爱因斯坦简介和英语学习
爱因斯坦简介
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Discuss:
1.What can you learn from Einstein? 2.What would you like to be in thenich 慕尼黑(德国) Zurich 苏黎士(瑞士) Prague布拉格(捷克首都) New Jersey新泽西州(美国) Copley Medal科普利奖章 Royal Society(英)皇家学会 Royal Astronomical Society 皇家天文学会 Library of Congress(美)国会图书馆
4.Main phrases.
8.behave differently表现异常 9.the science of space and time空间与时间科学 10.in addition to=besides 除了…还 11.spread the message of 传播…信息/思想 12.put up for auction公开拍卖 13.give up 放弃 14.nuclear weapons 核武器
) (√ ) ) (√ ) ) (√ )
3.Read and complete.
1879: 1889: 1905 ____: 1909: 1911: 1911 ____: Germany born in ____________. was already reading Maths books _______________________________ awarded a Ph.D. by the University of Zurich became professor of Physics at the University of Zurich ______________________________ worked at the _____________ University Karl-Ferdinand discovered that light behaves differently when it passes near the Sun studied the science of space and time
介绍爱因斯坦的英语作文100字
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介绍爱因斯坦的英语作文100字全文共3篇示例,供读者参考篇1Albert Einstein, a name known to all, was a German-born theoretical physicist who revolutionized our understanding of the world. Born on March 14, 1879, in Ulm, Germany, Einstein showed an early interest in mathematics and physics.Einstein is most famous for his theory of relativity, which revolutionized our understanding of space, time, and gravity. His theory of relativity has had a profound impact on many areas of science, including cosmology, astronomy, and particle physics.In addition to his work on relativity, Einstein also made significant contributions to quantum mechanics, the theory of Brownian motion, and the photoelectric effect. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his work on the photoelectric effect.Einstein was not only a brilliant scientist but also a passionate advocate for peace, human rights, and social justice. He was a vocal critic of nationalism, militarism, and authoritarianism.Einstein's legacy continues to inspire scientists, philosophers, and people around the world. His work has fundamentally changed our understanding of the universe and our place in it. Albert Einstein will always be remembered as one of the greatest minds in human history.篇2Albert Einstein, widely regarded as one of the greatest physicists of all time, was born in 1879 in Ulm, Germany. He is best known for his formula E=mc^2, which describes the relationship between energy and mass.Einstein's early life was full of challenges, as he struggled in school and had difficulty finding employment. However, his passion for physics never wavered, and he eventually gained recognition for his groundbreaking theories on relativity and quantum mechanics.In 1921, Einstein was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on the photoelectric effect. Throughout his life, he continued to make important contributions to the field of theoretical physics, inspiring future generations of scientists.Aside from his scientific achievements, Einstein was also known for his humanitarianism and advocacy for world peace.He was a vocal critic of nationalism and militarism, and used his platform to call for international cooperation and understanding.In conclusion, Albert Einstein's legacy as a scientist, thinker, and advocate for peace continues to inspire people around the world. His contributions to the field of physics have shaped our understanding of the universe, and his humanitarian efforts serve as a reminder of the importance of compassion and empathy in a world often marked by conflict and division.篇3Albert Einstein, a brilliant scientist and physicist, was born in Germany in 1879. He is best known for his theory of relativity, which revolutionized our understanding of space and time.Einstein began his career as a clerk in a patent office, but his passion for physics led him to pursue a PhD and eventually become a professor at the University of Berlin. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921 for his work on the photoelectric effect.One of Einstein's most famous equations is E=mc^2, which describes the relationship between energy and mass. This equation has had a huge impact on the field of physics and is still studied and applied today.Einstein was also a vocal advocate for peace and social justice. He spoke out against racism and militarism, and was actively involved in efforts to promote disarmament and international cooperation.In conclusion, Albert Einstein was a truly remarkable individual who made significant contributions to both science and society. His work continues to inspire and influence generations of scientists and thinkers around the world.。
爱因斯坦的个人简介
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爱因斯坦的个人简介估计大部分的人都认识爱因斯坦,不认识的不用怕,看看他的简历,了解一下吧。
下面是店铺为你整理的爱因斯坦的个人简介,希望对你有用!阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦简介阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦(Albert.Einstein,1879年3月14日-1955年4月18日),犹太裔物理学家。
爱因斯坦1879年出生于德国乌尔姆市的一个犹太人家庭(父母均为犹太人),1900年毕业于苏黎世联邦理工学院,入瑞士国籍。
1905年,获苏黎世大学哲学博士学位,爱因斯坦提出光子假设,成功解释了光电效应,因此获得1921年诺贝尔物理奖,创立狭义相对论。
1915年创立广义相对论。
爱因斯坦为核能开发奠定了理论基础,开创了现代科学技术新纪元,被公认为是继伽利略、牛顿以来最伟大的物理学家。
1999年12月26日,爱因斯坦被美国《时代周刊》评选为“世纪伟人”。
阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦人物经历读书时期1888年(9岁),爱因斯坦入路易波尔德高级中学学习。
在学校受宗教教育,接受受戒仪式,弗里德曼是指导老师。
1889年(10岁),在医科大学生塔尔梅引导下,读通俗科学读物和哲学著作。
1891年(12岁),自学欧几里德几何,感到狂热的喜爱,同时开始自学高等数学。
1892年(13岁),开始读康德的著作。
1894年(15岁),爱因斯坦一家人移居意大利。
1895年(16岁),自学完微积分。
同年,爱因斯坦在瑞士理工学院的入学考试失败。
爱因斯坦开始思考当一个人以光速运动时会看到什么现象。
对经典理论的内在矛盾产生困惑。
1896年(17岁),获阿劳中学毕业证书。
10月29日,爱因斯坦迁居苏黎世并在瑞士理工学院就读。
1899年10月19日(20岁),爱因斯坦正式申请瑞士公民权。
1900年8月(21岁),爱因斯坦毕业于苏黎世联邦工业大学;12月完成论文《由毛细管现象得到的推论》,次年发表在莱比锡《物理学杂志》上并入瑞士籍。
1901年3月21日(22岁),取得瑞士国籍。
爱因斯坦简介
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爱因斯坦简介爱因斯坦简介(一):阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦AlbertEinstein(АльбертЕйнштейн),出生在德国的一个犹太人家庭。
世界十大杰出物理学家之一,现代物理学的开山鼻祖、集大成者和奠基人,同时也是一位著名的思想家和哲学家。
爱因斯坦1900年毕业于苏黎世联邦理工学院,入瑞士国籍(原德国人)。
1905年获苏黎世大学哲学博士学位。
曾在伯尔尼专利局任职,在苏黎世工业大学、布拉格德意志担任大学教授。
1913年返德国,任柏林威廉皇帝物理研究所所长和柏林洪堡大学教授,并当选为普鲁士皇家科学院院士。
1933年爱因斯坦在英国期间,被格拉斯哥大学授予荣誉法学博士学位(LL。
D)。
因受纳粹政权迫害,迁居美国,任普林斯顿高级研究所(InstituteforAdvancedStudy)教授。
从事理论物理研究,1940年入美国国籍。
爱因斯坦简介(二):阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦(德语:AlbertEinstein)是著名的德国犹太裔理论物理学家、思想家及哲学家。
[2]正因“对理论物理的贡献,个性是发现了光电效应”而获得1921年诺贝尔物理学奖,现代物理学的开创者、奠基人,相对论——“质能关联”的创立者,“决定论量子力学诠释”的捍卫者(振动的粒子)——不掷骰子的上帝。
他创立了代表现代科学的相对论,为核能开发奠定了理论基础,在现代科学技术和他的深刻影响下与广泛应用等方面开创了现代科学新纪元,被公认为是自伽利略、牛顿以来最伟大的科学家、物理学家。
1999年(己卯年)12月26日,爱因斯坦被美国《时代周刊》评选为“世纪伟人”。
爱因斯坦简介(三):爱因斯坦简介阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦(Albert.Einstein)(1879-1955),美籍德国犹太人。
1921年诺贝尔物理学奖获得者。
他创立了代表现代科学的相对论,并为核能开发奠定了理论基础,在现代科学技术和它的深刻影响及广泛应用方面开创了现代科学新纪元,被公认为自伽利略、牛顿以来最伟大的科学家、思想家。
爱因斯坦事迹简介
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爱因斯坦事迹简介(经典版)编制人:__________________审核人:__________________审批人:__________________编制单位:__________________编制时间:____年____月____日序言下载提示:该文档是本店铺精心编制而成的,希望大家下载后,能够帮助大家解决实际问题。
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爱因斯坦简介
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阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦Albert Einstein (Альберт Ейнштейн),出生在德国的一个犹太人家庭里。
是世界十大杰出物理学家之一,现代物理学的创始人、集大成者和奠基人,著名思想家和哲学家。
爱因斯坦1900年毕业于苏黎世联邦理工学院,入瑞士国籍(原籍德国)。
1905年获苏黎世大学哲学博士学位。
曾在伯尔尼专利局任职,在苏黎世工业大学担任大学教授。
1913年返德国,任柏林威廉皇帝物理研究所所长和柏林洪堡大学教授,并当选为普鲁士皇家科学院院士。
1933年爱因斯坦在英国期间,被格拉斯哥大学授予荣誉法学博士学位(LL.D)。
因为受到纳粹政权以及希特勒的迫害,逃亡到美利坚合众国,担任普林斯顿高等研究所(Institute for Advanced Study)教授,从事理论物理研究工作,1940年加入美国国籍。
爱因斯坦英文简介(配中文)
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爱因斯坦英文简介(配中文)
阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦(Albert Einstein)是一位著名的物理学家,他的相对论对现代物理学产生了深远的影响。
以下是一个简短的爱因斯坦英文简介,并配有中文翻译:
Albert Einstein was a German-born physicist who developed the theory of relativity and made numerous other significant contributions to physics. His work revolutionized our understanding of space, time, and gravity, and had a profound impact on the development of modern science and technology.Einstein is widely regarded as one of the greatest physicists of all time, and his name is synonymous with intellectual brilliance and scientific innovation.
阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦是一位出生于德国的物理学家,他发展了相对论,并对物理学做出了许多其他重要贡献。
他的工作彻底改变了我们对空间、时间和引力的理解,对现代科学技术的发展产生了深远的影响。
爱因斯坦被广泛认为是有史以来最伟大的物理学家之一,他的名字成为了智慧和科学创新的代名词。
AlbertEinstein英文简介
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Albert Einstein英文简介阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦,犹太裔物理学家,为核能开发奠定了理论基础,开创了现代科学技术新纪元,下面是店铺为你整理的Albert Einstein英文简介,希望对你有用!阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦简介Albert Einstein (Albert Einstein, on March 14, 1879 - April 18, 1955), the jewsphysicists。
Albert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879Ulm,The city of aThe jewsFamilies (parents are jewish), in 1900 graduated from the schoolThe federal institute of technology in Zurich, into theThe SwissNationality.In 1905,The university of ZurichPh.D.Degree, Einstein was put forwardThe photonAssumptions, explains the successThe photoelectric effectSo in 1921The Nobel Prize for physics, the creation ofSpecial theory of relativity.Founded in 1915General theory of relativity。
Einstein asNuclear energyThus laid a foundation for the development, ushered in a new era of modern science and technology, is acknowledged as the followingGalileo、NewtonSince one of the greatestphysicists.On December 26, 1999, Einstein is the United States"Time magazineFor the"The great man”。
爱因斯坦英语介绍80词左右
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爱因斯坦英语介绍80词左右Albert Einstein was one of the most influential physicists of the 20th century. His groundbreaking theories revolutionized our understanding of the universe.爱因斯坦是20世纪最具影响力的物理学家之一。
他的开创性理论彻底改变了我们对宇宙的认识。
Born in Germany in 1879, Einstein developed the theory of relativity, which describes how gravity works in the universe. This theory laid the foundation for many significant scientific advancements.爱因斯坦于1879年出生在德国,他发展出了相对论理论,描述了引力在宇宙中的运作方式。
这一理论奠定了许多重要的科学进步的基础。
In addition to his work in physics, Einstein was also a passionate advocate for peace and social justice. He spoke out against war and violence, and championed the cause of human rights.除了在物理学领域的工作外,爱因斯坦还是和平与社会正义的热情倡导者。
他公开反对战争和暴力,并支持人权事业。
Einstein's intellect and creativity continue to inspire scientists and thinkers around the world. His legacy serves as a reminder of the power of human imagination and the importance of pursuing knowledge for the betterment of society.爱因斯坦的才智和创造力继续激励着世界各地的科学家和思想家。
用英语介绍爱因斯坦
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Einstein’s theory of general relativity, published in 1915, expanded on his earlier work and provided a new understanding of gravity. The theory proposed that massive objects cause a distortion in space-time, which we perceive as gravity. This not only revolutionized our understanding of the universe, but it also made Einstein a global celebrity. In 1921, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics for his work on the photoelectric effect, rather than his work on relativity, which was still considered controversial by many in the scientific community.
爱因斯坦简介
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爱因斯坦简介爱因斯坦简介(一):阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦AlbertEinstein(АльбертЕйнштейн),出生在德国的一个犹太人家庭。
世界十大杰出物理学家之一,现代物理学的开山鼻祖、集大成者和奠基人,同时也是一位著名的思想家和哲学家。
爱因斯坦1900年毕业于苏黎世联邦理工学院,入瑞士国籍(原德国人)。
1905年获苏黎世大学哲学博士学位。
曾在伯尔尼专利局任职,在苏黎世工业大学、布拉格德意志担任大学教授。
1913年返德国,任柏林威廉皇帝物理研究所所长和柏林洪堡大学教授,并当选为普鲁士皇家科学院院士。
1933年爱因斯坦在英国期间,被格拉斯哥大学授予荣誉法学博士学位(LL。
D)。
因受纳粹政权迫害,迁居美国,任普林斯顿高级研究所(InstituteforAdvancedStudy)教授。
从事理论物理研究,1940年入美国国籍。
爱因斯坦简介(二):阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦(德语:AlbertEinstein)是著名的德国犹太裔理论物理学家、思想家及哲学家。
[2]正因“对理论物理的贡献,个性是发现了光电效应”而获得1921年诺贝尔物理学奖,现代物理学的开创者、奠基人,相对论——“质能关联”的创立者,“决定论量子力学诠释”的捍卫者(振动的粒子)——不掷骰子的上帝。
他创立了代表现代科学的相对论,为核能开发奠定了理论基础,在现代科学技术和他的深刻影响下与广泛应用等方面开创了现代科学新纪元,被公认为是自伽利略、牛顿以来最伟大的科学家、物理学家。
1999年(己卯年)12月26日,爱因斯坦被美国《时代周刊》评选为“世纪伟人”。
爱因斯坦简介(三):爱因斯坦简介阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦(Albert.Einstein)(1879-1955),美籍德国犹太人。
1921年诺贝尔物理学奖获得者。
他创立了代表现代科学的相对论,并为核能开发奠定了理论基础,在现代科学技术和它的深刻影响及广泛应用方面开创了现代科学新纪元,被公认为自伽利略、牛顿以来最伟大的科学家、思想家。
冀教版英语九年级_人物介绍:爱因斯坦
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人物介绍:爱因斯坦早期工作1900年,爱因斯坦从苏黎世工业大学毕业。
由于他对某些功课不热心,以及对老师态度冷漠,被拒绝留校。
他找不到工作,靠做家庭教师和代课教师过活。
在失业一年半以后,关心并了解他才能的同学马塞尔·格罗斯曼向他伸出了援助的手。
格罗斯曼设法说服自己的父亲把爱因斯坦介绍到瑞士专利局去作一个技术员。
爱因斯坦终身感谢格罗斯曼对他的帮助。
在悼念格罗斯曼的信中,他谈到这件事时说,当他大学毕业时,“突然被一切人抛弃,一筹莫展的面对人生。
他帮助了我,通过他和他的父亲,我后来才到了哈勒(时任瑞士专利局局长)那里,进了专利局。
这有点像救命之恩,没有他我大概不致于饿死,但精神会颓唐起来。
”1902年2月21日,爱因斯坦取得了瑞士国籍,并迁居伯尔尼,等待专利局的招聘。
1902年6月23日,爱因斯坦正式受聘于专利局,任三级技术员,工作职责是审核申请专利权的各种技术发明创造。
1903年,他与大学同学米列娃·玛丽克结婚。
1900年-1904年,爱因斯坦每年都写出一篇论文,发表于德国《物理学杂志》。
头两篇是关于液体表面和电解的热力学,企图给化学以力学的基础,以后发现此路不通,转而研究热力学的力学基础。
1901年提出统计力学的一些基本理论,1902年-1904年间的三篇论文都属于这一领域。
1904年的论文认真探讨了统计力学所预测的涨落现象,发现能量涨落取决于玻尔兹曼常数。
它不仅把这一结果用于力学体系和热现象,而且大胆地用于辐射现象,得出辐射能涨落的公式,从而导出维恩位移定律。
涨落现象的研究,使他于1905年在辐射理论和分子运动论两方面同时做出重大突破。
1905年的奇迹1905年,爱因斯坦在科学史上创造了一个史无前例奇迹。
这一年他写了六篇论文,在3月到9月这半年中,利用在专利局每天八小时工作以外的业余时间,在三个领域做出了四个有划时代意义的贡献,他发表了关于光量子说、分子大小测定法、布朗运动理论和狭义相对论这四篇重要论文。
Albert_Einstein英文简介
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有一次,一个美国记者问爱因斯坦关于他成功 的秘诀。他回答:“早在1901年,我还是二 十二岁的青年时,我已经发现了成功的公式。 我可以把这公式的秘密告诉你,那就是 A=X+Y+Z! A就是成功,X就是正确的方法, Y是努力工作,Z是少说废话!这公式对我有 用,我想对许多人也一样有用。”
Einstein's famous sayings
Brief Introduction
Einstein was born in Germany in 1879.He was a world famous physicist, the greatest natural scientist of the twentieth Century and the flagman of the physics revolution. He won the 1921 Nobel Prize in physics. 爱因斯坦(1879-1955): 生于德国,是世界著名的物 理学家,20世纪最伟大的自 然科学家,物理学革命的旗 手。获1921年诺贝尔物理奖。
爱因斯坦场方程
VII. 玻色-爱因斯坦统计
Once, an American reporter asked Einstein about his secret of success. He replied: "Back in 1901, I was twenty-two -year-old, I found a successful formula. I can tell you this secret formula, that is A = X + Y + Z! A is a success , X is the right way, Y is hard work, Z is to talk nonsense less! I think this formula is as useful to me as to many people. "
介绍爱因斯坦英语作文
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介绍爱因斯坦英语作文Introduction to Albert Einstein。
Albert Einstein is widely regarded as one of the most influential scientists of the 20th century. He is best known for his theory of relativity and his famous equation, E=mc², which describes the relationship between mass and energy. But Einstein was much more than just a physicist. He was also a philosopher, a humanitarian, and a political activist.Early Life。
Einstein was born in Ulm, Germany, in 1879. His family was Jewish, but they were not very religious. Einstein showed an early interest in science and mathematics, and he was a top student in his school. However, he did not get along well with his teachers and often clashed with them.In 1896, Einstein's family moved to Switzerland, and heenrolled in the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich. He graduated in 1900 with a degree in physics.Career。
爱因斯坦英语介绍50字
