【备战高考】英语语法被动语态归纳总结
【英语】高考英语被动语态、强调句型要点总结
【英语】高考英语被动语态、强调句型要点总结高中英语被动语态讲解一、被动语态的构成形式1. 被动语态的基本时态变化被动语态通常为十种时态的被动形式, 被动语态由be+过去分词构成,be随时态的变化而变化。
以do为例,各种时态的被动语态形式为:1) am/is/are +done (过去分词) 一般现在时例:Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 2)has/have been done 现在完成时例:All the preparations for the task have beencompleted, and we're ready to start.3) am/is /are being done 现在进行时例:A new cinema is being built here.4) was/were done 一般过去时例:I was given ten minutes to decide whether I shouldreject the offer.5) had been done 过去完成时例:By the end of last year, another new gymnasium hadbeen completed in Beijing.6) was/were being done 过去进行时例:A meeting was being held when I was there.7) shall/will be done/ be going to be done/be about to be done/ be to be to done一般将来时例:Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factorycloses.8) should/would be done; was/ were going to be done; was/ wereabout to be done; was/ were to be to done一般将来时例:The news would be sent to the soldier's mother assoon as it arrived.9) shall/will have been done 将来完成时(少用)例:The project will have been completed before July.10) should/would have been done 过去将来完成时(少用)例:He told me that his new clothes would have beenmade very soon.2. 被动语态的特殊结构形式1)带情态动词的被动结构。
高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法总结
高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的构成和用法总结高中英语知识点归纳:被动语态的构成和用法总结被动语态是英语语法中的一种语态形式,用来表示动作的承受者与执行者的关系。
在被动语态中,句子的主语是动作的承受者,而动作的执行者通常被省略或放在介词“by”后。
在本篇文章中,我们将对高中英语中被动语态的构成和用法进行归纳总结。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成通常有以下几个要素:主语 + be动词 + 过去分词。
1. 主语(Subject):被动语态的主语是动作的承受者,通常是句子中的宾语。
2. be动词(Auxiliary verb):be动词根据句子的时态、人称和数进行变化,代表不同的情况,包括am/is/are(was/were)。
3. 过去分词(Past participle):过去分词是动词的一种非谓语形式,通常表示动作的完成或被动。
下面是一些例子,展示了被动语态在不同时态和人称中的构成形式:时态 | 构成形式-----------------一般现在时 | am/is/are + 过去分词一般过去时 | was/were + 过去分词一般将来时 | will be + 过去分词现在进行时 | am/is/are + being + 过去分词过去进行时 | was/were + being + 过去分词现在完成时 | have/has been + 过去分词过去完成时 | had been + 过去分词二、被动语态的用法被动语态在英语中有着广泛的应用。
以下是几种常见的使用情况:1. 强调动作的承受者:被动语态可以突出句子中动作的承受者,使其成为句子的主要焦点。
例如:- The house was destroyed by the earthquake.(房子被地震摧毁了。
) - The book was written by a famous author.(这本书是由一位著名作家写的。
)2. 描述客观事实:当注重描述客观事实时,被动语态可以更加准确地传达信息。
英语语法被动语态考点总结
英语语法被动语态考点总结标题:英语语法被动语态考点总结一、被动语态的基本概念在英语语法中,被动语态(Passive Voice)是一种动词形式,用于表达主语是动作的承受者而非执行者。
其基本结构为“be + 过去分词”。
例如:“The book is read by Mary.”(这本书被玛丽阅读。
)二、被动语态的构成方式1. 一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are + 过去分词。
例句:The cake is made by my sister every day.2. 一般过去时的被动语态:was/were + 过去分词。
