航海英语阅读与写作翻译
航海英语阅读理解90篇(带翻译)
本⽂是为您准备的《航海英语阅读理解90篇(带翻译)》请⼤家参考!Chapter 1(⼤连题库 60 篇)Passage 01 Merchant ships are designed to carry cargo. Some are also designed to carry passengers. They can operate as liners 班轮. These are employed on regular routes on a fixed timetable. A list of their arrival and departure dates is published in advance and they sail whether full or not. Liners can be classed as either deep-sea 远洋 liners or short-sea liners 近海. The former carry mainly containerized cargo across the oceans of the world; the later carry containerized or conventional cargo on shorter routes. Ferries 渡船 are also classed as liners. These offer a daily or weekly service for passengers and vehicles across channels and narrow seas. A few ships are still employed as passenger liners. They not only carry passengers but also some cargo on routes from Europe to North America and to the Far East. Nowadays the passenger trade is very small and passenger liners usually operate as cruise ships 游轮 for part of the year. 商船设计得能运载货物。
航海英语中英文
航海英语中英文1. The funnel is a casing used for exhaust pipes from the engines.烟囱是套管用于排气管的发动机。
2. The satellite antenna is housed in a plastic dome for weather protection.人造卫星天线装置在塑料圆顶,用来预测天气.3. The galley is where delicious food is cooked.厨房是制作美味食物的地方.4. The messroom(军舰或海军基地的)食堂 is where the crew eat their meals.食堂是全体船员用餐的地方.5. The anchor is used to moor停泊, 系泊(船只) 使停泊;使固定the ship to the seabed海底,海床 to keep it stationary不动的; 静止的,固定的;不可移动的.锚是用来固定停泊的船只在海底, 使其不可移动.6. The bulbous bow is a round-shaped underwater part in the front of the ship. The purpose is to create less friction摩擦; 摩擦力with water so that the ship moves more easily.船鼻首是圆形水下部件, 位于船前部, 目的是制造更少的水摩擦力, 使船只可以更易于移动.7. The bow thruster is placed in the front of the ship under the water,which eases berthing (船舶的)停泊位或锚位or manoeuvering sideways斜着, 斜向一边at slow speed.船首推进器装置在船的前方, 位于水下,从而缓和泊位或往斜方向操纵时速度减慢。
航海英语阅读
Attention please! attention please! This is your captain with an important annoucement .I repeat , this is your captain with an important annoucement . We have a minor flooding in the engine room. There is no immediate danger to our passengers or the ship and there is no reason to be alarmed . For safety reasons we request all passengers to go to thier assmebly stations on decks and wait there for further instructions . Please follow the instrction given by the officers and crew .The damage control team is fighting the flooding .We also have contact with radio coast stations. As soon as I have further information I will make another annoucement .I ask you kindly to remain calm .There is no danger at this time .
?2011/?12/?25 15:18:33
passage1
ladies and gei ntlemen , this is your captain spesking .I have pleasure in informing you that all safety equipment in full working order . The bow and stern doors are closed and secured .The vessel is in all repects ready for sea. Please obey the orders given on the public address system . Passengers are requsted to read all notes and leaflets concerning safety regulations . All the regulations concerning the vessel's routine have to be obeyed . Safety regulations bo not permit passengers to enter the follow spaces: 1.navigating bridge
