新世纪英语高二(上)Unit1-8 课内词组整理

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上海新世纪英语高二全部课文及重点词组

上海新世纪英语高二全部课文及重点词组上海新世纪英语高二全部课文（包括additional reading）及重点词组高二第二学期17. words and their stories18. english proverbs19. tips on making a public speech20. keep it short for the audience’s sake21. making friends22. what does friendship mean to westerners?23. adjo24. ryan, his friends, and his incredible torch run25. the father of modern physics26. the survival of the fittest27. miracle in the rice field28. newton’s three important laws29. oliver wants more (adapted from oliver twist charles dickens)30. enjoy the classics31. is she guilty? (adapted from the prince and the pauper mark twain)32. mark twain高二第二学期17. words and their storieseager beaver an eager beaver is a person who is always willing to do and is excited about doing what is expected of him.suppose, for example, that a teacher tells his students they each must solve one hundred math problems before coming to school the next day. the children complain about so much homework. but one student does not protest at all. that student is an eager beaver. he loves to do math problems, and does not mind all the homework.the expression is said to have come from the name of a hard-working animal---the beaver.beavers are strange-looking creatures. they spend a lot of time in the water, building dams to create little lakes or ponds. they use their huge teeth and work hard to cut down trees, remove branches and put them across streams. they use their tails to pack mud on the branches to makethe dams solid. few other animals work so hard.historians say the beaver had an important part in the settlement of north america.there were hundreds of millions of beavers when european settlers first arrived. the settlers put great value on the fur of beavers. in fact, for two hundred years or more, beavers provided the most valuable fur in north america. beaver skins often used as money.young men looking for adventure headed west across the country to search for beavers. in their search, they explored much of the western territories. the trading posts, where they exchanged beaver skins for the goods they needed, became villages, and later towns and cities.it’s in the bag the bag---one of the simplest and most useful things in every man or woman’s life---has given the world many strange expressions that are not very simple. a number of these expressions are widely used in the united states today. some were imported from england a long time ago.when you are sure of something, you can say, “it’s in the bag.”共17页，当前第1页1234567891011121314151617this phrase seemed to have arrived with the modern paper bag. before, americans used to say, “it’s all wrapped up.”then, things you bought were wrapped in plain brown paper, or sometimes in old newspaper. another widely used expressions is “to let the cat out of the bag”, meaning to reveal a well-kept secret.no one can explain how the cat got into the bag, or why it remained there. but there is an old story about it. long ago tradesman sold things in large cloth bags. once a woman asked for a pig. the tradesman held up his cloth bag. inside there was supposed to be a live pig. the woman asked to see it. when the dishonest tradesman opened the bag, out jumped a squealing cat, not a pig. the tradesman’s secret was out: he was tricky, and now everybody knew it.18. english proverbscharactersteacher of english: ms smith (ms)students: li (li), mao (ma), anne (an), rivera (ri)ms: good morning, everyone. i hope you all know what we are here for. the topic of our discussion this morning is “english proverbs”.li: so, i’m in the right group.ma: me, too.ri: me, too.ms: but i was told we would have four…and yet…an: i’m coming. good morning. am i late?ms: morning. “speak of angels and you hear their songs.”an: is that a proverb referring to my coming?ms: exactly.li: we have a saying in chinese, which i think is very close in meaning…ma: speak of cao cao and he appears.ms: right. well, “first things first”. a proverb is a traditional saying which offers advice or presents a moral in a short and brief manner. a proverb normally is a sentence, into which the writer often works rhyme. for instance, “east or west, home is best.”sometimes it comes out in the form of a phrase.ma: i’ve seen dictionaries of proverbs.ms: well, there are thousands of proverbs. they fall into three main categories. those of the first type take the form of abstract statements.they express general truths. here are two good examples: “one is never too old to learn.”and “a man who neglects his studies in youth will regret it in later years.”ri: i think there is some truth in both proverbs. to encourage a person who has had little education for some reason as a young man, we may use the former. with us, i guess the latter works.ms: so you have to keep this in mind. never use proverbs out of context. “one man’s meat is another man’s poison.”li: i see. then, what is the second type?ms: the second type uses specific observations from everyday experience to make a general point.共17页，当前第2页1234567891011121314151617an: “don’t put all your eggs in one basket.”does it fall into the second category?ms: you’re right, dear. then the third type consists of sayings from particular areas of traditional customs and beliefs. “after dinner, rest a while; after supper, walk a mile.”is an example of this type. such proverbs are often related to agriculture, the seasons, and the weather.li: many people hold the opinion that proverbs are going out of fashion. is that true?ms: the fact is, as some old ones are falling into disuse, new ones are being created. the computer world has recently given us lots of them. an: i’ve got one: “rubbish in, rubbish out.”ma: it also goes “garbage in, garbage out.”ms: i think it is more common to say “garbage in, garbage out.”well, i hope, today “you’ll have something nice out as you have had something nice in.”an: thank you, ms smith. by the way, do we have an assignment as usual? ms: yes. you are to collect some proverbs of the first type, that is, proverbs that express general truths.li: i’d like to collect some on studies.ms: good! i’m so glad to have been with you. (to the four students) “strike while the iron is hot.”see you next week.19. tips on making a public speechit is interesting to note that speeches are always “given”or “delivered”. they are never “said”. when giving a speech, therefore,it is useful to think of yourself as playing a part, i.e. acting. this kind of acting calls for an integration of verbal and nonverbal communication. nonverbal communication chiefly involves the speaker’s stance and gestures, the eye contact between the speaker and the audience, and a good control of the presentation speed of talking/speaking.stance this is important to the delivery of a good speech. stand up straight and keep your head up. dropping your head looks unprofessional and may prevent your audience from hearing you clearly. on the other hand, don’t stand like a guard on duty. you have to be able to move in a natural way in order to add expression to your words. body language “says” a lot. avoid holding your hands tightly together; this will interfere with free and natural movement. don’t play with keys or coins in your pocket; this will distract your audience.gestures gestures and facial expressions are both important aids to the spoken word when you are communicating. a dull, long speech delivered without expression, without gestures or eye contact will not be well received. the skill is in deciding how much gesturing to be employed and in making sure that your gestures are natural.共17页，当前第3页1234567891011121314151617in general, the larger the audience, the more expansive the gestures should be, because they will not be seen so clearly by the audience. in a small group, facial expressions will add a lot to understanding. try telling somebody something funny with a very serious face. they will have difficulty believing what you are really saying is funny.different gestures are supposed to be used in delivering a speech. some people use their hands a lot when speaking. you must make sure that your gestures are not repeated too often, and they should be expressive and meaningful.eye contact to have maximum impact you need to make each member of your audience fell as if you were speaking to them personally. to do this, glance towards all sections of the audience and don’t be afraid to move your head. if you favour one direction, the other side may feel you are ignoring them and therefore lose interest in what you are saying.timing accurate timing is essential. you should ensure that you don’t fall short of or run over the time allowed for your speech. either way, the audience will feel unhappy and lose concentration on your speech. thebest way to overcome this is through preparation. clear thinking about what you want to say and how long your speech will last, before you start to write it, will save a lot of time. when practising, make sure that you speak at the correct speed and do time yourself.20. keep it short for the audience’s sakehow long should i make my speech? how long will my audience concentrate on my speech? hoe slowly should i speak to make myself clearly understood? in trying to answer these questions, we see how important timing is to speech.keep your speech less than 15 minutes lin yutang, the famous writer and translator, once said about the length of a speech, “the shorter, the better.”speaking around the topic should be seriously avoided, not only in speech, but in all conversations in english. being indirect and roundabout in your approach may be thought skillful in chinese. but in english speech? no way. when one is making a speech in english, he should always stick to the point, and use simple, clear, and direct language.according to scientists, audiences can generally only manage toconcentrate for about 13 minutes. so a 10-15-minute speech is about right.the famous gettysburg address, delivered by abraham lincoln on november 19, 1863 has about 200 words, but it still managed to express the idea that all people are born equal.150-160 words per minute speaking speed often depends on the occasion for the speech. the number of people in the audience is also an important factor to be considered.共17页，当前第4页1234567891011121314151617if you are speaking to hundreds or even thousands of people, especially in the open air, you should speak slowly. the idea is to let the audience catch every single word of your speech. for example, when martin luther king spoke, even to a small group, his usual speaking speed was only 110 to 120 words per minute.when you are speaking indoors to a small group, say, 10 or 20 people, you may speed up a bit. speaking at a speed of around 200 words a minute, you can still retain the audience’s attention.so, we can see that the average speed is about 150 to 160 words perminute.whether you are speaking slowly or rapidly, the important point is to pronounce every word clearly. otherwise, no matter how wonderful you think your content is, the audience won’t be able to follow you. use phonetic symbols to mark the places you often mess up, in advance, and practise every day before you get up on stage.pause for dramatic effect if you want a particular sentence or expression to leave a deep impression on your audience, you can pause a while before uttering it. during the pause, the audience will grow curious about why you choose to pause and they will anxiously expect to hear the next sentence, which is exactly what you want to happen.but don’t pause too frequently or too long. eye contact and a smile, with a bit of body language, will also effectively impress your audience. if you simply stop suddenly and remain silent for several seconds before you start again, they’ll probably think, “oh, he (she) has forgotten the words!”21. making friendsjamie was like a magnet---she always had a crowd around her. she wasn’t especially pretty, and she wasn’t particularly good at sports. but she was one of the most popular students at school. everyone loved her! why? what was it about jamie that made everyone notice her? if her looks and her talents weren’t anything to show off, what did she have going for her?here it is---short and simple---jamie had learned the secret of how to make friends and keep them. her secret is: be nice to others! jamie was kind and genuinely cared about others: people responded by wanting to be around her.going along with this big secret of making friends are a few additional suggestions:smiling suggests confidence there is something fascinating about someone who smiles a lot. we are automatically drawn to someone who is happy. wearing a smile usually implies the person behind it is approachable. an approachable person makes others feel at ease and comfortable.