例句:The house was built in 1980.3. 现在完成时的被动语态:have/has been + 过去分词。
例句:The project has been completed successfully.4. 一般将来时的被动语态:will be + 过去分词。
例句:The meeting will be chaired by the manager tomorrow.5. 过去进行时的被动语态:was/were being + 过去分词。
例句:At that time,a new building was being constructed on the campus.6. 现在完成进行时的被动语态:have/has been being + 过去分词。
例句:For the past two hours, the experiment has been being conducted by the researchers.三、被动语态的应用场景1. 不知道或无需提及动作的执行者时。
2. 强调动作的承受者或者结果时。
3. 在科技论文、新闻报道、官方文件等正式文体中常使用被动语态以保持客观公正。
四、被动语态的转换与注意事项主动语态可以转换为被动语态,反之亦然。
高中英语知识点归纳被动语态
高中英语知识点归纳被动语态被动语态是英语语法中的一个重要知识点。
在使用被动语态时,主语是承受者,而动作的执行者则成为谓语的一部分。
这一语法结构在表达特定情况和强调动作承受者时非常有用。
本文将对高中英语中常见的被动语态知识点进行归纳总结。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态由助动词“be”(is, am, are, was, were, been)和动词的过去分词构成。
动词的过去分词可根据动词的不同形态进行变化,常见的变化规则包括加“-ed”、改变拼写或使用不规则变化。
二、被动语态的用法1. 描述普遍情况或客观事实:Inventions are made every day.2. 强调动作承受者:The cake was eaten by the children.3. 避免指责或强调行为:Mistakes were made, and lessons were learned.4. 表示不明或未指定的主语:Money was stolen from the bank.三、被动语态的时态被动语态根据需要使用不同的时态。
下面是常见的被动语态时态使用示例:1. 现在时态:The car is washed by my brother every week.2. 过去时态:The letter was sent yesterday.3. 将来时态:The contract will be signed next week.4. 现在进行时态:The house is being built by a group of workers.5. 现在完成时态:The book has been read by many people.四、被动语态与不定式、情态动词的使用1. 被动语态与不定式:The house needs to be repaired.2. 被动语态与情态动词:The project should be completed by tomorrow.五、被动语态的特殊情况1. 特殊疑问句:Where was the bag found?2. 感叹句:How beautifully the song was sung by the singer!3. 含有两个宾语的句子:We were given a gift by our friends.六、被动语态中的常见错误1. 错误的主语:The book is written by Shakespeare.(改为“The book was written by Shakespeare.”)2. 错误的时态:The photos were taken by me last weekend.(改为“The photos have been taken by me.”)通过对高中英语被动语态知识点的归纳总结,我们可以更好地理解和应用被动语态。
备战高考英语考点14动词的被动语态(含解析)(2021年整理)
高考频度:★★★★★
【命题解读】
动词的语态是历年高考的重点,也是高考的必考点.高考主要以语法填空、短文改错等形
式对被动语态这一考点进行考查,动词的语态在语法填空和短文改错中是必考点。
【命题预测】
预计 2019 年高考语态仍将是高考考查的重点和难点所在,考查形式仍以语法填空和短文
为被动态时,只需将其后的动词变为被动态. 如:
Trees should not be planted in summer。
夏天不应该种树.
The boy was made fun of by his classmates.
这个男孩被他的同学取
笑。
Newspapers used to be sent here by the little girl. 报纸过去常被小女
注释:①"be 有人称、时、数变"即 be 有人称、时态和单、复数的变化。 ②"情助"是指情态动词和助动词 must,may,can,shall,will 等一
律随新主语(多是主动句中的宾语)来变化。 ③"疑问一助置主前"是说有两个助动词的话,应把主语放在第一助动
词之后或把第一助动词置于主语之前.
题组一 基础过关
are done
done
be done
done
进行
is / are done
am / being
was / were being done
完成
have / has had been done done
will / shall
been
would / should have
have been
been done
