英语语法总结--动词不定式
第十二章动词不定式(思维导图+知识梳理+好题精炼)2022-2023初中英语中考语法归纳
第十二章动词不定式思维导图知识梳理一、不定式概述动词不定式的基本形式是:“t o+动词原形”,有时可以不带to.不带to的不定式与动词原形同形,但它不是原形,而是一种语法形式.除基本助动词do和情态动词外,英语动词都有不定式形式.动词不定式没有人称和数的变化,在句子中不能作谓语,但可以担任除谓语外的任何成分－主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语和宾语补足语.动词不定式和它的宾语或状语构成不定式短语.不定式有时态、语态变化(以do为例):动词不定式的句法作用(一)作主语用作主语的动词不定式通常表示一种具体的、特定的行为,其谓语动词用第三人称单数形式.To obey the laws is everyone's duty.服从法律是每个人的职责.How to use the computer is a question.怎么使用计算机是一个问题.How to get there is not decided yet.怎样去那里还没决定下来.点拨(1)在很多情况下,常用it作形式主语,而把真实主语不定式放在谓语之后.It was difficult to sell my car.我的车很难卖掉.It's not known where to stay for the night.在哪里过夜还不知道.(2)如果要表示不定式的动作是谁做的,一般在不定式前加一个for短语.It will be a regret for us not to help him.我们没有帮助他是个遗憾.(3)在某些形容词(如kind, good, nice, wise, unwise, clever, silly, wrong, right, foolish, stupid, careless, considerate, rude, naughty, impolite等)作表语时,不定式前常可加一个以of引起的短语,来说明不定式指的是谁的情况.It would be rude of us to refuse their invitation.(我们)拒绝他们的邀请,会显得无礼.(二)作表语作表语,一般紧跟在系动词,如:be, seem, get等后面,用以说明主语.The question is when to start.问题是什么时候启程.You seem to have lost weight.你好像减肥了.What we have to do first is to find a solution.我们得做的第一件事是找出一个解决办法.点拨当不定式所作的表语仅用来说明主语的内容时,这个不定式只作单纯的表语,而不具有未来的含义.(三)作宾语能以不定式作宾语的动词很多,常见的有:agree, begin, decide, expect, forget, hope, learn, like, manage, pretend, start, try, want, wish等.Do you wish to see the manager?你想见经理吗?They decided to learn English hard.他们决定好好学英语.Don't forget to meet me at 6:00.别忘了六点钟和我见面.有些动词,如:tell, advise, show, teach, know, forget, learn , remember, show,understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, decide, discuss等后面,常用带疑问词的不定式作宾语.We don't know who(whom)to ask.我们不知道问谁.We asked how to get to the station.我们问怎么到达车站.Have you decided where to go for your holidays?你们决定到哪儿度假了吗?I don't know whether to apply for the job or not?那份工作我不知道申请还是不申请?(四)作定语I have no time to waste.我没有时间可浪费.Let me find a place to park.我来找个停车的地方.He is always the first to come to work and the last to leave.他总是第一个来上班,最后一个走.点拨不定式修饰something, anything, nothing时,放在它们的后面.如果something, anything, nothing 有形容词来修饰,词序是something(nothing...)+形容词＋不定式.My father had something to do.我父亲有事要办.Have you got anything important to buy?你有什么重要的东西要买吗?(五)作状语不定式常可用作状语,修饰动词,表示行为的目的、结果、原因等.一般放在被修饰词之后,但在表示目的时,为了强调也可放在句首.1.作目的状语为加强语气在否定式前还可加上in order或so as组成词组(即:in order to...,so as to...),作状语表示目的.To live a long and healthy life, we must learn to have a balanced diet.为了能过长寿而健康的生活,我们必须懂得吃均衡的食品.I stayed there so as to see what would happen.我留在那儿,为的是想看看会发生什么事.In order to help him, we would do everything we can.为了帮助他,我们愿意尽一切力量.2.作结果状语表结果,其逻辑主语通常亦是全句的主语.在“so...as to...”“such...as to..“enough to...”“only to...”以及“too...to...”等结构中的不定式皆表示结果.She is old enough to go to school.她已到了可以上学的年龄了.He was too drunk to drive home.他酩酊大醉,没法开车回家.3.作原因状语She trembled to think of the terrible accident.想到那可怕的车祸,她就不寒而栗.We jumped with joy to hear the news.听到这消息,我们都高兴地跳了起来.(六)宾语补足语1、有很多动词的后面都可以有不定式作宾语补足语常见的这类动词有:advise, ask, tell, help, wish, want, expect, forbid, persuade, press, request, teach, warn等.She asked her grandfather to play game with her.她请爷爷跟她一起做游戏.Mother told me to cook the meal.妈妈叫我做饭.2.有一些动词后用作宾语补足语的不定式通常不带to,这种动词有两类:一类是感觉动词,另一类是使役动词感觉动词:如feel, see, hear, watch, notice等.使役动词:如make, let, have等.Let me do it for you.让我来替你做.Don't let her go out.别让她出去.I made him work hard.我迫使他加劲干.(1)动词help之后,复合宾语中的不定式可带to,亦可不带to.在上述动词转换为被动结构时,其后的不定式必须带to.He was seen to enter the theatre.有人看见他走进了剧院.I was made to do my homework the whole night.我被迫整晚做作业.Can you help me (to) move this table?你能帮我移动一下这张桌子吗?(2)感官动词的宾语补足语有两种形式:不带to的不定式和动词-ing形式.I heard Meimei singing in her room when I went past.我路过的时候听见梅梅在房间里唱歌.(路过的瞬间正在唱,所以用singing)We often hear Meimei sing in her room.我们经常听见梅梅在房间里唱歌.(经常听见,用不定式)I saw him come in.I saw him coming in.两句话的意思都一样:我看见他进来.用不定式着重于动作的全过程,用动词-ing形式则是强调当时动作的进行情况.3.当谓语动词为think, make, find, consider, feel, regard等词,作宾语的不定式后面有宾语补足语时,常用it作形式宾语,而将真正的宾语放在补足语的后面I find it easy to learn English well.我发现要把英语学好很容易.三、不定式的主要句型及注意事项(一)不定式的否定式不定式的否定式:not+不定式,经常和ask(tell)sb. to do sth.句型连用.She asked me not to drive him to the station.她要我不要开车送他到车站.Try not to be late.争取不要迟到.Mary asked me not to give my pen to Jimmy.玛丽让我别把笔给吉米.She decided not to come here again.她决定不再到这儿来.点拨不定式的否定式和否定句的区别:I asked him not to open the door.我让他别把门打开.I didn't ask him to open the door.我没让他把门打开.(二)不定式的进行时态进行式:表示在谓语动词所表示的动作或状态发生时正在进行.It's nice to be sitting here with you.在这儿陪你坐着是非常愉快的.It is unwise for him to be talking that topic all the time.他老是谈论这件事,很不明智.(三)不定式的完成时态完成式表示在谓语动词的动作或状态发生时已经完成.She said she was sorry to have missed you.她说她没见到你很遗憾.He seemed to have visited our factory.他好像参观过我们的工厂.They appeared to have met before.