共17页，当前第5页1234567891011121314151617 smiles also convey confidence, which is really important when making friends. you don’t have to actually feel confident to smile, but when youdo, people will think you are. furthermore, the more you smile, the more natural your smile will be. you’ll gain confidence from smiling!learn to listen and talk everyone wants to talk. we all have a story to tell. each of us enjoys having someone listen to what we say. it makes us feel important when someone is truly interested in what we’re saying. when other people find out you are willing to listen, they will be talking to you! when someone is talking to you, zero in 100 per cent on that person. don’t pretend to listen but really think about something else. that won’t work in making friends.meanwhile, don’t put the burden of the entire conversation on someone else. you’ve got to do your part, too. it is learning when to talk that is important. try not to talk just to hear yourself talking; no one else can get a word in.everyone should learn to give and take in any relationship. learn to move from being the centre of attention to focusing on the needs of others. modesty is extremely attractive.try to add value to those around you people light up when you recognize something they do well and let them know. it only takes a minute to givesomeone a compliment or to notice what gifts a person has. it automatically adds value to how they see themselves. try to be the kind of person who’s always seeing the positive qualities in others. don’t tear someone down.22. what does friendship mean to westerners?what is meant by the word “friend”? the dictionary defines it as “one attached to another by affection or respect”. americans use the word freely---that is, a friend may or may not be a person to whom one is really attached. friends may have known each other since childhood or they may have recently met. it is difficult to give an exact definition of this word as it is used in the us, because it covers many types of relationships.it is common for americans to have different “circles”. terms such as office mate and tennis partner indicate different types of friends. the office mate is a friend in the office and the tennis partner is a friend on the tennis court. a person may have many good friends and one best friend. “best friends”are usually two people of the same sex who have known each other for a long period of time. people usually have morecasual friends than close or best friends.americans move around quite often and learn to develop friendships easily and quickly. about one out of every five american families moves every year. people move to new places because they begin new jobs, attend distant colleges, get married, have children or simply want a change in their lives. perhaps as a result of this, people form and end friendships quickly.共17页，当前第6页1234567891011121314151617 relationships based on a common activity may stop or end when the activity ends. students might meet in classes and remain friends for the duration of the course and then stop seeing each other after the final examination. the same holds true for neighbours who are the closest of friends until one moves away. in these friendships, shared daily experiences form the foundation for the relationship. long-lasting friendships develop when individuals have similar interests and a common outlook on life. the high rate of mobility in the us can explain a great deal about short-term friendships.friendship and friendliness do not mean the same thing. friendliness characterizes much of american daily interaction but is not always anindication of friendship. strangers may share life histories without any wish to set up a relationship. instant friendships are characterized by the appearance of two people becoming close but, in reality, there is no string connection between them. two people saying hello to each other after being introduced for the first time do not always mean that they have a strong wish to develop a friendship. many people frequently smile or say “have a nice day”or “see you later”, or even give an invitation as part of a cultural pattern of politeness. such expressions do not always suggest an offer of continued friendship.23. adjohow the years have rushed by! it has been a long time since i knew marget swenson. i was a child when i knew her, and now i myself have children. the mind loses many things as it matures, but i never lost marget---my first love and first hurt.i met marget swenson when she joined our sixth-grade class.marget, just fresh from sweden, and i, a sixth generation american. she spoke very little english, but somehow we did manage to understand each other. we took to each other instantly.marget lived up on the hill. that was the place where there were many large and pretty houses. i suppose it was only in passing that i knew only white people lived there.we had so much fun together. we sat for hours in my garden or hers, surrounded by grass. her words were swedish; mine, english. we laughed at the way each of us slid our tongues over the unfamiliar words. i learned the swedish equivalents of hello, friend, and goodbye. however, such fun did not last long, and the disaster began at marget’s birthday party.it was a wednesday. i arrived at the party early. marget and i ran around quickly, putting the finishing touches on the decorations.共17页，当前第7页1234567891011121314151617some fifteen minutes later, the doorbell rang, and in came mary, another girl in our class.but after that nobody came. no one.when it got to be after five, mrs swenson called marget inside. she was there for a long time, and when she came out, she looked very, very sad. “my mother does not think they are coming,”she said.“why not?”mary blurted.marget cast a quick glance at me, but she didn’t say anything.i took marget’s hand. “it’s me, isn’t it?”i said. oh! i remember so painfully today how much i wanted her quick and positive “no!”to my question. but i was only aware of marget trying to slip her hand from mine. i opened my hand and let her go.it was different between us after her birthday. marget stopped coming to my house, and when i asked her when she would, she looked as though she would cry.one day, uninvited, i went to her house, climbed up the hill, and a restless feeling grew within me at every step.marget almost jumped when she opened the door. she stared at me in shock. then, quickly, in a voice i’d never heard before, she said, “my mother says you can’t come to my house any more.”i opened my mouth, and closed it without speaking. the awful thing had come; my suspicion was confirmed; marget was white and i was not. i did know it deep within myself.since that meeting marget and i did not speak to each other at all.on the last day of school, getting up a strange courage, i handed my autograph book to marget. she hesitated, then without looking up, wrote words i don’t remember now; they were quite common words, the kind everyone was writing in everyone else’s book. i waited. slowly, she passed her book to me and in it i wrote with a slow, firm hand some of the words she had taught me. i wrote adjo min van---goodbye, my friend. i released her, let her go, told her not to worry, told her that i no longer needed her. adjo.24. ryan, his friends, and his incredible torch runwe met in a biology class. ryan sat in the front so that his wheelchair wouldn’t get in the way. i, however, believed that he wouldn’t have gotten in the way wherever he sat. i greeted him with a “hello!”and he replied cheerfully. later it proved that this simple “hello!”was all it took for ryan and me to become great friends.ryan suffered from brain damage and had endured many an obstacle. yet, he is able to go on living his life to the fullest. he knows the old saying, “when the going gets tough, the tough get going.”to the deepest and most personal extent.共17页，当前第8页1234567891011121314151617the highlight of our friendship came in our junior year, when ryan asked me to hold the flag that would mark the spot where he would begin his olympic torch run. when he asked me, i didn’t know what to say. “why me?”i asked. he gently responded that he would be honoured if i would accept this position. he said that the olympic committee sent a letter saying that the person that holds the flag must be someone important to him, and i was important to him because i was the only true friend he had ever made that talked to him and not to his wheelchair. how could i refuse such a gracious compliment and request?on june fifth, i took the flag and reached ryan’s starting point early. by then, the streets had begun to fill with students from the surrounding schools and the area residents. everyone was excited. then came the van that carried the torch runners. all of the runners got out except ryan. they lined up outside of the van and began to chant his name. ryan! ryan! then all of the people that lined the streets joined in. ryan! ryan! all i could do was not to cry.the lift then lowered ryan to the ground. there he was, in all his glory.people saw him for ryan and not for his wheelchair. it all became slow motion at the sight of the arriving torch. i gave ryan a hug and then stepped into my spot. the runner lit ryan’s torch and then ryan began his journey. as he took off down the street, the chanting became louder and louder. the excitement filled the air. i could not have been any prouder of ryan! he deserved this moment in time---a historic moment that he was a part of and allowed me to be a part of, too.that moment will last in time forever. it expressed the whole meaning of the flame: love, enthusiasm, and brotherhood. it showed us all that love is really what makes this small world go around.25. the father of modern physicsalbert einstein was born of jewish parents in 1879 in germany. he did badly in most subjects at school, but was fascinated by mathematics, which he did quite well. when he was fifteen, his family moved to italy, and from there he went to switzerland to attend a polytechnic school. after gaining a teaching qualification from the polytechnic, einstein took a post as a junior clerk in an office. einstein was happy to get such an easy job, because it gave him plenty of time to think about physics. itwas the “thought experiments”that he carried out in his head that led to a new understanding of space, time and gravity(引力).in 1905, when he was twenty-six years old, einstein began to publish his thoughts. one of his theories provided an explanation for a puzzling effect, called the photoelectric effect(光电效应), which had been noticed some years earlier. it was in 1921 that he was awarded the nobel prize for physics for his work on the photoelectric effect.共17页，当前第9页1234567891011121314151617in 1914, einstein became a professor of physics at the university of berlin and all went well until hitler came to power in 1933. einstein, who was jewish, spoke out against nazi crimes. as a result, he had to leave germany and spent the rest of his life teaching in the united states at princeton university.in the long course of research, einstein developed his theories of relativity. these theories were so different and new that most scientists could do not believe or understand them, and it took a long time for them to be accepted.einstein’s theories also predicted that solid objects can be changed intopure energy. this did lead to the development of nuclear power(核能) and the atomic bomb(原子弹). however, einstein himself protested against nuclear weapons, and became involved in the peace movement after the first world war.einstein passed away in 1955 at the age of seventy-six. what he left behind is a wealth of ideas that form the foundation of modern physics today.apart from his scientific work, einstein found much pleasure in simple pastimes. among his hobbies were sailing and playing the violin. besides, he loved the company of children.although he was one of the greatest scientists who ever lived, einstein did not take himself seriously. once, when asked to enter a newspaper competition to write an article explaining how light is bent by gravity, he joked that the competition was much too difficult for him to enter.26. the survival of the fittestfor a long time people had wondered how life had developed on earth. the bible(圣经) stated that god had created everything in a week. some people did not believe this. “what about fossils?”they asked. “whathas happened to the strange creatures which existed so many years ago?”they asked.charles darwin(查尔斯•罗伯特•达尔文，英国生物学家，进化论奠基人), a young man just out of university in 1831, was offered a job on a ship on a voyage of discovery around the world. life on board was tough. darwin was terribly seasick and was only happy when he was ashore collecting plant samples and observing animals. it was to be the most important journey in his life. it lasted for five years; he returned in october 1836.darwin studied nature in south america and in a group of small islands in the south pacific. on each island there were birds. they were very similar, but the shape of their beaks, and even their eating habits varied. darwin wondered why they were different. then he realized that, long before, they had been the same. each island had different foods available. only the birds that could eat available food could survive, this might depend on having the right shape of beak. he realized that the same process happened with all living things. over millions of years, all plants and animals have gradually changed into the forms we see today. what wecall “the survival of the fittest”he named “natural selection”. darwin called this slow process of change “evolution”. it explains why many kinds of creature, whose fossil remains, are no longer alive.共17页，当前第10页1234567891011121314151617by 1846, he had published an article describing his voyage. he also began to think seriously about evolution and natural selection, and wrote two essays describing his ideas. he did not publish these essays because he realized his ideas proved the bible’s theory of creation was wrong, and he was worried about the anger and troubles they would cause.darwin spent the following years developing his theories and making them perfect. in 1859 he published them in the origin of species(《物种起源》). it caused a huge row because it seemed to deny what the bible said. his the descent of man(《人类的由来》), 1871, pointed out that mankind had come from the same ancestor. darwin was upset by the opposition. other scientists agreed with his ideas and took up his cause. the church prohibited the teaching of the theory of evolution(进化论) in some countries. however, today most people believe that darwin was right.。

