英语句子基本句型及成分分析

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英语句子成分及5种基本句型

英语句子成分及5种基本句型

提醒
下列常见“It...”句型。
(1)It is+n./adj.to do sth.
(2)It is+adj./n.+for sb.to do sth. 1. 每天大声的朗读(read aloud)是很重要的。 2. 跟你聊天真是一场噩梦(nightmare)。
3. 要他讲个故事,他会很伤心。
英语基本句型-3主谓宾结构
4.1919年,(在)北京爆发了“五.四”运 动。 The May Fourth Movement broke out in Beijing
inቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ1919.
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英语基本句型-2主系表结构
本结构是由主语+系动词+表语组成,主要用以 说明主语的特征,类属,状态,身份等。系动词 有: 1.表示特征和存在状态的 be, seem, feel, appear, look, smell, taste, sound; 2.表示状态延续的 remain, stay, keep, continue, stand; 3.表示状态变化的 become, get, turn, go, run, fall, come, grow;
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英语基本句型-1主谓结构
本结构是由主语加不及物的谓语动词构成, 常用来表示主语的动作。
此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的 谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。
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什么可以作主语?
Shanghai is in the east of China. Tom works very hard. I bought a new book. That is a picture of our school. Who knows the answer? Three plus four is seven. The first is the best. To see is to believe. It is important to learn English. 名词

2英语句子成分分析及五种基本句型分析

2英语句子成分分析及五种基本句型分析

17. people wanting to buy cars 18. the computer made in China
用来说明动词,形容词 形容词,副词或整个句子的 四. 状语:用来说明动词 形容词 副词或整个句子的 句子成分。表示时间,地点,方式,目的,频度等。 句子成分。表示时间,地点,方式,目的,频度等。 时间 如:
谓语(vt.) + 宾语 主语 + 谓语
They accepted my proposal.
1. Who knows the answer? 2. She smiled her thanks. 3. He has refused to help them. 4. He enjoys reading. 5. They ate what was left over. 6. He said "Good morning." 7. I want to have a cup of tea. 8. He admits that he was mistaken.
9 The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday . (定语从句做定语,后置 定语从句做定语, 定语从句做定语 后置)
10 There are five boys who will play the game. (定语从句做定语,后置) (定语从句做定语,后置) 定语从句做定语
在定语下划线,指出它是什么结构: 在定语下划线,指出它是什么结构:
1. A good place to go 2. people here 定语专项练: 定语专项练:分析下面的定语结构 3. nothing serious 5. his father 7. the picture in an ad 9. sports meet 11. recycled material 13. everyday English 15. something to eat 4. ten classroom 6. the trees on the hill 8. women doctors 10. writing paper 12. the girl in red 14. on my way home 16. somewhere relaxing

英语句子成分分析

英语句子成分分析

英语句子基本句型及句子成分一.英语五种基本句型列式如下:一):SV(主+谓)二):SVP(主+系+表)三):SVO(主+谓+宾)四):SVoO(主+谓+间宾+直宾)五):SVOC(主+谓+宾+宾补)基本句型一:SV(主+谓)此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。

这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。

S│ V(不及物动词)1. The sun │was shining. 太阳在照耀着。

2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。

3. The universe │remains. 宇宙长存。

4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。

5. Who │cares? 管它呢?6. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。

7. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。

基本句型二:SVP(主+系+表)此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。

这类动词叫做连系动词。

系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem等属一类,表示情况;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类,表示变化。

be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。

其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。

感官动词多可用作联系动词:look well/面色好,sound nice/听起来不错,feel good/感觉好,smell bad/难闻S│V(是系动词)│ P1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典。

2. The dinner │smells │good. 午餐的气味很好。

3. He │fell │in love. 他堕入了情网。

英语中的五个基本句型(划分句子成分)

英语中的五个基本句型(划分句子成分)
which is on the shelf? 94. There are many boys and girls playing
on the beach. 95. By the time I got up, my father had
gotten into the shower.
五大基本句型
划分句子成分练习题
1. They are working on the farm now. 2. Seeing is believing 3. All of us like Kobe Bryant very much 4. She became a doctor in 1998 5. The book lying on the floor are mine
五大基本句型
16. Your job today is to help the old. 17. Speaking doesn't mean doing. 18. The children bought their parents a car for the 25th anniversary of their marriage. 19. It takes me an hour to get there. 20. You will find it useful after you leave school
五大基本句型
• The moon rose.( S+V) • Everything looks different.(S+V+P) • Who knows the answer?(S+V+O) • I showed him my
pictures.(S+V+IO+DO) • He asked me to come back

英语句子成分和基本句型(PDF版)

