英国文学史及选读模拟1
英国文学史及作品选读习题集
英国文学史及作品选读习题集1 Old & Middle English LiteratureⅠ. Essay Questions1. What are the three parts told in the story of Beowulf? How is heroic ideal reflected in Beowulf?2. State the social significance of William Langland’s Piers the Plowman and comment on the poem’s w riting features.3. Compare Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales with old English poetry and the works of other Middle English poets to illustrate that Chaucer is the first realistic writer in English literature.4. What is the function of the General Prologue to The Canterbury Tales?Ⅱ. Define the following terms.1. Old English period (the Anglo Saxon period)2. Alliteration3. Prose4. Courtly love5. Morality play6. Couplet7. Meter8. Foot9. Scottish Chaucerians10. Ballad (Popular ballad)11. Middle English period12. Anglo-Norman period13. Arthurian legend14. RomanceⅢ. Fill the blanks.1. The Old English poetry can be divided into two groups:the_____ poetry and the ____ poetry.2. _____ is regarded as the “Father of English Song”, the first known religious poet of England.3. The history of English literature begins in the____ century.4. _____is the most prevailing literary form in the Middle Ages.5. The most magnificent prose work of the 15th century is Morte d’ Arthur concerning with____ legend.6. The only important prose writer in the 15th century is Sir______.7. Critics tend to divide Chaucer’s literary career into three periods: the ____ period, the___ period and the____ period.8. Among the Middle English poets, three are the greatest. One is the author of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. The other two are ____ and ____.9. The Canterbury Tales contains the ____ and 24 tales, two of which left unfinished.10. Chaucer employed the _____ couplet in writing his greatest work The Canterbury Tales.11. The framework in The Canterbury Tales is a ____.12. When Chaucer died on the 25th of October 1400, he was the first to be buried in ____.13. Besides Chaucer, King James I also wrote in verses of seven lines, so this kind of verse came to be called the________14. Compared with Chaucer, “Father of English poetry”, __________ in the 14th century can be called “Father of Scottish Poetry and Scottish History”.15. The ___________is an important stream of the British literature in the 15th century.16. The __________century has traditionally been described as the barren age in English literature.17. Poetry can be classified as narrative or Lyric. Narrative poems stress action, and Lyrics__________.Ⅳ. Choose the best answer.1. Beowulf is a ______ poem, describing an all-round picture of the tribal society.A. paganB. ChristianC. romanticD. lyric2. Caedmon’s life story is vividly described in _____’s Historic Ecclesiastica.A. GrendelB. BedeC. CynewulfD. Beowulf3. The most important work of Alfred the Great is ____, which is regarded as the best monument of the Old English prose.A. The Song of BeowulfB. The Ecclesiastical History of the English PeopleC. Apollonius of TypeD. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles4. In the 14th century, the important writers are the following EXCEPT_______.A. William LanglandB. John GowerC. Thomas MaloryD. Geoffrey Chaucer5. Chaucer Was once influenced by Italian Literature. His major work during this period is _____.A. Troilus and CriseydeB. The Romaunt of the RoseC. The Legend of Good WomenD. The Canterbury Tales6. Chaucer’s active career provided him not only with knowledge but also experiences, which accounted for the wide range of his writings.7. Chaucer’s narrative poem _____ is based on Boccaccio’s poem “Filostrato”.A. The Legend of Good WomenB. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightC. The Book of the DuchessD. Troilus and Criseyde8. All the following writers belong to the Scottish Chaucerians EXCEPT_______.A. Robert HenrysonB. William DunbarC. Thomas MaloryD. King James I9. In English poetry, a four-line stanza is called____.A. heroic coupletB. quatrainC. Spenserian stanzaD. terza rima10. The work that presented, for the first time in English literature, a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life is most likely _______.A. William Langland’s Piers the PlowmanB. Geoffr ey Chaucer’s The Canterbury TalesC. J ohn Gower’s Confessio AmantisD. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightⅤ. Short-answer questions1. What are the main characteristics of Anglo-Saxon literature?2. What are the artistic features of Old English poetry?3. What are the major subjects that the English romance mainly deals with?4. Summarize Chaucer’s literary ca reer and the representative works of each period.5. How many groups do the popular ballads fall into according to the contents or subjects?6. What are the stylistic features of ballads?Ⅵ. Answer the questions according to the following poem.When the sweet showers of April fall and shootDown through the drought of March to pierce the root,Bathing every vein in liquid powerFrom which there springs the engendering of the flower,When also Zephyrus with his sweet breathExhales an air in every grove and healthUpon the tender shoots, and the young sunHis half-course in the sign of the Ram has run,And the small fowls are making melodyThat sleep away the night with open eye(So nature pricks them and their heart engages)The people long to go on pilgrimagesAnd palmers long to seek the stranger strandsOf far-off saints, hallowed in sundry lands,And specially, from every shire’s endIn England, down to Canterbury they wendTo seek the holy blissful martyr, quickIn giving help to them when they were sick.Questions:1. What is expressed in these opening lines of The Canterbury Tales?2. How does the author emphasize the transition from nature to divinity?3. Comment on Chaucer’s contribution of rhymed stanzas.KeysⅠ. Essay questions.1. Structurally speaking, Beowulf is built around three fights. The first part deals with the fight between Beowulf and the monster Grendel that has been attacking the great hall of Heorot, built by Hrothgar, the Danish King. The second part involves a battle between Beowulf and Grendel’s mother, a water-monster, who takes revenge by carrying off one of the king’s noblemen. The last part is about the fight between Beowulf and a firedrake that ravages Beowulf’s kingdom.Beowulf is a pagan poem concerned with the heroic ideal of kings andkingship in North Europe. Battle is a way of life at that time. Strength and courage are basic virtues for both kings and his warriors. The king should protect his people and show gentleness and generosity to his warriors. And in return, his warriors should show absolute obedience and loyalty to the king. By praising Beowulf’s wisdom, strength and courage, and by glorifying his death for his people, the poem presents the heroic ideal of a king and his good relations to his warriors and people.2.Piers the Plowman remains a classic in popular literature. It was very popular throughout the fourteenth and the fifteenth centuries. It praises the poor peasants, and condemns andexposes the sins of the oppressors. It played an important part in arousing the revolutionary sentiment on the eve of the Rising of 1381 headed by Wat Tyler and John Ball. It is a realistic picture of medieval England. But Piers is not a representative of the poor peasants. He is one of the well-to-do peasants. He has no intention of upsetting the feudal order of society, and he accepts the existing social relations. This is the limitation of the poem.Writing features:(1) Piers the Plowman is written in the form of a dream vision. The author tells hisstory under the guise of having dreamed it.(2) The poem is an allegory which relates truth through symbolism.(3) The poem uses indignant satire in his description of social abuses caused by thecorruption prevailing among the ruling classes, ecclesiastical and secular. (4) The poem is written in alliteration.3. The vast bulk of Old English poetry is specifically Christian, devoted to religious subjects. More importantly, it is almost all in the heroic mode due to the great influence of the heroic ideal, i.e. Beowulf is the ideal of kingly behavior. The idealized hero figures predominantly in Old English literature. Middle English romance generally concerns the knight. It makes liberal use of the improbable, ofte4n of the supernatural. Religious writing reflects the unchanging principles of medieval Christian doctrine, which looked to the world to come for the only answer to men’s troubles. William Langland’s Piers the Plowman reflects the great religious and social issues of his day, yet it is written in the form of a dream vision. It is Chaucer alone who, for the first time in English literature, presented to us a comprehensive realisticpicture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life in his masterpiece The Canterbury Tales.4. The General Prologue is usually regarded as the great portrait gallery in English literature. It is largely composed of a series of sketches differing widely i8n length and method, and blending the individual and the typical in varying degrees. The purpose of the General Prologue is not only to present a vivid collection of character sketches, but also to reveal the author’s intention in bringing together a great variety of people and narrative materials to unite the diversity of the tales by allotting them to a diversity of tellers engaged in a common endeavour, to set the tone for the story-telling-one of jollity which accords with the tone of the whole work: that of grateful acceptance of life, to make clear the plan for the tales, to motivate the telling of tales and introduce the pilgrims and the time and occasion of the pilgrimage. The pilgrims are people from various parts of England. They serve as the representatives of various sides of life and social groups. Each of the pilgrims or narrators is presented vividly in the Prologue. Ranging in status from a knight a humble plowman, the pilgrims are a microcosm of 14th-century English society. On the other hand, there is also an intimate connection between the tales and the Prologue, both complementing each other. The Prologue provides a framework for the tales.Ⅱ. Define the following terms.1.Old English period (the Anglo-Saxon period): The Old English Period, extended from the invasion of Celtic England by Germanic tribes (the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes) in the first half of the fifth century to the conquest of England in 1066 by the Norman French under the leadership of the seventh century didthe Anglo-Saxons, whose earlier literature had been oral, begin to develop a written literature.2. Alliteration: alliteration is the repetition of a speech sound in a sequence of nearby words. The term is usually applied only to consonants, and only when the recurrent sound begins a word or a stressed syllable within a word.3. Prose: Prose is an inclusive term for all discourse, spoken or written, which is not patterned into the li8nes either of metric verse or free verse.4. Courtly love: It is a doctrine of love, together with an elaborate code governing the relations betwe4en aristocratic lovers, which was widely represented in the lyric poems and chivalric romances of western Europe during the Middle Ages.5. Morality play: Morality plays are medieval allegorical plays in which personified human qualities acted and disputed, mostly coming from the 15th century. They developed into the interludes, from which it is not always possible to distinguish them, and hence had a considerable influence on the development of Elizabethan drama.6. Couplet: A couplet is a pair of rhymed lines that are equal in length.7. Meter: Meter is the recurrence, in regular units, of a prominent feature in the sequence of speech-sounds of a language.8. Foot: A foot is the combination of a strong stress and the associated weak stress or stresses which make up the recurrent metric unit of a line. The relatively stronger-stressed syllable is called, for short, “stressed”; the relatively weaker-stressed syllables are called “light,” or most commonly, “unstressed”. The four standard feet distinguished in English are: (1) Iambic(the noun is “iamb”): an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable. (2) Anapestic (the noun is “anapest”):two unstressed syllables followed by a stressed syllable. (3)Trochaic (the noun is “trochee”):a stressed syllable. (4) Dactylic (the noun is “dactyl”):a stressed syllable followed by two unstressed syllables.A metric line is named according to the number of feet composing it: Monometer: one footDimeter: two feetTrimester: three feetTetrameter: four feetPentameter: five feetHexameter: six feetHeptameter: seven feetOctameter: eight feet9. Scottish Chaucerians: The name is traditionally given to a very diverse group of 15th-and 16th- century Scottish writers who show some influence from Chaucer, although the debt is now regarded as negligible or indirect in most cases.10. Ballad (popular ballad): Ballad is also known as the folk ballad or traditional ballad. It is a song, transmitted orally, which tells a story. Ballads are thus the narrative species of folk songs, which originate, and are communicated orally, among illiterate or only partly literate people.11.Middle English period: The four and a half centuries between the Norman Conquest in 1066, which effected radical changes in the language, life, and culture of England, and about 1500, when the standard literary language had become recognizably “modern English”, that is similar to the language we speak and write today.12. Anglo-Norman period: The span from 1100 to 1350 is sometimes discriminated as the Anglo-Norman Period, because the non-Latin literature of that time was written mainly in Anglo-Norman, the French dialect spoken by the invaders who had established themselves as the ruling class of England, and who shared a literary culture with French-speaking areas of mainland Europe.13. Arthurian legend: It is a group of tales (in several languages) that developed in the Middle Ages concerning Arthur, semi-historical king of the Britons and his knights. The legend is a complex weaving of ancient Celtic mythology with later traditions around a core of possible historical authenticity.14. Romance: It is a literary genre popular in the Middle Ages (5th century to 15th century), dealing, in verse or prose, with legendary, supernatural, or amorous subjects and characters. The name refers to Romance languages and originally denoted any lengthy composition in one of those languages. Later the term was applied to tales specifically concerned with knights, chivalry, and courtly love. The romance and the epic are similar forms, but epics tend to be longer and less concerned with courtly love. Romances were written by court musicians, clerics, scribes, and aristocrats for the entertainment and moral edification of the nobility. Popular subjects for romances included the Macedonian King Alexander the Great, King Arthur Charlemagne. Later prose and verse narratives, particularly those in the 19th-century romantic tradition, are also referred to as romances; set in distant or mythological places and times, like most romances they stress adventure and supernatural elements.