计算机专业英语重点句子
计算机的专业英语选择
标准实用Multiple 11. The keyboard, mouse, monitor, and system unit are:2. Programs that coordinate computer resources, provide an interface, and run applications are known as:3. A browser is an example of a:4. Although not as powerful as a supercomputer, this type of computer is capable of great processing speeds and data storage.5. The smallest type of microcomputer:netbook handheld midrange tablet PC6. RAM is a type of:computer memory network secondary storage7. Unlike memory, this type of storage holds data and programs even aftermainframe midrangenetbookcentermedia specialized programutility programbasic application system application operating systemsutility programsapplication programs storage systems hardware software devices devicesstorage outputelectrical power to the computer system has been turned off.8. The type of file created by word processors to save, for example, memos, term papers, and letters.9. The change in connectivity that uses the Internet and the Web to shift many computer activities from a user ’s computer to computers on the Internet.definitioncomputingnetworkcloud high USB presentationworksheetdocumentdatabase secondary primary RAMROM标准实用10. The largest network in the world is [the]:Multiple 21. The network that connects computers all over the world.2. The rules for exchanging data between computers.3. Client-based e-mail accounts require this special program to be installed on your computer.4. Communities of individuals who share a common interest typically create Facebook:5. E-mail that does not require an e-mail program installed on a user's computer is known as:6. A very well-known microblog.Webmailu t il it y podcastblog profiles clients groups pageshyperlinku t il it y client e-mail JavaprotocolsWWW Web DSL Internet CERN Web LAN Facbeook InternetUSBWeb7. These programs continually look for new information and update search services ’ database programs.8. A type of search engine that submits requests to other search engines, organizes their responses, eliminates duplicate responses, orders hits, and then provides an edited list.ISPspecialized search enginedirectory search metasearch enginespidersf ilt e r s wikis IMWikipedia LinkedIn TwitterMySpace标准实用9. This is the Internet ’s equivalent to traditional cash.10. Using file transfer utility software, you can copy files to your computer from specially configured servers on the Internet. This is called:Multiple 31. This type of software works with end users, application software, and computer hardware to handle the majority of technical details.2. A rectangular area that can contain a document, program, or message.3. Programs that create text-based documents.DBMS suites spreadsheets word processors4. Programs that organize, analyze, and graph numeric data such as budgets and financial reports.DBMS suites spreadsheets word processors5. In a spreadsheet, the intersection of a row and column creates a:window dialog frame form box application general u t il it y purposesystem downloading filteringuploading bloggingdigital cash e-commerce icash Internetdollars6. A collection of related data that is the electronic equivalent of a file cabinet.7. A database tool that will quickly rearrange a ’s records according to tablespreadsheetprocessor f i l t e rword sortdatabasedocumenttable cell functionformulalabel cell a selected field.标准实用8. Programs that combine a variety of visual objects to create attractive, visually interesting presentations.9. The primary disadvantage of this type of package is that the capabilities of each function are not as extensive as in individual programs.10. A type of suite stored at a server on the Internet and available anywhere through Internet access.Multiple 41. These specialized graphics programs combine text and graphics to create publications of professional quality.2. Also known as drawing programs.3. Graphics programs used to create and edit vector images.desktop publishing programs imagegalleries image editorsillustration programsdesktop publishing programs image galleries image editorsillustration programsdesktop publishing programs image galleries image editorsillustration programsintegratedu t ility officecloud integrated softwareu t il it y officepresentation spreadsheetprocessor graphicsword DBMS ACTION4. An essential multimedia feature that allows user participation.5. Special programs used to create multimedia presentations.6. A widely used interactive animation application from Adobe.WYSIWYG FlashFuzzydesktop publishing programs image editors Flash editorsmultimedia authoring programsinteractivityimmersionraster Flash标准实用7. Programs for Web site design and HTML coding are called Web page editors or8. This area of artificial intelligence is also