总结最好 最全的医学解剖英文单词词汇
医科专业英语词汇
医科专业英语1. anatomy解剖学2. physiology生理学3. epithelial tissue上皮组织4. connective tissue结缔组织5. muscular tissue肌肉组织6. nervous tissue神经组织7. the integumentary system体被系统8. the skeletal system骨骼系统9. the muscular system肌肉系统10. the lymphatic system淋巴系统11. the respiratory system呼吸系统12. the digestive system消化系统13. the nervous system神经系统14. the endocrine system内分泌系统15. the cardiovascular system心血管系统16. the urinary system泌尿系统17. the reproductive system生殖系统18. the cranial cavity颅腔19. the spinal cavity脊髓腔20. the thoracic cavity胸腔21. the abdominopelvic cavity盆腹腔22. homeostasis内环境稳定23. metabolism新陈代谢1.morphology 形态学, 生态学2.etiology 病因学, 病原学3.pathogenesis 发病学, 发病机理4.intrauterine 子宫内的5.endoscopy 内窥镜检查6.biopsy 活组织检查7.pathogen病菌; 病原体8.inflammatory diseases炎性疾病9.degenerative diseases变性性疾病, 退行性疾病10.metabolic diseases代谢性疾病11.congenital and hereditary diseases先天性和遗传性疾病12.neoplastic diseases肿瘤性疾病13.prognosis预后14.clinical history临床史15.specific treatment特异疗法, 特效(药)疗法16.symptomatic treatment症状疗法, 对症治疗17.chromosome染色体18.noninvasive procedures无创检查19.recessive gene隐性基因20.dominant gene显性基因anic disease器质性疾病22.electrocardiogram 心电图1.carbohydrate 碳水化合物2.esophagus 食管3.duodenum十二指肠4.pepsin 胃蛋白酶5.peristalsis蠕动6.cardiac / pyloric sphincter贲门/幽门括约肌7.gastrointestinal track胃肠道8.hydrochloric acid盐酸9.amino acid氨基酸10.glycerol甘油; 丙三醇11.gallbladder胆囊12.ileocecal valve回盲瓣13.salivary glands 涎腺,唾液腺14.hard/soft palate硬/软腭15.epiglottis 会厌mon bile duct 胆总管17.rectum直肠18.villus绒毛19.digestive enzyme消化酶20.taste bud味蕾21.appendix 阑尾22.ascending /descending colon 升/降结肠23.sigmoid colon 乙状结肠24.bowel movement 大便25.chyme 食糜1.respiratory tract呼吸道2.pharynx咽3.trachea气管4.bronchiole细支气管5.epithelial cell上皮细胞6.macrophage巨噬细胞7.oxygen氧气8.carbon dioxide二氧化碳9.mucous membrane粘膜10. nasal passage鼻道11. allergy变态反应(症), 过敏症12. swallowing reflex吞咽反射13. lymphatic tissue淋巴组织14. ciliated cell纤毛细胞15. inhalation吸入,吸气16. exhalation呼出，呼气17. nostril鼻孔18. cartilage软骨19. larynx喉20. alveolus肺泡21. tonsil 扁桃体22. irreversible damage 不可逆性损伤1. cardiovascular system心血管系统2. circulatory system循环系统3. plasma血浆4. erythrocyte红细胞5. leukocyte白细胞6. platelet count血小板计数7. megakaryocyte巨核细胞8. hematocrit血细胞比容9. hemoglobin血红蛋白10. diffuse扩散，弥漫11. granulocyte粒细胞12. osmotic pressure渗透压13. phagocytosis吞噬作用14. interferon干扰素15. systemic circulation体循环16. pulmonary circulation肺循环17. deoxygenated blood去氧血18. tricuspid valve三尖瓣19. pulmonic valve肺动脉瓣20. aortic valve主动脉瓣21. tachycardia心动过速22. bradycardia心动过缓23. systole心缩期24. diastole心舒期1. atrium心房2. ventricle心室3. mitral / bicuspid valve二尖瓣4. semilunar valve半月瓣5. endocardium心内膜6. myocardium心肌7. epicardium心外膜8. pericardium心包(膜)9. pulmonary trunk肺动脉干10. stethoscope听诊器11. murmur (心脏)杂音,12. pacemaker cell P细胞(起搏细胞)13. sinus /sinoatrial node窦房结14. atrioventricular node房室结15. aorta主动脉16. common carotid artery颈总动脉17. artery动脉18. capillary毛细血管19. superior / inferior vena cava上腔静脉/下腔静脉。
医学领域英语词汇全集
医学领域英语词汇全集以下是医学领域常用的英语词汇全集，供参考：1. Anatomy（解剖学）- Skeleton（骨骼）- Muscles（肌肉）- Organs（器官）- Nerves（神经）2. Physiology（生理学）- Circulatory system（循环系统）- Respiratory system（呼吸系统）- Digestive system（消化系统）- Endocrine system（内分泌系统）3. Diseases（疾病）- Cancer（癌症）- Diabetes（糖尿病）- Hypertension（高血压）- Influenza（流感）4. Medical Procedures（医疗程序）- Surgery（外科手术）- Radiology（放射学）- Physical therapy（物理疗法）- Chemotherapy（化疗）5. Medications（药物）- Antibiotics（抗生素）- Analgesics（止痛药）- Antidepressants（抗抑郁药）- Antihistamines（抗组胺药）6. Medical Equipment（医疗设备）- Stethoscope（听诊器）- X-ray machine（X光机）- Ultrasound machine（超声波机）- Blood pressure monitor（血压计）7. Medical Specialties（医学专业）- Cardiology（心脏病学）- Dermatology（皮肤病学）- Gynecology（妇科学）- Pediatrics（儿科学）8. Medical Ethics（医学伦理）- Informed consent（知情同意）- Confidentiality（保密性）- Patient autonomy（患者自主权）- Non-maleficence（不伤害原则）9. Medical Research（医学研究）- Clinical trials（临床试验）- Case studies（病例研究）- Epidemiology（流行病学）- Genetic research（遗传研究）以上是医学领域常用的英语词汇全集。
医学专业英语词汇大全
医学专业英语词汇大全一、人体解剖学词汇1. 骨骼系统（Skeletal System）skull（颅骨）spine（脊柱）rib（肋骨）pelvis（骨盆）femur（股骨）tibia（胫骨）fibula（腓骨）2. 肌肉系统（Muscular System）biceps（二头肌）triceps（三头肌）deltoid（三角肌）quadriceps（四头肌）gluteus（臀大肌）rectus abdominis（腹直肌）3. 神经系统（Nervous System）brain（大脑）spinal cord（脊髓）neuron（神经元）synapse（突触）cerebellum（小脑）hypothalamus（下丘脑）4. 循环系统（Circulatory System） heart（心脏）artery（动脉）vein（静脉）capillary（毛细血管）blood（血液）plasma（血浆）5. 呼吸系统（Respiratory System） lung（肺）trachea（气管）bronchus（支气管）alveoli（肺泡）diaphragm（膈肌）二、临床医学词汇1. 疾病与症状diabetes（糖尿病）hypertension（高血压）asthma（哮喘）fever（发热）headache（头痛）nausea（恶心）2. 检查与诊断physical examination（体格检查）Xray（X光检查）CT scan（CT扫描）MRI（磁共振成像）biopsy（活检）diagnosis（诊断）3. 治疗与药物medication（药物治疗）surgery（手术治疗）vaccination（疫苗接种）antibiotic（抗生素）painkiller（止痛药）insulin（胰岛素）三、医学分支词汇1. 内科学（Internal Medicine） cardiology（心脏病学）gastroenterology（消化病学） nephrology（肾脏病学）endocrinology（内分泌学）hematology（血液病学）2. 外科学（Surgery）general surgery（普通外科） orthopedic surgery（骨科）neurosurgery（神经外科）plastic surgery（整形外科）cardiac surgery（心脏外科）3. 妇产科（Obstetrics and Gynecology）pregnancy（妊娠）childbirth（分娩）contraception（避孕）menopause（更年期）cervical cancer（宫颈癌）4. 儿科学（Pediatrics）immunization（免疫）growth chart（生长曲线）developmental milestones（发育里程碑）asthma in children（儿童哮喘）childhood obesity（儿童肥胖）本词汇大全旨在帮助医学专业人员和爱好者更好地掌握医学英语，提高专业英语水平。
医学常用解剖部位术语英汉翻译
医学常用解剖部位术语英汉翻译一、引言医学解剖部位术语是医学领域中重要的基础知识，准确理解和掌握解剖部位的英汉翻译对于医学教学和研究至关重要。
本文将介绍一些医学常用解剖部位术语的英汉翻译，帮助读者更好地理解和运用这些术语。
二、头部（Head）1. 头颅（Skull）- 脑颅（Cranium）- 面颅（Facial skull）2. 面部（Face）- 颏（Chin）- 唇（Lip）- 鼻（Nose）- 眼（Eye）- 耳（Ear）3. 颈部（Neck）- 颈椎（Cervical vertebrae）- 甲状腺（Thyroid）三、胸部（Thorax）1. 胸骨（Sternum）2. 肋骨（Ribs）3. 食管（Esophagus）4. 心脏（Heart）5. 肺（Lungs）6. 胸腺（Thymus）四、腹部（Abdomen）1. 腹肌（Abdominal muscles）2. 肝脏（Liver）3. 胆囊（Gallbladder）4. 胃（Stomach）5. 脾（Spleen）6. 小肠（Small intestine）7. 大肠（Large intestine）五、盆腔（Pelvis）1. 骨盆（Pelvis）2. 输尿管（Ureter）3. 子宫（Uterus）4. 卵巢（Ovary）5. 前列腺（Prostate）六、四肢（Limbs）1. 上肢（Upper limbs） - 肩（Shoulder）- 臂（Arm）- 肘（Elbow）- 前臂（Forearm）- 腕（Wrist）- 手（Hand）2. 下肢（Lower limbs） - 股骨（Femur）- 膝盖（Knee）- 小腿（Lower leg）- 踝关节（Ankle）- 足（Foot）七、结论本文介绍了医学常用解剖部位术语的英汉翻译，涵盖了头部、胸部、腹部、盆腔以及四肢等部位。
准确理解和运用这些术语对于医学学习和工作具有重要意义。
医学英语专业词汇表
医学英语专业词汇表医学英语专业词汇表Anatomy(解剖学)Abdomen(腹部)Bone(骨骼)Brain(大脑)Cardiovascular system(心血管系统) Digestive system(消化系统)Muscles(肌肉)Organs(器官)Skeleton(骨架)Skin(皮肤)1.Physiology(生理学)Autonomic nervous system(自主神经系统) Biochemical reactions(生化反应)Cell structure and function(细胞结构与功能) Endocrine system(内分泌系统)Energy metabolism(能量代谢)Fluid balance and circulation(水分平衡与循环) Immune system(免疫系统)Metabolism(新陈代谢)Nervous system(神经系统)Respiration(呼吸)Circulatory system(循环系统)1.Medical Terminology(医学术语)Adrenal gland(肾上腺)Arthritis(关节炎)Asthma(哮喘)Back pain(背痛)Blood pressure(血压)Cancer(癌症)Cardiovascular disease(心血管疾病)Diabetes mellitus(糖尿病)Ear infection(耳部感染)Fever(发热)Heart attack(心肌梗死)Heart disease(心脏病)Influenza(流感)Kidney stones(肾结石)这只是一个简短的医学英语专业词汇表，涵盖了一些基本的医学领域。
如果您想深入学习医学英语，建议您查阅相关的教材、课程和资源。
解剖专业医学专业英语
解剖学专业英语词汇Aaccessory 副神经anal canal 肛管anatomy 解剖学anatomy 解剖学angiology 脉管学anterior cerebral a. 大脑前动脉anterior horn 前角anus 肛门aorta 主动脉arachnoid 蛛网膜artery 动脉articular capsule 关节囊associate neuron 联络神经元atrioventricular bundle 房室束atrioventricular node 房室结atrium 心房auditory tube 咽鼓管auricle 耳廓autonomic nervous system 植物性神经系统，自主神经系axillary a. 腋动脉axillary n. 腋神经Bbasal nuclei 基底核basilic v. 贵要静脉biceps brachii m. 肱二头肌Blood vessel systembone 骨brachial plexus 臂丛brachiocephalic trunk 头臂干brain 脑brain stem 脑干bronchus 支气管Ccaecum 盲肠capillary 毛细血管cardiac apex 心尖cardiac orifice 贲门carpal canal 腕管carpus 腕骨cartilage 软骨central gray substance 中央灰质central nervous system 中枢神经系统Ddiaphragm 膈diencephalon 间脑ductus deferens 输精管duodenum 十二指肠dura mater 硬膜EEdinger Westphal nucleus E W核endocrine gland 内分泌腺external ear 外耳eyeball 眼球Ffacial n. 面神经fascia 筋膜fasciculus cuneatus 楔束fasciculus gracilis 薄束femoral a. 股动脉femoral n. 股神经femur 股骨fibula 腓骨frontal bone 额骨frontal lobe 额叶Ggall bladder 胆囊ganglion 神经节genital organs 生殖器gray substance 灰质greater omentum 大网膜Hhearthip bone 髋骨hippocampus 海马horizontal planehumerus 肱骨hypothalamus 丘脑下部，下丘脑Iileocaecal valve 回盲瓣iliopsoas m.ilium 髂骨inferior colliculus 下丘inferior vena cava 下腔静脉inguinal ligament 腹股沟韧带insula 岛叶interatrial septum 房间隔internal capsule 内囊internal carotid a. 颈内动脉 interventricular septum 室间隔 intervertebral disc 椎间盘iris 虹膜ischium 坐骨Jjejunum 空肠joint cavity 关节腔kidney 肾脏Llarge intestine 大肠larynx 喉lateral funiculus 外侧索 lateral ventricle 侧脑室 laterior horn 外侧角lens 晶体lesser omentum 小网膜levator ani m. 肛提肌ligament 韧带lingual n. 舌神经lip 唇liver 肝locus ceruleus 蓝斑lumbar plexus 腰丛lumbar vertebra 腰椎lung 肺lymph node 淋巴结lymph vessel 淋巴管lymphatic system 淋巴系 lymphatic trunk 淋巴干Mmamma (breast) 乳房mandible 下颌骨maxilla 上颌骨medial lemniscus 内侧丘系mesentery 肠系膜midbrain, mesencephalon 中脑motor neuron 运动神经元muscle 肌Nnasal cavity 鼻腔nasal septum 鼻中隔nerve 神经nervous system 神经系统neuroglia 神经胶质neuron 神经元nucleus 细胞核，神经核nucleus ambiguous 疑核nucleus posteromarginalis 后角边缘核nucleus proprius cornu posterior 后角固有核nucleus solitarius 孤束核Ooccipital bone 枕骨occipital lobe 枕叶oesophagus 食道orbita 眶ovary 卵巢Ppalate 腭parasympathetic 副交感的parietal bone 顶骨parietal lobe 顶叶patella 髌骨pelvis 骨盆penis 阴茎perineum 会阴peripheral nervous system 周围神经系统peritoneum 腹膜pharynx 咽pia mater 软脑膜pleura 胸膜pons 脑桥postcentral gyrus 中央后回posterior funiculus 后索posterior horn 后角precentral gyrus 中央前回prostate 前列腺pubic symphysis 耻骨联合pubis 耻骨pupil 瞳孔pylorus 幽门pyramidal tract 锥体束Rradial a. 桡动脉radius 挠骨red nucleus 红核reticular formation 网状结构retina 视网膜Ssacral plexus 骶丛sacrum 骶骨sagittal plane 矢状面scapula 肩胛骨sclera 巩膜scrotum 阴囊sense organ 感觉器官sensory neuron 感觉神经元skeleton 骨骼small intestine 小肠spermatic cord 精索sphenoid bone 蝶骨spinal cord 脊髓spinothalamic tract 脊髓丘脑束spleen 脾sternocleidomastoid m. 胸锁乳突肌sternum 胸骨stomach 胃subarachnoid space 蛛网膜下腔submandibular gland 下颌下腺substantia nigra 黑质superior colliculus 上丘superior vena cava 上腔静脉sympathetic 交感的synapse 突触Ttalocrural (ankle) joint 距骨小腿(踝)关节telencephalon 端脑temporal bone 颞骨temporal lobe 颞叶tendo calcaneus 跟腱thalamus 丘脑thoracic duct 胸导管thoracic vertebra 胸椎thyroid gland 甲状腺tibia 胫骨tibial n. 胫神经tongue 舌。
《解剖专业英语词汇》
人体解剖学专业英语词汇邵旭建青岛大学医学院解剖教研室Introduction（绪论）systematic anatomy（系统解剖学）regional(topographic) anatomy（局部解剖学）head头（face面，cranium颅）neck颈（cervix颈，nucha项）trunk躯干（thorax胸，abdomen腹，pelvis 盆，perineum会阴，back背）limbs四肢（upper limb上肢，lower limb下肢）anatomical position（解剖学姿势）superior and inferior（上与下）anterior and posterior（前与后）medial and lateral（内侧与外侧）superficial and deep（浅与深）internal and external（内与外）proximal and distal（近侧与远侧）vertical axis（垂直轴）sagittal axis（矢状轴）coronal(frontal) axis冠状轴（额状轴）sagittal plane（矢状面）coronal(frontal) plane（冠状面）horizontal(transverse) plane（水平面）I.Locomotor System（运动系统）1.Bony System (Osteology)（骨学）long bone（长骨）short bone（短骨）flat bone（扁骨）irregular bone（不规则骨）shaft（骨干）medullary cavity（髓腔）nutrient foramen（滋养孔）epiphysis（骺）metaphysis（干骺端）epiphysial cartilage（骺软骨）epiphysial line（骺线）bony substance（骨质）compact(dense) bone（骨密质）cancellous(spongy) bone（骨松质）trabeculae（骨小梁）diploe（板障）periosteum（骨膜）bony marrow（骨髓）(1)Bones of Trunk（躯干骨）vertebrae（椎骨）cervical vertebrae（颈椎）thoracic vertebrae（胸椎）lumbar vertebrae（腰椎）sacrum（骶骨）coccyx（尾骨）body(centrum)（椎体）arch（椎弓）pedicles（椎弓根）laminae（椎弓板）spinous process（棘突）transverse process（横突）superior process（上关节突）inferior process（下关节突）intervertebral foramina（椎间孔）vertebral foramen and vertebral canal（椎孔、椎管）uncus of vertebral body（椎体钩）Luschka joint（钩椎关节）carotis tubercle（颈动脉结节）atlas（寰椎）anterior arch（前弓）posterior arch（后弓）lateral masses（侧块）dental fovea（齿突凹）groove for vertebral artery（椎动脉沟）axis（枢椎）odontoid process（齿突）vertebra prominens（隆椎）thoracic vertebrae（胸椎）costal facets（肋凹）lumbar vertebrae（腰椎）sacrum（骶骨）promontory（骶岬）ala（翼）articular surface（耳状面）sacral tuberosity（骶粗隆）anterior sacral foramen（骶前孔）median sacral crest（骶正中嵴）posterior sacral foramen（骶后孔）sacral horn（骶角）sacral canal（骶管）sacral hiatus（骶管裂孔）sternum（胸骨）manubrium（柄）clavicular notch（锁切迹）jugular notch（颈静脉切迹）body（体）costal notche（肋切迹）xiphoid process（剑突）sternal angle（胸骨角）rib（肋骨）costal head（肋头）costal neck（肋颈）costal tubercle（肋结节）costal body（肋体）costal angle（肋角）costal groove（肋沟）costal cartilage（肋软骨）(2)Skull（颅）1)Bones of Cerebral Cranium（脑颅骨）frontal bone（额骨）frontal squama（额鳞）ethmoid bone（筛骨）perpendicular plate（垂直板）ethmoid labyrinth（筛骨迷路）superior nasal cocha（上鼻甲）middle nasal cocha（中鼻甲）sphenoid bone（蝶骨）parietal bone（顶骨）temporal bone（颞骨）squamous part（鳞部）tympanic part（鼓部）petrous part（岩部）occipital bone(枕骨)2)Bones of Facial Cranium（面颅骨）maxilla（上颌骨）body of maxilla（上颌体）infraorbital foramen（眶下孔）frontal process（额突）zygomatic process（颧突）alveolar process（牙槽突）palatine process（腭突）zygomatic bone（颧骨）palatine bone（腭骨）horizontal plate（水平板）perpendicular plate（垂直板）nasal bone（鼻骨）lacrimal bone（泪骨）inferior nasal concha（下鼻甲）vomer（犁骨）mandible（下颌骨）body of mandible（下颌体）base of mandible（下颌底）alveolar arch（牙槽弓）mental foramen（颏孔）mental protuberance（颏隆起）mental spine（颏棘）digastric fossa（二腹肌窝）ramus of mandible（下颌支）coronoid process（冠突）condylar process（髁突）mandibular notch（下颌切迹）head of mandible（下颌头）neck of mandible（下颌颈）mandibular angle（下颌角）mandibular foramen（下颌孔）mandibular canal（下颌管）mandibular lingula（下颌小舌）hyoid bone（舌骨）greater horn（大角）lesser horn（小角）3)Superior Aspect of Skull（颅骨上面观）coronal suture（冠状缝）sagittal suture（矢状缝）lamboid suture（人字缝）parietal foramen（顶孔）parietal tubercle（顶结节）4)Posterior Aspect of Skull（颅骨后面观）external occipital protuberance（枕外隆突）superior nuchal line（上项线）inferior nuchal line（上项线）5)Internal Aspect of