航海英语翻译
I used find joy in the company of others (与他人为伴). Now, I only have the company of myself Because of his devotion of music(由于对音乐的热爱),he had become friendly to Mr.Keith. You must find a witness to certify that this is your signature(证明这是你的签名)The captain ordered all the sailors to stand by because it’s not easy.(在这样的恶劣天气下抛锚是不容易的)The Welsh people is renowned for its beautiful voice(以其优美的嗓音而闻名) and it is rare to find a village without at least one choir competing in an arts festival.Unit 2天生by nature 却,不料only to respond to 对。
做出回应Push oneself hard 把某人自己搞的太辛苦夸大事实exaggerate the factsUnit 3Affected by many factors 受诸多因素影响all the people who take part in the organization and performances 所有参与组织与参加演出节目的人随着时间的变化as the change of time you can’t buy in other places 在别处买不到的keep her body healthy 使她身体保持健康Unit 5He is so tall a man that he has to lower his head to get through the door (他需要低头才能通过这道门)The fish, though neither seeing nor smelling the woman, sensed someone swimming in the sea. (察觉到有人在海里游泳)She felt her heart beat quicken (她感觉到自己心跳加速) as he was approaching her.The urged congress to approve (他们敦促国会批准) plans for their reform program.In the initial stage of exercise (在运动的最初阶段) everyone seemed to be quite interested ,but later on more and more people became indifferent to it.Unit 7There is said to be a rough period of about 100 days; but I have never been able to confirm this.(我没能确认)She began to feel that if she did this a few more times she would get the hang of it (她会掌握的) We have said goodbye to a person who cannot be replaced and the rest of us will have to work harder in order to fill the gap left by his passing (填补因他离去而留下的空缺)Is it not right that all children should have access to the latest technology, no matter where they live (无论他们住在何处) or the poverty of their parents?On successful completion of the training, they then transfer to another ship (调到另一艘船)and work as a waiter or waitress.Unit 8The experienced captain managed to steer the ship into harbor (把船驶进港口) in the heavy fog.Many Americans are jobless because of this worst global economic crisis since World war II (自第二次世界大战以来最严重的全球经济危机)Doctor Smith had every reason to take credit for his patient’s recovery.(把他病人的康复看做自己的功劳)People went about their work as usual, unaware of the impending earthquake.(没有意识到即将要发生的地震)The will be a short full of ships’ officers (高级船员短缺) in shipping industry in the near future.。
航海英语46篇阅读翻译
Passage 3-01Labour should be ordered by 0900 hrs for 2nd shift (1500 to 2300 hrs) on same day and by 1300 hrs for 1st shift (0700 to 1500 hrs) for next day. By1100 hrs, for 3rd shift (2300 to 0500 hrs) in same day.Under normal circumstances, no work is performed during meal hours 1100 to 1200 hrs and 1830 to 1930 hrs. unless the ship is classified as a key vessel or the agent orders work during the meal hours.劳工应责令0900小时第二轮班同一天(1500至2300年时)小时和1300第一班的第二天(0700至1500小时)小时。