英语句子成分和基本句型(PDF版)

表:
动词分类
动词分类 1
动词分类 2
1、 不及物动词
1、不带宾语的动词
2、带一个宾语的及物动词
2、及物动词
3、带两个宾语的及物动词
4、带宾语和宾语补足语的及物动词
3、连系动词
5、带主语补足语(表语)的动词
从本表中我们看到,动词可以分为五类,因而就决定了英语的五种基本句型。英语的五种基本句型与上述动 词分
基本句型一:S+ V(主+谓)
S│V(不及物动词)
1.
Thesun│isshining.
2.Theboy│getsup.3.Weall│eat,anddrink.
主语可有修饰语-定语,谓语可有修饰语-状语。
如:1.Theredsunrisesintheeast.
2.Wegotupearlysoastocatchthefirstbus.
19.Ifoundthebookeasy. 20.Tom foundJim anapartment 21.WefoundJohnaloyal(忠心的)friend.
【课后强化巩固练习】
判断下列句子属于何种句型并翻译成汉语:
1.Iusuallycometoschoolbysubway. 2.Yournewbikelooksverynice! 3.Theearlybirdcatchestheworm. 4.Heusuallyplayssoccer,buthedoesn’tplaybasketball. 5.I’m makingcards,butit’sboring. 6.Theyaredoingsomecleaninginthelab. 7.IthinkyoumustlikeEnglishverymuch. 8.Myfavoritesubjectishistory. 9.Myteachersandclassmatesareverykindtome. 10.Thereisastudynexttomybedroom. 11.Don’tputthemthere. 12.Youmustlookafteryourthings. 13.Manyfamilywithyoungchildrenlivehere,too. 14.Theairisfreshandlifeisquietinthecountryside. 15.Myfriendswanttohaveabirthdaypartyforme. 16.ItwasMay13th. 17.Icancook,butIcan’tdrawpictures. 18.I’dliketotaketheseflowerstotheparty. 19.Ican’tcountsomanyflowers. 20.Shecandoitverywell. 21.Oneyearago,shecouldn’tdoitatall. 22.Webroughtmanypresentsforhim. 23.EachofusgaveKangkangabirthdaycard. 24.It’sagoodseasonforflyingkite. 25.You’dbetterknowabouttheweatherindifferentplacesinAugust. 26.InmostareasofChina,itisveryhot. 27.Isawyouplaybasketballalmosteverydayduringthesummerholidays. 28.Shedoeswellin(playing)baseball. 29.I’m sureourteam willwinnexttime. 30..Heinventedanindoorgameforhisstudentssothattheycouldplayiteveninbadweather.

英语句子成分与基本句式结构

英语句子成分与基本句式结构

四、表语
位于连系动词的后面,用来说明主语的身份、 特征、状态等。构成主系表结构。
例句: 1. This is an English book. 2. You look happy today. 3. They are from America. 4. I don’t feel well today.
英语句子成分和基本句型
句子成分
句子成分: 组成句子的各个部分。 主语 谓语 宾语 表语
状语 定语 补语 同位语
一、主语
句子所陈述的主体,一般位于句首,指动作 的发出者。
例句: 1. You are my friend. 2. My father is a teacher. 3. These girls like English.
第四种:主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语.
例句: 1. I can make you happy. 2. They want me to sing. 3. We call him Mr. Smith. 4. The sun keeps us warm.
第五种:主语+连系动词+表语.
例句: 1. My father is happy. 2. She looks beautiful. 3. Her face turns red. 4. My dream(梦想) is to be a scientist.
五、定语
用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特 征的词。
例句: 1. This is a red car. 2. The tall boy is my friend. 3. Harbin is a beautiful city. 4. Mr. Black is a kind and interesting teacher.

句子结构和成分分析

句子结构和成分分析

第一讲英语的句子结构和成分主讲张燮一. 主谓结构(主语+不及物动词)1.The sun is shining2.They talked for half an hour.3.The pen writes well.*主语:可以做主语的有名词(boy. fire. apple等),代词(I, you ,it. she等),数词(two, thirteen),动词不定式(to learn English, to take a taxi),动词ing形式(playing football, watching TV)以及从句(what he did, That he is from Sichuan).#不能做主语的是:动词及动词短语(do, do some cooking, listen to the radio),介词短语(by bike, in the classroom.)学生常见错误如:1.Do something is better than do nothing.2.In the classroom have three boys.3.By bike is good for health.4.Listen to the music make me happy.*不及物动词(vi)指该动词不能跟宾语,也就是说该动词后没有宾语.(如上例)。