Ⅲ. Fill in the blanks.1. secular, religious2. Caedmon3. 5th4. Romance5. Arthurian6. Thomas Malory7. French, Italian, English 8. William Langland, Geoffrey Chaucer 9. General Prologue 10. Heroic11. pilgrimage 12. Westminster Abbey13. rhyme royal 14. John Barbour15. popular ballad 16. 15th17. songsⅣ. Choose the best answer.1. A2. B3. D4. C5. A6. C7. D8. C9. B 10. BⅤ. Short-answer questions.1. Anglo-Saxon literature is almost exclusively a verse literature in oral form. It was passed down by word of mouth from generation to generation. Most of its creators are unknown. There are two groups of English poetry in Anglo-Saxon period. The first group is the pagan poetry represented by Beowulf, the second is the religious poetry represented by the works of Caedmon and Cynewulf.2. (1) The use of alliteration. Each full line has four stresseswith a number ofunstressed syllables, three of which begin with the same sound or letter.(2) The use of vivid poetic diction and parallel expressions fora single idea, suchas the sea is called” swan-road” or “whale-path”. A soldier is called “shield-bearer”, “battle-he ro” or “whale-path”. A soldier is called “shield-bearer”,” battle-hero” or “spear-fighter, etc.3. The English romance mainly deals with three major subjects: the “Matter of France”, the “Matter of Ro me”, and the “Matter of Britain”.The “Matter of France” means a collection of tales about Charlemagne, the mighty ruler of France and neighbouring countries around 800 A.D., and his peers and their wars against the Saracens.The “Matter of Rome” covers ev erything from the ancient Romans and the Greeks. Alexander the Great, king of Macedonia and conqueror of Greece, Egypt, India and Persian Empire is the favorite hero of this group. Beside this, Trojan War is also dealt with in this group.The “Matter of Br itain” means the legendary history of Britain. It mainly deals with the exploits of King Arthur and his knights.4. Chaucer’s literary career is usually divided into 3 periods: the French period, the Italian period and the mature period.The French period refers to the period of French influence (1359-1372). During this period Chaucer wrote his earliest work: the Romaunt of the Rose, a free translation of a 13th-century French poem and his first important original work, The Book ofthe Duchess.The Italian period refers to the period of Italian influence (1372_1386), especially of Dante and Boccaccio. During this period, Chaucer mainly wrote three longer poems using the heroic stanza of seven lines: The House of Fame, Troilus and Criseyde, The Legend of Good Women.The mature period refers to the period when Chaucer had reached full maturity in his literary creation. His masterpiece The Canterbury Tales was produced in this period in which the heroic couplet was used.5. According to the contents or subjects, popular ballads can divided into different groups. A number of ballads narrating incidents on the English-Scottish border areknown as “Border Ballads”, which deal with bloody battles fought on the border of English and Scotland.Another important group of ballads is the series of 37 ballads of different le ngths in Child’s collection, which tell of the wonderful deeds of Robin Hood, the famous outlaw, and his men. Most ballads do have a love or love-triangle theme. Sometimes love is present in a tender, romantic, even sentimental way.The fourth group is the sea ballads concerning sailors. The best-known is Sir Patrick Spens.Quite a few ballads are presented with themes of the domestic life, particularly of the relations between different members of a family. Unnatural relations such as murder and treachery are not infrequently appearing in this group.6. (1) Its simple language. The simplicity is reflected both in the verse form and thecolloquial expressions. By making use of a simple, plain language of the common people, the ballad leaves a strongdramatic effect to the reader.(2) The priority of the ballad is the story which deals only with the culminatingincident or climax of a plot.(3) Most of the ballads are quasi-historical, such as the ballad “Judas” and “RobinHood” ballad.(4) Ballads also tell their stories in a highly characteristic way; they are intenselydramatic. To strengthen the dramatic effect of the narration, ballads also make full use of hyperbole; actions and events are much exaggerated.(5) Music has and important influence on the ballads.(6) Using of refrains and other kinds of repetitions.Ⅵ. Answer the questions according to the following poem.1. The magnificent eighteen-line sentence that opens the General Prologue is a superb expression of a double view of the Canterbury pilgrimage. The first eleven lines are a chant of welcome to the spring with its harmonious marriage between heaven and earth which mellows vegetations, pricks foul and stirs the heart of man with a renewing power of nature. Thus, the pilgrimage is treated as an event in the calendar of nature, an aspect of the general springtime surge of human energy which wakens man’s love of nature. But spring is also the season of Easter and is allegorically regarded as the time of the Redemption through the sacrifice of Jesus Christ with its connotations of religious rebirth which wak ens man’s love of God (divine love). Therefore, the pilgrimage is also treated as and event in the calendar of divinity, an aspect of religious piety which draws pilgrims to holy places.2. The structure of this opening passage can be regarded as one from the whole Western tradition of the celebration of spring to a local event of English society, from natural forces in their general operation to a specific Christian manifestation. The transition from nature to divinity is emphasized by contrast between the physical vitality which conditions the pilgrimage and the spiritual sickness which occasions the pilgrimage, as well as by parallelism between the renewal power of nature and the restorative power of supernature (divinity).3. Chaucer introduced various rhymed stanzas to English poetry to replace the Old English alliterative verse. He first introduced into English octosyllabic couplet andthe rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter which is to be called later the heroic couplet. And in The Canterbury Tales, he employed the heroic couplet with true ease and charm for the first time in the history of English literature.。
吴伟仁《英国文学史及选读》模拟试题及详解（一）【圣才出品】
吴伟仁《英国⽂学史及选读》模拟试题及详解（⼀）【圣才出品】第⼆部分模拟试题吴伟仁《英国⽂学史及选读》模拟试题及详解（⼀）I. Fill in the blanks1. The fifteenth century has been traditionally described as the barren age in English literature. But it is the spring tide of English _______.【答案】ballads【解析】⼗五世纪英国歌谣开始兴起。
2. _______ is the representative among the writers of aestheticism and decadence. The Picture of Dorian Gray is a typical decadent novel written by him.【答案】Oscar Wilde【解析】奥斯卡·王尔德（Oscar Wilde）是19世纪末英国唯美派剧作家、诗⼈、⼩说家和⽂学批评家。
《道林·格雷的画像》（The Picture of Dorian Gray）是王尔德最出⾊的作品，最为详细地阐述了他的颓废主义思想。
3. Thomas Hardy’s novel _______tells a story about a poor villager’s love affairs with a married school mistress named Sue.【答案】Jude the Obscure【解析】《⽆名的裘德》讲述的是⼀个穷村妇爱上了⼀个已婚⼥教师的故事。
4. Cordelia is a character in ______.【答案】King Lear【解析】Cordelia是莎⼠⽐亚著名悲剧《李尔王》中的李尔王最⼩的⼥⼉。
英国文学史及选读第一册复习题.doc
History and Anthology of English LiteratureI Multiple Choices1.The story of _________ is the culmination of the Arthurian romances.A.Sir Gawain and the Green KnightB. BeowulfC. Piers the PlowmanD. The Canterbury Tales2.Chaucer died on October 25th, 140(), and was buried in __________ ・A.FlandersB. FranceC. ItalyD. Westminster Abbey3・Utopia was written in the form of _________ ・A. proseB. drama C・ essay D. dialogue4.________ i s the leading figure of Metaphysical poetry.A. John DonneB. George HerbertC. Andre MarvellD. Henry Vaughan5.________ i s not written by William Blake.A. The Marriage of Heaven and HellB. Songs of ExperienceC. Auld Lang SyneD. Poetical Sketches6."Some book are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested：This sentence is taken from __________ .A. Swifts A Modest ProposalB. Dickens\ Oliver l\vistC. Fielding 9s Tom JonesD. Bacon's Of Studies7.Which poet is not the "Lake Poet"?A. William WordsworthB. S. T. ColeridgeC. SoutheyD. Keats8.Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries, itsessence is _________ •A. ScienceB. ArtsC. PhilosophyD. Humanism9.Romance, which uses verse or prose to describe the adventures and life of the knights, is thepopular literary form in _________ .A・ Romanticism B. Renaissance C. medieval period D・ Anglo-Saxon period10.Gothic novels are mostly stories of _________ , which take place in some haunted or dilapidatedMiddle Age castles・A.love and marriageB. sea adventuresC. mystery and horrorD. saints and martyrsII• The Houyhnhnms depicted by Jonathan Swift in Gull iver's Travels arc _______ ・A・ horses that are endowed with reasonB.pigmies that are endowed with admirable qualitiesC.giants that are superior in wisdomD.hairy, wild, low and despicable creatures, who resemble human beings not only in appearance butalso in some other ways12. John Milton's masterpiece 一Paradise Lost was written in the poetic style of ___________ ・A. rhymed stanzasB. blank verseC. alliteration D・ sonnets13・ Which of the following has / have associations with John Donners poetry?A. reason and sentimentB. conceits and witsC. the euphuismD. writing in the rhymed couplet14.Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries, its essence is.A ・ scienceB. philosophy C ・ arts D. humanism 15. The School for Scandal by Richard Brislcy Sheridan has been regarded as the best since Shakespeare.A. tragedyB. prose C ・ comedy D. fable II Match III Literary Terms (Choose Five of them to illustrate in English)1・ Epic 2. Romance 3・ Blank verse4. Sonnet5. Allegory6. Heroic couplet7. Comedy8. Tragedy 9. Sentimentalism1()・ Enlightenment IV Poem Analysis(1)Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summers lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines And often is his gold complexion dimmed; And every fair from fair sometimes declines, By chance or nature's changing course untrimmed; But thy eternal summer shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st;Nor shall death brag thou wandefst in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st: So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.Questions:1. Who writes this poem? ______________________2. What type of this poem belongs to? ______________________A. SonnetB. BalladC. OdeD. Elegy3. What does "thee” mean in modem English? _______________________4. What does "the eye of heaven^ refer to? _______________________5. What^s the rhyme scheme of this poem? ______________________6. What's the rhetorical devices used in this poem? Try to give some examples.)1. Paradise Lost)2. Tristram Shandy)3. of Truth)4. The Vicar of Wakefield)5. Canterbury Tales)6. Tom Jones)7. Gulliver "s Travels)& The Pilgrim 9s Progress)9. Pamela)1(). The Fairy Queen A. John Bunyan B. Oliver Goldsmith C. Geoffery Chaucer D. Henry Fielding E. Jonathan Swift F. Samuel Richardson G. Edmund Spenser H ・ Francis Bacon I ・ Laurence Sterne J. John Milton(2)O my luve r s like a red, red roseThat's newly sprung in June:O my Luve r s like the melodie That's sweetly play'd in tune!As fair art thou, my bonnic lass,So deep in luve am I: And I will luve thee still, my dear,Till a* the seas gang dry:Till a1 2 3 4 5 the seas gang dry, my dear, And the rocks melt wi* the sun;I will luve thee still, my dear, While the sands o* life shall run.And fare thee wccl, my only Luve, And fare thee weel a while!And I will come again, my Luve, Though it were ten thousand mile. Questions:1.Who write this poem? ______________________2.What's the title of this poem? ______________________3.What does the poet compare red rose to? ______________________4.What is the rhyme scheme of the poem? _______________________5.Illustrate the first stanza in English in your own words.V Conclude the main story of the literary work and make your own comments. Directions: There are four literary works listed as follows・Choose如o of them to write down the main idea and make some comments on them.2 Tome Jones3 Robinson Crusoe4 Hamlet5 Gulliver's Travels。
英国文学史及选读