用被动语态的形式完成下列句子
高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的用法及常见情况
高中英语知识点归纳被动语态的用法及常见情况高中英语知识点归纳:被动语态的用法及常见情况被动语态是英语语法中的一种重要形式,它在句子中的作用是强调动作的接受者或者暗示动作的发出者。
被动语态的结构由“be”动词的不同形式加上及物动词的过去分词构成。
本文将归纳总结高中英语中被动语态的用法及常见情况,旨在帮助学生掌握被动语态的正确使用。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成主要由以下三个要素组成:1. 助动词:be动词的各种形式(am, is, are, was, were, been);2. 主语:表示动作的承受者;3. 过去分词:动词的过去分词形式。
例如,下面是被动语态的几个例子:1. The cake was eaten by Peter.(蛋糕被彼得吃了)2. The letter is being written by Mary.(信件正在被玛丽写)3. The car has been repaired by the mechanic.(汽车已被机修工修好)二、被动语态的使用情况被动语态在实际应用中有多种使用情况,下面将对其中常见的几个情况进行详细归纳。
1. 表示无生命的主动词没有被执行者当动作的执行者无需指明时,可以使用被动语态。
例如:The window was broken.(窗户被打破了)The money was stolen.(钱被偷了)The book is written in English.(这本书是用英语写的)2. 表示强调动作承受者被动语态可以用来强调动作的接受者,使其成为句子的焦点。
例如:The cake was eaten by Peter.(蛋糕被彼得吃了)The letter was read by everyone.(信件被每个人都读了)3. 表示善意或委婉的表达被动语态可用于委婉表达,避免直接指责或责备别人。
例如:Mistakes were made.(有错误发生了)Machines are being used to replace human labor.(机器正在被使用来替代人力劳动)4. 某些固定句型中的被动语态被动语态在某些固定句型中的应用较为常见,例如:It is said that...(据说...)It is believed that...(人们相信...)It is known that...(众所周知...)三、被动语态的时态与语态转换被动语态的时态同主动语态一样,可根据具体情况来确定。
高中英语知识点归纳动词的被动语态
高中英语知识点归纳动词的被动语态动词的被动语态是英语中一种常见的语法结构,在高中英语学习中占据重要的位置。
掌握被动语态的使用方法和相关知识点,对于正确理解和运用英语语法是非常关键的。
本文将对高中英语中动词的被动语态进行归纳总结,帮助学生更好地掌握和运用这一语法结构。
I. 被动语态的基本形式被动语态由"be"动词的不同时态形式加上动词的过去分词构成。
其中,被动语态的时态与主动语态保持一致,只是谓语动词的形式发生了变化。
例如:1. 一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are + 过去分词(例句:The book is read by Tom. 这本书被汤姆读了。
)2. 一般过去时的被动语态:was/were + 过去分词(例句:The letter was written by John. 这封信是约翰写的。
)3. 一般将来时的被动语态:will be + 过去分词(例句:The cake will be eaten by the children. 蛋糕将会被孩子们吃掉。
)除了基本形式外,被动语态还可以与情态动词连用,形成不同时态的情态被动语态。
例如:1. 情态动词can的被动语态:can be + 过去分词(例句:The problem can be solved by the teacher. 这个问题可以被老师解决。
)2. 情态动词should的被动语态:should be + 过去分词(例句:The car should be repaired by a professional mechanic. 这辆车应该由专业的机械师修理。
)II. 被动语态的用法1. 当我们不知道或不关心动作的执行者时,可以使用被动语态。
例如:(例句:The vase was broken. 这个花瓶被打破了。
)2. 当动作的承受者比执行者更重要或更值得强调时,可以使用被动语态。
例如:(例句:The cake was made by my grandmother.这个蛋糕是我奶奶做的。
动词的被动语态-备战新高考英语复习语法知识点全面梳理(全国通用)
4. 被动语态的用法
1. 不知道动作的执行者是谁,或者动作的执行者是谁并不重要时,常用被动语态。 ① My bike was stolen last night. ② The road was repaired.
2. 突出或强调动作的承受者。 ①The room was cleaned. ② The criminal was arrested.
2. 不同时态的被动语态
1
1.一般现在时:am/is/are 1. 一般现在时:am/is/are
+过去分词 +过去分词
Football is played in most countries in the world.
2. 一般过去时:was/were+过去分词 The fish was caught by Mr. Green.
6. 过去进行时:was/were being +过去分词 This road was being built this time last year.