常见的不及物动词有(go, come, arrive, sleep, fall, appear, get. look, turn等)。

如:1.We go work every day. 2.My mother arrived Chengdu yesterday.3she often looks me.如果不及物动词后面跟宾语必须加介词过渡,转化为介词宾语。

1.we go to work every day.2.My mother arrived in Chengdu yesterday.3.She often looks at me.*谓语:由动词构成,位于主语之后。

英语句子成分及5种基本句型

英语句子成分及5种基本句型
此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的 谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。
什么可以作主语?
Shanghai is in the east of China. 名词 Tom works very hard.
I bought a new book. That is a picture of our school. Who knows the answer?
小结
谓语是句子的躯干,说明主语的动作.谓语动词随着主语的 不同而变化,随着时间的不同而变化,随着与主语的不同关 系( 主动关系和被动关系)而变化,总之,时时在变.谓语有三 种不同的形式:
1) 动词 They planted many trees on the hill . 2) 情态动词 + 动词 You must stay at home . 3) 系动词+ 表语 The report is very interesting.
We love China. We have finished reading this book. He can speak English.
及物动词 vt
My mother usually gets up early. The boy often plays in his yard. 不及物动词 vi
代词
The leaves turn yellow in autumn.
形容词
The teacher was satisfied with your work.
巩固练习:
1.冬季白天短,夜晚长
In winter, the days are short and t源自e nights are long.
He brings cookies to me every day.

英语句子成分分析与基本句型

英语句子成分分析与基本句型

Did you write down what he said? (句子)
• 宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指 物或事,间接宾语指人或动物. • He gave me some books. ↓ ↓ 间接 直接 宾语 宾语 ●please pass me the book. ●He bought his girlfriend some flowers.
英语句子有长在短,有简有繁,从现象看,似乎千 变万化,难以捉摸,但从实质看,可以发现其内在联系 ,找出其共同规律。英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五 种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种 基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。 英语五种基本句型列式如下: 基本句型一: S +V (主+谓) 基本句型二: S +V +P (主+系+表) 基本句型三: S +V +O (主+谓+宾) 基本句型四: S +V +IO +O(主+谓+间宾+直宾) 基本句型五: S +V +O +C(主+谓+宾+宾补)
㈠主语(subject)
句子说明的人或事物
• • • • • • • Jane is good at playing the piano.(名词) She went out in a hurry. (代词) Four plus four is eight. (数词) To see is to believe. (不定式) Smoking is bad for health. (动名词) The young should respect the old. (名词化的形容词) What he has said is true.(句子)
He told me the news that our team won the game. 从句

英语句子结构成分及分析举例

英语句子结构成分及分析举例

英语句子结构成分及分析举例
1. The cat is sitting on the mat.
句子结构:主语+谓语+宾语+状语
句子成分分析:
- 主语:The cat
- 谓语:is sitting
- 宾语:on the mat
-状语:无
2. John and Mary went to the park yesterday.
句子结构:主语+谓语+宾语+状语
句子成分分析:
- 主语:John and Mary
- 谓语:went
- 宾语:to the park
- 状语:yesterday
3. I bought a new car last week.
句子结构:主语+谓语+宾语+状语
句子成分分析:
-主语:I
- 谓语:bought
- 宾语:a new car
- 状语:last week
4. She is reading a book in the library.
句子结构:主语+谓语+宾语+状语
句子成分分析:
- 主语:She
- 谓语:is reading
- 宾语:a book
- 状语:in the library
5. The sun sets in the west.
句子结构:主语+谓语+状语
句子成分分析:
- 主语:The sun
- 谓语:sets。

中学英语基本句型与句子成分分析

中学英语基本句型与句子成分分析

中学英语基本句型与句子成分分析I.五种基本句型句子由主语和谓语两大部分组成。

主语结构比较单一,谓语结构则不然,不同类别的谓语动词导致不同的谓语结构,从而形成了不同的句型(Sentence Pattern)。

换句话说,不同的句型是由不同类别的谓语动词所决定的,因此,句型又被称为动词句型(Verb Pattern)。

语法家们对句型的分类不尽相同,一般认为,现代英语的基本句型主要有五种:1.“主----系-----表”(SLP)句型:谓语动词是以be为主的连系动词(Linking Verb),后面接表语如:These oranges are fresh. 这些桔子很新鲜。

Mary is a student / here /in the room. 玛丽是个学生/在这儿/在房间里。

2.“主---谓”(SV)句型:(谓语是不及物动词)This bread won‟t keep (for a long time). 这种面包不好(长期)存放。

Tom has left. They are staying in a hotel. 他们暂住在一家旅馆里。

3.“主----谓----宾”(SVO)句型:谓语动词为只带一个宾语的及物动词,这种动词被称为单宾语及物动词(Monotransitive Verb),如:He kept the money. 他保存着这些钱。