Skull Cap（颅顶内面观）arterial sulcus（动脉沟）sulcus for superior sagittal sinus（上矢状窦沟）granular foveolae（颗粒小窝）anterior cranial fossa（颅前窝）frontal crest（额嵴）foramen cecum（盲孔）crista galli（鸡冠）cribriform plate（筛板）cribriform foramina（筛孔）middle crinial fossa（颅中窝）optic canal（视神经管）anterior clinoid process（前床突）posterior clinoid process（后床突）tuberculum sellae（鞍结节）dorsum sellae（鞍背）sella turcica（蝶鞍）carotid sulcus（颈动脉沟）supraorbital fissure（眶上裂）foramen lacerum（破裂孔）internal opening for carotid canal（颈动脉管内口）foramen rotundum（圆孔）foramen ovale（卵圆孔）foramen spinosus（棘孔）sulcus for middle menigeal artery（脑膜中动脉沟）tegmen tympani（鼓室盖）trigeminal impression（三叉神经压迹）posterior cranial fossa（颅后窝）foramen magnus（枕骨大孔）clivus（斜坡）internal opening for hypoglossal canal（舌下神经管内口）internal occipital probuberance（枕内隆凸）sulcus for transverse sinus（横窦沟）sulcus for sigmoid sinus（乙状窦沟）jugular foramen（颈静脉孔）internal acoustic pore（内耳门）internal acoustic meatus（内耳道）6)External Aspect of Base of Skull（颅骨底面观）bony palate（骨腭）intermaxillary suture（腭中缝）incisive foramen（切牙孔）incisive canal（切牙管）greater palatine foramen（腭大孔）posterior nasal aperture（鼻后孔）occipital condyle（枕髁）external opening of hypoglossal canal（舌下神经管外口）condylar canal（髁管）external opening of carotid canal（颈动脉管外口）styloid process（茎突）stylomastoid foramen（茎乳孔）mandibular fossa（下颌窝）articular tubercle（关节结节）lateral pterygoid plate（翼突外侧板）medial pterygoid plate（翼突内侧板）pterygoid process（翼突）pterygoid canal（翼管）6)Lateral Aspect of Skull（颅骨侧面观）external acoustic pore（外耳门）mastoid process（乳突）zygomatic arch（颧弓）temporal fossa（颞窝）superior temporal line（上颞线）inferior temporal line（下颞线）pterion（翼点）infratemporal fossa（颞下窝）pterygopalatine fissure（翼上颌裂）pterygopalatine fossa（翼腭窝）sphenopalatine foramen（蝶腭孔）7)Anterior Aspect of Skull（颅骨前面观）frontal tubercle（额结节）superciliary arch（眉弓）glabella（眉间）orbit（眶）base（底）supraorbital margin（眶上缘）supraorbital foramen(notch)眶上孔（切迹）infraorbital margin（眶下缘）infraorbital foramen（眶下孔）apex（尖）optic canal（视神经管）fossa for lacrimal gland（泪腺窝）infraorbital groove（眶下沟）infraorbital canal（眶下管）fossa for lacrimal sac（泪囊窝）superior orbital fissure（眶上裂）inferior orbital fissure（眶下裂）piriform aperture（梨状孔）bony septum of nose（骨鼻中隔）superior nasal meatus（上鼻道）middle nasal meatus（中鼻道）inferior nasal meatus（下鼻道）nasolacrimal canal（鼻泪管）sphenoethmoidal recess（蝶筛隐窝）frontal sinus（额窦）maxillary sinus（上颌窦）ethmoidal sinus（筛窦）sphenoid sinus（蝶窦）anterior fontanelle前囟（额囟）posterior fontanelle后囟（枕囟）anterolateral fontanelle前外侧囟（蝶囟）posterolateral fontanelle后外侧囟（乳突囟）(3)Bones of Upper Limb（上肢骨）shoulder girdle（上肢带骨）clavicle（锁骨）scapula（肩胛骨）subscapular fossa（肩胛下窝）spine of scapula（肩胛冈）supraspinous fossa（冈上窝）infrospinous fossa（冈下窝）coracoid process（喙突）scapular notch（肩胛切迹）glenoid cavity（关节盂）uproscapular tubercle（盂上结节）infroscapular tubercle（盂下结节）bones of free upper limb（自由上肢骨）humerus（肱骨）head of humerus（肱骨头）anatomical neck（解剖颈）surgical neck（外科颈）greater tubercle（大结节）lesser tubercle（小结节）crest of greater tubercle（大结节嵴）crest of lesser tubercle（小结节嵴）intertubercular sulcus（结节间沟）groove for radial nerve（桡神经沟）deltoid tuberosity（三角肌粗隆）capitulum of humerus（肱骨小头）trochlea of humerus（肱骨滑车）coronoid fossa（冠突窝）radial fossa（桡窝）olecranon fossa（鹰嘴窝）medial epicondyle（内上髁）lateral epicondyle（外上髁）sulcus for ulnar nerve（尺神经沟）radius（桡骨）head of radius（桡骨头）neck of radius（桡骨颈）radial tuberosity（桡骨粗隆）articular fovea（关节凹）articular circumference（环状关节面）interosseous border（骨间缘）styloid process（茎突）ulnar notch（尺切迹）carpal articular surface（腕关节面）ulna（尺骨）olecranon（鹰嘴）coronoid process（冠突）trochlear notch（滑车切迹）ulna tuberosity（尺骨粗隆）radial notch（桡切迹）interosseous border（骨间缘）head of ulna（尺骨头）styloid process（茎突）skeleton of hand（手骨）carpal bones（腕骨）scaphoid bone（手舟骨）lunate bone（月骨）triquetral bone（三角骨）pisiform bone（豌豆骨）trapezium bone（大多角骨）trapezoid bone（小多角骨）capitate bone（头状骨）hamate bone（钩骨）metacarpal bones（掌骨）phalanges（指骨）(4)Bones of Lower Limb（下肢骨）pelvic girdle（下肢带骨）hip bone（髋骨）ilium（髂骨）acetabulum（髋臼）obturator of formen（闭孔）body of ilium（髂骨体）ala of ilium（髂骨翼）iliac crest（髂嵴）anterior superior iliac spine（髂前上棘）posterior superior iliac spine（髂后上棘）anterior inferior iliac spine（髂前下棘）posterior inferior iliac spine（髂后下棘）iliac tubercle（髂结节）greater sciatic notch（坐骨大切迹）iliac fossa（髂窝）arcuate line（弓状线）gluteal surface（臀面）ischium（坐骨）body of ischium（坐骨体）ramus of ischium（坐骨支）ischial spine（坐骨棘）lesser sciatic notch（坐骨小切棘）ischial tuberosity（坐骨结节）pubis（耻骨）body of pubis（耻骨体）superior ramus of pubis（耻骨上支）inferior ramus of pubis（耻骨下支）iliopubic eminence（髂耻隆起）pecten of pubis（耻骨梳）pubic tubercle（耻骨结节）symphyseal surface（耻骨联合面）lunate surface（月状面）acetabular fossa（宽臼窝）acetabular notch（髋臼切迹）bones of free lower limb（自由下肢骨）femur（股骨）femoral head（股骨头）fovea of femoral head（股骨头窝）neck of femur（股骨颈）greater trochanter（大转子）lesser trochanter（小转子）intertrochanteric line（转子间线）intertrochanteric crest（转子间嵴）linea aspera（粗线）gluteal tuberosity（臀肌粗隆）pectineal line（耻骨肌线）popliteal surface（腘面）medial condyle（内侧髁）lateral condyle（外侧髁）intercondylar fossa（髁间窝）adductor tubercle（收肌结节）patella（髌骨）tibia（胫骨）intercondylar eminence（髁间隆起）tibial tuberosity（胫骨粗隆）interosseous border（骨间缘）soleal line（比目鱼肌线）medial malleolus（内踝）fibular notch（腓切迹）fibula（腓骨）fibular head（腓骨头）interosseous border（骨间缘）lateral malleous（外踝）skeleton of foot（足骨）tarsal bones（跗骨）talus（距骨）calcaneus（跟骨）navicular bone（足舟骨）medial cuneiform bone（内侧楔骨）intermediate cuneiform bone（中间楔骨）lateral cuneiform bone（外侧楔骨）cuboid bone（骰骨）metartarsal bones（跖骨）phalanges of toes（趾骨）2.Arthrology（关节学）synarthroses（不动关节）fibrous joint（纤维连结）syndesmosis（韧带连结）ligament（韧带）interosseous membrane（骨间膜）suture（缝）cartilaginous joint（软骨连结）synchondrosis（透明软骨结合）symphysis（纤维软骨结合）synostosis（骨性结合）diarthrosis(synovial joint)动关节（滑膜关节）articular surface（关节面）articular caput（关节头）articular fossa（关节窝）articular cartilage（关节软骨）joint capsule（关节囊）fibrous membrane（纤维膜）synovial membrane（滑膜）synovial villi（滑膜绒毛）joint cavity（关节腔）articular disc and meniscus（关节盘、半月板）articular lip（关节唇）synovial plica（滑膜襞）synovial bursa（滑膜囊）gliding or slipping movement（滑动）flexion and extension（屈和伸）adduction and abduction（收和展）pronation and supination （旋前和旋后）rotation（旋转）circumduction（环转）uniaxial joint（单轴关节）hinge joint(trochlear joint)屈戍关节（滑车关节）pivot joint（车轴关节）biaxial joint（双轴关节）ellipsoid joint(condyloid joint)椭圆关节（髁状关节）saddle joint（鞍状关节）polyaxial joint（三轴关节）ball and socket joint（球窝关节）plane joint（平面关节）(1)Joints of Bones of Trunk（躯干骨的连结）vertebral column（脊柱）intervertebral disc（椎间盘）annulus fibrosus（纤维环）nucleus pulpsus（髓核）anterior longitudinal ligament（前纵韧带）posterior longitudinal ligament（后纵韧带）ligamenta flava (yellow ligament)（黄韧带）interspinal ligaments（棘间韧带）supraspinal ligament（棘上韧带）ligamentum nuchae（项韧带）intertransverse ligament（横突间韧带）zygapophysial joint（关节突韧带）atlantooccipital joint（寰枕关节）anterior atlantooccipital membrane（寰枕前膜）posterior atlantooccipital membrane（寰枕后膜）atlantoaxial joint（寰枢关节）lateral atlantoaxial joint（寰枢外侧关节）median atlantoaxial joint（寰枢正中关节）apical ligament of dens（齿突尖韧带）alar ligament（翼状韧带）transverse ligament of atlas（寰椎横韧带）membrana tectoria（覆膜）cervical curve（颈曲）thoracic curve（胸曲）lumbar curve（腰曲）sacral curve（骶曲）thoracic cage（胸廓）superior aperture of thorax(inlet of thorax)（胸廓上口）inferior aperture of thorax（utlet of thorax)（胸廓下口）infrasternal angle（胸骨下角）intercostal space（肋间隙）costovertebral joint（肋椎关节）joint of costal head（肋头关节）costotransverse joint（肋横突关节）sternocostal joint（胸肋关节）(2)Synovial Joint of Skull（颅的连结）sphenooccipital synchondrosis（蝶枕软骨结合）temporomandibular joint（颞下颌关节）lateral ligament（外侧韧带）(3)Joints of Upper Limb（上肢骨连结）sternoclavicular joint（胸锁关节）acromioclavicular joint（肩锁关节）acromioclavicular ligament（肩锁韧带）coracoacromial ligament（喙锁韧带）coracoacromial ligament（喙肩韧带）shoulder joint（肩关节）elbow joint（肘关节）humeroulnar joint（肱尺关节）humeroradial joint（肱桡关节）proximal radioulnar joint（近侧桡尺关节）annular ligament（环状韧带）radial collateral ligament（桡侧副韧带）ulnar collateral ligament（尺侧副韧带）interosseous membrane of forearm（前臂骨间膜）distal radioulnar joint（远侧桡尺关节）joints of hand（手关节）wrist joint (radiocarpal joint)（腕关节）intercarpal joint（腕骨间关节）carpometacarpal joint（腕掌关节）carpometacarpal joint of thumb（拇指腕掌关节）intermetacarpal joint（掌骨间关节）metacarpophalangeal joint（掌指关节）palmar ligment（掌侧韧带）collateral ligment（侧副韧带）interphalangeal joint（指骨间关节）(4)Joints of Lower Limb（下肢骨连结）sacroiliac joint（骶髂关节）anterior sacroiliac ligament（骶髂前韧带）posterior sacroiliac ligament（骶髂后韧带）interosseous sacroiliac ligament（骶髂骨间韧带）iliolumbar ligament（髂腰韧带）sacrotuberous ligament（骶结节韧带）sacrospinous ligament（骶棘韧带）greater sciatic foramen（坐骨大孔）lesser sciatic foramen（坐骨小孔）pubic symphysis（耻骨联合）interpubic disc（耻骨间盘）suprapubic ligament（耻骨上韧带）arcurate pubic ligament（耻骨弓状韧带）obturator membrane（闭孔膜）obturator canal（闭膜管）pelvis（骨盆）greater pelvis（大骨盆）lesser pelvis（小骨盆）superior pelvic aperture(pelvic inlet)（骨盆上口）inferior pelvic aperture(pelvic outlet)（骨盆下口）pubic arch（耻骨弓）subpubic angle（耻骨下角）hip joint（髋关节）transverse acetabular ligament（髋臼横韧带）ligament of head of femur（股骨头韧带）iliofemoral ligament（髂股韧带）pubofemoral ligament（耻股韧带）ichiofemoral ligament（髂股韧带）zona orbicularis（轮匝带）knee joint（膝关节）patella ligament（髌韧带）tibial collateral ligament（胫侧副韧带）fibular collateral ligament（腓侧副韧带）oblique popliteal ligament（腘斜韧带）anterior cruciate ligament（前交叉韧带）posterior cruciate ligament（前交叉韧带）medial meniscus（内侧半月板）lateral meniscus（外侧半月板）suprapatellar bursa（髌上囊）deep infrapatallar bursa（髌下深囊）alar folds（翼状襞）tibiofibular joint（胫腓关节）crural interosseous membrane（小腿骨间膜）joint of foot（足关节）ankle joint(talocrural joint)（踝关节）medial(deltoid) ligament（内侧韧带）lateral ligament（外侧韧带）anterior talofibular ligament（距腓前韧带）posterior talofibular ligament（距腓后韧带）calcaneofibular ligament（跟腓韧带）talocalcaneal joint距跟关节（距下关节）talocalcaneonavicular joint（距跟舟关节）calcaneocuboid joint（跟骰关节）plantar calcaneonavicular ligament跟舟足底韧带（跳跃韧带）bifurcated ligament（分岐韧带）tarsometatarsal joint（跗跖关节）intermetatarsal joint（跖骨间关节）metatarsophalangeal joint（跖趾关节）interphalangeal joint（趾骨间关节）arch of foot（足弓）medial longitudunal arch（内侧纵弓）lateral longitudinal arch（外侧纵弓）transverse arch（横弓）3.Myology (Muscular System)（肌学）belly and tendon（肌腹和肌腱）aponeurosis（腱膜）long muscle（长肌）short muscle（短肌）flat muscle（扁肌）orbicular muscle（轮匝肌）prime mover（原动肌）fixator（固定肌）synergist（协同肌）antagonist（拮抗肌）fascia（筋膜）superficial(subcutaneous) fascia（浅筋膜）deep(proper) fascia（深筋膜）intermuscular septum（肌间隔）synovial bursa（滑膜囊）tendinous sheath（腱鞘）fibrous layer（纤维层）synovial layer（滑膜层）mesotendon（腱系膜）(1)Muscles of Head（头肌）1)Facial Muscles（面肌）epicranius(occipitofrontalis)（颅顶肌）frontal belly（额腹）galea aponeurotica（帽状腱膜）occipital belly（枕腹）orbicularis oculi（眼轮匝肌）muscles around mouth（口周围肌）orbicularis oris（口轮匝肌）levator labii superioris（提上唇肌）depressor anguli oris（降口角肌）depressor labii inferioris（降下唇肌）levator anguli oris（提口角肌）risorius（笑肌）zygomaticus major（颧大肌）zygomaticus minor（颧小肌）buccinator（颊肌）2)Masticatory Muscles（咀嚼肌）masseter（咬肌）temporalis（颞肌）lateral pterygoid（翼外肌）medial pterygoid（翼内肌）(2)Muscles of Neck（颈肌）platysma（颈阔肌）sternocleidomastoid（胸锁乳突肌）suprahyoid mm.（舌骨上肌群）diagastric（二腹肌）myohyoid（下颌舌骨肌）stylohyoid（茎突舌骨肌）geniohyoid（颏舌骨肌）infrahyoid mm.（舌骨下肌群）sternohyoid（胸骨舌骨肌）omohyoid（肩胛舌骨肌）sternohyoid（胸骨甲状肌）thyrohyoid（甲状舌骨肌）scalenus anterior（前斜角肌）scalenus medius（中斜角肌）scalenus posterior（后斜角肌）(3)Muscles of Trunk（躯干肌）1)Muscles of Back（背肌）trapezius（斜方肌）latissimus dorsi（背阔肌）levator scapulae（肩胛提肌）rhomboideus（菱形肌）erector spinae(sacrospinalis)（竖脊肌）splenius（夹肌）thoracolumbar fascia（胸腰筋膜）2)Muscles of Thorax（胸肌）pectoralis major（胸大肌）pectoralis minor（胸小肌）serratus anterior（前锯肌）intercostales externi（肋间外肌）intercostales interni（肋间内肌）intercostales intimi（肋间最内肌）diaphragm（膈）central tendon（中心腱）vena caval foramen（腔静脉孔）esophageal hiatus（食管裂孔）aortic hiatus（主动脉裂孔）3)Muscles of Abdomen（腹肌）obliquus externus abdominis（腹外斜肌）inguinal ligament（腹股沟韧带）lacunal ligament（腔隙韧带）obliquus internus abdominis（腹内斜肌）inguinal falx(conjoint tendon)腹股沟镰（联合腱）transversus abdominis（腹横肌）rectus abdominis（腹直肌）tendinosus intersection（腱划）sheath of rectus abdominis（腹直肌鞘）arcuate line（弓状线）linea alba（白线）quardratus lumborum（腰方肌）inner investing fascia（腹内筋膜）diaphragmatic fascia（膈筋膜）iliaopsoas fascia（髂腰筋膜）pelvic fascia（盆筋膜）transversalis fascia（腹横筋膜）inguinal canal（腹股沟管）superficial inguinal ring（腹股沟管浅环）deep inguinal ring（腹股沟管深环）(4)Muscles of Upper Limb（上肢肌）1)Muscles of Shoulder（肩部肌）deltoid（三角肌）supraspinatus（冈上肌）infraspinatus（冈下肌）teres minor（大圆肌）teres major（小圆肌）subscapularis（肩胛下肌）2)Muscles of Arm（臂肌）biceps brachii（肱二头肌）coracobrachialis（喙肱肌）brachialis（肱肌）triceps brachii（肱三头肌）3)Muscles of Forearm（前臂肌）Brachioradialis（肱桡肌）pronator teres（旋后肌）flexor carpi radialis（桡侧腕屈肌）palmaris longus（掌长肌）flexor carpi ulnaris（尺侧腕屈肌）flexor digitorum superficialis（指浅屈肌）flexor pollicis longus（拇长屈肌）flexor digitorum profundus（指深屈肌）pronator quadratus（旋前方肌）anconeus（肘肌）extensor carpi radialis longus（桡侧腕长伸肌）extensor carpi radialis brevis（桡侧腕短伸肌）extensor digitorum（指深肌）extensor digiti minimi（小指深肌）extensor carpi ulnaris（尺侧腕深肌）supinator（旋后肌）abductor pollicis longus（拇长展肌）extensor pollicis brevis（拇短伸肌）extensor pollicis longus（拇长伸肌）extensor indicis（示指伸肌）4)Muscles of Hand（手肌）abductor pollicis brevis（拇短展肌）flexor pollicis brevis（拇短屈肌）opponens pollicis（拇对掌肌）adductor pollicis（拇收肌）abductor digiti minimi（小指展肌）flexor digiti minimi brevis（小指短屈肌）oppenens digiti minimi（小指对掌肌）lumbricales（蚓状肌）palmar interossei（骨间掌侧肌）dorsal interossei（骨间背侧肌）axillary fossa（腋窝）trilateral foramen（三边孔）quadrilateral foramen（四边孔）deltopectoral groove（三角胸肌间沟）cubital