高考英语必背知识点总结归纳

高考英语必背知识点总结归纳【篇一】高考英语必背知识点总结归纳

被动语态概述

被动语态的概念：它是动词的一种形式，表示主语与谓语之间的执行或被执行关系。主动语态表示主语是谓语动作的执行者，例如：They saw the little boy crying by the river.被动语态表示主语是谓语动作的承受者，例如：The little boy was seen crying by the river.

被动语态的构成

被动语态的形式是由“助动词be+动词的过去分词”构成。助动词be随着主语的人称、数、时态等的不同而变化。几种常见时态的被动语态形式如下：

1.一般现在时am/is/are+过去分词

例如：Rice is planted in the south of China.

2.一般过去时was/were+过去分词

例如：These trees were planted the year before last.

3.一般将来时will/shall+be+过去分词

例如：A sports meeting will be held next week in our school.

4.现在进行时am/is/are+being+过去分词

例如：Your radio is being repaired now.

5.过去进行时was/were+being+过去分词

When he got there,the problem was being discussed.

6.现在完成时have/has+been+过去分词

His work has been finished.

Has his work been finished? Yes,it has./No,it hasn’t.

7.过去完成时had+been+过去分词

注意：1.除了be之外的其它系动词如get,stay等也可以和过

去分词构成被动语态。例如：Their questions haven’t got answered.

2.含有情态动词的谓语变成被动语态使用“情态动词+be+过去分词”结构。例如：

More attention should be paid to the old in this country.

This work can’t be done until Mr.Black es.

3.含有“be going to”,“be to”等结构的谓语，其被动语态分别用“be going to+be+过去分词”和“be to+be+过去分词”。例如：The problem is going to be discussed at the next meeting.

All these books are to be taken to the library.

4.被动语态与系表结构的区别：“连系动词+用作表语的过去分词”构成的系表结构，与被动语态的形式完全一样，所以应注

意它们的区别。被动语态中的过去分词是动词，多强调动作;系表结构中的过去分词相当于形容词，多强调状态。前者通常可用by 引出动作的执行者，而后者则不可以。例如：

The map was changed by someone.(被动结构)

That custom remained unchanged for many centuries.(系表结构)

系表结构中的过去分词通常可被very修饰，被动语态中的过去分词往往要用much修饰。

例如：He was very excited.(系表结构)

He was much excited by her words.(被动结构)

5.主动形式表被动意义。有些动词的主动形式有被动意味，如open,read,sell,shut,wash,wear,write等。此时句子的主语一般是物。

例如：These books sell well.这些书很畅销。

The door won’t shut.这门关不上。

The clothes wash well.这些衣服很好洗。

【篇二】高考英语必背知识点总结归纳

1情态动词与助动词

1、can能，可以，表说话人同意，许可还可表客观条件许可，如:You can go now.

提建议或请求时可用can I, can you表客气，如Can I buy you a drink?

can和be able to表能力时的区别。

can表一般具有的能力，be able to表在特定条件下的能力，如:Although the driver was badly hurt,he wasable to explain what had happened.

2、may

(1)可以，表说话人同意，许可或请求对方许可。You may go.

(2)(现在和将来)可能，也许，只用于肯定句和否定句中，如He may not be right.

3、must,have to

must表主观上的必须，have to表客观上的必须，如:It"s getting late. I have to go. -Must I go now.-Yes,you must.(No, you needn"t./ No, you don"t have to.)

4、need,dare这二词有实意动词和情态动词两种词性，如用

作实意动词后接动词不定式to do，如用作情态动词后接动词原形。Need I go now? --Yes, you must./No, you needn"t.)

5、shall用于第一人称疑问句中表说话人征求对方的意见或

向对方请求，如，Shall we begin our lesson?用于二、三人称陈述句，表说话人命令、警告、允诺、威胁等口吻，如: You shall fail if you don"t workharder.

6、should表应该，意为有责任，有义务。如:We should try our best to make our country more beautiful.

7、will表有做某事的意志、意愿、安心、打算，如"Will you lend me your book?" "Yes, I will."

8、should have done表应该做而未做