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爱因斯坦英语介绍1Albert Einstein was one of the most brilliant scientists in history. Born in 1879, he showed an early interest in science and mathematics. His life was a journey of intellectual exploration and revolutionary discoveries.Einstein's greatest achievement was the formulation of the theory of relativity. This theory completely changed our understanding of space, time, and gravity. The process of proposing this theory was not easy. It required years of intense thought, experimentation, and the courage to challenge conventional wisdom. He persisted in his research despite facing numerous obstacles and skepticism from the scientific community.Einstein's work had a profound impact on the world. It not only advanced theoretical physics but also had practical applications in areas such as satellite navigation and nuclear energy. His ideas continue to inspire scientists to this day.Beyond his scientific contributions, Einstein was also known for his philosophical and humanitarian thoughts. He was a passionate advocate for peace and social justice.In conclusion, Albert Einstein's life and work serve as an inspiration to us all. His dedication to truth, his pursuit of knowledge, and his concern for humanity make him a true icon of the modern age.2Albert Einstein was one of the most brilliant minds in the history of science. Born in 1879, he was not your typical child. His curiosity and passion for understanding the world around him set him apart from the very beginning.Einstein's unique way of thinking often led him to question conventional wisdom. For instance, when he was a young student, he wasn't always the best in traditional academic settings, but his mind was constantly working in ways that others couldn't fathom. This unconventional approach to learning and problem-solving eventually led to his groundbreaking theories of relativity.One of the most fascinating aspects of Einstein was his ability to imagine complex scenarios in his mind. He once said, "Imagination is more important than knowledge." This statement reflects his belief that the power of creativity and thinking outside the box was key to unlocking the mysteries of the universe.His theories not only revolutionized the field of physics but also inspired countless scientists and thinkers after him. His work showed that sometimes, going against the grain and challenging established beliefs can lead to astonishing discoveries.In his personal life, Einstein was known for his simplicity and sense of humor. He had a laid-back attitude and wasn't concerned with materialpossessions or social conventions.Overall, Einstein's charm and wisdom lie in his unwavering pursuit of truth, his unconventional thinking, and his ability to inspire generations to look beyond the surface and explore the unknown.3Albert Einstein was one of the most brilliant scientists in history. His theories have had a profound impact on our understanding of the universe.Einstein's theory of relativity is perhaps his most famous contribution. It completely changed the way we think about space and time. The theory includes the famous equation E=mc², which states that energy and mass are interchangeable. This equation has had significant practical applications, especially in the field of nuclear energy.For instance, in nuclear power plants, the principle of converting a small amount of mass into a large amount of energy based on the equation is utilized to generate electricity. This has provided a powerful and relatively clean source of energy, although it also comes with certain risks and challenges.Einstein's work also influenced our understanding of gravitational forces and the behavior of celestial objects. His theories have helped us make predictions and observations about the universe that were previously unimaginable.In conclusion, Einstein's scientific theories not only expanded ourknowledge but also paved the way for many technological advancements and new discoveries. His genius and dedication to science continue to inspire countless scientists and thinkers around the world.4Albert Einstein is one of the most remarkable figures in the history of science and human thought. His contributions have had an immeasurable impact on our understanding of the universe and the way we view the world.Einstein's theory of relativity revolutionized our perception of space and time. It not only provided a new framework for understanding the behavior of celestial bodies but also had profound implications for modern physics. His ideas challenged conventional wisdom and opened up new avenues of exploration.His work also had a significant influence on technological advancements. For instance, it laid the foundation for the development of nuclear energy and the GPS system that we rely on today. Without Einstein's theories, our technological landscape would be vastly different.Furthermore, Einstein's intellectual curiosity and pursuit of truth inspired countless scientists and thinkers. His insistence on questioning established beliefs and seeking deeper understanding encouraged a spirit of innovation and exploration.In addition to his scientific achievements, Einstein was a passionate advocate for peace and social justice. He used his fame and influence tospeak out against war and injustice, emphasizing the importance of human values and the need for a more equitable world.In conclusion, Albert Einstein's influence extends far beyond the realm of science. His ideas have shaped our modern world and will continue to inspire future generations to strive for knowledge and a better understanding of the universe and humanity.5Albert Einstein is widely regarded as one of the most brilliant scientists of all time. His contributions to the field of physics have not only revolutionized our understanding of the universe but also sparked profound philosophical inquiries.Einstein's theory of relativity, particularly his ideas about time and space, challenged conventional wisdom and forced us to reconsider our fundamental concepts of reality. He proposed that time and space are not absolute but are relative and intertwined, a notion that has profound implications for our perception of the world.For instance, his famous thought experiment about a person traveling at the speed of light and experiencing time dilation demonstrates the complexity and malleability of time. This concept goes beyond the realm of pure science and prompts us to question the nature of existence and our place in the cosmic order.Einstein's work also highlights the importance of imagination andcreativity in the pursuit of scientific knowledge. He was not bound by traditional paradigms but was willing to think outside the box and envision possibilities that others had overlooked.In conclusion, Einstein's scientific achievements not only expanded our knowledge of the physical world but also invited us to reflect on the deeper philosophical questions that underlie our understanding of reality. His legacy continues to inspire and challenge us to think critically and explore the unknown.。
爱因斯坦的简介英文
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爱因斯坦的简介英文阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦,犹太裔物理学家,被公认为是继伽利略、牛顿以来最伟大的物理学家,下面是店铺为你整理的爱因斯坦的简介英文,希望对你有用!阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦简介Albert Einstein (Albert.Einstein, March 14, 1879 - April 18, 1955), Jewish physicist.Einstein was born in 1891 in Ulm, Germany, a Jewish family (parents are Jews), 1900 graduated from the Zurich Federal Institute of Technology, into the Swiss nationality. In 1905, by the University of Zurich Ph.D., Einstein proposed photon hypothesis, successfully explained the photoelectric effect, so won the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics, the creation of special relativity. In 1915 founded the general theory of relativity.Einstein laid the theoretical foundation for nuclear energy development, creating a new era of modern science and technology, is recognized as Galileo, Newton since the greatest physicist. December 26, 1999, Einstein was the United States, "Time magazine" named "century great man".