fossa（肘窝）carpal canal（腕管）(5)Muscles of Lower Limb（下肢肌）1)Muscles of Hip（髋肌）iliopsoas（髂腰肌）psoas major（腰大肌）iliacus（髂肌）psoas minor（腰小肌）tensor fascia latae（阔筋膜张肌）iliotibial tract（髂胫束）gluteas maximus（臀大肌）gluteas medius（臀中肌）gluteas minimus（臀小肌）piriformis（梨状肌）obturator internus（闭孔内肌）obturator externus（闭孔外肌）quadratus femoris（股方肌）2)Muscles of Thigh（大腿肌）sartorius（缝匠肌）quadriceps femoris（股四头肌）rectus femoris（股直肌）vastus medialis（股内侧肌）vastus lateralis（股外侧肌）vastus intermedius（股中间肌）pectineus（耻骨肌）gracilis（股薄肌）adductor longus（长收肌）adductor brevis（短收肌）adductor magnus（大收肌）biceps femoris（股二头肌）；semitendinosus（半腱肌）semimenbranosus（半膜肌）3)Muscles of Leg（小腿肌）tibialis anterior（胫骨前肌）extensor digitorum longus（趾长深肌）extensor hallucis longus（拇长深肌）triceps surae（小腿三头肌）tendo calcaneus（跟腱）gastrocnemius（腓肠肌）soleus（比目鱼肌）plantaris（跖肌）popliteus（腘肌）flexor digitorum longus（趾长屈肌）tibialis posterior（胫骨后肌）flexor hallucis longus（拇长屈肌）peroneus longus（腓骨长肌）peroneus brevis（腓骨短肌）4)Muscles of Foot（足肌）extensor hallucis brevis（拇短伸肌）extensor digitorum brevis（趾短伸肌）abductor hallucis（拇展肌）flexor hallucis brevis（拇短屈肌）adductor hallucis（拇收肌）abductor digiti minimi（小趾展肌）flexor digiti minimi brevis（小趾短屈肌）flexor digitorum brevis（趾短屈肌）quadratus plantae（足底方肌）lumbricales（足蚓状肌）plantar interossei（骨间足底肌）dorsal interossei（骨间背侧肌）II.Splanchnology（内脏学）viscera（内脏）tubular viscus（中空性器官）mucous membrane (mucosa)（粘膜）submucosa（粘膜下层）muscular coat（肌层）adventitia(serosa)（外膜）parenchymatous organ（实质性器官）hilum(porta)（门）reference line of thorax（胸部标志线）anterior median line（前正中线）sternal line（胸骨线）midclavicular line（锁骨中线）parasternal line（胸骨旁线）anterior axillary line（腋前线）middle axillary line（腋中线）posterior axillary line（腋后线）scapular line（肩胛线）posterior median line（后正中线）abdominal regions（腹部分区）right hypochondric region（右季肋区）epigastric region（腹上区）left hypochondric region（左季肋区）right lumbar region（右腰区）umbilical region（脐区）left lumbar region（右腰区）right iliac region（右髂区）hypogastric region（腹下区）left iliac region（右髂区）1.Alimentary System（消化系统）alimentary canal（消化管）alimentary gland（消化腺）(1)Oral Cavity（口腔）oral vestibule（口腔前庭）oral lips（口唇）upper lip（上唇）philtrum（人中）lower lip（下唇）nasolabial sulcus（鼻唇沟）frenulum of upper lip（上唇系带）cheek（颊）oral cavity proper（固有口腔）hard palate（硬腭）soft palate（软腭）uvula（腭垂）palatine velum（腭帆）palatoglossal arch（腭舌弓）palatopharyngeal arch（腭咽弓）isthmus of fauces（咽峡）teeth (dentes)（牙）deciduous teeth（乳牙）permanent teeth（恒牙）incisor（切牙）canine（尖牙）premolar（前磨牙）molar（磨牙）crown of tooth（牙冠）neck of tooth（牙颈）root of tooth（牙根）dental cavity(pulp cavity)（牙腔）root canal（牙根管）dentine（牙质）enamel（釉质）cement（牙骨质）dental pulp（牙髓）periodontal membrane（牙周膜）alveolar bone（牙槽骨）gingiva（牙龈）tongue（舌）terminal sulcus（界沟）foramen cecum of tongue（舌盲孔）lingual mucous menbrane（舌粘膜）papillae of tongue（舌乳头）filiform papillae（丝状乳头）fungiform papillae（菌状乳头）oliate papillae（叶状乳头）valate papillae（轮廓乳头）lingual tonsil（舌扁桃体）frenulum of tongue（舌系带）sublingual caruncle（舌下阜）sublingual fold（舌下襞）muscles of tongue（舌肌）genioglossus（颏舌肌）hyoglossus（舌骨舌肌）styloglossus（茎突舌肌）superior longitudinal m.（上纵肌）inferior longitudinal m.（下纵肌）transverse m. of tongue（舌横肌）vertical m. of tongue（舌垂直肌）oral gland（口腔腺）sublingual gland（舌下腺）submandibular gland（下颌下腺）parotid gland（腮腺）parotid duct（腮腺导管）(2)Pharynx（咽）nasopharynx（鼻咽）pharyngeal opening of auditory tube（咽鼓管咽口）tubal torus（咽鼓管圆枕）pharyngeal recess（咽隐窝）tubal tonsil（咽鼓管扁桃体）pharyngeal tonsil（咽扁桃体）oropharynx（口咽）median glossoepiglottic fold（舌会厌正中襞）epiglottic vallecula（会厌谷）palatine tonsil（腭扁桃体）supratonsillar fossa（扁桃体上窝）laryngopharynx（喉咽）piriform recess（梨状隐窝）muscles of pharyngeal wall（咽壁肌）contrictors of pharynx（咽缩肌）(3)Esophagus（食管）(4)Stomach（胃）cardia（贲门）pylorus（幽门）greater curvature of stomach（胃大弯）cardiac incisure（贲门切迹）lesser curvature of stomach（胃小弯）angular incisura（角切迹）pyloric antrum（幽门窦）pyloric canal（幽门管）fundus of stomach（fornix of stomach）胃底（胃穹隆）body of stomach（胃体）pyloric valve（幽门瓣）gastric area（胃区）gastric pit（胃小凹）pyloric sphincter（幽门括约肌）(5)Small Intestine（小肠）duodenum（十二指肠）superior duodenal flexure（十二指肠上曲）duodenal bulb（十二指肠球）inferior duodenal flexure（十二指肠下曲）longitudinal fold of duodenum（十二指肠纵襞）major duodenal papilla（十二指肠大乳头）minor duodenal papilla（十二指肠小乳头）duodenojejunal flexure（十二指肠空肠曲）supensory muscle of duodenum（十二指肠悬肌）ligament of Treitz（Treitz韧带）jejunum（空肠）ilium（回肠）intestinal villi（肠绒毛）solitary lymphatic follicles（孤立淋巴滤泡）aggregated lymphatic follicles（集合淋巴滤泡）(6)Large Intestine（大肠）colic band（结肠带）haustra of colon（结肠袋）epiploicae appendices（肠脂垂）semilunar folds of colon（结肠半月瓣）caecum（盲肠）iliocecal orifice（回盲口）iliocecal valve（回盲瓣）vermiform appendix（阑尾）colon（结肠）ascending colon（升结肠）transverse colon（横结肠）descending colon（降结肠）sigmoid colon（乙状结肠）rectum（直肠）ampulla of rectum（直肠壶腹）transverse folds（直肠横襞）anal cnal（肛管）anal column（肛柱）anal valve（肛瓣）anal sinuses（肛窦）dental line（齿状线）anal pecten（肛梳）white line（白线）anus（肛门）sphincter ani（肛门括约肌）sphincter ani internus（肛门内括约肌）sphincter ani externus（肛门外括约肌）(7)Liver（肝）right lobe（右叶）left lobe（左叶）bare area（裸区）sulcus for vena cava（腔静脉沟）falciform ligament（镰状韧带）coronary ligament（冠状韧带）triangular ligament（三角韧带）porta hapatis（肝门）hepatic pedicle（肝蒂）ligamentum teres hepatis（肝圆韧带）fossa for gallbladder（胆囊窝）quadrate lobe（方叶）caudate lobe（尾状叶）ligamentum venosum（静脉韧带）gallbladder（胆囊）billiary ducts（胆道）right hepatic duct（右肝管）left hepatic duct（左肝管）common hepatic duct（肝总管）common bile duct（胆总管）hepatopancreatic (Vater’s) ampulla（肝胰壶腹）sphincter of hepatopancreatic ampulla（肝胰壶腹括约肌）triangle of Calot（胆囊三角）(8)Pancreas（胰）uncinate process（钩突）pancreatic duct（胰管）accessory pancreatic duct（副胰管）2.Respiratory System（呼吸系统）respiratory tract（呼吸道）respiratory organ（呼吸器官）(1)Nose（鼻）nasal cavity（鼻腔）nasal septum（鼻中隔）nares(nostrils)（鼻孔）choanae(posterior nasal aperture)（鼻后孔）nasal vestibule（鼻前庭）nasal limen（鼻阈）proper nasal cavity（固有鼻腔）supreme concha and supreme meatus（最上鼻甲、最上鼻道）olfactory region（嗅区）Little’s area（易出血区）respiratory region（呼吸区）sphenoethmoidal recess（蝶筛隐窝）semilunar hiatus（半月裂孔）ethmoidal infundibulum（筛漏斗）ethmoidal bulb（筛泡）nasal gland（鼻腺）(2)Paranasal Sinus（鼻旁窦）(3)Larynx（喉）thyroid cartilage（甲状软骨）left lamina（左板）right lamina（右板）laryngeal prominance（喉结）superior thyroid notch（上切迹）superior cornu（上角）inferior cornu（下角）cricoid cartilage（环状软骨）lamina of cricoid cartilage（环状软骨板）arch of cricoid cartilage（环状软骨弓）arytenoid cartilage（勺状软骨）vocal process（声带突）muscular process（肌突）epiglottic cartilage（会厌软骨）epiglottis（会厌）thyroepiglottic lig.（甲状会厌韧带）thyrohyoid membrane（甲状舌骨膜）median thyrohyoid lig.（甲状舌骨正中韧带）lateral thyrohyoid lig.（甲状舌骨外侧韧带）triticeal cartilage（麦粒软骨）cricothyroid joint（环甲关节）cricoarytenoid joint（环勺关节）quadrangular membrane（方形膜）vestibular lig.（前庭韧带）conus elasticus（弹性圆锥）vocal ligament（声韧带）vocalis（声带肌）vocal fold（声带）median cricothyroid lig.（环甲正中韧带）cricotracheal lig.（环气管韧带）cricothyroid（环甲肌）posterior cricoarytenoid（环勺后肌）lateral cricoarytenoid（环勺侧肌）thyroarytenoid（甲勺肌）transverse arytenoid（勺横肌）oblique arytenoid（勺斜肌）aryepiglottic muscle（勺会厌肌）laryngeal cavity（喉腔）aperture of larynx（喉口）vestibular fold（前庭襞）vocal fold（声襞）rima vestibuli（前庭裂）fissure of glottis (rima glottis)（声门裂）laryngeal vestibule（喉前庭）tubercle of epiglottis（会厌结节）intermedial cavity（喉中间腔）ventricle of larynx（喉室）infraglottis cavity（声门下腔）(4)Trachea and Bronchi（气管和支气管）birfurcation of trachea(气管杈）carina of trachea（气管隆嵴）membranous wall（气管膜壁）tracheal muscle（气管肌）right principal bronchus（右主支气管）left principal bronchus（左主支气管）(5)Lung（肺）apex of lung（肺尖）base of lung（肺底）hilum of lung（肺门）root of lung（肺根）cardiac notch of left lung（左肺心切迹）lingula of left lung（左肺小舌）oblique fissure（斜裂）horizontal fissure of right lung（右肺水平裂）pulmonary segment（肺段）lobar bronchi（肺叶支气管）segmental bronchi（肺段支气管）(6)Pleura（胸膜）parietal pleura（壁胸膜）cupula of pleura（胸膜顶）costal pleura（肋胸膜）diaphramatic pleura（膈胸膜）mediastinal pleura（纵隔胸膜）vesceral pleura（脏胸膜）pulmonary ligament（肺韧带）pleural cavity（胸膜腔）costodiaphragmatic recess（肋膈隐窝）costsmediastinal recess（肋纵隔隐窝）phrennicomediastinal recess（膈纵隔隐窝）(7)Mediastinum（纵隔）superior mediastinum（上纵隔）inferior mediastinum（下纵隔）anterior mediastinum（前纵隔）middle mediastinum（中纵隔）posterior mediastinum（后纵隔）3.Urinary System（泌尿系统）kidney（肾）renal hilum（肾门）renal pedicle（肾蒂）renal cortex（肾皮质）renal corpuscle（肾小体）tubulus（肾小管）renal medulla（肾髓质）renal column（肾柱）renal pyramid（肾锥体）renal papillae（肾乳头）renal sinus（肾窦）minor renal calices（肾小盏）major renal calices（肾大盏）renal pelvis（肾盂）fibrous capsule（纤维囊）adipose capsule（脂肪囊）renal fascia（肾筋膜）renal segment（肾段）ureter（输尿管）urinary bladder（膀胱）fundus of bladder（膀胱底）body of bladder（膀胱体）apex of bladder（膀胱尖）neck of bladder（膀胱颈）trigone of bladder（膀胱三角）vesical plica（膀胱襞）ureteric orifice（输尿管口）internal urethral orifice（尿道内口）vesical uvula（膀胱垂）interureteric fold（输尿管间襞）urethra（尿道）external urethral orifice（尿道外口）paraurethra glands（尿道旁腺）4.Male Genital System（男性生殖系统）testis（睾丸）tunica albuginea（白膜）mediastinum of testis（睾丸纵隔）septula of testis 睾丸小隔）lobule of testis（睾丸小叶）convoluted seminiferous tubule（精曲小管）stright seminiferous tubule（精直小管）rete testis（睾丸网）efferent ductule of testis（睾丸输出小管）。
英语课程中的人体解剖学词汇
英语课程中的人体解剖学词汇人体解剖学是了解人体结构和器官功能的学科，它在医学、生物学和健康科学领域中扮演着重要的角色。
在学习英语课程时，掌握一些与人体解剖学相关的词汇可以帮助我们更好地理解和表达相关的概念。
本文将介绍一些常用的人体解剖学词汇。
一、身体部位1. Head（头部）- 包括脑、额头、眼睛、耳朵、鼻子和嘴等。
2. Neck（颈部）- 位于头部和上胸部之间的部位。
3. Shoulder（肩膀）- 连接脖子和胳膊的部位。
4. Chest（胸部）- 身体前部，包括肺部和心脏。
5. Arm（手臂）- 分为上臂（upper arm）和下臂（forearm）。
6. Elbow（肘部）- 转接上臂和下臂的关节。
7. Wrist（手腕）- 连接手和前臂的部位。
8. Hand（手）- 包括手掌、手指和指甲等。
9. Abdomen（腹部）- 肚脐以上到胸骨之间的部位。
10. Back（背部）- 身体后部，包括脊椎和肩胛骨。
11. Hip（臀部）- 连接躯干和下肢的部位。
12. Leg（腿）- 包括大腿、小腿和脚等。
13. Knee（膝盖）- 连接大腿和小腿的关节。
14. Ankle（脚踝）- 连接小腿和脚的关节。
15. Foot（脚）- 包括脚背、脚底和脚趾等。
二、器官和系统1. Brain（脑）- 控制身体的各种功能，如思考和感觉等。
2. Heart（心脏）- 泵血到全身以维持循环系统。
3. Lungs（肺）- 用于呼吸，氧气进入血液，二氧化碳排出体外。
4. Stomach（胃）- 在消化过程中扮演重要角色。
5. Liver（肝脏）- 分解和代谢毒素，也参与消化过程。
6. Kidneys（肾脏）- 过滤血液，排除废物和调节体液平衡。
7. Intestines（肠道）- 包括小肠和大肠，用于消化和吸收营养物质。
8. Bladder（膀胱）- 储存尿液。
9. Skeleton（骨骼）- 人体的支撑结构，保护内脏器官。
精选医学专业英语词汇大全
精选医学专业英语词汇大全1. Anatomy (解剖学)- Abdomen: 腹部- Brain: 大脑- Heart: 心脏- Kidney: 肾脏- Liver: 肝脏- Lungs: 肺- Stomach: 胃- Spine: 脊柱2. Physiology (生理学)- Blood pressure: 血压- Digestion: 消化- Respiration: 呼吸- Circulation: 循环- Metabolism: 新陈代谢- Hormones: 激素- Nervous system: 神经系统- Immune system: 免疫系统3. Diseases and Conditions (疾病与病况) - Diabetes: 糖尿病- Cancer: 癌症- Asthma: 哮喘- Hypertension: 高血压- Arthritis: 关节炎- Depression: 抑郁症- Obesity: 肥胖症- Pneumonia: 肺炎4. Medical Procedures (医疗程序)- Surgery: 手术- X-ray: X射线- MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging): 磁共振成像- Blood test: 血液检查- Vaccination: 疫苗接种- Dialysis: 透析- Chemotherapy: 化疗5. Medical Specialties (医学专科) - Cardiology: 心脏病学- Dermatology: 皮肤科- Gastroenterology: 胃肠病学- Neurology: 神经学- Psychiatry: 精神病学- Obstetrics and Gynecology: 妇产科- Orthopedics: 骨科- Pediatrics: 儿科6. Medical Instruments (医疗器械) - Stethoscope: 听诊器- Thermometer: 温度计- Sphygmomanometer: 血压计- Scalpel: 解剖刀- Syringe: 注射器- Electrocardiograph: 心电图仪- Ultrasound machine: 超声波机- Endoscope: 内窥镜以上是一份精选医学专业英语词汇大全，涵盖了解剖学、生理学、疾病与病况、医疗程序、医学专科和医疗器械等方面的词汇。
医学英语——常用解剖术语
医学英语——常用解剖术语1、总论[Introduction]superior[上]inferior[下]Cranial[头侧]Caudal[尾侧]anterior[前]posterior[后]ventral[腹侧]dorsal[背侧]medial[内侧]lateral[外侧]internal[内]external[外]superficial[浅]profundal[深]proximal[近侧]distal[远侧]ulnar[尺侧]radial[桡侧]tibial[胫侧]fibular[腓侧]2、运动系统[locomotor （kinetic）system]vertebrae[椎骨]cervical vevtebrae[颈椎]thoracic vertebrae[胸椎]lumbar vertebrae[腰椎]sacrum[骶骨]sternum[胸骨]rib[肋骨]thoracic cage[胸廓]skull[颅]frontal bone[额骨]parietal bone[顶骨]occipital bone[枕骨]temporal bone[颞骨]sphenoid bone[蝶骨]ethmoid bone[筛骨]mandible （submaxilla）[下颌骨]maxilla （supermaxilla）[上颌骨]nasal bone[鼻骨]coronal （sagital，lambdoid）suture [冠状（矢状，人字）缝]orbit[眶]clavicle[锁骨]scapula （shoulder blade）[肩胛骨]sternum （breast bone）[胸骨]manubrium sterni （presternum）[胸骨柄]midsternum[胸骨体]xiphoid[剑突]humerus[肱骨]radius[桡骨]ulna[尺骨]carpal bone[腕骨] metacarpal bone [掌骨] phalanges[指（趾）骨] hip bone[髋骨]ilium[髂骨]ischium [坐骨]pubis[耻骨]femur [股骨]patella[髌骨]tibia[胫骨]fibula [腓骨]articulation[关节]ligament[韧带]flexion[屈]extension[伸]adduction[收]abduction[展] medial rotation[旋内] lateral rotation[旋外]pronation[旋前]supination[旋后]circumductoin[环转]vertebral column[脊柱]intervertebral disc[椎间盘] temporal-mandibular joint[颞下颌关节] shoulder joint[肩关节]elbow joint[肘关节]radiocarpal joint[肩关节]radiocarpal joint[桡腕关节]pelvis[骨盆]hip joint[髋关节]knee joint[膝关节]ankle joint[踝关节]muscle [肌肉]tendon[肌腱]fascia[筋膜]tendinous sheath[腱鞘]trapezius[斜方肌]latissimus dorsi[背阔肌]sternocleidomastoid[胸锁乳突的]scalenus [斜角肌]pectoralis major[胸大肌]intercostales[肋间肌]diaphragm[膈肌]inguinal canal[腹股沟管]masseter[咬肌]temporalis[颞肌]deltoid[三角肌]biceps brachii[肱二头肌]triceps brachii[肱三头肌] axillary fossa [腑窝] gluteus maximus[臀大肌]piriformis[梨状肌]sartorius[缝匠肌] quadriceps femoris[股四头肌] triceps surae[小腿三头肌]femoral triangle[股三角]3、内脏[Viscera]viscera[内脏]oral cavity[口腔]lip[唇]cheek[颊]palate[腭]tooth[牙]dentes[牙]tongue[舌]parotid gland[腮腺]pharynx[咽]esophagus[食管]stomach gaster[胃]duodenum[十二指肠]jejunum[空肠]ileum [回肠]large intestine[大肠]caecum[盲肠] vermiform （appendix）[阑尾]colon[结肠]rectum[直肠]anal canal[肛管]dentate line[齿状线]anus[肛门]liver （hepar）[肝]porta hepatis[肝门]gallblader[胆囊]pancreas[胰]nose[鼻]nasal cavity[鼻腔]paranasal sinus[鼻旁窦]larynx[喉]laryngeal cavity[喉腔]vocal cord[声带]trachea[气管]bronchi[支气管]lung [肺]pulmonary[肺的]pleura[胸膜]mediastinum[纵隔]kidney[肾]renal pilvis[肾盂]ureter[输尿管]urinary bladder[膀胱]urethra[尿道]testis[睾丸]epididymis[附睾] ductus deferens[输精管]spermatic cord[精索]prostate[前列腺]scrotum[阴囊]penis[阴茎]ovary[卵巢]uterine tube[输卵管]uterus[子宫]vagina[阴道]clitoris[阴蒂] mamma （breast）[乳房]mammary papilla （nipple）[乳头]perineum[会阴]pelvic diaphragm[盆膈]peritoneum[腹膜]omentum[网膜]4、心血管系统[Cardiovascular system]heart[心]artery[动脉]vein[静脉]capillary[毛细血管]atrium[心房]ventricle[心室]tricuspid valve[三尖瓣]bicuspid valve[二尖瓣]aortic valve[主动脉瓣]pulmonary valve[肺动脉瓣]sinuatrial node[窦房结]atrioventricular node[房室结]atrioventricular bundle[房室束] right/left bundle branch[右/左束支]coronary artery[冠状动脉]coronary sinus[冠状窦]pericardium[心包]aorta[主动脉]innominate artery[无名动脉（头臂干）]common carotid artery[颈总动脉]carotid sinus [颈动脉窦]internal（external）carotid artery[颈内（外）动脉]facial artery[面动脉]subclavian artery[锁骨下动脉]mesenteric artery[肠系膜动脉]common iliac artery[髂总动脉]popliteal artery [腘动脉]vena cava [腔静脉]internal jugular vein[颈内静脉]cephalic vein[头静脉]basilic vein[贵要静脉]saphenous vein[隐静脉]lymphatic duct[淋巴导管]thoracic duct[胸导管]lymph node[淋巴结]spleen[脾]thymus[胸腺]5、感觉器[sense organs]sensory organ[感觉器]receptor[感受器]visual organ[视器]eyeball [眼球]cornea[角膜]sclera[巩膜]choroid [脉络膜]ciliary body[睫状体]iris[虹膜]retina[视网膜]optic disc[视神经盘]macula lutea[黄斑]aqueous humor[房水]lens[晶状体]vitreous body[玻璃体]eyelid [眼睑]conjunctiva[结膜]lacrimal gland[泪腺]vestibulocochlear organ[前庭蜗器]ear（auris）[耳]auricle[耳廓]acoustic meatus[耳道]tympanic cavity[鼓室]tympanic membrane[鼓膜]pharyngotympanic tube [咽鼓管]bony（membranous）labyrinth[骨（膜）迷路]vestibule [前庭]semicircular canal[半规管]cochlea[耳蜗]cochlear duct[蜗管]olfactory organ[嗅器]gustatory organ[味器]taste bud[味蕾]skin[皮肤]6、神经系统[Nervous system] central nervous system[中枢神经系统] peripheral nervous system[周围神经系统] visceral nerve[内脏神经医学教.