英国文学史及选读1Part 1. The Anglo-Saxon PeriodBeowulf (the national epic of the English people) stricking feature: alliteration, metaphors and understatements. CaedmonParaphrase of the Bible/ (the first known religious poet of England) Cynewulf The Christ /( poet on religious subjects)Part 2. The Anglo-Norman PeriodSir Gawain and the Green Knight/ a mixture of Anglo-Saxon poetry and French poetry. (alliterative verse with metrical verse ), The poem reflects the ideal of feudal knighthood. A true knight should not only dedicate himself to the church, but also possess the virtues of great courage, of fidelity to his promise, and of physical chastity and purity.Part 3. Geoffrey Chaucer Geoffrey Chaucer 1340-1400The House of Fame ; Troilus and Criseyde (long narrative poem);Legend of Good Women (first used heroic couplet); The Parliament of Fowls poetry ：Canterbury Tales / Significance(重要性): It gives a comprehensive picture of Chaucer’s time ; It has a dramatic structure; It re flects Chaucer’s humor ; It shows Chaucer’s contribution to the English language and poetry. his contribution to English poetry: 1.introduced from france the rhymed couplet of 5 accents in iambic meter (the heroic couplet), 2.Is the first great poet who wrote in the English language. Who making the dialect of London the standard for the modern English speech. 3.He is considered as the founder of English poetry. Part 4. The English renaissance(英国文艺复兴)Thomas More(托马斯.莫尔) Utopia(乌托邦) ( He is the outstanding humanist) Lyrical poems(抒情诗) Thomas Wyatt(托马斯.怀亚特)(the first to introduce the sonnet<十四行诗> into English literature); Henry Howard; Philip Sidney; Thomas Campion Epic poem(史诗) Edmond Spenser The Faerie Queen Novels John Lyly(Eupheus gives rise to the term euphuism ); Thomas Lode (they dealing with court life and gallantry Thomas Deloney; Thomas Nashe (they are realistic authors devoted to the everyday life of craftsman, merchants and other representatives of the lower classes.) Francis Bacon(弗兰西斯.培根)1561-1626 The philosophical: Advancement of Learning ; Novum Organum 新工具; De Augmentis The literary: Essays(随笔)(Of Truth, Of Death; Of Revenge, Of Friendship ) The professional: treatises entitled Maxims of the Law and Reading on the Statute of Uses The founder of English materialist philosophy Drama Christopher Marlowe ( the greatest pioneer of English drama who made blank verse the principle vehic le of expression in drama); Robert Greene George Green /the Pinner of WakefieldWilliamShakespeare1564-1616 (37plays, two narrative poems, 154sonnets) The Tempest暴风风雨;The Two Gentlemen of Verona维罗纳二绅士;The Mercy Wives of Windsor温莎的风流妇人;Measure for Measure恶有恶报;The Comedy of Errors错中错;Much Ado about Nothing无事自扰;Love’s Labour’s Lost空爱一场;A Midsummer Night’s Dream仲夏夜之梦;The Merchant of Venice威尼斯商人;As You Like It如愿;The Taming of the Shrew驯悍记;All’s Well That Ends Well皆大欢喜;Twelfth Night第十二夜;The Winter’s Tale冬天的故事;The Life and Death of King John/Richard the Second/Henry the Fifth/Richard the Third约翰王/理查二世/亨利五世/理查三世;The First/Second Part of King Henry the Fourth亨利四世（上、下）;The First/Second/Third Part of King Henry the Sixth亨利六世（上、中、下）; The Life of King Henry the Eighth亨利八世；Troilus and Cressida脱爱勒斯与克莱西达;The Tragedy of Coriolanus考利欧雷诺斯;Titus Andronicus泰特斯·安庄尼克斯;Romeo and Juliet罗密欧与朱丽叶；Timon of Athens雅典的泰门;The Life and Death of Julius Caesar;朱利阿斯·凯撒；The Tragedy of Macbeth麦克白;The Tragedy of Hamlet哈姆雷特/王子复仇记;King Lear李尔王;Othello奥塞罗;Antony and Cleopatra安东尼与克利欧佩特拉;Cymbeline辛白林;Pericles波里克利斯;Venus and Adonis维诺斯·阿都尼斯;Lucrece露克利斯;The Sonnets十四行诗The Great Comedie(伟大的喜剧)s: A Midsummer Night’s Dream; The Merchant of V enice; As You Like It ;Twelfth Night;The Great Tragedies(伟大的悲剧): The Tragedy of Hamlet; Othello; King Lear; The Tragedy of Macbeth;The Later Comedies(romances): Pericles; Cymbeline; The Winter’s Tale; The Tempest;Part 5. The English Bourgeois revolution period and RestorationJohn Milton1608-1674 Shorter poems: L‘Allegro欢乐的人;Il Penseroso沉思的人;Comus科马斯;Lycidas;Principle pamphlets: Areopagitica论出版自由; Eikonoklastes; Defense for theEnglish people;Poem: Paradise Lost (The poem was written in blank verse); Paradise Regained;John Bunyan1628-1688 The Pilgrim’s Progress(It is the greatest English allegory, its style is simple and biblical)John Donne1572-1631 Poetry(love lyrics & religious poems);Sonnets(The founder of the Metaphysical school of poetry)John Dryden Critic, poet and playwright of restoration periodPart 6. The eighteenth CenturyThe Age of Enlightenment or The Age of ReasonEnlightenment Alexander Pope；Joseph Addison&Richard Steele The Spectator；Jonathan Swift；Daniel Defoe；Henry Fielding；Richard B. Sheridan；Oliver Goldsmith；Edward Gibbon；Samuel JohnsonPope exercised the greatest influence on the 18th century poetry;Swift is the most outstanding personality, Gulliver’s TravelsNeoclassicism John Dryden, Alexander Pope, Jonathan Swift, Joseph Addison, Richard Steele, Henry Fielding, Samuel Johnson, Oliver Goldsmith, Edward Gibbon The Decline & Fall of theRoman Empire Neoclassical poetry, as represented by Dryden, Pope & Johnson, reachedits stylistic perfection during the periodModern Realistic Novel Defoe Robinson Crusoe,Richardson,Fielding, Sterne, Goldsmith, T.G..Smollet’s satirical novel The adventures of Roderick RandomFielding and Smollet are the real founders of the genre of the bourgeois realistic novel in England and Europe.Richardson displays the innermost life of an individual, Pamela or Virtue Rewarded, he History of a Young Lady, The History of Sir Chares GrandionGothic Novel The real originator of English Gothic novel was Horace Walpole Castle of Otranto；Mary Shelley Frankenstein;Ann Radcliff The Mysteries of UdolphoSentimentalism Novels: Laurence Stern Sentimental Journey;Tristram Shandy；Oliver Goldsmith The Vicar of WakefieldPoetry: Thomas Gray’s An Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard;Goldsmith’s The Deserted Village;George Crabbe The VillageSatire Pope , Swift, Richard B. Sheridan School for ScandalPre-Romanticism in poetry, which was ushered in by Percy Macpherson & Chatterton, and represented by William Blake&Robert Burns。
英国文学史及选读试题及答案
英国文学史及选读试题Ⅰ. Multiple Choice（1′×20=20分）1.______ was respected as “father of English poetry” and one of the greatest narrative poets of England.A.William ShakespeareB. Geoffrey ChaucerC. John MiltonD.John Donne2.In terms of influence upon England, ____ brought French civilization and French language to England.A. Anglo-SaxonsB. RomansC. Anglo-NormansD. Teutons3. According to Thomas More, “it was a time when sheep devoured men”. It refers to____.A. IndustrializationB. Religious ReformationC. Commercial ExpansionD. Enclosure Movement4. It was ____who introduced sonnet into English literature.A. Thomas WyattB. William ShakespeareC. Edmund SpenserD. Philip Sidney5. Which of the following is NOT Shakespeare’s tragedies?A. HamletB. King LearC. The Merchant of VeniceD. Othello6. In 1649 ____ was beheaded. England became a commonwealth under the leadership of Oliver Cromwell.A.James IB. Henry VIIIC. Elizabeth ID. Charles I7. Which comment on John Donne is wrong?A. He is the leading figure of metaphysical poetry.B. His poetry is characterized by mysticism and peculiar conceit.C. John Donne usually employs traditional and regular poetic form.D. His attitudes toward love are both positive and negative.8. Friday in The Adventuous of Robinson Crosue can be termed as EXCEPT____.A. a kind-hearted personB. a person with colonial mindC. a smart personD. a friendly person9. Thomas Gray is the representative of _____.A. SentimentalismB. Pre-RomanticismC. RomanticismD. English Renaissance10. William Blake’s ____is a lovely volume of poems, presenting a happy and innocent world,though not without its evils and sufferings.A.Poetical SketchesB. The Book of ThelC. Songs of ExperienceD. Songs of Innocence11. ____, the national peasant poet in Scotland, and his poem____ shows his passionate love for his Beloved.A.William Blake, LodonB. William Wordsworth, I Wandered Lonely as a CloudC. Robert Burns, A Red, Red RoseD. Robert Burns, Auld Lang Syne12. English Romanticism begins with____ and ends with____.A. the publication of Lyrical Ballads, John Keats’s deathB. French Revolution, Walter Scott’s deathC. the publication of Lyrical Ballads, Walter Scott’s deathD. Industrialization, John Keats’s death13. ____ are named as Lake Poets and Escapist Romanticists.A. Wordsworth, Shelley and KeatsB. Wordsworth, Byron and ShelleyC. Wordsworth, Coleridge and ShelleyD. Wordsworth, Coleridge and Southey14. Which of the following statement is NOT correct?A. Romantic literature is decidely an age of poetry.B. Dramma was fully developed during the Romantic period.C. The general feature is a dissatisfaction with the bourgeoise society.D. Romanticists paid great attention to the spiritual and emotional life of man.Personified nature plays animportant role in the pages of their works.15. ____ was the founder of the novel which deals with unimportant middle class people and of which there are many fine examples in latter English fiction.A.Charlotte BronteB. Emily BronteC. Charles DickensD. Jane Austen16. King ____ broke off with the Pope, dissolved all the monasteries and abbeys in the country, which is knownas Religious Reformation.A. Henry VIIB. Henry VIIIC. Mary ID.Elizabetha I17. ____ was honored as Poet Laureate.A. ByronB. P. B ShelleyC. John KeatsD. William Wordsworth18. John Milton’s Paradise Lost is based on the story of ____.A. Greek MythologyB. Roman MythologyC. Old TestamentD. New Testament19. The 18th century witnessed that in England there appeared two political parties_____A. the Whigs and the ToriesB. the Senate and the House of RepresentativesC. the upper House and lower HouseD. the House of Lords and the House of Representatives20.“If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?”is an epigrammatic line by __.A. William WordsworthB. P. B. ShelleyC. George ByronD. John KeatsⅡ. Translate the following literary terms (English into Chinese and Chinese into English) （1′×10=10分）1．iambic pentameter 2. heroic couplet 3. antagonist 4. soliloquy 5. sonnet6. 无韵体诗7. 民谣8. 伏笔, 铺垫9. 诗节10. 清教主义III. Identify the author and title of the literary work (2′×5=10分)1.So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.2.Histories make men wise; poets, witty; the mathematics, subtle; natural philosophy, deep; moral, grave; logic and rhetoric, able to contend.3.All is not lost: the unconquerable will,And study of revenge, immortal hate,And courage never to submit or yield:And what is else not to be overcome?4. Till a’ the seas gang dry, my dear,And the rocks melt wi’ the sun:I will love thee still, my dear,While the sands o’ life shall run.5. And then my heart with pleasure fills,And dances with the daffodilsIV. Define the following literary terms (Each term should include the time, the features and representative figures or significance) (5′×4=20分)1. English Renaissance2. English Enlightenment3. Pre-Romanticism4. Metaphysical PoetryV. Interpreting the following texts(20′×2=40分)Text 1The curfew tolls the knell of parting day,The lowing herd wind slowly o’er the lea,The plowman homeward plods his weary way,And leaves the world to darkness and to me. (stanza 1)The breezy call of incense-breathing Morn,The swallow twittering from the straw-bulit shed,The cock’s shrill clarion, or the echoing horn,No more shall rouse them from their lowly bed. (stanza 5)Questions:1.Identify the author and the title of this poem (2分)2.Examine the poetic form (rhyme, foot and meter should be involved) (3分)3.Explain the underlined words (4分)4.What is the tone in stanza 1? How does the poet achieve it? (3分)5.Stanza 5 involoves rich imagery, please classify them and give examples. (6分)6.Point out the rhetorical devices in the above poem (2分)Text 2I wander through each chartered street,Near where the chartered Thames does flow,And mark in every face I meetMarks of weakness, marks of woe.In every cry of every man,In every infant's cry of fear,In every voice, in every ban,The mind-forged manacles I hear.How the chimney-sweeper's cryEvery blackening church appals;And the hapless soldier's sighRuns in blood down palace walls.Questions:1.Explain the underlined words. (5分)2.Identify the poetic form (3分)3.This poem is the mightiest brief poem, how does William Blake convey the mighty lines? (4分)4.Understand “chartered street and chartered Thames” and “Mind-forged manacles”? (4分)5.Please analyze the images of “Chimney-sweeper” and “soldier’s sigh”. (4分)英国文学史及作品选读（模拟试题一）参考答案Ⅰ. Multiple Choice1.__B__2.___C_3.__D__4.__A__5.__C___6.__D__7.__C__8.__B__9.__A__ 10.__D___11.__C__ 12.__C__ 13.__D__ 14.__B__ 15.__D__16.__B__ 17.__D__ 18.__C__ 19.__A__ 20.__B__Ⅱ. Translate the following literary terms (English into Chinese and Chineseinto English)1.抑扬格五音步2. 英雄双韵体3.反面人物4.独白5.十四行6.blank verse7.ballads8.foreshadowing9. stanza 10. PuritanismIII. Identify the author and title of the literary work1. William Shakespeare Sonnet 182. Francis Bacon Of Studies3. John Milton Paradise Lost4. Robert Burns A Red, Red Rose5.William Wordsworth I Wandered Lonely as a CloudIV. Define the following literary terms (Each term should include the time, the features and representative figures or significance)1.English RenaissanceIt sprang first in Italy in the 14th century and gradually spread all over Europe. It made its appearance in England in the 16th and 17th centuries. It means the rebirth of Greek and Roman culture. Two features are striking of this movement. The one is a thirsting curiosity for the classical literature. Another one is the keen interest in the activities of humanity. Humanism is the key-note of Renaissance. Thomas More, Christopher Marlowe and William Shakespeare are the best representatives of the English Reanaissance.2. English EnlightenmentThe 18th century marked the beginning of an intellectual movement in Europe, known as theEnlightenment, which was, on the whole, an expression of struggle of the bourgeoisie against feudalism. The enlighteners fought against class inequality, stagnation, prejudices and other survivals of feudalism. They attempt to place all branches of science at the service of mankind by connecting them with the actual needs and requirements of people. English enlighteners differed in some way from those of France “cleared the minds of men for the coming revolution,”the English enlighteners set no revolutionary aims before them.They stove to bring it to an end by clearing away the feudal ideas with the bourgeois ideology. The representatives are Joseph Addison, Richard Steele (essayists), Daniel Defoe, Jonathan Swift (novelists), and Alexander Pope (poet).3. Pre-RomanticismIn the latter half of the 18th century, a new literary movement arose in Europe, called the Romantic Revival.It was marked by a strong protest against the bondage of Classicism, by a recognition of the claims of passion and emotion, and by a renewed interest in medieval literature. In England, this movement showed itself in the trend of Pre-Romanticism in poetry. William Blake and Robert Burns are the representatives.4. Metaphysical PoetryMetaphysical Poetry is commonly used to name the work of the 17th century writers who wrote under the influence of John Donne. With a rebellious spirit, the metaphysical poets try to break away from the conventional fashion of the Elizabethan love poetry. They are characterized by mysticism in content and fantasticality in form. John Donne is the leading figure of the “metaphysical school.”V. Interpreting the following textsText 11.Thomas Gray Elergy Written in a Country Churchyard2. Examine the poetic form (rhyme, foot and meter should be involved)ˇThe `cur/ˇfew `tolls/ ˇthe `knell/ ˇof `par/ˇting `day,/ aThe lowing herd wind slowly o’er the lea, bThe plowman homeward plods his weary way, aAnd leaves the world to darkness and to me. bIt is written in iambic pentameter, rhymed abab3. Explain the underlined wordsCurfew: evening bell lea: meadow plods: walks with heavy steps lowly bed: grave4.What is the tone in stanza 1? How does the poet achieve it?Tone: gloomy and melancony through imagery, long vowels and diphthongs5.Stanza 5 involoves rich imagery, please classify them and give examples.Visual image: strw-built shedAuditory image: cock’s clarion, echoing hornTactile image: breezy call6.Point out the rhetorical devices in the above poemTransferred epithet and EuphemismText 26.Explain the underlined words.Chartered: possessed as the private property marks; signs ban: ProhibitionAppals: shocks hapless: unfortunate7.Identify the poetic formIt is written in iambic tetrameter, rhymed abab.ˇI `wan/ˇder `through/ ˇeach `char/ˇtered `street,/ˇNear `where/ˇthe `char/ˇtered `Thames/ ˇdoes `flow/8.This poem is the mightiest brief poem, how does William Blake convey the mighty lines?Parallelism and repetition every is repeated five times in stanza 29.Understand “chartered street and chartered Thames” and “Mind-forged manacles”?chartered street and chartered Thames show the outlook of English bourgeoisie, their extreme greedMind-forged manacles mean that people under political white terror, they are bonded physically and mentally. They have no freedom in their mind.10.Please analyze the images of “Chimney-sweeper” and “soldier’s sigh”.Chimney-sweeper: to expose the hypocrisy of the churchSolider’s sigh: they are forced to fight for their country, but their blood runs along the palace wall.The war is full of cruelty. So they give the sigh。
