中考适应性考试试卷及答案
2024届黑龙江省哈尔滨市第113中学中考适应性考试英语试题含答案
2024届黑龙江省哈尔滨市第113中学中考适应性考试英语试题含答案注意事项:1．答题前，考生先将自己的姓名、准考证号码填写清楚，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2．答题时请按要求用笔。
3．请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效；在草稿纸、试卷上答题无效。
4．作图可先使用铅笔画出，确定后必须用黑色字迹的签字笔描黑。
5．保持卡面清洁，不要折暴、不要弄破、弄皱，不准使用涂改液、修正带、刮纸刀。
Ⅰ. 单项选择1、There _________ a basketball match between Class Two and Class Four this afternoon.A．is going to be B．will have C．is going to have2、—What are you looking for?—I’m looking for the ring________my husband bought me last year.A．which B．who C．whom D．where3、﹣Driving less，walking more is good for our health．﹣So I'd rather ________ an hour's walk to work than ________ driving a car．A．take；consider B．take；to considerC．to take；to consider D．taking；considering4、---How is your close friend Katie?---Oh, she’s moved to another city, so I’ve ever seen her since then.A．completely B．hardly C．simply5、Lily is my classmate. We each other since she came to our school.A．know B．knew C．have known D．will know6、Robin is a great actor, he is also a good father.A．or B．but C．so D．and7、- Yesterday I received a letter from John.- You did? I hear he is leaving for America .A．twice a year B．for two weeks C．next year D．last month8、The strawberries delicious. You can have a try.A．eat B．drink C．taste D．sound9、—Li Lei, I read a Chinese folk story with the name “ Yu Gong Moves a Mountain” and I find it interesting.—Yes, it is popular among us, and this story us that you can never know what's possible unless you try to make it happen.A．reminds B．memorizes C．reflect10、He is _________ boy, but he knows _________ French words.A．a so little; so many B．a such little; so manyC．so a little; so much D．such a little; so manyⅡ. 完形填空11、One hot afternoon, a poor farmer was digging his field. Suddenly, his spade (铲) hit something. It was a big metal1 which was big enough to boil rice for more than one hundred people. "It does not seem to be of any use to me. I will dig2 . Maybe I will find something else," thought the farmer. He3 to dig.Feeling tired, he threw the spade into the pot and sat under a tree to 4 . When he got up to leave, he could not 5 his eyes. There were one hundred spades in the pot. What a 6 pot!After that, he put a 7 into the pot. Then he found one hundred mangoes in the pot. 8 that pot, he became a rich man. The King came to know of the pot, 9 he was very greedy (贪婪的). “I want to find out the10 of the magical pot. If it is valuable, it should be 11 , " the King thought. So, at once, he ordered his men to bring the farmer and his pot.The King 12 the pot and did not know what to do. He thought, "Let me see what is inside this pot that makes this pot so magical?" He slipped (滑) and 13 inside the pot. After climbing up out of the magical pot, he was 14 to find that there were one hundred Kings.All the Kings then 15 among themselves and died. This magical pot has killed the King himself!1．A．bottle B．bowl C．plate D．pot2．A．higher B．nearer C．deeper D．earlier3．A．chose B．decided C．hoped D．continued4．A．have a rest B．have a meeting C．have fun D．have a try5．A．fix B．believe C．open D．close6．A．exciting B．terrible C．magical D．beautiful7．A．mango B．spade C．king D．man8．A．In B．With C．Without D．By9．A．but B．so C．or D．and10．A．price B．secret C．cost D．wealth11．A．the farmer's B．mine C．yours D．his12．A．looked after B．looked for C．put away D．looked at13．A．fell B．jumped C．joined D．felt14．A．relaxed B．excited C．shocked D．bored15．A．stayed B．competed C．discussed D．foughtⅢ. 语法填空12、根据短文内容及所给提示，补全文中单词或用所给单词的正确形式填空。
2023-2024上深圳中考适应性考-道法-答案
2023-2024学年深圳市初三年级中考适应性考试道德与法治卷参考答案一、单项选择题（共12题，每题2分，共24分）二、非选择题（共2题，13题12分，14题14分，共26分）13（1）【参考答案】社区通过议事会协商解决民生问题，体现了协商民主是社会主义民主政治的特有形式和独特优势；反映了全过程人民民主是最广泛、最真实、最管用的民主（或人民当家作主是社会主义民主政治的本质特征）；彰显了基层群众自治制度的优越性。
（评分细则:本题共4分，围绕协商民主、人民民主的真谛、人民当家作主、全过程人民民主、基层群众自治制度等角度作答，观点正确可赋分，回答正确两个方面得4分。
）13（2）【参考答案】①深圳市科学立法，出台相关规定，为社区居民维护合法权益提供法律依据；②深圳市行政机关严格执法，依法查处水电燃气乱加价行为，促进了社会的公平正义；③深圳市拓宽公民参与民主生活的渠道，保障公民的监督权，为公民意愿的充分表达提供有效途径。
（评分细则:本题共6分。
围绕科学立法、严格执法、参与民主生活等方面作答，每个方面含措施1分，作用1分，回答正确3个方面得6分。
）13（3）【参考答案】①增强法治观念，坚决不在楼道乱堆乱放各类物品；②增强安全意识，主动清理楼道等公共场所的杂物；③增强责任意识，积极宣传在楼道堆放杂物的危害。
（评分细则:本题共2分，能从两个不同角度作答，且观点正确得2分。
）14（1）【参考答案】①有利于提高经济发展活力，促进高质量发展；②有利于进一步深化改革开放，不断提高对外开放水平；③有利于落实创新驱动发展战略，为其他地区发展提供经验借鉴；④有利于香港融入祖国发展大局，为香港繁荣稳定提供新机遇。
（评分细则:本题共4分，围绕高质量发展、改革开放、创新、香港发展等角度作答，每个方面1分，共4分。
）14（2）【参考答案】“故宫热”现象反映了国人对源远流长、博大精深的中华文化的热爱。
①“故宫热”得益于其链接了传统与现代：故宫是中华优秀传统文化的代表，见证着中华文化的源远流长、博大精深；故宫博物院坚持文化创新，实现了中华优秀传统文化的创造性转化、创新性发展。
山西2024年中考适应性模拟测试 (一)英语试卷及答案
山西2024年中考适应性模拟测试（一）英语试卷（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：120分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．将答案写在答题卡上。
写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
听力部分（共20分）一、情景反应（每小题1分，共5分）本题共5个小题，每小题你将听到一组对话。
请你从每小题所给的A、B、C三幅图片中，选出与你所听到的信息相关联的一项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑1．A．B．C．2．A．B．C．3．A．B．C．4．A．B．C．5．A．B．C．二、对话理解（每小题1分，共5分）本题共5个小题，每小题你将听到一组对话和一个问题。
请你从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
6．A．To the store.B．To the park.C．To the cinema.7．A．At8:30.B．At9:00.C．At9:30.8．A．Doing exercise.B．Eating healthily.C．Going to bed early.9．A．It can make her relax.B．It can make her sleepy.C．It can cheer her up.10．A．She was good at physics.B．She studied hard at physics.C．She improved a lot in physics.三、语篇理解（每小题1分，共5分）本题你将听到一篇短文。
请你根据短文内容和所提出的5个问题，从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
11．Who invited Frank to come into the garden?A．Frank’s mother.B．The gardener.C．The boy.12．What did Frank’s mother tell him not to do?A．Touch anything.B．Trouble other people.C．Make his clothes dirty.13．How did the gardener feel about Frank?A．He was mad at Frank.B．He was surprised by Frank.C．He was pleased with Frank. 14．Why did the gardener refuse the boy to come into the garden?A．Because he broke the gate.B．Because he picked some fruit.C．Because he took away the flowers. 15．What can we learn from Frank’s experience?A．We should treat strangers politely.B．The beauty of flowers can make us happy.C．Stay away from the things which don’t belong to us.四、听力填空（每小题1分，共5分）笔试部分（共100分）五、补全对话（每小题1分，共5分）Hi,Asproject?Yes.ItButproject.Hmm,information?Goodpm.六、完形填空（每小题1分，共8分）请阅读下面短文，理解其大意，然后从每小题所给的A、B、C三个选项中，选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
2024年广东省深圳市中考物理适应性试卷(含解析)
2024年广东省深圳市中考物理适应性试卷一、选择题1.2023深圳首届食博会会场美食飘香，这说明( )A. 分子间存在引力B. 分子间存在斥力C. 分子在不停地运动D. 分子可以再分2.下列用电器正常工作时，电流最大的是( )A. 台灯B. 电热水壶C. 电风扇D. 电子手表3.西汉的《春秋纬》中有对“玳瑁吸喏”的记载，描述的是摩擦过的玳瑁外壳吸引轻小物体的现象，产生此现象的原因是( )A. 摩擦过的玳瑁外壳带电B. 摩擦可以创造电荷C. 摩擦使原子核发生转移D. 摩擦过的玳瑁外壳升温4.某电蒸笼有高、中、低三个挡位，下列能实现类似功能的电路是(R1>R2)( )A. B.C. D.5.如图所示，闭合开关后，发现白炽灯泡L1比L2亮，则( )A. 通过L1的电流较小B. L2的电阻较大C. L2两端电压较小D. 若将L1与L2调换，L2更亮6.如图所示，电源电压恒定不变，电阻R1和R2分别浸没在等量红色热消失液体中(温度越高，液体颜色越浅)。
通电1min，R2的颜色比R1浅，下列说法正确的是( )A. 电阻R1>R2B. 电压U1>U2C. 电流I1<I2D. 热量Q1<Q27.实验表明，物质的比热容会随温度的变化而变化。
如图为铝的比热容随温度变化的图像，下列判断正确的是( )A. 铝的比热容随温度升高而减小B. 铝的比热容在100℃～110℃区间比在160℃∼170℃区间随温度变化更快C. 一定质量的铝吸收相同热量，100℃的铝比160℃的铝温度变化小D. 一定质量的铝从100℃升高至110℃吸收的热量比从160℃升高至170℃吸收的热量多二、非选择题8.在如图中改动一根导线，使开关能同时控制L1和L2。
请在需改动的导线上打“×”，并画出改动后的导线。
9.图甲所示为太阳能电动玩具车，闭合开关，当足够强度的光照射太阳能电池板时，小车运动，请在图乙虚线框中画出太阳能电池(用干电池符号表示)驱动玩具车的电路图。
山西2024年中考适应性模拟测试 (一)数学试卷及答案
山西2024年中考适应性模拟测试（一）数学试卷（考试时间：120分钟试卷满分：120分）注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B 铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。
如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。
写在本试卷上无效。
3．回答填空题时，请将每小题的答案直接填写在答题卡中对应横线上。
写在本试卷上无效。
4．回答解答题时，每题必须给出必要的演算过程或推理步骤，画出必要的图形（包括辅助线），请将解答过程书写在答题卡中对应的位置上。
写在本试卷上无效。
5．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、选择题：本题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分。
1．计算：()163⎛⎫-÷- ⎪⎝⎭的结果是()A.18- B.2C.18D.2-2．下列环保标志图案既是轴对称图形，又是中心对称图形的是()A. B. C. D.3．下列各式计算正确的是()A.248a a a ⋅= B.336a a a += C.()23639a a -=- D.222(12)4ab a b -=4．如图，该几何体的左视图是()A. B. C. D.5．古希腊时期，人们认为最美人体的头顶至肚脐的长度与肚脐至足底的长度之比是512-，著名的“断臂维纳斯”便是如此.若小明的身高满足此黄金分割比例，且肚脐至足底的长度为108cm ，则小明的身高约为()A.155cmB.165cmC.175cmD.185cm6．不等式组2022x x +>⎧⎨≤⎩的解为()A.21x -<≤B.21x -<<C.21x -≤≤ D.21x -≤<7．小明学习了物理中的欧姆定律发现：电阻两端的电压=电流强度×电流通过的电阻.已知某滑动变阻器两端电压恒定，当变阻器的电阻调节为10Ω时，测得通过该变阻器的电流为24A ，则通过该滑动变阻器的电流I （单位：A ）与电阻R （单位：Ω）之间的函数关系图象大致是()A. B. C. D.8．如图，正六边形螺帽的边长是2cm ，这个扳手的开口a 的值应是()B.cmC.3cm D.1cm9．如图，随机闭合开关1S 、2S 、3S 中的两个，则能让灯泡⊗发光的概率是()A.12B.13C.23D.1410．如图是二次函数()20y ax bx c a =++≠的一部分，对称轴是直线2x =-，关于下列结论：①0ab <；②240b ac ->；③<0a b c -+；④40b a -=；⑤方程20ax bx +=的两个根为10x =，24x =-.其中正确的结论有()A.①③④B.②③⑤C.①②⑤D.②④⑤二、填空题：本题共5小题，共15分。
北京海淀区2024届中考适应性考试英语试题含答案
北京海淀区2024届中考适应性考试英语试题含答案注意事项1．考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回．2．答题前，请务必将自己的姓名、准考证号用0．5毫米黑色墨水的签字笔填写在试卷及答题卡的规定位置．3．请认真核对监考员在答题卡上所粘贴的条形码上的姓名、准考证号与本人是否相符．4．作答选择题，必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上对应选项的方框涂满、涂黑；如需改动，请用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案．作答非选择题，必须用05毫米黑色墨水的签字笔在答题卡上的指定位置作答，在其他位置作答一律无效．5．如需作图，须用2B铅笔绘、写清楚，线条、符号等须加黑、加粗．Ⅰ. 单项选择1、- I think we should take not only an umbrella but also a raincoat with us.- ________. In my opinion, an umbrella is enough.A．I'm OK B．I'm afraid not C．I disagree D．Y ou're welcome2、Why not ___________ your teacher for h elp when you can’t finish ___________ it by yourself?A．ask; write B．to ask; writing C．ask; writing D．asking; write3、—These problems are too hard to _________. Could you give me some advice?—There are many ways. The most important one is to have a careful plan.A．look out B．hand out C．work out D．take out4、—What do you think of your English teacher?—She is a good and caring one. Though her teaching style that of most other teachers, she always has more creative teaching methods than others do.A．is similar to B．is similar as C．the same as5、I __________ to Canada twice. It’s so beautiful.A．won’t go B．have goneC．don’t go D．have been6、Mike looked the girl up and down．He wondered ______.A．where does he meet her B．where had he met herC．where he meets her D．where he had met her7、Do you often go to the theater? It’s a great place to enjoy the latest films with others. To be a good moviegoer(常看电影的人), you shouldn’t ________.①eat and drink noisily②put your feet on the back of the seats③be on time④use your phone or other mobile devices (移动设备).⑤stay quiet during the filmA．②③④B．①②④C．①④⑤8、Neither Amy nor her parents ______ to Australia, but _______ of them know Australian customs very well. A．have been, all B．have been, both C．has been, neither D．has been, none9、--- Why not_______bike riding with us tomorrow afternoon?--- I prefer_______TV at home.A．go, to watch B．going, to watchingC．to go, watching D．going, watching10、If you keep working with your courage(勇气) and belief, you can reach the stage(舞台) on which you can show all your _____.A．furniture B．talents C．collectionsⅡ. 完形填空11、Dear Kate,It is very exciting that you are coming to our school so soon. 1 you arrive, let me introduce to you what our school life is like.Our school is a good 2 where we can prepare ourselves well for the future. We have many wonderful teachers who are always ready to 3 help. Though we pay a lot of attention to how 4 we do in lessons, getting high scores is not the only reason to study. The 5 encourage us to try out new ideas and ask questions in class. With their help we have developed all kinds of 6 in both Arts and Science. Students can choose to 7 any school clubs they are interested in. We can 8 choose the subjects that we want to study. Last term I chose American Literature, because I wanted to learn 9 famous American writers. This term I chose to attend 10 classes because my father bought me a piano as a birthday present.By the way, I was elected monitor of my class. Sometimes it can be 11 to be a monitor, because I have to do a lot of work and attend many meetings. However, being a monitor has taught me a lot, such as 12 for others and taking responsibilities and so on. When my class was given the title of “Model Class”, I was13 than ever before. So being a monitor 14 an important part in my school life. I’m very pleased with my work.I love my school and 15 that you will have a pleasant experience here too. I am looking forward to seeing you soon. YoursLi Ping1．A．When B．After C．Before D．Since2．A．room B．space C．place D．house3．A．need B．ask C．want D．offer4．A．deep B．well C．fast D．hard5．A．teachers B．parents C．classmates D．friends6．A．activities B．characters C．personalities D．interests7．A．join B．train C．design D．visit8．A．also B．just C．yet D．only9．A．with B．about C．for D．among10．A．art B．music C．cooking D．dance11．A．exciting B．tiring C．interesting D．surprising12．A．cooking B．copying C．caring D．checking13．A．luckier B．kinder C．stronger D．prouder14．A．plays B．takes C．makes D．acts15．A．wonder B．know C．hope D．feelⅢ. 语法填空12、Stanford is a world famous university on the west coast of the U.S. It was built by Stanford and his wife in memory of their only son who 1．(die) of a strange disease.Tourists are often surprised at the beauty of Stanford. Among the green trees, buildings 2．yellow walls and red tops make up a beautiful picture. Many tourists wonder 3．yellow and red were chosen. That’s because they were the 4．(favorite) of Mrs. Stanford.The big church is 5．(important) building in Stanford. It stands at the centre. It was built by Mrs. Stanford to remember her husband who devoted (贡献) 6．(him) to the university. There, students and teachers can communicate with God and hold great activities, such as concerts and celebrations.The tallest building in Stanford in Hoover Tower, which is the land mark of 7．university. A man named Hoover had done a lot for the university. The things he once used can 8．(see) on the first floor. On the top of the tower, tourist can have a good look at the whole campus (校园).9．one of the world top universities, Stanford has many subjects that stand among the top 10．(one) in the world. And computer science has been the first for many years. If you want to study computer in a university abroad, maybe it is your best choice.Ⅳ. 阅读理解A13、Birthday Traditions in Different CountriesEnglandCertain symbolic objects are mixed into the birthday cake as it’s being prepared．If your piece of cake has a coin in it，then you will be rich．Also，when it’s your birthday，your friends give you the“bumps”．