By1100小时,第三转变同一天(2300至0500小时)。
在正常情况下,没有工作是执行在用膳时间1100至1200年和1830年至1930年小时小时。
除非该船舶被列为重点船舶或者其代理人的订单时,才会在用餐时间的工作。
C 001. If you want to order labour in this port for the third shift in sameday, the order should be made by ________ .如果你想在这个港同日第三班劳动,顺序应该是在…A. any time任意时间B. 0900 hoursC. 1100 hoursD. 1300 hoursB 002.________is performed during meal hours under usual circumstances.正常情况下,…会被安排在用餐时间工作A. Cargo work货物装卸B. No cargo work不进行货物装卸C. Ordering work by Agent代理所下的订单工作D. loading and discharging 装卸A 003. Loading and discharging can be performed during meal hours _____A. if the ship is classified as a key vessel 该船为重要船只B. if agent orders work beforehand 代理预先有所要求C. under normal circumstances 在正常情况下D. either A or B A或者BC 004. What does the word “key” mean ________?A. laden满载的B. small小的C. pivotal重要的D. big大的Passage 3-02Before arrival in the United Kingdom, the master will have informed his owners or agents of the approximate time of the vessel's arrival at the pilot station for the port of destination. The vessel should be flying her ensign and also her signal letters and the requisite pilot signal when approaching the pilot station. The international signals, as well as any local port signals, can be found in the Sailing Directions, which is also known as the "Pilot Book"When a pilot is required most ports now require due notice of the vessel's ETA to be sent in by radio. However, this does not relieve the ship's obligation to display the pilot signal ("G" by any of the methods of signaling ) until the pilot is aboard when "H" flag will be flown. If the master or first mate of the vessel has a pilotage certificate for the district then the above is unnecessary, in such case the pilot flag (white and red horizontal halves, as on the pilot vessel) will be flown.在到达英国之前,船长会在引航站通知他的业主或代理到达目的港的大致时间。
航海英语92篇短文翻译
通道01商船运载货物。
有些还设计载客。
他们可以作为衬垫。
这些受雇于一个固定的时间表定期航线。
的名单,他们的到来和离开的日期提前公布,他们不论全职或航行。
内衬可以被归类无论是深海衬垫或短海客轮。
前者主要开展集装箱货物漂洋过海的世界,后来进行货物集装箱或常规较短的航线。
渡轮也被归类为衬里。
这些跨渠道和狭窄海域为乘客和车辆提供每天或每周的服务。
几艘船仍受雇于客轮。
他们不仅运载乘客,但也有一些货物从欧洲到北美和远东的航线。
如今,客运业是非常小的,游船客轮通常作为一部分的一年。
001.The深海衬垫________。
A.主要开展集装箱货物B.主要进行传统的货物C.为乘客和车辆提供每天或每周的服务D.乘轮船渠道和狭窄海域。
002.The内衬________。
A.总是B.帆航行,甚至经常不充分C.始终航行在镇流器D.将无法航行,如果不充分003.A列表衬垫________的到来和离开日期。
A.将每周公布B.将发布航行时,不论是全职或没有,从欧洲到北美和远东C.将不会被公开,即使他们航行满载D.出发前出版004.It暗示的推移,________。
A.客船小B.所有客船将在不久的将来进行一些货物C.它是没有必要的客轮航行在固定的时间D.集装箱船,应随身携带一些乘客通道02如今,大多数商船运载货物,建。
他们主要经营的流浪汉。
这些船只没有定期航线上航行或保持一个固定的时间表,但那里是他们进行货物就业。
可以归类为深海的流浪汉或短海流浪汉流浪汉。
许多被归类为杯垫。
这些层对沿海航线和内河港口的河流。
传统流浪汉货物的干散货,但也有一些设计进行一般货物。
商船大量的专用船舶。
这些是设计来进行特定类型的货物。
有几种类型的专门容器。
最常见的是油轮。
他们所拥有的大型石油公司或由独立经营。
两个其他类型的日益重要的液体散货船,化学品船和液化天然气(LNG)的运营。
005.The深海流浪汉________。
A.进行散货和件杂货跨越公海B.建立运载乘客C.主要杯垫D.专门的容器006.The杯垫________。
航海英语阅读翻译2685部分
A. axial thrust 轴向推力 B. transverse thrust 横向推力
