初一英语短语积累

☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆☆时态：一般现在时态：

含意：表示经常发生的或习惯性的动作．（常用主谓宾结构）

常用句型结构：主语＋谓语＋宾语（用来表述主语做了某件事）

【谓语动词是由一个能表示出一个具体动作的实意动词来表示的】

谓语动词通常用原型，当主语是单数第三人称时，谓语动词＋s/es;

【当句子中有usually(通常) often(经常) always(一直,总是) every day(每天)】例：I have three baseballs and a basketball.

I like bananas and strawberries.

She has hamburgers and French fries for breakfast.

He often does homework after supper.

Unit 5 Do you have a soccer ball ?

1、动词have 的用法(have 有示拥有某个物体,后面跟名词)

①说明拥有某物就用陈述句:I have a computer .

My brother has a new bike and my sister has a new skirt .

②没有某物就用否定句(就是将陈述句变成否定句.在谓语have 前加don’t 或doesn’

t)

→I don’t have a computer.

→My brother doesn’t have a new bike.(使用了助动词do/ does 动词变回原形) ③询问某人是否有某物就用一般疑问句(就是将陈述句变为一般疑问句:在句首加助动词

Do / Does; 当主语是单数第三人称时,助动词选Does,谓语动词变回原形)

→Do you have a computer ? Yes ,I do . No , I don’t .

→Does your brother have a new bike ? Yes ,he does . No, he doesn’t.

2、关于have 句型的用法(向别人建议搞某项活动)

例: A: Let’s play soccer ball . (提个建议)

B: I don’t have a soccer ball . (否定该建议)

A: Do you have a basketball ? (询问是否有某物)

B: Yes , I do .I have a new basketball.

A: Well . Let’s play basketball . (再提建议)

B: That sounds good . (同意)

①提建议所用句型: Let’s do sth.= Let us do sth.(让我们做某事)

Let 后面接动词用原形.Let’s go .(我们去)→Let’s +动词(原形)

②同意所提意见,常用这样句形:

That’s a good idea .= A good idea .(好主意.)

That sounds good (听起来很棒!).That sounds interesting.(听起来很有趣!) That sounds fun.(听起来很好玩!)

③不同意可以说That sounds boring.(听起来很无聊.) That sounds difficult.(听

起来很难)

Unit 6 Do you like bananas ?

1、动词like (喜欢) 表示一个人的习惯和爱好(就用一般现在时).一般用原形,当主语

为单数第三人称时,like 加S !

例: I like oranges . They like salad . she likes bananas.

We like Friday because we have PE that day .

My sister really likes apples ,so she often eats an apple after lunch.

(like 后面接的是水果和食物时,这些词应用复数.英语常用复数来表示某一个种类.)

①谈论一个人的喜好就用陈述句:

I like apples but I don’t like strawberries.

The boys like salad and they also like broccoli.

My sister likes ice cream but she doesn’t like French fries.

(肯定句变否定句就是在like 前加上don’t 或doesn’t;使用了do/ does , likes

就要变回like.)

②询问别人的爱好就用一般疑问句(就是将肯定句变为一般疑问句,在句首加助动词Do /

Does.)

→Do you like apples ? Yes , I do . No, I don’t.

→Do the boys salad ? Yes ,they do . No, they don’t.

→Does your sister like ice cream ? Yes ,she does. No,she doesn’t.

③当要说明喜欢做某件事就要用到句型:

like to do sth.(因为like 本身是动词,后再用动词,中间就用to 连接.)

I like to watch TV at home .(我喜欢在家看电视.)

My brother likes to play computer games (我的兄弟喜欢打电子游戏)

2、☆☆☆☆关于名词的分类:

名词根据其性质可分为可数名词和不可数名词.

①可数名词的数量是1时用单数(单数名词前加冠词a /an),复数名词以s/es结尾.

②不可数名词指的是没法数得清的名词:如broccoli, chicken, salad (I不可数名词没

有复数形式,就当单数对待,用it 替换)

3、关于吃饭: 所用动词have /eat (吃)

Have breakfast = eat breakfast eat dinner = have dinner

问:What do you eat for breakfast ? 答: I eat a hamburger for breakfast.

问:What does your mother eat for lunch ? She often eats rice for lunch.

( have + 食品for breakfast /lunch /dinner 表示早/午/晚饭吃)

【若三顿饭吃什么,三顿饭breakfast/ lunch/ dinner前加介词for 】

【蔬菜vegetables 水果fruits 可以加S 用作复数.但食物food 不能用复数】

Unit 7 How much are these pants ?

1.提问物品的价钱就用句型:

How much + 系动词(is /are ) +商品?答:It’s +价钱/They’re +价钱.

【商品由名词来充当,前面可以有修饰词the ,物主代词或指示代词this /that these/those】(this/that后面接名词的单数形式, these/ those 后接名词的复数形式.)

How much is the blue sweater ? It is 42 dollars.

How much are these black pants ? They are 88 yuan.

2.买东西常用口头语:

①售货员打招呼用语:Can I help you ?= What can I do for you ?

答句: Yes ,please. I want a +物品.(肯定回答) No, thanks.(否定)

②Here you are (给你.) 递东西时用语

③问颜色:What color do you like ?/ What color do you want ?

④购买: I’ll take it .(我会买上的)

3.介绍商品的颜色和价钱是所用的介词:

颜色:We have T-shirts in red, green and white.= We have red ,green and white T-shirts.(因为表示颜色的词既可以当名词,又可以当作形容词对待.)

价钱:We have great bags for only$12.(我们有只售12美元的包.)

You can buy socks for only $5 each.(你可以买到5元一双的袜子)

Unit 8 When is your birthday ?

☆☆☆☆日期的表示法:先说月份(由专有名词表示),现说日期(用序数词表示)

【序数词是由基数词变化而来的.序数词一般都以th 结尾.】

变化规则:1.一般直接在基数词后加th;( nine 除外. 【nine是去掉e再加th】)

2.以ve 结尾的为ve 为f再加th .five→fifth, twelve →twelfth.

3.以y结尾的基数词变y 为I 再加eth. Thirty →thirtieth

4.多位数的基数词只需要将个位变成序数词,其它位不变.twenty-two→

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