They lift you in the air by your hands and feet and raise you up and down to the floor；one for each year you lived，then another one or two for luck．DenmarkA flag is flown outside a window to show that someone who lives in that house is having a birthday．Presents are placed around the child’s bed while he/she is sleeping，so he/she will see them at once upon awakening．HollandSpecial year birthdays such as 5，10，15，20，21 are called“crown”years．The birthday child receives an especially large gift on a crown year birthday．The family also decorates the birthday child’s chair at the dining room table with flowers，paper streamers and balloons．CanadaThe birthday child’s nose is greased（涂抹）with butter for good luck．The greased nose makes the child too slippery for bad luck to catch him/her．In some parts of Canada，the birthday person even receives a punch（一拳）for each year he/she is alive and then one for good luck．BrazilThe birthday child receives a pull on the ear for each year he/she has been alive．The birthday person also gives the first plece of cake to his/her most special friend or relative，usually mom or dad．KoreaThere is a big family party on the first birthday．The table is set with food，and four items：a pencil，a ruler，thread，and money．The item that the baby chooses is said to forecast his/her future：excellent student，good with hands，long life or riches．South AfricaOn the twenty-first birthday，a key made of anything from paper to silver to gold is presented by the parents as a sign that the child is ready to unlock the door to their future．1．If a British friend is raised up and down to the floor 21 times on his birthday，he is most likely（可能的）tobe ．A．23 B．22 C．21 D．202．The following tradition is mentioned in the passage EXCEPT for ．A．receiving a pull on the face B．having a big family partyC．greasing butter on the nose D．placing presents around the child’s bed3．In which countries do people celebrate their 21st birthday specially？A．Canada and England．B．Holland and South Africa．C．Brazil and Holland．D．Denmark and Korea．4．The passage mainly tells us ．A．people in different countries have their own special year birthdaysB．people always have a big birthday party at home in different countriesC．people in different countries celebrate their birthday in different waysD．people always know a 1-year-old baby’s future from the item he choosesB14、Three rich ladies met every day by the river. They sat there and talked the whole day. Once the three ladies quarreled(争吵). One of them said. “Look, how white and beautiful my hands are!”Another one said, “My hands are more beautiful.” The third one said, “Mine are the most beautiful ones.” An old beggar（乞丐）woman came up to them. “Beautiful ladies,” she said, “I’m hungry. Please give me something to eat.”But the three ladies gave her no thing. They only asked, “Tell me, old woman, which one of us has the most beautiful hands?”A peasant（农民）woman was also sitting by the river. She was poor and her hands were rough（粗糙的）because of hard work. The old woman came up to her and said, “I’m hungry. Please give me something to eat.” The peasant woman took out her only cake she had and gave her a half.The old woman ate it and drank some water. Then she took the peasant woman by the hand, brought her before the rich ladies and said, “Now, I shall tel l you whose hands are the most beautiful. The hands of the poor peasant woman are rough because of work, but they give us food; they are far more beautiful than your hands which have done nothing.”1．The three ladies ___________.A．had a quarrel every dayB．were rich but unkindC．had a talk about their hands every dayD．lived by the side of the river2．The old woman asked for something to eat, ___________.A．but none of the three rich ladies gave anything to herB．but only one of the three ladies gave her half a cakeC．because she wanted to know whose hands were beautifulD．because she wanted to know which lady was the richest3．The peasant woman’s hands were not so white as the three ladies’ ___________.A．because of the hard work she had doneB．but she was stronger than any of themC．so she didn’t quarrel with the three ladiesD．but she was more beautiful than any of themC15、The advice to"let go"of negative (消极的) feelings is repeated in yoga classes and self-help books. Now a new study suggests it really brings lasting health advantages. Those who had a hard time getting over daily troubles had more physical health problems ten years later.If you are likely to think over daily troubles--running through every "what if" and "if only"-- it makes you feel that's a big deal. Maddux said, “You probably find you feel even worse after a night of thinking. If that cycle is repeated over time, it will wear you down."The study results are based on 1,155 people who took in a national health study. Each day, the people described their feeling changes over the past 24 hours. During the 10-year mark, only 17 percent of the people have no physical health problems, and only 20 percent are satisfied with their physical strength. But those who always say they have negative feelings because of daily troubles are more likely to have the physical problems, the finding showed.People can be likely to have bad feelings for a longer time for many reasons. For some people, worries or anger could drive it. Many others naturally have a more nervous feeling or are likely to think over and over again. But even if you are born to be negative, that can be changed."Yes, it's hard to 'let go'," Leger said. But people can develop that skill through practice, in which you train the mind to pay attention to the present, rather than worries about the past."Paying attention to the present, especially on things you are grateful for, has been shown to have several advantages, "Leger said.1．What does the study result show us?'A．1, 155 people say they have physical health problems.B．During 24 hours, people never change their feelingsC．Only 17% of the people have no physical health problems.D．Only 20% don’t feel quite good about their physical strength.2．The underlined expression "that skill" in Paragraph 5 refers to _______.A．asking "what if”B．letting it goC．caring about the past D．thinking over and over3．The purpose of the passage is to _______.A．introduce different kinds of negative feelings.B．help people know about the national health studyC．teach readers the ways to let the negative feelings goD．ask people not to think over too much about the daily troubles4．Which part of the magazine is the passage most probably from ?A．Technology Part B．Advertisement Part.C．Health Study Part D．Chemical Research Part.D16、Do you know why different animals or pests (昆虫) have their special colors? Colors in them seem to be used mainly to protect themselves.Some birds like eating locusts (蝗虫), but birds cannot easily catch them. Why? It is because locusts change their colors together with the change of the colors of____When crops are green, locusts look green. But as the harvest time comes, locusts change to the same brown color as crops have. Some other pests with different colors from plants are easily found and eaten by others. So they have to hide themselves for lives and appear only at night.If you study the animal life, you’ll find the main use of coloring is to protect themselves. Bears, lions and other animals move quietly through forests. They cannot be easily seen by hunters (猎人). This is because they have the colors much like the trees.Have you ever noticed an even stranger act? A kind of fish in the sea can send out a kind of very black liquid (液体)when it faces danger. While the liquid spreads over (散开), its enemies (敌人)cannot find it. And it immediately swims away. So it has lived up to now though it is not strong at all.1．From the passage we learn that locusts________.A．are small animalsB．are easily found by birdsC．change their colors to protect themselves2．How can pests with different colors from plants keep out of danger?A．They run away quickly.B．They have the colors much like their enemies.C．They hide themselves by day and appear at night.3．What does the underline phrase“crops”mean?A．灌木丛B．庄稼C．水草4．Which of the following is NOT TRUE?A．Bears and lions can keep safe because their colors are like the treesB．Some pests can’t change their colors with the crops.C．The kind of fish can live up to now because its black liquid can kill its enemies.5．Which is the best title for this passage?A．The Change of Colors for Animals and PestsB．The Main Use of Colors for Animals and PestsC．Colors of Different Animals and PestsE17、Have you ever had a nightmare(噩梦)? Almost everyone has one once in a while. A nightmare is a bad dream, which may make you feel scared, anxious, or upset, but nightmares are not real and can't harm you. While you are sleeping, your brain just doesn't stop working. Although it is normal to have nightmares once in a while, there are some ways you can try to he get them under control.Get into a health sleeping habit. Try to go to bed and wake up at fixed time every day. Unless you’re sick or didn’t get enough sleep the night before, avoid naps during the day. Avoid eating or exercising too much just before bedtime. Avoid scary books or movies before bedtime, or they might cause nightmares.Sleep with a toy or your favorite blanket(毯子).This helps you feel safe. Use a nightlight. With a nightlight, if you wake up from the nightmare, you will be able to see familiar things and remember where you are.Keep your door open. This will help you remember that your family are near to you. If you are scared, get up and take comfort from one of them. You are never too old to hug them. Most of the time, nightmares are not big problems. You can tell your bad dreams to an adult you trust. What’s more, Just talking about what happened might make you feel better. If something has troubled you during the day, discussing those feelings might also help.You should learn how to get a good sleep, which is very important for health.1．What can we learn from Paragraph One?A．Nightmares can make us feel scared B．Only a few people have nightmaresC．Nightmares are not real but can harm us D．Our brains stop working while we are sleeping.2．Which is NOT true about a healthy sleeping habit?A．Enjoy long naps during the day B．Avoid scary books or movies before bedtime.C．Do n’t eat or exercise too much before bedtime. D．Go to bed and wake up at fixed time every day3．Why is a nightlight useful?A．Because it can help people feel safeB．Because it can help people avoid a nightmare.C．Because it can help people remember where you are.D．Because it can help people find the way to others’ rooms.4．If you are scared after a nightmare, you can_______ according to the text?A．get up and eat some food B．get up and hug your familyC．take a shower and continue sleeping D．talk with a stranger about the dream.5．What is the best title for the text?A．What are nightmares? B．How to keep healthyC．How to deal with nightmares D．Why are nightmares harmful?F18、Tsunami(海啸)is a natural disaster，which is a Japanese word that means “sea wave”．A tsunami is a huge sea wave that forms mainly in the Pacific Ocean area. People die and property is destroyed when a tsunami hits land. What causes these dangerous sea waves？Sometimes，tsunamis are caused when earthquakes take place underwater. Then，water begins to move up and down from the top of the ocean right down to the bottom. Waves begin to form，and each wave is called a tsunami.A tsunami is less than one meter high and can move at a speed of almost 800 kilometers per hour while it is far out in the ocean. But the tsunami rises higher and higher and moves more slowly as it comes closer to land.The weather bureau(气象局)warns people over the radio and television when a tsunami is heading for land. These warnings have helped save many lives.1．The Japanese word “tsunami” means ______.A．earthquake B．sea wave C．ocean water D．tornado2．According to the passage，a tsunami can be caused by ______.A．an underwater earthquakeB．heavy rainsC．waves hitting landD．tornado3．As the tsunami moves toward land，it______.A．picks up more speedB．becomes far less dangerousC．rises higher and higherD．rises lower and lower4．According to this passage，______.A．a tsunami can’t cause lots of troubleB．people can save their lives when a tsunami is comingC．the warning from the weather bureau can help people save their livesD．no one can escape when a tsunami is comingⅤ.书面表达19、好的团队要有团队精神。
浙江省温州市2024学年中考适应性考试英语试题含答案
浙江省温州市2024学年中考适应性考试英语试题含答案考生请注意：1．答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。