他们看来以前见过面.(四)动词不定式的被动语态表示被动意义I didn't want to be told about it.我不想被告知这件事.Nothing seems to have been forgotten.似乎什么也没有被遗忘.The building is said to have been destroyed in a fire two years ago.据说这幢大楼两年前已毁于一场大火.在以某些形容词,如kind, good, silly, honest, bad, stupid, bold, clever, cruel,courteous, nice, rude, sensible, tactful, wise, wrong等作表语时,后面需用以“of+名词(或代词宾格)＋不定式”结构,以说明不定式所表示的动作的执行者是谁(即of短语是不定式的逻辑主语).It's very good of you to come.谢谢你的光临.How silly of you (it is)to make such a mistake!你出了这样的差错,多傻啊！It's very kind of you to say so.多谢你这么说.在had better, had best, would rather, would rather...than, would sooner, would sooner...than, cannot but, do nothing but等结构后面的不定式要省略“to”.You had better write it in English.你最好用英文写.I would rather stay at home.我宁愿待在家里.好题精练一、用-ing形式或不定式的适当形式完成句子1.Do you enjoy_________ football?(play)2.Fred didn't have any money, so he decided_________ a job.(take)3.We're going out for dinner, Would you like_________ us?(join)4.The teacher reminded the students_________ their test paper on time.(finish)5.When I was tired, I enjoyed_________ TV.(watch)6.It was a nice day, so the old man agreed_________ for a walk.(go)7.I'm not in a hurry, I don't mind_________.(wait)答案:1.playing2.to take3.to join4.to finish5.watching6.to go7.waiting二、选择括号内所给词组完成句子,注意括号内“go+v.-ing形式”构成固定搭配的用法(go boating; go fishing; go dancing; go running; go skating; go hunting; go singing)1.She's a good dancer. She always_________ on Saturday.2.I've got a gun. I'll_________ with that strong hunter next weekend.3.“Where is Tim?”“He has. _________ He always runs in the morning.”4.We have enough fish to eat. Our father_________ every day.答案:1.goes dancing2.go hunting3.gone running4.goes fishing三、仿照示例改写下列句子示例:It is very interesting to play baseball.→ To play baseball is very interesting.1.lt was not polite to speak that way before Mr. Lee.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.It can be quite easy to travel by air.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.lt will be no problem to arrive there before noon.____________________________________________________________________________________________4.To make those strangers believe us was so difficult.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.To help Tom speak Chinese well is not at all easy.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案:1.To speak that way before Mr. Lee was not polite.2.To travel by air can be quite easy.3.To arrive there before noon will be no problem.4.It was so difficult to make those strangers believe us.5.It is not at all easy to help Tom (to) speak Chinese well.四、选择填空1. _________ the bookstore, he stopped_________ a few books.A. Passing; buyingB. Passing; to buyC. To pass; buyingD. Having passed; to buy2.Bruce,look at your dirty shoes, You'd better_________ them right now.A. washedB. washingC. washD. to wash3. _________ the room, I found the computer_________.A. Entering; stealingB. Entering; stolenC. To enter; stealD. To enter; stealing4.We've worked hard for nearly one hour. Let's stop_________ a rest now.A. haveB. to haveC. havingD. have had5.My mother always tells me not_________ to the net bars(网吧)．A. goB. to goC. goesD. going6.The teacher asked us_________ English for half an hour in the morning.A. reads B reading C. to read D. read7.You will have to get up early tomorrow. Stop_________ TV, Peter.A. watchesB. watchC. to watchD. watching8.I find it hard_________ English well.A. learnB. learningC. to learnD. learns9.The teacher asked John_________ a short talk in our class meeting.A. giveB. to giveC. gaveD. giving10.The girl was too poor_________ a houseA. to buy; to live inB. to buy ;to liveC. buy; to liveD. buying; living in11.It was very late at night, but Mr. Brown still went on_________.A. works B .worked C. working D. work12.Remember_________ him about it before he goes away.A. tellB. to tellC. tellingD. to telling13.Lin Tao is strong enough_________ the big box.A. carryB. to carryC. carryingD. carries14.Her mother told her_________ in bed.A. not readB. not to readC. don't readD. to not read15.When class began, we stopped_________ to the teacher carefully.A. listeningB. listenC. listens D .to listen16.You'd better_________ the cinema by bus.A. don't goB. to goC. to go toD. go to17.What did the manager_________ you to_________ at the meeting?A. tell; sayB. ask; speakC. tell; speakD. ask; talk18.Tom was let_________ in the gate house.A. waitB. to waitC. waitingD. to have waited19.Mr.Hu has enough time_________ the job in two days.A. finishB. to finishC. finishingD. finished20.Look,the building_________ is our library.A. is repairedB. being repairedC. repairingD. to be repairing21. _________ no money, I could not buy this coat.A. HaveB. HavingC. To haveD. Have had22.The teacher has something important_________ us.A. to tellB. tellsC. tellingD. told23.Li Ming didn't know_________ next.A. to do whatB. what to doC. how to doD. what do24.I'd love_________ to your birthday party.A. comeB. cameC. to comeD. comes25.It took me two hours_________ by bus.A. to get thereB. to get to thereC. get thereD. get to there答案:1-5BCBBB 6-10CDCBA11-15CBBBD 16-20DABBB21-25 BABCA五、改正下列句子的错误1.He seems to not hear from her.