新世纪英语高二上册课文及重点词组

上海新世纪英语高二课文上册上册课文（包括Additional Reading）及重点词组高二第一学期1.Food in the United States2.The world’s best ethnic food3.The global drink4.Coffee5.The Mexican(Adapted from The Mexican Jack London)6.Pele7.The Olympics8.Stars from the south9.Why did I quit hunting?10.Jane Goodall11.Oceans under threat12.What is forestry?13.Shopping in the States14.Henry Adam’s shoes15.What is advertising?16.Three advertisements1.Food in the United StatesMany changes are taking place in food styles in the United States.The United States is traditionally famous for its very solid and unchanging diet,chiefly made up of meat and potatoes.Now people in America have many different choices: ethnic food,health food,and fast food,in addition to the traditional home-cooked meal.Ethnic restaurants and supermarkets are common in the United States.Being a country of immigrants,the United States enjoys a wide variety of ethnic food.Most American cities and towns are filled with restaurants servinginternational cooking.Many even have ethnic sections: Chinatown,Little Italy,or Germantown.Having vast ethnic choices,Americans can enjoy food from all over the world. Besides sections of cities,there are ethnic regions,which are well-known for certain food because of the people who have settled there.For example,in southern California,there are many Mexican restaurants.Health food became popular when people began to think more seriously about their physical well-being.Health food is fresh,natural,and unprocessed food,which does not contain preservatives to make it last longer or chemicals to make it taste or look better.People who are keen on health food are usually vegetarians.They don’t eat meat,but live on beans, cheese,and eggs.Fast food restaurants are now expanding rapidly all over the country.In the United States,speed is a very important concept.People usually have a short lunch break because they just do not want to waste their time eating.Fast food restaurants are places that take care of hundreds of people in a short time.There is usually very little waiting,and the food is always cheap.Burger and pizza places are just two examples.Americans’attitude toward food is changing,too.The traditional big breakfast is no longer popular.However, coming to rediscover the social importance of food, Americans find that dinner with family and friends is a very special of enjoying time together.Like so many people in other cultures,many Americans are taking time to relax andenjoy a wider variety of tastes at dinner,even if they still rush through lunch at a hamburger stand.2.The world’s best ethnic foodHow can you travel the world without leaving your own country?Visit an ethnic restaurant!Trying foods from other countries is a great way to experience different cultures. People around the world have unique and creative ways of preparing food.The ingredients they use may surprise you.So what are the world’s best ethnic foods?Everyone has his or her own personal favourites,and so do we.The following are the world’s three best ethnic foods---other than Chinese food,of course!ITALIAN When you visit an Italian restaurant,order a pasta(意大利面食)dish.The Italians have hundreds of waysof preparing this food.Pastas usually come with flavourful tomato or cream sauces,which give the dishes a powerful, rich flavour.There are also different kinds of cheese.When ordering Italian food,you choose one main dish for yourself.You may,however,order an appetizer to share with everyone at the table.MEXICAN What’s great about Mexican food?Most of it you can pick up and eat with your hands!One major Mexican food is the tortilla(尤指墨西哥人食用的玉米薄饼).Mexican chefs mold this corn or flour-based material into round,flat shapes.The tortilla then gets filled with ingredients such as cheese,meat,sour cream,beans and other vegetables.Tortilla dishes can be fried,baked or toasted.Don’t forget to add hot sauce---Mexican food is great with a bit of spice!INDIAN India is the land of curries and strong flavours.You can smell a good Indian restaurant even before you walk through the door!The eating method of Indian food also takes a bit of getting used to.Peal off some flat fried bread and use this “spoon”to get food from a shared dish.You can finish the meal with Indian-style milk tea.While Chinese food is great,try something new and expand your horizons.After all,variety is the spice of life! 3.The global drinkTea,the global drink,is consumed around the world more than any other drink except water.Originating in China,tea has long established itself as the national drink of this country,the nation with the biggest population on earth.A century before the birth of Christ,tea was described in Chinese texts as a health drink that made one live longer.Tea is still being regarded as such.Scientific studies have suggested that drinking five cups of tea a day can be compared to having two servings of vegetables.Both green and black teas are claimed to be effective for preventing cancer,heart disease,and many other deadly disease.There is only one point people need to be aware of when they drink tea---it should not be drunk along with meals.This is because an element contained in tea can interfere with the body’s absorption of iron.Tea,a popular drink in China and many other countries, is carefully prepared according to local customs.The Chinese put loose tea in teapots,add boiling water,and serve it in teacups.The strong tea from China’s Fujian Province is drunk in tiny cups before dinner.Lighter teas with jasmine,rose or other flowers,are special to China’s Changjiang River regions. These are usually served after dinner to help digestion.In England people use teabags and mugs.Many English people,travelling away from home,feel at a loss if their favourite teabags are not available.Afternoon tea in England is still a time-honoured tradition.It’s a good opportunity for people to socialize or discuss business matters,though now more young people prefer a cola.In Japan,a tea ceremony is often held while people are drinking tea.The ceremony,usually held in a teahouse,dates back to the sixteenth century.Guests follow strict rules set up then and the tea used is a powdered green tea.Though still practised today,the tea ceremony may not be as popular as it used to be.Young Japanese tend to favour other drinks.4.CoffeeWhen coffee was first introduced in Europe in the1600s, there was a great deal of controversy about it.Many doctors said that coffee was a strong poison and should be forbidden. Others,however,insisted it was good to drink coffee.Then,“coffee houses”sprang up everywhere.Today,coffee has become a global drink and it is consumed by one third of the world’s population.Tests show that when coffee is given in large doses to animals,it can actually act as a poison.Coffee can also produce negative or even poisonous effects on small children. But for adults who drink it moderately,it is by no means a poison.Coffee contains caffeine.Most people believed that it is the caffeine that produces all the effects that coffee has on the body.Of course,the other elements in coffee have a role to play.Here are some of the things that happen when people drink coffee.The smell of coffee itself produces stimulating effects in various parts of the body.The blood vessels(血管) in the brain open wider so that the flow is improved,and this removes some of the poisonous substances from the brain.Coffee increases the pulse rate(脉搏),which means it stimulates the heart,and the muscles can thus work harder. Coffee makes the stomach work more actively,which is worthwhile for healthy people,especially when drunk after a heavy meal.Coffee actually produces different effects on the body at different times of the day!The morning coffee,for instance, helps the body get rid of waste products produced during the night.Coffee after lunch helps digestion.Afternoon coffee acts on the muscles and helps us feel less tired.And coffee taken in the evening seems to stimulate the mind and the imagination!However,there always two sides to everything.Caffeine is stimulating,so a lot of people avoid drinking coffee at night,which is the time when people want to go to bed instead of feeling stimulated.Furthermore,some people get hooked on coffee because of the caffeine,and that has always been considered negative.5.The Mexican(Adapted from The Mexican Jack London)Rivera was determined to help his people at the cost of his life.he fought against stronger and tougher boxers in the ring to make money for his people.He often lost at the beginning,but he grew more experienced.One day he was engaged in a very tough fight against a champion boxer,Danny.Rivera didn’t match Danny in height, weight,or skills.And he was not half as popular.However,“The winner takes all!”And Rivera stubbornly asked forall---all he had on his mind was making the money for his people.The fight was going on and on.The whole stadium was cheering for Danny;there were few on Rivera’s side. However,Rivera survived on blow after another;his excellent defence was frightening.Danny rushed,forcing Rivera to give him a clinch.Was it a trick?Rivera thought to himself.Yes,it was.But Rivera was smart enough to avoid it.He backed and circled away.He pretended to clinch with Danny’s next rush.Instead, at the last instant,just as their bodies should have come together,Rivera went quickly back.He had fooled him!While Rivera was dancing away,Danny kept challenging him openly.Having run after him for two rounds,Danny found the boy not even daring to come near him.He started to throw all caution to the winds.Rivera was struck again and again.He took blows by the dozen---just to avoid the deadly clinch.In the seventeenth round,Rivera,blown heavily,bent down.His hands dropped helplessly.Danny thought it was his chance---the boy was at his mercy.He decided to strike the deadly blow.But before he could do that,Rivera caught him off his guard and hit him in the mouth.Danny went down. When he rose,Rivera gave him another blow on the neck and jaw.He repeated this three times.Danny did not rise again.The audience shouted for him to stand up.But the miracle did not happen.