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Ⅰ. 单项选择1、You are sure to fail the exam ________ you study hard.A．if B．unless C．since D．that2、One is filled with knowledge always behaves with elegance（优雅）.A．which B．who C．how D．what3、—________ delicious cakes your mother made for us!—I am glad that you enjoyed them.A．How B．What C．How a D．What a4、Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng are the ______ of our nation.A．proud B．pride C．prize D．price5、- Your room is in a terrible mess, Tom. Don’t leave your books here and there.- OK, _____. I’ll _____ in five minutes.A．I won’t; put them away B．I will; put them offC．I will; put them away D．I won’t; put off them6、They will lose the game _______ they try their best.A．unless B．once C．since D．after7、— Jane. I hear there will be an art club in our school.—Wonderful! I can’t wait to it.A．join B．repeat C．forget D．receive8、Read it aloud ________ the whole class can hear you clearly.A．so that B．if C．when D．although9、I really like the ________ of this chocolate. It is a star.A．smell B．taste C．color D．shape10、—________?—It’ s making an awful noise.A．How do you like the machine B．What’ s wrong with the machineC．Why do you turn on the machineⅡ. 完形填空11、It was quite cold last Tuesday, and I was waiting for No. 59 bus as usual. The bus was about to come inabout 15 minutes. But I 1 so cold that I went to the nearby Hongqi Chain and bought something 2 to drink. Then I came back to the station. A junior high school girl was standing there, waiting for the bus too. She looked very unhappy because of the cold 3 . I gave her one of the two hot cocoa cans I bought in the store and we had a little4 while warming our hands with the hot cocoa.She said, “I will have the piano test 5 a week, but I’m afraid I can’t pass. I am so worried.” Hearing her words, I told her some of my stories and something funny to make her 6 , later she became happy again. She thanked me and told me she wished to meet me again. I 7 and said, “YES”. Because the bus came and I had to leave 8 .We may never see each other again. But I’m9 to her for sayin g “wish I could meet you again”and showing an open heart to me. In today’s world, it’s not an easy thing to believe in a10 . That young girl helped me more than I could have helped her. She touched my heart.1．A．felt B．smelt C．tasted D．sounded2．A．cheap B．cold C．hot D．expensive3．A．place B．direction C．sound D．weather4．A．speech B．talk C．problem D．question5．A．in B．on C．at D．for6．A．leave B．stop C．relax D．come7．A．cried B．laughed C．shouted D．smiled8．A．quickly B．slowly C．quietly D．silently9．A．helpful B．hopeful C．careful D．thankful10．A．tourist B．stranger C．friend D．doctorⅢ. 语法填空12、短文填空Other fail little it surprised they possible back serve be call toThousands of people 1．attracted(吸引) to a 2-meter-wide lane in Tongcheng, Anhui province this spring festival. Although it was 2．to count the exact number, at3．5,000 people visited it each day.This narrow lane4．Liuchi Lane in Chinese, won greater popularity after the story behind it was broadcast（播放）on a CCTV show. At first glance it may seem unimportant, but to those who know5．history，Liuchi Lane means much more than its appearance. In the early Qing Dynasty, it 6．as the boundary(边界) between Zhang family and Wu family. They quarreled（争论）fiercely over which family had the right to build a wall on the dividing line. After 7．to make a compromise（妥协）, the Zhangs turned to Zhang Ying, a family member of Zhangs and also a top official in theemperor’s court. To their8．, Zhang Ying did not provide the support they needed. He called for his family to move back 1 meter from the boundary. Seeing that, the Wus agreed to move 9．another meter, thus Liuchi Lane was born.In reality, the story of Liuchi Lane is not only about how to get along with10．, but also a guideline for all the officials in ChinaⅣ. 阅读理解A13、1．Where can you enjoy a program for free?A．Classical rock, literally.B．Expansive endeavors.C．In bloom.D．Ballet NY.2．If a person with heart problem goes to Ballet NY, he will _________.A．enjoy some wonderful dancesB．be cured of his illnessC．dance on the stageD．drink coffee for free3．If you are a music fan, you should go to _________.A．Expansive endeavors B．Classical rock, literallyC．Ballet NY D．In bloom4．If three adults go straight to the Byham Theatre and buy tickets just before the festival starts, how much will they spend?A．$40. B．$30C．$45. D．$35.B14、I have a neighbor we call “Happy”. I have never seen her angry at anything and never heard her say a harsh (苛刻) word to anyone or about anyone.Happy and her husband Ben, 70, have a huge garden. They spent many happy hours together working on it. Most of the neighbors watched interestingly as Ben doubled the size of their garden. As the cost of food climbed faster than Ben’s beans, we all wished we also had such a large garden. As the rest of us spent our dollars at the market, Happy could beseen picking beans in her back yard.Last month, Happy and Ben invited most of the neighborhood over for an “all-day food fes t”. We were told to bring gloves and arrive very early in the morning. We didn’t know what was about to take place.By 9:00 am, there were nine of us in the garden picking tomatoes, beans, okra, and squash. By 10:00 am, there was lots of laughter. We share d a lot of stories. By five o’clock, everyone was a little drunk from the wine and beer. After dinner, we played games. As we were leaving, Happy and Ben handed each of us a shopping bag filled with the bounty（收成）of the day, already packaged and frozen. What a delightful gift!Well, the point wasn’t so much about the food. The true gift was a day of friends enjoying one another’s company. None of it would have happened if it had been for Happy and Ben’s garden. Now they have a blog about gardening in case w e decided to plant a garden. And I am so proud of my tomato plants!1．（小题1）According to paragraph 2, people wish they also had a garden so that_______.A．they didn’t have to spend so much money on foodB．they could grow vegetables and sell at the marketC．they could invite their neighbors and hold parties in itD．they could spend happy times together with their family in it2．（小题2）For what purpose did Happy and Ben invite the neighbors to their garden?A．To ask them to attend a birthday party.B．To help them get to know each other.C．To let them enjoy what they grew in the garden.D．To ask them to share some interesting stories.3．（小题3）What did the writer most probably think of the time he spent in the garden?A．It was too long. B．It was wonderful.C．It was not as good as he thought. D．It was too terrible.C15、What will you do if you are in trouble on a lonely island? Surely you need to find a way to get in touch with the outside world. Your best chance of doing this is to attract the attention of a passing plane.Body languagePilots(飞行员) from different countries understand body languages if they have the correct training. When you put your arms up and down in a straight line, it means, “yes”. When you point down and swing (摇摆) your arm from side t o side, it means “no”. If you want the pilot to know that it’s safe to land, push your hands out in front of you andbend(弯下) your knees. If you want to say that it’s not safe to land, put your arms up in the air and move them to oneside.Start a fireThe smoke from a fire can be seen from far away, so it's a good way to attract attention. If the weather is dry, it isn’t hard to start a fire. Remember, however, that fires can be very dangerous if they lose control. Never light a tire unless you’re sure that it can’t spread. If the ground is dark, light smoke can be seen more easily. Green grass and leaves produce light smoke.Ground- to- air marksIt’s a good idea to make some marks, too. Use large pieces of wood to make the marks. If you can’t find any wo od, use earth. Some useful marks are:F :“I need food and water”II:“I need medicine.”I:“I am badly hurt.”X:“I can’t move from here”So next time, if you meet this problem and can’t get away from the island, try the advice above.1．Which of the following means “It’s not safe to land”?A．A B．B C．C D．D2．If you are hungry and thirsty, you should draw_________ on the ground.A．F B．II C．I D．X3．From the passage, we can learn that ___________.A．Putting up and down your arms in a straight line means “No”B．Y ou should start a fire when you are sure it will spreadC．It’s a good idea to use flowers and grass to make marks on the groundD．Y our body language, smoke and ground marks are helpful to save you out4．The passage is mainly about _______.A．ways of living on a lonely islandB．ways of asking for help on a lonely islandC．body languages on an islandD．the importance of making marks on an islandD16、Long long ago, an elephant and a monkey lived in the same forest. They were good friends, but both of them were very proud. The elephant thought of himself strong, and the monkey felt himself quick.One day they went to ask the old bird, “Can you tell us which one of us is more important?” The old bird didn't give them the answer at once. However, he asked them to get some bananas on the other side of the river and bring them to him.So the elephant and the monkey went to the river, but the water ran so fast that the monkey was afraid.“Get on my back, Monkey,” said the elephant, “I shall take you there. I'm big and strong, and I can swim across the river.”Soon they got to the other side. The elephant tried to reach the bananas, but they were too high. “Wait a minute, please.I can climb,” said the monkey. He quickly ran up the tree and gave the bananas to th e elephant.Then they came back happily to the old bird and showed him the bananas. “Now, you see, the elephant is strong,” said the old bird with a smile, “but he couldn't get the bananas; the monkey is quick, but he couldn't, either. Only you two could do the work well when you helped each other.”1．Both the elephant and the monkey are ______ in the story.A．quick B．proud C．strong2．According to the story, ______ is more important.A．the monkey B．the elephant C．neither3．Picture ______ shows the right position of the banana tree.A．B．C．4．They should ______ to get the bananas.A．first swim across the river and then come backB．first climb up the tree and then swim across the riverC．first swim across the river and then climb up the tree5．The best title for the story is “______”.A．Teamwork is important B．An elephant and a monkey C．Strong or quickE17、I grew up in New Hampshire, a small town in South Canada, where in my father’s words for the seasons were “Spring, Summer, Fairtime and Winter!”At that time, a week-long fair was held in the town every autumn. Thousands of people from other towns came to sell and buy things. It was the busiest time of the year.When “Fairtime” came, my grandma became the busiest person of the fami ly. Grandma was a kind old lady. She was good at cooking. All her relatives liked the food she cooked. During “Fair time”, they would come to live in her house and have meals there. Grandma was always happy to look after them.Year after year, many people moved to big cities. There was no longer “Fairtime”. Grandma became very old and was gradually going blind. My parents and I moved to live with Grandma. We did our best to make her life comfortable.I was at high school then. What I often did at home was to help Grandma with the daily newspaper’s crossword puzzle. However, she didn’t look happy. She often sat in her room for hours, without saying a word.To attract（吸引）people to move back, the Town Hall decided to reopen the fair. One day, when I came back from school, I saw Grandma wearing her glasses, washing the dishes in the kitchen. With a big smile on her face, she looked much younger. She told me that her two nieces(侄女) would come. “They said the food I cooked was very delicious and they wanted to s tay in my house again,” Grandma said happily. “They will stay here for one week and we can have a big party. That must be the busiest week I’ve had in years!”I suddenly realized that Grandma didn’t want to be looked after. She wanted to be “useful” and he lpful.根据短文内容，选择最佳答案。
河南省开封市兰考县重点中学2024学年中考适应性考试语文试题含解析
河南省开封市兰考县重点中学2024学年中考适应性考试语文试题注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。
用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角"条形码粘贴处"。
2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。
答案不能答在试题卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答无效。
4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、积累与运用1．下列文学常识、文化常识表述正确的一项是（）A．诸葛亮的作品源远流长：《诫子书》谆谆告诫儿子“淡泊明志，宁静致远”，《出师表》向后主刘禅提出“亲贤远佞”的建议，《三顾茅庐》表达了对刘备赏识的感激之情。
B．《陋室铭》与《爱莲说》的作者分别是刘禹锡和周敦颐，他们皆属“唐宋八大家”，题中的“铭”与“说”在古代都是一种文体，可叙事，可议论。
C．话剧剧本主要由人物对话组成，有时也会安排大段独白表达人物的心理和情感。
郭沫若历史剧《屈原》第五幕，屈原就用了大量的独白表达了对风、雷、电的赞颂。
D．法国作家莫泊桑《我的叔叔于勒》与德国作家都德《最后一课》表现手法异曲同工，都是通过人物前后态度行为的转变折射社会现实，前者反映人情冷暖，后者体现家国情怀。
2．下列有关文学、文化常识的表述不正确．．．的一项是（）A．“江入大荒流”“长河落日圆”中的江、河指的是长江和黄河。
B．范进进学回来，中了举人，接下去要参加的是会试。
C．《战国策》《史记》《左传》分别是中国传统史书体裁中的国别体、纪传体、编年体史书。
D．莫泊桑是法国作家，与美国欧·亨利、俄国契诃夫并称为世界三大短篇小说之王。
2024年四川省广安市岳池县中考适应性考试英语试题含答案
2024年四川省广安市岳池县中考适应性考试英语试题含答案注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。
2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。
3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。
Ⅰ. 单项选择1、— Jane, could you tell me ______ the beautiful kite?— Oh, I bought it in a shop near the park.A．where you bought B．where will you buyC．where did you buy D．where you will buy2、Don't watch short videos on KuaiShou (快手）APP all the day, it is funny but _______ all your valuable time. Don't you know that the final exams are drawing near（临近）?A．takes after B．takes down C．takes off D．takes up3、--What age did you leave home ?--I left home at 18. I ___your city for five yearsA．have gone to B．have been to C．have been in D．have come to4、At first we doubted Eric’s ter it was made after he gave a lot of examples.A．believable B．enjoyable C．comfortable D．available5、—TV says there will be a storm tomorrow.—___________, I planned to go climbing with my classmates.A．I hope so B．I’m afraid soC．Sounds good D．Bad luck6、— The model plane is so cute. Whose is it？—It’s ______. He made it ______.A．David’s; itself B．David’s ; himself C．David; himself D．David ; itself7、—Is it cold______winter here? —No, it isn’t. The temperature normally stays______zero.A．in; above B．on; above C．in; below D．on; below8、—I love my school. It always tries its best to our needs.—How lucky you are!A．satisfy B．realize C．encourage D．get9、Many old men prefer_____ in a peaceful countryside.A．to live B．living C．live D．lived10、- Could you please tell me _____?A．how soon will he be back B．how soon he will be backC．how long he will be away D．how long will he be awayⅡ. 完形填空11、One summer evening as I was caking dinner, there was a knock at the door. I 1 it and saw a truly bad-looking man. But his voice was 2 as he said, “Good evening. I come to see if you have a 3 for just one night. I came for a treatment this morning from the eastern shore, and there’s no bus till next morning.” He told me he had been hunting (寻找) but with no 4 I told him we would find him a bed, but to rest on the porch (门廊). I went inside and prepared dinner. When we were ready, I asked him if he would like to 5 us. “No, thank you. I have plenty.” When I had 6 the dinner, I went out to talk with him. It didn’t take a long time to see that this old man had oversize heart crowded that tiny body. He told me he fished for a living to 7 his daughter, her five children, and her husband, who was hopelessly disabled from a back injury. At bedtime, we 8 a bed in the children's room for him. On his next trip, as a gift, he brought a big fish and some fresh oysters (牡蛎) I had never seen. In the years he came to 9 overnight with us, and there was never a time he did not bring us some fish or vegetables from his garden.I know our family will always be thankful to have known him, from him we learn what it was to accept the bad withouta complaint and the good 10 thanks.1．