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 2.I hope see you soon.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 3.I made them to give the money back.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 4.The scientist gave us some advice on how learning English.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 5.No one noticed him to leave the room.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 6.Have you given up to smoke?____________________________________________________________________________________________ 7.We found him waited at the school gate.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 8.Why not to turn off the light?____________________________________________________________________________________________ 9.She didn't want me go.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 10.I don't know to swim.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 11.China is a developed country belonging to the third world.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 12.It's getting dark. We have to find a hotel to live.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 13.He said he had an important meeting to attended.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 14.They don't allow that people smoke.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 15.It's difficult sell my car.____________________________________________________________________________________________ 答案:1.He seems not to...2.I hope to see...3.I made them give...4....how to learn...5....him leave...6....given up smoking?7...him waiting...8.Why not turn off...9.She didn't want me to go.10.I don't know how to swim.11....a developing...12....to live in13....to attend.14. ...people to smoke.15...to sell my car.。
英语语法之动词不定式
动词不定式语态
注意：1) 其他系动词如，look，appear等也可用于此句型 2) 不定式作为句子成分时，动词用单数形式。 3) 当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is… to…的句型 (对)To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。 (错)It is to believe to see.
动词不定式时态
1) 现在时：一般现在时表示的动词，有时与谓语动词表示的动作同时发生，有时发生在谓语动词的动作之后。 He seems to know this. I hope to see you again. = I hope that I'll see you again. 我希望再见到你。
注意:疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时，谓语动词用单数。 TБайду номын сангаасe question is how to put it into practice. 问题是怎样把它付诸实施。
3)当复合宾语中的宾语是不定式时，先用形式宾语it代替不定式，把不定式置于补语之后，即：主语＋动 词＋it＋补语＋to do句式。如： We think it quite important for us to learn a foreignlanguage well. He feels it his duty to help the poor. I find it difficult to learn English well.
高中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式与动名词
高中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式与动名词动词的不定式与动名词是英语中重要的语法知识点，具有广泛的用途。
在高中英语学习中，学生需要熟练掌握不定式和动名词的形式、用法以及常见的搭配。
本文将对动词的不定式与动名词的相关知识进行归纳总结，并给出一些常见的例句和实际运用场景。
一、动词的不定式不定式是动词的一种非谓语形式，通常由“to + 动词原形”构成。
不定式在句子中可以作为主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语。
1. 不定式作主语不定式作主语时，常常位于句首，用来指代具体的行为、想法或概念。
例句：- To learn a foreign language is not easy.（学习一门外语并不容易。
）- To avoid traffic jam, we decided to take the subway.（为了避免交通堵塞，我们决定乘地铁。
）2. 不定式作宾语不定式作宾语时，常常跟在某些动词（如want, hope, plan, decide等）后面，表示将要发生的动作。
例句：- She wants to be a doctor in the future.（她将来想成为一名医生。
）- We have decided to visit the Great Wall next week.（我们决定下周去参观长城。
）3. 不定式作表语不定式作表语时，常常跟在be动词（如is, am, are, was, were等）后面，表示主语的身份、职业或角色。
例句：- His dream is to become a famous writer.（他的梦想是成为一名著名的作家。
）- Their job is to teach English to international students.（他们的工作是教国际学生英语。
）4. 不定式作定语不定式作定语时，通常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后，用来修饰它们。
例句：- I have a book to read this weekend.（这个周末我有一本书要读。
语法规则-动词不定式
语法规则-动词不定式学习必备欢迎下载(一) 动词不定式做状语时表示目的和结果用法总结1. 作目的状语: I came here to see you. To stop the train, pull the lever downwards.目的状语还可以用如下表达法：肯定：to in order to+ 动词原形so as toI come to see her. = I come in order to see her. = I come so as to see her.that so that+ 主语 + may/might + 动词原形in order thatI come that I may see her. = I come in order that I may see her. = I come so that I may see her.否定： not to in order not to so as not to+ 动词原形that so that+ 主语 + may/might + not + 动词原形in order thatHe went away not to see me.= He went away in order not to see me.= He went away so as not to see me.= He went away in order that he might not see me.= He went away that he might not see me.= He went away so that he might not see me.in order to, in order that 和 so as to, so that 的区别 in order to 可以用在句首或句末，但 so as to 只能用在句末。