育网搜集] afferent nerve[传入神经]efferent nerve[传出神经]neuron[神经元]axon [轴突]dendrite[树突]glia [神经胶质]gray matter [灰质]white matter[白质]cortex[皮质]madulla[髓质]nucleus[神经质]ganglion[神经节]fasciculus[神经束]nerve[神经]spinal nerve[脊神经]cervical plexus[颈丛]brachial plexus[臂丛]lumbar plexus[腰丛]sacral plexus [骶丛]phrenic nerve[膈神经]median nerve[正中神经]ulnar nerve[尺神经]radial nerve[桡神经]femoral nerve[股神经]ischiatic nerve[坐骨神经] common peroneal nerve[腓总神经] cranial nerve[颅（脑）神经]olfactory nerve[嗅神经]optic nerve[视神经]oculomotor nerve[动眼神经]trochlear nerve[滑车神经]trigeminal verve[三叉神经]abducent nerve[展神经]facial nerve[面神经] vestibulocochlear nerve[前庭蜗神经] glossopharyngeal nerve[舌咽神经] vagus nerve[迷走神经]accessary nerve[副神经]hypoglossal nerve[舌下神经] autonomic nervous system[自主神经] vegetative nervous system[植物神经] sympathetic nerve[交感神经] parasympathetic nerve[副交感神经]spinal cord[脊髓]encephalon （brain）[脑]brain stem[脑干]medulla oblongata[延髓]pons [脑桥]mesencephalon[中脑]midbrain[中脑]cerebellum[小脑]diencephalon[间脑]thalamus[丘脑]hypothalamus[下丘脑]hypophysis[垂体]telencephalon[端脑]cerebrum[大脑]cerebral cortex[大脑皮质]corpus striatum[纹状体]internal capsule[内囊]spinothalamic tract[皮质脊髓束]medial lemniscus[内侧丘系]lateral lemniscus[外侧丘系]spinal lemniscus[脊髓丘系]trigeminal lemniscus[三叉丘系]7、体表标记[Anatomic marks]naso-labial groove[鼻唇沟]suprasternal fossa[胸骨上窝]supraclavicular fossa[锁骨上窝]infraclavicular fossa[锁骨下窝]armpit （axillary fossa）[腋窝]midsternal （midian）line[胸骨中线（正中线）]anterior midian line[前正中线]parasternal line[胸骨旁线]midclavicular line[锁骨中线]mammillary （nipple，milk）line[乳线]posterior （mid-，anterior）axillary line[腋后（中，前）线]scapular line[肩胛线]midspinal line[脊柱中线]dorsomedian line[后正中线]linea paravertebralis [脊椎旁线]the left （right）upper abdomen （quadrant）[左（右）上腹]epigastrium[上腹部]the middle abdomen[中腹部]the lower abdomen[下腹部]linea pararectalis[腹直肌旁线]anterior superior spine[髂前上棘] symphysis pubis （symphysion）[耻骨联合]ischial tuberosity[坐骨结节]groin （inguen）[腹股沟]popliteal fossa[腘窝]upper extremity（limb）[上肢]lower extremity（limb）[下肢]posterior superior spine[髂后上嵴] anterior （dorsal）part of chest（前（后）胸部）scapular region[肩胛区]anterior （posterior）fontanelle[前（后）囱]。
人体解剖英语词汇大全探索人体奥秘
人体解剖英语词汇大全探索人体奥秘人体是一个复杂而神奇的机器，了解人体的结构和功能对我们理解人类生命的奥秘至关重要。
而学习人体解剖的过程中，掌握相关的英语词汇更能帮助我们在国际交流和研究中更加顺利地进行。
本文将为大家提供一个涵盖人体解剖英语词汇的大全，同时展开关于人体解剖的一些基础知识。
一、骨骼系统（Skeletal System）1. 骨骼（skeleton）- 人体支撑结构的框架，包括骨头和关节。
2. 骨头（bone）- 由骨骼组成的坚硬结构，提供支持和保护内脏。
3. 关节（joint）- 两个或多个骨头相连的地方，使得骨骼可以运动。
4. 骨骼肌（skeletal muscle）- 与骨骼相连的肌肉组织，帮助控制骨骼运动。
二、肌肉系统（Muscular System）1. 肌肉（muscle）- 由肌纤维组成的组织，能够收缩和放松，控制人体的运动。
2. 平滑肌（smooth muscle）- 水平纹理的肌纤维构成的肌肉，存在于内脏和血管等部位。
3. 心肌（cardiac muscle）- 心脏中特有的肌肉组织，具有自主收缩和导电性能。
4. 横纹肌（striated muscle）- 具有横纹纹理的肌肉，包括骨骼肌和心肌。
三、呼吸系统（Respiratory System）1. 呼吸（respiration）- 人体吸入氧气，排出二氧化碳的过程。
2. 气管（trachea）- 连接喉部和支气管的管道。
3. 支气管（bronchus）- 气管分支而成，将空气输送到肺部。
4. 肺（lung）- 呼吸系统的关键器官，用来进行气体交换。
四、循环系统（Circulatory System）1. 心脏（heart）- 位于胸腔中的肌肉器官，泵血循环。
2. 动脉（artery）- 将氧气和营养物质输送到全身组织的血管。
3. 静脉（vein）- 将含有二氧化碳和废物的血液输送回心脏的血管。
4. 血液（blood）- 循环系统中的液体，携带氧气和营养物质。
医学解剖学专业英语词汇
医学解剖学专业英语词汇abnormal 异常anatomical position 人体的标准解剖学姿势caudal 尾侧central 中央computed tomography, CT X线连续断层图cranial 颅侧distal 远侧proximal 近侧dorsal 背侧ventral 腹侧medial 内侧lateral 外侧anterior 前posterior 后external 外internal 内profundal 深superficial 浅inferior 下superior 上ulnar 尺侧radial 桡侧fibular 腓侧tibial 胫侧frontal axis 冠状轴frontal plane 冠状面horizontal 水平horizontal plane 水平面sagittal axis 矢状轴sagittal plane 矢状面vertical 垂直vertical axis 垂直轴locomotive anatomy 运动解剖学macroanatomy 巨视解剖学microanatomy 微视解剖学sectional anatomy 断层解剖学su***ce anatomy 表面解剖学surgical anatomy 外科解剖学systematic anatomy 系统解剖学topographic anatomy 局部解剖学variation 变异x-ray anatomy X线解剖学Chapter 1 Osteologybony nasal cavity 骨性鼻腔calvaria 颅盖femoral head 股骨头femur 股骨fibula 腓骨neck of femur 股骨颈neck of fibula 腓骨颈neck of radius 桡骨颈fibular head 腓骨头acetabulum髋臼gluteal tuberosity 臀肌粗隆greater sciatic notch 坐骨大切迹greater trochanter 大转子greater tubercle 大结节deltoid tuberosity 三角肌粗隆adductor tubercle 收肌结节 intercondylar fossa 髁间窝intercondylar eminence 髁间隆起hip bone 髋骨iliac crest 髂嵴iliac fossa 髂窝ilium 髂骨ischial spine 坐骨棘ischial tuberosity 坐骨结节ischium 坐骨 lesser sciatic notch 坐骨小切迹lesser trochanter 小转子linea aspera 粗线anterior superior iliac spine 髂前上棘arcuate line弓状线humerus 肱骨capitulum of humerus 肱骨小头acromion 肩峰coracoid process 喙突anatomical neck 解剖颈coronoid process 冠突olecranon 鹰嘴head of humerus 肱骨头head of radius 桡骨头head of ulna 尺骨头lunate bone 月骨lunate su***ce 月状面metacarpal bones 掌骨lamina of vertebral arch 椎弓板 intervertebral foramina 椎间孔lumbar vertebrae 腰椎Luschka 钩椎关节cervical vertebrae 颈椎atlas 寰椎axis 枢椎coccyx 尾骨body of sternum 胸骨体calvicle 锁骨manubrium sterni 胸骨柄bone marrow 骨髓lateral malleolus 外踝calcaneus 跟骨 intermedius cuneiform bone 中间楔骨medial cuneiform bone 内侧楔骨lateral cuneiform bone 外侧楔骨navicular bone 足舟骨cuboid bone 骰骨metatarsal bones 跖骨capitulum 小头carotid canal 颈动脉管carpal bones 腕骨capitate bone 头状骨cellules 小房clivus 斜坡coronasl suture 冠状缝costal cartilage 肋软骨osteoporosis 骨质疏松costal groove 肋沟costal angle 肋角costal arch 肋弓costal bone 肋骨costal head 肋头costal neck 肋颈costal tubercle 肋结节cranial fontanelles 颅囟crest 嵴metaphysic 干骺端lateral condyle 外侧髁lateral epicondyle 外上髁articular process 关节突articular tubercle 关节结节long bone 长骨compact bone 骨密质diaphysis, shaft 骨干flat bone 扁骨diplöe 板障medial epicondyle 内上髁medial malleolus 内踝medial condyle 内侧髁endosteum 骨内膜condyle 髁epicondyle 上髁lesser tubercle 小结节lesser wing 小翼epiphysis 骺epiphysial line 骺线epiphysil cartilage 骺软骨irregular bone 不规则骨glenoid cavity 关节盂ethmoid bone 筛骨alveolar process 牙槽突angle of mandible 下颌角anterior cranial fossa 颅前窝anterior fontanelle 前囟(额囟)antrum 房aperture 口ethmoidal cellules 筛小房ethmoidal sinuses 筛窦external occipital protuberance 枕外隆凸foramen magnum 枕骨大孔foramen lacerum 破裂孔foramen ovale 卵圆孔foramen rotundum 圆孔foramen spinosum 棘孔fovea 凹foveola 小凹frontal process 额突frontal sinus 额窦frontal bone 额骨greater wing 大翼hamate bone 钩骨head of mandible 下颌头head 头hiatus 裂孔hyoid bone 舌骨hypophysial fossa 垂体窝impression 压迹inferior nasal concha 下鼻甲inferior orbitaljissure 眶下裂infraorbital foramen 眶下孔infraspinous fossa 冈下窝infratemporal fossa 颞下窝internal acoustic pore 内耳门internal occipital protuberance 枕内隆凸jugular notch 颈静脉切迹jugular foramen 颈静脉孔lacrimal bone 泪骨lambdoid suture 人字缝mandible 下颌骨mandibular foramen 下颌孔mandibular fossa 下颌窝mastoid process 乳突maxilla 上颌骨maxillary sinus 上颌窦meatus 道medullary cavity 髓腔mental foramen 颏孔middle cranial fossa 颅中窝masal bone 鼻骨nasolacrimal canal 鼻泪管neck of mandible 下颌颈obturator foramen 闭孔occipital bone 枕骨optic cana 视神经管oral cavity 骨性口腔orbit 眶palatine bone 腭骨palatine process 腭突paranasal sinuses 鼻旁窦parietal bone 顶骨patella 髌骨pecten pubis 耻骨梳TOPliflash@ 2008-09-23 00:55 |只看楼主 3# 字体大小: t Tpedicle of vertebral arch 椎弓根periosteum 骨膜petrous part 「pyramid」岩部(锥体)phalanges of fingers 指骨phalanges of toes, bones of toes 趾骨pisiform bone 豌豆骨pneumatic bone 含气骨prominent vertebra 隆椎posterior cranial fossa 颅后窝posterior fontanel 后囟(枕囟)posterior superior iliac spine 髂后上棘promontory 岬pterion 翼点pterygoid canal 翼管pterygoid process 翼突pterygopalatine fossa 翼腭窝pubic tubercle 耻骨结节pubis 耻骨radial tuberosity 桡骨粗隆radius 桡骨ramus of mandible 下颌支red bone marrow 红骨髓ribs 肋sacral cornu 骶角sacral hiatus 骶管裂孔sacrum, sacral bone 骶骨sagittal suture 矢状缝scaphoid bone 手舟骨scapula 肩胛骨sesamoid bone 籽骨shaft of rib 肋体short bone 短骨skull 颅sphenoid bone 蝶骨sphenoidal sinus 蝶窦spine 棘spine of scapula 肩胛冈spinous process 棘突spongy bone 骨松质squamous part 鳞部sternal angle 胸骨角sternum 胸骨styloid process 尺骨茎突stylomastoid foramen 茎乳孔styloid process 茎突subscapular fossa 肩胛下窝sulcus for radial nerve 桡神经沟superior orbital fissure 眶上裂superior, middle and inferior nasal meatus 上、中、下鼻道supraspinous fossa 冈上窝surgical neck 外科颈sumphysial su***ce 耻骨联合面talus 距骨tarsal bones 跗骨temporal bone 颞骨thoracic vertebrae 胸椎tibia 胫骨tibial tuberosity 胫骨粗隆trabeculae 骨小梁transverse foramen 横突孔transverse process 横突trapezium bone 大多角骨trapezoid bone 小多角骨triquetral bone 三角骨trochlear notch 滑车切迹trochlea of humerus 肱骨滑车tubercle of iliac crest 髂结节tympanic part 鼓部ulna 尺骨ulnar tuberosity 尺骨粗隆uncus corporis vertebrae 椎体钩vertebral canal 椎管vertebrae 椎骨vertebral aech 椎弓vertebral body 椎体vertrbral foramen 椎孔vomer 犁骨xiphoid process 剑突yellow bone marrow 黄骨髓zygomatic process 颧突zygomatic bone 颧骨chapter 2 Arthrologyabduction 展acetabular labrum 髋臼唇acromioclavicular joint 肩锁关节adduction 收ankle joint 踝关节annular ligament of radius 桡骨环状韧带anterior atlantooccipital membrane 寰枕前膜anterior cruciate ligament 前交叉韧带anterior longtitudinal ligament 前纵韧带anterior talofibular ligament距腓前韧带annulus fibrosus纤维环articular capsule关节囊articular cartilage关节软骨articular cavity关节腔articular disc 关节盘articular labrum 关节唇articular su***ce 关节面articulation 关节atlantoaxial joint 寰枢关节atlantooccipital joint 寰枕关节ball-and-xocket joint 球窝关节bifurcate ligament 分歧韧带calcaneocubiod joint 跟骰关节calcaneofibular ligament 跟腓韧带carpometacarpal joint 腕掌关节carpometacarpal joint of thumb 拇指腕掌关节cartilage 软骨cartilaginous joint 软骨连结chondrocyte 软骨细胞circumduction 环转coracoacromial ligament 喙肩韧带costotransverse joint 肋横突关节costovertebral joint 肋椎关节cruciate ligaments 膝交叉韧带distal radioulnar joint 桡尺远侧关节dorsiflexion 背屈elbow joint 肘关节ellipsoidal joint 椭圆关节extension 伸fibrous joint 纤维连结fibrous membrane 纤维膜fibular collateral ligament 腓侧副韧带flexion 屈greater pelvis 大骨盆hinge joint 屈戌关节hip joint 髋关节humeroradial joint 肱桡关节humeroulnar joint 肱尺关节iliofemoral ligament 髂股韧带iliolumbar ligament 髂腰韧带intercarpal joint 腕骨间关节intermetacarpal joint 掌骨间关节intermetatarsal joint 跖骨间关节interosseous membrane of forearm 前臂骨间膜interphalangeal joint 指骨间关节interphalangeal joint 趾骨间关节interspinal ligament 棘间韧带intertarsal joint 跗骨间关节intertransverse ligament 横突间韧带intervertebral disc 椎间盘ischiofemoral ligament 坐股韧带joint of costal head 肋头关节joints of foot 足关节joints of hand 手关节knee joint 膝关节lateral ligament 外侧韧带lateral meniscus 外侧半月板lateral rotation 旋外lesser pelvis 小骨盆ligament 韧带ligament of the head of the femur 股骨头韧带ligamenta flava 黄韧带ligamentum nuchae 项韧带medial ligament 内侧韧带medial meniscus 内侧半月板medial rotation 旋内menisci 半月板metacarpophalangeal joint 掌指关节metatarsophalangeal joint 跖趾关节nucleus pulposus 髓核oblique popliteal ligament 腘斜韧带obturator canal 闭膜管obturator membrane 闭孔膜patellar ligament 髌韧带TOPliflash@ 2008-09-23 00:55 |只看楼主 4# 字体大小: t Tpelvis 骨盆plane joint 平面关节plantar calcaneonavicular ligament 跟舟足底韧带plantar flexion 跖屈posterior atlantooccipital membrane 寰枕后膜posterior cruciate ligament 后交叉韧带posterior longitudinal ligament 后纵韧带posterior talofibular ligament 距腓后韧带pronation 旋前proximal radioulnar joint 桡尺近侧关节pubic symphysis 耻骨联合pubofemoral ligament 耻股韧带radial collateral ligament 桡侧副韧带radiocarpal joint 桡腕关节rotation 旋转sacroiliac joint 骶髂关节sacrospinous ligament 骶棘韧带sacrotuberous ligament 骶结节韧带sellar joint 鞍状关节shoulder joint 肩关节spring ligament 跳跃韧带sternoclavicular joint 胸锁关节sternocostal joint 胸肋关节subtalar joint 距下关节supination 旋后suprsaspinal ligament 棘上韧带suture 缝symphysis 纤维软骨联合synchondrosis 软骨结合syndesmosis 韧带连结synostosis 骨性结合synovial bursa 滑膜囊synovial fluid 滑液synovial fold 滑膜襞synovial joint 滑膜关节synovial membrane 滑膜talocalcaneal joint 距跟关节talocalcaneonavicular joint 距跟舟关节talacrural joint 距小腿关节tarsometatarsal joint 跗跖关节temporomandibular joint 颞下颌关节thorax 胸廓tibial collateral ligament 胫侧副韧带translation 移动transverse tarsal joint 跗横关节trochoid joint 车轴关节ulnar collageral ligament 尺侧副韧带vertebral column 脊柱wrist joint 腕关节zygapohpyseal joint 关节突关节Chapter 3 Myology abductor digiti minimi 小指展肌abductor pollicis brevis 拇短展肌abductor pollicis longus 拇长展肌adductor brevis 短收肌adductor canal 收肌管adductor longus 长收肌adductor magnus 大收肌adductor pollicis 拇收肌adductor tendinous opening 收肌腱裂孔agonist 原动肌antagonist 拮抗肌aocitic hiatus 主动脉裂孔aponeurosis 腱膜arcuate line 弓状线axillary fossa 腋窝axillary sheath 腋鞘biceps brachii 肱二头肌biceps femoris 股二头肌brachialis 肱肌brachioradialis 肱桡肌buccinator 颊肌carotid sheath 颈动脉鞘carpal canal 腕管central tendon 