C. the transverse effect of the propeller blades at the top near the surface of the water 螺旋桨顶端靠近水面的叶片产生的横向作用
D. professional amendments 专业的改进
C 024.It is implied that _______.这暗示着…
A. the data are incorrect 数据是不正确的
B. the data are to be corrected intensively 数据要集中纠正
类变更,或任何修改或未经授权的更改,由持牌人或其他各方作出。
D 021.The data may become corrupted in any of the following process except _______.这些数据会在下列过程中
损坏除了…
A. during transmission 在传输过程中
力会更大。
A. going a stern 向船尾移动
B. going ahead 前进
C. stopped 停止
D. making no way through the water 在水中无法做到
A 016.The transverse thrust of the propeller can mainly be overcome by ________.横向的螺旋桨推力主要可以
and the stern cants to port. This effect is stronger and cannot easily be corrected. Vessels with left-handed
《航海英语》第八章翻译
(2349---2690)2349你船靠泊船首在码头并没有拖轮协助。
哪一根缆绳最有用当你操纵船舶靠泊时?首倒缆2350 你船装载不吸湿的货物自寒冷地区到温暖地区。
你应货舱不通风。
2351你船因为GM高度不足导致倾斜。
为降低G在M之下,你应在G下对称地增加重量。
2352 你船左倾4度且横摇周期短。
船壳内有自由流动灭火留下的水。
船舶首倾且首干舷1英尺。
你应最先采取什么措施?排出首尖舱的水2353 你船装载吸湿的货物自温暖地区开往寒冷地区。
哪一句是正确的?你必须连续且旺盛地通风以防止船体出汗2354你船的机舱在船中部并且货物集中装在船的首尾部。
船舶有拉伸主甲板的中拱。
2355 油船满载,并且你发现尾倾过大。
为调整吃水差,你可以转移燃油到船首部。
2356油船满载,并且你发现有轻微的首倾。
为调整吃水差,你可以转移货油到船尾部。
2357 你船装载危险货物。
在日常检查中,你注意到几个箱子的货物移位并开裂。
你首先应立即将情况报告船长并听候指示。
2358你最好把选港货装在二层舱的防堵舱位,这样无论在上海或大连都能够被轻易卸出。
2359你将在常温下装载散装硫磺。
哪一句是正确的?散装硫磺可以被符合所有适用规则而没有特别允许的船舶装载2360 你装运的货物中有一含有一类爆炸品的包裹。
包裹潮湿,发霉和污黑。
根据规则装运这个包裹你应联系托运人并建议撤回,修理或更换。
2361 你很可能移动重量自上二层舱到底舱。
这样一来,船舶将有更大的稳性高度。
2362 你已靠泊在周围有油船的码头。
什么信号表示船舶正在进行转移易燃或可燃液体货物?视野周围可见到一盏红灯2363 你有一定数量的袋装货物装载在三个甲板下二层舱。
哪一种堆装方式最稳定?分层换向堆码2364你们不能完成二舱的装货,能够吗?在肯定句中,用hardly,scarcely等词表示否定时,反意疑问句用肯定动词反问。
2365 在卸货其间,请求你安排必要的理货员在船上进行理货工作。
航海英语阅读翻译
航海英语全翻译专业版(甲类三副)阅读翻译【1】预订工班,早上九点预订当天的第二个班次(下午三点至十一点),下午一点预订第二天的第一个班次(早上七点至下午三点),上午十一点预订当天的第三个班次(晚上十一点到凌晨五点)。
正常情况下,除非是很重要的船舶或者代理有要求,中午十一点至十二点以及晚上六点半至七点半的用餐时间不工作。
【2】在到达英国之前,船长会通知船东或代理预计到达引航站的时间。
接近引航站时,船舶要挂上国旗、呼号以及申请引航员的旗号。
国际信号以及当地港口的信号可以在《航路指南》即《引航书》上找到。
大部分港口要求需要引航员的船舶提前通过无线电告知预计到港时间。
不过这并不能免除船舶悬挂引航旗号的义务,引航员上船要将G字旗换成H旗。
如果船长或大副持有这一地区的引航证书,则不需要做上述事件,只需要挂上引航旗(上白下红)就可以了。
【3】GMDSS的中心是在发生事故时,除了遇险船附近的船舶,岸上的搜救协调中心也能够马上接到警报,这样可以在第一时间帮助协调搜救。
这一系统还可以提供紧急和安全通信以及包括航行警告和天气信息的海上安全信息的发布。
GMDSS适用于300总吨或以上船舶、客轮以及国际航线船舶。
【4】螺旋桨的轴推力是作用在纵向方向上的力。
这个作用力可以使船舶对水前进或后退。
由于螺旋桨的形状,船舶在前进时比在后退时要容易一些。
螺旋桨在旋转时会产生横向侧推力。
螺旋桨上层桨片在到达水面时的横向作用力不足以抵消(counteract)下层桨片的反作用力。
对于右车船来说,会造成船尾向右船头向左偏。
当船舶在前进时,偏转力很小,可以用舵纠正。
当船舶后退时,这种作用力相反,船尾会向左偏。
这时的偏转力较大,不容易校正。
左车的作用正好相反。
【5】舵工的职责是根据值班驾驶员的指示准确操纵船舶。
在航行过程中,这些指令只是要保持的航向,与风、浪和其他偏差无关。
某些时候,指令会要求船舶左转、右转、禁止转向或保持在某个船首向上。
一名优秀的舵工在操舵时会尽量减少偏差。
航海英语作文
航海英语作文As the sun dips below the horizon, casting an array of warm hues across the vast expanse of the ocean, I find myself standing at the helm of a ship, feeling the gentle sway ofthe waves beneath me. The call of the sea has always been a siren's song to my adventurous spirit, and today, I embark on a journey that will take me to the heart of the maritime world.The art of navigation is not merely about plotting a course from one point to another; it is a dance with the elements, a delicate balance of wind, water, and will. My vessel, a sleek