They have left the hotel. 他们已经离开了那家旅馆。

The train leaves London at nine. 这列火车九点钟驶离伦敦。

4.“主----谓----间宾-----直宾”(SVOiId)句型:He kept me a dictionary. 他为我保存了一本词典。

Shall I leave you the camera? 要我把照相机留给你吗?5.“主----谓----宾----补”(SVOC)句型:She kept a notebook handy. 她手头上随时有个笔记本。

英语简单句子结构分析

英语简单句子结构分析

英语简单句子结构分析简单句的五种基本句型1. 主语+谓语 S+V2. 主语+谓语+宾语 S+V+O3. 主语+谓语动词+宾语+宾补 S+V+O+C4. 主语+谓语+间接宾语人+直接宾语物 S+V+O+O5. 主语+系动词+表语 S+LV+P英语句子当中的成分分为:主、谓、宾、定、状、补六类。

宾语:表示动词的对象、承受者或后果。

定语:用来修饰、限定、说明名词或代词的品质与特征的。

状语:句子重要修饰成分,是谓语的另一个附加成分,附加在谓语中心语补语:起补充说明作用的部分,作用对象是主语和宾语,具有鲜明的定语性描写或限制性功能。

1. 主语S+谓语Vi不及物动词I see. I’ll try. Time flies.He can swim. Who knows? That depends.Everybody smiled. Water flows.The children are playing. Tim is sleeping.She is crying. He is reading. It’s snowing.该句型中的动词为不及物,不及物动词词义自身完全,不需要宾语补足其意义,但有些动词词义必须由一个状语不能没有状语进行补充。

Birds sing beautifully. He reads loudly. He went on holiday.We go for a walk. They sit under the tree. Your sister dances beautifully. Jim and Tom study together every day. She swims like a fish.Her lecture lasted an hour. She is studying hard at the university.There be句型也属于这一结构。

There本身无词义常弱读,其后的动词be具有”存在”之义,所以是一实意动词。

初中英语句子成分分析及五种基本句型

初中英语句子成分分析及五种基本句型

初中英语句子成分分析及五种基本句型- 主语:句子中执行动作或被动执行动作的人、动物或物体,通常作为句子的主体。

例如:"Peter runs every morning."(彼得每天早上跑步。

)这里的主语是"Peter"。

- 谓语:句子中的动词,表示主语进行的动作或状态。

例如:"They are playing soccer."(他们正在踢足球。

)这里的谓语是"are playing"。

- 宾语:句子中受动作影响的人、动物或物体,通常是动词的直接或间接对象。

例如:"She gave me a present."(她送给了我一个礼物。

)这里的宾语是"a present"。

- 定语:修饰名词或代词的词或词组,通常用来描述或限制名词或代词的特性。

例如:"The red car is mine."(那辆红色的车是我的。

)这里的定语是"red"。

- 状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的词或词组,用来说明动作、状态、方式、时间、地点、原因等。

例如:"He speaks English fluently."(他流利地说英语。

)这里的状语是"fluently"。

五种基本句型:初中英语中常见的五种基本句型包括:主谓句、主谓宾句、主谓表句、主系表句和疑问句。

1. 主谓句:由主语和谓语构成的句子。

例如:"The dog barks."(那只狗叫。

2. 主谓宾句:由主语、谓语和宾语构成的句子。

例如:"She readsa book."(她读一本书。

)3. 主谓表句:由主语、谓语和表语(通常是形容词或名词)构成的句子。

例如:"The cake tastes delicious."(这块蛋糕尝起来很美味。

基本句型与句子成分

基本句型与句子成分

五大基本句型与句子成分英语句子长短不一,有简有繁,表面上看,变化万千,但分析其实质,却可发现共同的规律:这些变化万千的句子,从其结构来看,都符合五种基本句型。

1. 主语+ 系动词+ 表语例句:He is very happy. 他很高兴。

注解:is 为连系动词,没有具体动作,只是起连接主语(He)和后边成分(very happy)的作用,系动词后面所接的成分是用来说明主语的特点,表明主语的性质特征,因此我们把系动词后面的成分叫做主语补足语,也叫做表语。

系动词的主要分类:1)状态系动词:be2)持续系动词:keep, remain, stay, lie, stand3)表像系动词:seem, appear, look4)感官系动词:feel, smell, sound, taste,5)变化系动词:become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come, run.6)终止系动词:prove, turn out, 表达"证实","结果…"2. 主语+ 谓语(+ 状语:表明时间、地点、方式、原因等)例句:They differ widely in the taste. 他们的品味非常不同。