阿尔伯特·爱因斯坦主要成就relativityThe creation of special relativity:As early as the age of 16, Einstein learned from the book that the light is moving rapidly with the speed of electromagnetic waves, linked to this, he would like to explore the so-called ether with the light of the problem. The name of the ether comes from Greece, to represent the basic elements that make up the objects of heaven. The 17th century Descartes and the subsequent Christian Huygens pioneered and developed the theory of ether,that the ether is the medium of light propagation, it is full of space, including vacuum, and can penetrate into the material. Unlike ether, Newton made the light particles say. Newton believes that the luminous body is emitted by a linear motion of particles of particles flow, particle flow impact of the retina caused vision. 18th century Newton's particles said the upper hand, the 19th century, it is volatile that accounted for an absolute advantage. The theory of ether is also greatly developed: the wave of the need for media transmission, light in the vacuum is the transmission of the media, also known as light ether. At the same time, the electromagnetism has been flourishing, through the Maxwell, Hertz and others efforts to form a mature electromagnetic phenomenon dynamics theory - electrodynamics, and from the theory and practice to prove that the light is a certain frequency range of electromagnetic waves , Thus unifying the wave theory of light and electromagnetic theory. The ether is not only the carrier of the light, but also the carrier of the electromagnetic field. Until the end of the nineteenth century, people tried to find the ether, but never found in the experiment ether, on the contrary, Michelson Morey experiment found that the ether is unlikely to exist.The development of electromagnetism was originally incorporated into the framework of Newtonian mechanics, but in interpreting the electromagnetic process of moving objects it was found that the relativity principle followed by Newtonian mechanics was inconsistent. According to Maxwell's theory, the velocity of electromagnetic waves in vacuum, that is, the speed of light is constant; however, according to Newton's method of velocity addition, the speed of light of different inertial lines is different. For example, two cars, one approaching to you, oneaway. You see the lights of the front car close to you, after a car light away. According to Galileo theory, the car coming to you will emit light with a speed greater than c (vacuum light velocity 3.0x10 ^ 8m / s), that is, the speed of the light in front of the vehicle = speed of light + speed; and the speed of light from the vehicle is less than The speed of the rear car light = speed of light - speed. But according to the speed of the two light the same, because in Maxwell's theory, the speed of the car does not affect the spread of light, that white regardless of how the car, the speed of light is equal to c. Maxwell and Galileo on the speed of the argument is clearly contrary!Einstein seems to be the one who will build a new physics building. Einstein carefully studied Maxwell's theory of electromagnetism, especially through the development and elaboration of electrodynamics by Hertz and Lorentz. Einstein firmly believes that the electromagnetic theory is completely correct, but there is a problem that makes him uneasy, this is the absolute reference to the presence of the ether. He read many of the works found that everyone tried to prove that the existence of the ether test is a failure. After studying Einstein found that, in addition to the absolute reference system and the electromagnetic field of the load, the ether in the Lorentz theory has no practical significance.Einstein loves to read philosophical works and absorb thought and nutrition from philosophy, and he believes in the unity and logical coherence of the world. The suspicion of the general validity of the causal law at David Hume in the Olympia Academy of Sciences has had an impact on Einstein. The principle of relativity has been widely proved in mechanics, but can not be established in electrodynamics, for the two theoretical systemsof physics in the logical inconsistency, Einstein raised doubts. In his view, the principle of relativity should be generally established, so the electromagnetic theory for each inertial system should have the same form, but here there is the problem of speed of light. Whether the speed of light is constant or variable, becomes the primary problem of whether the principle of relativity is universally established. At that time the physicists generally believed in the ether, that is, believe that there is an absolute reference system, which is affected by the concept of Newton's absolute space. At the end of the nineteenth century, Mach in the "development of mechanics", criticized the Newton's absolute view of time and space, which gave Einstein left a deep impression. One day in May 1905, Einstein and a friend Besso discussed this issue has been explored for ten years, Bezuo in accordance with the Marxist point of view to elaborate their views, the two discussed for a long time. Suddenly, Einstein realized what, back home after repeated thinking, and finally want to understand the problem. The next day, he came to the Peso family, said: Thank you, my problem solved. The original Einstein wanted to clear one thing: there is no absolute definition of time, time and the speed of the optical signal has an inseparable link. He found the key to unlock, after five weeks of hard work, Einstein to the special theory of relativity in front of people.June 30, 1905, the German "Yearbook of Physics" accepted the Einstein's paper "on the dynamic of electromagnetism", published in the same year in September issue. This paper is the first article on the theory of special relativity, which contains the basic idea and basic content of the special theory of relativity. The special theory of relativity is based on two principles: theprinciple of relativity and the principle of constant speed of light. Einstein's solution to the problem is that he believes in the principle of relativity. Galileo first clarified the idea of relativity, but he did not give a clear definition of time and space. Newton also established the relativity of the mechanical system, but defined the absolute space, absolute time and absolute movement, in this issue he is contradictory. And Einstein greatly developed the principle of relativity, in his view, there is no absolute static space, the same does not exist absolutely the same time, all the time and space are associated with the movement of the object together. For any frame of reference and coordinate system, there is only space and time belonging to this frame of reference and coordinate system.For all the inertial system, the use of the reference system of space and time to express the physical laws, their form is the same, this is the principle of relativity, strictly speaking, the principle of relativity in the narrow sense. In this article, Einstein did not discuss the constant speed of light as a basis for the basic principle, he proposed the same speed of light is a bold assumption, from the electromagnetic theory and the principle of relativity requirements put forward. This article is the result of Einstein's thinking about the issue of etherics and electrodynamics over the years. He has established a new time and space theory from the point of view of the relativity of the same time, and on the basis of the new space-time theory Electromynamics in a complete form, the ether is no longer necessary, the ether raft is not there.What is the reciprocity of the simultaneous? The two events in different places How can we know that it is happening at the same time? In general, we will confirm by signal. In order to knowthe simultaneity of the off-site events we have to know the speed of signal transmission, but how to measure this speed? We must measure the space distance between the two places and the time required for signal