英国文学史及作品选读自测题1
Test Paper OneⅠ. Identification.1. Identify each on the left column with its related information on the right column.(1) Ernest Jones A. euphuism(2) Oscar Wilde B. Lake poet(3) John Lyly C. Chartist poetry(4) Robert Louis Stevenson D. tragedy(5) Robert Southey E. sentimentalism(6) George Eliot F. critical realism(7) Laurence Sterne G. art for art’s sake(8) Pamela H. Kunstlerroman(9) A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man I. epistolary novel(10) Macbeth J. neo-romanticism2. Identify the author with his or her work.(1) Charles Dickens A. A Passage to India(2) E. M. Foster B. Paradise Regained(3) Virginia Woolf C. The Garden Party(4) John Milton D. Of Studies(5) Shelley E. Jonathan Wild the Great(6) Francis Bacon F. Jude the Obscure(7) Katherine Mansfield G. The Waste Land(8) Henry Fielding H. Hard Times(9) T. S. Eliot I. To the Lighthouse(10) Thomas Hardy J. Prometheus UnboundⅡ. Fill in the blanks.1. was one of the most prominent of the 20th century English realistic writers. The Man of Property is one of his works.2. As a literary figure, Stephen Dedalus appears in two novels written by .3. Of Human Bondage is a naturalistic novel by , dealing with the story ofa deformed orphan trying vainly to be an artist.4. , T. S. Eliot’s most important single poem, has been hailed as a landmark and a model of the 20th century English poetry, comparable to Wordsworth’s Lyrical Ballads.5. Henry James’ most famous short story is , a ghost story in which the question of childhood corruption obsesses governess.6. The pessimistic view of life that p redominates most of Hardy’s later works earns him a reputation as a writer.7. is regarded as the oldest poem in English literature.8. The most famous English ballads of the 15th century is the Ballads of ,a legendary outlaw.9. The greatest and most distinctive achievement of Elizabethan literature is ________.10. and were two schools of poetry prevailing in the 17th century.11. wrote his famous prose composite on “An Essay of Dramatic Poesy” i n1668, which established his position as the leading critic of the day. 12. , one of Graham Green’s best novels, tells a story of the wandering of a whisky priest, an outlaw in Mexico, who is seedy and alcoholic as an ordinary man, but fulfills his function as priest.13. is Byron’s masterpiece, written in the prime of his creative power. He called it an “epic satire”, “a satire on abuses of the present state of society.”14. Romanticism was in effect a revolt of the English against the neoclassical , which prevailed from the days of Pope to those of Johnson.15. All such works of Coleridge as “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner”, “Christable” and “Kubla Khan” revealed his keen interest in.16. The Chartist writers introduced a new theme into English literature: the struggle of the for its rights.17. The Rape of the Lock takes the form of a , which describes the triviality of high society in a grand style.18. In , Jonathan Swift suggests that children of the poor Irish people be sold at one year old as food for the English nobles. It shows his indignation toward the terrible oppression and exploitation of the Irish people by the English ruling class.19. Horace Walpole’s novel began the tradition of Gothic romance in English literature.20. The typical feature of Robert Browning’s poetry is the .Ⅲ. Choose the best answer.1. Life of Charlotte Bronte is written by .A. Emily BronteB. Anne BronteC. Mrs. GaskellD. George Eliot2. was appointed poet laureate in succession to Wordsworth in1850.A. Alfred TennysonB. Robert BrowningC. Mrs. BrowningD. Dante Rossetti3. Most of Hardy’s novels are set in , the fictional primitive andcrude region which is really the home place he both loves and hates.A. LondonB. YoknapatawphaC. WessexD. Paris4. Which of the following novels doe s NOT belong to the “stream-of- consciousness” school of novel writing?A. UlyssesB. Finnegan’s WakeC. The RainbowD. The Waves5. is a story about the three generations of the Brangwen family on the Marsh farm.A. Sons and LoversB. Women in LoveC. The RainbowD. Man and Superman6. William Butler Yeats was .A. an Irish poetB. a dramatistC. a criticD. all of the above7. The hero in the romance is usually the .A. kingB. knightC. ChristD. churchman8. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the Elizabethan age?A. It is the age of intellectual liberty.B. It is the age of protestant reformation.C. It is the age of social contentment.D. It is the age of bourgeois revolution.9. The Pilgrim’s Progress is .A. a religious allegoryB. a dramatic sonnetC. a historical novelD. a long epic10. In his early volumes of poetry, mainly writes about animals which are emblems and analogues intended as comments on human life.A. Philip LarkinB. W. H. AudenC. Dylan ThomasD. Ted Hughes11. In The French Lieutenant’s Woman, is an existentially independent woman, as she said in the novel, “No limit, no blame, can touch me.”A. SarahB. ErnestinaC. MirandaD. Mantissa12. is distinctive in English literature because he makes thriller a serious form, and thus he bridges the gap between popular and serious writers.A. Graham GreeneB. George OrwellC. Evelyn WaughD. William Golding13. In , William Wordsworth set forth his prin ciples of poetry, “all good poetry is the spontaneous overflow of powerful feeling”.A. The Preface to Lyrical BalladsB. The Rime of the Ancient MarinerC. A Defence of PoetryD. Lectures on the English Poets14. The following statements are about “Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage”. Which statement is NOT true?A. It is about a young aristocrat whose “world-weariness” bespeaks his loathing forEnglish high society.B. Besides Harold’s impressions of the countries he visits, the poem is interspersedwith lyrical outbursts which give utterance to the poet’s own philosophical and political views.C. The first canto deals with Albania and Greece.D. The last canto sings of Italy and the Italian people who have given the worldgreat writers and thinkers like Dante.15. ’s poetry is always sensuous, colorful and rich in imagery, which expresses the acuteness of his senses. In his poetry, sight, sound, scent taste andfeeling are all taken into give an entire understanding of an experience.A. KeatsB. ShelleyC. WordsworthD. Byron16. Modern English novel, as a product of the 18th century Enlightenment and industrialization, really came with the rising of the class.A. workingB. aristocraticC. bourgeoisD. capitalist17. T. B. Smollett used the form of the novel in his books. This was later followed by Charles Dickens in The Pick wick Papers.A. epistolaryB. picaresqueC. GothicD. psychological18. wrote under the influence of Scottish folk tradition and old Scottish poetry.A. Jonathan SwiftB. Robert BurnsC. William BlakeD. Thomas Gray19. Which of the following is NOT from Ireland?A. Jonathan SwiftB. Alexander PopeC. Oliver GoldsmithD. Richard Brinsley Sheridan20. Which one is correct according to the time when they appeared?A. romanticism, neoclassicism, humanism, critical realismB. humanism, neoclassicism, romanticism, critical realismC. romanticism, humanism, realism, naturalismD. realism, critical realism, romanticism, humanismⅣ. Define the following terms.1. Parody2. Anti-novel3. Heroic couplet4. Blank verse5. Point of view6. Byronic hero7. Epistolarynovel edyofmannersⅤ. Short-answer questions.1. Please analyze Adam Bede to illustrate George Eliot’s moral view.2. What are the main features of the romance in the Middle Ages?3. Analyze the image of God in Paradise Lost.4. State briefly the artistic features of Jane Austen.5. What are the characteristics of William Blake’s poetry? Take “The Sick Rose” as an example.Ⅵ. Answer the questions according to the following passages.Passage 1I will arise and go now, and go to Innisfree,And a small cabin build there, of clay and wattles made:Nine bean-rows will I have there, a hive for the honey-bee,And live alone in the bee-loud glade.And I shall have some peace there, for peace comes dropping slow,Dropping from the veils of the mourning to where the cricket sings;There midnight’s all a glimmer, and noon a purple glow,And evening full of the linnet’s wings.I will arise and go now, for always night and dayI hear lake water lapping with low sounds by the shore;While I stand on the roadway, or on the pavements gray,I hear it in the deep heart’s core.Questions:1.Identify the author and the title of the poem.2.Why does the poet want to “arise and go”?3. Analyze the structure of this poem briefly.4. What is the theme of this poem?5. What are stylistic features of this poem?Passage2The spectral, half-compounded, aqueous light which pervaded the open mead impressed them with the feeling of isolation, as if they were Adam and Eve... It was then, as has been said, that she impressed him most deeply. She was no longer the milk maid, but a visionary essence of woman-a whole sex condensed into one typical form....Then it would grow lighter, and her features would becomes imply feminine; they had changed from those of a divinity who could confer bliss to those of a being who craved it.Questions:6. This is from Tess of the D’ Urbervilles, the section titled “The Rally” and Chapter XX. Who is “she” in this passage?7. What does this phrase “as if they were Adam and Eve” symbolize?8. How does the paragraph summarize the way that the man feels about the woman and how does this view of her influence the plot?Ⅶ. Essay question.Comment on D. H. Lawrence with reference to Sons and Lovers.KeysⅠ. Identification.1. Identify each on the left column with the related information on the right column. (1) C (2) G (3) A (4) J (5) B(6) F (7) E (8) I (9) H (10) D2. Identify the author with his or her work.(1) H (2) A (3) I (4) B (5) J(6) D (7) C (8) E (9) G (10) FⅡ. Fill in the blanks.1. John Galswathy2. James Joyce3. William Somerset Maugham4. The Waste Land5. The Turn of the Screw6. naturalistic7. Beowulf 8. Robin Hood9. drama 10. Metaphysical Poetry; Cavalier Poetry 11. John Dryden 12. The Power and the Glory13. Don Juan14. Imagination; reason15. mysticism 16. proletariat17. mock epic 18. A Modest Proposal19. The Castle of Otranto20. dramatic monologueⅢ. Choose the best answer.1. C2. A3. C4. C5. C6. D7. B8. D9. A 10. D11. A 12. A 13. A 14. C 15. A16. C 17. B 18. B 19. B 20. BⅣ. Define the following terms.1. Parody: A parody is a high burlesque. It imitates the serious manner and characteristic features of a particular literary work, or the distinctive style of a particular author, or the typical stylistic and other features of a serious literary genre, and deflates the original by applying the imitation to a lowly or comically inappropriate subject. Henry Fielding in Joseph Andrews parodied Samuel Richardson’s Pamela by putting a hearty male heroin place of Richardson’s heroine.2. Anti-novel: A form of experimental fiction that dispenses with certain traditional elements of novel-writing like the analysis of characters’ states of mind or the unfolding of a sequential plot. Antecedents of the anti-novel can be found in the blank pages and comically self-defeating digressions of Sterne’s Tristram Shandy (1759~1767) and in some of the innovations of modernism, like the absence of narration in Virginia Woolf’s The Waves (1931).3. Heroic couplet: Iambic pentameter lines rhyming in pairs are called decasyllabic (ten-syllable) couplets or heroic couplets.4. Blank verse:Blank verse was first introduced by the Earl of Surrey in his translations of Books 2 and 4of Virgil’s The Aeneid. It consists of lines of iambic pentameter (five-stress iambic verse) which are unrhymed—hence the term “blank”. Of all English metrical forms it is closest to the natural rhythms of English speech, and at the same time flexible and adaptive to diverse levels of discourse; as a result it has been more frequently and variously used than any other type of versification. It became the standard meter for Elizabethan and later poetic drama; a free form of blank verse is still the medium in twentieth-century verse plays.5. Point of view: The vantage point from which a narrative is told. There are two basic points of view: first-person and third-person.(1) In the first-person point of view, the story is told by one of the characters in hisor her own word. The first-person point of view is limited, since the reader is told only what this character knows and observes.(2) In the third person point of view, the narrator is not a character in the story .Thenarrator may be an “omniscient” or “all-knowing” observer who can describe and comment on all the characters and actions in the story. On the other hand, the third-person narrator might tell a story from the point of view of only one character in the story.6. Byronic hero:A stereotyped character created by Byron. This kind of hero is usually a proud, mysterious rebel figure of noble origin. With immense superiority in his passions and powers, he would carry on his shoulders the burden of right in gall the wrongs in a corrupt society. He would rise single-handedly against any kind of tyrannical rules either in government, in religion, or in moral principles with unconquerable wills and inexhaustible energies. The conflict is usually one of rebellious individuals against outworn social systems and conventions.7. Epistolary novel: A type of novel in which the narrative is carried on by means of series of letters. The genre was extremely popular during the 18th century. Samuel Richardson’s Pamela is among the best-known epistolary novels.8. Comedy of manners: A kind of comedy representing the complex and sophisticated code of behavior current in fashionable circles of society, where appearances count for more than true moral character. Its humor relies chiefly on elegant verbal wit and repartee. In England, the comedy of manners flourished as the dominant form of Restoration comedy in the works of Etheredge, Wycherley and Congreve. It was revived in a more subdued form in the 1770s by Goldsmith and Sheridan, and later by Oscar Wilde.