注解:这类动词为不及物动词,这种动词所表示的动作完整,不能带宾语。

动词后面可接副词或介词短语来说明动作的程度,原因,时间等,作状语。

3. 主语+ 谓语+ 宾语例句:I can't stand him. 我对他忍无可忍。

注解:这类动词为单宾动词,即只能接一个宾语的及物动词。

4. 主语+ 谓语+ 间接宾语+ 直接宾语例句:He bought me a car. 他给我买了一辆车。

注解:这类动词为双宾动词,即可以接两个宾语的动词。

其中物(a car)是动作的承受者,作直接宾语,而人(me)是动作的接受者,作间接宾语。

5. 主语+ 谓语+ 宾语+ 宾语补足语例句:I find him a good guy. 我发现他是个好人。

英语中的句子成分及五种基本句型分析

英语中的句子成分及五种基本句型分析
s_h_o__p_p_in_g_ on Sunday. ❖5. W__h_e_n__I _g_r_o_w__up, I am going to be
a doctor. 状语阐明了动词的哪些方面的特点?
❖1. 小李回家后,立刻就睡觉去了。
❖Xiao Li went to bed as soon as he came home.
❖ 6.这种特殊的恐龙是我们国家发现的。 ______________________________________
❖ 7.我没有笔写字。 ______________________________________
❖ 8.照片中的王太太看起来很年轻。 ______________________________________
P happy.
nice. red.
基本句型三 主谓宾
❖S+V+O ❖We study English everyday. ❖They are playing football. ❖He enjoys reading. ❖She said “Good morning.”
基本句型三 主谓宾
S
V
O
We They He She
❖4. He is a man s_u_it_a_b_l_e_f_o_r_t_h_e_j_ob.
你能归纳出定语的位置吗?
定语阐明名词特点,性质; 状语则阐明 动词何如何.
❖1. We _o_ft_e_n help him. ❖2. I r_e_a_ll_y don’t like the food. ❖3. He did his homework c_a_re_f_u_l_ly ❖a_t_h_o_m__e. ❖4.Her mother goes _o_u_t _to__d_o__s_o_m_e___

英语句子成分分析及结构

英语句子成分分析及结构

1.主语:表句子说的是“什么人”或“什么事”。

通常在句子前面,充当主语的有名词、代词、不定式、动名词、从句、句子等。

e.g. The trees grow very fast.2.谓语:说明主语“做什么”“是什么”或“怎么样”。

通常在主语后(出疑问和倒装外)。

一般由动词来充当。

e.g. The plane takes off at 8, but this morning it may be delayed by the thick fog.3.宾语:表动作行为的对象,在及物动词或介词后。

充当宾语的有名词、代词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、从句、句子等。

e.g. He takes a bath every morning.4.表语:与系动词连用,一起构成谓语部分,说明主语的性质和特征。

长在系动词之后。

充当表语的有名词、代词、数词、形容词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语从句等。

e.g. He turned doctor after school, as his parents had expected.Oh, it’s you.5.定语:用来修饰名词或代词。

单个词长放在被修饰词前面,短语或句子在被修饰词之后。

充当定语的有数词、名词、形容词、副词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、从句等。

e.g. More than twenty workers were fired.This is a stone table and hard enough to hold the load of goods.6.状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词,表动作发生的时间、地点、目的、方式等。

位置比较灵活。

充当状语的有副词、介词短语、不定式、分词、形容词、形容词词组和名词词组、从句等。

e.g. Tom speaks english very fast and i almost can’t understand him.Don’t step on ht grass, for it is growing.7.补足语:名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、不定式等皆可做补足语。

初中英语五种基本句型及句子成分名词解释

初中英语五种基本句型及句子成分名词解释

1五种简单句基本句型1.“主语+谓语”(即“主谓”句型)这一句型英汉语言结构形式完全相同,说明“某人或某物如何动作”,或者说“某人或某物自身怎样运动”。

例:They arrived in Harbin yesterday morning.分析:“they”(主语)“arrived”(谓语)。

2.“主语+谓语+宾语”(即“主谓宾”句型)这一句型英汉语言的结构形式完全相同,用以说明“某人或某物做什么事情”,或者说“某人或某物发出了动作,并且其动作涉及到另一个人或物”。

例:I study English.分析:“I”(主语)“study”(谓语动作)“English”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)。

3.“主语+谓语+间接宾语+直接宾语”(即“主谓双宾”句型)这一句型英汉语序结构相同,说明“某人为谁(间接宾语为人)做某事”,或者说“某人或物的运动涉及到两个对象,其中一个间接对象为人,另一个为物”。

