中考英语阅读理解命题的感悟与思考

中考英语阅读理解命题的感悟与思考

一、背景

1、平时教学现状交流：

■我们学生由于基础知识薄弱，语言运用能力不强，分析解决问题的能力缺失以及对阅读理解题重视不够等原因，平时只做语法和词汇练习，热衷于做单项选择，不喜欢做阅读理解题，把语篇理解撇在一边，同时教师解析过程中只顾详细讲解语法和词汇，忽略语篇理解部分，仅限于对答案。久而久之，学生觉得阅读理解题难，产生恐惧和厌烦心理。

■学生阅读习惯差，阅读方法不正确，从不主动地去读补充读物。（《听力与阅读材料》、《补充习题》、《初中英语读本》）

■学生之间缺乏交流，教师对学生的阅读技巧也缺乏必要的指导。

2、实际教学效果：我们的练习以语法和词汇为主打，而阅读理解是中考英语卷面分值最高、且比较容易丢分的题型。这种直击语言点的实战训练，忽视语言规律的体能训练，导致低效高耗，出现瓶颈效应。学生的英语成绩总在90分左右徘徊，有的甚至更差。（总分：120）

二、中考英语阅读理解题试题简析

2011年江苏各地中考英语阅读理解试题较之于去年在命题的水准上又有了程度不同的提高，具体表现在以下几个方面：

1.命题要求更加符合《英语课程标准（实验稿）》所提出的“培养学生综合运用语言的能力”这一要求，主要考查学生对书面语言的理解能力，特别是获取信息的能力（包括图文转换等信息的获取和处理能力）。所选材料真实，内容贴近现实生活。考查内容包括几个重要的阅读技能：领悟文章的主旨；理解文章的具体细节；根据上下文推测生词词义；简单的判断和推理；揣测作者的意图和态度等。例如（11年盐城市中考题）It's a goal for millions and millions of families every year to keep the Christmas spending within a certain amount of money, but you can still afford the gifts because your loved ones will enjoy them. This concern (忧虑) is becoming greater and greater theses days. Even so, there are several things that you can do to help,

Hit the sales. No one wants to get up at four o'clock in the morning and fight to get a good deal （交易）on Black Friday ( the first Friday at Christmas time).

It's surely very difficult to pick up the courage and get out there in the cold for a good deal,, But sometimes it can be well worth.

Many retailer(零售商）offer specials all through the day. Some even offer online Black Friday specials, so we may still be able to get a great deal on Black Friday.

Read advertisements regularly. Once the Christmas shopping season is coming, retailers will be hungry for business. They will try their best to get us into the store. Please read the weekly advertisements of sales among the major retailers from time to time. We may be lucky enough to find different prices for the same thing in different shops.

Shop online. Some of us don't like running from store to store to get the best price on the perfect gift.. Some of us don't like to go out in the cold at all, and then, we can do online shopping. The world of online shopping makes it possible for us to visit all the major retailers and some specialty stores on the Internet. We can find exactly what we are looking for at the best possible price without even having to leave the house, With traditional Christmas shopping, it will always take us a long time to wait if we want to get the perfect gift.

42. The underlined word "specials" in Paragraph 2 means_ _ .

A．赠品B．奢侈品C．特价商品D．圣诞礼品

43. We can have more choices to get a good deal_ _．

A. on the Internet

B. in specialty stores

C. from salesmen

D. from retailers

44. In this passage the writer wants to_ _．

A. tell us to shop online

B. tell us the best way to do shopping

C. show us how hard it is to do Christmas shopping

D. give us advice on how to get a good deal at Christmas time

45. From the passage we can infer(推断）that_ _．

A. people are surely able to get a good deal on Friday

B. it is possible for people to buy the perfect Christmas gifts with

less money

C. retailers will be hungry because they are busy selling Christmas gifts

D. with traditional Christmas shopping, people can't buy the perfect gifts

参考答案与难题解析

这是11年盐城市中考题，阅读理解D部分的试题。答案：42-45CADB 第42题是考查学生根据上下文推测生词词义的能力。词义推测的关键有两个，