如：He got up very early in order to/so as to catch the first bus. In order to catch the first bus, he got up very early.（此时不能用so as to） so as to 和 in order to 的汉语意思应该是一样的“为的是，为了”。
英语动词不定式语法知识点归纳总结
英语动词不定式语法知识点归纳总结动词不定式考向一不定式的作用1. 作主语：不定式作主语时，谓语用单数。
往往用it 作形式主语，把不定式放在谓语后面。
It took us two hours to finish the job.2. 作宾语（1）动词+不定式。
☞He managed to escape from the fire.☞I find it hard to get along with him. （it 作形式宾语）（2）动词+疑问词+to，＂特殊疑问句+不定式＂相当于名词，作宾语。
☞I don’t know what to do next/ how to do it next.不定式短语作宾语时，如果还带有宾语补足语，往往把不定式短语放在宾语补足语之后，用it 作形式宾语。
☞I find it necessary to learn a foreign language.3. 作宾语补足语（1）动词+宾语+不定式（to do ）。
☞He warned me to be careful.注意：可以用动词不定式作宾补的动词有：ask，tell，order，want，get，would like，like，advise，invite，allowhelp，wish，warn，expect，would prefer，encourage。
（2）表见解、看法的动词结构可为：动词+宾语+ to be 的不定式结构。
☞We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class.The book is believed to be useful.（被动语态）（3）There +不定式。
We didn’t expect there to be so many people there. 我们没料到会有那么多人在那里。
（4）在动词feel （一感），hear, listen to（二听），have, let, make（三让），notice, see, watch, observe, look at（五看）(即：吾看三室两厅一感觉)等后面的补足语中，不定式不带to，但变为被动语态后，必须带to。
初三英语语法知识汇总 动词不定式
动词不定式一、动词不定式的基本形式肯定式：to＋动词原形否定式：not to＋动词原形（to是不定式符号、标志，无意义，可以不翻译。
）二、动词不定式的特征动词不定式是一种非谓语动词形式，它没有人称和数的变化，但有时态和语态的变化，在句子中不能作谓语，但可以作除谓语之外的其它任何句子成分（主语、表语、宾语、宾语补足语、定语和状语）；动词不定式具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，同时还保持动词的某些特点，即可以有自己的宾语和状语。
动词不定式和它的宾语和状语构成不定式短语。
三、动词不定式的用法1. 不定式作宾语能跟不定式作宾语的动词（及物动词）很多，构成vt.(及物动词)＋to do sth. 结构。
常见的有：want, like, wish, hate, hope, prefer, try, ask, start, begin, decide, learn, choose, agree, expect , remember, forget等。
eg. He wanted to borrow my CD players. 他想借我的CD播放机。
His brother is learning to drive. 他弟弟正在学驾驶。
I hope to speak English well. 我希望讲好英语。
动词不定式作宾语其后又有补足语时，常用it作形式宾语，而把不定式后置。
eg. I find it difficult to learn physics. 我发现学习物理很难。
2. 不定式作宾语补足语动词不定式位于及物动词的宾语后，补充说明宾语，作补足语。
构成vt.＋sb.＋（not）to do sth. 结构。
常用带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词结构有want sb.to do, ask sb.to do, tell sb.to do, order sb.to do, get sb.to do, wish sb.to do, allow sb.to do, invite sb.to do, teach sb.to do, encourage sb.to do, beg sb.to do等。
初中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式
初中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式动词的不定式是英语中的重要语法现象之一，学好不定式的用法可以帮助我们更好地理解和运用英语。
本文将对初中英语中动词的不定式进行归纳总结，以便同学们能够更加系统地掌握这一知识点。
一、动词的不定式形式英语中的动词不定式形式为“to + 动词原形”，其中“to”为不定式符号。
不定式的形式通常不受主语的人称和数的限制，一般用作动词、名词、形容词的宾语或补语。
二、不定式作动词的宾语动词不定式可以作为其他动词的宾语，常见的动词有：want, hope, plan, like, love, hate, enjoy等。
例如：1. I want to be a doctor when I grow up.（我长大后想当一名医生。
）2. They like to play basketball in their free time.（他们闲暇时喜欢打篮球。
）三、不定式作名词的补语不定式可以作为某些动词后的名词的补语，常见的动词有：be, become, seem, feel, appear等。
例如：1. Her dream is to become a famous singer.（她的梦想是成为一名著名的歌手。
）2. It seems to be a nice day for a picnic.（今天似乎是个适合野餐的好天气。
）四、不定式作形容词的补语不定式可以作为某些形容词后的补语，常见的形容词有：happy, sad, glad, ready, willing等。
例如：1. He is happy to help others.（他乐意帮助别人。
）2. I am ready to take on the challenge.（我准备好迎接挑战。
）五、不定式作目的状语不定式可以作为目的状语，表示动作的目的或者用途。
常见的动词有：go, come, try, learn, study等。
高中英语英语语法动词不定式总结的归纳总结
一.动词不定式的特征和种类动词不定式由“不定式符号to+动词原形”构成。
在某些情况下，to 也可以省略。
动词不定式有一些形式的变化，见下表（以do 为例）主动式被动式一般式to do to be done进行式to be doing 无完成式to have done to have been done完成进行式to have been doing无A.不定式的一般式不定式的一般式表示的动作通常与主要谓语的动作同时或几乎同时发生，或是在它之后发生。
He appears to be very happy.他看起来好象很高兴。
（同时发生）To catch the train ，we ’d better hurry to the station by taxi.为了赶上火车，我们最好赶紧乘出租车去车站。
(to catch the train 发生在hurry to the station 之后.)B.不定式的进行式不定式的进行式表示正在进行的或与谓语动词同时发生的动作。
It happens t o be raining when I got there. 我到达那里的时候，天碰巧下雨。
I ’m glad to be travelling with you. 我很高兴和你一起旅游。
C .不定式的完成式不定式的完成式表示的动作发生在谓语表示的动作之前。
I ’m sorry to have lost your key.我很抱歉把你的钥匙弄没了。
I meant to have finished my work last night, but I didn ’t feel very well.我本来想昨晚完成工作的，但是我觉得身体不舒服。
It has been an honor for me to have been invited to your country.对我来说，应邀来你们国家是一件很荣耀的事。
D.不定式的完成进行式不定式的完成进行式表示的动作在谓语表示的动作之前发生并且一直进行着。
英语语法-动词不定式课件
d. saw
forget/remember doing sth.
stop/go on to do sth
stop/go on doing sth
The scientist stopped __ to me though he was
busy.
√
a. talking
b. to talk
c. to have talk
It’s +adj+of sb+to do sth. Eg:你能邀请我，你真是太善良了。 It’s very kind of you to invit me. 若形容词是描述人的性格、品质的，如 kind，good，nice，right，wrong，clever， careless，polite，foolish等，用of sb. Eg:你真聪明，解出了这道数学题。 It’s clever of you to work out the maths problem.