“Count!”Rivera cried to the referee.When the count was finished,Danny,gathered up by his assistants,was carried to his corner.“Who wins?”Rivera demanded.Unwillingly,the referee caught his gloved hand and held it high up.Rivera,unattended,walked to his corner,where his assistants had not yet placed his stool.He didn’t care.All he could remember was that he had got the$5000he needed.“The winner takes all!”What mattered to him was that his people could use the money to buy guns.6.PelePele was born in Brazil in1940.Like many other Brazilian kids,Pele loved football and often played the game in the streets.He also went to school and did odd jobs to help bring in money for the family.However,what he loved best was to play football in the streets or practise kicking the ball with his father(also a great football player).Pele gained the attention of some coaches,first in the neighbourhood contests and later as he led his team to win the junior league tournament two years in a row.At the age of fourteen,Pele was playing for one of the first professional football teams in Brazil.As Pele became the most popular game everywhere in the world,except for North America. What had begun as a British sport became the favourite sportof people all around the world.Football became a truly international sport.Pele was in the Brazilian team in the World Cup matches of1958.Before1958,the Brazilian ream had failed in the finals three times in a row.Some sports writers said the Brazilians,though gifted,had no discipline.In the1958finals against Sweden,Pele kicked the winning goal,and he returned home a hero.However,he never forgot his poor fellow men.Pele owned dozens of apartment houses,in which he often allowed poor families to live without paying rent.He bought his mother the home he had promised her when he signed his first professional contract.But the most exciting moment of all was in1969,when Pele scored his thousandth goal.Asfootball fans stormed onto the field and reporters begged for a speech,all he said was,“Remember the poor children.”Today,Pele is one of the most famous athletes in the world.He retired in1975.however,soon after that,he decided to play for three years with the New York team.He could not resist the challenge of trying to make football popular in the United States,one of the few countries in the world where football had not become the national sport.In 1977,Pele retired for good at the age of thirteen-seven.7.The OlympicsThe Olympics are the most important international competition in terms of scale,skills,and number of athletes.The games are divided into two parts---the Summer Games and the Winter Games.The two parts are held in sucha way that there are two years in between but four years before one is repeated.The Olympics were first celebrated in776BC in Olympia,Greece,and were held every four years until393 AD.Then,they were brought to an end by the Roman emperor.It was not until the1890s that the world saw the modern summer games.In1896the first modern Summer Olympics were held in Greece because that was where the tradition started.After that the Olympics would move to a different city every four years.In1924,the Winter Olympics were added to the schedule.The Games were to take place in a separate,colder place.The event was cancelled during World WarⅠand World WarⅡfor reasons known to all.Examples of modern Summer Olympic events are track and field events,ball games,diving,gymnastics,swimming. Typical Winter Olympic events are skating and skiing.The Olympic records are the world ones.An Olympic gold medal carries as much weight as,or even more than,any other gold medal won at other international competitions.The skills and determination demonstrated at the Olympics have come to stand for the peak of human physical strength and will power.It was not until the late twentieth century that Chinese athletes began to amaze the world with their excellent performance at the ing out number one many times in the Olympic events,Chinese athletes have brought home one gold medal after another in swimming,diving,gymnastics,weight lifting,and a number of ball games.At the turn of the twenty-first century,the world witnesses Beijing being selected by the International Olympic Committee(IOC) as the host city for the2008Olympics.This has added a brilliant touch to the picture of modern Chinese sport history.Though once marked as“the Weaklings of East Asia”, the Chinese have always been looking forward to achieving the dream of becoming a sports giant.After continuous efforts for years the dream is gradually coming true,and it is understandable why the Chinese let out cries of joy the night Beijing’s bid to host the2008Olympics was approved!8.Stars from the southThe summer of2001saw Australians win the Cycling Tour de France,beat the world at cricket(板球)and rugby,andhave a player in the final of the Wimbledon Tennis Tournament for the eighteenth time.Many countries would be amazed at that kind of success. For Australia,it was just a typical sporting summer.At the 2000Olympics,Australia came fourth in the medals table. That does not sound so great,yet Australia has a population of only19million.There are more Olympic medal winners per head of population in Australia than in any other country.What is it that makes Australians a sporting people?This is a question that many people involved in sports have asked themselves over the years.Some of the answers are simple.Sport needs space. Australians have7.4million square kilometres of space to play sports in.many other countries are either too crowded ortoo small to encourage everybody to take part.Besides that, Australia is a warm,dry country.This encourages people to go outdoors to enjoy themselves.Furthermore,since85per cent of Australians live near the sea,they learn water sports early;and since sharks swim off the coasts of Australia,they also learn to swim very fast.However,it is not just the environment.The Australian government invests heavily in sports.Instead of just looking for the gifted people and training them,the emphasis is on trying to get everyone to join in.So Australia has a small population,but a large number of sports-loving people to choose from.Other reasons go deep into the history and culture of the country.When the British first found Australia they decidedthat it would be a great place to send criminals to.Life for the first Australians was very tough,so they had to be independent and develop a will to win just to survive.Yet they also had to be able to trust each other and be willing to help each other out.In order countries,coaches train people in mental toughness and team building.In Australia,these qualities are part of the general social environment.Being far away from Europe also meant that Australians were far away from the centres of Western arts and cultures. As a result,sport itself has become a way of cultural expression and part of the Australian nationality.An English football fan wants to see the national team do well,but really cares more about his local club.For an Australian, representing the nation is the most important thing of all.Everything else is just good practice.Being good at sports is part of what it means to be an Australian.9.Why did I quit hunting?Why did I quit hunting?Well,it isn’t a long story,but I wonder if you will really understand.I used to be crazy about the hunting season.I could hardly wait for those dry,cold mornings,that cup of hot coffee and then the walk over fresh-fallen snow,a fine rifle(步枪)in my hand.There’s a thrill in hunting,an excitement that comes over you when a deer crashes out of the bush.You are waiting for him with death.After hunting,you also feel great.There’s thebit of showing off with the boys---the fine head of the deer hung high up on the wall---sure,there’s a thrill in all of it.There’s beauty in the woods,too,especially late in the fall.Sometimes you walk among the huge trees,where the sunlight filters through.It’s quiet and big,with touches of white and green and gold.And the silence is like that of a church.It was like that the last time I was in the woods.I was alone,packing a rifle,a thermos(保温瓶)of coffee and three thick sandwiches.I went up into the hills,heading for a well-used deer trail.Sure enough there were fresh tracks in the snow.I turned over a few rocks to clear the snow and settled down behind a little bush.It was pretty cold,but I was dressed for it and didn’t mind.I sat there for about an hour.It was then that I saw him.A deer,a big beautiful deer!He was off to my left.There was no cover