Ⅴ. Short-answer questions.1. As a philosopher turned novelist, Eliot wrote her novels with the aim o f propagating her moral views. Adam Bede is a novel of moral conflicts, showing the contest of personal desires, passion, temperament, human weaknesses and the claims of moral duty. The theme of social in equality is blended in the book with a moralization typical of the author. In the novel, the two pairs, Arthur and Hetty on the one hand, and Adam and Dinah on the other, are described in contrast to each other. The former couple are shown to be always thinking of their own interests without any consideration of others, while the latter pair are endowed with high moral principles which guide their conduct for the good of others and of themselves. The novelist takes her side with the latter party. According to Eliot, the moral principles of man are closely c onnected with the “religion of heart”. This shows theinfluence of the bourgeois positivist philosophy which seeks to reconcile science with religion and to prove the possibility of social harmony and concord in a capitalist society.2. The romance was the prevailing form of literature in the Middle Ages. Its essential features are:(1) It lacks general resemblance to truth or reality.(2) It exaggerates the vices of human nature and idealizes the virtues.(3) It contains perilous adventures more or less remote from ordinary life.(4) It lays emphasis on supreme devotion to a fair lady.(5) The central character of the romance is the knight, a man of noble birth skilledin the use of weapons. He is commonly described as riding forth to seek adventures, taking part in tournaments, or fighting for his lord in battle. He is devoted to the church and the king.3. In the poem God is no better than a selfish despot, seated upon a throne with a chorus of angels about him eternally singing his praises. His long speeches are never pleasing. He is cruel and unjust in his struggle against Satan.4. (1) Jane Austen’s main concern is about human beings in their personal relations,human beings with their families and neighbors. She is particularly preoccupied with the relationship between men and women in love.(2) She writes with in a narrow sphere. The subject matter, the character range, themoral setting, physical setting and social setting, and plots are all restricted to the provincial or village life of the 19th-century England, all concerning three or four landed gentry families with the trivial incidents of their everyday life. (3) Her novels are surprisingly realistic, with keen observation and penetratinganalysis. She keeps the balance between fact and form as no other English novelist has ever done.(4) Austen uses dialogues to reveal the personalities of her characters. The plots ofher novels appear natural and unforced. Her characters are vividly portrayed and everyone comes alive.(5) Her language, which is of typical neoclassicism, is simple, easy, naturally lucidand very economical.5. Blake writes his poems in plain and direct language. His poems often carry the lyric beauty with immense compression of meaning. He distrusts the abstractness and tends to present his view with visual images instead of abstract terms. Symbolism in wide range is also a distinctive feature of his poetry.In “The Sick Rose”, the poet is looking at a blighted rose. He is moved to reflect on some kind of curious relationship between love and death. The poem is brief and on the surface the language is simple and lucid. Beneath the poem is a profound vision of good and evil, of life-bringing and death-bringing love, of brightness and darkness, of forces we can know little about, of motives that are hard to fathom.Ⅵ. Answer the questions according to the following passages.Passage 11. William Butler Yeats’ “The Lake Isle Of Innisfree”.2. “While I stand on the roadway, or on the pavements gray”, which is a typical image of city dwe lling, the poet finds that he doesn’t feel good in urban surroundings and is tired of the life of his day, and he hears in his heart “lake water lapping with low sounds by the shore”, so he wants to “arise and go” to escape into an ideal “fairyland” where he could live calmly as a hermit and enjoy the beauty of the nature.3. The poem consists of three quatrains of iambic pentameter, with each stanza rhymed abab.4. The poem is one of the poet’s best-known lyrics and a popular representative of the poems which get meaning by contrasting ideas or images like human and fairy, natural and artificial, domestic and wild, and ephemeral and permanent. Tired of the life of his day, the poets ought to escape into an ideal “fairyland” where he could live calmly as a hermit and enjoy the beauty of the nature. From his viewpoint, the best remedy for the blankness of his life seems to be a return to simple and serene life of the past.5. The poem is closely woven, easy, subtle and musical. The clarity and control of the imagery give the poem a hunting quality.Passage 26. Tess of the D’s Urbervilles, or “Tess” is an acceptable answer.7. It symbolizes their innocence or perhaps the idea that they see each other, especially Angel sees Tess, as perfect.8. Angel basically sees Tess as a pure, innocent representative of the whole race, not as a real person. He idealizes her too much and does not allow for her to be an actual human with weaknesses. Later, he deserts her when he realizes that she has been with another man already—she is not the perfect person he had imagined so he leaves her. Grading notes: to get all the points the student must mention the fact that Angel sees Tess as more perfect than she is, that he is disappointed in some way by this, and that he leaves h er later when he realizes that she isn’t perfect/innocent.Ⅶ. Essay question.D. H. Lawrence is one of the greatest English novelists of the 20th century. He makes a strong protest against the mechanical civilization. It is this agonized concern about the dehumanizing effect of mechanical civilization on the sensual tenderness of human nature that haunts Lawrence’s writing. He holds that the only remedy to the decaying civilization is through are arrangement of personal relationships and are turn to nature .In his writings, he is chiefly concerned with human relationships, especially with the relation of self to other selves. From his viewpoint, the most important relationship is the one between man and woman, which should develop freely and healthily. Lawrence is one of the first novelists to introduce themes of ps ychology into his works. Lawrence’s artistic tendency is mainly realism, which combines dramatic scenes with an authoritative commentary. Through a combination of traditional realism and the innovating elements of symbolism and poetic imagination, Lawrence has managed to depict the subtle ebb and flow of his characters’ subconscious life.All these features of D. H. Lawrence are reflected in his autobiographical novel Sons and Lovers thematically, sociologically and psychologically. Lawrence was from a working-class family. His father was a miner with little education, thus his mother, a school teacher, thought she had married beneath her and was eager to raise the level of her sons. His mother’s claims on him kept frustrating his relationships with girls, and personal problems and conflicts that resulted are vividly presented in this novel.Sons and Lovers displays Lawrence’s characteristic themes: the dehumanizing effect of the bourgeois industrialization; the complexity of human relationship; the emotional possession; and the spiritual liberation of the protagonist in search for identity and fulfillment as an artist. The psychic conflict in human relationships is the central theme. Sociologically, Sons and Lovers is a novel about the “sickness of a whole ci vilization” that causes the destruction of human nature. Psychologically, the novel depicts a triangle of father, mother and son, which embodies Freud’s remarkable psychosexual theory.。
英国文学史及选读试卷
英国⽂学史及选读试卷英国⽂学史及选读试卷Part OneI. Multiple Choice (40 points in all, 1 for each)Select from the four choices of each item the one that best answers the question or completes the statement. Write your choice on the answer sheet.1. The sentence “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?”is thebeginning line of one of Shakespeare’s____. ( )A. comediesB. tragediesC. historiesD. sonnets2. _____is the most successful religious allegory in the English language. ( )A. The Pilgrim’s processB. Grace Abounding to the Chief of SinnersC. The Life and Death of Mr. BadmanD. The Holy War3. Among the representatives of the Enlightenment, who was one ofthe first to introduce rationalism to England? ( )A. John BunyanB. Daniel DefoeC. Alexander PopeD.Jonathan Swift4. Of all the eighteenth-century novelists, who was the first to set out,both in theory and practice, to write a “comic epic in prose”, the first to give the modern novel its structure and style? ( )A. Thomas GrayB. Richard Brinsley SheridanC. Jonathan SwiftD. Henry Fielding5. Generally, the renaissance refers to the period between the 14thand mid-17th centuries, its essence is ____( )A. scienceB. philosophyC. artsD. humanism6. Which of the following is not true about Renaissance? ( )A. Humanism is the essence of the Renaissance.B. Attitudes and feelings which had been characteristic of the14th and 15thcenturies persisted well into the era of humanism and Reformation.C. It was Chaucer, who initiated the Reformation.D. The Elizabethan drama, in its totality, is the real main streamof the English Renaissance.7. “ So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. ”What does “this ” refer to? ( )A. loverB. timeC. summerD. poetry8. Fielding has been regarded by some as “____”, for hiscontribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel. ( )A. Best Writer of the English NovelB. Father of the English NovelC. the most gifted writer of the English novelD. conventional writer of the English novel9. It is ____alone who, for the first time in English literature,presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life. ( )A. Geoffrey ChaucerB. Matin LutherC. William LanglandD. John Gower10. The Renaissance is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events, which one of the following is Not such an event? ( )A.the rediscovery of ancient Roman and Greek cultureB.England’s domestic restC.new discovery in geography and astrologythe religious reformation and the economic expansion11. ____ was the first person who introduced printing into England?( )A. William CaxtonB. VirgilC. HomerD. Plutarch12. Which of the following statements is not the reason for thatEdmund Spenser is famous for “the poet’s poet”? ( )A. Spenser’s idealismB. his struggle for criteriaC. his love of beautyD. his exquisite melody13. In Shelley’s “To a Skylark ”,the bird, suspended between realityand poetic image, pours forth an exultant song which suggests to the poet____. ( )A. both celestial rapture and human limitationB. both image creation and profound meaningC. both music wordsD. both inspiration and skill of writing14. Marlowe gave new vigor to ____ with his “mighty lines” ( )A. the Petrarchan sonnetB. sestinaC. terza rimaD. blank verse15. “Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I amsoulless and heartless? … And if God had gifted me with some beauty, and much wealth, I should have made it as hard for you to leave me, as it is now for me to leave.”The above quoted passage is most probably taken from ____. ( )A. Great ExpectationsB. Wuthering HeightsC. Jane EyreD. Pride and Prejudice16. The sentence “And now he stared at her so earnestly that Ithought the very intensity of his gaze would bring tears into his eyes”but they burned with anguish, they did not melt”are found in ____. ( )A. Wuthering Heights by Emily Bront?B. Jane Eyre byCharlotte Bront?C. Gulliver’s Travels by Jonathan SwiftD. Paradise Lost byJohn Milton17. All the following four except ____ are the most famous dramatistin the Renaissance England. ( )A. Francis BaconB. Christopher MarloweC. William ShakespeareD. Ben Johnson18. The First two Lines of Alfred Tennyson’s well-Known poem“Break, Break, Break” read “Break, break, break, /On thy cold grey stones, O Sea! ” The repeated word “break” suggests____.( )A. joyB. fearC. fondnessD. hatred19. In the following descriptions of the Neoclassical Period, which iswrong? ( )A. The Neoclassical Period is prior to the Romantic Period.B. Henry Fielding is one of the representatives of theNeoclassical Period.C. The Modern English Novel came into being in theNeoclassical PeriodD. The Neoclassical Period is also known as the Age ofEnlightenment.20. “O prince, O chief of many thronèd power, /That led th’embattled seraphim to war /Under thy conduct, and in dreadful deeds /fearless, endangered Heaven’s perpetual King”In the third line of the above quoted from Milton’s Paradise Lost, the phrase “thy conduct” refers to ____ conduct. ( )A. God’sB. Satan’sC. Adam’sD. Eve’s21. In the long poem “The Ring and the Book”, the “Book”iscompared to ____. ( )A. loveB. comprehensive knowledgeC. the hard truthD. the method of study22. In the following descriptions of Gothic novel, which is not true? ( )A. Gothic novel was one phase of the Romantic movement.B. Gothic novel predominated in the eighteenth century.C. Its principal elements are violence, horror and the supernatural.D. Works like The Mysteries of Udolpho by Ann Radcliff and Frankenstein by Mary Shelley are typical Gothic romance.23. Which of the following comments on William Blake is not true? ( )A. childhood is central to Blake’s concern in the Songs of Innocence and Songs of Experience.B. Blake’s Marriage of Heaven and Hell marks his entry into maturity.C. The Book of Loss is his Masterpiece.D. Symbolism in wide range is a distinctive feature of his poetry.24. It is generally regarded that Keats’s most important and mature poem are in the form of ____. ( )A. elegyB. odeC. EpicD. sonnet25. Daniel Defoe’s novels mainly focus on ____. ( )A. the struggle of the unfortunate for mere existenceB. the struggle of the shipwrecked persons for securityC. the struggle of the pirates for wealthD. the desire of the criminals for property26. In The Shepherd’s Calendar, Edmund Spenser tried to express ____. ( )A. He met Sir Philip Sidney and started a friendship with him.B. He met Leicester.C. his laments over the loss of RosalindD. his laments over the loss of Elizabeth27. In Beowulf, ____ fought against the monster Grendel and a firebreathing dragon.A. the Anglo-SaxonsB. BeowulfC. the ScandinaviansD. the Winter Dragon28. “So much the worse for me, that I am strong. Do I want to live?What kind of living will it be when you-oh, God! Would you like to live with your soul in the grave?” In the above passage quoted from Emily Bront?’s Wuthering Heights, the word “soul”apparently refers to ____. ( )A. HeathcliffB. ghostC. one’s spiritual liftD.Catherine29. In terms of Elegy written in a Country Churchyard, which iswrong? ( )A. The author employs metaphor in this poem.B. The author excessively expresses his personal melancholy.C. Here he reveals his sympathy for the poor and unknown.D. He mocks the great ones who despise the poor and bringhavoc.30. In Spenser’s masterpiece The Faerie Queene, he speaks of ____virtues of the private gentleman. ( )A. 10B. 11C. 12D. 13statement about Emily Bront? is not true? ( )A. She was famousfor her Wuthering Heights.B. She wrote 193 poemsC. She lived a very short life.D. Her masterpiece is noted for its optimistic tone.32. Francis Bacon is best known for his __ which greatly influencedthe development of this literary form. ( )A. essaysB. poemsC. worksD. plays33. The literary form of The Faerie Queene is ____. ( )A. allegorical poemB. lyrical poemC. ironical poemD. narrative poem34. The author of the work “Men of England” is ___. ( )A. T. S. EliotB. Thomas GrayC. ShelleyD. Walt Whitman35. Of the following descriptions, which doesn’t belong to thecharacteristics of Spenser’s poetry? ( )A. a perfect melodyB. a rare sense of beautyC. a splendid imaginationD. realism36. We can perhaps describe the west wind in Shelley’s poem “Odeto the West Wind” with all the following terms except __.A. swiftB. proudC. tamedD. wild37. Which of the following cannot correctly describe EnlightenmentMovement? ( )A. Enlightenment Movement flourished in France.B. Enlightenment Movement was a furtherance of theRenaissance.C. The purpose of the movement was to enlighten the wholeworld.D. It advocated individual education.38. “Place me on Sunium’s marbled steep, /Where nothing, save thewave and I, /May hear our mutual murmurs sweep; /There, swan-like, let me sing and die; /A land of slaves shall ne’er be mine─ /Dash down you cup of Samian wine!” These lines are taken from ____. ( )A. The Isle of Greece by ByronB. Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard by Thomas GrayC. The Solitary Reaper by William WordsworthD. Song of the Luddites by Byron39. “Blindness”, “partiality”, “prejudice”and “absurdity”in thenovel Pride and Prejudice most likely the characteristics of ____. ( )A. ElizabethB. DarcyC. Mr. BennetD. Mrs. Bennet40. Which of writings by John Milton is the most influentialdramatic poem after the Greek style in English? ( )A. Samson AgonistesB. Paradise LostC. Paradise RegainedD. AreopagiticaII. Reading Comprehension ( 16 points, 4 for each )Read the quoted parts carefully and answer the questions in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.41. “To be, or not to be—that is the question;Whether’tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortune,Or to take arms against a sea of troubles,And by opposing end them? To die, to sleep----”Questions:A.Identify the play and the playwright.B.What is the meaning of “To be, or not to be”?C.Based on the lines, discuss the characteristic of theprotagonist.42. “ ‘Yes, so, sir,’ I rejoined: ‘and yet not so; for you are a marriedman─or as good as a married man, and wed to one inferior to you─to with whom you have no sympathy─whom I do not believe you truly love; for I have seen and heard you sneer at her.I would scorn such a union; therefore I am better than you─letme go!’”Questions:A.What does “I” represent? Who is “I” in text?B.Identify the writer and the title of the novel from which thispassage is taken.C.What idea do the passage expresses?43. “If he be not apt to beat over matters, let him study the lawyer’scases. So every defect of the mind may have a special receipt.”Questions:A.What does “beat over matters”mean? What does “receipt”refer to? From which essay do the above sentences come, what is the essay mainly about?44. “When my mother died I was very young, / And my father soldme while yet my tongue / Could scarcely cry “’weep! weep!weep!”/So your chimney I sweep, ﹠in soot I sleep”Questions:A.Who is the author of this stanza, and what is the title of thepoem from which this stanza is taken? What does the “weep”mean? Based on this stanza, discuss the characteristics of his poems in his early years.Part TwoIII. Questions and Answers ( 24 points in all, 6 for each) Give brief answers to each of the following questions in English. Write your answers in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.45. How do you understand that Dickens is the greatest criticalrealist writer of the Victorian Age?46. The following quotation is the ending of a poem by Robert Browning:Nay, we’ll goTogether down, sir. Notice Neptune, though,Taming a seahorse, though a rarity,Which Claus of Innsbruck cast in bronze for me.Questions:A.Who is the speaker? What is the importance of the allusion“Neptune… / Taming a seahorse” in the whole poem?B.What is the title of the poem?47. What is neoclassicism?48. Robinson Crusoe is universally considered as Daniel Defoe’smasterpiece. Discuss why it became so successful when it was published?IV. Topics for Discussion ( 20 points in all, 10 for each) Write no less than 150 words on each of the following topics in English in the corresponding space on the answer sheet.49. According to the setting of the poem Paradise Lost, discuss thetheme, the author’s intention to create it and the implication that the poem expresses.50. Generally speaking, Jane Austen was a writer of the 18th century,though she lived mainly in the nineteenth century. Based on her writing, discuss Jane Austen’s greatest contribution to English literature.。
英国文学史及选读第一册复习题(文档良心出品)
History and Anthology of English LiteratureI Multiple Choices1. The story of _________ is the culmination of the Arthurian romances.A. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightB. BeowulfC. Piers the PlowmanD. The Canterbury Tales2. Chaucer died on October 25th, 1400, and was buried in _________.A. FlandersB. FranceC. ItalyD. Westminster Abbey3. Utopia was written in the form of _________.A. proseB. dramaC. essayD. dialogue4. _________ is the leading figure of Metaphysical poetry.A. John DonneB. George HerbertC. Andre MarvellD. Henry Vaughan5. _________ is not written by William Blake.A. The Marriage of Heaven and HellB. Songs of ExperienceC. Auld Lang SyneD. Poetical Sketches6. “Some book are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.This sentence is taken from _________.s Oliver TwistA. Swift’s A Modest Proposal B.Dickens’s Tom Jones D. Bacon’s Of StudiesC. Fielding’7. Which poet is not the “Lake Poet”？A. William WordsworthB. S. T. ColeridgeC. SoutheyD. Keats8. Generally，the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries，itsessence is _________.A. ScienceB. ArtsC. PhilosophyD. Humanism9. Romance, which uses verse or prose to describe the adventures and life of the knights, is thepopular literary form in _________.A. RomanticismB. RenaissanceC. medieval periodD. Anglo-Saxon period10. Gothic novels are mostly stories of ________, which take place in some haunted or dilapidatedMiddle Age castles.A. love and marriageB. sea adventuresC. mystery and horrorD. saints and martyrs11. The Houyhnhnms depicted by Jonathan Swift in Gulliver’s Travels are _____.A. horses that are endowed with reasonB. pigmies that are endowed with admirable qualitiesC. giants that are superior in wisdomD. hairy, wild, low and despicable creatures, who resemble human beings not only inappearance but also in some other ways—Paradise Lost was written in the poetic style of ________.12. John Milton’s masterpieceA. rhymed stanzasB. blank verseC. alliterationD. sonnets13. Which of the following has / have associations with John Donne’s poetry?A. reason and sentimentB. conceits and witsC. the euphuismD. writing in the rhymed couplet14. Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries, itsessence is _______.A. scienceB. philosophyC. artsD. humanism15. The School for Scandal by Richard Brisley Sheridan has been regarded as the best _______since Shakespeare.A. tragedyB. proseC. comedyD. fableII Match( ) 1. Paradise Lost A. John Bunyan( ) 2. Tristram Shandy B. Oliver Goldsmith( ) 3. of Truth C. Geoffery Chaucer( ) 4. The Vicar of Wakefield D. Henry Fielding( ) 5. Canterbury Tales E. Jonathan Swift( ) 6. Tom Jones F. Samuel Richardson( ) 7. Gulliver’s Travels G. Edmund Spensers Progress H. Francis Bacon( ) 8. The Pilgrim’( ) 9. Pamela I. Laurence Sterne( )10. The Fairy Queen J. John MiltonIII Literary Terms (Choose Five of them to illustrate in English)1. Epic2. Romance3. Blank verse4. Sonnet5. Allegory6. Heroic couplet7. Comedy8. Tragedy9. Sentimentalism 10. EnlightenmentIV Poem Analysis(1)Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer's lease hath all too short a date:Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shinesAnd often is his gold complexion dimmed;And every fair from fair sometimes declines,By chance or nature's changing course untrimmed;But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st;Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st:So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.Questions:1. Who writes this poem? _____________________2. What type of this poem belongs to? _____________________A. SonnetB. BalladC. OdeD. Elegyodern English? _____________________3. What does “thee” mean in m4. What does “the eye of heaven” refer to? _____________________5. What’s the rhyme scheme of this poem? _____________________Try to give some examples.6. What’s the rhetorical devices used in this poem?__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________(2)O my luve 's like a red, red roseThat 's newly sprung in June:O my Luve 's like the melodieThat's sweetly play'd in tune!As fair art thou, my bonnie lass,So deep in luve am I:And I will luve thee still, my dear,Till a' the seas gang dry:Till a' the seas gang dry, my dear,And the rocks melt wi' the sun;I will luve thee still, my dear,While the sands o' life shall run.And fare thee weel, my only Luve,And fare thee weel a while!And I will come again, my Luve,Though it were ten thousand mile.Questions:1. Who write this poem? _____________________2. What’s the title of this poem? _____________________3. What does the poet compare red rose to? _____________________4. What is the rhyme scheme of the poem? _____________________5. Illustrate the first stanza in English in your own words._____________________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________V Conclude the main story of the literary work and make your own comments.Directions: There are four literary works listed as follows. Choose two of them to write down the main idea and make some comments on them.1. Tome Jones2. Robinson Crusoe3. Hamlets Travels4. Gulliver’。
英国文学史及选读--Part VI The 18th century 1
1. Hnt → major figures
Some of the major figures of the Enlightenment were David Hume（休姆）, Immanuel Kant（康 （休姆） （ 德）, John Locke（洛克）, the Baron de （洛克） Montesquieu（孟德斯鸠）, Jean-Jacques （孟德斯鸠） Rousseau（卢梭）, and Voltaire（伏尔泰）. The （卢梭） （伏尔泰） Encyclopédie（百科全书）of Denis Diderot（狄德 （百科全书） （ 集中体现;成为...缩影) ...缩影 罗） epitomized (集中体现;成为...缩影) the spirit of the age.
1. Historical background --- a world power
An Act of Union in 1707 joined Scotland to England and Wales. Britain became a world power, an empire on which the sun never set. But it also changed internally. The world seemed different in 1785. A sense of new, expanding possibilities — as well as modern problems — transformed the daily life of the British people, and offered them fresh ways of thinking about their relations to nature and to each other. Hence literature had to adapt to circumstances for which there was no precedent.
英国文学史及选读第一册Lecture1 beowulf——chaucer
Ⅳ Literary terms : Epic (or Heroic Poetry)
-- It is, originally , an oral narrative poem, majestic both in theme and style. -- With legendary or historical events of national or universal significance. -- Examples include the ancient Greek epics by the poet Homer, the Iliad and the Odyssey. (《伊利亚特》 和 《伊利亚特》 奥德赛》 《奥德赛》)
Old English Quiz
Q: What great warrior defeated Grendal? A. Hrothgar B. Caedmon C. Beowulf D. Bede
After-class Assignment
PREVIEW Job for Next Week:
--- The chief effects of Norman Conquest;
Ⅱ General Knowledge About Beowulf Theme: the heroic deeds of old time; a hero killing monsters (Grendel, a monster (Grendel, halfhalf-human, Grendel’s mother and a firefirebreathing dragon )to make the world safe for people Main Characters: Beowulf (a glorious hero, a savior of the people)and monsters Rhyme: Alliteration Comments: -- The very beginning of English poetry; -- World classics as Odyssey
英国文学史及选读1
英国文学史及选读11.H istorical BackgroundCelts 400B.C. Romans 50B.C. Anglo―Saxons 450A.D Norman Invasion 1066A.D. Roman empire从albion撤军，teutonic tribes(包括angles, Saxons,jutes)（条顿人or日耳曼人）陆续登陆此地。
2. Literature 1,pagan异教徒文学2 christian基督徒文学alliterative verse头韵诗Epic: Beowulf贝奥武甫（Denmark背景）（the hall heorot 鹿兀grendel:a monster half-human）1) Oral origin, recited in court, handed down in generations until finally it was recorded by certain poet.上下部分由pagan写，插入由christian写。
2) a mixture of history and legend.，england’s nationalepic 民国史诗诺曼时期1.H istorical BackgroundRoman conquest,接着是english conquest，最后是norman conquest。
The Norman Conquest in 1066Duke William of Normandy claimed himself William I, King of England.（the battle of hastings希斯廷战役）Kings―Barons男爵―Knights, a feudal system of hierarchy统治集团was formed。
2.T he language3.The literatureRomance was a type of literature that was very popularin the Middle Ages. It is about the life and adventures undertaken by a knight.It reflected the spirit of chivalry骑士制度. The content of romance: love, chivalry and religion. It involves fighting, adventures.Subject matter:Geoffrey’s History杰弗里《史记》，riming chronicles押韵编年史，metricalverse格律诗体，doggerel verse打油诗体1)t he Matter of France eg. Charlemagne and his peers查理曼大帝和他的骑士2)M atter of Greece and Rome eg Akexabder亚历山大大帝3)M atter of Britain tales having for their heroes Arthurand his knights of the Round Table3.m ain literatureSir Gawain and the green knight.高文爵士和绿衣骑士（arthur，gawain,green knight, morgain the fay-woman妖精摩根, the green girdle绿腰带）Part III Geoffrey Chaucer (1340―1400)杰弗里.乔叟时期1.H istorical BackgroundThe English won, they controlled large French territory领土. The Henry VI lost it all. He is father of English poetry War of the Roses 1455-1485 AD。
英国文学史及选读第一册unit1
From The Great Gatsby
• For a moment he looked at me as if he failed to understand. • “I’m Gatsby,” he said suddenly. • “What!” I exclaimed. “Oh, I beg your pardon.” • “I thought you knew, old sport. I’m afraid I’m not a very good host.”
About 449, a band of Teutons (the Jutes, the Angles and the Saxons) landed on the Isle of Thanet.
The aboriginal Celtic population was driven westward.