中心腱clavipectoral fascia 锁胸筋膜common extensor tendon 伸肌总腱common flexor tendon 屈肌总腱conjoint tendon 联合腱coracobrachialis 喙肱肌cubital fossa 肘窝deep fascial 深筋膜deep inguinal ring 腹股沟管深(腹)环deltoid 三角肌deltopectoral groove 三角胸肌间沟diaphragm 膈digastric 二腹肌dorsal interossei 骨间背侧肌epicranius 颅顶肌erector spinae 竖脊肌(骶棘肌)esophageal hiatus 食管裂孔extensor carpi radialis longus 桡侧腕长伸肌extensor carpi radialis brevis 桡侧腕短伸肌extensor carpi ulnaris 尺侧腕伸肌extensor digiti minimi 小指伸肌extensor digitorum 指伸肌extensor digitorum longus 趾长伸肌extensor expansion 指背腱膜extensor hallucis longus 踇长伸肌extensor indicis 示指伸肌extensor pollicis longus 拇长伸肌extensor pollicis brevis 拇短伸肌external intercostals membrane 肋间外膜fascia 筋膜fascia lata 阔筋膜femoral canal 股管femoral ring 股环femoral *** 股三角fibrous layer 纤维层fibrous sheath of tendon 腱纤维鞘fixator 固定肌fixed attachment 定点flat muscle 扁肌flexor carpi radialis 桡侧腕屈肌flexor carpi ulnaris 尺侧腕屈肌flexor digiti minimi brevis 小指短屈肌flexor digitorum longus 趾长屈肌flexor digitorum profundus 指深屈肌flexor digitorum superficialis 指浅屈肌flexor hallucis longus 踇长屈肌flexor pollicis brevis 拇短屈肌flexor pollicis longus 拇长屈肌frontal belly额腹gluteus medius臀中肌gluteus minimus臀小肌galea aponeurotica帽状腱膜gastrocnemius腓肠肌geniohyoid颏舌骨肌gluteus maximus臀大肌gracilis股薄肌hypothenar小鱼际iliacus髂肌iliopectineal arch髂耻弓iliopsoas 髂腰肌infrapiriformis foramen 梨状肌下孔infraspinatus 冈下肌inguinal cannal 腹股沟管inguinal falx 腹股沟镰inguinal ligament 腹股沟韧带inguinal 「Hesselbach」 trangle 腹股沟(海氏)三角insertion 止点intercostals externi 肋间外肌intercostals interni 肋间内肌intercostals intimi 肋间最内肌internal intercostals membrane 肋间内膜lacuna musculorum 肌腔隙lacuna vasorum 血管腔隙lacunar ligament 腔隙韧带(陷窝韧带)lateral pterygoid 翼外肌latissimus dorsi 背阔肌levator scapulae 肩胛提肌linea alba 白线long muscle 长肌lumbocostal *** 腰肋三角lumbricales 蚓状肌masseter 咬肌medial pterygoid 翼内肌mesotendon 腱系膜movable attachment 动点muscle 肌muscle belly 肌腹muscle tendinous stuff 肌腱袖mylohyoid 下颌舌骨肌obliquus externus abdominis 腹外斜肌obliquus internus abdominis 腹内斜肌obturator externus 闭孔外肌obturator internus 闭孔内肌occipital belly 枕腹omohyoid 肩胛舌骨肌opponens digiti minimi 小指对掌肌opponens pollicis 拇对掌肌orbicular muscle 轮匝肌orbicularis oculi 眼轮匝肌orbicularis oris 口轮匝肌origin 起点palmar aponeurosis 掌腱膜palmar interossei 骨间掌侧肌palmaris longus 掌长肌pectineal ligament 耻骨梳韧带pectineus 耻骨肌pectoralis major 胸大肌pectoralis minor 胸小肌peroneus brevis 腓骨短肌peroneus longus 腓骨长肌peroneus tertius 第三腓骨肌piriformis 梨状肌platysma 颈阔肌popliteal fossa 腘窝popliteus 腘肌pronator quadratus 旋前方肌pronator teres 旋前圆肌psoas major 腰大肌psoas minor 腰小肌quadratus femoris 股方肌quadratus lumborum 腰方肌quadriceps femoris 股四头肌TOPliflash@ 2008-09-23 00:55 |只看楼主 5# 字体大小: t Tquadrilateral foramen 四边孔rectus abdominis 腹直肌rhomboideus 菱形肌sartorius 缝匠肌scalene fissure 斜角肌间隙scalene anerior 前斜角肌scalenus medius 中斜角肌scalenus posterior 后斜角肌semimembranosus 半膜肌semitendinosus 半腱肌serratus anterior 前锯肌sesamoid bone 籽骨sheath of rectus abdominis 腹直肌鞘short muscle 短肌soleus 比目鱼肌splenius 夹肌sternocleidomastoid 胸锁乳突肌sternocostal *** 胸肋三角sternohyoid 胸骨舌骨肌stenothyroid胸骨甲状肌stylohyoid茎突舌骨肌subscapularis肩胛下肌superficial fascia浅筋膜superficial inguinal ring 腹股沟管浅(皮下)环supinator 旋后肌suprapiriformis foramen 梨状肌上孔supraspinatus 冈上肌synergist 协同肌synovial bursa 滑膜囊synovial layer 滑膜层synovial sheath of tendon 腱滑膜鞘temporalis 颞肌tendinous intersection 腱划tendinous sheath 腱鞘tendo calcaneus 跟腱tendon 肌腱tensor fasciae latae 阔筋膜张肌teres major 大圆肌teres minor 小圆肌thenar 鱼际thoracolumbar fascia 胸腰筋膜thyrohyoid 甲状舌骨肌tibialis posterior 胫骨后肌tibialis anterior 胫骨前肌transverse fascia 腹横筋膜transverses thoracis 胸横肌transverses abdominis 腹横肌trapezius 斜方肌triceps brachii 肱三头肌triceps surae 小腿三头肌trilateral foramen 三边孔vena caval foramen 腔静脉孔vincula tendinum 键纽voluntary muscle 随意肌TOPliflash@ 2008-09-23 00:55 |只看楼主 6# 字体大小: t Tquadrilateral foramen 四边孔rectus abdominis 腹直肌rhomboideus 菱形肌sartorius 缝匠肌scalene fissure 斜角肌间隙scalene anerior 前斜角肌scalenus medius 中斜角肌scalenus posterior 后斜角肌semimembranosus 半膜肌semitendinosus 半腱肌serratus anterior 前锯肌sesamoid bone 籽骨sheath of rectus abdominis 腹直肌鞘short muscle 短肌soleus 比目鱼肌splenius 夹肌sternocleidomastoid 胸锁乳突肌sternocostal *** 胸肋三角sternohyoid 胸骨舌骨肌stenothyroid胸骨甲状肌stylohyoid茎突舌骨肌subscapularis肩胛下肌superficial fascia浅筋膜superficial inguinal ring 腹股沟管浅(皮下)环supinator 旋后肌suprapiriformis foramen 梨状肌上孔supraspinatus 冈上肌synergist 协同肌synovial bursa 滑膜囊synovial layer 滑膜层synovial sheath of tendon 腱滑膜鞘temporalis 颞肌tendinous intersection 腱划tendinous sheath 腱鞘tendo calcaneus 跟腱tendon 肌腱tensor fasciae latae 阔筋膜张肌teres major 大圆肌teres minor 小圆肌thenar 鱼际thoracolumbar fascia 胸腰筋膜thyrohyoid 甲状舌骨肌tibialis posterior 胫骨后肌tibialis anterior 胫骨前肌transverse fascia 腹横筋膜transverses thoracis 胸横肌transverses abdominis 腹横肌trapezius 斜方肌triceps brachii 肱三头肌triceps surae 小腿三头肌trilateral foramen 三边孔vena caval foramen 腔静脉孔vincula tendinum 键纽voluntary muscle 随意肌 2、关节学 (arthrology) synosteology 关节学，关节解剖学articulation 连结，关节joint 关节，连结synovial joints 滑膜关节fibrous 纤维连结syndesmosis 韧带连结suture 缝cartilaginous joints 软骨连结synchondrosis (pl. synchondroses) (透明软骨)结合symphysis (pl.symphyses)(纤维软骨)联合synostosis (pl. synostoses synosteosis) 骨性结合articular surface (cavity) 关节面(腔)articular disk 关节盘articular labrum 关节唇articular capsule 关节囊fibrous layer (membrane) 纤维层，纤维膜synovial layer (membrane) 滑膜层，滑膜synovial fold (villi) 滑膜襞synovial fluid 滑液ligament (lig.) 韧带extracapsular lig. 囊外韧带intracapsular lig. 囊内韧带Action 动作，作用flexion,flexor (m.),flex (v.) 屈extension,extensor (m.), extense (v.) 伸adduction,addutor (m.), adduct (v.) 收abduction,abdutor (m.), abduct (v.) 展Medial (lateral) rotation 旋内(外) pronation,pronator (m.), pronate (v.) 旋前supination, supinator(m.), supinate(v.) 旋后circumduction 环转运动中轴骨骼的连结 (Joints of the Axial Skeleton)vertebral joints 椎骨连结yellow lig. 黄韧带ionterspinous lig. 棘间韧带intertransverse lig. 横突间韧带supraspinous lig. 棘上韧带Intervertebral symphysis 椎间联合interverbral discs 椎间盘Fibrous rings 纤维环Pulpiform nucleus 髓核Anterior longitudinal 前纵韧带Posterior longitudinal 前后韧带Zygapophysial joint 关节突关节Lumbosacral joint 腰骶连结Costovertebral joints 肋椎关节Joint of costal head 肋头关节Costotransverse joint 肋横突关节Sternocostal joints 胸肋关节Cranial suture 颅缝Coronal (sagittal) suture 冠矢状缝Lambdoid suture 人字缝Synchondroses of cranium 颅结合Temporomandibular joint 颞下颌关节附肢骨骼的连结 (Joints of the Appendicular Skeleton)joints of shoulder girdle 上肢带连结coracoacromial lig. 喙间韧带Coracoclavicular lig. 喙锁韧带Acromioclavicular joint 肩锁关节Sternoclavicular joint 胸锁关节Joints of free upper limb 自由上肢连结Shoulder joint 肩关节Elbow joint 肘关节Humeroulnar joint 肱尺关节Humeroradial joint 肱桡关节Joints of hand 手关节Radiocarpal joint ,wrist joint 桡腕关节，腕关节Intercarpal joints 腕骨间关节Carpometacarpal joints 腕掌关节Carpometacarpal joint of thumb 拇指腕掌关节Intermetacarpal joints掌骨间关节Metacarpophalangeal joints 掌指关节Interphalangeal joints of hand 指骨间关节Joints of pelvic girdle 下肢带连结Pubic symphysis 耻骨联合Interpubic disc 耻骨间盘Obturator membrane 闭孔膜Sacroiliac joints 骶髂关节Sacrotuberous lig. 骶结节韧带Greater (lesser) sciatic foramen 坐骨大(小)孔Pelvis 骨盆Terminal line 界线Greater (lesser) pelvis 大小骨盆Superior (posterior) pelvic aperture 骨盆上下口Pubic arch 耻骨弓Subpubic angle 耻骨下角Pelvic cavity 骨盆腔Joints of free lower limb 自由下肢连结Hip joint 髋关节Transverse acetabular lig. 髋臼横韧带Ligament of head of femur 股骨头韧带Knee joint 膝关节Medial (lateral) meniscus 内外侧半月板Transverse lig.of knee 膝横韧带Anterior cruciate lig. 前交叉韧带Posterior cruciate lig. 后交叉韧带Fibular (tibial) collateral lig. 腓(胫)侧副韧带Ligament of patella 髌韧带Tibiofibular joint 胫腓关节Tibiofibular syndesmosis 胫腓连结Crural interosseous membrane 小腿骨间膜Joints of foot 足关节talocrural joint, ankle joint 距小腿关节，踝关节intertarsal joints 跗骨间关节subtalar joint, talocalcaneal joint 距下关节，距跟关节transverse tarsal joint 跗横关节talocalcaneonavicular joint 距跟舟关节tarsometatarsal joint 跗跖关节intermetatarsal joints 跖骨间关节metatarsophalangeal joint 跖趾关节interphalangeal joints of foot 跖骨间关节arch of foot, tarsometatarsal arch 足弓，跗跖弓medial (lateral) longitudinal arch 内(外) 侧纵弓transverse arch 横弓一般解剖学术语 (General Anatomical Terms)dissection，dissect (v.) 解剖，解剖标本normality， normal (a.) 正常abnormality , abnormal 异常variation 变异deformity, malformation 畸形specimen 标本model 模型3. 方位术语 (Positional Terms) anatomical position 解剖学姿势(1) 方位的形容词(positional adjectives) inferior, lower 下superior, upper 上anterior 前侧posterior 后侧ventral (dorsal) 腹(背)侧medial (lateral) 内(外)侧intermediate 中间internal, interior, inner, inside 内external, exterior, outer, outside 外superficial 浅deep, profound 深proximal (distal) 近(远)侧ulnar (radial) 尺(桡)侧tibial (fibular) 胫(腓)侧palmar 掌侧plantar 足底left 左right 右middle 中median 正中(2) 轴和面(Axes and Planes)axis (pl. axes),axial (a.) 轴vertical (perpendicular) axis, longitudinal axis 垂直轴, 纵轴coronal (frontal) axis 冠(额)状轴sagittal axis 矢状轴plane (平)面horizontal (transverse) plane 水平面,横平面coronal (frontal) plane 冠(额)状面sagittal plane 矢状面median sagittal plane 正中矢状面transverse section 横切面longitudinal section 纵切面4. 人体的分部和分区(Toponym and Zonation of the Humanbody)头 (Head)heat 头(的)Skull，craniun，cranial (a.) 颅front, frontal, region 额区perietal region 顶区occiput, occipital region 枕区Face, facial (a.) 面orbit, orbital region 眶区nose, nasal region 鼻区mouth, oral region 口区chin, mental region 颌区ear, auditory region 耳区颈 (Neck)neck, collum, cervical & jugular (a.) 颈anterior region of neck, anterior of neck 颈前区carotid triangle 颈动脉三角muscular triangle 肌三角,肩胛舌骨肌气管三角sternocleidomastoid region 胸锁乳突肌区supraclavicular triangle 锁骨上三角posterior region of neck, nuchal region 颈后区,项区nape, nucha, nuchal (a.) 项root of neck 颈根部躯干 (Trunk)trunk, truncus 躯干Median anterior line 前正中线sternal line 胸骨线parasternal line 胸骨旁线midclavicular line 锁骨中线anterior (posterior) axillary line 腋前(后)线midaxillary line 腋中线scapular line 肩胛线median posterior line 后正中线Back, dorsal 背vertebral region 脊柱区sacral region 骶区scapular region 肩胛下区lumbar region 腰Chest, thorax, thoracic (a.) 胸sternal region 胸骨(前)区infraclavicular fossa 锁骨下窝Abdomen, abdominal (a.) 腹Hypochondriac 季肋区epigastric region 腹上区lateral region of abdomem 腹外侧区umbilical region 脐区inguinal region, iliac region, 腹股沟区，髂区inguinal triangle 腹股沟三角，海氏三角pubic region, hypogastric region 耻区，腹下区Pelvis,pelvic(a. ) 盆部Perineum,perineal (a.) 会阴anal region 肛区urogenital region 尿生殖区四肢 (Limbs)limbs, extremities 四肢Upper limbs (extremities) 上肢Shoulder 肩axilla, axillary region 腋区Free upper limb 自由上肢arm,brachial (a.) 臂anterior (posterior ) brachial region 臂前(后)区elbow, cubital, (a.) 肘forearm, antebrachial (a.) 前臂anterior (posterior ) antebrachial region 前臂前(后)区hand, manual (a.) 手wrist, carpal (a.) 腕palm, palmar, metacarpal (a.) 掌back (palm) of hand 手背(掌)finger, digital (a.) 手指thumb 拇指index finger 示指middle finger 中指ring finger 环指little finger 小指Lower limb 下肢hip, coxal (a.) 髋buttock, gluteal region 臀区Free lower limb 自由下肢anterior (posterior) region of thigh 股前(后)区femoral triangle 股三角medial region of thigh 股内侧区knee, geniculate (a.) 膝anterior (posterior) region of knee 膝前(后)区leg, crural (a.) 小腿anterior (posterior) crural region 小腿前(后)区foot, pedal (a.) 足dorsum of foot 足背sole, planta (pl. plantae) 足底toes 足趾great toe 足母趾二、各章解剖学词汇* (一)运动系统(Locomotor System)1(骨学 (Osteology )osteology 骨学* bone，bony 骨skeleton，skletal (a.) 骨骼long (short，flat) bone 长(短，扁)骨irregular bone 不规则骨pneumatic bone 含气骨sesamoid bone 籽骨，shaft，diaphysis 骨干，骨体bony(osseous)substance 骨质compact(spongy)bone 骨密(松)质trabeculae 骨小梁periosteum (外)膜endosteum 骨内膜medullary 髓腔red(yellow)bone marrow 红(黄)骨髓中轴骨骼(Axial Skeleton)躯干骨(Bones of Trunk)* Vertebral(spinel)column 脊柱* vertebral canal 椎管intervertebral foramen 椎间孔cervical (thoracic, lumbar, sacral) curvature 颈(胸，腰，骶)曲vertebra ( pl. vertebrae) 椎骨vertebral body (arch) 椎体(弓) pedicle of vertebral arch 椎弓根lamina of vertebral arch 椎弓板vertebral foramen 椎孔spinous process 棘突transverse process 横突superior (inferior) articular process 上(下) 关节突cervical vertebrae 颈椎atlas 寰椎axis 枢椎prominent vertebrae 隆椎thoracic vertebrae胸椎lumbar vertebrae 腰椎sacrum,sacral bone 骶骨coccyx 尾骨thoracic cavity 胸腔superior (inferior) aperture of thorax 胸廓上下口costal arch 肋弓intercostals space 肋间隙infrasternal angle 胸骨下角* ribs ,costa(costae) 肋* sternum 胸骨Sternal manubrium 胸骨柄Sternal angle (body) 胸骨角(体)Xiphoid process 剑突颅骨(skull)cerebral cranium 脑颅cranial cavity颅腔calvaria 颅盖pterion 翼点jugular foramen颈静脉孔internal surface of base of skull 颅底内面anterior (middle,posterior) cranial fossa 颅前中，后)窝facial cranium 面颅orbit 眶bony nasal cavity 骨性鼻腔piriform aperture,anterior nasal aperture 梨状孔，鼻前孔posterior nasal aperture鼻后孔bony septum of nose 骨鼻中隔superior (middle, inferior) meatus of nose 上(中,下)鼻道temporal fossa 颞窝zugomatic arch 颧弓infratemporal fossa 颞下窝pterygopalatine fossa 翼腭窝cranial fontaelles 颅囟anterior (posterior) fontanelle 前(后)囟anterolateral (posterolateral) fontanelle前(后)外侧囟cranial bones 脑颅骨occipital bone 枕骨large foramen of occipital bone 枕骨大孔external occipital protuberance枕外隆凸superior (inferior) nuchal line 上(下)项线sulcus for transverse sinus, transverse sulcus 横窦沟sphenoid bone 蝶骨hypophyseal fossa 垂体窝optic canal 视神经管round (oval,spinous)foramen 圆(卵圆，棘)孔temporal bone 颞骨petrous part 岩部mastoid process 乳突carotid canal 颈动脉管tympanic tegmen 鼓室盖arcuate eminence 弓状隆起trigeminal impression 三叉神经压迹internal acoustic pore (port) 内耳门internal acoustic meatus (canal) 内耳道jugular fossa 颈静脉窝styloid process 茎突stylomastoid foramen 茎乳孔facial canal 面神经管external acoustic pore (canal ) 外耳门(道) parietal,parietal bone 顶骨parietal tuber (foramen) 顶结节(孔)frontal bone 额骨frontal squama (tuber) 额鳞(结节) superciliary arch 眉弓supraorbital notch (foramen) 眶上切迹fossa for lacrimal gland 泪腺窝ethmoid bone 筛骨cribriform plate (foramen) 筛板(孔)facial bones 面颅骨inferior nasal concha 下鼻甲lacrimal bone 泪骨nasal bone鼻骨vomer梨骨* maxilla上颌骨palatine bone 腭骨zygomatic bone 颧骨* mandible 下颌骨ramous(angle) of mandible 下颌支(角)masseteric tuberosity 咬肌粗隆coronoid process 冠突condylar process 髁突hyoid bone 舌骨附肢骨骼(Appendicular skeleton)shoulder girdle 上肢带骨，肩带骨scapula 肩胛骨acromion 肩峰superior(medial,lateral)border 上(下，外侧)缘coracoid process 喙突superior (inferior, lateral) angle上(下，外侧)角glenoid cavity关节盂* clavicle 锁骨bones of free upper limb 自由上肢骨* Humerus 肱骨head of humerus 肱骨头anatomical(surgical)neck 解剖(外科)颈greater(lesser)tubercle 大(小)结节crest of greater(lesser)tubercle大(小)结节嵴sulcus (groove)for radial n. 