nearer to him than30yards.Surely I couldn’t miss!I waited for him to realize I was there.I waited for him to be shocked and run away.But he fooled me completely.He came towards me!He was curious,I suppose,or maybe he was stupid---how else can you explain it?He was not quite young,but a deer in his prime.He must have known about men and guns.But he came closer,putting one foot before the other,slowly and purposefully.His big eyes never moved from my face.Well,that deer walked right up to where I was sitting.Then he stopped and looked at me!What happened next is hard to believe,but it’s true.And it all seemed quite natural.Just as when a friendly puppycomes near you,I reached up and scratched his head,right between the horns.And he liked to be scratched.That big, wild,beautiful deer bent his head like a young horse.In fact, he practically asked for more.I scratched his head and his nose poked at my shoulder.He didn’t even tremble.I fed him my sandwich!Yes,I know what a deer eats,but that deer ate my sandwich.Well,he finally went his way,down the hill and up the deer trail.Shoot him?Not me.You wouldn’t have either,not after that.I just watched him go.There’s very little more to tell.I picked up my thermos and the wrapping for the sandwiches,and started walking back.I was about half way back when I heard two shots, followed by a dull slam a few seconds later.Those two shootsusually mean a kill.I had forgotten there were other hunters that day.Those hunters would never know they could have scratched his head…10.Jane GoodallIn1960,the twenty-six-year-old scientist Jane Goodall risked entering the thick bush.She intended to discover how chimpanzees(黑猩猩，缩写为chimp)were like human beings. She found out,instead,how much we are like them.Goodall broke new ground with her active involvement with some chimpanzees.She lived among them,ate and played with them and earned their trust by simply observing how they lived.Before Goodall,most visitors had frightened the chimps back into their rain forests.As a result,very little was actuallyknown about them.Goodall,who insisted on going into the bush alone for longer periods of time,collected more information about apes(类人猿)than all other scientists put together.Born in London to a writer and an engineer with a passion for car racing,Goodall received their daring and imagination---qualities that,along with her curiosity,would serve her well in her future occupation.She was inspired at seven by the stories of Dr Dolittle,the scientist who could talk to animals.And with her stuffed toy chimpanzee by her side, the young girl spent hours studying worms(蠕虫，蚯蚓)in the garden,hens in the henhouse,and whatever insects she could find.After she graduated from high school in1952,Goodall worked as a secretary at Oxford University.Even then she knew she wanted to go to Africa.In1957she was invited to Kenya(肯尼亚)to visit a friend,where she met the world-renowned anthropologist(人类学家)Louis S.B.Leakey.Goodall’s enthusiasm impressed him and he hired her as an assistant.Leakey later recommended her to a two-year research project studying chimpanzees in Gombe(冈贝，位于坦桑尼亚).It was a difficult decision to send a young woman,with neither a college degree nor scientific training,on such a demanding task.Leakey had trust in her,but his colleagues predicted the young woman would fail.Goodall proved them wrong.Goodall tried hard to observe the chimpanzees and tobe observed in return.Eventually,the chimps grew to regard “this white-skinned ape”as their friend.Goodall made a number of surprising discoveries.She found that chimps used tools to dig ants out of their hills for food.Goodall found that chimps experience a wide range of emotions like anger and grief as humans do.Her discovery was a significant breakthrough.Among her famous works are:My Friends:the Wild Chimpanzees(1967),and In the Shadow of Man(1971).These,along with her numerous films,TV specials and articles,made her one of the best-known scientists of the20th century.11.Oceans under threatPeople use oceans for trade,travel,tourism,and recreation.We also take food and resources from oceans.Allthese activities can have harmful effects on the oceans and the creatures that live in them.Overfishing and pollution are the most common problems.Oceans link countries all over the world;seawater circulates around the globe,so what we do in one part of the ocean can affect another.OVERFISHING In parts of the world,fishing boats with huge nets sometimes take too many of the same species of fish from a small area,causing some ocean waters to be overfished. As a result,there are not enough fish left to breed in these areas.This affects other fish in the food chain,and it affects people because there eventually may not be enough fish left to eat.In some parts of the world,limits have been set for the number of fish to be caught at one time.THREATS TO MARINE LIFE Some species of marine creatures are now rare because too many have been killed for food or sport.Tropical islands and coasts with coral reefs(珊瑚礁)also attract large numbers of tourists every year.Indeed, this helps people develop an understanding of marine life. however,coral and shellfish(水生贝壳类动物)can be destroyed by heavy boats.Divers,who stay under water just for fun or to hunt for souvenirs,are disturbing the natural cycles of marine life.POLLUTION One of the biggest threats to oceans is pollution from industry.Most pollution happens in coastal areas.In fact, many coastal cities and ports are reported to have long been polluted by chemicals and other harmful things from heavy industries.The industries dump these materials into thenearby rivers,which then wash them into the sea.Once they settle on a continental shelf,pollutants pile up.We do not know a great deal about the long-term effects of pollution. However,we do know that the North and Black Seas in Europe have been polluted so much that the marine life is poisoned and may never recover.POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS All countries of the world need to work together to share ocean resources ws are to be made and regulations are to be enforced to prevent overfishing and pollution.It is also hard to make people obey laws when our oceans are so vast and difficult to patrol. However,we should all learn to understand how important it is to manage the world’s oceans now and in the future.12.What is forestry?Anyone who travels across the US sees so many forests everywhere that he might well wonder why the Americans have to worry about protecting them.Don’t they have too many forests with so many trees right now?Actually,about a third of all the land area in the US is forestland.Yet,one of the most important things Americans can do for the future of their country is to see that these forests are properly cared for!This is being done in Britain and elsewhere.First,just imagine all the products we obtain from trees. Fruits,nuts,and sugar are only some of the foods.Buildings, tables,and boats come from trees.Also coming from trees are paper and toys---the list is almost endless.Second,forests reduce the danger of damaging floods and help control our water supplies.It is believed that the floods in China in the1990s were closely related to the illegal cutting down of trees along the banks of the rivers.Under a good forest,there is rich soil,which easily absorbs heavy rains or melting snow.And,of course,our forests provide wonderful vacation spots for millions of people.Having benefited from all that forests provide,mankind has started to take good care of forests.The care of forests is called forestry,which is considered to be one of the many new sciences of our time.In fact,forestry has been practised in some European countries for hundreds of years.In most forests,it is important to harvest trees when they are mature.Otherwise,the old trees would take up space thatcould be better used for fast-growing younger trees.A large area of mature trees,having been cleared,is replanted by hand or nature.Great care and skill are needed in harvesting and replanting trees to make sure that there will be a good new growth of the right kinds of trees.This is why forestry has now become a science.The country with the largest forest area is Russia.Brazil ranks second,Canada third and the United States fourth.Did you know that despite all the efforts to prevent them,about 200,000forest fires occur each year in the US?And in Australia forest fires break out simply because the weather is too dry.Thus there is still a lot more for us to learn about our forests and our nature.13.Shopping in the StatesI love shopping,even if it is just window-shopping. Shopping in the States is always a pleasant experience.There are different types of shops catering to your particular needs. To buy groceries,you can go to the convenience store,the supermarket or the mass merchandiser(such as Wal-Mart).To buy some clothes and big-ticket items,you can go to the mall or factory outlets.I go to two places most often,the supermarket and the mall.In almost every city or large town,you can find several big chain supermarkets,each with a good number of checkouts.They are one-stop shops since you can buy almost everything there:food,clothes,and medicine---you name it.Installed with automatic checkout lanes,some of these supermarkets have brought real convenience to the customers.。