【备战高考】被动语态分类详解
【备战高考】被动语态分类详解一、单项选择被动语态1.More than one worker ______ dismissed.A. have been B. areC. has been D. has【答案】 C【分析】【详解】考察主谓一致和语态。
句意:不只一个工人被辞退了。
假如主语由"many a,more than one+单数名词 " 组成,只管从意义上看是复数,但谓语动词仍用单数形式,故清除 A 和 B,“工人”和“辞退”之间是被动关系,用被动语态,应选C。
2.—Are we about to having dinner?—Yes, it ________ in the dining room.A. serve B. is servingC. is being served D. has been serving【答案】 C【分析】考察时态和语态。
句意:——我们准备去吃饭吗?——是的,饭菜正在餐厅被供应。
it 是指饭菜,和动作serve 之间是被动关系,且动作正在进行,四个选项中只有 C 项是此刻进行时的被动语态,应选C。
3.The affairs of each country should be by its own people.A. elected B. settledC. developed D.contained【答案】 Bsettle ,【分析】考察动词。
句意为:各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。
由句意可知,选意为“解决”。
elect 选举; develop 发展; contain 包含,控制。
应选B。
4.—The window is dirty.—I know. It ________ for weeks.A. hasn ’ t cleaned B.didn’ t cleanC. wasn’ t cleaned D. hasn ’ t been cleaned【答案】D【分析】【详解】此题考察时态和语态。
【备战高考】英语语法被动语态归纳总结
【备战高考】英语语法被动语态归纳总结一、单项选择被动语态1.An exhibition with 885 cultural relics to be displayed ________ at the Meridian Gate Gallery. A.was held B.would hold C.has hold D.will be held【答案】D【解析】【分析】考查时态语态。
【详解】句意:午门画廊将展出885件文物。
上文中的to be displayed表将来,故本句为一般将来时。
且主语An exhibition与谓语动词hold构成被动关系,故用will be held。
故选D。
2.—Have you heard about that school bus accident?—Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver ________.A.were saved B.was savedC.have saved D.has been saved【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态和语态。
句意为:——你有没有听说那起校车事故?——嗯,幸运的是,车上所有的人包括司机都获救了。
由题干中的Have you heard...可知,事故发生在过去,且all 为主语,和save逻辑上构成被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,故答案A符合语境。
3.(桂林部分学校高三质量检测)The wet weather will continue tomorrow,when a coldfront________to arrive.A.will be expected B.is expectingC.expects D.is expected【答案】D【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。
句意为:预计将有一股冷锋到来,因此潮湿的天气明天将会继续。
a cold front与expect之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,expect是发生在现在的动作,要用一般现在时,故选D项。
英语语法被动语态知识点梳理
英语语法被动语态知识点梳理在英语语法中,被动语态是一个重要且常用的语法点。
理解和掌握被动语态对于准确、流畅地表达意思以及提高英语语言能力都有着至关重要的作用。
下面咱们就来详细梳理一下被动语态的相关知识。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态的基本构成是“be +过去分词”。
其中,“be”动词要根据不同的时态和主语进行变化,过去分词则保持不变。
比如,一般现在时的被动语态是“am/is/are +过去分词”,一般过去时是“was/were +过去分词”,现在进行时是“am/is/are + being +过去分词”,过去进行时是“was/were + being +过去分词”,现在完成时是“have/has + been +过去分词”,过去完成时是“had + been +过去分词”等等。
举几个例子帮助大家理解:“ The book is written by him ”(一般现在时的被动语态)“ The tree was cut down yesterday ”(一般过去时的被动语态)“ The problem is being discussed now ”(现在进行时的被动语态)“ The work had been finished before he came ”(过去完成时的被动语态)二、被动语态的使用场景1、不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者当我们关注的是动作本身而不是执行者时,就会使用被动语态。
例如:“The window was broken ”(不知道是谁打破了窗户)2、强调动作的承受者为了突出动作的承受者,会使用被动语态。
比如:“This song is loved by many people ”(强调很多人喜欢这首歌,而不是强调谁让很多人喜欢这首歌)3、出于礼貌或委婉在某些情况下,使用被动语态可以使表达更委婉、更礼貌。
比如:“It is suggested that you should come earlier ”(用被动语态比直接说“ We suggest that you should come earlier ”更委婉)三、主动语态变被动语态的方法1、把主动语态中的宾语变成被动语态的主语。
高考英语知识点解析被动语态的构成与用法
高考英语知识点解析被动语态的构成与用法高考英语知识点解析:被动语态的构成与用法在高考英语中,被动语态是一个重要的语法知识点,掌握其构成与用法对于我们正确理解和运用英语语言至关重要。
下面就让我们一起来详细了解一下被动语态。