A．felt B．opened C．repaired D．painted2．A．boring B．angry C．scary D．pleasant3．A．room B．bus C．television D．cake4．A．success B．dinner C．job D．problem5．A．call B．visit C．join D．invite6．A．checked B．finished C．prepared D．cooked7．A．provide B．fetch C．educate D．support8．A．put B．planted C．covered D．discovered9．A．help B．play C．work D．stay10．A．from B．for C．with D．withoutⅢ. 语法填空12、Mr Black works hard these days and is very tired. In the morning Mrs Black wanted to go shopping. She drove the car out and Mr Black 1．(sit) on the back seat. Mrs Black stopped their car near a shop. "You can't stop here, dear," Mr Black said. "Can't you see the sign 'No2．(park)' there? I 3．(not care) ," said Mrs Black. "Well, I 4．(stay) in the car and have a sleep," Mr Black said."I5．(be) too tired."police station. Of course Mr Black 6．(take) there too. He was still asleep on the back seat!Ⅳ. 阅读理解A13、Too many people want others to be their friends, but they don’t give friendship back. That is why some friendships don’t last very long. To have a friend, you must learn to treat your friend the way you want your friend to treat you. Learning to be a good friend means learning three rules: be honest, be generous(慷慨的), be understanding.Honesty is where a good friendship starts. Friends must be able to trust one another. If a friend finds out that you aren’t honest, you may lose your friend’s trust. Good friends always ask one another to speak and act honestly.Generosity means sharing. You don’t have to give your lunch money or your clothes to your friends. Instead you have to learn how to share things you enjoy. And naturally you will want to share your ideas and feeling. They tell your friends what is important to you. By sharing, your friends can know you better.Sooner or later everyone needs understanding when something goes wrong. Talking about the problem can make it easie r to solve. So to be a friend, you must learn to listen and understand. You must try to put yourself in your friend’ place, so you can understand the problem better.No two friendships are ever exactly the same. But all true friendships have three things in common. If you plan to keep your friendships you must practice honesty, generosity and understanding.1．Some friendships don’t last very long because _______.A．most of people are honest and generousB．people treat their friends in a proper wayC．people don’t want to make friends with othersD．too many people don’t give friendship back2．According to the passage, being honest is _______.A．the whole of a good friendshipB．the beginning of a good friendshipC．not as important as the other two rulesD．less important than the other two rules3．In the third paragraph, the underlined word “They” means _______.A．lunch money B．ideas and feeling C．your clothes D．your things4．Who needs understanding when something goes wrong?A．Everyone does. B．Our friends do. C．No one does. D．We do.5．The best title for this passage is _______.C．How to Be a Friend D．Three Important Points in LifeB14、In almost every big university in the USA, football is a favorite sport. American football is not like soccer. Players sometimes kick the ball, but they also throw the ball and run with it. They try to take it to the other end of the field. They have four chances to move the ball ten yards. They can carry it or throw it, If they move it to the end of the filed, they receive six points. This is called a touch down.It is hard to move the ball. Eleven men in the team try to stop the man who has the ball. If the man does not move the ball ten yards, his team kicks the ball to the other team.Each university wants its team to win. Thousands of people come to watch. They all yell for their favorite team. Young men and women called cheerleaders come on the field to help the people yell more. They dance and jump while they yell. Each team plays ten or eleven games each season. The season begins in September and ends in November. If a team is very good, it may play another game after the season ends. The best teams play again on January 1, the first day of the New Year. Many people go to see these games and many others watch them on TV.1．In America, football players can _______.A．only kick the ballB．only throw the ballC．kick, throw and carry the ballD．do anything they like2．If a team wants to get points , it has to move the ball _____.A．10 yards B．to the other endC．away from its own end D．to the other team3．Most teams begin to play games in _______.A．September B．OctoberC．November D．each seasonC15、In ancient times, a king had a boulder (巨石）placed on a roadway. He then hid himself and watched to see if anyone would move the boulder out of the way. Some of the king’s wealthiest business men and courtiers (朝臣）came by and simply walked around it.Many people even loudly blamed the king for not keeping the roads clear, but none of them did anything about getting the stone out of the way. They just complained and went away. A peasant (农民）then came along carrying a large bag of vegetables. Upon getting closer to the boulder, the peasant laid down his burden and tried to push the stone out of the road. After trying and pushing for a long time, he finally succeeded.After the peasant went back to pick up his vegetables, he noticed a purse lying in the road where the boulder had been. In the purse there were many gold coins and a note from the king explaining that the gold was for the person who removed the boulder from the roadway. If you were on the way, what would you do? Complain it or move it away? Every difficulty we come across in life gives us an opportunity to improve our situations, and while the lazy people complain, the others are creating opportunities through their kind hearts, generosity (慷慨大方)and willingness to get things done.1．Why did the king put such a boulder on a roadway?A．In order to make the roadway special.B．In order to stop someone who are lazy from walking to his country.C．To see if anyone would move the boulder out of the way.2．What did many people do with the big stone on the way?A．They just complained and didn’t do anything about it.B．Many of them tried to move it but failed.C．Many thought it was the king’s duty to move it away from the road.3．The peasant got the stone out of the way successfully by ________.A．pushing it without any hard workB．trying and pushing hardC．using his large bag of vegetables4．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A．Many people didn't find the stone on the way.B．The peasant got a lot of money after moving away the stone.C．The king wasn’t glad to see the peasant removed the boulder fr om the roadway.5．We can infer (推断）from the passage that ________.A．all things are difficult before they are easyB．it is never too late to mendC．opportunities are for those who are willing to do something with kindness and generosity16、For travelers with a sense of adventure and who so want to experience some of the history and mystery of the ancient world, here is a list of cool destinations that you may want to consider for your next holiday.Angkor Wat, CambodiaBuilt in the 12th century, Angkor Wa t (meaning “capital monastery”) was a temple in the ancient Khmer capital city of Angkor. It is Cambodia’s best-known tourist attraction and appears on the country’s flag. The temple is known for its beautiful architecture and reliefs. You'll need at least three days to fully discover the delights of the magnificent site. Machu Picchu, PeruMachu Picchu was built high in the Andes Mountains of South America by the Inca in the 15th century. Although well preserved its exact purpose is unknown. It is famous throughout the world not only for its incredible design but also for the natural beauty that surrounds it. Give yourself a week to explore this magnificent site and make you’re fit as there will be a lot of climbing.Stonehenge, EnglandThe entire Stonehenge site was constructed over thousands of years. But why and how it was built remains a mystery. As the weather can be pretty bleak in winter and the crowds huge in summer, we suggest autumn is the best time to visit these monster rocks.Pompeii, ItalyWhen Mount Vesuvius erupted in 79 A．D．, Pompeii was buried under many layers of ash, preserving the city exactly as it was when the volcano erupted. Because so many objects were preserved, archaeologists and visitors are able to better understand daily life in the ancient Roman Empire.1．Which location offers the most direct view into daily life in the ancient world?A．Pompeii. B．Stonehenge.C．Ankor Wat. D．Machu Piccu.2．Why may people want to visit Machu Piccu?A．To climb the Andes Mountains. B．To discover how it was built.C．To explore both history and nature. D．To learn to speak Spanish.3．When is the best time to visit Stonehenge?A．Summer. B．Spring. C．Winter. D．Autumn.4．Where would you probably read such an article?A．In a history textbook. B．In an archeology（考古）journal.C．In a travel magazine. D．In an adventure novel.17、Some time ago I discovered that one of my chairs had a broken leg. I didn’t think there would be any difficulty in getting it repaired, as there are a lot of antique (古董) shops near my home. So I left home one morning carrying the chair with me. I went into the first shop expecting a friendly reception(接待). I was quite wrong. The man wouldn’t even look at my chair.The second shop, though slightly more polite, was just the same, and the third and the fourth--so I decided thatmy approach must be wrong.I entered the fifth shop with a plan in my mind. I placed the chair on the floor and said to the shopkeeper, “Would you like to buy a chair?” He looked it over carefully and said, “Yes, not a bad chair. How much do you want for it, sir?” “Twenty pounds,” I said. “OK,” he said, “I’ll give you twenty pounds.” “It’s got a slightly broken leg,” I said. “Yes, I saw that, it’s nothing.”Everything was going according to my plan and l was getting excited. “What will you do with it?” I asked.“Oh, it will be easy to sell once the repair is done.” “I’ll buy it,” I said. “What do you mean? You’ve just sold it to me,” he said. “Yes, I know but I’ve changed my mind. I am sorry. I’ll give you twenty-seven pounds for it.” “Y ou must be crazy,” he said. Then, suddenly the penny dropped. “I know what you want. You want me to repair your chair.” “You’re right,” I said. “And what would you have done if I had walked in and said, ‘Would you repair this chair for me?’” “I wouldn’t have agreed to do it,” he said. “We don’t do repairs, not enough money in it and too much trouble. But I’II repair this for you. Shall we say for five pounds?” He was a very nice man and was greatly amused by the whole thing. 1．We can learn from the text that in the first shop the writer_______.A．was rather impolite B．was warmly receivedC．asked the shopkeeper to buy his chair D．asked the shopkeeper to repair his chair2．The expression "the penny dropped" in the last paragraph means the shopkeeper_______.A．changed his mind B．accepted the offerC．saw the writer’s purpose D．decided to help the writer3．How much did the writer pay?A．￡5. B．￡7. C．￡20. D．￡27F18、1．How much money can a tour guide get for working eight hours a day?A．$24. B．$48. C．$72. D．$96.2．If you find Lizzie the cat, you should ______.A．call 555-3826 B．call 555-4863C．********************D．keep it as your own pet3．According to the information above, which of the following is TRUE?A．A tour guide doesn’t have to speak English.B．Andrew can help you find a house with a yard.C．A single girl can rent a room for$35 a month.D．The owner will give you a large pet if you find Lizzie.Ⅴ.书面表达19、David是宁夏大学的一名留学生，现在，他想写封信将这里的生活情况告诉在英国的父母。
湖北省荆州市2024学年中考适应性考试语文试题含解析
湖北省荆州市2024学年中考适应性考试语文试题注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号、考场号和座位号填写在试题卷和答题卡上。
用2B铅笔将试卷类型（B）填涂在答题卡相应位置上。
将条形码粘贴在答题卡右上角"条形码粘贴处"。
2．作答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑；如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案。
答案不能答在试题卷上。
3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。
不按以上要求作答无效。
4．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。
考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、积累1．下列词语中加横线字的读音正确．．的一项是（）A．倔强（jué）脸颊（jiá）徘徊（huái）花团锦簇（chù）B．蝉蜕（tuì）讪笑（chán）哺育（bǔ）锋芒毕露（lòu）C．拂晓（fú）绥靖（suí）阻遏（è）锐不可当（dāng）D．诘责（jié）不逊（xùn）黝黑（yǒu）长吁短叹（yū）2．下面各项中加点字的注音完全正确的一项是A．诅．咒（zǔ）腻．味（nì）蔫．巴（niān）溢．于言表（yì）B．摩挲．（sūo）殷．红（yīn）蹊．跷（qī）万事俱．备（jǜ）C．剔．透（tì）撺掇．（duo）宁．可（nìn）明眸．善睐（mó）D．遴．选（líng）卷帙．（zhì）摒．弃（bìng）果实累．累（lěi）3．依次填入下面一段文字横线处的词语，最恰当的一项是（）作家在小说作品中如何处理个人的情感，是依赖、纵容，还是遏制、，这是一个需要探索的问题。
湖北省武汉市部分学校2024年中考适应性考试英语试题含答案
湖北省武汉市部分学校2024年中考适应性考试英语试题含答案注意事项1．考生要认真填写考场号和座位序号。
2．试题所有答案必须填涂或书写在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。
第一部分必须用2B 铅笔作答；第二部分必须用黑色字迹的签字笔作答。
3．考试结束后，考生须将试卷和答题卡放在桌面上，待监考员收回。