known as expert systems.9. A type of artificial intelligence that uses a database to provide assistance to users.10. Another name for the database used in expert systems that contains specific facts and rules.Multiple 51. What type of software works with users, application software, and computer hardware to handle the majority of technical details?2. The programs that convert programming instructions written by programmers into a language that computers understand and process are language:translators converters linguistsmanagersdapplication desktopsystem Linuxaccess table expert table knowledge base rulebase acoustics expert systems robotics virtualreality acoustics knowledge-based systems robotics virtualreality programseditorseditors HTML apps Web VR3. The ability to switch between different applications stored in memory is called:4. Graphic representations for a program, type of file, or function:softwarediversion programming multitaskinginterferenceoperational imageiconapp标准实用5. This operating system feature is controlled by a mouse and changes shape depending on its current function.6. The operating system based on Linux, designed for Netbook computers, and focused on Internet connectivity through cloud computing:7. The mobile operating system developed by Apple and originally called iPhone OS:Android BlackBerry OS IOS Mac OS8. A utility program that makes copies of files to be used in case the originals are lost or damaged:Backup and Restore Disk Cleanup Disk Defragmenter Compactor9. A troubleshooting utility that identifies and eliminates nonessential files, frees up valuable disk space, and improves system performance:Backup and Restore Disk Cleanup Disk Defragmenter Compactor10. Windows makes it easy to update drivers with Windows:Backup Restore Driver UpdateMultiple 61. This container houses most of the electrical components for a computer system.Windows ChromeUnix Mac pointer dialog mouse menu box2. Similar to notebooks, this system unit specializes in on-the-go Web browsing and e-mail access.chassis desktop media center netbook3. Computers can only recognize this type of electronic signal.analog bus digital maximum4. The main or motherboard is also known as the: carrier packagesystem system tuner board unit TV标准实用5. How many bytes can a 32-bit-word computer access at one time?6. In a microcomputer system, the central processing unit is contained on a single:RAM7. This type of memory divides large programs into parts and stores the parts on a secondary storage device.8. Also known as NIC, this adapter card is used to connect a computer to a:9. This provides a pathway to connect parts of the CPU to each other.bus Plug and Play wired wireless10. Older ports that have largely been replaced by faster, more flexible ports are called:buses expandable legacy renderedMultiple 7expansion graphics network AIArandom-access expanded virtual direct16 4 8 1processor computermobile system system board board module chip bus1. Most keyboards use an arrangement of keys known as:2. The device that controls a pointer displayed on the monitor.3. Also known as a roller ball, this device controls the pointer by rotating a ball with your thumb. trackball cordless joystick stylus mouse printer scanner mouse cordOptiKey QWERTY AlphaDaisy标准实用4. The type of screen that can be touched with more than one finger and supports zooming in and out by pinching and stretching your fingers.5. Flatbed and document are types of:6. Device used by banks to automatically read those unusual numbers on the bottom of checks and deposit slips.7. The most widely used audio- input device.8. The monitor feature that specifies how often a displayed image is updated.9. Handheld, book-sized devices that display text and graphics.10. This technology allows television stations to broadcast their programming directly to smartphones, computers, and digital media players.Mobile HDTV DTV CRTLED whiteboards readerse-book lasers HDTV aspect ratio dot pitch refresh rateresolution ratemicrophone mouseTFT VR MICRFDIC UPC OMR monitors scanners headsetsHDTVs multitouch digitaldynamic OLEDMultiple 81. RAM is sometimes referred to as:2. The actual physical material that holds the data and programs. primary storage media disk access3. Measures how tightly these charges can be packed next to one another on the disk. ratio active memory secondary storage primary storageread only memory标准实用4. When a read/write head makes contact with the hard disk ’s surface, it causes a head:5. This hard-disk performance enhancement anticipates data needs.6. This type of storage uses pits and lands to represent 1s and 0s.7. DVD stands for:8. USB drives are also known as:9. An organizational strategy to promote efficient and safe use of data across the