一、被动语态的构成被动语态的构成通常由“be 动词+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
其中,be 动词的形式根据时态的不同而变化,过去分词则保持不变。
1、一般现在时的被动语态:am/is/are +过去分词例如:The book is read by many people(这本书被很多人读。
)2、一般过去时的被动语态:was/were +过去分词例如:The house was built last year(这座房子是去年建的。
)3、一般将来时的被动语态:will be +过去分词或 be going to be +过去分词例如:The meeting will be held tomorrow (会议将在明天举行。
)The sports meeting is going to be held next week (运动会将在下周举行。
)4、现在进行时的被动语态:am/is/are + being +过去分词例如:The problem is being discussed now (这个问题正在被讨论。
)5、过去进行时的被动语态:was/were + being +过去分词例如:The bridge was being repaired at that time (那时桥正在被修。
)6、现在完成时的被动语态:have/has been +过去分词例如:The work has been finished (工作已经完成了。
)7、过去完成时的被动语态:had been +过去分词例如:The task had been completed before I arrived (在我到达之前任务已经完成了。
【备战高考】被动语态考点易错点的总结
【备战高考】被动语态考点易错点的总结一、单项选择被动语态1.Louis Cha (金庸) passed away. As for his achievement, there is such a comment, “He ______ the Nobel Prize for Literature with his written works translated into English.”A.could have been rewarded B.must have been rewardedC.should be rewarded D.need have been rewarded【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done用法。
句意:金庸去世了,至于他的成就,有这样的评论:他本能获得诺贝尔文学奖用他的被翻译成了英语的著作。
A. could have been rewarded本可以被授予;B. must have been rewarded一定被授予;C. should be rewarded应该被授予;D. need have been rewarded本必要被授予。
根据语境,A选项正确。
【点睛】could have done可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句。
用于肯定句既可以表示过去能够做而实际未做,有惋惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意,通常译为“本来可以”“本来能”,也可以表示对过去动作的推测,常可译为“可能(已经)”。
本句表达金庸本能获得诺贝尔文学奖,但却没有获得的惋惜。
故A选项正确。
2.It is the third time so far that such a festival ________ in my hometown.A.is held B.has been heldC.will be held D.had been held【答案】B【解析】试题分析:考查句式用法。
This is the first (second, third…) time +that从句,这是第一(二,三…)次…。
考点09 被动语态(核心考点精讲精练)-备战2025年高考英语一轮复习考点帮
考点09被动语态(核心考点精讲精练)1. 高考真题考点分布考点题型谓语动词时态、被动语态、主谓一致语法填空年份试卷类型考点考向20242024·新课标I卷____60_walks___ (walk) 一般现在时与主谓一致2024·新课标II卷___38_were_(be);___41_be built__ (build)一般过去时与主谓一致;被动语态2024·全国乙卷__44_were__ (be)一般过去时与主谓一致2024·全国甲卷2024·年浙江1月__42_have started___(start)现在完成时与主谓一致20232023·新课标I卷/2023·新课标II卷I ___65_ wished__ (wish)一般过去时2023·全国乙卷was amazed;means;一般过去时与主谓一致,一般现在时与主谓一致2023·全国甲卷/2023·年北京卷11.would throw13. had arrivedhas established一般将来时;过去完成时;现在完成时与主谓一致2023·年浙江1月featured一般过去时20222022·新课标I卷were;is designed一般过去时与主谓一致;一般现在时被动语态与主谓一致2022·新课标II卷42.was fixing43. threw过去进行时与主谓一致;一般过去时2022·全国乙卷addressed一般过去时2022·全国甲卷has walked现在完成时与主谓一致2022·年北京卷caught;has;has increased一般过去时;一般现在时与主谓一致;现在完成时与主谓一致2022·年浙江1月is viewed或has beenviewedare;have promised一般现在时被动语态与主谓一致;主谓一致;现在完成时被动语态与主谓一致2. 命题规律及备考策略【命题规律】近3年新高考卷对于被动语态的考查共计3次,主要考查:1.一般现在时的被动语态;2.一般过去时的被动语态;3. 现在完成时的被动语态。
【备战高考】英语语法被动语态归纳总结
【备战高考】英语语法被动语态概括总结一、单项选择被动语态1.This is one of the highest buildings that _____ in our city recently.A. has been built B. buildC. have been built D .have built【答案】 C【分析】【详解】观察此刻达成时态的被动语态。
句意:这是近来我们城市建设的众多最高的建筑中的一座。
此处the highest buildings 是先行词,指物,复数形式,且和build 之间是被动关系,再依据 recently 所以句子用此刻达成时态的被动语态,应选C。
2.Our teacher keeps telling us that the future to the well-educated.A. belonging B. belongs C. is belonging 【答案】 B【分析】观察短语: belong to 属于,没有进行时态没有被动语态。
