英语单词的上下义关系
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整理ppt
1、the relationship between the whole and its membership 整体和成员之间的 关系
e.g. 学生—— 小学生、中学生、大学生…... 车—— 轿车、客车、吉普车、卡车…...
★Hyponymy 构成上下义
整理ppt
2、the relationship between the whole and its component 整体与其构件的关系
horse
dog pig cockroach cabbage rose
pine
mare hound swine
整理ppt
Trees surround the water near our summer place.
Old elms surround the lake near our summer cabin.
e.g. 火车——车头、车厢、车尾…… 人——头、胳膊、手、脚……
★部分代表不了整体，不能构成上下义关系
整理ppt
Attention
钢琴、小提琴、长笛——乐器 Musical instruments 钢笔、粉笔——笔 Pen chalk----没有对应的上义词
整理ppt
Attention:
词的上下义关系和词义表达的团体与成员 或单位和部门的关系区别开
Hyponym (subordinate)
下义词
Hyperonym (superordinate)
上义词 整理ppt
Example
rose lily
tulip
…… 整理ppt
flower
Example
parrot
sparrow
oriole
…… 整理ppt
bird
Attention:
Hyponymy can be describes in terms of tree-like graphs, with higher-order superordinates above the lower subordinate.
Their status either as superordinate or subordinate is relative to other terms.
整理ppt
Tree-like graphs
Living things
creature
plant
animal
insect vegetable flower tree
http://www.doc88.com/p161101816645.html
整理ppt
整理ppt
However, this does not mean that subordinate are better than superordinate.
整理ppt
She likes dogs and other animals.
There is no flower more beautiful than a rose.
I like all fruits except bananas.
She reads book all day –mostly novels.
整理ppt
Distinction: Hyponymy and Meronymy
Meronymy [mərə‘nɪmɪ] n. the semantic relation that holds between a part and the whole 整体部分关系
I met a writer who is the relation of a politician. I met a newspaper reporter who is the brother
of Senator Buckley.
整理ppt
Subordinates: concrete precise vivid Superordinate: general vague
Hyponymy
-----上下义关系
整理ppt
Outline
Definition of hyponymy Superordinate and subordinate Use of superordinate and
subordinate Some details out Baidu Nhomakorabeaf the book
整理ppt
例：消防队——消防员 班级——学生 大学——系 医院——外科
★不是上下义关系
整理ppt
Reference
http://wenku.baidu.com/view/cc16efeb102 de2bd9605882e.html
http://www.doc88.com/p989347530629.html
Hyponymy 上下义关系
Hyponymy deals with the relationship of semantic inclusion.
the meaning of a more specific word is included in that of another more general word.
1、the relationship between the whole and its membership 整体和成员之间的 关系
e.g. 学生—— 小学生、中学生、大学生…... 车—— 轿车、客车、吉普车、卡车…...
★Hyponymy 构成上下义
整理ppt
2、the relationship between the whole and its component 整体与其构件的关系
horse
dog pig cockroach cabbage rose
pine
mare hound swine
整理ppt
Trees surround the water near our summer place.
Old elms surround the lake near our summer cabin.
e.g. 火车——车头、车厢、车尾…… 人——头、胳膊、手、脚……
★部分代表不了整体，不能构成上下义关系
整理ppt
Attention
钢琴、小提琴、长笛——乐器 Musical instruments 钢笔、粉笔——笔 Pen chalk----没有对应的上义词
整理ppt
Attention:
词的上下义关系和词义表达的团体与成员 或单位和部门的关系区别开
Hyponym (subordinate)
下义词
Hyperonym (superordinate)
上义词 整理ppt
Example
rose lily
tulip
…… 整理ppt
flower
Example
parrot
sparrow
oriole
…… 整理ppt
bird
Attention:
Hyponymy can be describes in terms of tree-like graphs, with higher-order superordinates above the lower subordinate.
Their status either as superordinate or subordinate is relative to other terms.
整理ppt
Tree-like graphs
Living things
creature
plant
animal
insect vegetable flower tree
http://www.doc88.com/p161101816645.html
整理ppt
整理ppt
However, this does not mean that subordinate are better than superordinate.
整理ppt
She likes dogs and other animals.
There is no flower more beautiful than a rose.
I like all fruits except bananas.
She reads book all day –mostly novels.
整理ppt
Distinction: Hyponymy and Meronymy
Meronymy [mərə‘nɪmɪ] n. the semantic relation that holds between a part and the whole 整体部分关系
I met a writer who is the relation of a politician. I met a newspaper reporter who is the brother
of Senator Buckley.
整理ppt
Subordinates: concrete precise vivid Superordinate: general vague
Hyponymy
-----上下义关系
整理ppt
Outline
Definition of hyponymy Superordinate and subordinate Use of superordinate and
subordinate Some details out Baidu Nhomakorabeaf the book
整理ppt
例：消防队——消防员 班级——学生 大学——系 医院——外科
★不是上下义关系
整理ppt
Reference
http://wenku.baidu.com/view/cc16efeb102 de2bd9605882e.html
http://www.doc88.com/p989347530629.html
Hyponymy 上下义关系
Hyponymy deals with the relationship of semantic inclusion.
the meaning of a more specific word is included in that of another more general word.