networks.10. A mass storage device that provides access to data archived on tapes.library system systemtape RAID f i l e NAS cloud dynamic data mission statemententerprise storage system RAIDuniversal optical drivesdrives flash ports state bus digital versatile disc dynamic versatile discdigital video data dynamic video disc optical cloudsolid state disk hard file decompression compression cachingdisk RAID f i l e scratch crashland pit cylinders densitysectors tracksMultiple 91. The concept related to using computer networks to link people and resources.2. A high-frequency transmission cable that delivers television signals as well as connects computers in a network.coaxial hi def 3-D twisted pair connectivityTCP/IP Wi-Fi GPS标准实用3. A short- range radio communication standard that transmits data over short distances of up to approximately 30 feet.4. The speed with which a modem transmits data is called its:5. The bandwidth typically used for DSL, cable, and satellite connections to the Internet.6. Every computer on the Internet has a unique numeric address called a(n):7. Sometimes referred to as a LAN adapter, these expansion cards connect a computer to a network.8. A device that allows one LAN to be linked to other LANs or to larger networks.9. Typically using Wi-Fi technology, these wireless access points are typically available from public places such as coffee shops, libraries, bookstores, colleges, and universities.extranets hotspotsLANs PANs gateway network switch PAN IDSPCMCIAserver VPN NIC broadcast addresspacket DNS IP broadband voiceband basebandmedium band digital velocity dynamic rate modular rating transfer r a t eBluetoothbroadband TCP/IP DSL10. Star, tree, and mesh are three types of network:Multiple 101. The three primary privacy issues are accuracy, property, and:ownership s ecurity access e th ic s topologies s t r a te g ie s protocols devices标准实用2. To easily get names, addresses, and other details about a person using only his or her telephone number, government authorities and others use a(n):3. Browsers store the locations of sites visited in a:4. The browser mode that eliminates history files and blocks most cookies.5. The information that people voluntarily post in social networking sites, blogs, and photo- and video-sharing sites is used to create their:6. Computer criminals who specialize in stealing, trading, and using stolen credit cards over the Internet are known as:7. Programs that come into a computer system disguised as something else are called:8. The use of the Internet, cell phones, or other devices to send or post content intended to hurt or embarrass another person is known as:cyber-bullyingsocial media discrimination online harassmentunethical communicationviruseszombies Trojan horses bugsWeb scammersidentity carders thieves t r a d e r scyber card approval f ir e wa llidentityonline access phish privacydetect insertsleep f ir e wa ll h istor y menuto o l bard irectorykeystroke reverse cookie adware loggerworm9. Special hardware and software used to control access to a corporation ’ s private network is known as a(n):10. To prevent copyright violations, corporations often use:WPA DRMVPNACTcommunication gatespyware removal programantivirus program f ir e wa l l标准实用Multiple 111.Which of the basic organizational functions records all financial activity from billing customers to paying employees?accounting marketing production research2.What managerial level has information flow that is vertical,horizontal,and external?top supervisory middle foreman3.Which computer-based information system uses data from TPS and analytical tools to support middle managers?ESS MIS DSS TPS4.Accounts payable refers to money the company owes its suppliers for materials and services it has:created exported inventoried received5.What accounting activity keeps track of all summaries of all transactions?balance sheet general ledgerincome statement inventory control6.What accounting statement lists the overall financial condition of an organization?balance sheet general ledgerincome statement inventory control7.What type of report is produced at regular intervals?demand exception inventory periodic8. A DSS consists of four parts:user,system software,decision models,and:application software data operating systemspreadsheets9.What type of worker is involved with the distribution,communication,and creation of information?