sailing yacht, is a marvel of modern engineering, its sails billowing with the promise of the open sea. The language ofthe sea is in the creaking of the hull, the snap of the sails, and the whisper of the wind in the rigging.As we set sail, the first lesson of the ocean is humility.The sea is a force of nature that demands respect. It can beas calm as a millpond, reflecting the sky like a mirror, orit can rise in fury, with waves that tower like mountains. Learning to read the signs, to anticipate the weather, and to respond to the sea's moods is crucial for any sailor.The second lesson is patience. The sea does not rush; ittakes its time, and so must we. Waiting for the right wind,for the tide to turn, requires a level of patience that is often tested. But in that waiting, there is a profound senseof peace and connection with the natural world that is unrivaled.As we navigate by the stars, using the ancient art of celestial navigation, we are reminded of the great explorers who came before us. Their stories are etched into the annals of history, their voyages a testament to human curiosity and the unquenchable thirst for exploration.The sea also teaches us about community and cooperation. A ship is not run by a single person; it takes a crew working in harmony to manage the many tasks required to keep the vessel moving safely and efficiently. Each role, from the captain to the cook, is vital, and the camaraderie that develops among sailors is a bond like no other.Throughout our voyage, we encounter various challenges and rewards. The thrill of spotting a school of dolphins playing in our wake, the awe-inspiring sight of a whale breaching, and the humbling experience of a storm at sea all serve to enrich our journey. Each day brings new sights, new lessons, and new stories to tell.In the end, the allure of the open sea is not just about the destination but the journey itself. It's about the stories we gather, the lessons we learn, and the memories we create. As we return to port, our ship leaving a trail of white against the deep blue, I am filled with a sense of accomplishment and a deep appreciation for the incredible experience that is sailing the seas.The sea, in its infinite wisdom, has once again reminded us of our place in the world and the importance of respecting the power and beauty of our natural environment. As an English teacher, I encourage my students to embark on their own metaphorical voyages, to explore the vast oceans of knowledge and to return with tales of discovery and personal growth.。
航海英语3800带翻译第1-2章
第一章(0001---0507)0001 Your vessel is underway when .A. ①only.B. ②only.C. D.Neither ①nor ②.当时你船在航。
0002 Your vessel is approaching a bend. You hear a prolonged blast from around the bend. You should ______.A. Back your engines.—倒车B. Stop your engines and drift.—停车漂流C.D. Sound the danger signal.—鸣放危险声号你船正在接近一个湾头。
在湾头附近你听到一长声。
你应。