例:Our teacher taught us English.分析:“our teacher”(主语)“教”(谓语动作)“us”(间接宾语)“English”(直接宾语)。

4.“主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语”(即“主谓宾宾补”句型)这一句型说明“某人或某物要求(使、让)某人做什么”或“某人感觉某人或物怎么样”。

例:He asked her to go there.分析:“he”(主语)“asked”(谓语动作)“her”(宾语即动作涉及的对象)“to go there”(补语--补充说明宾语做什么)。

5.“主语+系动词+表语”(即“主系表”句型)这一句型用以说明“某人(某物、某事、某种概念)具有什么特征或处于什么状态”。

汉语的“是”字结构属于这一英语句型的形式之一。

常用的系动词有be, keep,lie, remain, stand, become, fall, get, go,grow, turn, look, feel, seem,smell, sound, taste,等。

英语句子成分

英语句子成分

(二)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或 具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语, 一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下: 1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。 如: He came late again. The sun rises in the east. 2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或其他助 动词加动词原形构成。如: 1.You may keep the book for two weeks. 2.He has caught a bad cold.
4)宾语:宾语表示动作的对象或承受者,一般位 于及物动词和介词后面。例如: ①I went to see an exhibition yesterday.(名词) ②My mom loves me.(代词) ③How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词) ④They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词) ⑤He pretended not to see me.(不定式短语) ⑥I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词 短语) ⑦I think(that)he is fit for his office.(宾语从 句)
(2)由系动词加表语构成的谓语。 如:We are students. The idea sounds good.
(三)表语:表语用以说明主语的身份、
特征和状态,它一般位于系动词之后。表 语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数 词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及 表语从句表示。 Our foreign teacher of English is an Australian.(名词) Is it yours?(代词) The weather has turned cool.(形容词) The speech is exciting.(分词) Three times seven is twenty one.(数词
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英语突破秘诀之英语句子基本句型及成分分析英语考试中,你是否单选总是模棱两可?完形看懂却得不到高分?阅读总有些长难句看不透?写作时总是句子不成型或是语法错误一大堆…如果是那么你肯定没掌握好基本句型和句子成分的分析!句子是语言的中心!如果无法理解句子,那当然无法拿到一个好的成绩。

语法是英语学习的核心所在,而掌握好基本句型和句子成分的分析则有利于学生更好地理解消化英语知识点,并把握到英语的语言规律,学习起来也必会事半功倍!你想突破你的英语吗?你想打通你修炼英语中的任督二脉吗?还等什么!?行动吧! -------金星英语句子按照用途可分为:疑问句、祈使句、陈述句、和感叹句四种。

疑问句包括:一般疑问、特殊疑问、选择疑问、附加疑问、感叹疑问和反问句。

按照其复杂程度可分为:简单句、并列句和复合句。

其中简单句又可以称为英语五大基本句型。

最后我们来说说英语句子的成分:总的来说,句子皆由两种成分组成:主语部分和谓语部分。

英语句子成分可以划分成两大类:基本成分(主语、谓语、宾语、表语)和附属成分(定语、状语、同位语和独立成分)。

英语五种基本句型列式如下:一:S+V(主+谓)此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。

这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。

二:S+V+O(主+谓+宾)点津】此句型中的谓语动词既必须是及物动词或短语动词,后面的宾语可以是名词、代词、动名词或动词不定式。

巧记跟动名词作宾语的动词秘诀之一:完成实践值得忙,(finish,practice,be worth,be busy)继续习惯别放弃,(keep on,beused to,give up)考虑建议不禁想,(consider,suggest,can’t help,feel like)喜欢思念要介意.(enjoy,miss,mind)三:S+V+P(主+谓+表) 这一句型用以说明“某人(某物、某事、某种概念)具有什么特征或处于什么状态”谓语必须是系动词。

作表语的可以是名词、代词、形容词等秘诀:常用的联系动词有:四:S+V+o+O(主+谓+间宾+直宾)【点津】此句型中的及物动词后接两个宾语(双宾语),即指人的间接宾语和指物的直接宾语。

通常情况下,间接宾语在前,直接宾语在后。

有时间接宾语也可改为由介词to或for引起的短语,放在直接宾语的后面。

She passed him the salt. = She passed the salt to him. 她把盐递给了他。

秘诀:由介词to 连接间接宾语的动词常见的有:give, pass, tell, show, lend, take,teach 等;由介词for 连接间接宾语的动词常见的有:buy, cook, get, make, choose, sing 等。