1. It takes you ten minutes to get there. 主语
2. I hope to see him soon.
宾语
3. His wish is to become an artist.
表语
4. People eat to live, but not live to eat. 状语
I wish to go with you.
need to do learn to do agree to do
plan to do decide to do refuse to do
begin to do start to do
try to do
forget to do remember to do like to do
高中英语知识点归纳动词不定式的用法和结构
高中英语知识点归纳动词不定式的用法和结构动词不定式是英语中的一种非谓语动词形式，由动词原形加上to构成。
它可以充当名词、形容词或副词，具有时态、语态和语气的特点。
在高中英语学习中，动词不定式的用法和结构非常重要。
本文将对其进行归纳总结。
一、动词不定式作主语动词不定式可以充当句子的主语，常见的结构有：1. It + be + 形容词 + 不定式作主语例如：- It is important to learn a foreign language.学习一门外语很重要。
- It is necessary to finish the task before deadline.在截止日期之前完成任务是必要的。
2. 不定式结构作主语例如：- To travel around the world is my dream.环游世界是我的梦想。
- To study hard is the key to success.努力学习是成功的关键。
二、动词不定式作宾语动词不定式可以作及物动词的宾语，常见的结构有：1. 动词 + 不定式作宾语例如：- I want to go shopping this weekend.这个周末我想去购物。
- She decided to take a break and relax.她决定休息一下，放松一下。
2. 常见的动词有：agree, hope, promise, refuse, plan, learn, wish等。
三、动词不定式作补语动词不定式可以作宾语补足语，常见的结构有：1. 动词 + 宾语 + 不定式作补足语例如：- They made him work overtime.他们让他加班工作。
- We find it interesting to solve puzzles.我们发现解谜很有趣。
2. 情态动词 + 动词原形作补足语例如：- He can't afford to buy a new car.他买不起新车。
初中英语语法专项--动词不定式
6.作宾语补足语
1．后面能接不定式作宾语补足语的动词有：ask, order, teach, tell, want, wish, help等。老师要我们做练习一。 The teacher told us to do Exercise 1. 我们帮助她修理自行车。 We helped her (to) repair her bike.
1．不定式作定语通常只能放在被修饰词之后。I have a lot of homework to do. I’m hungry. Please give me something to eat.
注意： 不定式所修饰的名词如果是time, place或way，不定式后面的介词习惯上要省去。 eg: Many wild animals don’t have a safe place to live,because villages and farms are growing bigger and are taking away their land and forests.
作宾语补足语
2．使役动词let, have, make及感官动词see, watch, notice, hear, feel等要以不带to的不定式作宾补。 Let’s have a rest. 我们休息一会吧。 I saw him come in. 我看见他进来了。
不定式(短语)作主语时,往往由”it”代替它做形式主语。
It is sad to think of pandas and other animals in danger
中考英语语法复习—动词的不定式、v-ing用法总结
中考复习——动词不定式to do 与动名词doing 的用法知识集锦一、动词的不定式①不定式有标记，to与动词连一起。
②没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。
③主宾定状表补语，唯独作谓不可以。
④not 加上不定式，否定结构要牢记。
⑤疑问词与不定式，构成短语有意义。
⑥仔细推敲多思考，准确判断有依据。
解析：①“to+动词原形”是它的基本构成形式，即不定式的标记。
②它没有人称和数的变化，不管主语是任何人称，单数还是复数，动词不定式都没有变化。
但它仍保留动词的特点，可以有自己的宾语或状语。
③它具有名词、形容词和副词三大特点，所以，它在句中可以作主语、宾语、定语、表语、状语和宾补。
④“not +动词不定式”是它的否定形式，不要受其他否定式的影响，要记住规律。
⑤疑问代词what, who, whom, which和疑问副词where, when, why , how加上不定式在句中可以做主语，宾语、表语、状语。
⑥通过以上分析，只要仔细研究，把不定式的功能用法搞清楚，在应用时就能作出准确的判断。
1.动词不定式构成（肯定）基本形式：to+动词原形，有时不可用to，这里的to是不定式符号，本身没有词义。
例如：My mother asked me to learn English well.我妈妈让我学好英语。
2.动词不定式的构成（否定）基本形式：not+(to)+动词原形。
例如：He decided not to go home.他决定不回家。
知识点名：动词to do构成（wh-+to do）疑问代词who，what，which，疑问副词when，where，how和连词whether等后面加to do，可在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。
知识点名：动词不定式构成（复合结构）☆It's+adj.+(for sb.)+to do sth.（对于某人）做某事有某种特点，表示事件对人的影响。
这一结构的形容词多用于修饰事物的性质特征，如easy, difficult, fun, boring, interesting, relaxing, fantastic等。
动词不定式的语法总结
动词不定式的语法总结动词不定式是非谓语动词的一种形式，是英语中常见的一种语法，学生一定要做好总结，拿下这个知识点。
小编为大家力荐了动词不定式常用的语法总结，给大家作为参考，欢迎阅读!动词不定式的七种用法动词不定式的基本形式为to+动词原形.1.动词不定式做主语.谓语用第三人称单数形式.如果主语较长则用it做形式主语,将真正的主语动词不定式放到句尾.egTo see is to believe.It's a bad habit to run after dinner.2 做表语.the important things is to save lives.3 做宾语he likes to play with children.4做宾语补足语.形容词做宾补时.常用it做形式宾语.把真正的宾语放到宾补之后.he feels it happy to help others.5做定语she asked me to help her with her English.6做状语you are never too old to learn.(结果状语)7特殊疑问词+动词不定式.I am thinking about what to say.动词的不定式的用法口诀①不定式有标记，to与动词连一起。
②没有人称数变化，动词特点它具备。
③主宾定状表补语，唯独作谓不可以。
④not 加上不定式，否定结构要牢记。
⑤疑问词与不定式，构成短语有意义。
⑥仔细推敲多思考，准确判断有依据。