• 他认为，模仿诗人往往只是模仿人性中的 情感部分，而不是理性部分，迎奉人性中 的无理性部分。因此诗人是迎奉人的快感 为业。所以认为这个诗人是危险人物。 • Pleasure and illumination
• What’s the function of literature? • Entertain, educate, know
• Characteristic: use of alliteration, in vigorous, picturesque language, with heavy use of metaphor
Beowulf
• • • • Of men was the mildest and most beloved, To his kin the kindest, keenest for praise. Then the Goth’s people reared a mighty pile With shields and amour hung, as he had asked,
(完整word版)英国文学史及作品选读习题集
1 Old & Middle English LiteratureⅠ. Essay Questions1. What are the three parts told in the story of Beowulf? How is heroic ideal reflected in Beowulf?2. State the social significance of William Langland’s Piers the Plowman and comment on the poem’s w riting features.3. Compare Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales with old English poetry and the works of other Middle English poets to illustrate that Chaucer is the first realistic writer in English literature.4. What is the function of the General Prologue to The Canterbury Tales?Ⅱ. Define the following terms.1. Old English period (the Anglo Saxon period)2. Alliteration3. Prose4. Courtly love5. Morality play6. Couplet7. Meter8. Foot9. Scottish Chaucerians10. Ballad (Popular ballad)11. Middle English period12. Anglo-Norman period13. Arthurian legend14. RomanceⅢ. Fill the blanks.1. The Old English poetry can be divided into two groups: the_____ poetry and the ____ poetry.2. _____ is regarded as the “Father of English Song”, the first known religious poet of England.3. The history of English literature begins in the____ century.4. _____is the most prevailing literary form in the Middle Ages.5. The most magnificent prose work of the 15th century is Morte d’ Arthur concerning with____ legend.6. The only important prose writer in the 15th century is Sir______.7. Critics tend to divide Chaucer’s literary career into three periods: the ____ period, the___ period and the____ period.8. Among the Middle English poets, three are the greatest. One is the author of Sir Gawain and the Green Knight. The other two are ____ and ____.9. The Canterbury Tales contains the ____ and 24 tales, two of which left unfinished.10. Chaucer employed the _____ couplet in writing his greatest work The Canterbury Tales.11. The framework in The Canterbury Tales is a ____.12. When Chaucer died on the 25th of October 1400, he was the first to be buried in ____.13. Besides Chaucer, King James I also wrote in verses of seven lines, so this kind of verse came to be called the________14. Compared with Chaucer, “Father of English poetry”, __________ in the 14th century can be called “Father of Scottish Poetry and Scottish History”.15. The ___________is an important stream of the British literature in the 15th century.16. The __________century has traditionally been described as the barren age in English literature.17. Poetry can be classified as narrative or Lyric. Narrative poems stress action, and Lyrics__________.Ⅳ. Choose the best answer.1. Beowulf is a ______ poem, describing an all-round picture of the tribal society.A. paganB. ChristianC. romanticD. lyric2. Caedmon’s life story is vividly described in _____’s Historic Ecclesiastica.A. GrendelB. BedeC. CynewulfD. Beowulf3. The most important work of Alfred the Great is ____, which is regarded as the best monument of the Old English prose.A. The Song of BeowulfB. The Ecclesiastical History of the English PeopleC. Apollonius of TypeD. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicles4. In the 14th century, the important writers are the following EXCEPT_______.A. William LanglandB. John GowerC. Thomas MaloryD. Geoffrey Chaucer5. Chaucer Was once influenced by Italian Literature. His major work during this period is _____.A. Troilus and CriseydeB. The Romaunt of the RoseC. The Legend of Good WomenD. The Canterbury Tales6. Chaucer’s active career provided him not only with knowledge but also experiences, which accounted for the wide range of his writings.7. Chaucer’s narrative poem _____ is based on Boccaccio’s poem “Filostrato”.A. The Legend of Good WomenB. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightC. The Book of the DuchessD. Troilus and Criseyde8. All the following writers belong to the Scottish Chaucerians EXCEPT_______.A. Robert HenrysonB. William DunbarC. Thomas MaloryD. King James I9. In English poetry, a four-line stanza is called____.A. heroic coupletB. quatrainC. Spenserian stanzaD. terza rima10. The work that presented, for the first time in English literature, a comprehensive realistic picture of the medieval English society and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life is most likely _______.A. William Langland’s Piers the PlowmanB. Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury TalesC. J ohn Gower’s Confessio AmantisD. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightⅤ. Short-answer questions1. What are the main characteristics of Anglo-Saxon literature?2. What are the artistic features of Old English poetry?3. What are the major subjects that the English romance mainly deals with?4. Summarize Chaucer’s literary ca reer and the representative works of each period.5. How many groups do the popular ballads fall into according to the contents or subjects?6. What are the stylistic features of ballads?Ⅵ. Answer the questions according to the following poem.When the sweet showers of April fall and shootDown through the drought of March to pierce the root,Bathing every vein in liquid powerFrom which there springs the engendering of the flower,When also Zephyrus with his sweet breathExhales an air in every grove and healthUpon the tender shoots, and the young sunHis half-course in the sign of the Ram has run,And the small fowls are making melodyThat sleep away the night with open eye(So nature pricks them and their heart engages)The people long to go on pilgrimagesAnd palmers long to seek the stranger strandsOf far-off saints, hallowed in sundry lands,And specially, from every shire’s endIn England, down to Canterbury they wendTo seek the holy blissful martyr, quickIn giving help to them when they were sick.Questions:1. What is expressed in these opening lines of The Canterbury Tales?2. How does the author emphasize the transition from nature to divinity?3. Comment on Chaucer’s contribution of rhymed stanzas.KeysⅠ. Essay questions.1. Structurally speaking, Beowulf is built around three fights. The first part deals with the fight between Beowulf and the monster Grendel that has been attacking the great hall of Heorot, built by Hrothgar, the Danish King. The second part involves a battle between Beowulf and Grendel’s mother, a water-monster, who takes revenge by carrying off one of the king’s noblemen. The last part is about the fight between Beowulf and a firedrake that ravages Beowulf’s kingdom.Beowulf is a pagan poem concerned with the heroic ideal of kings andkingship in North Europe. Battle is a way of life at that time. Strength and courage are basic virtues for both kings and his warriors. The king should protect his people and show gentleness and generosity to his warriors. And in return, his warriors should show absolute obedience and loyalty to the king. By praising Beowulf’s wisdom, strength and courage, and by glorifying his death for his people, the poem presents the heroic ideal of a king and his good relations to his warriors and people.2.Piers the Plowman remains a classic in popular literature. It was very popular throughout the fourteenth and the fifteenth centuries. It praises the poor peasants, and condemns and exposes the sins of the oppressors. It played an important part in arousing the revolutionary sentiment on the eve of the Rising of 1381 headed by Wat Tyler and John Ball. It is a realistic picture of medieval England. But Piers is not a representative of the poor peasants. He is one of the well-to-do peasants. He has no intention of upsetting the feudal order of society, and he accepts the existing social relations. This is the limitation of the poem.Writing features:(1) Piers the Plowman is written in the form of a dream vision. The author tells hisstory under the guise of having dreamed it.(2) The poem is an allegory which relates truth through symbolism.(3) The poem uses indignant satire in his description of social abuses caused by thecorruption prevailing among the ruling classes, ecclesiastical and secular. (4) The poem is written in alliteration.3. The vast bulk of Old English poetry is specifically Christian, devoted to religious subjects. More importantly, it is almost all in the heroic mode due to the great influence of the heroic ideal, i.e. Beowulf is the ideal of kingly behavior. The idealized hero figures predominantly in Old English literature. Middle English romance generally concerns the knight. It makes liberal use of the improbable, ofte4n of the supernatural. Religious writing reflects the unchanging principles of medieval Christian doctrine, which looked to the world to come for the only answer to men’s troubles. William Langland’s Piers the Plowman reflects the great religious and social issues of his day, yet it is written in the form of a dream vision. It is Chaucer alone who, for the first time in English literature, presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life in his masterpiece The Canterbury Tales.4. The General Prologue is usually regarded as the great portrait gallery in English literature. It is largely composed of a series of sketches differing widely i8n length and method, and blending the individual and the typical in varying degrees. The purpose of the General Prologue is not only to present a vivid collection of character sketches, but also to reveal the author’s intention in bringing together a great variety of people and narrative materials to unite the diversity of the tales by allotting them to a diversity of tellers engaged in a common endeavour, to set the tone for the story-telling-one of jollity which accords with the tone of the whole work: that of grateful acceptance of life, to make clear the plan for the tales, to motivate the telling of tales and introduce the pilgrims and the time and occasion ofthe pilgrimage. The pilgrims are people from various parts of England. They serve as the representatives of various sides of life and social groups. Each of the pilgrims or narrators is presented vividly in the Prologue. Ranging in status from a knight a humble plowman, the pilgrims are a microcosm of 14th-century English society. On the other hand, there is also an intimate connection between the tales and the Prologue, both complementing each other. The Prologue provides a framework for the tales.Ⅱ. Define the following terms.1.Old English period (the Anglo-Saxon period): The Old English Period, extended from the invasion of Celtic England by Germanic tribes (the Angles, Saxons, and Jutes) in the first half of the fifth century to the conquest of England in 1066 by the Norman French under the leadership of the seventh century did the Anglo-Saxons, whose earlier literature had been oral, begin to develop a written literature.2. Alliteration: alliteration is the repetition of a speech sound in a sequence of nearby words. The term is usually applied only to consonants, and only when the recurrent sound begins a word or a stressed syllable within a word.3. Prose: Prose is an inclusive term for all discourse, spoken or written, which is not patterned into the li8nes either of metric verse or free verse.4. Courtly love: It is a doctrine of love, together with an elaborate code governing the relations betwe4en aristocratic lovers, which was widely represented in the lyric poems and chivalric romances of western Europe during the Middle Ages.5. Morality play: Morality plays are medieval allegorical plays in which personified human qualities acted and disputed, mostly coming from the 15th century. They developed into the interludes, from which it is not always possible to distinguish them, and hence had a considerable influence on the development of Elizabethan drama.6. Couplet: A couplet is a pair of rhymed lines that are equal in length.7. Meter: Meter is the recurrence, in regular units, of a prominent feature in the sequence of speech-sounds of a language.8. Foot: A foot is the combination of a strong stress and the associated weak stress or stresses which make up the recurrent metric unit of a line. The relatively stronger-stressed syllable is called, for short, “stressed”; the relatively weaker-stressed syllables are called “light,” or most commonly, “unstressed”. The four standard feet distinguished in English are: (1) Iambic (the noun is “iamb”): an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable. (2) Anapestic (the noun is “anapest”):two unstressed syllables followed by a stressed syllable. (3)Trochaic (the noun is “trochee”): a stressed syllable. (4) Dactylic (the noun is “dactyl”):a stressed syllable followed by two unstressed syllables.A metric line is named according to the number of feet composing it: Monometer: one footDimeter: two feetTrimester: three feetTetrameter: four feetPentameter: five feetHexameter: six feetHeptameter: seven feetOctameter: eight feet9. Scottish Chaucerians: The name is traditionally given to a very diverse group of 15th-and 16th- century Scottish writers who show some influence from Chaucer, although the debt is now regarded as negligible or indirect in most cases.10. Ballad (popular ballad): Ballad is also known as the folk ballad or traditional ballad. It is a song, transmitted orally, which tells a story. Ballads are thus the narrative species of folk songs, which originate, and are communicated orally, among illiterate or only partly literate people.11.Middle English period: The four and a half centuries between the Norman Conquest in 1066, which effected radical changes in the language, life, and culture of England, and about 1500, when the standard literary language had become recognizably “modern English”, that is similar to the language we speak and write today.12. Anglo-Norman period: The span from 1100 to 1350 is sometimes discriminated as the Anglo-Norman Period, because the non-Latin literature of that time was written mainly in Anglo-Norman, the French dialect spoken by the invaders who had established themselves as the ruling class of England, and who shared a literary culture with French-speaking areas of mainland Europe.13. Arthurian legend: It is a group of tales (in several languages) that developed in the Middle Ages concerning Arthur, semi-historical king of the Britons and his knights. The legend is a complex weaving of ancient Celtic mythology with later traditions around a core of possible historical authenticity.14. Romance: It is a literary genre popular in the Middle Ages (5th century to 15th century), dealing, in verse or prose, with legendary, supernatural, or amorous subjects and characters. The name refers to Romance languages and originally denoted any lengthy composition in one of those languages. Later the term was applied to tales specifically concerned with knights, chivalry, and courtly love. The romance and the epic are similar forms, but epics tend to be longer and less concerned with courtly love. Romances were written by court musicians, clerics, scribes, and aristocrats for the entertainment and moral edification of the nobility. Popular subjects for romances included the Macedonian King Alexander the Great, King Arthur Charlemagne. Later prose and verse narratives, particularly those in the 19th-century romantic tradition, are also referred to as romances; set in distant or mythological places and times, like most romances they stress adventure and supernatural elements.Ⅲ. Fill in the blanks.1. secular, religious2. Caedmon3. 5th4. Romance5. Arthurian6. Thomas Malory7. French, Italian, English 8. William Langland, Geoffrey Chaucer 9. General Prologue 10. Heroic11. pilgrimage 12. Westminster Abbey13. rhyme royal 14. John Barbour15. popular ballad 16. 15th17. songsⅣ. Choose the best answer.1. A2. B3. D4. C5. A6. C7. D8. C9. B 10. BⅤ. Short-answer questions.1. Anglo-Saxon literature is almost exclusively a verse literature in oral form. It was passed down by word of mouth from generation to generation. Most of its creators are unknown. There are two groups of English poetry in Anglo-Saxon period. The first group is the pagan poetry represented by Beowulf, the second is the religious poetry represented by the works of Caedmon and Cynewulf.2. (1) The use of alliteration. Each full line has four stresses with a number ofunstressed syllables, three of which begin with the same sound or letter.