桡神经沟deltoid tuberosity 三角肌粗隆trochlea of humerus 肱骨滑车olecranon (coronoid, radial) fossa 鹰嘴 (冠突，桡)窝medial (lateral) epicondyle 内(外)上髁sulcus for ulnar nerve 尺神经沟* radius 桡骨head (neck) of radius 桡骨头(颈)articular circumference 环状关节面radial tuberosity 桡骨粗隆interosseous border 骨间缘styloid process 茎突ulnal notch 尺切迹carpal articular surface 腕关节面* uana 尺骨olecranon 鹰嘴coronoid process 冠突ulnal tuberosity 尺骨粗隆trochleal(radial)notch 滑车(桡)切迹head of ulna 尺骨头bones of hand 手骨carpal bones 腕骨scaphoid bone 手舟骨lunate bone 月骨triangular bone 三角骨pisiform bone 豌豆骨trapezium bone 大多角骨trapezoid bone 小多角骨capitate bone 头状骨hamate bone 钩骨hamulus (hook) of hamate bone钩骨钩Metacarpal bones 掌骨phalanges(bones) of fingers 指骨proximal (middle, distal) phalanx近(中，远)指(或趾)骨下肢骨 (Bones of lower limb)pelvic girdle 下肢带骨，盆带骨* hip bone 髋骨acetabulum 髋臼acetabular fossa (notch) 髋臼窝(切迹) obturator foramen 闭孔* Ilium 髂骨body (ala) of ilium 髂骨体(翼)arcuate line 弓状线iliac crest 髂嵴Tubercle 髂结节Anterior superior (inferior) iliac spine 髂前上(下)棘Posterior superior (inferior) iliac spine髂后上(下)棘Iliac fossa 髂窝Auricular surface 耳状面Iliac tuberosity 髂粗隆* Ischium 坐骨Greater (lesser) sciatic notch 坐骨大(小) 切迹* Pubis 耻骨Symphsial surface 耻骨联合面superior (inferior) ramus of pubis 耻骨上下支ililopubic eminence 髂耻隆起pecten of pubis 耻骨梳bones of free lower limb 自由下肢骨* femur 股骨fovea of femoral head 股骨头凹head (neck) of femur 股骨头(颈)greater (lesser) trochanter 大小转子intertrochanteric line 转子间线intertrochanteric crest 转子间嵴linea aspera,rough line of femur 粗线pectineal line 耻骨肌线gluteal tuberosity 臀肌粗隆popliteal surface腘面medial (lateral) condyle 内(外)侧髁adductor tubercle 收肌结节intercondylar fossa 髁间窝medial (lateral) epicondyle 内外上髁patella 髌骨* tibia 胫骨intercondylar eminence 髁间隆起shaft (tuberosity) of tibia 胫骨体粗隆soleal line 比目鱼肌线medial (lateral) malleolus 内外髁Fibula,perone 腓骨bones of foot 足骨tarsal bones 跗骨talus 距骨calcaneus 跟骨navicular bone 足舟骨medial cuneiform bone内侧楔骨lateral cuneiform bone 中间楔骨intermediate cuneiform bone 内侧楔骨cuboid bone 骰骨metatarsal bones 跖骨phalanges (bones) of toes 趾骨 3(肌学 (mycology) muscle (m.) 肌肉cardiac muscle 心肌。
医学英语——常用解剖术语
医学英语——常用解剖术语1、总论[Introduction]superior[上]inferior[下]Cranial[头侧]Caudal[尾侧]anterior[前]posterior[后]ventral[腹侧]dorsal[背侧]medial[内侧]lateral[外侧]internal[内]external[外]superficial[浅]profundal[深]proximal[近侧]distal[远侧]ulnar[尺侧]radial[桡侧]tibial[胫侧]fibular[腓侧]2、运动系统[locomotor （kinetic）system]vertebrae[椎骨]cervical vevtebrae[颈椎]thoracic vertebrae[胸椎]lumbar vertebrae[腰椎]sacrum[骶骨]sternum[胸骨]rib[肋骨]thoracic cage[胸廓]skull[颅]frontal bone[额骨]parietal bone[顶骨]occipital bone[枕骨]temporal bone[颞骨]sphenoid bone[蝶骨]ethmoid bone[筛骨]mandible （submaxilla）[下颌骨]maxilla （supermaxilla）[上颌骨]nasal bone[鼻骨]coronal （sagital，lambdoid）suture [冠状（矢状，人字）缝]orbit[眶]clavicle[锁骨]scapula （shoulder blade）[肩胛骨]sternum （breast bone）[胸骨]manubrium sterni （presternum）[胸骨柄]midsternum[胸骨体]xiphoid[剑突]humerus[肱骨]radius[桡骨]ulna[尺骨]carpal bone[腕骨] metacarpal bone [掌骨] phalanges[指（趾）骨] hip bone[髋骨]ilium[髂骨]ischium [坐骨]pubis[耻骨]femur [股骨]patella[髌骨]tibia[胫骨]fibula [腓骨]articulation[关节]ligament[韧带]flexion[屈]extension[伸]adduction[收]abduction[展] medial rotation[旋内] lateral rotation[旋外]pronation[旋前]supination[旋后]circumductoin[环转]vertebral column[脊柱]intervertebral disc[椎间盘] temporal-mandibular joint[颞下颌关节] shoulder joint[肩关节]elbow joint[肘关节]radiocarpal joint[肩关节]radiocarpal joint[桡腕关节]pelvis[骨盆]hip joint[髋关节]knee joint[膝关节]ankle joint[踝关节]muscle [肌肉]tendon[肌腱]fascia[筋膜]tendinous sheath[腱鞘]trapezius[斜方肌]latissimus dorsi[背阔肌]sternocleidomastoid[胸锁乳突的]scalenus [斜角肌]pectoralis major[胸大肌]intercostales[肋间肌]diaphragm[膈肌]inguinal canal[腹股沟管]masseter[咬肌]temporalis[颞肌]deltoid[三角肌]biceps brachii[肱二头肌]triceps brachii[肱三头肌] axillary fossa [腑窝] gluteus maximus[臀大肌]piriformis[梨状肌]sartorius[缝匠肌] quadriceps femoris[股四头肌] triceps surae[小腿三头肌]femoral triangle[股三角]3、内脏[Viscera]viscera[内脏]oral cavity[口腔]lip[唇]cheek[颊]palate[腭]tooth[牙]dentes[牙]tongue[舌]parotid gland[腮腺]pharynx[咽]esophagus[食管]stomach gaster[胃]duodenum[十二指肠]jejunum[空肠]ileum [回肠]large intestine[大肠]caecum[盲肠] vermiform （appendix）[阑尾]colon[结肠]rectum[直肠]anal canal[肛管]dentate line[齿状线]anus[肛门]liver （hepar）[肝]porta hepatis[肝门]gallblader[胆囊]pancreas[胰]nose[鼻]nasal cavity[鼻腔]paranasal sinus[鼻旁窦]larynx[喉]laryngeal cavity[喉腔]vocal cord[声带]trachea[气管]bronchi[支气管]lung [肺]pulmonary[肺的]pleura[胸膜]mediastinum[纵隔]kidney[肾]renal pilvis[肾盂]ureter[输尿管]urinary bladder[膀胱]urethra[尿道]testis[睾丸]epididymis[附睾] ductus deferens[输精管]spermatic cord[精索]prostate[前列腺]scrotum[阴囊]penis[阴茎]ovary[卵巢]uterine tube[输卵管]uterus[子宫]vagina[阴道]clitoris[阴蒂] mamma （breast）[乳房]mammary papilla （nipple）[乳头]perineum[会阴]pelvic diaphragm[盆膈]peritoneum[腹膜]omentum[网膜]4、心血管系统[Cardiovascular system]heart[心]artery[动脉]vein[静脉]capillary[毛细血管]atrium[心房]ventricle[心室]tricuspid valve[三尖瓣]bicuspid valve[二尖瓣]aortic valve[主动脉瓣]pulmonary valve[肺动脉瓣]sinuatrial node[窦房结]atrioventricular node[房室结]atrioventricular bundle[房室束] right/left bundle branch[右/左束支]coronary artery[冠状动脉]coronary sinus[冠状窦]pericardium[心包]aorta[主动脉]innominate artery[无名动脉（头臂干）]common carotid artery[颈总动脉]carotid sinus [颈动脉窦]internal（external）carotid artery[颈内（外）动脉]facial artery[面动脉]subclavian artery[锁骨下动脉]mesenteric artery[肠系膜动脉]common iliac artery[髂总动脉]popliteal artery [腘动脉]vena cava [腔静脉]internal jugular vein[颈内静脉]cephalic vein[头静脉]basilic vein[贵要静脉]saphenous vein[隐静脉]lymphatic duct[淋巴导管]thoracic duct[胸导管]lymph node[淋巴结]spleen[脾]thymus[胸腺]5、感觉器[sense organs]sensory organ[感觉器]receptor[感受器]visual organ[视器]eyeball [眼球]cornea[角膜]sclera[巩膜]choroid [脉络膜]ciliary body[睫状体]iris[虹膜]retina[视网膜]optic disc[视神经盘]macula lutea[黄斑]aqueous humor[房水]lens[晶状体]vitreous body[玻璃体]eyelid [眼睑]conjunctiva[结膜]lacrimal gland[泪腺]vestibulocochlear organ[前庭蜗器]ear（auris）[耳]auricle[耳廓]acoustic meatus[耳道]tympanic cavity[鼓室]tympanic membrane[鼓膜]pharyngotympanic tube [咽鼓管]bony（membranous）labyrinth[骨（膜）迷路]vestibule [前庭]semicircular canal[半规管]cochlea[耳蜗]cochlear duct[蜗管]olfactory organ[嗅器]gustatory organ[味器]taste bud[味蕾]skin[皮肤]6、神经系统[Nervous system] central nervous system[中枢神经系统] peripheral nervous system[周围神经系统] visceral nerve[内脏神经医学教.育网搜集] afferent nerve[传入神经]efferent nerve[传出神经]neuron[神经元]axon [轴突]dendrite[树突]glia [神经胶质]gray matter [灰质]white matter[白质]cortex[皮质]madulla[髓质]nucleus[神经质]ganglion[神经节]fasciculus[神经束]nerve[神经]spinal nerve[脊神经]cervical plexus[颈丛]brachial plexus[臂丛]lumbar plexus[腰丛]sacral plexus [骶丛]phrenic nerve[膈神经]median nerve[正中神经]ulnar nerve[尺神经]radial nerve[桡神经]femoral nerve[股神经]ischiatic nerve[坐骨神经] common peroneal nerve[腓总神经] cranial nerve[颅（脑）神经]olfactory nerve[嗅神经]optic nerve[视神经]oculomotor nerve[动眼神经]trochlear nerve[滑车神经]trigeminal verve[三叉神经]abducent nerve[展神经]facial nerve[面神经] vestibulocochlear nerve[前庭蜗神经] glossopharyngeal nerve[舌咽神经] vagus nerve[迷走神经]accessary nerve[副神经]hypoglossal nerve[舌下神经] autonomic nervous system[自主神经] vegetative nervous system[植物神经] sympathetic nerve[交感神经] parasympathetic nerve[副交感神经]spinal cord[脊髓]encephalon （brain）[脑]brain stem[脑干]medulla oblongata[延髓]pons [脑桥]mesencephalon[中脑]midbrain[中脑]cerebellum[小脑]diencephalon[间脑]thalamus[丘脑]hypothalamus[下丘脑]hypophysis[垂体]telencephalon[端脑]cerebrum[大脑]cerebral cortex[大脑皮质]corpus striatum[纹状体]internal capsule[内囊]spinothalamic tract[皮质脊髓束]medial lemniscus[内侧丘系]lateral lemniscus[外侧丘系]spinal lemniscus[脊髓丘系]trigeminal lemniscus[三叉丘系]7、体表标记[Anatomic marks]naso-labial groove[鼻唇沟]suprasternal fossa[胸骨上窝]supraclavicular fossa[锁骨上窝]infraclavicular fossa[锁骨下窝]armpit （axillary fossa）[腋窝]midsternal （midian）line[胸骨中线（正中线）]anterior midian line[前正中线]parasternal line[胸骨旁线]midclavicular line[锁骨中线]mammillary （nipple，milk）line[乳线]posterior （mid-，anterior）axillary line[腋后（中，前）线]scapular line[肩胛线]midspinal line[脊柱中线]dorsomedian line[后正中线]linea paravertebralis [脊椎旁线]the left （right）upper abdomen （quadrant）[左（右）上腹]epigastrium[上腹部]the middle abdomen[中腹部]the lower abdomen[下腹部]linea pararectalis[腹直肌旁线]anterior superior spine[髂前上棘] symphysis pubis （symphysion）[耻骨联合]ischial tuberosity[坐骨结节]groin （inguen）[腹股沟]popliteal fossa[腘窝]upper extremity（limb）[上肢]lower extremity（limb）[下肢]posterior superior spine[髂后上嵴] anterior （dorsal）part of chest（前（后）胸部）scapular region[肩胛区]anterior （posterior）fontanelle[前（后）囱]。
常用解剖学英文词汇
常用解剖学英语词汇1绪论、骨及骨连结总论、躯干骨bone[bon]骨bone marrow['mæro] 骨髓periosteum[,peri'ɔstiəm] 骨膜compact bone [kəm'pækt]骨密质spongy bone['spʌndʒɪ] 骨松质long bone 长骨vertebrae椎骨vertebral foramen['və:tibrəl] ['formən] 椎孔atlas['ætləs] 寰椎cervical vertebrae['sə:vikəl] 颈椎axis['æksis] 枢椎lumbar vertebrae['lʌmbə] 腰椎thoracic vertebrae[θɔ:'ræsik] 胸椎coccyx['kɔksiks] 尾骨Sternum ['stə:nəm] 胸骨sacrum ['seikrəm] 骶骨ribs[rib] 肋articulation[ɑ:.tikju'leiʃən] 关节2躯干骨连结、上肢骨及其连结vertebral column['kɑləm] 脊柱vertebral canal[kə'næl] 椎管thoracic cage 胸廓ligament['ligəmənt] 韧带clavicle['klævikl] 锁骨scapula ['skæpjulə] 肩胛骨humerus ['hju:mərəs] 肱骨ulna['ʌlnə] 尺骨radius['reidiəs] 桡骨carpal bone s ['kɑ:pəl] 腕骨metacarpal[,metə'kɑ:pl] 掌骨phalanges of fingers['fælændʒ] 指骨shoulder join t 肩关节elbow joint 肘关节wrist joint腕关节3下肢骨及其连结hip bone[hip]髋骨ilium['iliəm] 髂骨ischium['iskiəm] 坐骨pubis['pju:bis] 耻骨femur['fi:mə] 股骨tibia['tibiə] 胫骨fibula['fibjulə]腓骨tarsal bones['tɑ:sl] 跗骨arches of foot [ɑ:tʃ] 足弓hip joint 髋关节knee join t 膝关节ankle joint 踝关节4颅骨及其连结skull[skʌl] 颅frontal bone['frʌntl] 额骨parietal bone[pə'raiitl] 顶骨sphenoid bone['sfi:nɔid] 蝶骨temporal bone['tempərəl] 颞骨ethmoid bone[eθ'mɔid] 筛骨maxilla[mæk'silə] 上颌骨mandible['mændibl] 下颌骨orbit['ɔ:bit] 眶frontal sinus['sainəs] 额窦sphenoidal sinus['sfi:nɔid] 蝶窦maxillary sinus[mæk'siləri] 上颌窦fontanelle[,fɔntə'nel] 囟suture['sju:tʃə] 缝hypophysial fossa[hai'pɔfəsis] ：['fɔsə] 垂体窝foramen magnum of the occipital bone['formən] ['mægnəm] [ɔk'sipitl] 枕骨大孔5肌总论、头颈肌躯干肌muscle['mʌsl] 肌肉tendon['tendən] 腱trapezius[trə'pi:ziəs] 斜方肌pectoralis major['pektərəlz] 胸大肌sternocleidomastoid['stə:nəu,klaidə'mæstɔid] 胸锁乳突肌diaphragm['daiəfræm] 膈inguinal ligament['iŋgwinəl] ：['ligəmənt] 腹股沟韧带obliquus externus abdominis：[əb'li:k] [eks'tə:n] [æb'dɔminəl]腹外斜肌linea alba['liniə] 白线6上、下肢肌biceps brachii ['baiseps]['breikiai]肱二头肌triceps brachii['traiseps] 肱三头肌pronator teres['prəuneiter] ：[tə'ri:sə] 旋前圆肌deltoid ['deltɔid]三角肌gluteus maximus[glu:'ti:əs] ：['mæksiməs] 臀大肌quadriceps femoris['kwɔdriseps] ['feməris] 股四头肌patella ligament[pə'telə] 髌韧带7内脏学总论消化系统（一）：口腔—食管Digestive System [di'dʒestiv] 消化系统oral cavity ['kæviti] 口腔teeth 牙tongue 舌salivary glands ['sælivəri] [glænds] 唾液腺pharynx ['færiŋks]咽esophagus [i:'sɔfəgəs] 食管8消化系统（二）：胃—消化腺stomach 胃duodenum [.dju:ə'di:nəm] 十二指肠small intestine [in'testin] 小肠jejunum [dʒi'dʒu:nəm] 空肠ileum ['iliəm] 回肠large intestine 大肠cecum ['si:kəm] 盲肠vermifrom appendix ['və:mifɔ:m] [ə'pendiks] 阑尾sigmoid colon ['sigmɔid] ['kəulən]乙状结肠colon 结肠rectum ['rektəm]直肠liver 肝hepatic duct [hi'pætik]肝管gallbladder ['gɔ:l,blædə] 胆囊common bile duct [bail] 胆总管bile 胆汁pancreas ['pæŋkriəs] 胰。
医学英语解剖学