故答案选D. is belonged B。
3.The two nurses ________ 100 , 000 yuan by the police but donated it to victims of the explosion.A.rewarded B.would be rewardedC. have been rewarded D. had been rewarded【答案】 D【分析】试题剖析:句意:这两位护士被警方奖励100, 000 元,可是她们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者。
依据“but donated it to victims of the explosion.,可知“她”们把钱捐给了爆炸事故的受害者”已经是发生在过去的事情,而“两位护士被警方奖励100,000 元”是发生在过去的过去,故用过去达成时,且“两位护士”和“奖励”是被动关系,故用被动语态,选D。
高三高考英语语法复习知识点总结五篇
高三高考英语语法复习知识点总结五篇文章:高三高考英语语法复习知识点总结为了帮助广大考生复习高考英语语法,本文将根据常见的知识点总结五篇文章,分别对语态、时态、从句、虚拟语气和非谓语动词进行梳理和解析。
一、语态语态是英语中的一大难点,主要是因为中文中没有严格的语态区分,所以需要我们借助一些例子来记忆。
1. 被动语态被动语态用法较为简单,主要就是要记住要将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语,同时使用不同的助动词和时态形式。
例如:Active: They build a new hospital here every year.Passive: A new hospital is built here every year.Active: She eats a banana every morning.Passive: A banana is eaten by her every morning.2. 主动语态主动语态用法就是正常的语态,也是比较简单的。
一般来说,我们常常使用主动语态,尤其是在描述我们自己或别人正在进行的动作。
Active: He writes a letter to his friend.Passive: A letter is written to his friend by him.Active: She plays the piano every afternoon.Passive: The piano is played every afternoon by her.3. 非定语动词非定语动词指的是在句子中作为谓语动词的动词,也就是我们最常见的动词形式。
在语态中,非定语动词主要是用来表示一些情感、感叹或存在状态等。
Active: She loves him deeply.Passive: He is loved deeply by her.Active: They usually send the report to the boss.Passive: The report is usually sent to the boss by them.二、时态时态也是英语语法中的一大难点,考生需要掌握现在时、过去时、将来时和完成时等几个常见时态。
高考语法被动语态
高考语法被动语态高考英语语法被动语态被动语态在英语中是一个重要的语法结构,也是高考中常考的一部分。
掌握被动语态的用法和构成规则对于提高写作和阅读理解的能力非常重要。
本文将为大家详细介绍高考英语语法被动语态的相关知识点,帮助大家更好地应对高考。
一、被动语态的构成规则被动语态由不及物动词和及物动词的宾语加上be动词的各种时态构成。
be动词的时态根据主语的时态来决定。
被动语态的构成公式为:be(各种时态)+过去分词。
1. 现在时态:am/is/are(被动语态) + 过去分词例如:The letter is written by Mary.(这封信是玛丽写的)2. 过去时态:was/were(被动语态) + 过去分词例如:The car was repaired by the mechanic.(这辆车是机修工修的)3. 现在完成时态:have/has(被动语态) + been + 过去分词例如:The book has been read by many people.(这本书已经被很多人读过了)4. 过去完成时态:had(被动语态) + been + 过去分词例如:The work had been finished when he arrived.(他到达时工作已经完成了)5. 将来时态:will be(被动语态) + 过去分词例如:The report will be presented tomorrow.(这份报告将于明天呈现)二、被动语态的用法被动语态主要用于以下几个方面:1. 强调行为的承受者例如:The concert was attended by thousands of people.(成千上万人参加了这场音乐会)2. 不知道或不提及行为的执行者例如:The bike was stolen last night.(这辆自行车昨晚被偷了)3. 对行为的执行者表示无关或不重要例如:The window was broken by accident.(窗户不小心被打破了)4. 当使用主动语态时没有行为的执行者例如:English is spoken all over the world.(英语在全世界使用)(注意:这个句法中没有明确的执行者,因为人们世界各地都在使用英语)三、被动语态的注意事项在使用被动语态时,我们需要注意以下几个问题:1. be动词的时态根据主语的情况来确定例如:The book is being read by students.(这本书正在被学生们读)2. 不及物动词无被动语态,无法构成被动语态的动词需要转换为及物动词或使用其他表达方式。
高考英语语法冲刺专题10 动词被动语态
专题10 动词的被动语态2023年高考英语冲刺复习考点通关大全【考点详解】【命题解读】通过研究历年高考真题可以看出,谓语动词的被动语态是高考中的高频考点。
对于谓语动词被动语态的考查在高考中主要体现在语法填空和短文改错中。
语法填空中对动词的考查以有提示词形式呈现,短文改错中考查动词的误用或多/少词。
【命题预测】预计2023年高考对谓语动词被动语态的考查仍旧是热门命题。
以语法填空、短文改错兼顾完形填空的语篇辨析。
【复习建议】1.掌握谓语动词被动语态的基本用法2.掌握被动语态的构成在各种时态中的规律考点一(被动语态的构成方式)构成:be+过去分词be+过去分词,口语中也用“get/become+过去分词”表示。
被动语态的基本用法:不知道或没必要提到动作的执行者是谁时用被动语态;强调或突出动作的承受者常用被动语态(by短语有时可以省略)。
1.使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题(1)同时对被动语态和时态的考查。