动词不定式专题练习1. This company was the first ____ portable radios as well as cassette tape recorders in the world.A. producingB. to produceC. having producedD. produced2. The purpose of new technology is to make life easier, ____it more difficult.A .not making B. not make C .not to make D. nor to make3. Helen had to shout ______above the sound of the music .A .making herself hear B. to make herself hearC. making herself heard D .to make herself heard4. I don’t know whether you happen_______ ,but I am going to study in the U.S.A this September.A .to be heard. B. to be bearing C .to hear D .to have heard5. The news reporters hurried to the airport, only ______the film stars had left.A .to tellB .to be toldC .tellingD .told6. You were silly not _______your car.A. to lockB. to have lockedC. lockingD. having locked7. The teacher asked us ______so much noise.A .don’t make B. not make C. not making D .not to make8. An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered _____clear warnings before firing any shots.A .to issue B. being issued C. to have issued D. to be issued9. I’d rather have a room of my own, however small it is, than_______ a room with someone else.A. to shareB. to have sharedC. shareD. sharing10. The bank is reported in the local newspaper_________ in broad daylight yesterday.A. robbedB. to have been robbedC. being robbedD. having been robbed11. A number of paintings in the castle are believed ________ina fire.A. being destroyedB. having been destroyedC. to be destroyedD. to have been destroyed12. The meeting _______ next week is sure to be a great success.A. to take placeB. to be taken placeC. to have taken placeD. being taken place13. As a result of my laziness, I failed ________ my work in time.A. and finishedB. to finishC. and finishingD. to finished14. I am sorry ______ written you a letter at the time.A. to have notB. to not haveC. not to haveD. not having15. Will you lend him a magazine _________?A. to be readB. for readingC. to readD. he read16. He could do nothing but _______for the bus _________.A. wait, to comeB. wait; comeC. waiting; comingD. waited; came17 .It is a problem that doesn't need ________ right now.A. to solveB. solvingC. being solvedD. to be solving18. There’s a man at the reception desk who seems very angry and I think he means _______ trouble.A. makingB. to makeC. to have madeD. having made19. I remember _______him _______the bike needed __________.A. hearing, saying, to repairB. to hear, say, to repairC. hearing, say, repairingD. to hear, saying, to be repaired20. --- You should have thanked her before you left.--- I meant _________, but when I was leaving I couldn’t find her anywhere.。
动词不定式的用法总结
动词不定式的用法总结动词不定式是英语中的重要语法结构，用来表示目的、目标、意图、能力、意愿等。
在句子中可以作为主语、宾语、表语、同位语等，具有广泛的用途和灵活的运用方式。
本文将从多个角度综合总结动词不定式的用法。
1. 目的与目标动词不定式常用于表示目的或目标，说明主要动作的意图或目的。
例如：- I study hard to pass the exam.（为了通过考试，我努力学习。
）- He went to the supermarket to buy some groceries.（他去超市买些杂货。
）2. 能力与能够动词不定式可以表示能力与能够的意思，说明某人具备完成某项任务或具备某种技能的能力。
例如：- She can dance ballet.（她会跳芭蕾舞。
）- They are able to solve complicated math problems.（他们能够解决复杂的数学题。
）3. 意愿与愿望动词不定式在表示意愿和愿望时非常常见，表达某个人的愿望或意图。
例如：- I want to travel around the world.（我想要环游世界。
）- She hopes to become a doctor in the future.（她希望将来成为一名医生。
）4. 建议与命令动词不定式也可以用来表示建议或命令，表明某个人想要别人采取某种行动或者完成某个任务。
例如：- He told me to go home early.（他告诉我要早点回家。
）- The teacher asked them to finish their homework before class.（老师要求他们在课前完成作业。
）5. 尽力与努力动词不定式经常用来表示尽力、努力去做某事，强调主语付出的努力。
例如：- I tried my best to solve the puzzle.（我尽力解决这个谜题。
高中英语动词不定式语法总结
高中英语动词不定式语法总结一、动词不定式的定义和特点动词不定式是英语语法中的一种重要形式，用于表示一个将要发生或尚未发生的动作。
它具有名词、形容词和副词的特征，可以作为句子中的独立成分，与句子中的其他成分保持语法和语义的连贯性。
二、动词不定式的时态和语态1. 时态：动词不定式可以有不同的时态形式，包括一般式、进行式和完成式。
例如，不定式的一般式表示一个一般性的动作；不定式的完成式表示一个已完成的动作，发生在句子谓语动词之前。
2. 语态：动词不定式可以有被动语态形式，表示一个动作由他人或某物所导致。
三、动词不定式的复合结构动词不定式可以有自己的复合结构，即“名词所有格”或“动词-ing”形式加上“to do”。
这些结构可以作主语、宾语、表语等，与句子的主语形成语法上的关系。
四、动词不定式的句法功能动词不定式可以在句中充当各种句法成分，如主语、宾语、表语、定语等。
同时，它可以与一些词类连用，如形容词、副词、介词短语等。
五、常用动词不定式短语和结构1. it + 形容词/ 名词 + 不定式结构：表示将来的计划或情况。
2. be + 形容词 + to do：表示某人愿意或想要做某事。
3.感官动词 + 不定式结构：表示一种观察或感受。
4. 疑问词 + 不定式结构：可以用于询问目的或意图。
5. 介词 + 名词/ 动名词 + to do：表示一种方式或手段。
六、动词不定式的否定形式动词不定式的否定形式是在不定式符号前加上“not”。
同时，有一些特殊的否定结构，如“hardly/ scarcely + 否定词+ to do”、“not so much to do as to do”等。
七、动词不定式的疑问形式动词不定式的疑问形式是将疑问词直接放在不定式符号前，构成一个疑问句。
常见的疑问词有who/ what/ which/ how/ when/ where等。
八、动词不定式的省略形式在某些情况下，动词不定式可以省略，特别是在一些固定短语中。
初中英语知识归纳动词的不定式和动名词
初中英语知识归纳动词的不定式和动名词动词的不定式和动名词是英语语法中的两个重要概念。
它们在句子中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分，具有多种用法和结构。
本文将系统归纳动词的不定式和动名词的基本用法，并探讨它们在句子中的常见应用。
一、不定式的基本结构不定式是动词的一种形式，包括to + 动词原形，如to eat, to sleep等。