医学英语解剖学解剖学1.呼吸系统 respiratory system鼻 nose 鼻腔 nasal cavity 鼻旁窦 paranasal sinus 喉 larynx甲状软骨 thyroid cartilage 环状软骨 cricoid cartilage主支气管bronchi 肺 lung 胸膜 pleura 纵隔 mediastinum 气管trachea2.心血管系统心 heart动脉 artery静脉 vein毛细血管 capillary体循环 great circulation 肺循环 lesser circulation ( pulmonary circulation)心底 cardiac base心尖 cardiac apex右心房 right atrium右心耳 right auricle上腔静脉口 orifice of superior vena cava下腔静脉口 orifice of inferior vena cava冠状窦口 open of coronary sinus 梳状肌pectineus m.右心室 right ventricle 室上嵴 supraventricular crest右房室口 right atrioventricular orifice 三尖瓣tricuspid valve 腱索 tendinous cord 乳头肌 papillary muscle肺动脉口 pulmonary orifice 肺动脉瓣 pulmonary valve左心房 left atrium 左心室 left ventricle左房室口left atrioventricular orifice二尖瓣 bicuspid valve主动脉口 aortic orifice 主动脉瓣 aortic心内膜 endocardium 心外膜epicardium心肌层 myocardium房间隔 interatrial septum 室间隔 interventricular septum心传导系统 conduction system of the heart 窦房结 sinoatrial node 房室结 atrioventricular node房室束 atrioventricular bundle 蒲肯野纤维Purkinje fiber左冠状动脉left coronary artery. 冠状窦 coronary sinus心包 pericardium 肺动脉干 pulmonary (artery) trunk 主动脉 aorta 动脉 artery静脉 vein主动脉升部 asscending part of aorta 主动脉弓arch of the aorta 头臂干brachiocephalic trunk颈总动脉 common carotid artery. 颈动脉窦 carotid sinus颈内动脉 internal carotid artery. 颈外动脉 external carotid artery.锁骨下动脉 subclavian artery. 肱动脉 brachial artery.桡动脉 radial artery.胸主动脉 thoracic part of aorta 腹主动脉 abdominal part of aorta 肝总动脉 common hepatic a.胃-十二指肠动脉gastroduodenal a.脾动脉 splenic a.胃网膜右动脉right gastroepiploic肠系膜上动脉 superior mesenteric a. 肠系膜下动脉 inferior mesenteric a.髂总动脉common iliac a. 脐动脉 umbilical a.足背动脉 dorsal pedal a. 肺静脉 pulmonary v.上腔静脉 superior vena cava 锁骨下静脉 subclavian v.头静脉 cephalic v. 贵要静脉 basilic v.肘正中静脉 median cubital v.奇静脉 azygos v.毛细淋巴管 capillary lymphatic淋巴管 lymphatic vessel淋巴干 lymphatic trunk胸导管 thoracic duct淋巴结lymph node 脾spleen胸腺 thymus3.消化系统 digestive system口腔 oral cavity口唇oral lips腭 palate牙釉质 enamdentine舌 tongue口腔腺oral gland腮腺 parotid gland下颌下腺 submandibular舌下腺 sublingual glang咽 pharynx腭扁桃体palatine tonsil食管 esophagus 胃 stomach十二指肠 duodenum 小肠 small intestine空肠jejunum回肠 ileum盲肠 cecum大肠large intestine阑尾 vermiform appendix横结肠 transverse colon升结肠 ascending colon 降结肠 descending colon乙状结肠 sigmoid colon 直肠 rectum肝 liver 胆囊 gall bladder 胆总管 common bile duct 胰 pancreas 腹膜peritoneum 小网膜 lesser omentum 大网膜 greater omentum 系膜 mesentery 韧带 ligament4.泌尿系统urinary system肾 kidneys 输尿管 ureter 膀胱 urinary bladder 尿道 urethra5.生殖系统睾丸testis 附睾 epididymis 输精管 ductus deferens 精索 spermatic cord 精囊腺 seminal vesicle 前列腺 prostate 尿道球腺 bulbo-urethral gland 阴茎 penis阴囊 scrotum 男性尿道 male urethra 卵巢ovaries 输卵管 uterine tube子宫 uterus 阴道 vagina 乳房 breast 会阴 Perineum6.内分泌系统下丘脑 hypothalamus 垂体 hypophysis 松果体 pineal body 甲状腺thyroid gland 甲状旁腺 parathyroid glands 肾上腺 suprarenal glands 胰岛 islets of Pancreas7.视听器眼球eye ball 角膜cornea巩膜 sclera 虹膜 iris睫状体 cililary body 脉络膜 choroid 视网膜 retina视神经乳头 optic nerve disc房水 humor aqueous 晶状体 lens玻璃体 vitreous body眼睑 eyelids结膜 conjunctiva泪器 lacrimal apparatus泪腺 lacrimal gland泪小管 lacrimal canaliculus泪囊 lacrimal sac 或dacryocyst 鼻泪管 nasolacrimal canal眼动脉 ophthalmic artery 视网膜中央动脉 central artery of retina 耳廓 auricle 外耳道 external acoustic meatus鼓膜 tympanic membrane 中耳 middle ear 咽鼓管 pharyngo-tympanic tube 内耳 internal ear骨迷路 bony labyrinth 耳蜗 cochlea前庭 vestibule 骨半规管 bony semicircular canals 膜迷路 membranous labyrinth 膜半规管 membranous semicircular canals 蜗管cochlear duct 内耳道 internal acoustic meatus8.神经系统nervous system神经元 neuron 树突 dendrite 突触 synapse感觉神经元 sensory neuron神经胶质 neuroglia 运动神经元 motor neuron反射 reflex 白质 white substance反射弧 reflex arc灰质 gray substance皮质 cortex髓质 medulla神经核 nucleus神经节 ganglion纤维传导束 tract网状结构 reticular formation周围神经系统 peripheral nervous system 脊神经 spinal nerve正中神经 median nerve尺神经 ulnar nerve桡神经 radial nerve肋间神经 intercostals nerve嗅神经 olfactory nerve视神经 optic nerve 动眼神经 oculomotor nerve睫状神经节 ciliary ganglion 滑车神经trochlear nerve三叉神经 trigeminal nerve眼神经 ophthalmic nerve上颌神经 maxillary nerve下颌神经 mandibular nerve展神经 abducent nerve面神经 facial nerve前庭蜗神经 vestibulocochlear nerve 舌咽神经 glossopharyngeal nerves 迷走神经 vagus nerves副神经 accessory nerves舌下神经 hypoglossal nerves 脊髓 spinal cord脑干 brain stem延髓 medulla oblongata脑桥 pons cerebelli中脑 midbrain第四脑室 fourth ventricle锥体束 pyramidal tract锥体外系 extrapyramidal system小脑 cerebellum间脑 diencephalon下丘脑 hypothalamus 第三脑室 third ventricleVentricle 室,小室,心室,脑室大脑(端脑) cerebrum (telencephalon)基底核 basal nuclei内囊 internal capsule 侧脑室lateral ventricle硬脊膜 spinal dura mater硬脑膜 cerebral dura mater蛛网膜 arachnoid membrane软膜 pia mater血脑屏障 blood-brain barrier脑脊液 cerebrospinal fluid交感神经 sympathetic nerve副交感神经 parasympathetic nerve。
人体解剖学英语单词
人体解剖学英语单词运动系统(1)anatomy 解剖学locomotor system 运动系统skeleton 骨骼joint关节ligament韧带(2)Vertebra 椎骨sacrum 骶骨sternal angle 胸骨角rib 肋骨thorax 胸廓(3)Skull 头盖骨facial bones面颅cranial bones颅骨frontal bone额骨temporomandibular joint颞下颌关节(4)Scapula肩胛骨humerus肱骨shoulder joint肩关节elbow joint肘关节radiocarpal joint 桡腕关节(5)Hip bone髋骨femur股骨tibia胫骨fibula腓骨knee joint 膝关节消化系统(1)alimentary system消化系统oral cavity口腔tongue舌pharynx 咽esophagus食管(2)Stomach胃small intestine小肠rectum直肠liver肝pancreas 胰腺呼吸系统respiratory system呼吸系统larynx喉bronchus支气管trachea气管lung肺泌尿系统urinary system泌尿系统kidney肾ureter 输尿管urinary bladder膀胱urethra尿道生殖系统Genital system生殖系统testis睾丸prostate前列腺ovary卵巢uterus子宫脉管系统cardiovascular system心血管系统atrium心房ventricle心室mitral valve二尖瓣coronary artery冠状动脉pulmonary a 肺动脉aorta主动脉common carotid a 颈总动脉celiac trunk 腹腔干common iliac a髂总动脉视器Cornea 角膜iris虹膜retina 视网膜lens 晶状体conjunctiva结膜前庭蜗器vestibulocochlear organ前庭蜗器auricle耳廓external acoustic meatus外耳道tympanic cavity鼓室labyrinth迷路神经系统nucleus神经核ganglion神经节olfactory nerve嗅神经optic nerve视神经oculomotor nerve动眼神经trochlear nerve 滑车神经trigeminal nerve三叉神经abducent nerve 展神经vagus nerve迷走神经hypoglossal nerve 舌下神经phrenic n 膈神经brachial plexus臂丛sciatic n 坐骨神经sympathetic trunk交感干parasympathetic n 副交感神经脊髓spinal cord 脊髓conus medullaris脊髓圆锥cervical enlargement颈膨大lumbosacral enlargement腰骶膨大cauda equina马尾脑干brain stem 脑干medulla oblongata 延髓pons 脑桥midbrain 中脑rhomboid fossa菱形窝间脑、小脑、端脑、脑脊膜、脑血管、脑脊液Cerebellum 小脑diencephalon间脑thalamus丘脑telencephalon端脑cerebral spinal fluid脑脊液注：Skull 不肯定。
人体解剖学英语单词
人体解剖学英语单词运动系统(1)anatomy 解剖学locomotor system 运动系统skeleton 骨骼joint关节ligament韧带(2)Vertebra 椎骨sacrum 骶骨sternal angle 胸骨角rib 肋骨thorax 胸廓(3)Skull 头盖骨facial bones面颅cranial bones颅骨frontal bone额骨temporomandibular joint颞下颌关节(4)Scapula肩胛骨humerus肱骨shoulder joint肩关节elbow joint肘关节radiocarpal joint 桡腕关节(5)Hip bone髋骨femur股骨tibia胫骨fibula腓骨knee joint 膝关节消化系统(1)alimentary system消化系统oral cavity口腔tongue舌pharynx 咽esophagus食管(2)Stomach胃small intestine小肠rectum直肠liver肝pancreas 胰腺呼吸系统respiratory system呼吸系统larynx喉bronchus支气管trachea气管lung肺泌尿系统urinary system泌尿系统kidney肾ureter 输尿管urinary bladder膀胱urethra尿道生殖系统Genital system生殖系统testis睾丸prostate前列腺ovary卵巢uterus子宫脉管系统cardiovascular system心血管系统atrium心房ventricle心室mitral valve二尖瓣coronary artery冠状动脉pulmonary a 肺动脉aorta主动脉common carotid a 颈总动脉celiac trunk 腹腔干common iliac a髂总动脉视器Cornea 角膜iris虹膜retina 视网膜lens 晶状体conjunctiva结膜前庭蜗器vestibulocochlear organ前庭蜗器auricle耳廓external acoustic meatus外耳道tympanic cavity鼓室labyrinth迷路神经系统nucleus神经核ganglion神经节olfactory nerve嗅神经optic nerve视神经oculomotor nerve动眼神经trochlear nerve 滑车神经trigeminal nerve三叉神经abducent nerve 展神经vagus nerve迷走神经hypoglossal nerve 舌下神经phrenic n 膈神经brachial plexus臂丛sciatic n 坐骨神经sympathetic trunk交感干parasympathetic n 副交感神经脊髓spinal cord 脊髓conus medullaris脊髓圆锥cervical enlargement颈膨大lumbosacral enlargement腰骶膨大cauda equina马尾脑干brain stem 脑干medulla oblongata 延髓pons 脑桥midbrain 中脑rhomboid fossa菱形窝间脑、小脑、端脑、脑脊膜、脑血管、脑脊液Cerebellum 小脑diencephalon间脑thalamus丘脑telencephalon端脑cerebral spinal fluid脑脊液注：Skull 不肯定。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性，平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益，请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间：9:00-18:30)。
**解剖学anatomy**人体解剖学human anatomy**系统解剖学systematic anatomy, descriptive anatomy **局部解剖学topographic anatomy, regional anatomy **应用解剖学applied anatomy**临床解剖学clinical anatomy**外科解剖学surgical anatomy**解剖学姿势anatomical position*矢状面sagittal plane*正中矢状面median(or midsagittal) plane*冠状面（或额状面）coronal(or frontal) plane*横切面（或水平面）transverse(or horizontal) plane前面（或腹侧面）anterior(or ventral) surface后面（或背侧面）posterior(or dorsal) surface上端（或颅端）superior(or cranial) end下端（或尾端）inferior(or caudal) end内侧（尺侧或胫侧）缘medial(ulnar or tibial)border外侧（桡侧或腓侧）缘lateral(radial or fibular)border近侧端（或上端）proximal(or upper) end远侧端（或下端）distal(or lower) end内面internal(or interior)surface外面external(or exterior)surface浅层superficial layer深层deep layer*头head*颅cranium, skull*额front*枕occipit*耳ear*面face*眼eye*鼻nose*口mouth唇lip*颈neck, cervix, collum *躯干trunk*背back*胸thorax, chest*腹abdomen脐umbilicus*盆部pelvis四肢limbs, extremities *上肢upper limb*肩shoulder腋axilla*臂arm*肘elbow*前臂forearm腕wrist掌palm*鱼际thenar*小鱼际hypothenar*手指finger*拇指thumb示指index finger*下肢lower limb *髋hip*股（又称大腿) thigh*膝knee*小腿leg*踝ankle, malleolus *足foot跗tarsus跖sole*趾toe骨及骨连结bone and joint*骨学osteology **骨骼skeleton*骨骼系统skeletal system**骨bone中轴骨axial skeleton附肢骨appendicular skeleton*长骨long bone*短骨short bone*扁骨flat bone*不规则骨irregular bone**骨密质compact bony substance **骨松质spongy bony substance **骨膜periosteum骨内膜endosteum*黄骨髓yellow bony marrow**红骨髓red bony marrow骺epiphysis骨干diaphysis干骺端metaphysis*骺软骨epiphysial cartilage*骺线epiphysial line滋养孔nutrient foramen髓腔medullary cavity突process隆起eminence粗隆tuberosity结节tuber, tubercle 嵴crest线line窝concavity, fossa凹fovea小凹foveola压迹impression腔cavity窦autrum, sinus管canal, duct孔foramen,opening口mouth, apertura, aditus, ostium 裂孔hiatus髁condyle上髁epicondyle缘margin切迹notch, incisura 纤维连结fibrous joint韧带连结syndesmosis软骨连结cartilaginous joint**关节articulation, joint**关节面articular surface关节软骨articular cartilage**关节囊articular capsul*纤维层fibrous layer*滑膜synovial membrane **关节腔articular cavity**韧带ligament**关节盘articular disk**关节半月板articular meniscus*关节唇articular labrum滑膜关节synovial joint平面关节plane joint球窝关节ball and socket joint椭圆关节ellipsoid joint车轴关节pivot joint鞍状关节saddle joint*屈flexion*伸extension*收adduction*旋转rotation*环转circumduction*旋前pronation*旋后supination*外翻eversion*内翻inversion*背屈dorsiflexion*跖屈plantarflexion**椎骨vertebrae**脊柱vertebral column*椎管vertebral canal*椎体vertebral body*椎弓vertebral arch**椎间孔intervertebral foramen *椎孔vertebral foramen*棘突spinous process*横突transverse process上关节突superior articular process **颈椎cervical vertebrae*横突孔transverse foramen*寰椎atlas*枢椎axis齿突dens**胸椎thoracic vertebrae上肋凹superior costal fovea **腰椎lumbar vertebrae**骶骨sacrum, sacral bone骶骨岬sacral promontory*骶管裂孔sacral hiatus骶角sacral horn**尾骨coccyx**椎间盘intervertebral disc *纤维环anulus fibrosus*髓核pulpiform nucleus *黄韧带ligaments flava寰枕关节atlanto-occipital joint **肋ribs, costae*肋软骨costal cartilage*肋沟costal groove**肋弓costal arch**胸骨sternum胸骨柄sternal manubrium**剑突xiphoid process**胸骨角sternal angle**胸廓thoracic cage肋椎关节costovertebral joints胸肋关节sternocostal joints**枕骨occipital bone枕骨髁occipital condyle*舌下神经管hypoglossal canal*枕骨大孔foramen magnum枕外隆凸external occipital protuberance *蝶骨sphenoid bone*蝶鞍sella turcica**垂体窝hypophysial fossa*视神经管optic canal鞍背dorsum sellae破裂孔foramen lacerum*圆孔foramen rotundum*卵圆孔foramen ovale*棘孔foramen spinosum*眶上裂superior orbital fissure大翼greater wings翼突pterygoid process**颞骨temporal bone岩部petrous portion*乳突mastoid process*面神经管facial canal肌咽鼓管musculo-tubal canal*内耳门internal acoustic port*茎突styloid process*茎乳孔stylomastoid foramen*外耳道external acoustic meatus *下颌窝mandibular fossa**顶骨parietal bone**额骨frontal bone**筛骨ethmoid bone下鼻甲inferior nasal concha泪骨lacrimal bone鼻骨nasal bone犁骨vomer**上颌骨maxilla眶下孔infraorbital foramen牙槽突alveolar process切牙管incisive canal*腭骨palatine bone*颧骨zygomatic bone**下颌骨mandible颏孔mental foramen冠突coronoid process下颌切迹mandibular incisure**舌骨hyoid bone颅盖calvaria外板outer plate内板inner plate*板障diploe**颅前窝anterior cranial fossa **颅中窝middle cranial fossa **颅后窝posterior cranial fossa 颞窝temporal fossa*颧弓zygomatic arch*颞下窝infratemporal fossa*翼腭窝pterygopalatine fossa*翼点pterion*颈动脉管carotid canal*颈静脉孔jugular foramen腭大孔greater palatine foramen **眶orbit眶上孔supraorbital foramen眶下孔infraorbital foramen**骨性鼻腔bony nasal cavity**鼻腔nasal cavity*鼻旁窦paranasal sinus*上颌窦maxillary sinus*蝶窦sphenoidal sinus*额窦frontal sinus*筛窦ethmoidal sinus鼻中隔nasal septum上(中, 下)鼻道superior(middle, inferior) nasal meatus 颅囟cranial fontanelle前囟anterior fontanelle冠状缝coronary suture矢状缝sagital suture人字缝lambdoid suture**颞下颌关节temporomandibular joint**肩胛骨scapula*肩峰acromion*关节盂glenoid cavity*喙突coracoid process**锁骨clavicle**肱骨humerus大结节greater tubercle小结节lesser tubercle*解剖颈anatomical neck*外科颈surgical neck鹰嘴窝olecranon fossa*内上髁medial epicondyle **桡骨radius环状关节面articular circumference **尺骨ulna鹰嘴olecranon滑车切迹trochlear notch**腕骨carpal bones, carpus 舟骨scaphoid bone三角骨triquetral bone豌豆骨pisiform bone大多角骨trapezium bone小多角骨trapezoid bone头状骨capitate bone钩骨hamate bone**掌骨metacarpal bones**指骨phalanges of fingers*胸锁关节sternoclavicular joint**肩关节shoulder joint盂唇glenoid labrum**肘关节elbow joint*桡骨环状韧带annular ligament of radius *桡尺近侧关节proximal radioulnar joint 桡尺远侧关节distal radioulnar joint**腕关节wrist joint腕掌关节carpometacarpal joint掌指关节metacarpophalangeal joint 指间关节interphalangeal joint**髋骨hip bone*髋臼acetabulum*闭孔obturater foramen**髂骨ilium髂嵴iliac crest**坐骨ischium**耻骨pubis**骨盆pelvis**股骨femur大转子greater trochanter髁间窝intercondylar fossa**髌骨patella**胫骨tibia髁间隆起intercondylar eminence *内踝medial malleolus **腓骨fibula*外踝lateral malleolus **跗骨tarsal bone, tarsus距骨talus**跟骨calcaneus足舟骨navicular bone内侧楔骨medial cuneiform bone 骰骨cuboid bone**跖骨metatarsal bones**趾骨phalanges of toes*耻骨联合pubic symphysis*骶髂关节sacroiliac joint*骶结节韧带sacrotuberous ligament *骶棘韧带sacrospinous ligament **髋关节hip joint**膝关节knee joint*半月板meniscus*交叉韧带cruciate ligaments**踝关节ankle joint跗骨间关节intertarsal joint距跟关节talocalcaneal joint跗横关节transverse tarsal joint跗跖关节tarsometatarsal joints跖趾关节metatarsophalangeal joints(二)肌肉muscles肌学myology肌肉系统muscular system**肌muscle**骨骼肌skeletal muscle**肌腹muscle belly**肌头head of muscle腱膜aponeurosis起点origin止点insertion**筋膜fascia*浅筋膜superficial fascia*深筋膜deep fascia滑膜囊synovial bursa*腱鞘tendinous sheath**斜方肌trapezius**背阔肌latissimus dorsi**竖脊肌erector spinae胸腰筋膜thoracolumbar fascia颈阔肌platysma**胸锁乳突肌sternocleidomastoid**斜角肌scalenus**胸大肌pectoralis major*胸小肌pectoralis minor*前锯肌serratus anterior**膈diaphragm**中心腱central tendon**腹直肌rectus abdominis**腹直肌鞘sheath of rectus abdominis 白线linea alba**腹外斜肌obliquus externus abdominis **腹内斜肌obliquus internus abdominis **腹横肌transversus abdominis **腰大肌psoas major**髂腰肌iliopsoas**腹股沟韧带inguinal ligament*腹股沟管inguinal canal腹股沟管浅环superficial inguinal ring*面肌facial muscles枕额肌occipitofrontal muscle帽状腱膜gelea aponeurotica**咀嚼肌masticatory muscles咬肌masseter颞肌temporalis**三角肌deltoid大圆肌teres major小圆肌teres minor**肱二头肌biceps brachii**肱三头肌triceps brachii*肱桡肌brachioradialis*旋前圆肌pronator teres*桡侧腕屈肌flexor carpi radialis*掌长肌palmaris longus*尺侧腕屈肌flexor carpi ulnaris*指浅屈肌flexor digitorum superficialis 指深屈肌flexor digitorum profundus 拇长屈肌flexor pollicis longus旋前方肌pronator quadratus桡侧腕长伸肌extensor carpi radialis longus桡侧腕短伸肌extensor carpi radialis brevis 指伸肌extensor digitorum*旋后肌supinator*蚓状肌lumbricales*骨间肌interossei**臀大肌gluteus