标准实用10. What type of program is designed to schedule, plan, and control project resources?Multiple 121. Facts or observations about people, places, things, and events are:data occurrences records tables2. The most basic logical data element such as a single letter, number, or special character is known as a:character element phrase record3. Each record in a database has at least one distinctive field, called the:key field structure type view4. One element of database security is to provide only authorized users with:5. The bridge between the logical and physical views of the data is provided by:passwordsr e la tio ns c lasses nodesschedulers managersa uditing pro jec t dtpinformationexecutive knowledge foreman6. Highly trained computer specialists who interact with the data administration subsystem are known as:7. In a network database, each child node may have more than one parent node; this is known as a:8. Connections between parent nodes and child nodes are provided by:many-to-many relationshiprelational relationshiphierarchy parentrelationshipDBMS data modelers database administrators relational s p e c i a l i s t s recordst a b le s DBMS SQL标准实用9. Two of the most significant advantages of multidimensional databases over relational databases are processing speed and:10. Object-oriented databases organize data by classes, attributes, methods, and:objects relations space timeMultiple 131. An information system is a collection of hardware, software, people, procedures, and:data DBMS specialists system analysts2. What is the first phase in the systems life cycle?3. Which phase in the systems life cycle involves installing the new system and training people?systems analysis systems implementationpreliminaryinvestigationsystems designneeds analysis systems analysis c onceptualization o b je c t if ic a tio n controlformatcharacters pointers objectsDBApreliminaryinvestigationsystem design4. This phase in the systems life cycle is concerned about determining system requirements not in design.systems analysis systems implementation5. Which systems analysis tool shows the relationship between input and output documents?6. These tools relieve the systems analysts of many repetitive tasks, develop clear documentation, and, for larger projects, coordinate team member activities.c hecklis td ecision t a b lechart grid data flowpreliminaryinvestigationsystem design标准实用7. Which systems life cycle phase is concerned with economic, technical, and operationalfeasibility?8. What type of feasibility evaluates whether the people within the organization will embrace or resist a new system?behavioral economic operational techinical9. Which approach to conversion begins by trying out a new system in only one part of an organization?direct pilot parallel phased10. An alternative to the systems life cycle approach using powerful development software, small specialized teams, and highly trained personnel.Multiple 141. A program is a list of instructions for the computer to follow to process:2. The major processing steps identified in a top-down program design are called:software hardware d i r e c t logicdata prototypingCASERAD AAD preliminaryinvestigationsystems design systems analysis systems implementationautomated systems life cycle data flow analyzers CASEflow chartsassembly instructions modules logic3.The programming logic structure in which one program statement follows another.4.One of the best ways to code effective programs is to use the three basic logic structures to create:content-markup programs pseudocodemodular languages structured programsc oncatenation r e p e titio n selec tio nloop标准实用5. Which step in the six-step programming procedure involves desk checking and searching for syntax and logic errors?6. Which step in the six-step programming procedure is the final step?7. Unlike traditional systems development, this software development approach focuses less on the procedures and more on defining the relationships between previously defined procedures.8. Natural languages are considered to be a:9. A compiler converts the programmer ’s procedural language program, called the source code, into a machine language code, called the:10. The 4GL languages that enable nonprogrammers to use certain easily understood commands to search and generate reports from a database.query application generator C11 COBOLMultiple 15interpreter codestructured codeobject code top-down code low- level language procedural language high- level languagemid- level languageobject-oriented context-markup module 2GLprogram documentation program maintenance program designprogram testprogram documentation program test program designprogram maintenance1. People who react to technology by thinking computers are magic boxes capable of solving all kinds of problems that computers really can ’t handle are:cynics frustrated na ï ve proactive2. The type of person that looks at technology in a positive realistic way is: frustrated proactive cynical na ï ve标准实用3. Books, journals, and trade associations are the best sources to help you:4. If your career is in marketing, it makes