【典例剖析】(2021高考全国乙卷)It _____ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored(修复).【答案】was built【解析】考查动词的时态和语态以及主谓一致。
根据originally和the Tang dynasty可知,build这一动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时;主语为it,谓语动词应用单数形式。
故填was built。
【典例剖析】(2020高考全国卷III)The artist was sure he would _____(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old man laughed.【答案】be chosen【解析】考查被动语态。
【备战高考】被动语态的归纳
【备战高考】被动语态的归纳一、单项选择被动语态1.––Are the repairs finished yet?––Yes, they ______ when I came back home.A.would be completed B.would completeC.had completed D.had been completed【答案】D【解析】考查被动语态。
上句:修理被完成了吗?下句:是的,当我回到家的时候它们已经被完成。
根据句意可知句子用过去完成时态的被动语态,故选D。
2.(江苏四校第四次考试)The flood has caused a lot of damage to that area and the figures of the missing________shortly.A.will be published B.have been publishedC.had been published D.are published【答案】A【解析】考查时态。
shortly不久,不多时,在句中作时间状语,表示将来,所以空处应该用将来时。
句意为:这场洪水给那一地区造成了很大损失,失踪人数很快就会公布。
答案:A3.(桂林部分学校高三质量检测)The wet weather will continue tomorrow,when a cold front________to arrive.A.will be expected B.is expectingC.expects D.is expected【答案】D【解析】考查动词的时态和语态。
句意为:预计将有一股冷锋到来,因此潮湿的天气明天将会继续。
a cold front与expect之间是逻辑上的动宾关系,expect是发生在现在的动作,要用一般现在时,故选D项。
答案:D4.At the awarding ceremony held in Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what ______ in science and technology.A.has discovered B.has been discoveredC.had discovered D.had been discovered【答案】D【解析】句意:在东京举行的颁奖仪式上,科学家们惊讶于科学技术的发现。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
【备战高考】英语语法被动语态归纳总结一、单项选择被动语态1.8 students and 2 teachers at Santa Fe High School by a 17-year-student armed with a shotgun and a pistol. This is one of the many gun-related tragedies that have happened in the last 2 years.A.killed B.were killedC.have killed D.have been killed【答案】B【解析】考查被动语态。
句意:在圣塔菲高中,一名17岁的学生手持猎枪和一把手枪,在圣塔菲高中杀害了8名学生和2名教师。
8 students and 2 teachers是句子主语,复数形式,和kill之间是被动关系,再根据in the last 2 years.可知这是最近两年发生的与枪有关的事故之一,可知这是在讲过去的事情,所以句子用一般过去时态的被动语态,故答案为B。
2.—Have you heard about that school bus accident?—Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver ________.A.were saved B.was savedC.have saved D.has been saved【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态和语态。
句意为:——你有没有听说那起校车事故?——嗯,幸运的是,车上所有的人包括司机都获救了。
由题干中的Have you heard...可知,事故发生在过去,且all 为主语,和save逻辑上构成被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,故答案A符合语境。
3.—Are we about to having dinner?—Yes, it ________ in the dining room.A.serve B.is servingC.is being served D.has been serving【答案】C【解析】考查时态和语态。
句意:——我们准备去吃饭吗?——是的,饭菜正在餐厅被供应。
it是指饭菜,和动作serve之间是被动关系,且动作正在进行,四个选项中只有C项是现在进行时的被动语态,故选C。
4.一When shall we start the restoration of the historic buildings?一Not until our plan________ by the committee.A.will be approved B.approvesC.is to approve D.has been approved【答案】D【解析】这题考查时态语态,our plan和approve是被动关系,用被动,选择A或D。
A项是一般将来时,not until引导的是时间状语从句,不能用将来时,可以用一般现在时或现在完成时,选D。
5.The affairs of each country should be by its own people.A.elected B.settledC.developed D.contained【答案】B【解析】考查动词。
句意为:各国事务应由自己国家的人们解决。
由句意可知,选settle,意为“解决”。
elect选举;develop 发展;contain 包含,控制。
故选B。