0003 Your vessel has anchored in a channel known to have strong tidal currents. To check your position you take a round of bearings, one of which is a range in line. One hour later the bearing on the lights in range opens up. This indicatesA. ①only.B. ②only.D. Neither ①nor ②.你船在水道中锚泊并知道有强的潮流。
为核对位置你测得成一线的一组方位。
1小时后,成一线的那组灯标的方位错开了。
这说明0004 Your ship must speed up.A. Reduce speed.—减速B.C. Change speed.—变速D. Stop engine.—停车你船必0005 Your explanation ______all right.AB. Have sounded.C. Is sounding.D. Is sounded.你的说明很好。
丝绸之路航海英语作文
丝绸之路航海英语作文英文:The Silk Road Maritime English。
The Silk Road is a historically significant trade route that connected the East and West, facilitating the exchange of goods, culture, and ideas. While the Silk Road is often associated with overland trade routes, the maritime Silk Road also played a crucial role in connecting the ancient world.I have always been fascinated by the maritime Silk Road and the impact it had on global trade and cultural exchange. The maritime Silk Road refers to the sea routes used by ancient traders to transport goods such as silk, spices,and other luxury items between China, India, the Middle East, and Europe. These sea routes were essential for the transportation of goods that were too heavy or bulky to be transported overland.The maritime Silk Road was not only a means of trade but also a conduit for the exchange of ideas, religions, and technologies. For example, the spread of Buddhism from India to East Asia was facilitated by the maritime trade routes, as Buddhist monks and scholars traveled by sea to spread their teachings.The maritime Silk Road also saw the exchange of goods and technologies. For instance, Chinese ceramics and silk were highly sought after in the Middle East and Europe, while goods such as glassware and precious metals madetheir way from the West to the East. The exchange of technologies, such as shipbuilding techniques and navigation methods, also took place along the maritime Silk Road.The maritime Silk Road had a lasting impact on the regions it connected, shaping their economies, cultures, and societies. For example, the port city of Quanzhou in China became a thriving hub of maritime trade, with merchants from across the world converging to exchangegoods and ideas. Similarly, the port cities of the Middle East, such as Basra and Muscat, flourished as centers of trade and cultural exchange.中文:丝绸之路是一个在历史上具有重要意义的贸易路线,连接了东方和西方,促进了商品、文化和思想的交流。
船上航海英语作文
船上航海英语作文Sailing on the open sea is an experience that few can truly describe. The vast expanse of water stretching out to the horizon, the salty air, and the gentle rocking of the waves all contribute to a unique sense of freedom and adventure. As a student of maritime English, it's important to understand the terminology and phrases that are commonly used on a ship.Vocabulary:- Deck: The main working surface of a ship.- Hull: The body of the ship.- Stern: The rear part of the ship.- Bow: The front of the ship.- Port: The left side of the ship.