六年级英语知识点整理
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(3)没有动词be和can的句子则要先在主要动 词的前面加上一个助动词(do,does,did),然 后在它后面加上“not”,要注要的是否定句后面 接的动词都要用原形。你也可以把它们缩写在一 起如(“don’t , doesn’t , didn’t) 。这三个 助动词要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does” 只用于一般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况, 而“did”只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人 称和数,都用“did” 。
stopped plan--planned
2.不规则动词(此类词并无规则,须熟记)小学阶段要记住以下动词的原形和过去式 :sing – sang , eat – ate , see – saw , have – had , do – did , go – went , take – took , buy – bought , get – got , read – read ,fly – flew , am/is – was , are – were , say – said , make – made , swim – swam , tell – told , come – came , thinkthought, drink – drank , hurt – hurt , feel – felt , put – put , fall-fell.
You have a pen.
4. there is, there are 的选择:表示某地有某物,某人 。单数用there is , 复数用there are. 例子:There is a pen on the desk.
There are many pens on the desk. 5. some, any 的选择:肯定句用some, 疑问句和否定 句用any. 例子:There are some boys in the classroom.
六、 动词加ing的变化规则
1.一般情况下,直接加ing,如:cook-cooking 2.以不发音的e结尾,去e加ing,如:like-liking; writewriting;make-making;take-taking 3.以重读闭音节结尾并且末尾只有一个辅音字母的要双写未尾 的辅音字母再加ing,如:get-getting; run-running, swimswimming,shop-shopping stop-stopping,sit-sitting,put-putting 写出下列动词的现在分词:
2.一般疑问句:是指询问事实的句子,此类句子必 须用“yes”,或“no”来回答。 ①句子中有动词be/can的,把动词be/can调到首位, 其他照写,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。如:
They are students. Are they students?Yes,they are.No,they aren’t.
play_____run______swim ____make__________ go_________ like________ write________ read________ have_________ sing ____ dance_________ put_________love____________ live_______ take_________ come ________ get_________stop_________ sit ________ begin_______shop___________
动词的过去式的构成规则
1.规则动词 ① 一般直接在动词的后面加ed:如 work -- worked ,
learn -- learned , clean-- cleaned , visit -- visited ②以e结尾的动词直接加d:如 live -- lived , dance --
danced , use – used , prepare - prepared ③ 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词要改y为i再加ed(此类动 词较少)如 study – studied ,carry – carried ,worry – worried (注意play、stay不是辅音字母加y,所以不属于 此类) ④ 双写最后一个字母(此类动词较少)如 stop --
drink _____go ____stay ___make ________ look _____have___pass_____carry ____
come____watch__plant_____ fly ________ study_____ brush____ do____ teach_______
五、动词第三人称单数规则
1.一般情况下,直接加-s,如:cook-cooks, like-likes 2.以s. x. sh. ch. o结尾,加-es,如:go-goes,dodoes teach-teaches, wash-washes, watch-watches, 3.以“辅音字母+y”结尾,变y为i, 再加-es,如: study-studies, fly-flies 4.不规则变化:have-has 写出下列动词的第三人称单数
如:There are some students in the classroom.
Are there any students in the classroom?
Yes, there are. / No,there aren’t.
常见题型:
1. Amy likes playing computer games.(改为一般疑问句 并作否定回答)
5.She is going to listen to music after school.(改为否定 句)
九、时态归类
( 一)一般现在时 一般现在时基本用法介绍 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。如:The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。如:I get up at six every day.我每天六点起 床 一般现在时的时间状语有:often, usually, sometimes,always等。 一般现在时的构成 1. be动词:主语+be(am,is,αre)+其它。如: I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 2.动词:主语+动词(+其它)。如:We study English.我们学习英语。 当主语为第三人称单数(he, she,it)时,动词用第三人称单数形式 。如: Mary likes Chinese.玛丽喜欢汉语。
There are not any boys in the classroom.
Are there any boys in the classroom? 6.like后加动词用ing形式,can后面加动词原形。
I like reading a book. I can clean my room.
5.不规则名词复数:man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen,
She can sweep the floor.
Can she sweep the floor? Yes,she can.No,she cann’t.
Leabharlann Baidu
②没有动词be/can的句子则要在句首加上一个助动词 (do,does,did)再把紧跟在后面的动词变回原 形,末尾标点符号变成问号即可。这三个助动词也 要根据人称和时态来选择,其中“does”只用于一 般现在时主语是第三人称单数的情况,而“did” 只用于一般过去时,不论主语是什么人称和数,都 用“did” 。当句子用“does”和 “did”来提问 时,后面的动词要用原形。
you doing?
(三)一般将来时
1.概念:表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态及打算、 计划或准备做某事。句中一般有以下时间状语: tomorrow, next day(week, month, year…),soon, the day after tomorrow后天等
八、句型专项归类
1.肯定句变否定句:肯定句:指用肯定的语气来陈述的 句子。否定句:含有否定词或表示否定意义词的句子。
否定句主要是在肯定句的基础上加上了否定词 “not”。 (1)有动词be的句子则在be后面加“not”,可缩写 成“isn’t,aren’t”,但am not 一般都分开写。 (2)没有动词be ,有can的,在can后面加“not”,完 整形式can not,可缩写成can’t.
如:I like apples. Do you like apples? Yes, I do. /No, I don’t.
She likes apples. Does she like apples? Yes, she does. /No, she doesn’t.
She went fishing yesterday. Did she went fishing yesterday? Yes, she did. /No, she didn’t.
are. 例子:She is a teacher. They are teachers. You are a
student. I am a teacher. 3.have , has 的选择: 表示某人有某物。单数用has , 复数用have. I ,you 用 have .
例子:I have a pen. She has a pen. They have many pens.
( 二)现在进行时
1.现在进行时表示现在正在进行或发生的动作也 可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进 行的动作。通常带有now, listen, look等时间 词。
2.现在进行时的肯定句基本结构为be+动词ing. 3.现在进行时的否定句在be后加not。 4.现在进行时的一般疑问句把be动词调到句首。 5.现在进行时的特殊疑问的基本结构为: 疑问词+ be + 主语 + 动词ing? 如:What are
policewoman-policewomen, child-children, foot-feet, tooth-teeth ,fish-fish, people-people, sheep-sheep
写出下列各词的复数: tomato___candy____this __month__ watch __child __photo __diary ______ day____ foot____book__dress ______ tooth__sheep __box__ strawberry ____ leaf ____peach__ sandwich __ man____woman____juice___bus__
2. They are doing housework .(分别改成一般疑问句和否 定句)
3.The students are cleaning the classroom . ( 改为否定 句)
4. They went to a park yesterday.( 改一般疑问句并作肯 定和否定回答)
词汇
学生易错词汇:
1. a, an的选择: 用于以元音音素(音标)开头的单词前用an,用于 以辅音音素(音标)开头的单词前用α.
例子:This is a teacher. This is an apple. She is a
university student. 2. am , is , are的选择: 单数用is , 复数用are. I 用 am , you 用
③第一人称要改为第二人称,如:I改为you, my改为your. I am a student. Are you a student? Yes, Iam / No, I’m not.
一般疑问句有个重要的原则就是问和答要一致 ,即问句里的第一个单词(助动词)和简略 答句里的这个词是一致的。
④当句子中出现some时,改为一般疑问句时 ,要改为any。