新教材高二英语(上)词组归纳

新教材高二英语（上）词组归纳Unit1 Making a difference1.热衷于be on fire for2.与…相似，近似be similar to3.有…共同点have …in common4.因…而闻名be famous for5.从事于…work on6.与…订婚be engaged to7.事实上in fact8.继续干go on with9.梦想,梦到dream of10做讲座give lectures11.在二十世纪七十年代早期in the early1970’s12.问题的答案answers to questions13.另一方面on the other hand14.结果是,证明是,原来是turn out (to be)…15.对…感到满意be satisfied with16.与众不同make a difference17.相信,坚信believe in18.颠倒,相反,反过来the other way around19.(时间)消逝，过去go by20.畅销货best sellerUnit 2 News media1.与……有联系或关系relate to2.就这一次for once3.在各方面，到处on all sides4.使报纸保持均衡keep the newspaper balanced5.条理地；有组织地in an organized way6.适应新生活adapt to a new life7.对…表示注意……draw ( one’s) attention to8.尊敬,钦佩…look up to9.时事，当前发生的大事current affairs10.烧成平地，烧毁burn down11.走过；过去go by12.用尽；用完use up13.倘使…将会怎样what if14.对…表示满意或满足be satisfied with15.相反地；从相反方向the other way around16.与…某人订婚be / get engaged to17.面对困难face difficulties18.对…有隐be addicted to19.给…带来麻烦cause trouble for20.让他们的心声被听到make their voices heard21.用…武装be armed with22.爱上fall in love with23.感到失望feel disappointedUnit 3 Art and architecture1.一些家具some furniture2. 现代的公寓房 a modern flat3. 一幢公寓楼 a block of apartments4. 同样的,一样的all the same5. 个人的风格personal style6. 借鉴了自然界的例take examples from nature7. 人造的生存环境man-made living environment8. 根据不同的风格建造in different styles9. 违背了人们的审美标准go against th e people’s feeling of beauty10. 看起来很现代的建筑物modern-looking buildings11. 可以当作镜子act as mirrors12.在材料的选择上in the choice of materials 13. 更接近自然stand much closer to nature14. 用鱼皮覆盖…be covered with the skin of fish15. 尽管…事实存在…Despite the fact that…16. 用树枝做成的鸟巢a bird’s nest made of tree branches17. 用…装满…fill… with…18. 属于…belong to…19.鸟巢对于鸟就象房子对于人A nest is to a bird what a house is to a man20.不再…no longer21. 推倒pull down22. 20世纪50年代早期in the early 1950s.23. 那个时代遗留下来的left from that time24. 用…做装饰…decorate… with…25. 20英尺高的玻璃墙twenty-foot high walls of glass26. 闲置,放在一边set… aside27. 不同尺寸的车间workshops of different sizes28. 刚刚起步的艺术家beginning artistsUnit 4 A garden of poems1.把…结合成一整体，汇总bring together2. 玩耍，灵活地运用play with…3.召唤，使想起，使回忆起call up4.突出，超出…stand out5. 因为…而非常出名be famous for6. 缺少押韵的词…absence of rhyme7.英年早逝die at an early age8. 活到80岁live to 809.导致，通向lead to10. 和…对比in comparison with11.形成come into being12.召唤；派人…去请send for13.渡过，通过（考试）get through14.查找单词的含义look up the meaning of…15.从…开始start with16.借着蜡烛的光…by the light of a candle17.分辨，区别tell apart18.发疯，发狂go insane19.投稿，奉献给，对…有帮助contribute to Unit 5 The British Isles1.组成，构成consist of2.由…组成，构成be made up of3.为人所不知…be unknown to…4.充分展示,利用make the most of5.联合起来，组织起来hold together6.位于欧洲西海岸沿岸lie off the west coast of Europe7.英吉利海峡the English channel8.在某一处at one point9.一般来讲，大体地in general10.全年，整年throughout the year11.多达9度as much as nine degrees12.一个欧洲国家 a European country13.上流社会, 上层阶级the upper class14.认为…consider…to15.凭借第一印象来判断judge a person on the basis of first impression16.科学依据scientific proof17.离地404英尺being from the ground 404 feet.18.生长着水果和谷物的肥沃的田地rich fields bearing fruit and grain.Unit 6 Life in the future1.对…作出预测make forecasts about2.瞥见catch a glimpse of3.确保安全ensure safety4.先进的电脑系统an advanced system5.与…保持联系keep in touch with6.智能卡smart cards7.注意pay attention to8.处理；对付deal with9.导致；引起lead to10.（梦想）变成现实(Dreams) come true11.为…作好充分的准备be well prepared for12.储备着；就要到来in store13.时尚潮流the trend of fashion14.在当代社会in contemporary society15.陪伴某人keep sb. company16.远程教育distance education17.终生学习者lifelong learners18.不只是more than just19.以…惊人的速度at an amazing speed20.编制程序去做be programmed to do…Unit 7 Living with disease1.感染上… become/ be / get infected with2.接受HIV病毒检测get tested for HIV3.与…一起生活；忍受；忍耐live with4.通过下列途径via the following routes5.疾病防疫控制中心the Center for Disease Control and Prevention6.破坏，瓦解，分解break down7.疾病监测员 a disease detective8.出生即面临死亡be born dying9.破坏人体免疫系统break down the body’s immune system10让某人活下去keep sb alive11.通过血液传播spread through blood12.没有采取保护措施的性行为have unprotected sex13.缺少适当的医疗保a lack of proper health care14.尽情地,充分地to the fullest15.冒险一试，碰运气take a/ every chance take chances16.不受…的影响；没有…的be free from17.鼓励某人做某事encourage sb to do18.使某人振奋cheer sb up19.拥抱某人give sb a hug20.碰到困难meet with difficulty21.与疾病作斗争struggle with the disease 22在贫困地区in poor areas23.可怕的场景the terrible scene24.采集血样take samples of my blood25.相反地on the contrary26.患了重病suffer from a serious disease27.癌症患者people with cancer28.使某人不感到悲伤keep sb from feeling sadUnit 8 First aid1.进行急救give first aid2.紧急时分分秒秒都很重要Seconds counts in an emergency3.记住keep in mind4.保持镇静stay / keep calm5.在路上；即将到来on the way6.在五分钟之内within five minutes7.着火；开始燃烧catch fire8.翻转；倒转roll over9.为向…表示敬意；为…纪念in honor of10.假使；以防in case of11.一张…的清单 a list of12.止血stop the bleeding13.阻止…干某事prevent… from doing sth.14.吐出spit out15.为…作证witness to sth. / doing sth.16.上下颠倒upside down17.对…有很大益处do a lot of good to18.陷入恐慌get in / into a panic19.察觉；意识到be conscious of sth.Unit 9 Saving the earth1.参加会议attend a meeting2.处理;专心于;注意attend to…3.对…感到满意的be content with4.愿意去做…be content to do…5…的指南/介绍an introduction to…6.接近的方法;到达的权利或机会gain/have access to…7.强调…的重要性stress the importance of8.与…协调;与…一致in harmony with…9.结束;制止put an end to…10.擦洗…的内部;去除;消灭wipe out11.保护某人免遭…defend sb from…12.保卫某人抵御... defend sb against13.建议(某人)去做某事advise doing/sb to do/that sb do…14.清洁的饮用水clean drinking water15.在农村地区in rural areas16.保暖;取暖stay warm17.对…的需求the need for…18.采取行动take action/steps/measures (to do…)19.对…有害be bad for/do harm to…20.有很大影响make a big difference21.传遍世界spread across the world22.做记录take notes of23.对…有影响Unit 10 Frightening nature1.令人害怕的terrifying2.对…感到害怕的be terrified by/at/of/into…3.发现一个错误spot a mistake4.近在手边;在附近;即将到来的at hand5.从…逃出来flee from6.逃到…去flee to7.催促/力求/强烈要求某人做某事urge sb to do8.与…的同时in the meanwhile9.接连打击;冲击;漫游;闲逛knock about/around10.突然地;冷不防all of a sudden/at once11.使他毛骨悚然make her hair stand on end12.一连几个小时for hours on end13.完蛋了;不行了;累死了be done for14.越多…越好…The more, the better15.低声地;悄声地in whisper16.需要勇气call for courage17.另一个方向;相反the other way18.注意到draw one’s attention to19.平静下来calm down20.…被吓得要死be scared to death21.惊慌地in a panic22.在船上on board。

高二上学期unit1-8重点词汇总结

Unit 6 部份In general 通常来说，大致上keep in touch with sb与某人保持联系lead to 导致pay\draw attention to 注意in store 就要来到，将来double their money 他们双倍的钱some day 将来某一天sb be required to do sth 被要求做某事require sb to do sth 要求某人做某事urban area 市区suburb area 郊区promise to do 许诺或答应做某事be fond of doing sth喜欢做某事consider doing 考虑做某事be very different from 与……大不相同keep sb company 与某人做伴have lots of fun 玩得很开心，很有乐趣feel safe 感到安全send me messages 给我发信息download information 下载信息virtual reality虚拟世界imitate the world 模仿这个世界sound absurd to sb 在某人听来荒谬think about it a little稍加思考after all毕竟，竟然more than不仅仅，不只是，超过a lifelike model of the person一个栩栩如生的人物模型send sb to do sth派某人去做某事unit7after school放学后talk to sb about sth \ talk with sb about sth与某人谈论某事millions of+ 名数百万的……five million +名五百万的……break down 摧毁，使垮了break off 中断，停止break into强行闯入break out 爆发immune system免疫系统manage to do sth设法做成某事（通常做成功了）leave sb +形使某人处于……get the desease得病survive sb 比某人活得长\ survive sth 从……中幸存下来keep sb\sth +形使某人某物保持……cure sb of sth治疗某人某病spread through通过什么传播body liquids体液as in one’s case正如某人的例子die of 死于……\ die out死绝，灭绝\die from根源于……而死亡take care of sb 照顾好某人become \be \get infected with感染了……the total number of ……的总数a lack of 缺乏proper health care适当的医疗保险prevention预防措施as with就象，正如available可用的，可达到的instead +句子\ instead of +短语encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事across the country全国cheer ….up使兴奋，鼓舞，给……加油suffer from遭受deal with处理，面对contact with接触……persuade sb to do sth \ persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事act as if 表现得好象shake hands握手（动词短语）\ hand-shaking握手（名词）feel lonely感到孤独give an AIDS patient a hug给爱滋病人一个拥抱think sth +形认为某东西怎么样think sth sth 认为某东西是某东西the doctor’s office医生诊所feel sick感到恶心take me to hospital to have me examined送我去医院让我接受检查a great many =a great number of 大量（可数） a great deal of （不可数）大量take sample of 取……的样a sad look一个悲伤的表情know much about知道很多关于……an incurable disease一种绝症remember doing sth记得做过某事\ remember to do sth记得去做某事go to end 完蛋了get cancer得癌症be treated with用……治疗keep\prevent\ stop sb from doing sth 阻止某人做某事on the contrary正相反plan to do计划做某事for the moment此刻，这会儿be free from不受……影响，免于think of …..as ….把……想做……Take every chance to do sth抓住一切机会做某事To the fullest尽情地，彻底地Unit 8Upside down颠倒的Give first aid做急救Keep in mind记住Stay calm保持冷静Make better decision做更好的决定Prepare for为……做准备Stand for代表First of all首先No longer = no more不再Get hurt受伤On the way在路上，就要来了on one’s way to +地点名词某人去哪里的路上Tip back向后倾斜Try to 努力做……\ try doing 做……试试看（通常是建议）At once马上，立刻Cover ….with…以……覆盖……How to do it如何做它\ what to do做什么Training class训练班So that目的是为了Roll over翻滚Wait for等待Make mistakes犯错误Do\try one’s best to do sth尽某人之力做某事Find sb doing sth发现某人正做某事\ find sth done 发现某物被做find sth or sb +形发现某人某物怎么样Advice sb to do sth 建议某人做某事\ suggest that sb (should) do sth 建议某人做某事advice不可数a piece of dry clean cloth一块干净的布One third \ two thirds 三份之一三份之二Die 动词death 名词dead 形容词deadly 致命的（形容词）Get sb to do sth让某人去做某事Spit out吐出Call for an ambulance叫来一辆救护车\ call 119拨打119。