transmission, space distance measurement is very simple, The trouble is to measure the time, we must assume that each of the two has a good clock, from the two clocks of the reading can know the time of signal transmission. But how do we know the clocks in different places? The answer is that there is a need for a signal. If the signal in accordance with the previous ideas, it needs a new signal, so infinite back, off-site at the same time can not actually confirm. But one thing is clear, at the same time will be associated with a signal, or we say that these two things happen at the same time is meaningless.The optical signal may be the most appropriate signal for the clock, but the speed of light is not infinite, thus producing a novel conclusion, for the stationary observer at the same time two things, for the movement of the observer is not the same time. We envision a high-speed train that runs at speeds close to the speed of light. When the train passes through the platform, A stands on the platform, two lightning strokes in front of the eye, one at the front of the train, one at the back, and at the ends of the train and the corresponding parts of the platform, The distance between the two ends of the train is equal, the conclusion is that A is also seen two lightning. So for A, the two received optical signals propagate the same distance at the same time interval and arrive at the same time, both of which must occur at the same time, and they are simultaneous. But for the middle of the train inside the B, the situation is different, because B and high-speed train running together, so he will first intercept the front of the signal forwarded to him, and then received fromthe back of the optical signal. For the second thing, the two events are different. In other words, the simultaneity is not absolute, but depends on the observer's movement. This conclusion negates the absolute time and absolute spatial framework that is based on Newtonian mechanics.Relativity holds that the speed of light does not change in all inertial reference frames, it is the maximum velocity of the object movement. Due to the relativistic effect, the length of the moving object becomes shorter and the time of the moving object expands. But because of the problems encountered in daily life, the movement speed is very low (compared with the speed of light), do not see the relativistic effect.Einstein established the theory of relativity on the basis of the radical change of space and time, and pointed out that the quality increases with the increase of speed, and when the speed is close to the speed of light, the quality tends to infinity. He also gives the famous qualitative relationship: E = mc ^ 2, the qualitative relationship has played a guiding role in the later development of the atomic energy industry.The establishment of general relativity:In 1905, Einstein published the first article on the theory of special relativity (ie, "the dynamics of the dynamics"), and did not immediately aroused great repercussions. But the German physicist, Planck, took note of his essay that Einstein's work was comparable to that of Copernicus, and that relativity quickly became a subject of research and discussion, Einstein has also received the attention of academia.In 1907, Einstein listened to the proposal of the friend, submitted the famous paper to apply for the Federal University of the lecturer posts, but the answer is the paper can notunderstand. Although in the German physics Albert Einstein has been very famous, but in Switzerland, he was not a university faculty, many prestigious people began to injure him, in 1908, Einstein finally got the lecturer Of the post, and in the second year when the associate professor. In 1912, Einstein became a professor, in 1913, at the invitation of Planck as the newly established director of the Institute of Physics and the University of Berlin professor.During this period, Einstein, in considering the promotion of the relativity that had been established, had two questions that made him uneasy. The first is the gravitational problem, the special theory of relativity for mechanics, thermodynamics and electrodynamics of the physical law is correct, but it can not explain the gravitational problem. Newton's gravitational theory is superfluous, and the gravitational force between the two objects is transmitted instantaneously, that is, at an infinite velocity, which is contrary to the view of the relativistic field and the limit of the speed of light. The second is the problem of non-inertia, the special theory of relativity and the previous physical laws, are only applicable to the inertial system. But in fact it is difficult to find the real inertia. Logically, all natural laws should not be confined to the inertial system, must be considered non-inertial system. Narrative relativity is difficult to explain the so-called twins paradox, the paradox is that there is a pair of twin brothers, brother in the spacecraft near the speed of light to do cosmic voyage, according to the relativistic effect, high-speed movement of the clock slow, Come back, my brother has become very old, because the earth has gone through for decades. In accordance with the principle of relativity, spacecraft relative to the Earth's high-speed movement, the Earth is also high-speedmovement relative to the spacecraft, brother to see his brother become young, brother to see his brother should be young. This question simply can not answer. In fact, the narrow sense of relativity only deal with uniform linear motion, and brother to come back must go through a variable speed movement process, which is relativistic can not handle. Einstein is continuing to do the general theory of relativity when people are busy comprehending relatively specific relativity.In 1907, Einstein wrote a long article on the theory of relativity and the resulting conclusions on the theory of relativity, in which Einstein first mentioned the principle of equivalence, and since then, Einstein The idea of equivalence is evolving. Based on the natural law of inertial mass and gravitational mass as the basis of the equivalent principle, it is proposed that the uniform gravitational field in the infinite small volume can replace the reference frame of accelerating motion. Einstein and put forward a closed box saying: in a closed box of the observer, no matter what method can not determine whether he is still in a gravitational field, or in the absence of gravitational field in the space for accelerated movement , Which is the most commonly used to explain the principle of equivalence, and inertia quality and gravitational quality is equivalent to the principle of a natural reasoning.In November 1915, Einstein presented four papers to the Prussian Academy of Sciences. In these four papers, he proposed a new view of Mercury's recent point of advance and given the correct gravitational field equation. At this point, the basic problems of general relativity are solved, the general theory of relativity was born. In 1916, Einstein completed the long thesis "the basis of general theory of relativity", in this article, Einsteinfirst applied to the inertial system of relativity known as the special theory of relativity, will only for the inertial system of the same laws The principle is called the principle of narrow relativity, and further expresses the principle of general relativity: the law of physics must be established for any way in which the system of motion is established.Einstein's general theory of relativity holds that, due to the existence of matter, space and time will bend, and the gravitational field is actually a curved