6.—The manager has come back from his business trip. He is asking you for the report.— Oh,my god ! I haven’t finished it yet. But he ________ back at the company tomorrow. A.was expected B.will expectC.expected D.will be expected【答案】A【解析】试题分析:考查时态和语态。
句意:——经理出差回来了。
他正在问你要报告。
——哦,天哪,我还没完成呢。
但是本来预计他明天回公司。
根据语境,是过去预料他明天会回来,而且经理是被预计,故用一般过去时的被动。
故选A。
【名师点睛】时态的考查要根据本句的句意,这句话一定要根据上下文判断动作发生的时间,要细心体会语境。
还要注意时态语态。
考点:考查时态和语态7.The new library ________; it will be open next year.A.had been built B.was builtC.was being built D.is being built【答案】D【解析】考查时态和语态。
句意:图书馆正在建设中;明年开放。
根据后面一句可推知,图书馆是正在建设中,所以要用进行时,图书馆是被建的,要用被动。
所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。
故选D。
8.The singer’s music video nearly 9 million times since it was posted on the Internet four weeks ago.A.viewed B.has viewedC.was viewed D.has been viewed【答案】D【解析】试题分析:考查动词时态与语态辨析。
A. viewed,一般过去式;B. was viewed过去式的被动语态;C. has viewed,现在完成式;D. has been viewed,现在完成式的被动语态。
句意:自从四个星期前这位歌手的音乐视频被放在互联网上,这个视频的访问量达到了将近9百万次。
since从句用一般过去时,主句用现在完成时has done形式,又因music video是被访问的,故要用被动语态。
故选D。
考点:考查动词时态与语态辨析。
9.Later Mrs Smith decided to buy that kind of cloth because she_________ that the cloth_________very well.A.has been told; washes B.had been told; washedC.was told; was washed D.had been told; was washed【答案】B【解析】考查时态与感官动词。
主句时态为过去时,而从句时态发生在主句之前,即过去的过去,故用过去完成时。
像feel, smell, look, wash等表示感官的动词不用被动语态,直接用主动语态,结合前面时态可知,应选washed。
句意: 随后史密斯夫人决定买那种布,因为有人告诉她那种布很好洗。
故选B。
10.If we had taken such effective measures much earlier, the river so seriously now. A.is not polluted B.would not be pollutedC.had not been polluted D.would not have been polluted【答案】B【解析】选B句意:如果我们早采取有力措施,现在河水就不会污染这么严重。
主句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟语气,用would加动词原形。
11.With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth ________ each year. A.is washing away B.is being washed awayC.are washing away D.are being washed away【答案】D【解析】【详解】本题考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。
解题步骤:1. 确定谓语单复数:根据quantity的用法,quantities of和a quantity of后面都可加不可数名词与可数名词复数,但它们作主语时,quantities of...后面的谓语动词用复数,而a quantity of...的谓语动词用单数,故排除A、D项。
2. 确定第二空:随着森林的被毁,土壤正在被冲走,故应该用现在进行时的被动语态。
句意:随着森林的被毁,大量的优质土壤每年都被冲走。
综上,故选D项。
【名师点拨】quantities of和a quantity of后面加可数名词复数,做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式;quantities of后面加不可数名词,做主语时后面的谓语动词用复数形式;a quantity of后面加不可数名词,做主语时后面的谓语动词用单数形式。
rge quantities of money have been sent there大量的钱已经被送到那里;A large quantity of money has been wasted.大量的钱已经被浪费;2.A large quantity of books have been offered to us.大量的书已经提供给我们; Quantities of nuts are on the table.大量的坚果在桌子上。
12.Quantities of soil ________ in the area, resulting in the increasing number of natural disasters.A.is washed away B.have washed awayC.have washed away D.have been washed away【答案】D【解析】考查时态和语态。
句意:在这个地区大量的土壤被冲走了,结果导致自然灾害数量增加。
句中soil和wash away是被动关系,此处指土壤已经被冲走并对现在造成影响,故要用现在完成时,要用现在完成时的被动语态,故选D。
13.107.The farmer said the PLA men came to rescue timely when they _____in the snowstorm.A.were trapping B.were being trappedC.are trapping D.are being trapped【答案】B【解析】考查过去进行时的被动语态。
句意:这位农民说他们在暴风雪中被困时,解放军战士及时赶来营救。
根据题干中的said判断从句中需要与过去相关的时态;根据短语“be trapped in”排除A和C;句中表示“被暴风雪困住的时候”,故用过去进行时的被动语态,故选B。