五:S+V+O+C(主+谓+宾+宾补)【点津】此句型中的宾语后面需接上宾语补足语来补充说明宾语的有关情况,这样意思才完整。

宾语和宾语补足语合称复合宾语,宾语与宾语补足语之间存在着逻辑上的主谓或主表关系。

可作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、现在分词、动词不定式、介词短语等。

秘诀:1. 接名词作宾语补足语的动词常见的有:call, make, think, name 等。

2. 接形容词作宾语补足语的动词常见的有:keep, make, find, think 等。

3. 动词不定式作宾语补足语时通常分为以下三种情况:(1) 接带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词常见的有:want, ask, wish, tell, teach等。

(2) 接不带to 的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词常见的有:(在被动语态中TO要还原)4. 接现在分词作宾语补足语的动词常见的有:hear, see, watch, keep, find 等感官动词。

5. 接介词短语作宾语补足语的动词常见的有:find, make, keep 等。

新加四种新基本句型.6 “主语+ have + 宾语”(即“拥有”句型)这一句型主要用于说明“某人或某物拥有什么(宾语,即有形或无形的资源)”7。

 There be + 主语+ 状语(介词短语)【点津】本句型又叫There be 句型,常用来表示“在某地(某时) 有某物(某人)”,但应注意与have 的区别:have / has 作“有”讲时,表示所属关系,即“所有,占有”,而there be 结构表示客观上的存在,不说明所有关系。

在此句型中,there 是引导词,无实义,其主语是be 动词之后的名词且这些名词通常用不确定的限定词(a, no, all 等) 修饰,不用确定的限定词(the, this, that 等) 修饰。

同时,此句型中的主语不能是人称代词、专有名词以及被物主代词或所有格修饰的名词。

如不能说:There is China in the east of the world. There are their books on the desk. 注意:动词be 在人称和数上应和其后的主语(名词) 保持一致,be动词应采取“邻近原则”,即be 应与邻近的主语在数上保持一致。

动词be 的时态随具体情况而定。

在此句型中,谓语动词有时不用be,而用其他动词,使语言表达更生动形象,如live, stand, lie 等。

8. 比较句型这一句型用以比较物质甲与乙之间的异同。

1)相等比较: as + 形容词/副词原级+ as2)劣等比较…less+形容词/副词原级+ than …3)优等比较:…+ 形容词/副词比较级+ than… ;4)最高级:the + 形容词/副词最高级(单数名词或one)+{of(among) + 人或物}{in + 场所}9. “it + is/was + 形容词+ to do/从句”(即评价句型)这一句型用于说明“某一动作或事情属于什么性质或具有什么特征”。

即对某一动作或事情进行评价。

(这里it 是形式主语,真正的主语是to do 结构或that 从句例:It is important to learn a foreign language.学习一门外语很重要。

句子成分分析主语谓语宾语定语状语补表语名词YYY YYY Y Y YYY动词YYY形容词 YYY YYY副词 YY YYY Y数词 YY YY YY代词 YYY YYY Y介短 YYY YYY YYY应试秘诀:(单选完形B 写作)1 名词——可数|不可数——单复数(单数可数名词在句子中不能单独出现,要不前面加限定词要不变复数)动词——谓语V|非谓语V谓语V注意时态和人称;简单句中必须有且一般只能有一个谓语V非谓语V——TO DO 表目的;DOING表伴随状态或强调正在进行的动作;DONE表被动3形副互相转换形+LY=副比较级最高级形(定语)+名系V+形(表)副+形实义V+副4代词人称|物主人称——主格|宾格物主——形物|名物名物=形物+名词不定代词+形容词反身代词注意单复数-SELF变-SELVES5介词介词后面接V-INGy一.Analyse the sentences to see which sentence structure belongs toBirds sing beautifully 2.We like English3 .I make you clear 4.He went on holiday5 .I want to help him6 .We are Chinese7 I give you help 8.We stopped to have a rest9 He bought a coat for me 10 I'll go swimming老师寄语:英语学习就像是寻找《桃花源记》里的入口,起初摸不着头脑,好不容易找到了也很难挤进去,但是一旦我们坚持走下去,总会发现前面越走越宽。