不定式具有以下基本结构：1. 动词不定式作主语：- To learn English is important.- Swimming is my favorite sport.2. 动词不定式作宾语：- I want to visit Paris.- She loves to read books.3. 动词不定式作表语：- My dream is to become a doctor.- The most important thing is to be yourself.4. 动词不定式作定语：- I have a book to read.- We need a place to live.二、动词不定式的常见用法1. 表示目的和意图：- I study hard to pass the exam.- He exercises regularly to stay healthy.2. 接在情态动词后，表示推测、推理：- He must be asleep.- They may have left already.3. 与一些动词连用，构成特定短语或习惯搭配：- Try to do something.- Want to do something.- Need to do something.4. 与某些动词连用，构成复合宾语：- I saw him leave the room.- She heard the baby cry.三、动名词的基本结构动名词是动词的一种形式，在句中作名词用。
高中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式
高中英语知识点归纳动词的不定式动词的不定式是英语中一种非常重要的语法结构，它可以用来表达动作的目的、原因、愿望、意愿等。
在高中英语学习中，了解并正确运用动词的不定式是提高语言表达能力和写作水平的重要一环。
本文将对高中英语中的动词不定式知识点进行归纳总结。
一、不定式的基本形式与用法动词不定式的基本形式是“to + 动词原形”，例如：to go, to eat, to study。
在句子中，不定式可以充当名词、形容词或副词。
1. 不定式作主语不定式作主语时，常用于句子的开头或者后面。
例如：- To learn a foreign language is important.- It is important to learn a foreign language.2. 不定式作宾语动词不定式可以作及物动词的宾语，常跟在动词后面。
例如：- I want to go to the movies tonight.- She loves to dance.3. 不定式作表语不定式可以作表语，通常与be动词连用。
例如：- His dream is to become a doctor.4. 不定式作定语动词不定式可以修饰名词，充当名词的定语。
例如：- She has a book to read.5. 不定式作状语动词不定式可以作状语，修饰动词、形容词或副词，表达动作的目的、原因、结果等。
例如：- He went to the store to buy some groceries.（目的）- She is too young to watch that movie.（结果）二、动词不定式的时态与语态动词不定式有时态和语态的变化，主要包括一般式、进行式、完成式和被动式。
1. 一般式一般式表示动作或状态的普遍性、一般性。
例如：- I like to play basketball.2. 进行式进行式表示动作正在进行。
初中英语语法总结(动词不定式)
初中英语语法（动词不定式）1．不定式的基本形式与结构动词不定式指通常由to加上动词原形(如to write) 所构成的一种非限定性动词形式，但在有些情况下to可以省略。
动词不定式有进行体和完成体(如上to be writing，to have written)，也有被动态(如to be written)，所有的主动词，不论是及物动词还是不及物动词，也不论是动作动词还是状态动词，都有不定式形式。
助动词除be和have外，没有不定式形式。
动词不定式在语法功能上可作主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。
2．不定式的用法1)不定式结构作主语1.Te get contact with his family in Taiwan made him extremely happy since they separated morethan 40 years ago．2.To finish that task in such a short time is really a challenge．在上述情况下，如果不定式较长，显得头重脚轻，则可由代词让作形式主语(形式主语it不可由that或this等其他代词代替)，而将不定式放到后面。
如：1.It made him extremely happy to get contact with his family in Taiwan since they separated morethan 40 years ago．2.John admitted that it is always difficult for him to be on time．不定式结构所表示的动作是谁做的，即不定式的逻辑主语，通常可以通过for sb. to do sth. 结构表达：1.It is quite important for us to read good books during a general review．2.It is not difficult fot those talented students to pass the exam.在某些形容词(如careless，clever，considerate，foolish，good，impolite，kind，naughty，nice，silly，stupid等)作表语时，不定式后可以加of来引导出其逻辑主语：1.It is very kind of you to tell me the truth．2.It is stupid of him to do such a silly thing．2)不定式作宾语不定式作宾语有两种：一种是及物动词后直接跟带to的不定式，另一种是“及物动词+疑问词+带to的不定式。
动词不定式语法总结
动词不定式语法总结动词不定式是英语中的一种特殊形式，由“to + 动词原形”构成。
它在句子中可以充当名词、形容词或副词，具有多种用法和功能。
本文将对动词不定式的语法进行总结和归纳。
一、动词不定式作主语动词不定式可以作为句子的主语，常用结构为“动词不定式+ 谓语”。
例如：“To learn a foreign language is beneficial for personal development.”（学习一门外语对个人发展是有益的）。
“To travel is my dream.”（旅行是我的梦想）。
二、动词不定式作宾语1. 动词不定式作及物动词的宾语，常用结构为“动词+ 动词不定式”。
例如：“I want to learn how to play the guitar.”（我想学弹吉他）。
“She promised to help me with my homework.”（她答应帮我做作业）。
2. 动词不定式作介词的宾语，常用结构为“介词 + 动词不定式”。
例如：“I am good at playing basketball.”（我擅长打篮球）。
“He is interested in learning about different cultures.”（他对了解不同文化很感兴趣）。
三、动词不定式作表语动词不定式可以作为句子的表语，常用结构为“主语+ 系动词+动词不定式”。
例如：“Her dream is to become a doctor.”（她的梦想是成为一名医生）。
“His goal is to win the championship.”（他的目标是赢得冠军）。
四、动词不定式作定语动词不定式可以作为句子中名词的定语，常用结构为“名词+ 动词不定式”。
例如：“I have a book to read.”（我有一本书要读）。
“She has a meeting to attend.”（她有一个会议要参加）。
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Wedidn'texpecttheretobesomanypeoplethere.我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里。注意：有些动词需用as短语做补语，如regard,thinkbelieve,take,consider. WeregardTomasourbestteacher. 我们认为汤姆是我们最好的老师。 Marytookhimasherfather. 玛丽把他当作自己的父亲。
9省to的动词不定式