新世纪英语配套词组翻译(高二上 unit1)

Modulue1Unit1 Eating Around the WorldExpressions（text）1·health food 健康食品2·be well-known for 因····而著名3·physical well-being 身体健康4·lunch break 午餐休息5·in a short time 很快6·even if 即使7·rush through 匆匆完成8·take place 发生9·food styles 食物品种10·be famous for 因····而著名11·in addition to 另外12·a wide variety of 种类繁多的13·all over the world 全世界14·be keen on 对···喜爱15·take time to sth 花时间做某事16·one’s attitude towards 某人对事情的态度Expressions(additional reading)1·in season 当令，旺季2·all the year round 一年到头3·for sure 确实4·peel····off 剥···的皮5·expand one’s horizon s 开阔视野6·pick up 整理，收拾7·share with 分享8·at the table 用餐9·main dish 主菜10·other than 除···以外11·walk through 穿过12·get used to 习惯于…TranslationPeriod11·良好的学习习惯为他的学术成就奠定了坚实的基础。

新世纪英语高二(上)Unit1-8 课内词组整理

11、在世纪之交：at the turn of the century
12、 2008 奥运会的主办城市：the host city for the 2008 Olympics
13、期待实现梦想：look forward to achieving the dream 14、坚持不懈的努力：continuous effort 15、发出喜悦的叫喊声：let out cries of joy 16、在奖牌榜上列第四位：come fourth in the medals table 17、大量投资体育：invest heavily in sports 18、寻找有天赋的人：look for gifted people 19、互相信任：trust each other 20、团队建设：team building 21、被称作：be marked as 22、给...添上了壮丽的一笔：add a brilliant touch to 23、使...陷入困境：bring sth. to a deadly end 24、为了赞赏：in praise of
13、帮助消化：help digestion
14、感到不知所措：feel at a loss
15、历史悠久的传统：a time-honoured traditon
16、举行茶道：hold a tea ceremony
17、遵从严格的规定：follow strict rules
18、追溯到十六世纪：date back to the sixteenth century
13、轻轻地推挤着：poke at
14、冒险做某事：risk doing sth.
15、打算做某事：intend to do sth.

高二新世纪英语教材第一学期

高二新世纪英语教材第一学期
Unit One Eating Around the World
词组与短语

发生饮食风格传统上以----闻名主要由-----组成不同种族风味的食品健康食品家庭烹饪的食品广泛的、大量的以-----而闻名身体健康

2. diet 饮食、节食、（特定需求的）规定饮食 _______________(均衡饮食）is important and necessary A balanced diet for good health. June always seems ________________(节食） to be / go on a diet He put me _______________(吃流质食物） on a liquid diet
Word & Structure
1. The United States is traditionally famous for its very solid and unchanging diet , chiefly made up of meat and potatoes. ※ solid adj. 固体的、结实的 n. 固体（食物） The baby isn’t old enough to eat solid foods yet. He’s still too ill to eat solids. The building survived in the earthquake because the foundation is very solid. ※ 这里“chiefly made up of----”是过去分词作定语，修饰diet，相当于which引导的非限制性定语从句。 June is wearing a blouse, made of cotton. The meeting, (which was )scheduled for tomorrow, has been cancelled.

上海新世纪英语高二全部课文及重点词组

上海新世纪英语高二全部课文及重点词组上海新世纪英语高二的教材内容丰富多样，涵盖了听、说、读、写等多个方面。

下面为大家详细介绍高二全部课文及重点词组。

高二上册的课文主题广泛，包括了科技、文化、环保等领域。

在第一单元“Science and Technology”中，课文《The Future of Transportation》为我们描绘了未来交通的发展趋势。

重点词组有“keep pace with（跟上的步伐）”“come into being（形成；产生）”“make a breakthrough（取得突破）”等。

第二单元“Culture and Custom”里的《Different Cultures, Different Celebrations》让我们领略到不同文化中的各种庆祝活动。

相关重点词组有“be characteristic of（是的特点）”“in honor of（为纪念；为向表示敬意）”“pass down（传下来；遗传）”。

第三单元“Environment and Protection”中的《Saving Our Planet》强调了环境保护的重要性。

这单元的重点词组有“be aware of（意识到）”“take measures（采取措施）”“run out（用完；耗尽）”。

高二下册同样精彩纷呈。

第四单元“Literature and Art”中的《The Masterpieces of World Literature》带我们走进了世界文学的经典之作。

重点词组包括“be basedon（以为基础）”“have an influence on（对有影响）”“be known for（因而出名）”。

第五单元“History and Civilization”里的《The Rise and Fall of Empires》讲述了帝国的兴衰。

重点词组有“date back to（追溯到）”“play a role in （在中起作用）”“bring about（导致；引起）”。

高二上一至八短语

9. 网上购物的优点 the advantage of online shopping 10. 一家拥挤的店 a crowded store 11. 处理;对付 deal with 12. 空中学校 schools on the air 13. 实现;成为现实 come true 14. 故事的结局 an ending to a story 15. 陪伴某人 keep sb. company 16. 识别出别人的声音 recognize one's voice 17. 迟早,早晚 in time
10. 翻转;倒转 roll over 11. 经过几个小时的学习后 after a few hours of study 12. 穿破; 筋疲力尽 be worn out 13. 为了纪念;为了庆祝 in honor of 14. 处理;对付 deal with 15. 三分之一的血液 one third of one's blood 16. 叫来一辆救护车 call for an ambulance 17. 让某人做某事 get sb. to do sth. 18. 吐出来 spit out
17. 诗歌集 in the collections of poetry 18. 早年 at a very young age 19. 点燃, 照亮 light sth. up 20. 填图表 fill in the chart 21. 关怀备至的女儿 a devoted daughter 22. 负责 in charge 23. 对干某事感兴趣 be interested to do sth. 24. 不打算做某事 have no intention of doing sth.
Unit Four
1. 召唤,唤起 call up 2. 导致 lead to sth/doing sth. 3. 矗立在荣光宝殿 stand out in the halls of glory 4. 十九世纪早期 in the early 19th century 5. 英年早逝 die at an early age 6. 打开…之门 open the door to (doing) sth 7. 在心中吟唱 sing in my head 8. 就着烛光 by the light of a candle

高二上学期unit1-8重点词汇总结-1

Unit1-unit2单元词组总结1.turn out to be2.dream of doing3.on the other hand4.be similar to be familiar with5.have sth\nothing in common with6.work on7.get engaged to be engaged to engage in8.go by9.according to10.s top……from doing11.g o on with sth\ doing sth12.b e known for\ be known as \ be known to13.n o more than14.c ome up with15.u se up16.r each one’s goal17.t here is no point in doing sth18.b e on fire for sth \ catch fire19.t ake\ cost 以物为主语spend……on\ pay for 以人为主语20.s b need to do sth \ sth need to be done\sth need doing21.t ake a look at22.t ake measures to do sth23.b e different from24.m edium(单)------media（复）25.m ean to do sth\ mean doing sth\ means26.c ompare with\ compare to27.r ob+对象（人）28.s teal sth from sb29.b urn down30.b eat sb(对象) with sth31.g o up32.w ould rather \ had better\ rather than33.m ore than34.m ake sure35.r elate to\ be related to \relate……to36.a dapt to \ adapt oneself to \37.a dopt采取38.b e addicted to \get addicted to \ addicted oneself to39.s uffer from40.i t is adj for sb to do sth41.d raw attention to \ pay attention to42.o n all sides43.c hange on e’s mind44.c urrent affairs 时事45.s b is elected sth(职位)\ elect sth \elect sb as46.h ave no problem in doing sth \have difficulty in doing sth47.l ook up to 敬仰\ look down upon看不起48.a ll the more49.f all in love with sb50.s end out51.c ause trouble for 给……带来麻烦\ ask for trouble\ make trouble52.f ight with53.r ely on= depend on54.w ell-informed55.f inish doing56.b e bored with对……厌烦be satisfied with \be shocked at\ besurprised at\be disappointed atbe amazed at sth\ be interested in57.t o one’s disappointment58.a gree on sth\ agree with sb\ agree to do sth59.f ocus on60.i nform sb of sth\ inform sb that+ 句子\61.i nform against\on sb告发，检举某人62.f or once\ for twice\for three times63.b e concerned about 为……担心64.k eep sth+形容词\+现在分词\+过去分词65.w ell-known\famous66.m ake a (great)effort to do sth努力做……。

新世纪英语配套词组翻译(高二上 unit1)

新世纪英语配套词组翻译(高二上 unit1)新世纪英语配套词组翻译(高二上unit1)模块1unit1eatingaroundtheworld表达式（文本）1healthfood健康食品2bewell-knownfor因而著名3physicalwell-being4lunchbreak5inashorttime6evenif7rushthrough8takeplace9foodstyles10befamou sfor11inadditionto12awidevarietyof13allovertheworld14bekeenon15taketimetosth16 one’sattitudetowards表达（额外阅读）1inseason身体健康午餐休息很快即使匆匆完成发生食物品种因而著名另外种类繁多的全世界对喜爱花时间做某事某人对事情的态度当令，旺季2.全年3.确定4.剥离5.拓展视野6pickup整理，收拾7sharewith分享8atthetable用餐9maindish主菜10otherthan除以外11walkthrough穿过12getusedto习惯于?翻译周期11良好的学习习惯为他的学术成就奠定了坚实的基础。