time and space. Einstein's theory of using the sun's gravity to bend the space is a good explanation for the 43 seconds that Mercury has been unable to explain in the past. The second largest predictor of general relativity is gravitational redshift, that is, in the strong gravitational field to the red side of the movement, 20 years, astronomers in astronomical observations confirmed this point. The third largest predictor of general relativity is that the gravitational field deflects the light and the gravitational field closest to the earth is the sun's gravitational field. Einstein predicted that distant stars would have a seven-second deflection if they swept through the sun. In 1919, under the encouragement of British astronomer Eddington, the British sent two expeditions to observe the total solar eclipse in two places. After careful study, the final conclusion was that the starlight did occur in the vicinity of the sun Seconds of deflection. The Royal Society and the Royal Astronomical Society officially read the observation report and confirm that the conclusion of general relativity is correct. "This is the most significant achievement of the theory of gravitation since the Newton era," said Einstein's theory of relativity, the greatest achievement of human thought, "said the famous physicist and president of the Royal Society,one". Einstein became a journalist, he wrote in 1916 a popular theory of relativity, "narrow and general theory of relativity", to 1922 has been republished 40 times, was translated into a dozen languages, widely spread.Relativistic significance:Since the establishment of the special theory of relativity and general relativity, it has been a long time, it has withstood the test of practice and history, is widely recognized as the truth. Relativity has a great influence on the development of modern physics and the development of modern human thought. Relativity from the logical thinking of the unity of the classical physics, so that the classic physics to become a perfect scientific system. On the basis of the theory of special relativity, the theory of relativity of the special relativity of Newtonian mechanics and Maxwell's electrodynamics system is unified. It is pointed out that they are obeying the principle of relativity and relativity, which is the covariance of Lorentz transformation. Newtonian mechanics is only a matter of low- A good approximation of law. On the basis of the generalized covariance, on the basis of the generalized covariance, the relationship between the local inertia length and the universal reference coefficient is established by the equivalent principle. The generalized covariant form of all physical laws is obtained, and the gravitational force Theory, and Newton gravitational theory is only its first approximation. This is fundamentally resolved before the physics is limited to the problem of inertia, from the logic to get a reasonable arrangement. Relativity examines the basic concepts of physics, time, space, material and movement, and gives a scientific and systematic view of time and space and material view, so that physics can become a perfect scientific system in logic.The special relativity gives the law of motion of the object under high speed motion, and suggests that the quality and energy are equivalent, and the qualitative relationship is given. These two outcomes are not obvious for low-speed macro objects, but in the study of microscopic particles showed extreme importance. Because the speed of micro-particles are generally faster, some close to even reach the speed of light, so the physics of particles can not be separated from the theory of relativity. The qualitative relationship not only creates the necessary conditions for the establishment and development of quantum theory, but also provides the basis for the development and application of nuclear physics.For Einstein's introduction of these new concepts, most of the physicists on earth, including the relativistic transformation of the founder of Lorentz, are unacceptable. Some people even said, "At that time the world only two and a half people understand the theory of relativity." The old method of thinking obstacles, so that this new physical theory until a generation after the majority of physicists are familiar with, even the Swedish Royal Academy of Sciences, in 1922 the Nobel Prize in Physics awarded to Einstein, only said "Because of his contribution to theoretical physics, but also because he found the law of the photoelectric effect." Einstein's Nobel Prize in physics awards even for Einstein's theory of relativity did not mention (Note: Relativity has not won the Nobel Prize, an important reason is the lack of a lot of facts to verify.)Photoelectric effectIn 1905, Einstein proposed photon hypothesis, successfully explained the photoelectric effect, so won the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics.Light is irradiated onto the metal, causing the electrical properties of the material to change. This phenomenon of light transmission is called the photoelectric effect (Photoelectric effect).Photoelectric effect is divided into photoelectron emission, photoconductive effect and photovoltage effect. The former phenomenon occurs on the surface of the object, also known as external photoelectric effect. The latter two phenomena occur within the object, known as the photoelectric effect.Hertz discovered the photoelectric effect in 1887, and Einstein first succeeded in explaining the photoelectric effect (the effect that the metal surface emits electrons under the action of light, the electrons emitted are called photoelectrons). When the wavelength of light is less than a certain critical value, it can emit electrons, that is, the limit wavelength, and the frequency of the corresponding light is called the limit frequency. The critical value depends on the metal material, and the energy of the emitted electrons depends on the wavelength of the light and has nothing to do with the light intensity, which can not be explained by the fluctuation of light. There is also a contradiction with the volatility of light, that is, the instantaneous nature of the photoelectric effect, according to volatility theory, if the incident light is weak, the irradiation time is longer, the metal can accumulate enough energy, fly out of metal surface. The fact is that as long as the frequency of light is higher than the limit frequency of the metal, the brightness of the light, whether strong or weak, is almost instantaneous, and no more than ten negative nine. The correct explanation is that the light must be composed of a strictly defined energy unit (ie, photon or photon) associated with the wavelength.Photoelectric effect, the electron direction of the injection is not completely directional, but most are perpendicular to the metal surface, and the direction of light has nothing to do, just electromagnetic waves, but just high frequency oscillation of the orthogonal electromagnetic field, the amplitude is small, Electron emission direction.Conservation of energyE = mc ², material immortal law, that is the quality of the material immortal; energy conservation law, that is the material energy conservation.Although these two great laws have been discovered, but people think that this is the two irrelevant laws, each of the different laws of nature. Even some people think that material immortality is a law of chemistry, the law of conservation of energy is a physical law, they belong to different areas of science.Einstein believes that the quality of matter is a measure of inertia, energy is a measure of movement; energy and quality are not