1）情态动词(除ought外，oughtto)：2）使役动词let,have,make：3）感官动词see,watch,lookat,notice,observe,hear,listento,smell,feel,find等后作宾补，省略to。 注意：在被动语态中则to不能省掉。 Isawhimdance. =Hewasseentodance. Thebossmadethemworkthewholenight. =Theyweremadetoworkthewholenight.4）wouldrather，hadbetter：5）Why…/whynot…：6）help可带to，也可不带to,helpsb(to)dosth：7）but和except：but前是动词do时，后面出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式。8）由and,or和than连接的两个不定式，第二个to可以省去：9）通常在discover,imagine,suppose,think,understand等词后，可以省去tobe： Heissupposed(tobe)nice. 他应该是个好人。举例： HewantstomovetoFranceandmarrythegirl.Hewantstodonothingbutgoout.比较： Hewantstodonothingbutgoout. Hewantstobelieveanythingbuttotakethemedicine.典型例题1)----Iusuallygotherebytrain. ----Whynot___byboatforachange? A.totrygoing B. tryingtogo C. totryandgo D. trygoing 答案：D.whynot后面接不带to的不定式，因此选D。2）Pauldoesn'thavetobemade___.Healwaysworkshard. A.learn B.tolearn C.learned D.learning 答案：B.make后接不带to的动词不定式，当其用于被动时，to不可省略。
Iliketokeepeverythingtidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。 Ilikeyoutokeepeverythingtidy. 我喜欢你年使每件东西都保持整洁。 IwanttospeaktoTom. 我想和汤姆谈话。 IwantyoutospeaktoTom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。3）动词+疑问词+todecide,know,considerforget,learn,remember,show,understand,see,wonder,hear,findout,explain,tell
2不定式作补语
1)动词+宾语+不定式(todo)advise allow appoint believe cause challenge command compel consider declare drive enable encourage find forbid force guess hire imagine impel induce inform instruct invite judge know like order permit persuade remind report request require select send state suppose tell think train trust understand urge warn 例句： a. Fatherwillnotallowustoplayonthestreet. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。 b. Webelievehimtobeguilty. 我们相信他是有罪的。Find的特殊用法： Find后可用分词做宾补，或先加形式宾语，再加形容词，最后加带to的动词不定式。find后也可带一个从句。此类动词还有get，have。 Ifoundhimlyingontheground. Ifounditimportanttolearn. IfoundthattolearnEnglishisimportant.典型例题: Thenextmorningshefoundtheman___inbed，dead. A.lying B.lie y ying 答案：A.find的宾语后面，用分词或分词短语，起宾语补足语作用。现在分词表达主动，也表达正在进行，过去分词表达被动。2)to+be的不定式结构，作补语的动词Acknowledge, believe, consider, think, declare(声称), discover,fancy(设想), feel find, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see(理解),show, suppose, take(以为), understand
WeconsiderTomtobeoneofthebeststudentsinourclass. 我们认为汤姆是班上最好的学生之一。典型例题 CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsidered ___thefirstcomputer. A.toinvent B.inventing C.tohaveinvented D.havinginvented 答案：A.由considertodosth.排除B、D。.此句只说明发明这一个事实，不定式后用原形即可。而C为现在完成时，发明为点动词一般不用完成时，且此处也不强调对现在的影响，因此不选C。3)tobe+形容词Seem, appear, besaid, besupposed, bebelieved, bethought, beknown, bereported, hope,wish, desire, want, plan, expect, mean…
7不定Байду номын сангаас作状语
1）目的状语 To…onlyto(仅仅为了), inorderto, soasto, so(such)…asto…(如此……以便……) Heransofastastocatchthefirstbus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。 Icomehereonlytosaygood-byetoyou. 我来仅仅是向你告别。2）作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。 WhathaveIsaidtomakeyouangry. Hesearchedtheroomonlytofindnothing.3) 表原因 I'mgladtoseeyou.典型例题 Thechairlooksratherhard,butinfactitisverycomfortableto___. A.sit B.siton C.beseat D.besaton答案：B. 如果不定式为不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。当动词与介词连用时，常位于"形容词+动词不定式"结构的末尾。
4It'sforsb.和It'sofsb.
1）forsb.常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy,hard,difficult, interesting,impossible等： It'sveryhardforhimtostudytwolanguages.对他来说学两门外语是很难的。2）ofsb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good,kind,nice,clever,foolish,right。 It'sveryniceofyoutohelpme.你来帮助我，你真是太好了。 for与of的辨别方法： 用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如： Youarenice. (通顺，所以应用of)。 Heishard. (人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。)
3不定式主语
1)It'seasy(forme)todothat.我做这事太容易了easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better; thefirst, thenext, thelast, thebest, toomuch, toolittle, notenough
It'ssonicetohearyourvoice. 听到你的声音真高兴。 It'snecessaryforyoutolockthecarwhenyoudonotuseit.当你不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。2)It'sverykindofyoutohelpus. 他帮助我们，他真好。Kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考虑周到的), silly, selfish(自私的)例句: Itwassillyofustobelievehim. 我们真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。 Itseemedselfishofhimnottogivethemanything. 他不给他们任何东西，这显得太自私了。注意：1)其他系动词如，look，appear等也可用于此句型 2)不定式作为句子成分时，动词用单数形式。 3)当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用Itis…to…的句型 (对)Toseeistobelieve. 百闻不如一见。 (错)Itistobelievetosee.