（solid）goodstudyhabitlaidasolidfoundationforhisacademicachievement.均衡的饮食能滋养你的身体。

均衡饮食为你的身体提供营养。

生活是由起伏组成的。

（化妆）人生是一场由失败组成的运动。

4假如你请少数民族朋友到家里吃饭，要尊重他们的民族习惯（ethnic）如果你邀请少数朋友回家，你必须尊重他们的技术习俗。

5昨天在a20公路上发生的车祸是由驾驶员的超速引起的。

（takeplace）20号公路上的一次意外事故是由苏联的速度引起的。

1在他阅读时，这卡片起着书签的作用（serve）whenheisreading,thecardseversasabookmark.2我们的班级由50个学生组成（madeupof）ourclassismadeupoffiftystudents.现在购物中心已经成为最时尚的购物场所，因为它提供各种各样的商品和娱乐。

高二上学期unit1-8重点词汇总结-4

Unit6词汇总结1.A be different from B 与…… 不同there are differences between A and B A和B 之间有不同2.keep sb. Company 陪伴某人3.have lots of fun 很开心4.feel safe 感到安全5.send sb. a message 给某人发信息6.download information 下载信息7. imitate the real world 效仿这个真实的世界8. virtual reality 虚拟现实9. sound absurd to sb 听上去荒谬10. after all 竟然，毕竟11. think about sth a little 稍加思索12. more than 不只是……13. a lifelike model of 那个人的逼真模型14. send sb to do 派某人做某事15. clean up 打扫……/收拾……16. some day 某天17. travel back in time 时间旅行18．forecast the weather 天气预报Eg; The forecast for tonight is that it will rain.Did you listen to the weather forecast on TV.19.catch a glimpse of =catch a brief sight of 很快地看一眼，匆匆的一瞥20. contemporary adj. 同时期的、当代的n.同时期的人、同辈、报刊同业21. ensure =insure v 确保；保证ensure safety/success★sb. against sth.ensure ★sb. sth.★that-clause22.keep in touch with 保持联系keep in touch with 保持（状态）get in touch with 取得（动作）keep an eye on 注意看守keep sb. from doing sth.（使）离开（某物）keep sth. in mind记住（某事物）keep sb. /sth. out (of sth)不让----入内keep in touch with 与----保持联系.keep (on) doing sth.继续做某事keep off 远离；避开；让开keep up保持（不低落）继续keep up with跟上，不落在后面keep down控制，镇压，使不吐出23. on the air 在广播，被广播in the air 在空中的，悬而未决的24. in store 储存着、防备着、必将发生have / keep… in store1。

上海新世纪英语高二全部课文及重点词组

上海新世纪英语高二全部课文及重点词组上海新世纪英语高二的学习对于学生们来说是一个重要的阶段。

在这个阶段，掌握全部课文及重点词组对于提升英语水平至关重要。

首先，让我们来看看高二英语教材中的课文。

这些课文涵盖了丰富多样的主题，包括文化、科技、社会等多个领域。

比如有关于历史文化的课文，通过生动的描述和故事，让学生们了解到不同国家和时期的文化传统和重要事件。

在这类课文中，学生不仅能够学到英语语言知识，还能拓宽自己的文化视野，增强对世界的认知。

还有关于科技发展的课文，介绍了最新的科技成果和创新趋势。

这有助于学生跟上时代的步伐，了解科技对社会和生活的影响，同时也能学习到相关的专业词汇和表达方式。

在社会主题的课文中，探讨了诸如环境保护、人际关系等热点问题。

学生们可以通过阅读和思考，培养自己的社会责任感和分析问题的能力。

接下来，我们重点梳理一下高二英语中的重点词组。

“put up with”这个词组表示“忍受；容忍”。

例如：I can't put up with his bad temper any longer （我再也忍受不了他的坏脾气了。

）“come up with”意思是“想出；提出”。

如：He came up with a good idea to solve the problem （他想出了一个解决问题的好主意。

）“look forward to”是“盼望；期待”，需要注意后面接动词的ing 形式。

比如：I'm looking forward to seeing you again （我期待着再次见到你。

）“get along with”表示“与……相处；进展”。

“I get along well with my classmates （我和同学们相处得很好。

）“make up”有“组成；编造；化妆”等多种意思。

“The team is made up of ten members （这个团队由十名成员组成。

《新世纪高等院校英语专业综合教程第三册》unit-1——unit-8-课后词汇总汇

Unit 1squarev。

to set straight or at approximate right angles使成方形discreetlyad。

carefully谨慎地，小心地reserven. self—restraint in expression; the habit of not showing one’s feelings or thoughts矜持，拘谨；寡言whereaboutsn。

the place where somebody or something is下落, 去向anthologyn。

a collection of literary pieces， such as poems， short stories， or plays （诗、文等的）选集gropev。

to search blindly or uncertainly暗中摸, 摸索tip offto give an advance warning or hint to暗示，警告,因倾斜而使掉下来goodyn. something attractive or delectable, especially something sweet to eat 特别吸引人的东西，美味的食品puddlen. a small pool of liquid水坑; （尤指道路上的)雨水坑ketchupn. a thick cold red sauce made from tomatoes, used for giving a pleasant taste to food番茄酱flailv. to (cause something to） wave or swing about wildly鞭打;抽打maneuvern. skillful or careful movement策略reara。

of the back part后面的；后部的n. a light open-sided shoe worn in warm weather凉鞋brigaden. a group of persons organized for a specific purpose 旅sneakv. to go or move in a quiet， stealthy way偷偷溜走junk food（informal and derogative） food （e.g.， potato crisps） eaten as a snack and usually thought to be not good for one's health垃圾食品crunchya. making a crunching or cracking sound, as when chewed； crisp发嘎吱嘎吱声的,易碎的spaghettin. a type of pasta in long strings意大利面条somebody's heart goes out to somebodyused to say that someone feels a lot of sympathy towards another person 十分同情，怜悯claspn。

上海新世纪英语高二全部课文及重点词组

上海新世纪英语高二全部课文及重点词组上海新世纪英语高二教材的课文内容丰富多样，涵盖了各种主题和文体，为学生提供了全面的英语学习素材。

以下是对高二全部课文的简要介绍以及重点词组的梳理。

高二上册的课文包括了有关文化交流、科技发展、社会现象等方面的内容。

比如在“Cultural Exchange”这一单元中，通过生动的故事和描述，展现了不同国家和地区之间文化的差异与融合。

文中的重点词组有“be exposed to”（暴露于；接触）、“have an impact on”（对有影响）等。

“Technology and Innovation”单元探讨了科技的进步给人们生活带来的变化，像“keep pace with”（跟上的步伐）、“make breakthroughs”（取得突破）等词组在文中频繁出现。

在社会现象方面，“Social Issues”这一单元的课文让学生关注到一些现实问题，“be concerned about”（关心；担忧）、“draw public attention”（引起公众关注）等词组值得重点掌握。

高二下册的课文则更加深入地探讨了人文情感、环境保护、艺术鉴赏等领域。

“Human Emotions”单元细腻地描绘了各种情感，“be overcome with”（被所克服；被所压倒）、“cope with”（处理；应对）等是重要词组。

“Environmental Protection”单元强调了环保的重要性，“be aware of”（意识到）、“take measures”（采取措施）等词组能帮助学生更好地理解和表达相关内容。

“Art Appreciation”单元带领学生领略艺术的魅力，“be fascinated by”（被迷住）、“have a taste for”（对有兴趣）等词组能丰富学生的语言表达。

在学习这些课文时，掌握重点词组对于理解课文内容、提高语言运用能力至关重要。

《新世纪英语》高二(上)【共364词】

effective [i'fektiv] adj.有效的，有作用的
favour ['feiv4] n.喜爱；支持；赞同v.喜欢；支持
interfere [.int4'fi4] v.妨碍，干预
iron ['ai4n] n.铁；熨斗v.(熨斗)慰平
jasmine ['d91smin] n.茉莉(花)
menu ['menju:] n.菜单
moderately ['m3d4ritli] adv.适量地，适度地
poisson [] n.毒药v.使中毒；毒杀
poisonous ['p3izn4s] adj.有毒的
pulse [p8ls] n.脉搏
pump [p8mp] n.泵，抽水机v.(用泵)抽(水)
mug [m8g] n.(有柄的)大杯
originate [4'rid9ineit] v.起源于
powdered ['paud4d] adj.粉末状的
scientific [sai4n'tifik] adj科学的
serving ['s4:vi6] n.(供一人享用的)一客；一份
socialize ['s4u54laiz] v.交际
《新世纪英语》高二(上)【共364词】.txt3努力奋斗，天空依旧美丽，梦想仍然纯真，放飞自我，勇敢地飞翔于梦想的天空，相信自己一定做得更好。4苦忆旧伤泪自落，欣望梦愿笑开颜。5懦弱的人害怕孤独，理智的人懂得享受孤独burger ['b4:g4] n.(非正式用语)汉堡包
ethnic ['e7nik] adj.种族的，民族的
horn [h3:n] n.(动物的)角