Ⅰ. 单项选择1、Betty you the answer as soon as she works it out later.A．tells B．told C．will tell D．is telling2、Don’t be afraid of new words. Y ou can ________ in a dictionary.A．look at them B．look for them C．look them up3、—Can you spare time to come to our Thanksgiving party?—Well, I don’t knowA．that I can finish my work by thenB．if can I finish the work by thenC．whether I can finish the work by then4、— Can Mr King spare some time for the evening party?— If he ______, he will try his best to make it.A．will be invited B．is invited C．invites D．will invite5、The T-shirts are all wonderfu l. But in my son’s eyes, the blue one is ____________.A．nicer B．nicest C．the nicest6、—Hi, Jack! What about playing soccer after school?—I’d love to, but it’s my grandfather’s ______ birthday and we will have a celebration.A．ninetith B．ninetieth C．nintieth7、Which of the pictures below tells people not to drive after drinking?A．B． C．D．8、— Tom, which subject do you like ______, math or English?— Math.A．well B．better C．best D．the best9、Our teachers have been with us for nearly three years we came to junior high school. We should thank them for what they have done for us.A．until B．before C．since D．while10、--Jane, could you tell me _____ the ticket yesterday?--Oh ,yes. I bought it online.A．where you bought B．where you will buy C．where did you buy D．where will you buyⅡ. 完形填空11、Little Bob was born in a poor village in New York. His father has been ill for a long time and can not do1 at all. Bob’s mother is very2 with the housework besides working. Bob understands how hard his mother works, and he always helps her3 some housework.4 he has too much housework to do, his mother is still very strict with him. There are some family rules for Bob.He must 5 his things in his room and keep them tidy. If he makes them dirty, he must clean them up6 .He is allowed to keep a parrot, a cat and a dog, but he must feed them often and give them water by 7 every day. After school, he is allowed to play with his pets for a short time. As for his cl othes, he isn’t allowed to 8 his own clothes. When his clothes are dirty, he should wash them by himself.On school nights, he can’t go out 9 and only on weekends, he is allowed to watch TV.Sometimes Bob hates the rules so much that he wants to break them, but he thinks the rules his mother has made are 10 for him, so he obeys them carefully.1．A．something B．nothing C．anything D．everything2．A．angry B．mad C．busy D．afraid3．A．with B．of C．for D．in4．A．If B．Unless C．Though D．Because5．A．take off B．take good care of C．put off D．put on6．A．slowly B．quickly C．clearly D．hardly7．A．himself B．herself C．themselves D．myself8．A．make B．choose C．find D．wear9．A．fast B．deep C．alone D．hard10．A．good B．bad C．wrong D．terribleⅢ. 语法填空12、Diet and way of life are often a problem for teenagers. However, 1．you eat the right food and exercise more, you can feel better, look better and have more energy. So healthy eating along with regular exercise is 2．( probable) the only way to become fit.As a teenager, it is important to give your body the energy 3．needs. For a healthy diet, you should eat mostly rice, bread, vegetables and fruit. You also need to drink a lot of water — six to eight glasses a day.4．(drink) enough water will improve your skin and give you 5．(health) hair.Exercise is something 6．can help to make you look good, feel good and be healthy. Teenagers should spend at least30 minutes exercising, five times a week. Walking and riding your bike count, and so do school 7．(sport). When you exercise, your body produces some things that make you feel peaceful and 8．(relax) and increase your ability to concentrate when you study. These things can even help you sleep better at night. A good amount of sleep every night 9．(be) also important for your health. Teenagers need eight to ten hours of sleep each night.If you follow the suggestions above, you will look and feel much 10．(good) in no time at all.Ⅳ. 阅读理解A13、 Aissue: 发行fab : 绝妙的；惊人的；极好的；难以置信的1．We may get the advertisement above_______.A．on television B．in kid’s cartoonsC．in the Go Wild newspaper D．in Primary Times2．In the ma terial, “Peckish” on the bag most probably refers to _______.A．a garden bird food B．a kind of birdC．a bird program D．a bird website.3．The activities have something to do with _______.A．a free tour of Bird World B．a fab family prizeC．tickets to the Westland D．fun-filled schooling4．The advertisement offers information mainly to ______.A．teachers B．small kids C．parents D．gardeners5．From the material, we can learn that________.A．the kids have to feed the birds in the WestlandB．the activities last from October 25 to November 2C．the kids are not allowed to turn on their screens in OctoberD．a free child’s tour of St James’ Park is not included in the prizeB14、We humans live in different parts of the world, but we have the same “mother”. She gives us everything we need in our daily life. She is our Mother Earth.April 22 is Earth Day. The theme of this year is “Green Cities”.A green city is a healthy and pleasant place for people to live, according to the United Nations. A green city can get its energy fromregenerativesources like solar (太阳能的) and wind power. Also, it is connected by clean public transportation. Moreover, a green city is made up of facilities (设施) that can save energy and reduce waste.Around the world, many cities and countries have done well to build themselves in a green way. Chicago is well known for its green roof (屋顶) program. These roofs are covered with plants. The plants get a great amount of rainwater. Later, the water evaporates (蒸发) to help make the air cool and clean. So far, there are about 360 green roofs in Chicago, according to the US Environmental Protection Agency.Curitiba, Brazil, has great transportation(运输). It opened the world’s first bus rapid transit (BRT) system in 1974. BRT runs on special lanes. This makes sure that buses are on time even in traffic jams. With the help of BRT, the city has the lowest level of air pollution in Brazil. Today, many other countries have copied BRT, including China and Mexico. Singapore is home to the first zero-energy building in Southeast Asia. Zero energy means a building is able to create more energy than it uses. Zero-energy buildings work with solar panels (板) mainly on roofs. These panels can make electricity which powers the buildings. By 2030, Singapore plans to build 80 percent of its buildings like this.1．What is a green city according to the United Nations?A．A city with many green trees and flowers.B．A green place for people to live.C．A healthy and pleasant place for people to live.D．A place is green for people to live.2．The theme of Earth Day this year is “”.A．Green Roofs B．Green CitiesC．Reducing and Recycling D．Environmental Protection3．The underlined word “regenerative” in Paragraph 3 means “”.A．getting terrible things and smellsB．giving new life and freshnessC．reducing waste thingsD．producing old materials again4．From the passage, we learn that in the three cities .A．people are encouraged to grow plants on their roofsB．special lanes (车道) are designed to solve traffic jamsC．people make good use of solar and wind energyD．people are provided with a pleasant place to live5．The passage is mainly developed by .A．giving examples B．explaining reasonsC．listing suggestions D．showing different opinionsC15、It's not W ASTE until it is WASTED!With the World Environment Day coming, our school is now requiring every student to form a habit of sorting the waste. Here in our schoolyard we lay four different colors of rubbish bins for different kinds of rubbish. The red is for harmful waste; the blue is for waste that can be recycled (循环再用); the green is for kitchen waste; the yellow is for other waste.The followings are some instructions for you.Glass: Empty bottles without caps can be recycled to make new glass bottles.Warning: Mirrors and light bulbs (电灯泡) must not be included in the glass waste.Paper: Newspapers, magazines, boxes must be clean enough to be recycled.Warning: Paper tissues (餐纸) and wall paper are not recyclable as paper and should be kept separately.PMD waste: Packaging made of Plastic or Metal and Drink boxes are used to make new packaging.Warning: Plastic pots (e.g. yoghurt pots), plastic bags must not be included with the PMD waste.Harmful waste: out-of-date drugs, used batteries (电池), paint and oil…Besides, if you don't need your old bikes at all, our school volunteers will collect them. We're going to fix them up andthen give them away to kids who don't have enough money for a bike.To find out more about recycling, you can visit our school website.1．According to the passage, __________ different colors of rubbish bins are laid in the schoolyard.A．4B．5C．6D．72．The fish bones (骨) should be thrown in the __________ bin.A．redB．greenC．blueD．yellow3．From the passage, we can see that __________ are harmful to the environment.A．paper tissues B．empty bottlesC．drink boxes D．out-of-date drugs4．If you give your old bike to the volunteers, it will be __________.A．sold to collect money for the poor kidsB．fixed up and given back to you for freeC．fixed up and given away to the poor kidsD．given away immediately to the poor kids5．The main purpose of this passage is ________.A．to look for volunteers for waste sortingB．to introduce waste sorting to the studentsC．to introduce the World Environment DayD．to advertise glass, paper and plastic productsD16、How could we tell time if there were no watches or clocks anywhere in the world? The sun was probably the world’sfirst “clock”, except in the far north, where the Eskimos(爱斯基摩人) live. There, it’s dark most o f the winter, and light most of the summer. But in most of the world, people have used the sun for a clock. Even today, if you don’t have a clock, you still know that when the sun shines, it’s day, and when it’s dark, it’s night. The sun can also tell you if it’s morning, noon, or afternoon.People who live near the sea can tell time from the tides. In the daytime, for about six hours, the water rises higher and higher on the beach. And then it goes down and down for about six hours. The same thing happens again at night. There are two high tides and two low tides every 24 hours.Seamen on a ship learn how to tell time by looking at the moon and the stars. The whole sky is their clock.In some places in the world the wind comes up at about the same time every day or changes direction or stops blowing. In these places the wind can be the clock.A sand clock is an even better clock. If you had fine dry sand in a glass shaped like the one in the picture, you would have what is called an hourglass. The sand in the hourglass goes from the top part to the bottom part in exactly one hour. When the hourglass is turned over, the sand will take another hour to go back again.1．According to(根据) the passage, there are ____________ ways to tell time besides（除了）the clock and watch.A．3 B．4 C．5 D．72．The Eskimos in the far north can’t use the sun for a clock because __________.A．they know very little about the sunB．the sun there never goes down in winterC．it’s too cold for them to go out to watch the sunD．it has long dark winters and long light summers3．The underlined(下划线) word “tides” in the passage means _____________.A．洋流B．潮汐C．海啸D．波浪4．In which page of a newspaper can you most probably read this passage?A．News B．Science C．Business D．Advertisement5．What’s the bes t title for the passage?A．Different Ways to Tell Time B．Useful Machines to Tell TimeC．The History of the Clock D．The Development of the ClockE17、Last year, Webster and her family gave away 30 pairs of shoes, Webster, 13, is a seventh- grader at Calvary Christian school in the US.I never really thought that there were people that don’t wear shoes and don’t get to have them,” said Webster. Lastyear, Webster and her classmates and staff at the school and Calvary Church donated more than 1,000 of shoes.This year, the school and church are still holding the activity. They collect new or lightly used shoes to Soles4Souls. It is a global nonprofit organization that gives shoes and clothing to people in need for free.Head of the school Troy saw Sole4Souls as a good way to develop the charitable(慈善的) giving. ”It’s amazing how easy it is to give away what we have in our closet already. And it doesn’t hurt too much,” he said. ”it’s just growing generosity(慷慨) in our students. It’s helping them to think beyond themselves..”The goal this year is to collect 1,500 pairs of shoes, Troy said. A group of students including Webster is heading up the thing. They create posters to put up around their school yard and spread the word to church members and their neighbors.Taking part in Soles4 Souls has also changed the way Bella, 12, thinks of shoes. Last year, she gave five pairs–including some she wanted to keep. Now she is looking forward to doing it.1．Who may donate the shoes to people in need?A．The students B．The staff at the churchC．The workers and teachers at school D．All of the above2．According to the passage, which of the following is TRUE?A．Webster and Bella gave away 45 pairs of shoes last year.B．Students only give away the shoes they have used before to the Sloes4SoulsC．Students can become generous when they take part in the charitable giving.D．It’s really hard to give away in clothes and shoes that we own.3．The nonprofit organization in the fourth paragraph means the organizations that are run(经营) . A．to ask people for the profitB．not for the purpose of making moneyC．by the governmentD．by some tradersF18、In Britain, the first day of the month of May is known as May Day. May day marks the end of the harsh(严酷的) winter months, welcomes the beginning of Summer, and optimistically looks forward to the bright and productive months.For their ancestors, largely in rural areas, it was a major annual festival and was celebrated(庆祝) through out the country, especially on the first day of May with music, dancing and games.How was May Day Celebrated in the past?May Day began early in the morning. People went out before sunrise in order to gather flowers and plants to make their houses and villages beautiful in the belief that the vegetation spirits(神灵) would bring good luck.A traditional May Day dance is Maypole Dancing，On May Day, people used to cut down young trees and stick them in the ground in the village to mark the arrival of summer.People danced around the tree poles in celebration of the end of winter and the start of the fine weather that would allow planting to begin. Maypoles are still a part of somevillage life and on May Day the villagers dance around it.May Day celebrations have their origins(起源) in the Roman festival of Flora, goddess(女神) of fruit and flowers, which marked the beginning of summer. So the highlight of the day was the crowning(为…加冕) of the May Queen(女皇), the human replica (模型) of Flora. By tradition she took no part in the games or dancing, but sat like a queen in aflower-decked chair to watch her 'subjects'.Ever since 1978, for the convenience of the general public, many May Day activities have now been moved to the new May Day holiday on the first Monday of the month. This Monday is a bank holiday, a day off school and work. There are more intereting celebrations on this day.1．In the old days, most people in Britain made their living by .A．fishing B．farming C．working in factories2．People in Britain celebrate May Day is to express theirA．pleasure and hope B．thanks and harvest C．freedom and new life3．Britain’s May Day holiday is on in 2010.A．May 1st B．May 3rd C．May 5th4．What is not mentioned in this passage?A．Special food. B．Special custom. C．Special activity.5．Which of the following statements is TRUE?A．Only children can take part in the Maypole Dancing.B．The queen of the UK came to watch her “subjects”.C．Children needn’t go to school on May Day holiday now.Ⅴ.书面表达19、你马上就要初中毕业了，恩师难忘，请你根据下面的提示，向大家介绍你的一位老师(Ms Wang)。
