81万人，位于东北部瓦尔河上游高地上，海拔1,754米， 1886年建立。
节日
• • 新年 人权日 受难日 复活节 家庭日 自由日 1月1日 3月21日 复活节前的星期五 每年过春分月圆后第一个星期五至下星期一 复活节后的星期一 4月27日（1994年） 南非和解日
国徽——
•
•
国歌
《上帝保佑非洲》（Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrica）和《南非的 呐喊》（Die Stem van Suid Afrika）合编曲。1995年5月， 南非正式通过新的国歌，新国歌的歌词用祖鲁、哲豪萨、 苏托、英语和南非语５种语言写成，包括原国歌《上帝保 佑非洲》的祈祷词，全歌长1分35秒，并以原国歌《南非 之声》雄壮的高音曲调作结尾。原国歌名为《上帝保佑非 洲》，1994年3月15日批准。歌曲由黑人牧师诺克· 桑汤加 在1897年谱写，1912年首次在南非土著人国民大会上作为 黑人民族主义赞歌唱出来，在非洲深受广大黑人欢迎。 歌词大意：上帝保佑阿非利加洲，高耸起它的长角， 倾听我们子民的祷告。上帝挽救我们的国号，再者南部的 非洲，结束战乱和争吵。呼唤来自蔚蓝的九霄，来自深海 的波涛，越过永恒的山坳，回音在岩石间萦绕。 南非国歌 - 视频 - 优酷视频 - 在线观看 - 国歌
你了解英语吗？——25张图溯源英语
你了解英语吗？——25张图溯源英语2015-10-29中小学英语同步听写一群资深培训教师，笃信理念与方法融合，英语教学的实战派，用事实说话。
英语是莎士比亚和乔叟的语言，世界上许多国家，大到美国到小到名为特里斯坦-达库尼亚的小群岛，都通用英语。
它反映了从维京时代至今几个世纪以来国际间交流的影响，这种影响包括征服和殖民。
这里的25张图展示了英语的起源与演化，以及如今各地英语口音的形成过程。
英语的起源1英语来自哪里英语，就像其他的四百多种语言一样，是印欧语系的一部分，不仅和德语、法语而且和俄语、北印度语、旁遮普语、波斯语同根同源。
这幅出自一位芬兰裔的瑞典漫画家明娜·桑德伯格的漂亮的图表展示了英语的几个近亲，比如德语和法语。
以及一些关系相对遥远，起源地远离英伦三岛的语言，例如波斯语和希腊语。
2印欧语系今日版图然而，把英语说做是印欧语系并不能真正地把它精确定义。
这张地图展示了今天印欧语系在欧洲、中东和南亚的使用地区，并且让我们可以更方便地看出哪些语言并不是和英语同根同源的，其中包括芬兰语和匈牙利语。
3盎格鲁-撒克逊语的迁移这张图展示了英语的发源过程：五世纪早期，在罗马军队从不列颠撤退后，三个日耳曼民族——盎格鲁人，撒克逊人，和朱特人迁徙至此并建立了王国。
它们带去了他们的盎格鲁-撒克逊语言，融入了一些凯尔特语以及拉丁语词汇，从而形成了古英语。
古英语在五世纪被首次使用，它对于现在的英语使用者来言是很费解的。
举例而言，盎格鲁人引入他们语言时就有三种性——阳性词，阴性词和中性词。
尽管如此，即使名词的词性早已在英语中减少了，4500个盎格鲁-撒克逊词还是留存至今。
他们仅仅构成了浩瀚的牛津英语大词典的百分之一，却几乎撑起了所有的常用词汇。
它们包括像是“年”和“天”的名词，像是“胸部”、“胳膊”、“心”之类的身体部位，以及一些最基础的动词：“吃”、“亲吻”、“爱”、“想”、“变成”。
富兰克林·罗斯福所说的“我们唯一应该恐惧的是恐惧本身”这句话中，所有单词都源自盎格鲁撒克逊语。