maximus**梨状肌piriformis**股四头肌quadriceps femoris**髌韧带patellar ligament缝匠肌sartorius*股二头肌biceps femoris*半腱肌semitendinosus*半膜肌semimembranosus*腓骨长肌peroneus longus*腓骨短肌peroneus brevis*胫骨前肌tibialis anterior**小腿三头肌triceps surae*腓肠肌gastrocnemius*比目鱼肌soleus*跟腱tendo calcaneus内脏学splanchnology消化系统digestive system**内脏学splanchnology **内脏viscera**消化系统digestive system**口腔mouth cavity**唇lip颊cheek腭palatine*牙tooth, teeth牙髓dental pulp切牙incisor teeth尖牙canine teeth前磨牙premolar teeth磨牙molar teeth恒牙permanent teeth乳牙deciduous teeth**唾液腺salivary gland舌下腺sublingual gland下颌下腺submandibular gland 腮腺parotid gland味蕾taste bud, gustatory bud舌乳头papillae of tongue**咽pharynx*咽峡isthmus of fauces咽腔cavity of pharynx*扁桃体tonsil**食管esophagus**胃stomach胃大弯greater curvature of stomach 胃小弯lesser curvature of stomach 角切迹angular incisure贲门部cardial part幽门部pyloric part幽门pylorus*小肠small intestine**十二指肠duodenum**空肠jejunum**回肠ileum**大肠large intestine*盲肠caecum**阑尾vermiform appendix*升结肠ascending colon*横结肠transverse colon*降结肠descending colon*乙状结肠sigmoid colon**直肠rectum**肛门anus*肛管anal canal**肝liver*肝总管common hepatic duct **胆囊gallbladder*胆囊管cystic duct**胆总管common bile duct**胰pancreas胰管pancreatic duct*呼吸系统respiratory system外鼻external nose**喉larynx甲状软骨thyroid cartilage环状软骨cricoid cartilage杓状软骨arytenoid cartilage弹性圆锥conus elasticus喉肌laryngeal muscles会厌epiglottis会厌软骨epiglottic cartilage喉腔laryngeal cavity声门glottis**声带vocal fold**气管trachea**支气管bronchus**肺lung*肺门hilum of lung*支气管肺段bronchopulmonary segment **胸腔thoracic cavity**胸膜pleura**纵隔mediastinum(三)泌尿生殖系统urogenital system*泌尿生殖系统urogenital system**泌尿系统urinary system**肾kidney肾盏renal calices肾窦renal sinus**输尿管ureter**膀胱urinary bladder*膀胱三角trigone of bladder**尿道urethra**男性生殖器male genital organs**睾丸testis白膜tunica albuginea**附睾epididymis输精管ductus deferens**输精管壶腹ampulla of ductus deferens *射精管ejaculatory duct*精索spermatic cord睾丸鞘膜sheath of testicle精囊seminal vesicle**前列腺prostate**阴茎penis阴茎头glans of penis阴茎包皮prepuce尿道外口external urethral orifice**女性生殖器female genital organs **卵巢ovary**输卵管uterine tube输卵管伞fimbriae of uterine tube **子宫uterus子宫峡isthmus of uterus子宫颈cervix of uterus子宫口ostium of uterus子宫阔韧带broad ligament of uterus**阴道vagina处女膜hymen阴道穹fornix of vagina大阴唇labia majora阴道口vaginal orifice阴蒂clitoris**乳房mamma, breast**乳腺mammary gland*会阴perineum**坐骨肛门窝ischioanal fossa(四)腹膜peritoneum*腹膜腔peritoneal cavity*壁腹膜parietal peritoneum*脏腹膜visceral peritoneum**网膜omentum*大网膜greater omentum网膜囊omental bursa网膜孔omental foramen*肝胃韧带hepatogastric ligament *肝十二指肠韧带hepatoduodenal ligament 肝镰状韧带falciform ligament of liver 肝冠状韧带coronary ligament of liver *胃脾韧带gastrosplenic ligament *脾肾韧带splenorenal ligament **肠系膜mesentery结肠系膜mesocolon阑尾系膜mesoappendix胃结肠韧带gastrocolic ligament回盲襞ileocaecal fold肝肾隐窝hepatorenal recess**直肠子宫陷凹rectouterine pouch*膀胱子宫陷凹vesicouterine pouch*直肠膀胱陷凹rectovesical pouch脉管系统vascular system**脉管系统vascular system**脉管学angiology心血管系cardiovascular system**心血管系cardiovascular system**心heart**动脉artery**静脉vein**毛细血管capillary吻合anastomosis心底cardiac base心尖cardiac apex*冠状窦coronary sinus**右心房right atrium右心耳right auricle**右心室right ventricle右房室口right atrioventricular orifice **三尖瓣tricuspid valve**左心房left atrium左心耳left auricle**左心室left ventricle**二尖瓣mitral valve肉柱trabeculae carneae乳头肌papillary muscles肌腱tendinous cords卵圆窝oval fossa*室上嵴supraventricular crest 动脉圆锥conus arteriosus**肺动脉瓣pulmonary valve**主动脉瓣aortic valve心内膜endocardium心肌层myocardium心外膜epicardium*房间隔interatrial septum*室间隔interventricular septum **窦房结sinuatrial node*房室结atrioventricular node *房室束atrioventricular bundle 右束支right bundle branch左束支left bundle branch**心包pericardium*肺动脉干pulmonary trunk*动脉韧带arterial ligament**主动脉aorta*升主动脉ascending aorta**冠状动脉coronary arteries**主动脉弓aortic arch头臂干brachiocephalic trunk**颈总动脉common carotid artery 颈动脉小球carotid glomus颈动脉窦carotid sinus**颈外动脉external carotid artery *甲状颈干thyrocervical trunk*甲状腺上动脉superior thyroid artery 舌动脉lingual artery面动脉facial artery*颞浅动脉superficial temporal artery 上颌动脉maxillary artery**颈内动脉internal carotid artery**锁骨下动脉subclavian artery胸廓内动脉internal thoracic artery 腋动脉axillary artery*肱动脉brachial artery*桡动脉radial artery尺动脉ulnar artery掌浅弓superficial palmar arch*降主动脉descending aorta*胸主动脉thoracic aorta**腹主动脉abdominal aorta**腹腔干coeliac trunk**胃左动脉left gastric artery**肝总动脉common hepatic artery**脾动脉splenic artery**肠系膜上动脉superior mesenteric artery **肠系膜下动脉inferior mensenteric artery *肾动脉renal artery*睾丸动脉testicular artery*卵巢动脉ovarian artery**髂总动脉common iliac artery**髂内动脉internal iliac artery臀上动脉superior gluteal artery臀下动脉inferior gluteal artery闭孔动脉obturator artery*阴部内动脉internal pudendal artery *子宫动脉uterus artery**髂外动脉external iliac artery*股动脉femoral artery股深动脉profunda femoris artery帼动脉popliteal artery胫前动脉anterior tibial artery胫后动脉posterior tibial artery足背动脉dorsal pedal artery肺静脉pulmonary vein**上腔静脉superior vena cava头臂静脉(无名静脉) brachiocephalic vein, innominate vein 颈内静脉internal jugular vein翼丛pterygoid plexus*颈外静脉external jugular vein锁骨下静脉subclavian vein静脉角venous angle肱静脉brachial vein头静脉cephalic vein贵要静脉basilic vein肘正中静脉median cubital vein*奇静脉azygos vein半奇静脉hemiazygos vein椎静脉丛vertebral venous plexus**下腔静脉inferior vena cava髂总静脉common iliac vein髂内静脉internal iliac vein髂外静脉external iliac vein*股静脉femoral vein小隐静脉small saphenous vein**大隐静脉great saphenous vein帼静脉popliteal vein**肝门静脉portal vein附脐静脉paraumbilical vein**肠系膜上静脉superior mesenteric vein **脾静脉splenic vein**肠系膜下静脉inferior mensenteric vein 直肠静脉丛rectal venous plexus(二)淋巴系统lymphatic system**淋巴系统lymphatic system毛细淋巴管lymphatic capillary淋巴管lymphatic vessels淋巴干lymphatic trunks*淋巴导管lymphatic ducts**淋巴结lymph nodes**胸导管thoracic duct乳糜池cisterna chyli腰干lumbar trunks肠干intestinal trunk**右淋巴导管right lymphatic duct*下颌下淋巴结submandibular lymph nodes*颈外侧淋巴结lateral cervical lymph nodes**锁骨上淋巴结supraclavicular lymph nodes*腋淋巴结axillary lymph nodes*支气管肺门淋巴结bronchopulmonary hilar lymph nodes *腰淋巴结lumbar lymph nodes*腹腔淋巴结coeliac lymph nodes**肠系膜淋巴结mesenteric lymph nodes髂总淋巴结common iliac lymph nodes髂外淋巴结external iliac lymph nodes髂内淋巴结internal iliac lymph nodes*腹股沟淋巴结inguinal lymph nodes**脾spleen**胸腺thymus感觉器sensory organs**感觉器sensory organs视器visual organ**视器visual organ**眼eye**眼球eyeball*巩膜sclera**角膜cornea脉络膜choroid**睫状体ciliary body**虹膜iris**瞳孔pupil**视网膜retina*视神经盘optic disc*黄斑macula lutea虹膜角膜角(前房角) iridocorneal angle*房水aqueouse humor **玻璃体vitreous body**晶状体lens眼副器accessory organs of eye *眼睑eyelids**结膜conjunctiva**泪腺lacrimal gland泪点lacrimal punctum泪小管lacrimal ductule*泪囊lacrimal sac鼻泪管nasolacrimal duct*眼球外肌ocular muscles眼动脉ophthalmic artery(二)前庭蜗器vestibulocochlear organ**前庭蜗器vestibulocochlear organ **耳ear外耳external ear耳廓` auricle*外耳道external acoustic meatus中耳middle ear**鼓室tympanic cavity*鼓膜tympanic membrane *前庭窗fenestra vestibuli蜗窗fenestra cochleae听小骨auditory ossicles**咽鼓管auditory tube*乳突窦mastoid antrum乳突小房mastoid cells内耳internal ear*骨迷路bony labyrinth*骨半规管bony semicircular canals**前庭vestibule**耳蜗cochlea*膜迷路membranous labyrinth*膜半规管membranous semicircular ducts **椭圆囊utricle**球囊saccule**蜗管cochlear duct**螺旋器spiral organ(三)其他感觉器嗅器olfactory organ味器gustatory organ皮肤skin表皮epidermis真皮dermis, corium体毛hairs毛囊hair follicle立毛肌arrectores pilorum指甲nail of finger神经系统nervous system**神经系统nervous system**中枢神经系统central nervous system**周围神经系统peripheral nervous system **神经元neuron**神经胶质neuroglia*树突dendrite*轴突axon单极神经元unipolar neuron假单极神经元pseudounipolar neuron双极神经元bipolar neuron多极神经元multipolar neuron*感觉神经元sensory neuron*运动神经元motor neuron*联络神经元associate neuron尼氏体Nissl bodies神经原纤维neurofibril**神经纤维nerve fiber神经膜neurolemma*髓鞘myelin sheath *突触synapse突触前部presynaptic part 突触后部postsynaptic part 突触间隙synaptic cleft突触小泡synaptic vesicles *灰质gray matter *白质white matter *皮质cortex*髓质medulla**神经核nucleus**纤维束tract**神经节ganglion**神经nerve神经内膜endoneurium神经束膜perineurium神经外膜epineurium星形细胞astrocyte少突胶质细胞oligodendrocyte 小胶质microglia室管膜ependyma周围神经系统peripheral nervous system**脊神经spinal nerves前根ventral root*脊神经节spinal ganglion颈神经cervical nerve胸神经thoracic nerve腰神经lumbar nerve骶神经sacral nerve尾神经coccygeal nerve**颈丛cervical plexus**膈神经phrenic nerve**臂丛brachial plexus胸长神经long thoracic nerve胸背神经thoracodorsal nerve**肌皮神经musculocutaneous nerve **腋神经axillary nerve**正中神经median nerve**桡神经radial nerve**尺神经ulnar nerve*胸神经thoracic nerves肋间神经intercostal nerve**腰丛lumbar plexus腰骶干lumbosacral trunk**股神经femoral nerve*闭孔神经obturator nerve**骶丛sacral plexus**坐骨神经sciatic nerve**胫神经tibial nerve**腓总神经common peroneal nerve *腓浅神经superficial peroneal nerve *腓深神经deep peroneal nerve*阴部神经pudendal nerve**脑神经cranial nerves**嗅神经olfactory nerve**视神经optic nerve*动眼神经oculomotor nerve*睫状神经节ciliary ganglion**滑车神经trochlear nerve**三叉神经trigeminal nerve*半月神经节(三叉神经节) semilunar ganglion*眼神经ophthalmic nerve*上颌神经maxillary nerve*下颌神经mandibular nerve眶下神经infraorbital nerve耳颞神经auriculotemporal nerve *舌神经lingual nerve下牙糟神经inferior alveolar nerve**展神经abducent nerve**面神经facial nerve*鼓索chorda tympani*翼腭神经节pterygopalatine ganglion*下颌下神经节submandibular ganglion**前庭蜗神经vestibulocochlear nerve*前庭神经vestibular nerve*蜗神经cochlear nerve**舌咽神经glossopharyngeal nerve**耳神经节otic ganglion**迷走神经vagus nerve*喉返神经recurrent laryngeal nerve喉上神经superior laryngeal nerve**副神经accessory nerve**舌下神经hypoglossal nerve**自主神经系统autonomic nervous system 内脏神经系统visceral nervous system植物性神经系统vegetative nervous system**交感神经sympathetic nerve**副交感神经parasympathetic nerve*交感干sympathetic trunk交感干神经节ganglia of sympathetic trunk交通支communicating branches 内脏大神经greater splanchnic nerve内脏小神经lesser splanchnic nerve心丛cardiac plexus腹腔丛coeliac plexus*腹腔神经节coeliac ganglion下腹下丛(盆丛) inferior hypogastric plexus盆内脏神经pelvic splanchnic nerves中枢神经系统central nervous system**脊髓spinal cord脊髓圆锥conus medullaris终丝filum terminal*马尾cauda equina*颈膨大cervical enlargement*腰骶膨大lumbosacral enlargement 前角anterior horn后角posterior horn中间带intermediate zone 侧角lateral horn前索anterior funiculus外侧索lateral funiculus后索posterior funiculus**网状结构reticular formation*胶状质substantia gelatinosa**胸核thoracic nucleus**薄束fasciculus gracilis**楔束fasciculus cuneatus**脊髓丘脑束spinothalamic tract脊髓小脑束spinocerebellar tract**皮质脊髓束corticospinal tract**脑brain**脑干brain stem**延髓medulla oblongata*锥体pyramid**锥体交叉pyramidal decussation*橄榄olive*薄束结节gracilis tubercule*楔束结节cuneate tubercule*小脑下脚inferior cerebellar peduncle **脑桥pons*小脑中脚middle cerebellar peduncle *小脑上脚superior cerebellar peduncle**第四脑室fourth ventricle*菱形窝rhomboid fossa髓纹striae medullares内侧隆起medial eminence*面神经丘facial colliculus*舌下神经三角hypoglossal trigone*迷走神经三角vagal trigone*前庭区vestibular area*听结节acoustic tubercle**中脑midbrain, mesencephalon*下丘inferior colliculus*上丘superior colliculus**大脑脚crus cerebri*舌下神经核hypoglossal nucleus*迷走神经背核dorsal nucleus of vagus**内侧丘系交叉decussation of medial lemniscus **内侧丘系medial lemniscus*三叉神经脊束spinal trigeminal tract*三叉神经脊束核spinal trigeminal nucleus*孤束核solitary nucleus*疑核ambiguous nucleus*脑桥核pontine nuclei**锥体束pyramidal tract**斜方体trapezoid body**外侧丘系lateral lemniscus*展神经核nucleus of abducent nerve *面神经核nucleus of facial nerve蓝斑locus ceruleus**中脑水管cerebral aqueduct*黑质substantia nigra*红核red nucleus*滑车神经核nucleus of trochlear nerve *动眼神经核nucleus of oculomotor nerve 中缝核raphe nuclei**小脑cerebellum**小脑蚓vermis of cerebellum **小脑半球cerebellar hemisphere古小脑(原小脑) archicerebellum绒球小结叶flocculonodular lobe*原裂primary fissure旧小脑paleocerebellum新小脑neocerebellum*小脑皮质cerebellar cortex*齿状核dentate nucleus**间脑diencephalon**背侧丘脑dorsal thalamus腹前核ventral anterior nucleus腹中间核ventral intermediate nucleus 腹后外侧核ventral posterolateral nucleus腹后内侧核ventral posteromedial nucleus枕pulvinar后丘脑metathalamus内侧膝状体medial geniculate body外侧膝状体lateral geniculate body上丘脑epithalamus底丘脑subthalamus**下丘脑hypothalamus**视交叉optic chiasma*乳头体mammillary body**第三脑室third ventricle**端脑telencephalon**大脑cerebrum**大脑半球cerebral hemispheres*外侧沟lateral sulcus*中央沟central sulcus**额叶frontal lobe*中央前沟precentral sulcus**中央前回precentral gyrus*额下回inferior frontal gyrus**顶叶parietal lobe*中央后沟postcentral sulcus**中央后回postcentral gyrus缘上回supramarginal gyrus*角回angular gyrus**枕叶occipital lobe**颞叶` temporal lobe*颞横回transverse temporal gyrus *颞上回superior temporal gyrus *岛叶insula*中央旁小叶paracentral lobule*顶枕沟parieto-occipital sulcus*距状沟calcarine sulcus海马沟hippocampal sulcus*舌回lingual gyrus楔叶cuneus**边缘叶limbic lobe**边缘系统limbic system*扣带回cingulate gyrus*海马旁回parahippocampal gyrus 钩uncus海马结构hippocampal formation *海马hippocampus齿状回dentate gyrus**侧脑室lateral ventricle**基底核basal nuclei*尾状核caudate nucleus*豆状核lenticular nucleus*壳putamen*苍白球globus pallidus**纹状体corpus striatum屏状核claustrum杏仁体amygdaloid body联络纤维association fibers 连合纤维commisural fibers 投射纤维projection fibers **胼胝体corpus callosum*穹隆fornix**内囊internal capsule嗅脑rhinencephalon嗅球olfactory bulb嗅束olfactory tract嗅三角olfactory trigone**大脑皮质cerebral cortex古皮质archicortex旧皮质paleocortex新皮质neocortex**硬膜dura mater*大脑镰falx cerebri小脑镰falx cerebelli*小脑幕tentorium cerebelli幕切迹tentorial notch*硬脑膜窦dural sinus**蛛网膜arachnoid*蛛网膜下隙subarachnoid space小脑延髓池cerebellomedullary cistern *蛛网膜粒arachnoid granulation 终池terminal cistern**软膜pia mater齿状韧带denticulate ligament*海绵窦cavernous sinus*大脑前动脉anterior cerebral artery **大脑中动脉middle cerebral artery*大脑后动脉posterior cerebral artery **基底动脉basilar artery**大脑动脉环cerebral arterial circle *大脑大静脉great cerebral vein**脑脊液cerebrospinal fluid *脉络丛choroid plexus内分泌腺endocrine glands**内分泌腺endocrine glands**甲状腺thyroid gland*甲状旁腺parathyroid gland**垂体hypophysis**松果体pineal body**肾上腺suprarenal gland胰岛pancreatic insula。