广东省深圳市2023-2024学年九年级中考适应性考试数学试题(含解析)
2024年广东省深圳市中考数学适应性试卷一、选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分，每小题有四个选项，其中只有一个是正确的）1．（3分）围棋在古代被列为“琴棋书画”四大文化之一，蕴含着中华文化的丰富内涵，如图所示是一个无盖的围棋罐，其主视图为（ ）A ．B ．C ．D ．2．（3分）已知x ＝1是关于x 的一元二次方程x 2+kx ﹣6＝0的一个根，则k 的值为（ ）A ．﹣5B ．﹣7C ．5D ．73．（3分）如图，在菱形ABCD 中，∠B ＝60°，连接AC ，若AC ＝6，则菱形ABCD 的周长为（ ）A ．24B ．30C ．D ．4．（3分）用配方法解方程x 2+2x ＝3时，配方后正确的是（ ）A ．（x +2）2＝7B ．（x +2）2＝5C ．（x +1）2＝4D ．（x +1）2＝25．（3分）如图，在由大小相同的小正方形组成的网格中有一条“心形线”．数学小组为了探究随机投放一个点恰好落在“心形线”内部的概率，进行了计算机模拟试验，得到如下数据：试验总次数100200300500150020003000落在“心形线”内部的次数61931652467599961503落在“心形线”内部的频率0.6100.4650.5500.4920.5060.4980.501根据表中的数据，估计随机投放一点落在“心形线”内部的概率为（ ）A．0.46B．0.50C．0.55D．0.616．（3分）一段加固后的护栏如图所示，该护栏竖直部分是由等距（任意相邻两根木条之间的距离相等）且平行的木条构成．已知AC＝50cm，则BC的长度为（ ）A．20cm B．25cm C．30cm D．7．（3分）击地传球是篮球运动中的一种传球方式，利用击地传球可以有效地躲避对手的拦截．传球选手从点A处将球传出，经地面点O处反弹后被接球选手在点C处接住，将球所经过的路径视为直线，此时∠AOB＝∠COD．若点A距地面的高度AB为1.5m，点C距地面的高度CD为1m，传球选手与接球选手之间的距离BD为5m，则OB的长度为（ ）A．m B．2m C．2.5m D．3m8．（3分）据报道，2020年至2022年深圳市居民年人均可支配收入由6.49万元增长至7.27万元，设这两年人均可支配收入的年平均增长率为x，可列方程为（ ）A．6.49（1+x）2＝7.27B．6.49（1+2x）＝7.27C．6.49（1+x2）＝7.27D．7.27（1﹣x）2＝6.499．（3分）如图是凸透镜成像示意图，CD是蜡烛AB通过凸透镜MN所成的虚像．已知蜡烛的高AB为5.4cm，蜡烛AB离凸透镜MN的水平距离OB为6cm，该凸透镜的焦距OF为10cm，AE∥OF，则像CD的高为（ ）A．15cm B．14.4cm C．13.5cm D．9cm10．（3分）如图，在菱形ABCD中，对角线AC与BD相交于点O，过点D作DF⊥AB于点F，交AC于点E．已知AE＝4，EC＝6，则的值为（ ）A．B．C．D．二、填空题（本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分）11．（3分）已知5a＝2b，则a：b＝ ．12．（3分）为测量广场上一棵树的高度，数学小组在阳光下测得广场上一根6m高的灯柱的影长为3m，在同一时刻，他们测得树的影长为2m，则该树的高度为 m．13．（3分）深圳某校举办了“博古通今，学史明智”的历史事件讲述大赛，选题有“鸦片战争”“香港回归”“改革开放”．八、九年级分别从中随机选择一个不同事件进行比赛，则八、九年级所选的历史事件都发生于新中国成立以后的概率为 ．14．（3分）如图，在平面直角坐标系中，点A在第一象限，点B在x轴的正半轴，AO＝AB＝2，将△OAB沿OA所在的直线翻折后，点B落在点C处，且CA∥y轴，反比例函数的图象经过点C，则k的值为 ．15．（3分）如图，在四边形ABCD中，AB＝BC＝6，∠ABC＝60°，∠ADC＝90°，对角线AC与BD相交于点E，若BE＝3DE，则BD＝ ．三、解答题（本题共7小题，共55分）16．（5分）解方程：x2﹣4x+3＝0．17．（7分）深圳蕴藏丰富的旅游文化资源．为促进深港两地学生交流，某校开展“美丽深圳，深港同行”主题活动，景点有三个：A．梧桐烟云，B．莲花春早，C．梅沙踏浪．每位参加交流的学生都可以从中随机选择一个景点．（1）参加此次交流活动的小军选择的景点为“梧桐烟云”的概率是 ；（2）请用列表或画树状图的方法，求小明和小颖选择的景点都是“莲花春早”的概率．18．（8分）已知一个矩形的面积为6，长为x，宽为y．（1）y与x之间的函数表达式为 ；（2）在图中画出该函数的图象；列表：x…12346…y…63m 1.51…上面表格中m的值是 ；描点：在如图所示的平面直角坐标系中描出相应的点；连线：用光滑的曲线顺次连接各点，即可得到该函数的图象．（3）若点A（a，b）与点B（a+1，c）是该函数图象上的两点，试比较b和c的大小．19．（8分）某品牌画册每本成本为40元，当售价为60元时，平均每天的销售量为100本．为了吸引消费者，商家决定采取降价措施．经试销统计发现，如果画册售价每降低1元时，那么平均每天就能多售出10本．设这种画册每本降价x元．（1）平均每天的销售量为 本（用含x的代数式表示）；（2）商家想要使这种画册的销售利润平均每天达到2240元，且要求每本售价不低于55元，求每本画册应降价多少元？20．（8分）如图，点O是矩形ABCD的对角线AC上一点，过点O作EF⊥AC，交BC于点E，交AD于点F．（1）在不添加新的点和线的前提下，请增加一个条件： ，使得OE＝OF，并说明理由；（2）若OE＝OF，AB＝6，BC＝8，求EF的长．21．（9分）【项目式学习】项目主题：守护生命，“数”说安全．项目背景：随着社会的发展，安全问题变得日益重要．某校为了提高学生的安全意识，开展以“守护生命，'数'说安全”为主题的项目式学习活动．创新小组通过考察测量、模拟探究和成果迁移等环节，开展地下弯道对通行车辆长度的限制研究．任务一：考察测量（1）如图1，创新小组所选取弯道的内、外侧均为直角，道路宽均为4m，则AB＝ m；任务二：模拟探究如果汽车在行驶中与弯道内、外侧均无接触，则可安全通过．（2）创新小组用线段模拟汽车通过宽度相同的直角弯道，探究发现：①当CD＜2AB时（如图1），线段CD能通过直角弯道；②当CD＝2AB时，必然存在线段CD的中点E与点B重合的情况，线段CD恰好不能通过直角弯道（如图2）．此时，∠ADC的度数是 ；③当CD＞2AB时，线段CD不能通过直角弯道．（3）如图3，创新小组用矩形PQMN模拟汽车通过宽均为4m的直角弯道，发现当PQ的中点E与点B重合，且PQ⊥AB时，矩形PQMN恰好不能通过该弯道．若PQ＝am，PN＝2m，且矩形PQMN能通过该直角弯道，求a的最大整数值．任务三：成果迁移（4）如图4，某弯道外侧形状可近似看成反比例函数y＝（x＞0）的图象，其对称轴交图象于点A．弯道内侧的顶点B在射线OA上，两边分别与x轴，y轴平行，OA＝2m，AB＝4m．创新小组探究发现通过该弯道的原理与通过直角弯道类似．有一辆长为bm，宽为2m的汽车需要安全通过该弯道，则b的最大整数值为 ．（参考数据：≈1.4，≈1.7，≈2.2，≈2.6）22．（10分）已知点E是正方形ABCD内部一点，且∠BEC＝90°．【初步探究】（1）如图1，延长CE交AD于点P．求证：△BEC∽△CDP；【深入探究】（2）如图2，连接DE并延长交BC于点F，当点F是BC的中点时，求的值；【延伸探究】（3）连接DE并延长交BC于点F，DF把∠BEC分成两个角，当这两个角的度数之比为1：2时，请直接写出的值．2024年广东省深圳市中考数学适应性试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题3分，共30分，每小题有四个选项，其中只有一个是正确的）1．（3分）围棋在古代被列为“琴棋书画”四大文化之一，蕴含着中华文化的丰富内涵，如图所示是一个无盖的围棋罐，其主视图为（ ）A．B．C．D．【解答】解：这个立体图形的主视图为：故选：D．2．（3分）已知x＝1是关于x的一元二次方程x2+kx﹣6＝0的一个根，则k的值为（ ）A．﹣5B．﹣7C．5D．7【解答】解：把x＝1代入关于x的一元二次方程x2+kx﹣6＝0得：1+k﹣6＝0，k＝5，故选：C．3．（3分）如图，在菱形ABCD中，∠B＝60°，连接AC，若AC＝6，则菱形ABCD的周长为（ ）A．24B．30C．D．【解答】解：∵四边形ABCD是菱形，∴AB＝BC＝CD＝AD，∵∠B＝60°，∴△ABC是等边三角形，∴AB＝BC＝AC＝6，∴AB＝BC＝CD＝AD＝6，∴菱形ABCD的周长为：AB+BC+CD+AD＝6+6+6+6＝24，故选：A．4．（3分）用配方法解方程x2+2x＝3时，配方后正确的是（ ）A．（x+2）2＝7B．（x+2）2＝5C．（x+1）2＝4D．（x+1）2＝2【解答】解：x2+2x＝3，两边同时加1，得：x2+2x+1＝3+1，即（x+1）2＝4．故选：C ．5．（3分）如图，在由大小相同的小正方形组成的网格中有一条“心形线”．数学小组为了探究随机投放一个点恰好落在“心形线”内部的概率，进行了计算机模拟试验，得到如下数据：试验总次数100200300500150020003000落在“心形线”内部的次数61931652467599961503落在“心形线”内部的频率0.6100.4650.5500.4920.5060.4980.501根据表中的数据，估计随机投放一点落在“心形线”内部的概率为（ ）A ．0.46B ．0.50C ．0.55D ．0.61【解答】解：当试验次数逐渐增大时，落在“心形线”内部的频率稳定在0.50附近，则估计随机投放一点落在“心形线”内部的概率为0.50．故选：B ．6．（3分）一段加固后的护栏如图所示，该护栏竖直部分是由等距（任意相邻两根木条之间的距离相等）且平行的木条构成．已知AC＝50cm ，则BC 的长度为（ ）A ．20cmB ．25cmC ．30cmD ．【解答】解：过点C 作CD ⊥AM 交AM 于点D ，交BN 于点E ，∵BE ∥AD ，∴，∵AC ＝50cm ，∴BC ＝30cm ．故选：C ．7．（3分）击地传球是篮球运动中的一种传球方式，利用击地传球可以有效地躲避对手的拦截．传球选手从点A处将球传出，经地面点O处反弹后被接球选手在点C处接住，将球所经过的路径视为直线，此时∠AOB＝∠COD．若点A距地面的高度AB为1.5m，点C距地面的高度CD为1m，传球选手与接球选手之间的距离BD为5m，则OB的长度为（ ）A．m B．2m C．2.5m D．3m【解答】解：由题意得∠ABO＝∠CDO，∠AOB＝∠COD，∴△ABO∽△CDO，∴，设OB＝x m，则OD＝（5﹣x）m，∴，∴x＝3，即OB＝3m，故选：D．8．（3分）据报道，2020年至2022年深圳市居民年人均可支配收入由6.49万元增长至7.27万元，设这两年人均可支配收入的年平均增长率为x，可列方程为（ ）A．6.49（1+x）2＝7.27B．6.49（1+2x）＝7.27C．6.49（1+x2）＝7.27D．7.27（1﹣x）2＝6.49【解答】解：设这两年人均可支配收入的年平均增长率为x，根据题意得，6.49（1+x）2＝7.27，故选：A．9．（3分）如图是凸透镜成像示意图，CD是蜡烛AB通过凸透镜MN所成的虚像．已知蜡烛的高AB为5.4cm，蜡烛AB离凸透镜MN的水平距离OB为6cm，该凸透镜的焦距OF为10cm，AE∥OF，则像CD的高为（ ）A．15cm B．14.4cm C．13.5cm D．9cm【解答】解：由题意得，AB∥MN，AE∥OF，AB∥CD，∴四边形ABOE是平行四边形，∴AE＝OB＝6cm，∵AE∥OF，∴△CAE∽△COF，∴，∴，∴，∵AB∥CD，∴△OAB∽△OCD，∴，∴，∴CD＝13.5cm，故选：C．10．（3分）如图，在菱形ABCD中，对角线AC与BD相交于点O，过点D作DF⊥AB于点F，交AC于点E．已知AE＝4，EC＝6，则的值为（ ）A．B．C．D．【解答】解：∵四边形ABCD为菱形，∴AC⊥BD，AB∥CD，AB＝CD，AO＝CO，∴∠AFD＝∠CDF，∵DF⊥AB，∴∠AFD＝90°，∴∠CDF＝90°，∴∠CDE＝∠COD＝90°，又∵∠DCE＝∠OCD，∴△CDE∽△COD，∴，即CD2＝CO•CE，∵AE＝4，EC＝6，∴AC＝AE+CE＝4+6＝10，∴AO＝CO＝5，∴OE＝AO﹣AE＝5﹣4＝1，∴CD2＝5×6＝30，即，∴，∵AB∥CD，∴△AFE∽△CDE，∴，∴，∴，∴，∴，故选：B．二、填空题（本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分）11．（3分）已知5a＝2b，则a：b＝ 2：5 ．【解答】解：∵5a＝2b，∴a：b＝2：5．故答案为：2：5．12．（3分）为测量广场上一棵树的高度，数学小组在阳光下测得广场上一根6m高的灯柱的影长为3m，在同一时刻，他们测得树的影长为2m，则该树的高度为 4 m．【解答】解：设该树的高度为x m，依题意得：x：2＝6：3，解得：x＝4．答：该树的高度为4m．故答案为：4．13．（3分）深圳某校举办了“博古通今，学史明智”的历史事件讲述大赛，选题有“鸦片战争”“香港回归”“改革开放”．八、九年级分别从中随机选择一个不同事件进行比赛，则八、九年级所选的历史事件都发生于新中国成立以后的概率为 ．【解答】解：“香港回归”和“改革开放”发生于新中国成立以后．将“鸦片战争”“香港回归”“改革开放”分别记为A，B，C，列表如下：A B CA（A，B）（A，C）B（B，A）（B，C）C（C，A）（C，B）共有6种等可能的结果，其中八、九年级所选的历史事件都发生于新中国成立以后的结果有：（B，C），（C，B），共2种，∴八、九年级所选的历史事件都发生于新中国成立以后的概率为＝．故答案为：．14．（3分）如图，在平面直角坐标系中，点A在第一象限，点B在x轴的正半轴，AO＝AB＝2，将△OAB沿OA所在的直线翻折后，点B落在点C处，且CA∥y轴，反比例函数的图象经过点C，则k的值为 3 ．【解答】解：延长CA交x轴于点D，如图所示：设OD＝a，则a≠0，∵CA∥y轴，∴CD⊥OB，∴AO＝AB＝2，∴OD＝BD＝2a，由翻折的性质得：OC＝OB＝2a，AC＝AB＝2，在Rt△OCD中，OD＝a，OC＝2a，由勾股定理得：CD＝＝，∴点C的坐标为，∵点C在反比例函数y＝k/x的图象上，∴k＝＝√3a2，∴AD＝CD﹣AC＝，在Rt△OAD中，AD＝，OD＝a，OA＝2，由勾股定理得：AD2+OD2＝OA2，∴，解得：a＝，或a＝0（不合题意，舍去），∴k＝＝3．故答案为：3．15．（3分）如图，在四边形ABCD中，AB＝BC＝6，∠ABC＝60°，∠ADC＝90°，对角线AC与BD相交于点E，若BE＝3DE，则BD＝ 3 ．【解答】解：过点B作BM⊥AC于点M，过点D作DN⊥BM于点N，连接DM．∴∠BMC＝∠BND＝90°，∴CM∥DN．∵BE＝3DE，∴BM＝3MN．∵AB＝BC＝6，∠ABC＝60°，∴△ABC为等边三角形，∴AC＝6．∵BM⊥AC，∴CM＝AC＝3．∴BM＝＝＝＝3．∴MN＝．∴BN＝4．∵∠ADC＝90°，∴DM＝AC＝3．∴DN＝＝．∴BD＝＝＝＝3．故答案为：3．三、解答题（本题共7小题，共55分）16．（5分）解方程：x2﹣4x+3＝0．【解答】解：x2﹣4x+3＝0（x﹣1）（x﹣3）＝0x﹣1＝0或x﹣3＝0x1＝1，x2＝3．17．（7分）深圳蕴藏丰富的旅游文化资源．为促进深港两地学生交流，某校开展“美丽深圳，深港同行”主题活动，景点有三个：A．梧桐烟云，B．莲花春早，C．梅沙踏浪．每位参加交流的学生都可以从中随机选择一个景点．（1）参加此次交流活动的小军选择的景点为“梧桐烟云”的概率是 ；（2）请用列表或画树状图的方法，求小明和小颖选择的景点都是“莲花春早”的概率．【解答】解：（1）∵有A．梧桐烟云，B．莲花春早，C．梅沙踏浪三个选项，∴小军选择的景点为“梧桐烟云”的概率为，故答案为：．（2）根据题意画树状图如图所示，共有9种等可能的结果，其中小明和小颖选择的景点都是“莲花春早”的结果有1种，∴P（小明和小颖选择的景点都是“莲花春早”）＝，∴小明和小颖选择的景点都是“莲花春早”的概率为．18．（8分）已知一个矩形的面积为6，长为x，宽为y．（1）y与x之间的函数表达式为 y＝ ；（2）在图中画出该函数的图象；列表：x…12346…y…63m 1.51…上面表格中m的值是 2 ；描点：在如图所示的平面直角坐标系中描出相应的点；连线：用光滑的曲线顺次连接各点，即可得到该函数的图象．（3）若点A（a，b）与点B（a+1，c）是该函数图象上的两点，试比较b和c的大小．【解答】解：（1）根据题意得：xy＝6，所以y＝，则y与x之间的函数表达式为y＝．故答案为：y＝．（2）（3）由图象可知，在第一象限内y随着x的增大而减小，∵a+1＞a，∴b＞c．19．（8分）某品牌画册每本成本为40元，当售价为60元时，平均每天的销售量为100本．为了吸引消费者，商家决定采取降价措施．经试销统计发现，如果画册售价每降低1元时，那么平均每天就能多售出10本．设这种画册每本降价x元．（1）平均每天的销售量为 （100+10x） 本（用含x的代数式表示）；（2）商家想要使这种画册的销售利润平均每天达到2240元，且要求每本售价不低于55元，求每本画册应降价多少元？【解答】解：（1）由题意可知，每天的销售量为（100+10x）本．故答案为：（100+10x）．（2）由题意可得，（60﹣40﹣x）（100+10x）＝2240，整理得x2﹣10x+24＝0，解得x1＝4，x2＝6，∵要求每本售价不低于55元，∴x＝4符合题意．故每本画册应降价4元．20．（8分）如图，点O是矩形ABCD的对角线AC上一点，过点O作EF⊥AC，交BC于点E，交AD于点F．（1）在不添加新的点和线的前提下，请增加一个条件： AO＝CO ，使得OE＝OF，并说明理由；（2）若OE＝OF，AB＝6，BC＝8，求EF的长．【解答】解：（1）AO＝CO；理由如下：∵AD∥BC，∴∠FAO＝∠ECO，∵EF⊥AC，∴∠AOF＝∠COE，又∵AO＝CO，∴△AOF≌COE（ASA），∴OE＝OF．（2）∵∠B＝90°，AB＝6，BC＝8，∴AC＝＝10，∵EF⊥AC，∴∠AOF＝∠COE，∵AD∥BC，∴∠FAO＝∠ECO，又∵EO＝FO，∴△AOF≌COE（AAS），∴AO＝CO＝5，在Rt△COE中，tan∠OCE＝＝，在Rt△ACB中，tan∠ACB＝＝，∴，∴，∴EF＝．21．（9分）【项目式学习】项目主题：守护生命，“数”说安全．项目背景：随着社会的发展，安全问题变得日益重要．某校为了提高学生的安全意识，开展以“守护生命，'数'说安全”为主题的项目式学习活动．创新小组通过考察测量、模拟探究和成果迁移等环节，开展地下弯道对通行车辆长度的限制研究．任务一：考察测量（1）如图1，创新小组所选取弯道的内、外侧均为直角，道路宽均为4m，则AB＝ 4 m；任务二：模拟探究如果汽车在行驶中与弯道内、外侧均无接触，则可安全通过．（2）创新小组用线段模拟汽车通过宽度相同的直角弯道，探究发现：①当CD＜2AB时（如图1），线段CD能通过直角弯道；②当CD＝2AB时，必然存在线段CD的中点E与点B重合的情况，线段CD恰好不能通过直角弯道（如图2）．此时，∠ADC的度数是 45° ；③当CD＞2AB时，线段CD不能通过直角弯道．（3）如图3，创新小组用矩形PQMN模拟汽车通过宽均为4m的直角弯道，发现当PQ的中点E与点B重合，且PQ⊥AB时，矩形PQMN恰好不能通过该弯道．若PQ＝am，PN＝2m，且矩形PQMN能通过该直角弯道，求a的最大整数值．任务三：成果迁移（4）如图4，某弯道外侧形状可近似看成反比例函数y＝（x＞0）的图象，其对称轴交图象于点A．弯道内侧的顶点B在射线OA上，两边分别与x轴，y轴平行，OA＝2m，AB＝4m．创新小组探究发现通过该弯道的原理与通过直角弯道类似．有一辆长为bm，宽为2m的汽车需要安全通过该弯道，则b的最大整数值为 10 ．（参考数据：≈1.4，≈1.7，≈2.2，≈2.6）【解答】解：（1）如图1，延长内侧交外侧于点B′，则BB′⊥AB′，∴AB′＝BB′＝4，∴AB＝＝4，故答案为：4；（2）由图形可知△ACD是等腰直角三角形，则∠ADC＝45°，故答案为：45°；（3）解法一、如图3（1），设AB与MN相交于点G，根据题意得：∠ANM＝∠NAG＝45°，∴∠AGN＝∠AGM＝90°，又∵AG＝AG，∠MAG＝∠NAG＝45°，∴△AGM≌△AGN（ASA），∴GM＝GN，∴MN＝2AG，又∵AB＝4，NP＝BG＝2，∴MN＝2AG＝2（AB﹣BG）＝8﹣4∵≈1.4，∴8﹣4＝7.2，∴根据实际情况可得：a的最大整数值为7．解法二：如图3（2），设直线PQ分别与直线AM，AN相交于点I，H，根据题意得：∵NPQM为矩形，∴PQ∥MN，∴∠IHA＝∠MNA＝45°，又∵∠MAN＝90°，∴IH＝2AB＝8，IQ＝MQ＝2，PH＝PN＝2，∴PQ＝HI﹣IQ﹣PH＝8﹣4，∵≈1.4，∴8﹣4＝7.2，∴根据实际情况可得：a的最大整数值为7m．（4）如图4，过点A作AA′⊥x轴于点A′，由勾股定理可得OA′＝AA′＝，∴A（，），∴反比例函数的解析式为y＝；设直线AB与MN的交点为P，则BP＝2，过点P作PP′⊥x轴于点P′，则OP＝OA+AB＝BP＝4，∴PP′＝OP′＝4，∴P（4，4），∴直线MN的解析式为：y＝﹣x+8；令＝﹣x+8，解得x＝4±，∴M（4﹣，4+），N（4+，4﹣，∴MN＝＝，∵10＜＜11，∴b＝MN的最大整数值为10．故答案为：10．22．（10分）已知点E是正方形ABCD内部一点，且∠BEC＝90°．【初步探究】（1）如图1，延长CE交AD于点P．求证：△BEC∽△CDP；【深入探究】（2）如图2，连接DE并延长交BC于点F，当点F是BC的中点时，求的值；【延伸探究】（3）连接DE并延长交BC于点F，DF把∠BEC分成两个角，当这两个角的度数之比为1：2时，请直接写出的值．【解答】（1）证明：∵四边形ABCD是正方形，∴∠D＝90°，AD∥BC，∴∠CPD＝∠BCE，∵∠BEC＝90°，∴∠BEC＝∠D，∴△BEC∽△CDP；作EG⊥BC于G，∴∠BGE＝90°，∵四边形ABCD是正方形，∴∠BCD＝90°，CD＝BC，∴△FGE∽△FCD，∴，∵∠BEC＝90°，点F是BC的中点，∴EF＝BF＝CF＝BC，不妨设EF＝BF＝CF＝1，则CD＝BC＝2，DF＝，∴，∴EG＝，FG＝，∴CG＝CF﹣FG＝1﹣＝，∵∠EGB＝∠EGC＝90°，∴∠CEG+∠ECG＝90°，∵∠BEC＝90°，∴∠CEG+∠BEG＝90°，∴∠BEG＝∠ECG，∴△BGE∽△EGC，＝；当∠BEF：∠CEF＝1：2时，即∠CEF＝60°，∴∠DEC＝120°，以BC所在的直线为x轴，CD所在的直线为y轴建立坐标系，设BC＝CD＝6，E（x，y），以BC的中点W为圆心，BC为直径作圆W，∵∠BEC＝90°，∴点E在⊙W上，则W（﹣3，0），B（﹣6，0），∴（x+3）2+y2＝32①，作等边三角形CDG，作△CDG的外接圆V，则点E⊙V上，则V（，3），CV＝2，∴（x﹣）2+（y﹣3）2＝（2）2②，由①②得，x＝﹣，x+y＝﹣6x，∴，如图3，当∠BEF：∠CEF＝2：1时，即∠BEF＝60°，∠CEF＝30°，则∠DEC＝150°，同上作⊙W，作等边三角形CDV，设BC＝CD＝2，则W（﹣1.0），B（﹣2，0），V（，1），以V为圆心，2为半径作⊙V，则点E在⊙V上，同理上可得：，∴x2+y2＝﹣2x，x＝﹣，∴＝，综上所述：＝或．。
贵州省2024中考适应性考试数学试卷解析
下列哪个数不是有理数？A. 0B. -3/2C. √2D. 0.5答案：C在平面直角坐标系中，点A(3, -4)关于x轴的对称点的坐标是？A. (-3, 4)B. (3, 4)C. (-3, -4)D. (4, -3)答案：B下列哪个选项是方程2x + 3 = 7的解？A. x = 1B. x = 2C. x = -2D. x = 0.5答案：B一个圆的半径为5cm，其面积是多少平方厘米？A. 10πB. 25πC. 50πD. 100π答案：B下列哪个函数是一次函数？A. y = x2B. y = 2/xC. y = 2x + 1答案：C下列哪个图形不是轴对称图形？A. 等腰三角形B. 正方形C. 等边三角形D. 平行四边形答案：D填空题：若|x| = 5，则x = _______。
答案：±5分解因式：a2 - 4 = _______。
答案：(a + 2)(a - 2)已知一次函数y = 2x + b 的图像与y 轴交于点(0, -3)，则 b = _______。
答案：-3计算：(-2)3 = _______。
答案：-8圆的周长公式为C = 2πr，其中r 为圆的半径。
若圆的周长为10π，则其半径r = _______。
答案：5在平面直角坐标系中，点P(2, -1) 到x 轴的距离是_______。
答案：1简答题：解方程：3x - 7 = 2(x + 1)。
答案：x = 9已知一个矩形的长为8cm，宽为3cm，求这个矩形的面积和周长。
答案：面积= 24cm2，周长= 22cm画出函数y = -x + 2 的图像，并标出与坐标轴的交点。
答案：图像是一个从左上到右下的直线，与x 轴交于点(2, 0)，与y 轴交于点(0, 2)。
证明：若 a ∥ b 且 b ∥ c，则 a ∥ c。
答案：根据平行线的性质，若两直线都与第三条直线平行，则这两条直线也平行。
已知一个圆的直径为10cm，求这个圆的面积。
2024年河南省郑州市中考数学第一次适应性试卷及答案解析
