2017-2018学年高中英语 单元质量评估(四)新人教版必修4

单元质量评估(四)

时间：100分钟分数：120分

第一部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中，选出最佳选项。

A

We have all heard these words：“just put on a happy face”or“turn that frown upside down”．Can the simple act of smiling actually make us feel better?

Our face is formed by a variety of rather thin bones.The muscles that attach to these bones become smaller when we are happy or when we want to laugh.The resulting facial expression is universally recognized as a smile and indicates our positive emotional status.Sometimes，people present fake (假的) smiles.

But how does the brain achieve both types of smiles using the same facial muscles? It all depends upon which part of the brain starts the smile.If the brain's dopamine neurons(多巴胺能神经元) start the smile，then the smile looks sincere.If the brain's motor cortex starts the smile，in other words，if we are consciously willing ourselves to smile，then a slightly different set of facial muscles are activated.It can be difficult to describe precisely how real and fake smiles differ，but we are all very capable at knowing the difference.But can forcing yourself to smile produce the same kinds of good feelings as a real smile does?

Anything that prompts the release of dopamine in the brain brings pleasure.For example，cocaine and coffee both release dopamine in the brain.The release of dopamine in the front half of our brain is accompanied by a real smile.But can this process be reversed? What about putting on that happy face? Can the simple act of smiling bring pleasure? Yes.

When we smile，fake or real，the contraction of the facial muscles slightly distorts (扭曲) the shape of the thin facial bones.This slight distortion in their shape leads to an increase in blood flow into the brain and then increases the release

of dopamine.As a result，walking around all day with a smile on your face will make your mood happier.Not only will you be happier but your smile might lead to the release of dopamine in someone else's brain—now that truly shows the power of a smile.

【语篇解读】我们经常说，面带微笑不仅可以让自己快乐，也会让别人感受到快乐。本文就围绕微笑是如何使人快乐的进行了论述。

1．When we smile sincerely，________．

A．bones in our face become thin

B．muscles in the face become smaller

C．the brain's dopamine neurons stop working

D．the brain's motor cortex starts to work

解析：细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“T he muscles that attach to these bones become smaller when we are happy or when we want to laugh.”可知，答案为B项。

答案：B

2．What is the RIGHT order of the following actions?

①more blood flows into the brain

②smile

③shape of the thin facial bones is distorted

④release of dopamine

A．②③①④B．②①③④

C．②①④③D．②④③①

解析：细节理解题。根据最后一段“When we smile...slightly distorts(扭曲)the shape of the thin facial bones.”和“...leads to an increase in blood flow into the brain and then increases the release of dopamine.”可知，答案为A项。

答案：A

3．What can we conclude from the passage?

A．Real and fake smiles are started by the same part of the brain.

B．It's hard to know the difference between real and fake smiles.

C．We can't affect the release of dopamine in others' brain.

D．We should try to smile even though we are not very happy.

解析：推理判断题。根据第四段“What about putting on that happy face？Can the simple act of smiling bring pleasure？Yes.”和最后一段内容可推断，答案为D项。微笑能给我们带来快乐，所以不管高兴与否，都要面带微笑。

答案：D