- Starboard: The right side of the ship.- Mast: A tall vertical pole that supports sails.- Sail: A piece of material extended on a mast to catch the wind and propel the ship.- Rudder: A flat piece of wood, metal, or other material hinged to the stern post and moved by a tiller for steering. - Anchor: A heavy object attached to a ship by a rope or chain to hold it steady in a harbor or at sea.Phrases and Expressions:- Set sail: To begin a journey by boat.- Hoist the sails: To raise the sails to catch the wind.- Steer the ship: To control the direction of the ship.- Man the helm: To take control of the ship's steering.- Drop anchor: To lower the anchor to stop the ship.- Clear the deck: To make the deck ready for action or to keep it clear of obstacles.- Batten down the hatches: To secure the hatches to prevent water from entering the ship.- Aye, aye, Captain!: An affirmative response to an order given by a ship's captain.Sample Sentences:1. As we set sail, the crew hoisted the sails, and the ship began to glide smoothly over the water.2. The captain gave the order to steer the ship towards the open sea, and the crew responded with a hearty "Aye, aye, Captain!"3. With the wind at our back, we were able to batten down the hatches and enjoy a peaceful voyage.4. As we approached the harbor, the crew prepared to drop anchor and secure the ship for the night.5. The navigator carefully charted our course, ensuring that we stayed on the right path to our destination.Conclusion:Learning the language of the sea is as much about understanding the culture and history of seafaring as it is about the practicalities of navigation and ship management. Whether you're a student of maritime studies or simply fascinated by the world of sailing, mastering the English ofthe sea can open up a whole new world of adventure and discovery.。
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UNIT1 LESSON11.马来语是本地用语,而英语是宫方和商业用语。
2.该卷所覆盖的这些地区、通往港口的通道会出现高密度的交通流。
3.在这些影响因素,包括交通流的密度和集中程度的共同作用下,使得在海峡中的航行变得很困难,尤其是对于深吃水船舶。
4.从安达曼海北部进入,经由马六甲海峡北部的中央部分,从霹雳岛或半途岛的任一边通过。
5.新加坡共和国通过一条堤道和一座跨越柔佛海峡的桥梁与马来西亚半岛相连。
6.变化随着季风年复一年的前进、后退、强度改变一直持续着。
7.此海峡与南中国海东部的邻近水域都比较浅,以至于该地区的洋流造成一些潮汐现象8.在这段时期内的西北和东北风的平均风力约为4级,但是在新加坡的马六甲海峡南部的风会弱一点,且风向不定。
9.由于穿越航路和频繁的交叉,让碰撞危险相当高。
,而且还有可能遇到当地的渔船。
10.深吃水船舶和超大型油轮的船长在计划穿过此海峡的航线时应尤其注意航行限制。
LESSON 21.海图上所显示的信息随其比例尺的变化而变化。
2.如果简化的描述会导致与附近浮标的混淆,那么应该保留详细信息。
3.海图上一个位置点的小误差在大比例尺可能表现为几米,而在小比例尺海图上就可能是几链了。
4.修改(海图上)等深线。
比如删除深度给其他信息让路,若非是它们具有一些航海意义,航海通告上不会提及。
5.为了清晰的显示信息,其正确位置应该用圆圈和箭头来指示。
6.5011号海图提供了英版海图的缩写和图式,有A4纸这么大,非常便于携带。
7.水底礁石上的水深未知,但是我们认为它对水面航行有危险。
8.所有的这些告诫性的注释便于航海者确保安全航行的,比如避免:搁浅,接近渔具时损失,潜艇经常演刁区域的任何危险。
9.3482号海图上的位置与本区域拓制海图的位置在数量上是有一定差别。
位置应该通过距离和方位转变而不是经纬度。
10.此海图省略了20米等深线内的许多灯标和其他助航标志。
LESSON 31.使用者应该了解到数据在传送、显示或打印在使用者的设备上、转换为其他软件格式的时候很有可能出观损坏。
2.暂时性、预报性的通告会单面打印,以便与剪切和存档。
3.周版航海通告增补篇发布的数据更新会通过无线电警告传送。
X4.在某些情况下有选择性的发布重要信息以避兔负荷过重也是有必要的。
5.方便归档,通告编号后附年份,每月也会发布一次生效列表。
X6.插入附带注释,海底电缆,位于。
7.建议船员不要在邻近海底电缆的地方抛锚和拖网,有被及检举的风险。
8.省略了在大比例海图上己覆盖区域的海底电揽注释。