isolated from each other, but interrelated, inseparable. Changes in the quality of the object, will make the corresponding changes in energy; and changes in the energy of the object, but also the quality of the corresponding changes.In the special theory of relativity, Einstein put forward the famous qualitative formula: E = mc ^ 2 (where E represents energy, m represents how much quality, c represents the speed of light, the approximate value of 3 × 10 ^ 8m / s, which Indicating that energy can be created with reduced quality).Einstein's qualitative relationship formula, correctly explained the various nuclear reactions: take helium 4 (He4), its nuclei are composed of two protons and two neutrons. The quality of the helium 4 nucleus is equal to the sum of two protonsand two neutron masses. In fact, this arithmetic is not established, the quality of helium nuclei than two protons, two neutron masses and the sum of 0.0302u (atomic mass units)! Why is this? Because when the two deuterons (each deuterium Nucleus contains one proton, one neutron) is aggregated into a helium 4 nucleus, the release of a large number of atomic energy. When generating 1 g of helium 4 atoms, about 2.7 x 10 ^ 12 Joules of atomic energy are released. Because of this, the quality of the helium 4 nucleus is reduced.This example vividly shows that when two deuterium nuclei are polymerized into one helium-4 nucleus, it seems that the mass is not conserved, that is, the mass of the helium-4 nuclei is not equal to the sum of the two deuteron masses. However, with the mass-energy relationship formula, the loss of helium 4 nuclei is exactly the same as the mass that is reduced by the release of atomic energy during the reaction.Einstein from the height of the update, clarified the material immortality law and the law of the law of conservation of energy, pointed out that the close relationship between the two laws, so that human understanding of nature and a step further.Cosmic constantEinstein, in proposing the theory of relativity, introduced the cosmological constant (in order to explain the existence of a static universe with a material density of zero, he introduced a term proportional to the gauge tensor in the gravitational field equation, denoted by the symbol Λ. The constant is very small, and the scale of the galaxy is negligible. Only in the cosmic scale, Λ can be meaningful, so called cosmic constant, the so-called fixed value of the anti-gravitational value) into his equation. He believes that there is an anti-gravity, with gravity balance, topromote the universe is limited and static. When Hubble showed the astronomical observations of the expanding universe to Einstein, Einstein said, "This is the biggest mistake my life has ever committed.The universe is inflated. Hubble and so that the anti-gravity is not there, due to the gravity between the galaxies, to promote the expansion of more and more slowly. There is a twisting force between the galaxies that causes the universe to expand, that is, dark energy. 7 billion years ago, they "defeated" the dark matter, become the master of the universe. The latest research shows that the dark matter and dark energy account for about 96% of the universe, based on the mass composition (only the actual quality, not the virtual matter). It seems that the universe will continue to accelerate the expansion until the disintegration of death. (There are other claims, controversial). Although the cosmic constant exists, the value of the gravitational force is far more than the gravitational force. "I finally understand why he (Einstein) liked this theory so much that he still studied cosmological constants for many years, and cosmological constant is still one of the biggest questions of physics today," Linde said in a funny manner.。
爱因斯坦简介 专业学英文
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ALBERT EINSTEINAlbert Einstein was born in Germany on March 14th,1879.When he was a young boy he used to ask lots of questions,for example,"How does darkness happen?" By the time he was fourteen years old, he had learned maths all by himself. He was a shy person and did not enjoy school very much .He found it hard to get along with the other boys. All through his life Einstein was content to spend most of his time alone, although he married twice and had lots of close friends.From the age of seventeen,Einstein studied in Switzerland. T o earn enough money to continue his studies,he worked there first as a teacher.then in a government office. With the pay that he received and saved,he went on with his studies at university,where he received a doctor's degree in 1905,The period between 1905and 1915 was an important one for Einstein;he began the research and studies which led to his new discoveries in physics.At the end of the First World War in 1918.Einstein received worldwide praise for his scientific research.He was given the Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921,and was invited to give talks in many countries.In 1933 Einstein and his family left Europe for the USA.He had been invited to teach at a university there.He accepted the job of Professor of Physics,but asked for very little money.He had never been interested in becoming rich. He once refused to speak on the radio for$1,000 a minute.Another time someone saw him using a cheque for$1,5000 as a bookmark. Then he lost the book!Einstein lived the rest of his life quietly in the USA,In 1940 he tookAmerican nationality.Besides his work in physics,he spend a lot of time working for human rights and progress.Einstein had always been fond of music and had learn music as a young boy.At the university town where he lived he continued to make music at home with his friends. It was said that he found in music the peace which was missing in a world full of wars and killings.Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the 20th century's greatest scientist.He died on April 18th,1955 at the age of 76.Before Einstein,scientists believed that light travelled through space in a straight line. But Einstein was able to prove that light coming from the stars was bent as it passed the sun. As a result,it appeared to scientists on earth that the stars had moved. He worked out just how much the light would be bent;he could also work out how far the stars would appear to have moved.His discovery was completely new;it was said that only three people in the world could understand it at that time.The difficulty was how he could prove his ideas to other scientists.Many of them did mot accept his scientific ideas.But Einstein stuck to his opinion and went on with his research.By 1919,scientists who had been watching the stars supported his work and he quickly became world-famous. From that time on Einstein was greatly respected as the leading scientist of the century.The First World War(1914-1918) had brought him great sadness. He had taken Swiss nationality in 1901 and therefore did not have to join the army.as Switzerland did not take sides in the war.However, he thought that the war was a terrible thing. All through his life he believed that fighting and killing in wars was wrong.What he wanted to see was an endto all the armies of the world.When Germany was ruled by Hitler in the early 1930s,Einstein,who was a Jew,found it impossible to continue living in Germany.His friends were beaten,or taken away,or their homes were destroyed.while he was in America,Einstein wrote a letter to a newspaper to say that these acts were wrong.It meant that he would never be able to visit Germany again .That is why Einstein and his family left Europe for the USA in 1933.。
有关爱因斯坦的英语小短文带翻译