坚持就是胜利,虽然英语的语法知识系统繁复,但只要大家都能够学精学透,在实践中不断学习,排除不断出现的困难,那么你的英语必将突破!加油!三、用符号划出下列短文各句中的定语(=)、谓语(—),宾语(~)定语(())状语([])、补语(〈〉):~Most Saturday evenings there is a party, even at harvest time. These parties often make us very happy. We cook meat on an open fire outside. It's great! Americans eat a lot of meat — too much in my opinion. Some of my friends drink beer. I don't, because I have to drive home after the party. In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the States. There are five different time areas in the States. In my state we are fourteen hours behind Beijing time. How many different time areas do you have in China? Well, I must stop and get some sleep. Please give my best regards to your parents.句型练习题1.I am sorry to have kept you ____.a. waitb. to waitc. waitingd. waited2.She found her dog ___over by a car on the road.a. runb. ran d. to run d. running4. She felt somebody ___her.a. touchedb. touchesc. touchd. to touch5. She taught him _____speak English.a. howb. how could hec. how he couldd. how to8.He warned ____home .a. us to not gob. us not to goc. we not god. us not go9. Canned food does not go ____.a. bed easilyb. badly easyc. bad easyd. badly easily10.The sad news kept her ___all the night.a. awakeb. wakenc. waked. to wake11.I think ____a bad habit to get up late .a. thatb. itc. thisd. its13.Roses in bloom smell ____.a. sweetlyb. sweetc. sweetend. sweetness15.She was lying in the sofa ____a book.a. readingb. readc. to readd. to reading16.A television set will keep us ____of the news of the day.a. informb. to informc. informedd. informing17.The speaker found himself ____all alone.a. leftb. leavec. leavingd. to leave21.Yesterday was my birthday. My mother ____.a.made a cake to meb.made a cake mec.made for me a caked.made me a cake22. The teacher ____John a good student.a. believesb. knowsc. suggestsd. considers48. There ____a lot of news about the fire on TV last night.a. wasb. hadc. wered. is49.There used to be a temple there, ____?a. usedn’t itb. used therec. didn’t itd. didn’t there50. There ___ a stream in front of our house. a. lies b. has c. stand d. lie突破定语从句关系代词|副词难点This is the place _____ (which/where) I spend my childwood .This is the place _____ (which/where) I visited last summer .I'll will never forever the days ______ (which/when) we spend together .I'll will never forever the days ______ (which/when) we live together in the country秘诀:这类题目是初中从句中较难的一类问题,解答时关键要分清楚从句中的主语,谓语,宾语是否齐全,若不齐全则选关系代词在从句中充当成分!若是句子成分齐全,则选择关系副词充当状语!突破时态和语态练习( ) 4. –Dad, please open the door, it _______. –OK, dear. I’m coming.A. locksB. lockedC. is lockedD. was locked( ) 6. A talk on Chinese history _______ in the school hall next week.A. be givenB. has been givenC. will be givenD. will give( ) 7. You may go fishing if your work _______.A. is doneB. will be doneC. has doneD. have done( ) 9. –Would your younger brother go for a picnic this Sunday?--If I don’t go, _______.A. so does heB. so he willC. neither will heD. neither does he( ) 18. How long have you _______ the book?A. boughtB. lentC. hadD. borrowed( ) 19. –Do you know him well ? --Sure. We _______ friendS since ten years ago.A. wereB. have beenC. have becomeD. have made( ) 21. –These farmers have been to the United States. –Really? When ______ there?will theygo B. did they go C. do they go D. have they gone( ) 27. –Hi, Lin Tao. I didn’t see you at the party.--Oh, I _______ ready for the maths exam. A. am getting B. was getting C. got D. have got( ) 28. –Excuse me. What did you say you would like to do, Miss White?--I said I’d better go back to the office. I _______ something this afternoon.A. would meetB. meetC. am going to meetD. was meeting( ) 33. Every spring, many trees _______ along the river.A. were plantedB. is plantedC. will be plantedD. are planted( ) 37. Five years ago nobody knew him, although he _______ more than 100 songs.A. already wroteB. have already writtenC. had already writtenD. was already writing( ) 39. It was the third time that I _______ in at his office.A. have droppedB. had droppedC. droppedD. was dropping( ) 41. The flowers want _______. Look, the soil is so dry.A. wateringB. being wateredC. to waterD. waters( ) 43. –Excuse me. Where is the sick boy sent here a moment ago?--He ______ by the doctor. A. has been examined B. will be examinedC. is examined D. is being examined( ) 45. –Your name again? I _______ quite catch it. –Bartholomew Liveli.A. didn’tB. don’tC. couldn’tD. can’t( ) 47. He _______ in bed all day long because he had a headache.A. lieB. layC. laidD. lied( ) 49. More and more people began to _______ that good health means good wealth.A. learnB. understandC. considerD. Realize 36—40 DCCBB41—45 ACDBA 46—49 BBDD1—5 CCACB 6—10 CAACC 11—15 CDACD 16—20 ABCBA21—25 BBBDD 26—30 DBCAB 31—36 CDDBB。

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