2024年河南省郑州市中考数学第一次适应性试卷一、选择题（每小题3分，共30分．下列各小题均有四个答案，其中只有一个是正确的）1．（3分）如图，数轴上点A所表示的数的相反数为（）A．﹣3B．3C．D．2．（3分）砚台与笔、墨、纸是中国传统的文房四宝，是中国书法的必备用具．如图是一方寓意“规矩方圆”的砚台，它的俯视图是（）A．B．C．D．3．（3分）中原熟，天下足．处于中原的河南一直是我国重要的粮食大省，最近几年粮食总产量更是连续突破1300亿斤，为保证国家粮食安全做出了突出贡献．数据“1300亿”用科学记数法表示为（）A．1.3×1011B．1.3×1010C．0.13×1012D．0.13×1010 4．（3分）甲、乙两个学校统计男女生人数，分别绘制了扇形统计图（如图），下列说法正确的是（）A．甲校的男生人数比乙校的男生人数多B．甲、乙两个学校的人数一样多C．乙校的女生人数比甲校的女生人数多D．甲校的男女生人数一样多5．（3分）如图所示，直线a∥b，∠2＝31°，∠A＝28°，则∠1＝（）A．61°B．60°C．59°D．58°6．（3分）对任意整数n，（2n+1）2﹣25都能（）A．被3整除B．被4整除C．被5整除D．被6整除7．（3分）如图，点A是⊙O中优弧BAD的中点，∠ABD＝70°，C为劣弧上一点，则∠BCD的度数是（）A．120°B．130°C．140°D．150°8．（3分）一配电房示意图如图所示，它是一个轴对称图形．已知BC＝6m，∠ABC＝α，则房顶A离地面EF的高度为（）A．（4+3sinα）m B．（4+3tanα）mC．（4+）m D．（4+）m9．（3分）如图，在▱ABCD中，∠C＝120°，AB＝2，AD＝2AB，点H，G分别是边DC，BC上的动点，连接AH，HG，点E为AH的中点，点F为GH的中点，连接EF，则EF 的最小值为（）A．2B．C．1D．10．（3分）植物研究者在研究某种植物1～5年内的植株高度时，将得到的数据用如图直观表示．现要根据这些数据选用函数模型来描述这种植物在1～5年内的生长规律．若选择y＝ax2+bx+c，则a______0，b______0；若选择函数y＝，则a______0，b______0．依次填入的不等号为（）A．＜，＞，＜，＞B．＜，＞，＞，＜C．＞，＜，＜，＞D．＞，＞，＜，＜二、填空题(每小题3分，共15分)11．（3分）写出一个大小在和之间的整数是．12．（3分）鱼缸里饲养A、B两种鱼，A种鱼的生长温度x℃的范围是20≤x≤28，B种鱼的生长温度x℃的范围是19≤x≤25，那么鱼缸里的温度x℃应该控制在范围内．13．（3分）小明笔袋里有两支红笔和两支黑笔（4支笔的款式相同），上课做笔记时，他随机从笔袋中抽出两支笔，刚好是一红一黑的概率是．14．（3分）如图，AB是⊙O的直径，CD与⊙O相切于点C，AB的延长线交直线CD于点E，连接AC，BC．若∠ACD＝60°，AC＝，则BE的长度是．15．（3分）如图，在Rt△ABC中，∠ACB＝90°，BC＝3，AC＝4，点D，E分别是边AB，AC的中点，连接DE．将△ADE绕点D按顺时针方向旋转α（0°≤α≤90°），点A，E 的对应点分别为点G，F，GF与AC交于点P．当直线GF与△ABC的一边平行时，CP 的长为．三、解答题（本大题共8个小题，满分75分）16．（10分）（1）计算：；（2）化简：2x（x﹣1）﹣（x﹣1）2．17．（7分）中小学午餐配送是郑州教育的“暖心服务”工程．某校午餐原来由甲公司配送，为了提高饭菜质量，新学期午餐由乙公司配送．学生会为了解用餐学生对甲、乙两家公司配送饭菜的满意情况，组织学生对两家公司的饭菜质量进行分数评价（满分为10分）．学生会随机抽取了10位学生的评价分数：学生A学生B学生C学生D学生E学生F学生G学生H学生I学生J甲公司76769798109乙公司65878889810学生会同学在进行数据分析时首先计算了各公司得分的平均数：甲公司7.8分；乙公司7.7分．（1）为了能够更加全面、客观地对甲、乙两家公司配送饭菜的满意情况进行评价，你认为还需要了解中位数、众数、方差等中的哪些统计量？请至少选择一个你认为合适的统计量进行数据分析；（2）你认为用餐学生对哪家公司的饭菜质量更加满意，为什么？18．（9分）如图，正比例函数y＝k1x的图象与反比例函数的图象的一个交点是（1，3）．（1）求出这两个函数的表达式，并直接写出这两个函数图象的另一个交点坐标；（2）写出使反比例函数大于正比例函数的x的取值范围；（3）点A（2，y1）在正比例函数的图象上，点B（2，y2），点C（﹣2，y3），点D（﹣3，y4）都在反比例函数y＝的图象上，比较y1，y2，y3，y4的大小关系，并用“＜”连接．19．（9分）请你完成命题“等腰三角形两底角的平分线相等”的证明．（提示：证明命题应首先依据命题画出几何图形，再写出“已知”“求证”，最后写出证明过程．）20．（9分）2024年植树节来临之际，某学校计划采购一批树苗，参加“保护黄河，远离雾霾”植树节活动．已知每棵甲种树苗比每棵乙种树苗贵10元，用400元购买甲种树苗的棵数恰好与用300元购买乙种树苗的棵数相同．（1）求甲、乙两种树苗每棵的价格分别是多少元？（2）学校决定购买甲、乙两种树苗共100棵，实际购买时，甲种树苗的售价打九折，乙种树苗的售价不变．学校用于购买两种树苗的总费用不超过3200元，最多可购买多少棵甲种树苗？21．（9分）如图，△ABC是等边三角形，将△ABC沿直线BC平移到△DCE的位置，连接BD，交AC于点O．（1）线段BD与AC的数量关系是BD：AC＝；（2）判断BD与AC的位置关系，并说明理由；（3）请在图中连接AD，则四边形ABCD一定是菱形吗？为什么？22．（10分）“诗圣”杜甫出生在郑州巩义市笔架山下的窑洞里，窑洞是黄土高原、黄河中游特有的民居形式．如图，某窑洞口的截平面下部为矩形EFGH，上部为抛物线．已知下部矩形的长为4米，宽为2米，窑洞口的最高点P离地面EF的距离为4米．（1）请在图中建立适当的平面直角坐标系，写出P点的坐标；（2）求（1）中所建坐标系中抛物线的表达式；（3）若在窑洞口的上部安装一个矩形窗户ABCD（窗户的边框忽略不计），使得点A，B 在下部矩形的边上，点C，D在抛物线上，且AB＝2BC，那么这个窗户的宽BC为多少米？23．（12分）数学社团活动课上，同学们研究一个问题：任意给定一个矩形，是否存在一个新矩形，它的周长和面积分别是原矩形周长和面积的？【阶段一】同学们认为可以先研究给定矩形为正方形的情况，即是否存在一个正方形，其周长和面积都为原正方形周长和面积的？思路一：设给定的正方形的边长为a，则其周长为4a，面积为a2．若新正方形的周长是原正方形周长的，则新正方形的边长为a，此时新正方形的面积是①．思路二：正方形是相似图形，周长之比等于相似比，面积之比等于相似比的平方，如果新正方形的面积是原正方形面积的，则新矩形与原矩形相似比为1：，此时新矩形周长应是原矩形周长的②．结论：③（“存在”或“不存在”）一个新正方形，其周长和面积都为给定正方形周长和面积的．拓展：除正方形外，上面的结论对哪种图形也成立？请写出一种图形．④【阶段二】同学们对矩形（不包括正方形）的情况进行探究．活动一：从特殊的矩形入手，如果已知矩形的长和宽分别为4和2，是否存在一个新矩形，它的周长和面积分别是原矩形周长和面积的？分析：设新矩形长和宽分别为x，y，根据题意，得．思路一：消去未知数y，得到关于x的方程，根据方程的解的情况解决问题．思路二：借助一次函数l1：y＝﹣x+3与反比例函数l2：y＝的图象（画出简单的函数图象即可）研究．结论：⑤（“存在”或“不存在”）一个新矩形，使其周长和面积都是长和宽分别为4和2的矩形周长和面积的．活动二：对于一般的矩形，如果已知矩形的长和宽分别为m和n，是否存在一个新矩形，它的周长和面积分别是原矩形周长和面积的？若存在，请指出需要满足的条件；若不存在，请说明理由．请你完成以下任务：（1）将【阶段一】中的①～④分别补充完整．（2）分别按照【阶段二】中活动一的思路一、思路二解决问题，并将⑤补充完整．（3）完成对【阶段二】中活动二的研究．2024年河南省郑州市中考数学第一次适应性试卷参考答案与试题解析一、选择题（每小题3分，共30分．下列各小题均有四个答案，其中只有一个是正确的）1．【分析】通过识图可得点A所表示的数为3，然后结合相反数的概念求解．【解答】解：由图可得，点A所表示的数为3，∴数轴上点A所表示的数的相反数为﹣3，故选：A．【点评】本题考查数轴上的点与相反数的概念，准确识图，理解相反数的定义是解题关键．2．【分析】根据从上面看得到的图象是俯视图，可得答案．【解答】解：从上边看，可得如图：故选：C．【点评】本题考查了简单几何体的三视图，从上面看到的视图是俯视图．3．【分析】科学记数法的表示形式为a×10n的形式，其中1≤|a|＜10，n为整数．确定n的值时，要看把原数变成a时，小数点移动了多少位，n的绝对值与小数点移动的位数相同．当原数绝对值≥10时，n是正整数；当原数的绝对值＜1时，n是负整数．【解答】解：1300亿＝130000000000＝1.3×1011．故选：A．【点评】此题考查科学记数法的表示方法．科学记数法的表示形式为a×10n的形式，其中1≤|a|＜10，n为整数，表示时关键要正确确定a的值以及n的值．4．【分析】根据扇形图描述的意义，逐个分析得结论．【解答】解：因为甲、乙两个学校的总人数没有告诉，所以通过扇形图不能判断甲、乙两个学校的人数一样多，故选项B错误；由于甲、乙两个学校的总人数不确定，通过扇形图不能判断甲校的男生人数比乙校的男生人数多，乙校的女生人数比甲校的女生人数多，故选项A、C均不正确；由扇形图知，甲校男、女生各占总人数的50%，甲校的男女生人数一样多，故选项D正确．故选：D．【点评】本题考查了扇形图，掌握“扇形统计图直接反映部分占总体的百分比大小”是解决本题的关键．5．【分析】根据三角形外角的性质∠DBC＝∠A+∠2，欲求∠1，需求∠DBC．根据平行线的性质，由a∥b，得∠1＝∠DBC，从而解决此题．【解答】解：∵a∥b，∴∠1＝∠DBC，∵∠DBC＝∠A+∠2，＝28°+31°＝59°．故选：C．【点评】本题主要考查平行线的性质、三角形外角的性质，熟练掌握平行线的性质、三角形外角的性质是解决本题的关键．6．【分析】先利用平方差公式因式分解可得（2n+1）2﹣25＝4（n﹣2）（n+3），因此对任意整数n，4都是4（n﹣2）（n+3）的一个因数，据此即可得出答案．【解答】解：∵（2n+1）2﹣25＝（2n+1）2﹣52＝（2n+1﹣5）（2n+1+5）＝（2n﹣4）（2n+6）＝4（n﹣2）（n+3），∴对任意整数n，4都是4（n﹣2）（n+3）的一个因数，∴对任意整数n，（2n+1）2﹣25都能被4整除，故选：B．【点评】本题考查的是因式分解的应用，利用平方差公式进行因式分解是解题的关键．7．【分析】根据弧、弦、圆心角的关系得到AB＝AD，根据等边对等角求出∠A，再根据圆内接四边形对角互补得到∠BCD．【解答】解：∵点A是⊙O中优弧BAD的中点，∴AB＝AD，∵∠ABD＝70°，∴∠ADB＝70°，∴∠A＝180°﹣70°×2＝40°，∴∠C＝180°﹣∠A＝140°，故选：C．【点评】本题考查了圆心角、弧、弦的关系：在同圆或等圆中，如果两个圆心角、两条弧、两条弦中有一组量相等，那么它们所对应的其余各组量都分别相等．也考查了圆内接四边形的性质．8．【分析】过点A作AD⊥BC于点D，利用直角三角形的边角关系定理求得AD，．用AD+BE 即可表示出房顶A离地面EF的高度．【解答】解：过点A作AD⊥BC于点D，如图，∵它是一个轴对称图形，∴AB＝AC，∵AD⊥BC，∴BD＝BC＝3m，在Rt△ADB中，∵tan∠ABC＝，∴AD＝BD•tanα＝3tanαm．∴房顶A离地面EF的高度＝AD+BE＝（4+3tanα）m，故选：B．【点评】本题主要考查了解直角三角形的意义，轴对称的性质，等腰三角形的三线合一，利用直角三角形的边角关系定理求得AD的长是解题的关键．9．【分析】连接AG，利用三角形中位线定理，可知EF＝AG，求出AG的最小值即可解决问题．【解答】解：如图，连接AG，∵四边形ABCD是平行四边形，∴AB∥CD，∴∠B+∠C＝180°，∴∠B＝180°﹣120°＝60°，∵点E、F分别是AH、GH的中点，∴EF是△AGH的中位线，∴EF＝AG，当AG最小时，EF有最小值，当AG⊥BC时，AG最小，则∠BAG＝30°，此时BG＝AB＝1，AG＝BG＝，∴EF＝AG＝，即EF的最小值是，故选：D．【点评】本题考查平行四边形的性质、三角形的中位线定理、含30°角的直角三角形的性质、垂线段最短等知识，解题的关键是学会添加常用辅助线，求出AG的最小值．10．【分析】根据二次函数的图象与性质、反比例函数的图象与性质即可得．【解答】解：若选择y＝ax2+bx+c，由函数图象可知，此抛物线的开口向下，对称轴x＝﹣＞0，∴a＜0，b＞0；若选择函数y＝，由函数图象可知，将反比例函数y＝（a＜0）的图象从第四象限向上平移b个单位即可得到函数y＝的图象，∴a＜0，b＞0；则依次填入的不等号为＜，＞，＜，＞，故选：A．【点评】本题考查了二次函数的图象与性质、反比例函数的图象与性质，熟练掌握二次函数的图象与性质、反比例函数的图象与性质是解题关键．二、填空题(每小题3分，共15分)11．【分析】先估算的大小，然后根据估算结果，写出一个在和之间的整数即可．【解答】解：∵，即，∴大小在和之间的整数是2，故答案为：2（答案不唯一）．【点评】本题主要考查了无理数的估算，解题关键是熟练掌握如何估算无理数的大小．12．【分析】根据题意列出不等式组，求不等式解集的公共部分即可．【解答】解：由题意得：，解得：20≤x≤25，故答案为：20≤x≤25．【点评】此题主要考查了由实际问题抽象出不等式组．关键是掌握解集的规律：“同大取大，同小取小，大小小大取中间”进行分析求解．13．【分析】利用列表法或树状图法解答即可．【解答】解：记两支红笔为：红1，红2，两支黑笔为：黑1，黑2，画树状图如下：一共有12种等可能的情况，其中刚好是一红一黑有8种可能的情况，∴P（刚好是一红一黑的）＝＝，故答案为：．【点评】本题考查列表法和树状图法求等可能事件的概率，掌握列表法和树状图法求等可能事件的概率的方法是解题的关键．14．【分析】连接OC，根据切线的性质可得∠OCD＝∠OCE＝90°，从而可得∠ACO＝30°，再利用等腰三角形的性质可得∠A＝∠ACO＝30°，然后利用圆周角定理可得∠COB ＝60°，从而利用直角三角形的两个锐角互余可得∠A＝∠E＝30°，从而可得AC＝CE ＝，最后在Rt△COE中，利用锐角三角函数的定义进行计算，即可解答．【解答】解：连接OC，∵CD与⊙O相切于点C，∴∠OCD＝∠OCE＝90°，∵∠ACD＝60°，∴∠ACO＝∠OCD﹣∠ACD＝30°，∵OA＝OC，∴∠A＝∠ACO＝30°，∴∠COB＝2∠A＝60°，∴∠E＝90°﹣∠COB＝30°，∴∠A＝∠E＝30°，∴AC＝CE＝，在Rt△COE中，CO＝CE•tan30°＝×＝1，∴OE＝2CO＝2，∵OB＝OC＝1，∴BE＝OE﹣OB＝2﹣1＝1，∴BE的长度为1，故答案为：1．【点评】本题考查了切线的性质，圆周角定理，根据题目的已知条件并结合图形添加适当的辅助线是解题的关键．15．【分析】根据题意，由旋转性质，结合直线GF与△ABC的一边平行，分两类：当GF ∥AB时；当GF∥BC时；两种情况讨论求解即可得到答案，【解答】解：根据题意，将△ADE绕点D按顺时针方向旋转α（0°≤α≤90°）得到△GDF，即△GDF≌△ADE，在Rt△ABC中，∠ACB＝90°，BC＝3，AC＝4，∴AB＝5．∵点D，E分别是边AB．AC的中点，∴DE是△ABC的中位线，∴AD＝AB＝，AE＝AC＝2．DE＝BC＝，当GF∥AB时，如图所示：∴∠ADG＝∠DGP，∠A＝∠GPA，∵△GDF≌△ADE，∴∠A＝∠DGP，∴△MDA和△MPG均为等腰三角形，且MD＝MA．MP＝MG，∴AP＝AM+MP＝MD+MG＝DG，由△GDF≌△ADE得到DG＝AD＝，则CP＝AC﹣AP＝4﹣＝，当GF∥BC时，如图所示：∵DE∥BC，∴GF∥DE，∵∠C＝90°，∴∠EPF＝90°，∴EP∥DF，∴四边形DFPE是平行四边形，∵DE＝DF，∠DFP＝90°，∴▱DFPE是正方形，∴EP＝DF＝DE＝，∵EC＝AC＝2，∴PC＝EC﹣EP＝＝，解得PC＝，综上所述，CP的长为或．故答案为：或．【点评】本题考查求旋转性质、全等三角形性质、勾股定理、中点定义、中位线的性质、等腰三角形的判定与性质、相似三角形的判定与性质，熟练掌握相关几何性质，分类讨论是解决问题的关键．三、解答题（本大题共8个小题，满分75分）16．【分析】（1）利用负整数指数幂，绝对值的性质及零指数幂计算即可；（2）利用单项式乘多项式法则，完全平方公式计算即可．【解答】解：（1）原式＝+2﹣1＝1；（2）原式＝2x2﹣2x﹣（x2﹣2x+1）＝2x2﹣2x﹣x2+2x﹣1＝x2﹣1．【点评】本题考查实数及整式的运算，熟练掌握相关运算法则是解题的关键．17．【分析】（1）根据方差，判断哪家公司配送饭菜的满意情况波动更小；（2）比较平均数，判断用餐学生对哪家公司的饭菜质量更加满意．【解答】解：（1）还需了解方差，甲公司方差＝[（7﹣7.8）2+（6﹣7.8）2+（7﹣7.8）2+（6﹣7.8）2+（9﹣7.8）2+（7﹣7.8）2+（9﹣7.8）2+（8﹣7.8）2+（10﹣7.8）2+（9﹣7.8）2]＝1.76（分），乙公司方差＝[（6﹣7.7）2+（5﹣7.7）2+（8﹣7.7）2+（7﹣7.7）2+（8﹣7.7）2+（8﹣7.7）2+（8﹣7.7）2+（9﹣7.7）2+（8﹣7.7）2+（10﹣7.7）2]＝1.81（分），∵1.76＜1.81，∴甲公司配送饭菜的满意情况波动更小；（2）∵7.8＞7.7，∴用餐学生对甲公司的饭菜质量更加满意．【点评】本题考查了统计量的选择，关键是掌握平均数、方差、中位数、众数的定义．18．【分析】（1）利用待定系数法以及函数的中心对称性即可求解；（2）根据图象即可求解；（3）观察图象即可得出结论．【解答】解：（1）∵正比例函数y＝k1x的图象与反比例函数的图象的一个交点是（1，3）∴3＝k1，3＝，∴k1＝3，k2＝3，∴正比例函数为y＝3x，反比例函数y＝，∵正比例函数y＝k1x的图象与反比例函数的图象的一个交点是（1，3），∴两个函数图象的另一个交点坐标为（﹣1，﹣3）；（2）由图象可知，使反比例函数大于正比例函数的x的取值范围是x＜﹣1或0＜x＜1；（3）观察图象，y3＜y4＜y2＜y1．【点评】本题是反比例函数与一次函数的交点问题，考查了待定系数法求函数的系数，图象上点的坐标特征，数形结合是解题的关键．19．【分析】根据等腰三角形的两底角相等可得到∠ABC＝∠ACB，再根据角平分线的性质可得到∠BCE＝∠CBF，从而可利用ASA判定△BCE≌△CBF，由全等三角形的对应边相等即可证得结论．【解答】已知：△ABC中，AB＝AC，BF，CE分别∠ABC，∠ACB的角平分线．求证：BF＝CE，即等腰三角形的两底角的平分线相等证明：∵AB＝AC，∴∠ABC＝∠ACB，∵BF，CE分别是∠ABC，∠ACB的角平分线，∴∠BCE＝∠CBF，∵∠ABC＝∠ACB，BC＝BC，∴△BCE≌△CBF（ASA），∴BF＝CE，即等腰三角形两底角的平分线相等．【点评】此题主要考查等腰三角形的性质以及全等三角形的判定与性质的综合运用．20．【分析】（1）设甲种树苗每棵的价格是x元，根据用400元购买甲种树苗的棵数恰好与用300元购买乙种树苗的棵数相同得：＝，解方程并检验可得答案；（2）设购买m棵甲种树苗，根据学校用于购买两种树苗的总费用不超过3200元得：40×0.9m+30×（100﹣m）≤3200，解不等式取最大整数解即可．【解答】解：（1）设甲种树苗每棵的价格是x元，则乙种树苗每棵的价格是（x﹣10）元，根据题意得：＝，解得x＝40，经检验，x＝40是原方程的解，也符合题意，∴x﹣10＝40﹣10＝30；∴甲种树苗每棵的价格是40元，乙种树苗每棵的价格是30元；（2）设购买m棵甲种树苗，根据题意得：40×0.9m+30×（100﹣m）≤3200，解得m≤33，∵m为整数，∴m最大取33；∴最多可购买33棵甲种树苗．【点评】本题考查分式方程，一元一次不等式的应用，解题的关键是读懂题意，列出方程和不等式．21．【分析】（1）由平移的性质得△ABC≌△DCE，又因为它们都是等边三角形，所以可得CB＝CD，∠ACD＝60°，根据等腰三角形的性质求出∠CBD＝∠CDB＝30°，可证∠BDE＝90°，即得BD与DE之间的关系，由此得出BD与AC的数量关系；（2）由∠CBD＝30°，∠ACB＝60°，可得∠BOC＝180°﹣∠CBD﹣∠ACB＝90°，故BD⊥AC；（3）由△ABC是等边三角形，知AB＝BC＝AC，∠ACB＝60°，根据将△ABC沿直线BC平移到△DCE的位置，有AB＝CD，∠DCE＝∠ABC＝60°，可得∠ACD＝180°﹣∠ACB﹣∠DCE＝60°，AC＝CD，故△ACD是等边三角形，从而AB＝BC＝AC＝AD＝CD，四边形ABCD是菱形．【解答】解：（1）∵△ABC是等边三角形，∴AB＝BC＝AC，∠A＝∠ABC＝∠ACB＝60°，∵将△ABC沿直线BC平移到△DCE的位置，∴△ABC≌△DCE，△DCE是等边三角形，∴DC＝CE＝DE，∠CDE＝∠DCE＝∠CED＝60°，∴CB＝CD＝AC＝DE，∠ACB＝∠DCE＝60°，∴∠ACD＝180°﹣∠ACB﹣∠DCE＝60°，∴∠BCD＝∠ACB+∠ACD＝120°，∴∠CBD＝∠CDB＝（180°﹣120°）÷2＝30°，∴∠BDE＝∠CDB+∠CDE＝90°，∴BD＝DE，∴BD＝AC，∴BD：AC＝：1；故答案为：：1；（2）BD⊥AC，理由如下：由（1）知∠CBD＝30°，∠ACB＝60°，∴∠BOC＝180°﹣∠CBD﹣∠ACB＝90°，∴BD⊥AC；（3）四边形ABCD一定是菱形，理由如下：如图：∵△ABC是等边三角形，∴AB＝BC＝AC，∠ACB＝60°，∵将△ABC沿直线BC平移到△DCE的位置，∴AB＝CD，∠DCE＝∠ABC＝60°，∴∠ACD＝180°﹣∠ACB﹣∠DCE＝60°，AC＝CD，∴△ACD是等边三角形，∴AD＝CD＝AC，∴AB＝BC＝AC＝AD＝CD，∴四边形ABCD是菱形．【点评】本题考查四边形综合应用，涉及平移变换，等边三角形性质及判定，含30°角的直角三角形三边关系等知识，解题的关键是掌握等边三角形的判定定理．22．【分析】（1）以H为原点，HG所在直线为x轴，建立平面直角坐标系，可得P的坐标为（2，2）；（2）根据题意，抛物线顶点为（2，2），且经过点（0，0），用待定系数法可得抛物线的表达式为y＝﹣x2+2x；（3）设D（m，﹣m2+2m），根据AB＝2BC，可得C（﹣m2+5m，﹣m2+2m），把C（﹣m2+5m，﹣m2+2m）代入y＝﹣x2+2x得﹣m2+2m＝﹣（﹣m2+5m）2+2（﹣m2+5m），解方程可得答案．【解答】解：（1）以H为原点，HG所在直线为x轴，建立平面直角坐标系如下：∵窑洞口的最高点P离地面EF的距离为4米，矩形的长为4米，宽为2米，∴P的坐标为（2，2）；故答案为：（2，2）；（2）根据题意，抛物线顶点为（2，2），且经过点（0，0），设抛物线的表达式为y＝a（x﹣2）2+2，将（0，0）代入得：0＝4a+2，解得a＝﹣，∴y＝﹣（x﹣2）2+2＝﹣x2+2x，∴抛物线的表达式为y＝﹣x2+2x；（3）设D（m，﹣m2+2m），则AD＝﹣m2+2m＝BC，∵AB＝2BC，∴AB＝2（﹣m2+2m）＝﹣m2+4m，∵m+（﹣m2+4m）＝﹣m2+5m，∴C（﹣m2+5m，﹣m2+2m），把C（﹣m2+5m，﹣m2+2m）代入y＝﹣x2+2x得：﹣m2+2m＝﹣（﹣m2+5m）2+2（﹣m2+5m），∴m2﹣4m＝（﹣m2+5m）2﹣4（﹣m2+5m），∴m（m﹣4）＝m（m﹣5）（m﹣1）（m﹣4），∴m（m﹣4）[1﹣（m﹣5）（m﹣1）]＝0，∴m（m﹣4）（﹣m2+6m﹣4）＝0，∴m＝0或m﹣4＝0或﹣m2+6m﹣4＝0，解得m＝0（不符合题意，舍去）或m＝4（不符合题意，舍去）或m＝3﹣或m＝3+（不符合题意，舍去），∴D（3﹣，﹣1+），∴BC＝AD＝﹣1+（米）；∴窗户的宽BC为（﹣1+）米．【点评】本题考查二次函数综合应用，解题的关键是读懂题意，建立直角坐标系求出二次函数解析式．23．【分析】（1）根据推理过程，按照面积公式和逻辑推理即可求解；（2）思路一：由x+y＝3和xy＝4得：x2﹣3x+4＝0，此方程无解，即两个函数没有交点，即可求解；思路二：画出两个函数的大致图象，由思路一知道两个函数没有交点，即可求解；（3）由（2）知，x+y＝（m+n），xy＝mn，得到2x2﹣（m+n）x+mn＝0，由Δ＝（m+n）2﹣8mn≥0，即可求解．【解答】解：（1）①正方形的边长为a，则面积为a2；②根据周长比等于相似比，得到新矩形的周长为原矩形周长的；③由①②知，不存在一个新正方形，其周长和面积都为给定正方形周长和面积的；④由①～③可以推想正三角形也适合上述结论，理由：按照思路一：正三角形的边长为a，则周长为3a，面积为a2，当新正三角形边长为a时，则周长为3a，而面积为：（a）2，即新正方形周长是原来的，但是面积不是原来的；故答案为：a2；；不存在；正三角形（答案不唯一）；（2）思路一：由x+y＝3和xy＝4得：x2﹣3x+4＝0，此方程无解，即两个函数没有交点，即不存在一个新矩形，使其周长和面积都是长和宽分别为4和2的矩形周长和面积的；思路二：画出两个函数的大致图象，由思路一知道两个函数没有交点，故得出和思路一相同的结论；故⑤的答案为：不存在；（3）由（2）知，x+y＝（m+n），xy＝mn，化简为：2x2﹣（m+n）x+mn＝0，∵Δ＝（m+n）2﹣8mn，当△≥0时，即（m+n）2≥8mn时，两个函数有交点，即存在满足条件的新矩形，否则不存在．【点评】本题以求矩形的周长和面积为背景，考查了学生对二元方程组的解法掌握情况和一次函数与反比例函数图象的关系．在解方程组的时候选用消元法，借助根的判别式Δ的值可以快速得到结果。
山东省莱芜市实验校2024学年中考适应性考试语文试题含解析
山东省莱芜市实验校2024学年中考适应性考试语文试题考生请注意：1．答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。
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考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、积累1．下列句子中没有语病．．．．的一项是（）A．电影《厉害了！我的国》生动展示了我国科技领域取得的重大发现，这些都是专家们研发探索和首次尝试的结果。
B．你平时没有认真学习，考试时又没有按照要求仔细审题，那怎么可能有好成绩是可想而知的。
C．正如灵魂的高低决定着人的水平一样，主题的深远也在一定程度上决定着作品的水平。
D．新时期的雷锋精神应赋予新的内涵，但谁又能否认现在就不需要学习雷锋呢？2．依次填入下面一段文字横线处的语句，衔接最恰当的一组是（）人不可能永远都保持好的情绪，生活中既然有挫折、有烦恼，就会有消极情绪。
_________________________________________因此，消极情绪出现时，不要压抑它，而要通过如转移注意的焦点、自我安慰、适当发泄等方法调节或控制它。
①这样的人能让自己每天生活在幸福和欢乐之中②当它们积累到一定程度时，往往会以破坏性的方式爆发出来，给自己和他人造成伤害③一个人在成长的过程中，也要慢慢学会调节和控制自己的情绪④这并不是说要压抑自己的消极情绪⑤一个心理成熟的人，并不是没有消极情绪，而是善于调节和控制自己的情绪⑥心理学研究表明，“压抑”并不能改变消极情绪，反而会使它在内心深处沉寂下来A．③①④⑤⑥②B．③④⑥②⑤①C．⑤①③④⑥②D．⑤④③①⑥②3．下列关于文学常识及文化常识的表述，不正确的一项是（）A．2018年是农历戊戌年，按传统说法是属狗人的本命年，根据干支纪年法推算，2019年是农历己亥年，是属猪人的本命年。
山东省济宁地区2024学年中考适应性考试语文试题含解析
山东省济宁地区2024学年中考适应性考试语文试题请考生注意：1．请用2B铅笔将选择题答案涂填在答题纸相应位置上，请用0．5毫米及以上黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔将主观题的答案写在答题纸相应的答题区内。
写在试题卷、草稿纸上均无效。
2．答题前，认真阅读答题纸上的《注意事项》，按规定答题。
一、积累1．下列句子中，标点符号使用不恰当的一项是A．这些普通岗位上的英雄之举诠释了一个真理：伟大出自平凡，英雄来自人民。
B．是微信转账？还是支付宝付款？他拿不定主意。
C．折纸龙、看皮影戏表演、听中国古老的历史与传说……这家博物馆还为儿童开设了专属环节，让孩子们在欢乐氛围中了解中国文化。
D．“榜样是看得见的哲理。
”我们向先锋学习，向英烈学习，就是要从他们身上汲取强大精神动力，筑起牢固的信仰之基。
2．下列词语中加点字读音和字形完全正确的一项是（）A．蜷．伏（quán）贮．蓄（zhù）前扑．后继巧妙绝轮．B．翘．首（qiáo）憎．恶（zēng）花团锦簇．颠沛．流离C．畸．形（qī）诘．责（jié）和．颜悦色形消．骨立D．瞥．见（piĕ）缄．默（jiān）断章取意．蹑．手蹑脚3．下列对病句的修改不正确的一项是（）A．今天“数字阅读”企业成功的关键，是能否让年轻人体会到经典文章的魅力。
（删去“能否”）B．中学生要提升文学素养，养成爱读书，尤其是阅读经典、让书香浸润心灵。
（在“浸润心灵”后加“的习惯”）C．由于对志愿者精神理解不深，使得部分志愿者还不能主动投入到“全国文明城市”创建活动中。
（去掉“由于”）D．经过表决、推举、讨论等程序，学生会的人选顺利产生。
（把“推举、讨论”移到“表决”的前面）4．下列标点符号使用不规范的一项是（）A．文学真正的回归，必须端正读者的审美观，营造清新的家庭、学校、社会环境；同时必须使社会主义核心价值体系深入广大民众心中，使主流信仰占据制高点。
B．我们重温那些代代相传的诗词文本，不是因为它们行将消失、即将毁灭，也不是因为我们忧思古人、恋旧复古，而是因为它们记述着我们民族所特有的精神追求、人文精神和智慧力量。
贵州省黔西南州2024年中考适应性考试英语试题含答案
贵州省黔西南州2024年中考适应性考试英语试题含答案注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
Ⅰ. 单项选择1、－Why didn't you come to Jenny's birthday party yesterday?－Because I .A．didn't invite B．isn't invited C．wasn't invited D．haven't invited2、There are so many foggy days these days. We all want to know .A．How we can do to prevent it B．How can we do to prevent itC．What we can do to prevent it D．What can we do to prevent it3、—Why do you want to stay at home?—Because I ________ good when I am with my family.A．smell B．feel C．taste D．sound4、Italy is famous for ______.A．The Eiffel Tower B．The Little MermaidC．The leaning Tower of Pisa D．The Thames Rivers5、The strategies that they came up with at the meeting ________________ fine.A．was worked out B．work out C．working out D．works out6、— Did you see Mike at the harbor (港口) yesterday?—No, I didn’t. When I arrived there, the ship had _____________.A．flown away B．looked around C．set sail7、--- President Xi Jinping paid important visit to the USA in 2017.--- And he was warmly welcomed by Donald Trump, 45th American president.A．An;a B．the;the C．an ;the D．the ;a1.8、----- Why didn’t you enjo y the concert?----- It was _____ concert I had ever listened to.more wonderful B．less wonderful C．the least wonderful D．the most wonderful9、—You know? Max got the highest mark in the English test.—Wow! He made such great ________.A．mistakes B．decisions C．progress D．trouble10、– I usually choose to take the train to travel __________ I'm free.-So do I. I think we can enjoy something beautiful on the trainA．before B．when C．after D．thoughⅡ. 完形填空11、Letting kids learn more about science at an early age is easier than you think. It is happening all around us, and you can 1 everyday things to encourage your children’s interest.Most parents believe it is difficult to help their children with science. But you don’t need a high scientif ic degree to teach your children science. All you need is that you’re willing to try, to see the world, and to 2 the time to encourage their natural curiosity (好奇).You can help by having an active attitude (态度) towards science yourself. Then start 3 by asking your children questions about the things you see every day. And then listen to their answers without judging (评判) them, which will 4 their confidence (自信), and help you decide just what your children know or do not know.Different kids have different interest, so they need different kinds of science projects. Collecting rocks may interest your young daughter, but your older son may need something more to deal with it. Knowing your children is the best way to 5 enjoyable learning activities. Here are some more pieces of advice:Choose activities that are the right 6 of difficulty. If you are not sure, pick something easier.Read the suggested ages on any projects, books, and then make sure that the activity is 7 for your child.Let your child choose the project or activity himself. It’s easy enough to ask rather than force him. Sugges t choosing 2 or 3 things your child can do. When a child picks something he is 8 in, he will enjoy it and learn more from it. 1．