9.建议将这些翻印归档,随后还有每周翻印。
10.当船舶经过以下报告点的时候应该在VHF 13频道上向VTS中心报告。
LESSON 41.引用助航标时,相应的,要给出本地地理位置的全称2.当雷达信标与AIS设置在灯站上的时候,他们也应该包含在灯标表中。
3.当他们显示在灯站上时,天气,冰况,风暴,危险,潮汐,潮流,交通与港口信号时应当被提及,但是具体的信息可以参见相关航行指南。
4.任何种类长度小于50米或者小于300总吨的船加在装有VHF时且在紧急情况下,应当使用合适的交通带和分隔区以避免危险情况。
5.海峡报告系统也会给船舶提供一些特珠的,危险的可能会造成交通流冲突或者其他事关航行安全的信息。
6.《世界大洋航路》包含了的天气或者其他影响航行的因素,许多常用航线指南的线路、距离以及对这些航线造成危险的彩响。
7.用来计算距离的地球参数来自国际标准椭球体。
8.航线可以选择从马六甲海峡或是巽他海峡通过,并且是季节而变化的。
9对于马六甲海峡,航线为通过毛里求斯北部,进入从马达加斯加东南20海里科伦坡的恒向线。
10.对于巽他海峡,航路如6.98和6.99.2所示。
但是向西去往迪拜的船舶选择马六甲海峡是合适的。
UNIT2 LESSON11.海上雷达被用来测量船舶之间的方位距离以避免和他船碰撞,以及在岸台或者其它定位参照物如小岛、浮标、灯标的量程内时安全航行和定位。
2.无线电发射机发射一束快速的微波脉冲。
而接收机接收档住其路线的反射信号。
收到回波后,由计算机对其进行处理以确定反射信号的物标的相对距离、位置和方位。
3.环形距标圈用来测量到目标的精确距离,通过调整可变距离标尺可以测量任何雷达量程范围内的距离。
4.在北向上显示中,日标点被描绘在相对本船、北向上或者平面位置显示的顶端的真方向上的测量距离。
5.海浪抑制在通过短量程上减弱接收机的敏感度来减少或者消除因为船舶附近海浪运动而反射回天线的回波。
LESSON 21.陀螺罗经是一种没有磁性的罗经,通过靠电力驱动的快速旋转的圆盘和摩擦力来利用地球自转寻找真北。
2.然而磁罗经还广泛的在运用,由于它们具有体积小,技术简单可靠,价格也比较便宜,不需要能量供应。
不像GPS那样受目标的影响,比如一裸树就能档住电子信号的接受等优点。
3.陀螺罗经受到一些误差的限制,包括航行误差,在罗经自动校正之前,自差会随着航向,速度以及经度的快速变化而产生。
4.如果能量提供由于某种原因中断,确认检查一下。
如果有必要,在能量提供回复之后校准罗经复示器。
5.这是令人满意的,然而,定期的去检查松散的连接部件,滑油以及耐磨部件,需要的时候做一些必要的调整。
LESSON 31.全球定位系统是基于空间位置的全球航行卫星系统,地表或地球附近的任何地方均会被4颗或更多的卫星无盲区覆盖,从而全天侯提供位置和时间信息。
2.自功识别系统提供的信息是对航海雷达的补充,这也一直是避兔水上交通事故的主要方法。
3.电子海图显示与信息系统是一种将电子海图上的信息与GPS及其他航海传感器如雷达和AIS的位置信息一体化显示的系统。
4.差分CPS系统的目的就是利用参考台站测量GPS信号误差,计算出修正量修正从而修正误差。
5.在搜寻和营救行动中,AIS也是一个有用的工具,它能让SAR协调器监控所有涉及到救援工作的水面舰艇,航天器和直升机的运动。
UNIT 3 LESSON 11.对于半日潮,每个潮汐日有两次高潮和低潮,两次高低潮的会有较小的不同。
2.云是由悬浮在大气中微小的水汽和水汽冷凝形成的冰晶组成的。
3.平流雾最有可能在海上遇到且分布最广,他是潮湿气流在较冷的海面上流动冷却形成的。
4.反气旋是高压区域,它们的中心和低气压比经常不明朗。
通常是潮湿和稳定的天气。
5.相对湿度是指在给定气温下的水汽含童占此温度下空气可容纳水汽最大量的比例。
LESSON 21.位于新西兰南岛上空的975mb和980mb的两个中心低压正在缓慢向东南方向移动。
2.大范l围的低压正在给菲律宾附近的海域带来不稳定的天气。
3.在东北部〔海域)有偏西北风占到7级,起初,间或8级东风,正转为4级,风向不定,然后偏东或偏东北6级风转为8级阵风。
4.在菲律宾附近海域有零星阵雨和雷暴雨。
5.8日0600utc以后,顶计在中心50一180海里范围的西北象限内,风力达到10级狂风。
UNIT 4 LESSON 11.进距:操舵后重心相对于初始航向平行线所移动的纵向距离。
旋回圈上任一点都有一个进距值,如果一个有关进距值的表格没有其他说明,此值通常表示船首向改变90度。
2.旋回初径:当船首向改变180度时,横向移动的距离。
需要特列说明的是,旋回初径不是横向移动最大距离。
3.旋回圈己成为所有船舶表明舵效的标准操作方法。
除了旋回圈定义的航速损失和倾角变化之外的几何参数都被考虑进去了。
4.应当注意的是,标准是给装有传统推进器和操舵系统的建立的。
因此,为了建立被遵守的标准和方法,可能会被组织不定期的重订和更新,同时将新的枝术、研究成果和当前标准的经验考虑进去。
5.尽管有1, 2段提及的各点,标准适用于所有超过100米的的装各种有类型舵和推进器的船舶,以及所有化学品船和液化船,不论其船长为多少。
6.Z型实验是周期性的向任一侧操己知度数的舵,使其船首向自初始方向偏离一己知角度的操作。
10度/10度Z型实验是按照以下步骤周期性的向任一侧操10度舵以让船首向自初始方向偏离10度。
LESSON 21.船舶装卸作业包括操纵和通过主机、操舵以及施轮协助来控制船舶。
靠泊是指船舶驶进泊位并挽牢。
船舶可能靠泊在左舷或者右舷,或者靠泊在船首或船尾。
2.船长,引航员和拖轮船长必须具备足够的关于当地潮流,风的情况,水深和助航标志的知识,但是他们也必须把推进器的横向和轴向推力考虑进去。
3.当首揽松开时,尾倒揽应开始拉紧。
潮流的影响会使船舶沿倒揽袖向旋转,使船首移动离开泊位。
在泊位和船舶一边移动的潮水的重量迫使船尾有一点远离码头。
4.在去前甲板前,通知机舱在甲板上供能,供水。
第一,移开锚链筒上的盖子,清理锚链管。
然后,确保锚机的离合器脱开,刹车刹牢。
UNIT 51.每一船舶在任何时候都应该以安全航速行驶,以便能采取适当而有效的避碰行动,并能在适当的环境和情况的距离内把船停住。
2.如装有雷达设备并可用,则应正确予以使用,包括远距离扫描,以便获得碰撞危险的早期警报,并对探测到的物标进行雷达标绘或者与其相当的系统观察。
3.为避免碰撞所采取的任何行动应遵循本章各条规定,如当时环境许可,应是积极的,应及早的进行和充分注意运用良好的船艺。
4.使用分道通航制的船舶通常在通航分道的端部驶进或者驶出,但从分道的任何一侧驶进或者驶出时,应与分道的交通总流向形成尽可能小的角度。
5.当两艘机动船在相反或者接近相反的航向上相遇致有碰撞危险时,各应向右转向,从而各从他船的左舷驶过。
6.除己断定不存在成撞危险外,每一船当听到他船的雾号显似在本船正横以前,或者与正横以前的他船不能避免紧迫局面时,应将航速减小到能维特其航向的最小速度。
壮哉我航海1201!!!!。