(2) The use of vivid poetic diction and parallel expressions for a single idea, suchas the sea is called” swan-road” or “whale-path”. A soldier is called “shield-bearer”, “battle-hero” or “whale-path”. A soldier is called “shield-bearer”,” battle-hero” or “spear-fighter, etc.3. The English romance mainly deals with three major subjects: the “Matter of France”, the “Matter of Ro me”, and the “Matter of Britain”.The “Matter of France” means a collection of tales about Charlemagne, the mighty ruler of France and neighbouring countries around 800 A.D., and his peers and their wars against the Saracens.The “Matter of Rome” covers ev erything from the ancient Romans and the Greeks. Alexander the Great, king of Macedonia and conqueror of Greece, Egypt, India and Persian Empire is the favorite hero of this group. Beside this, Trojan War is also dealt with in this group.The “Matter of Br itain” means the legendary history of Britain. It mainly deals with the exploits of King Arthur and his knights.4. Chaucer’s literary career is usually divided into 3 periods: the French period, the Italian period and the mature period.The French period refers to the period of French influence (1359-1372). During this period Chaucer wrote his earliest work: the Romaunt of the Rose, a free translation of a 13th-century French poem and his first important original work, The Book of the Duchess.The Italian period refers to the period of Italian influence (1372_1386), especially of Dante and Boccaccio. During this period, Chaucer mainly wrote three longer poems using the heroic stanza of seven lines: The House of Fame, Troilus and Criseyde, The Legend of Good Women.The mature period refers to the period when Chaucer had reached full maturity in his literary creation. His masterpiece The Canterbury Tales was produced in this period in which the heroic couplet was used.5. According to the contents or subjects, popular ballads can divided into different groups. A number of ballads narrating incidents on the English-Scottish border areknown as “Border Ballads”, which deal with bloody battles fought on the border of English and Scotland.Another important group of ballads is the series of 37 ballads of different lengths in Child’s collection, which tell of the wonderful deeds of Robin Hood, the famous outlaw, and his men. Most ballads do have a love or love-triangle theme. Sometimes love is present in a tender, romantic, even sentimental way.The fourth group is the sea ballads concerning sailors. The best-known is Sir Patrick Spens.Quite a few ballads are presented with themes of the domestic life, particularly of the relations between different members of a family. Unnatural relations such as murder and treachery are not infrequently appearing in this group.6. (1) Its simple language. The simplicity is reflected both in the verse form and thecolloquial expressions. By making use of a simple, plain language of the common people, the ballad leaves a strong dramatic effect to the reader.(2) The priority of the ballad is the story which deals only with the culminatingincident or climax of a plot.(3) Most of the ballads are quasi-historical, such as the ballad “Judas” and “RobinHood” ballad.(4) Ballads also tell their stories in a highly characteristic way; they are intenselydramatic. To strengthen the dramatic effect of the narration, ballads also make full use of hyperbole; actions and events are much exaggerated.(5) Music has and important influence on the ballads.(6) Using of refrains and other kinds of repetitions.Ⅵ. Answer the questions according to the following poem.1. The magnificent eighteen-line sentence that opens the General Prologue is a superb expression of a double view of the Canterbury pilgrimage. The first eleven lines are a chant of welcome to the spring with its harmonious marriage between heaven and earth which mellows vegetations, pricks foul and stirs the heart of man with a renewing power of nature. Thus, the pilgrimage is treated as an event in the calendar of nature, an aspect of the general springtime surge of human energy which wakens man’s love of nature. But spring is also the season of Easter and is allegorically regarded as the time of the Redemption through the sacrifice of Jesus Christ with its connotations of religious rebirth which wak ens man’s love of God (divine love). Therefore, the pilgrimage is also treated as and event in the calendar of divinity, an aspect of religious piety which draws pilgrims to holy places.2. The structure of this opening passage can be regarded as one from the whole Western tradition of the celebration of spring to a local event of English society, from natural forces in their general operation to a specific Christian manifestation. The transition from nature to divinity is emphasized by contrast between the physical vitality which conditions the pilgrimage and the spiritual sickness which occasions the pilgrimage, as well as by parallelism between the renewal power of nature and the restorative power of supernature (divinity).3. Chaucer introduced various rhymed stanzas to English poetry to replace the Old English alliterative verse. He first introduced into English octosyllabic couplet andthe rhymed couplet of iambic pentameter which is to be called later the heroic couplet. And in The Canterbury Tales, he employed the heroic couplet with true ease and charm for the first time in the history of English literature.。
英国文学史及选读第一册复习题
英国文学史及选读第一册复习题History and Anthology of English LiteratureI Multiple Choices1. The story of _________ is the culmination of the Arthurian romances.A. Sir Gawain and the Green KnightB. BeowulfC. Piers the PlowmanD. The Canterbury Tales2. Chaucer died on October 25th, 1400, and was buried in _________.A. FlandersB. FranceC. ItalyD. Westminster Abbey3. Utopia was written in the form of _________.A. proseB. dramaC. essayD. dialogue4. _________ is the leading figure of Metaphysical poetry.A. John DonneB. George HerbertC. Andre MarvellD. Henry Vaughan5. _________ is not written by William Blake.A. The Marriage of Heaven and HellB. Songs of ExperienceC. Auld Lang SyneD. Poetical Sketches6. “Some book are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested.” This sentence is taken from _________.A. Swift’s A Modest ProposalB.Dickens’s Oliver TwistC. Fielding’s Tom JonesD. Bacon’s Of Studies7. Which poet is not the “Lake Poet”?A. William WordsworthB. S. T. ColeridgeC. SoutheyD. Keats8. Generally，the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries，its essence is _________.A. ScienceB. ArtsC. PhilosophyD. Humanism9. Romance, which uses verse or prose to describe the adventures and life of the knights, is the popular literary form in _________.A. RomanticismB. RenaissanceC. medieval periodD. Anglo-Saxon period10. Gothic novels are mostly stories of ________, which take place in some haunted or dilapidatedMiddle Age castles.A. love and marriageB. sea adventuresC. mystery and horrorD. saints and martyrs11. The Houyhnhnms depicted by Jonathan Swift in Gulliver’s Travels are _____.A. horses that are endowed with reasonB. pigmies that are endowed with admirable qualitiesC. giants that are superior in wisdomD. hairy, wild, low and despicable creatures, who resemble human beings not only inappearance but also in some other ways12. John Milton’s masterpiec e—Paradise Lost was written in the poetic style of ________.A. rhymed stanzasB. blank verseC. alliterationD. sonnets13. Which of the following has / have associations with John Donne’s poetry?A. reason and sentimentB. conceits and witsC. the euphuismD. writing in the rhymed couplet14. Generally, the Renaissance refers to the period between the 14th and mid-17th centuries, itsessence is _______.A. scienceB. philosophyC. artsD. humanism15. The School for Scandal by Richard Brisley Sheridan has been regarded as the best _______since Shakespeare.A. tragedyB. proseC. comedyD. fableII Match( ) 1. Paradise Lost A. John Bunyan( ) 2. Tristram Shandy B. Oliver Goldsmith( ) 3. of Truth C. Geoffery Chaucer( ) 4. The Vicar of Wakefield D. Henry Fielding( ) 5. Canterbury Tales E. Jonathan Swift( ) 6. Tom Jones F. Samuel Richardson( ) 7. Gulliver’s Travels G. Edmund Spenser( ) 8. The Pilgrim’s Progress H. Francis Bacon( ) 9. Pamela I. Laurence Sterne( )10. The Fairy Queen J. John MiltonIII Literary Terms (Choose Five of them to illustrate in English)1. Epic2. Romance3. Blank verse4. Sonnet5. Allegory6. Heroic couplet7. Comedy8. Tragedy9. Sentimentalism 10. EnlightenmentIV Poem Analysis(1)Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate:Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer's lease hath all too short a date:Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shinesAnd often is his gold complexion dimmed;And every fair from fair sometimes declines,By chance or nature's changing course untrimmed;But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st;Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st:So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.Questions:1. Who writes this poem? _____________________2. What type of this poem belongs to? _____________________A. SonnetB. BalladC. OdeD. Elegy3. What does “thee” mean in m odern English? _____________________4. What does “the eye of heaven” refer to? _____________________5. What’s the rhyme scheme of this poem? _____________________6. What’s the rhetorical devices used in this poem? Try to give some examples._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ _____(2)O my luve 's like a red, red roseThat 's newly sprung in June:O my Luve 's like the melodieThat's sweetly play'd in tune!As fair art thou, my bonnie lass,So deep in luve am I:And I will luve thee still, my dear,Till a' the seas gang dry:Till a' the seas gang dry, my dear,And the rocks melt wi' the sun;I will luve thee still, my dear,While the sands o' life shall run.And fare thee weel, my only Luve,And fare thee weel a while!And I will come again, my Luve,Though it were ten thousand mile.Questions:1. Who write this poem? _____________________2. What’s the title of this poem? _____________________3. What does the poet compare red rose to? _____________________4. What is the rhyme scheme of the poem? _____________________5. Illustrate the first stanza in English in your own words.________________________________________________________________ _________________________________________________________________________________ _________V Conclude the main story of the literary work and make your own comments. Directions: There are four literary works listed as follows. Choose two of them to write down the main idea and make some comments on them.1. Tome Jones2. Robinson Crusoe3. Hamlet4. Gulliver’s Travels。
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济南大学继续教育学院2016年学位主干课程考试《英国文学史》模拟题（一）（本试题满分100分，时间90分钟）I. Multiple choices: Choose the ONE answer that is the most suitable to the sentence. (20%) （）1.________is Byron's masterpiece, a great comic epic of the early 19th century.A. “She walk s in Beauty”B. “Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage”C. “Don Juan”D. “The Corsair”( ) 2. "Modern Fiction" is one of Woolf's important critical essays, in which the writer praises______ as "the most notable" of "several young writers."A. Thomas HardyB. James JoyceC. Joseph ConradD. T.S.Eliot( ) 3. _________ achieved fame after the publication of poem----.“Childe Harold’s Pilgrimage”.A. WordsworthB. JoyceC. George EliotD. John Galsworthy ( ) 4. John Milton's "On His Blindness" is written in the form of ______sonnet which consists of an octave(an eight-line stanza) and a sestet (a six-line stanza)A. EnglishB. ItalianC. RussianD. Chinese( ) 5. In "Tom Jones"______ is depicted as a hypocritical, wicked man who is outwardly good but inwardly bad.A. TomB. BlifilC. Mr. AllworthyD. Sophia( ) 6. John Keats' famous poem______expresses the contrast between the happy world of natural loveliness and human world of agony.A. "Endymion"B. "Ode to a Nightingale"C."Ode on a Grecian Urn"D."Ode to Psyche"( ) 7. "The School for Scandal "by Richard Brinsley Sheridan has been regarded as the best______since Shakespeare.A. tragedyB. proseC. comedyD. fable( ) 8.The story of "Tom Jones" by Henry Fielding is told _______.A. in a series of lettersB. in the third-person narrationC. by Tom JonesD. in the form of diary( ) 9. The title _______was borrowed by Thackeray from “The Pilgrim’s Progress” by Bunyan.A. “Sons and Lovers”B. “Jane Eyre”C. “Adam Bede”D. “Vanity Fair”( ) 10. Shelley’s greatest achievement is his four-act poetic drama,_______________.A.“Prometheus Unbound”B. “The Necessity of Atheism”C.“Ode to the West Wind”D. “Queen Mab”( ) 11.“The Solitary Reaper”. This poet written by _________of eighteenth centuryA. WordsworthB. ByronC. ShelleyD. Keats( ) 12. “Beauty is truth, truth beauty,” ---that is all . This poet is from _________written by Keats.A. “Ode to a Nightingale”B. “Ode to psyche”C. “Ode to Autumn”D. “Ode on a Grecian Urn”( )13. In "The Pilgrim's Progress" Christian and Faithful come to the ______where both are arrested as alien agitators and tried.A. Vanity FairB. Doubting CastleC. Celestial CityD. hell( ) 14. Which of the following novels by Dickens shows his pessimism?A. “The Old Curiosity Shop”B. “David Copperfield”C. “Oliver Twist”D. “Great Expectations”( ) 15.Hardy’s first masterpiece is ______________.A. “Idylls of the King”B. “Far Form the Madding Crowd”C. “Tess of the D''Urbervilles”D. “In Memoriam”( ) 16.The outstanding realistic novelists of early 20th century were _______，H. G. Wells，and Arnold Bennett.A. LawrenceB. JoyceC. George EliotD. John Galsworthy( ) 17._________ "West Wind" thus seems to symbolize an inspiring spiritual power that moves everywhere, and affects everything.A. Shelley’sB. Keats’C. Wordsworth’sD.Vi rginia Woolf’s( )18. “Ode to a Nightingale”symbolized for _______ a lasting beauty which lured him temporarily away from his great misery into an exquisite desire to the forest with the bird.A. ByronB. KeatsC. WordsworthD. Shelley( ) 19. The term “metaphysical poetry” is commonly used to name the work of the ______ century writers who wrote under the influence of ______.A. 16th…Edmund SpenserB. 17th…John DonneC. 18th…Thomas GrayD. 20th…John Ransom( ) 20.Which of the following novels by D. H. Lawrence shows the influence of Freud's theory of psychoanalysis, especially that of the "Oedipus complex"?A. "The Rainbow"B. "Women in Love"C. "Sons and Lovers"D. "Lady Chatterley's Lover"II. True & False statements. (20%)( ) 1. Chancer's contribution to English poetry lies chiefly in the fact he introduced from France the rhymed stanza in Iambic meter to English poetry.( ) 2. Hamlet, the great tragedy of Shakespeare, with perfect artistry, studies the profound question of "to be or no to be."( ) 3. Bacon was the founder of modern science & also famous for his "essays."( ) 4. Spenser's "Faerie Queene", Sidney's "Astrophel & Stella "& Shakespeare's "Sonnets" are the most famous sonnet sequences of Elizabethan Age.( ) 5. Defoe is the author of Robinson Crusoe, which is a scientific and fantastic work.( ) 6.To the Lighthouse is divided into three sections: “The Window,” “Time Passes,” and “The Lighthouse.”( ) 7. Joyce is regarded as the most prominent stream-of-consciousness novelist，A Portrait of Artist as a Young Man is Joyce's first novel.( )8.George Eliot，pseudonym of Mary Ann Evans, was born on Nov. 22, 1819 into an estate agent’s family in Warwickshire，England.( ) 9. Wordsworth uses his poetry to look at the relationship between nature and love. ( ) 10. “Ode to the West Wind” praising and glorifying an individual, commemorating an event, or describing nature.( ) 11. Shelley is among the world's greatest lyric poets. He is the most wonderful lyric poet England has ever produced.( )12.In Hebrew, Latin, Greek, and many other languages, the words for wind, breath, soul, and inspiration are all identical or related. ( )13.The realistic novels in the early 19th century were the continuation of the Victorian tradition，yet its exposing and criticizing power against capitalist evils had been somewhat weakened both in width and depth.( ) 14.Charlotte’s first novel Jane Eyre was rejected by the publisher. But her second one，The Professor，won immediate success when it appeared in 1847.( )15. “The Isles of Greece，” is taken from Canto II, which is sung by a Greek singer at the wedding of Don Juan & Haidee, the pure & beautiful daughter of a pirate.( ) 16.Tom Jones is the masterpiece of Henry Fielding & it offers a panoramic picture of 18th century England with the life of people in London, in the countryside & on the open road.( ) 17.Robert Burns is a peasant poet & is famous for his songs written in the Scottish dialect on a variety of subjects.( ) 18. W. B. Yeats was a poet and dramatist, who was born in Ireland.( ) 19. Thomas Hardy was only a novelist, who didn't write any poem at all.( ) 20. John Galsworthy was one of the most prominent of the 20th century English realistic writers.III. Name the Writers who wrote the following passages. (10%)( ) 1. Imitation here will not to do the business.The picture must be after Nature herself.11.“( )2. Do you think I can stay to become nothing to you? Do you think I am an automaton? --- a machinewithout feelings? Do you think, because I am poor, obscure, plain, and little, I am soulless andheartless? You think wrong! – I have as much soul as you – and as much heart!( ) ( ) 3. Farewell my friend ! farewell my foes !My peace with these, my love with those:The bursting tears my heart declare-----Farewell the bonnie banks of Ayr!.( ( )4. In poverty, hunger and dirt;And And still with a vcice of dolorous pitchShe sang the “Song of the Shirt!”( ) ( )5. Little Lamb who made theeDost thou know who made theeGave thee life & bid thee feed( ) 6. “ studies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability.”Spirit of Delight !The fresh earth in new leaves dressedAnd the stary night( ) 8. Can honor set to a leg? no, or an arm? No:...what is honor? A word, what is that word, honor?( ) 9. ...What though the field be lost?All is not lost; the unconquerable willAnd study of revenge, immortal hate,And courage never to submit or yield...( ) 10. What man art thou, quoth he,That lookest as thou wouldst find a hare;For ever on the ground I see thee stare.IV. For items 1 to 14 , write down the name of the book from which the character(s) is taken; while for 15 to 20, give the name of the writer. (20%)1. Mr. Gamfield ，2. Elizabeth Bennet，3.Dalloway4.Mr. Rochester5.Heathcliff & Catherine6. Angel Clare7. Paul8. Amelia Sedley9. Stephen Dedalus 10. Juan 11. Bassanio, Antonio 12. Friday13. Lilliputians14. Sophia 15. The Return of the Native 16. Ullysses 17. The Portrait of a Lady 18. Prometheus Unbound 19. Waste Land 20. Women in LoveV. Explain the following terms briefly and mention some representative authors or literary works for each of them.（30%）1.Critical Realism2. Romanticism3.Realism in the 20th century English literature。