8初中八大时态,被动语态

8初中八大时态,被动

语态

-CAL-FENGHAI-(2020YEAR-YICAI)_JINGBIAN

动词时态和语态语法学案

【学习内容】

sb+be(am/is/are)+表语，sb+do/does+n(宾语)

(1)表示经常性、习惯性动作或状态：

e.g. We have meals three times a day.

He is always ready to help others.

(2)表示不受时间限制的事实或普遍真理。

e.g. The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.

(3)用在状语从句中，构成“主将从现”的句子结构。

e.g. I will let you know as soon as I hear from him.

(4)表示已安排或计划好将来必定发生的动作或存在的状态，一般用be, come,

go, arrive, leave, start等动词。

e.g. My birthday falls on May 2.

The ship leaves at 9:00 a.m

(5) 图片说明、电影说明、解说戏剧内容及场景等。

(6)由here, there, now, then开头的句子

e.g. There goes the bell.

Now comes your turn.

二、一般过去时：(动词过去式）

sb+be(was/were)+表语，sb+did(动词过去时）+n(宾语)

表示在过去时间里发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示过去的时间状语连用yesterday，last night，in 1990，two days ago，the day before yesterday，last summer，at that time

e.g. He didn’t watch TV last night.

三、一般将来时：(will(shall) do)

表示将来发生的动作或存在的状态，常与表示将来的时间状语连用tomorrow，next year，next week，in the future，the day after tomorrow。

e.g. He will be back in a few days.

注意将来时几种形式的区别:

will(shall) do, be going to do, be about to do, be doing, be to do, do/does

(1)will(shall) do 表示将来要出现的动作或状态; 表示事物的必然趋势; 表示主语的

“意愿”.will还有临时决定去做.

e.g. Tom will come back next week.

Man will die without air.

--Who will go and help that poor old man?

--Mary will . （玛莉愿意。）

(2) be going to do表示即将会…, 打算将…(人打算去做);表示根据现在的现象对未来进行推断.

e.g. He is going to speak on TV this evening.

他计划今晚到电视台讲话.

Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain.

(3) be about to do 即将…(马上要发生的动作.), 此句型不与时间状语连用.

e.g. The train is about to leave. 火车就要开了.

(4) be doing表示定于…(指接近的将来动作)

e.g. He is leaving for Hong Kong tomorrow morning.

他定于明天早晨到香港去.

(5) be to do

①表示按计划或安排要做的事情(定于…, 指预定的将来动作)

e.g. President Bush is to visit China next month.

She is to get married next month.

② 表示“应该”(指令性的动作),相当于should/must/have to

e.g. This medicine is to be taken three times a day.

You are to report to the police.

③ 表示“想, 打算”, 相当于intend, want.(能用在从句当中)

e.g. If we are to be there before ten, we’ll have to go now.

④ be to be done的被动语态

e.g. The news is to be found in the evening paper.

(6) do/does 表示按计划、安排将来要发生的动作或状态.一般表示规定好的动作或状态.

e.g. The train leaves at 8 o’clock.

The class begins at 9 o’clock.

四、过去将来时：(would do ; was/were going to do)

过去将来时表示从过去某一时间来看将要发生的动作或存在的状态，常用在宾语从句中。

e.g. No one knew he was going to come.

He said that he would go to the cinema.

五、现在进行时：（am/is/are+doing）