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有关爱因斯坦的英语小短文带翻译爱因斯坦(1879—1955),是现代物理学的开创者和奠基人,是“20世纪最具人文精神”知识分子。
小编精心收集了有关爱因斯坦的英语小短文带翻译,供大家欣赏学习!有关爱因斯坦的英语小短文带翻译篇1Einstein(爱因斯坦).Born: 14 March 1879Birthplace: Ulm, GermanyDied: 18 April 1955 (heart failure)Best Known As: Creator of the theory of relativityThanks to his theory of relativity, Albert Einstein became the most famous scientist of the 20th century. In 1905, while working in a Swiss patent office, Einstein published a paper proposing a "special theory of relativity," a groundbreaking notion which laid the foundation for much of modern physics theory. (The theory included his famous equation e=mc².) Einstein's work had a profound impact on everything from quantum theory to nuclear power and the atom bomb. He continued to develop and refine his early ideas, and in 1915 published what is known as his general theory of relativity. By 1920 Einstein was internationally renowned; he won the Nobel Prize in 1921, not for relativity but for his 1905 work on the photoelectric effect. In 1933 Einstein moved to Princeton, New Jersey, where he worked at the Institute for Advanced Studies until the end of his life. Einstein's genius is often compared with that of Sir Isaac Newton; in 2000 Time magazine named him the leading figure of the 20th century.Einstein was famously rumpled and frizzy-haired, and over time his image has become synonymous with absent-minded genius... He sent a famous letter to Franklin Roosevelt in 1939,warning that Germany was developing an atomic bomb and urging Allied research toward the same goal... Einstein married Mileva Maric in 1903. They had two sons: Hans Albert (b. 1904) and Eduard (b. 1910). They also had a daughter born before their marriage, Leiserl (b. 1902). She apparently was given for adoption or died in infancy. Mileva and Albert were divorced in 1914... He married his cousin Elsa Löwenthal in 1919, and they remained married until her death in 1936... The Institute for Advanced Studies has no formal link to Princeton University; however, according the IAS website, the two institutions "have many historic ties and ongoing relationships"... The Albert Einstein College of Medicine opened in New York City in 1955. It is part of Yeshiva University. Einstein did not create the school, but gave his permission to have his name used.中文:出生日期: 1879年3月14号出生地: Ulm ,德国死亡: 55年4月18日(心脏衰竭)最佳称为:创造相对论由于他的相对论,爱因斯坦成为最有名的科学家在20世纪。
爱因斯坦简介英文作文300字
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爱因斯坦简介英文作文300字Einstein is a great physicist, and his theory of relativity has influenced many scientific researchers, and I admire him very much.Einstein was not very clever, but also because of slow response, not good at ication, and students were ridiculed as a "moron". At that time, Einstein is not only poor, had no friends, no one thought he would become a famous physicist after.One day, the teacher asked the students to go home and make a small bench. On the second day, the students handed over their own works. The teacher was very happy to see his classmates' works very delicate and practical. While Einstein was sitting there, not to utter a single word. "Einstein, what about your work?" The teacher asked amiable. "I, I..." He muttered, feel shy out of his "work": the material is very rough, back to the side of my legs are crooked, crooked, not as long as. The teacher said, "students, can this be a bench?" How many points can you get? " "Zero!" The students burst into a ball. Einstein, who had magically produced two worse stools, said, "the little stool just made after that, though it is not good, it ismuch better than what I did before."Everyone stayed. "How many points should I score for Einstein, students?" "Full marks!" Suddenly, prolonged applause rang in the classroom. As a child, Einstein was so persistent that I was really impressed. I think this is the day after, he became an important reason of the famous physicist!。
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爱因斯坦(Albert Einstein,1879-1955),举世闻名的德裔美国科学家,现代物理学的开创者和奠基人。
爱因斯坦1900年毕业于苏黎世工业大学,1909年开始在大学任教,1914年任威廉皇家物理研究所所长兼柏林大学教授。
后被迫移居美国,1940年入美国国籍。
十九世纪末期是物理学的变革时期,爱因斯坦从实验事实出发,从新考查了物理学的基本概念,在理论上作出了根本性的突破。
他的一些成就大大推动了天文学的发展。
他的量子理论对天体物理学、特别是理论天体物理学都有很大的影响。
理论天体物理学的第一个成熟的方面——恒星大气理论,就是在量子理论和辐射理论的基础上建立起来的。
爱因斯坦的狭义相对论成功地揭示了能量与质量之间的关系,解决了长期存在的恒星能源来源的难题。
近年来发现越来越多的高能物理现象,狭义相对论已成为解释这种现象的一种最基本的理论工具。
其广义相对论也解决了一个天文学上多年的不解之谜,并推断出后来被验证了的光线弯曲现象,还成为后来许多天文概念的理论基础。
爱因斯坦对天文学最大的贡献莫过于他的宇宙学理论。
他创立了相对论宇宙学,建立了静态有限无边的自洽的动力学宇宙模型,并引进了宇宙学原理、弯曲空间等新概念,大大推动了现代天文学的发展。
生平简述
1879年出生于德国乌尔姆一个经营电器作坊的小业主家庭。
一年后,随全家迁居慕尼黑。
1894年,他的家迁到意大利米兰。
1895年他转学到瑞士阿劳市的州立中学。
1896年进苏黎世工业大学师范系学习物理学,1900年毕业。
1901年取得瑞士国籍。
1902年大学毕业后无法进入学术机构,只在瑞士伯尔尼专利局找到一份做审查员的临时工作,被伯尔尼瑞士专利局录用为技术员,从事发明专利申请的技术鉴定工作。
但在那里,爱因斯坦被正规教育扼杀的科学激情终于重新迸发出来,轻松的工作让爱因斯坦得以继续致力于科学研究。
他利用业余时间开展科学研究,在1905年,年近26岁的爱因斯坦连续发表了三篇论文(《光量子》、《布朗运动》和《狭义相对论》),在物理学三个不同领域中取得了历史性成就,特别是狭义相对论的建立和光量子论的提出,推动了物理学理论的革命。
同年,以论文《分子大小的新测定法》,取得苏黎世大学的博士学位。
爱因斯坦1908年兼任伯尔尼大学的编外讲师。
1909年离开专利局任苏黎世大学理论物理学副教授。
1911年任布拉格德语大学理论物理学教授,1912年任母校苏黎世联邦工业大学教授。
1914年,应马克斯·普朗克和瓦尔特·能斯脱的邀请,回德国任威廉皇家物理研究所所长兼柏林大学教授,直到1933年。
1920年应亨德里克·安东·洛伦兹和保耳·埃伦菲斯特的邀请,兼任荷兰莱顿大学特邀教授。
第一次世界大战爆发后,他投入公开和地下的反战活动。
1915年爱因斯坦发表了广义相对论。
他所作的光线经过太阳引力场要弯曲的预言,于1919年由英国天文学家亚瑟·斯坦利·爱丁顿的日全食观测结果所证实。
1916年他预言的引力波在1978年也得到了证实。
爱因斯坦和相对论在西方成了家喻户晓的名词,同时也
招来了德国和其他国家的沙文主义者、军国主义者和排犹主义者的恶毒攻击。
1917年爱因斯坦在《论辐射的量子性》一文中提出了受激辐射理论,成为激光的理论基础。
爱因斯坦因在光电效应方面的研究,被授予1921年诺贝尔物理学奖。
1933年1月纳粹党攫取德国政权后,爱因斯坦是科学界首要的迫害对象,幸而当时他在美国讲学,未遭毒手。
3月他回欧洲后避居比利时,9月9日发现有准备行刺他的盖世太保跟踪,星夜渡海到英国,10月转到美国普林斯顿大学,担任新建的高级研究院的教授,直至1945年退休。
1940年他取得美国国籍。
1939年他获悉铀核裂变及其链式反应的发现,在匈牙利物理学家利奥·西拉德推动下,上书罗斯福总统,建议研制原子弹,以防德国占先。
第二次世界大战结束前夕,美国在日本广岛和长崎两个城市上空投掷原子弹,爱因斯坦对此强烈不满。
战后,为开展反对核战争的和平运动和反对美国国内法西斯危险,进行了不懈的斗争。
1955年4月18日爱因斯坦因主动脉瘤破裂逝世于普林斯顿。
遵照他的遗嘱,不举行任何丧礼,不筑坟墓,不立纪念碑,骨灰撒在永远对人保密的地方,为的是不使任何地方成为圣地。
爱因斯坦的后半生一直从事寻找大统一理论的工作,不过这项工作没有获得成功,现在大统一理论是理论物理学研究的中心问题。
1955年4月,弥留之际的爱因斯坦签署了《罗素——爱因斯坦宣言》,呼吁人们团结起来,防止新的世界大战爆发。
爱因斯坦不仅是一位伟大的科学家,还是一位和平主义者。
他目睹了两次世界大战中对人类文明的摧残,认为和平是人类的首要问题。
1999年《时代》杂志将其评选为20世纪风云人物。
原子和分子的客观存在,这使最坚决反对原子论的德国化学家、唯能论的创始人奥斯特瓦尔德于1908年主动宣布:“原子假说已经成为一种基础巩固的科学理论”。
1905年6月,爱因斯坦完成了开创物理学新纪元的长论文《论动体的电动力学》,完整的提出了狭义相对论。
这是爱因斯坦十年酝酿和探索的结果,它在很大程度上解决了19世纪末出现的古典物理学的危机,改变了牛顿力学的时空观念,揭露了物质和能量的相当性,创立了一个全新的物理学世界,是近代物理学领域最伟大的革命。
1905年9月,爱因斯坦写了一篇短文《物体的惯性同它所含的能量有关吗?》,作为相对论的一个推论。
质能相当性是原子核物理学和粒子物理学的理论基础,也为20世纪40年代实现的核能的释放和利用开辟了道路。
在这短短的半年时间,爱因斯坦在科学上的突破性成就,可以说是“石破天惊,前无古人”。
即使他就此放弃物理学研究,即使他只完成了上述三方面成就的任何一方面,爱因斯坦都会在物理学发展史上留下极其重要的一笔。
爱因斯坦拨散了笼罩在“物理学晴空上的乌云”,迎来了物理学更加光辉灿烂的新纪元。
怎样学好初中英语?
学好英语“四多法”
学英语,首要的方法就是多读、多做、多背、多积累。
或许有同学会说,这算什么方法呀?然而目前许多同学英语学不好,恰恰就在于抛弃了这一最基本的方法。
首先是多读,在许多题型里,如填空,通常语感是十分重要的。
而提升语感的最佳途径就是多读,而且一定要大声来朗读,从听觉视觉两方面同时来刺激大脑,效果非常好。
其次是多做,即所谓题感的培养,只读不做是不行的。
当你把题做到一定量时,自然地就能把握住出题者的意图,考试时就会得心应手。
三是多背,即多背文章和多背单词。
背诵经典的文章,不仅可以帮你提升语感,做好客观题,还可以使你轻松应对作文,而且在背文章的过程中还能巩固单词,一举三得,何乐而不为呢?单词是学好英语的基础,单纯背生词不仅非常辛苦,也不容易了解单词在具体语境中的使用,而且每个单词往往会有很多译项,这些译项有时还有比较大的差异。
一味单纯记忆不仅容易混淆,而且准确度也不高。
将单词放在具体的语境下记忆,这样就可以提高记忆的速度和记忆的准确率,并知道如何使用。
最后是多积累,英语学习是慢功,注意平时多多积累,尽量做到每日必读,每日必写。
这样积累学习的效果,比用几天或者一段时间集中学习效果要好。
在每天的学习过程中,都会遇到很多以前不知道的短语、单词的用法或者是意思。
这些内容同学们都要记到笔记本上,并要不断地复习巩固。
一个知识点记到笔记本上后,往往要回顾四到五遍才能够记住,有的时候甚至还要多复习几遍才能够记牢。
除了正常地上英语课外,同学们每天可以用一些零散的时间来学习英语。
如午休前或者是晚上睡觉前,或随身带一个小英语笔记本,没事的时候掏出来看一看。
日积月累,同学们就会感觉到:没有化太多时间,就可以轻轻松松地背了不少英语单词。
抓住一书攻语法
学习英语有两大基石:一是词汇,一是语法。
要学好词汇,当然离不开词典之类的工具书。
而要学好语法,则应该抓住一本工具书不放。
这一工具书,就应该是一本比较权威的语法书,而且要配有练习册。
选定语法书后,在日常学习时,应该怎么用呢?建议如下:
第一,通读。
利用假期,通读一本简明的英语语法书,即使是略读一遍,也是极有帮助的。
因为中学里所学的语法知识分散在六年里,“平时只见数,没有见到零”,难以在头脑中形成完整的体系。
等把语法书通读后,我们平时所学的零散知识就能够系统化。
这对我们深刻地理解英语语言的整个语法体系起到了升华的作用。
第二,做题。
依照所配练习册,从头到尾,一道不少地做一遍练习题,这样往往能查出自己在语法方面的薄弱环节。
做题时,如果碰上困难,最好不要急着查看后面的参考答案,因为轻而易举得到的答案,也会轻而易举地忘记。
第三,备查。
将语法书随身携带,如同查字典一样时常查阅。
比如碰到某个长句子看不懂,即可以查看语法书中的有关章节,分析判断,这就要求对语法书的内容、目录能够了然于心,一翻即得。
字典和语法书都是学习英语的工具书,它们可以帮助我们排疑解难,是我们不说话的老师,两者缺一不可。
最后一定要记住:课前预习,课后及时复习,非常重要!。