A．buy B．use C．make D．invent2．A．take B．solve C．follow D．raise3．A．seriously B．cheaply C．simply D．completely4．A．lose B．create C．believe D．improve5．A．take B．find C．cancel D．print6．A．point B．way C．answer D．level7．A．proper B．deep C．famous D．cheap8．A．known B．interested C．proud D．goodⅢ. 语法填空12、A：Li Ping, have you seen the science fiction film “The Wandering Earth”（流浪地球）recently?B：Yes, I have. I saw it during the Spring Festival.A：It was reported that the film was great. What does it tell about?B：It tells a story about 1．humans, threatened（威胁）by a dying and swelling sun, build very large engines to push the planet out of the solar system, starting a centuries-long journey in search of a new sun.A：Y ou mean our earth is in great danger and we should try to save it, right?B：Yes, quite right. As we all know, with the 2．of modern agriculture and industry, more and more pollution is produced. We all should have a strong sense of 3．protection. Or we humans won’t find places to live in.A：Sure. But in your opinion, what 4．of pollution are there?B：There are many. The most important ones are water, air and land pollution.A：Can you tell me what caused water pollution and how we should solve these problems？B：As we can see, people are 5．litter into the river and factories are putting waste into the river, so water is polluted.I think we should require our government to close down those factories and call on people to clean up the river and 6．every kind of pollution.A：Do you have any ideas for solving the air pollution?B：Well, to cut down air pollution, we should take the bus or subway instead of driving. Of course, riding a bike is also a good choice. It’s good for health and it 7．costs anything!A：What else can we do to help save the earth?B：Nothing is waste if we have a 8．mind. We can put those things we don’t need to good use. We can rethink, reuse and recycle them!A：Any good examples to share with me?B：We can learn from Amy Hays, a most unusual woman in the UK. She lives in a house that she built 9．out of rubbish. Jessica Wong from Hong Kong made handbags by using old clothes, especially old jeans. Both of them are good at recycling and they are a(n) 10．to us all.A：They’re great! If only we join together to fight against pollution and learn to recycle, we will mak e a difference and lead to a better earthⅣ. 阅读理解A13、Are you a gourmand(美食主义者)? Do you want to eat every delicious food in the world? Then do you watch the popular program?“A Bite of China(舌尖上的中国)” is a documentary on Chinese delicious food which has bee n broadcasted by Chinese central television. Is there any holiday that isn't celebrated with a special festival food? Here are several traditional Chinese foods:Eggs hold a special meaning in many cultures, and China is no exception(例外). The Chinese believe eggs mean producing something new. After a baby is born, parents may hold a "red egg and ginger party," where they pass out eggs to announce the birth. In some areas of China the number of eggs represents the sex of the child, for example, an even number(1,3,5,---) for a girl, and an odd number(2,4,6---) if a boy has been born.Noodles are a symbol of longlife in Chinese culture. They are as much a part of a Chinese birthday celebration as a birthday cake with lit candles is in many countries. Since noodles represent long life, it is considered very unlucky to cutit off.Although westerners sometimes may be very sorry to see fish lying on a plate, in China a whole fish is a symbol of richness. In fact, at a party it is traditional to serve the whole fish last, pointed toward the valued guest. Fish also has a special meaning because the Chinese word for fish, yu, sounds like the word for richness or plenty, and it is believed that eating fish will help your wishes come true in the year to come.A very popular dish during the Dragon Boat Festival is Zongzi. This tasty dish is made of rice dumplings with meat, peanut or other delicious food in bamboo leaves. The tradition of Zongzi is meant to remind us of a great man, Qu Yuan. The 50-minute program tries to bring something new by presenting more cultural elements(元素),such as eating habits and the quality of eating.1．A bite of China is _______________.A．a book B．a documentaryC．a guide book D．a newspaper2．How many kinds of traditional food are mentioned in the passage?A．two B．threeC．four D．five3．A girl has been born in Mr. Li’s home. How many red eggs may he pass out to his friends according to Chinese tradition?A．two eggs B．noneC．three eggs D．six eggs4．Which of the following is RIGHT according to the passage?A．We can cut birthday noodles off in China if we think they are too long.B．It is impolite to server a whole fish last at a party in China.C．The program lasts for one hour.D．There are many kinds of Zongzi during the Dragon Boat Festival.5．What does the writer mean in the last paragraph?A．The writer thinks the program is too long.B．The writer thinks the program has more meanings inside than the story itself.C．The writer thinks everyone can have a good eating habit after watching the program.D．The writer thinks the program has brought many kinds of delicious food to us.B14、1．Who can join Sunshine Rock Band?A．A guitar lover aged 15 B．A music player aged 20 C．A singer aged 302．If you want to teach children to swim, you should ________.A．have no experience in trainingB．be under 30C．love childrenC15、We have very busy days from Monday to Thursday, as you will see below. Fridays are pretty busy up until lunch, when most children go home for the weekend.Besides all of the following activities, there is plenty of swimming practice time, both in the mornings（around 5:30 !）and at lunchtime. There is also lots of time to play after lunch.The School Day根据材料内容选择最佳答案，并将其标号填入题前括号内。
安徽省2024届中考适应性考试语文试题含解析
安徽省2024届中考适应性考试语文试题注意事项：1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号。
回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
一、积累1．下列句子中加点词语使用不正确的一项是（）A．外交部发言人华春莹的主持风格犀利．．敏捷，大方得体。
B．国际研究机构数据表明，“抖音”国际版风靡．．日本及东南亚市场。
C．阳春三月，络绎不绝的游人和摩肩接踵．．．．的汽车纷纷来到鱼梁洲环岛景观带。
D．事实证明，真正的学问都是潜心琢磨而成的，真正的精品都是沥尽心血．．．．铸就的。
2．下列词语中加点的字，每对读音都不同的一项是（）A．校．补/校．正夹．袄/夹．道欢迎应．运而生/应．有尽有B．鞭挞．/拓．本逶．迤/虚与委．蛇脸色煞．白/大煞．风景C．瓶颈．/枝茎．可汗．/汗．牛充栋揠．苗助长/偃．旗息鼓D．暮．春/蓦．然肥胖．/心宽体胖．强．人所难/强．词夺理3．下列加点成语运用有误的一项是（）A．据说《蓝色多瑙河》圆舞曲是作者在用餐时灵感一来随手写在袖口上的，可谓妙手偶得．．．．。
B．南京大屠杀这一骇人听闻．．．．的反人类罪行，是人类史上黑暗的一页，是中华民族永远的痛。
C．“靠山吃山，靠海吃海”，不仅是一种因地制宜．．．．的变通，更是一种顺应自然的生存之道。
D．香港是广西最大的外资来源地和贸易伙伴，其在广西开放格局中起到的作用微不足道．．．．。
4．下列加点字注音全对．．的项是( )A．炽．痛(chì) 圈．（quān）养味同嚼．蜡（jiáo）B．摇曳．(yè) 恪．守(kè) 头晕．目眩（yūn）C．栈．桥(zhàn) 拾．（shí）级顶礼膜．拜（mò）D．褴褛．(lǚ) 剽．悍（piāo）潜．心贯注（qiǎn）5．读古诗文，将空缺处的原句书写在横线上。
2024年湖北省黄冈市校联考中考适应性考试(一)语文试题(含答案)
2024 年中考适应性试题 (一)语文试卷(时间: 150分钟, 总分: 120分)一、积累与运用 (20分)班级开展“生活处处有语文”学习活动，小雨和小雯特邀你参加。
1.(2分)小雨的学习从朗读开始，请你选出朗读处理不合适的一项 ( )A.小雨注意到多音字的读音，他这样读：俱往矣，数(shǔ)风流人物，还看今朝(zhāo)。
B.小雨希望读出月色的似真似幻，赏月的悠闲愉悦，他这样处理节奏：庭下如/积水空明，水中/藻、荇交横，盖竹柏/影也。
C.小雨想读出古仁人的博大胸襟，他这样处理停连(“✔”表示停，“∧”表示连)：予尝求古仁人之心，∧或异二者之为，∨ 何哉?∨ 不以物喜，∧不以己悲。
D.小雨想读出母亲对儿子无私的爱和坚定的鼓励，他这样处理重音：母亲扑．过来抓住．．．．我的手，忍住哭声说：“咱娘儿俩在一块儿．．．．，好好儿活，好好儿活……”。
2.(2分)小雯写了个“寿”字，请你分别加上偏旁组成新的汉字，填入相应横线上。
A.惊拍岸B. 剑为犁C. 躇满志D.运帷幄3.(2分)小雨看到襄阳古隆中的一副楹联，觉得联末“梁父吟”和“隆中对”值得回味。
请你将它们还原到楹联中。
上联：大猷是经，谋国早读；下联：淡泊明志，慕公好为。
4.(3分)小雯在报刊上发现下列句子用词不当，请找出来并改正。
①某报刊消息标题：《持续升温的“春日经济”复发市场新活力》②某报刊文章写道：观众用振聋发聩的掌声和欢呼声，由衷地为运动员加油。
③某报刊消息报道：川流不息的长江重现“一江碧水向东流”的美丽画卷。
5.(3分)近段时间，你可能在写或想写毕业留言吧。
三年来，总有一位老师在你伤心时给你安慰，失落时给你鼓励，困难时给你帮助……请你仿照示例，任选一位老师(不能出现老师姓名)，根据他所教学科的特点，写一条赠言表达感恩之情。
(50字左右)示例：生物老师：您精研教材，潜心教学。
像线粒体为我们传送动力，像叶绿体给我们输送营养，像细胞膜呵护我们成长。
2023年中考适应性考试九年级语文试卷含答案解析
2023年中考适应性考试九年级语文试卷（考试时间：150分钟满分：150分）（请注意：所有试题的答案均填写在答题纸上。
答案写在试卷上无效）一、积累与运用（24分）1. 阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。
青年者，人生之华也。
人们总是把最美好的词语fù予青春，把最热chén的希望寄予青年。
一代代青年在心xì家国、无畏向前的奋斗中，回答着“青春何谓”“青春何为”的人生考题。
从百余年前，一批批有志之士以舍生忘死的呐喊，推动mù霭沉沉的中国步入“觉醒时代”；到今天，新时代青年满怀“可以平视这个世界”的自信，以青春的力量【甲】青春的创造，推动中华民族勇毅前行，【乙】青春最美的模样。
既然正当青春，就让青春无悔。
让我们一起书写青春【丙】。
【小题1】1. 根据拼音在田字格内写出相应的汉字。
【小题2】1. 依次填入【乙】【丙】两处的词语，最恰当的一项是（）A. 形成传说B. 塑造传说C. 塑造传奇D. 形成传奇【小题3】1. 下列说法不正确的一项是（）A. 文中加点字“最”“的”“以”“美”，词性分别是副词、助词、介词、形容词。
B. “心xì家国”“无畏向前”“舍生忘死”“勇毅前行”，短语结构各不相同。
C. 【甲】处标点应为顿号。
D. 划线句是因果复句。
[知识点]字形，词语，标点符号，复句的类型，短语的结构，词类（词性）[答案]【小题1】赋忱系暮【小题2】C【小题3】B[解析]【小题1】本题考查字形。
赋予（fùyǔ）：给予，交给，寄托（重大任务、使命等）。
热忱（rèchén）：态度：热衷；热诚，热情的、慷慨的。
心系（xīn xì）：旧称系悬心脏于胸腔中的筋脉；关心、关切。
暮霭（mùǎi）：黄昏时的云雾。
【小题2】本题考查词语运用。
第一空：形成：某种情况下和产生同义，指通过一种或多种事物的发展变化而导致另一种或多种事物产生或者变化的某种情况。
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中考数学2015年中考适应性考试数学试题（考试时间：120分钟 总分：150分） 请注意：1.本试卷分选择题和非选择题两个部分•2.所有试题的答案均填写在答题纸上，答案写在试卷上无效3.作图必须用2B 铅笔，并请加黑加粗.、选择（每题3分，共181.下列电视台的台标，是中心对称图形的是（▲） ABC2.如图所示的三视图所对应的直观图是（▲）3•下列计算结果正确的是（▲） A . (- X )6( X )24XB . X 22y x y(x 0, y 0)1C . x yxD . 0 (1) 1y4•如图，已知 D ABC 边 AB 上一点，AD = 2BD , DE // BC 交 AC 于 E , AE = 6, 则 EC =（ ▲） A . 1B . 2C . 3D . 45•如图是交警在一个路口统计的某个时段来往车辆的车速（单位：千米 /时）情况.则这些车的车速的众数、中位数分别是（ ▲）A . 8, 6B . 8, 5C . 52, 53D . 52, 526.如图，正五边形五个顶点标有数字 1、2、3、4、5, 一只青蛙在五个顶点上跳，若它停在奇数点上，则下一次沿顺时针方向跳两个点；若它停在偶数点上，则下一次沿逆时针方DABC D向跳一个点•若青蛙从标有数字5的顶点开始跳，第一次跳后落在标有数字 二次跳后落在标有数字二、填空题：(每题3分，共30分) 7.二次根式 x 2有意义，则x 的取值范围为8. 某市去年约有65700人参加中考，这个数据用科学记数法可表示为 9. 跳远训练时，甲、乙两同学在相同条件下各跳10次，统计得，他们的平均成绩相同，甲的方差为0.3 m 2,乙方差为0.4 m 2,那么成绩较为稳定的是 ▲(填“甲”或“乙”).10. 已知/ 1与/ 2互余，若/ 1= 37 18，贝U 2 =▲.11. 如图，一次函数y kx b(k 0)的图像与x 轴的交点坐标为(一2, 0),贝U 关于x 的不等式kx b 0的解集是▲.12. 已知圆锥的母线为10,底面圆的直径为 12,则此圆锥的侧面积是▲.13. 一小球被抛出后，距离地面的高度h(m)和飞行时间t(s)满足函数关系式为h 5(t 1)2 6，则小球距离地面的最大高度是▲.14. 若O ABC 的重心，△ BOC 的面积为4,则厶ABC 的面积为 ▲. 15. 如图，矩形ABCD 的一边CD 在x 轴上，顶点A 、B 分别落在双曲线y - (x>0 )、x3 1 y(x>0 )上，边BC 交双曲线y(x>0)于点E ，连接AE ,则△ ABE 的面xx积为 ▲.16. 如图，E 为正方形 ABCD 边CD 上一点，DE = 3, CE = 1, F 为直线 BC 上一点，直线2的顶点上，第1的顶点上，……，则第 2015次跳后所停的顶点对应的数字为C . 4 B . 3D . 5第6题图第5题图 DF 与直线AE 交于G ,且三、解答题：（共102分） 17. （10分）计算或解方程:1 2 1 — (1) |2- tan60 |(3.14) ( -).122 218. (8 分)19. （ 8分）某校九年级所有学生参加 2015年初中毕业生升学体育测试，为了解情况，从 中抽取了部分学生的成绩进行统计后分为 A 、B 、C 、D 四等，并绘制成如图所示的条形(2)2 X1 2 3 4先化简，再求值:X 2 1 X~2x 2x 1 1 x，其中x 满足x 2 x 2 0x x统计图和扇形统计图（未完成） ，请结合图中所给信息解答下列问题:人数20. （10分）甲、乙两位同学做抛骰子 （均匀正方体形状）实验，他们共抛了 60次，出现向上点数的次数如下表： 向上点数 12 3 4 5 6 出现次数810791610（1）计算出现向上点数为 6的频率.⑵丙说：“如果抛 600次，那么出现向上点数为 6的次数一定是100次请判断丙 的说法是否正确并说明理由.（3）如果甲乙两同学各抛一枚骰子，求出现向上点数之和为3的倍数的概率.21. （10分）甲、乙、丙三人到文具店购买同一种笔记本和钢笔，甲、乙两人购买的数量 及总价分别如下表：甲乙 笔记本（本） 20 15 钢笔（支）12 25 总价（元）312330（1） 求笔记本和钢笔的单价；（2） 丙购买24本笔记本和若干支钢笔共花去 526元，甲发现丙的总价算错了，请通过计 算加以说明•22. （ 10分）如左图，某超市从底楼到二楼有一自动扶梯，右图是其侧面示意图•已知自 动扶梯AB 的长度是12.5米，MN 是二楼楼顶，MN // PQ , C 是MN 上处在自动扶梯顶端 在自动扶梯底端 A 处测得C 点的仰角/ CAQ 为45°，坡角 BC （精确到 0.1 米）.（参考数据：sin37°~ 0.60, cos37°B 点正上方的一点，BC 丄MN , / BAQ 为37°，求二楼的层高〜0.80, tan 37°~ 0.75 ）N23. (10分)如图1,四边形ABCD为矩形，E为边BC上一点，G为边AD上一点，四边形AEGF为菱形.(1)如图2当G与D重合时，求证：E为BC的中点；(2)若AB = 3,菱形AEGF为正方形，且EC小于EG,求AD的取值范围.第23题图1 2第23题图224. (10分)甲乙两地相距400 km, —辆轿车从甲地出发，以一定的速度匀速驶往乙地.0.5h后，一辆货车从乙地出发匀速驶往甲地(轿车的速度大于货车的速度) ，与轿车在途中相遇•此后，两车继续行驶，并各自到达目的地•两车之间的距离...y ( km)与轿车(3)若两车相距不超过180千米时能够保持联系，请问货车在行驶过程中与轿车保持联系的时间1解释D点的实际意义并求两车的速度;2求m、n的值；有多长？25. ( 12分)如图，已知△ ABD为O O的内接正三角形，AB = 2.7 , E、F分别为边AD、AB上的动点，且AE = BF , DF与BE相交于G点，过B点作BC // DF交BD于点C,连接CD .(1)求/ BCD的度数；(2)求证：四边形BCDG为平行四边形；(3)连接CG,当CG与厶BCD的一边垂直时，求CG的长度.26. (14分)二次函数y x2 2mx 3 ( m . 3 )的图像与x轴交于点A ( a , 0)和点B ( a n , 0) ( n 0且n为整数)，与y轴交于C点。
(1)若a 1①求二次函数关系式；②求△ ABC的面积；(2)求证：a m —；2(3)线段AB (包括A、B)上有且只有三个点的横坐标是整数，求a的值.2015年中考适应性考试数学试题参考答案一、选择题(每题3分，共18分)1. A2.C3.D4.C5. D6. B二、填空题：(每题3分，共30分)7. x 2 8.6.75 1049•甲10. 52 142 11. x -2cc 2 12 十6012. 60 13. 6 m 14.12 15. 16. 或3 5 7三、解答题：(共102分)17. (1)原式=|2—“：3| 1 4 -.3 ................................................................. 3分=2—•. 3 1 4 … 3 = 5 ........................................................................... 5 分2(2) 2 x(x 2) x 4 ............................................................................................... 7 分2 22 x 2x x 42x 6x 3 ....................................................................................... 9 分检验：当x 3时，x2 4 9 4 5 0 ,所以x 3是原方程的解..................................... 10分(x 1) x 1 1X 1 x x(x 1) = X 1 x x(x 1) = 1 x(x 1)x 1 x 1 1 x 1 1 x 1 1=x ................................................................................................................... 4 分由x2 x 2 0，可得x=—2或x = 1 ........................................................ 6分因为x 0, x 1，所以x= — 2 ............................................................... 7分原式=-2 .......................................................................................................... 8分19. (1) 20 40%= 50 (人)；............................................. 2 分将条形统计图补充如下：(2)10 50=20% , 360 20%= 72所以，在扇形统计图中，等级C对应的圆心角的度数为72度；.............. 6分(3)(15 20) 50=70%，70% 850 = 595 (人)答：该校九年级学生共有850人参加体育测试，达到A级和B级的学生给共有595人.................................................................................................................... 8分1 八20. ( 1)出现向上点数为6的频率=—........................................ 2分6(2)........................................................................................................................... 丙的说法不正确，.................................................................... 3分理由：(1)因为实验次数较多时，向上点数为6的频率接近于概率，但不说明概率就等一1定等于频率；(2)从概率角度来说，向上点数为6的概率是一的意义是指平均每6次出现61次；................................................................... 5分(注：两点理由说到一点给全分)(3)用表格列出所有等可能性结果：123456123456723456783456789456「78 :9r 1015678910116789101112共有36种等可能性结果，其中点数之和为3的倍数可能性结果有12个••• P (点数之和为3的倍数)21. (1)设笔记本的单价为依题意可知: 20x 12y15x 25y12 1__ ' '36 3x元，钢笔的单价为y元，312330Afex 12解之得.......................................................... 5分y 6答：笔记本的单价为12元，钢笔的单价为6元 .................................. 6分（2）526- 24 12= 238 （元）所以，买钢笔的总钱数为238元，............... 8分2所以钢笔的支数=238十6= 39—，这与钢笔支数为整数不符合，3故总价算错了 .......................................................... 10分22. 延长CB交PQ于H ,•/ BC丄MN •••/ NCB = 90°v MN // PQ /-Z AHC =Z NCB = 90° .................................... 1 分在Rt△ ABH 中，Z BAQ = 37°, AB = 12.5BHsin BAQ = , BH =12.5 sin37 12.5 0.60 7.5 （米）.............. 3分ABAHcos BAQ= , AH=12.5 cos37 12.5 0.80 10 （米） ...................... 5 分AB在Rt△ ACH 中，Z CAQ = 45°CHtan CAQ = , CH =10 tan45 10 （米）................................... 7 分AH• CB = CH —BH = 10-7.5= 2.5 （米）.......................................... 9 分答：二楼的层高BC为2.5米。