sense to develop a specialty in:database desktop publishingprogramming systems analysis and design5. What computer professional repairs and installs computer components and systems?computer technician data entry workerdesktop publisher software engineer6. What computer professional designs, tests, and researches encryption procedures?cryptographer network administratorprogrammer software engineer7. What computer professional uses database management software to determine the most efficient ways to organize and access data?cryptographer database administratorprogrammer software engineer8. What computer professional oversees the work of programmers, computer specialists, systems analysts, and other computer professionals?information systems manager network managersoftware engineer technical writerdevelop specialties maintain your computer competencydevelop personal contactslook for innovative opportunities9. What computer professional creates, tests, and troubleshoots computer programs?10. What computer professional plans and designs information systems?programmer systems analyst network managersoftware engineer programmer technical writernetwork managersoftware engineer。
计算机专业英语影印版句子词语翻译（知识点复习考点归纳总结）
计算机专业英语影印版句子词语翻译（知识点复习考点归纳总结）○11.Visual chapter openers and summaries具视觉效果的开篇和总结2.On the Web explorations 网络资源3.Tips 小贴士，小窍门4.Making IT work for you 为你所用5.Concept checks and review 检查6.Key terms 核心词汇7.Careers in IT 信息技术相关职业8.Procedures (指令，操作说明)9.Software (软件)10.Hardware (硬件)11.Blocking spam 垃圾邮件过滤软件12.Speech Recognition 语音识别软件13.Virus Protection and Internet Security14.网络安全软件/doc/943653572.html, Tuner Cards and Video Clips电视卡和视频编辑软件16.Web Cams and Instant Messaging 网络视频摄像头和即时通讯17.Music from the Internet网络音乐下载、上传和编辑18.Home Networking 家庭网络19.Spyware Removal 间谍软件移除工具20.Job Opportunities 网络就业机会搜索软件21.Operation system 操作系统22.Coordinate resources 协调资源23.Interface 提供接口24.Run applications 运行应用程序25.Utilities 公共实用程序26.Device drivers 设备驱动程序27.Browser 浏览器程序28.Microsoft Office 办公软件29.Basic application 基础应用程序/doc/943653572.html,itary or Government 军事政府31.Research institute 研究机构32.Insurance companies 保险公司33.Mainframe computers 大型机，主机34.Supercomputers 超级计算机35.Minicomputers 中型电脑36.Microcomputers 微机个人计算机37.Desktop computer 台式电脑38.Notebook computer, laptop computers手提式、膝上轻便电脑39.Tablet PC 支持手写的平板电脑40.Handheld computer 掌上电脑41.Windows mobile 操作系统42.Electronic Dictionary 电子词典43.Palm computer 掌上电脑44.Handheld computer 手持电脑/doc/943653572.html,itary PDA 军用PDA46.System unit：microprocessor and memory微处理器和内存47.Input/output devices 输入和输出48.Keyboard 键盘49.Mouse 鼠标50.Monitor 显示器printer 打印机51.Secondary storage 辅助存储器/doc/943653572.html,pact discs (CD) 激光盘53.Digital versatile or video discs (DVD) 数字化视频光盘54.High-definition discs (HDD) 高清盘55.Document files 文字处理56.Worksheet files 工作表单57.Database files 数据库文件58.Presentation files 演示文件/doc/943653572.html,puter competency refers to acquiring computer-related skills-indispensable tools for today.2.Present an overview of an information system 概述信息系统3.Understand these basic parts and how connectivity through the Internet.5大组成部分及如何访问网络4.Filled out computerized forms, took computerized tests 填写电脑化的表格和考试5.People are surely the most important part of any information system. 人是信息系统中最重要的组成元素6.Our lives are touched every day by computers and information systems. 我们的生活每天都要接触计算机、信息系统分不开7.Making IT Work for You：present interesting and practical IT applications. 实用的信息技术应用8.Tips：suggestions ranging from the basics of keeping your computer system running smoothly to how to protect your privacy while surfing the Web. 关于计算机运用和网上冲浪安全的提示和建议9.Careers in IT：provides job descriptions, projected employment demands, educational requirements, current salary ranges, and advancement opportunities. 信息技术相关的工作/doc/943653572.html,puting Essentials Web site：more information on the Web. 本课本相关的网络资源11.Software are the instructions that tell the computer how to process date into the form you want. 软件就是指导计算机把数据转换成信息的指令12.In the most case, the words software and programs are interchangeable. 大多时候，软件和程序的概念是可以互换的13.系统软件是应用软件和计算机硬件的中间连接件。
计算机专业常用英语
10. local a. 局部；本地[机]
localhost 本(主)机
比较 remote a. 远程 remote access 远程访问 remote communications 远程通信 remote terminal 远程终端
11. ring network 环形网络 ring topology 环形拓扑
4
比较 model 模型 module 模块 modulo 模(运算)
11. opcode 操作码( operation code ) 12. decode v. 译码
decoder 译码器，解码器，翻译程序
5
2.2 Microprocessor And Microcomputer
1. integrated circuit 集成电路
8. library (程序)库，库
16
9. single threading 单线程处理方式
Within a program, the running of a single process at a time. 在程序中，一次运行一个进程的方式。
single-precision 单精度 single-user computer 单用户计算机 thread 线程；线索 threaded tree 线索树 threading 线程技术
11
16. idle a. 空闲，等待
Operational but not in use. 用来说明处在可操作状态但不在使用。 idle state 空闲状态
12
18. launch v. 启动，激活 19. prototyping 原型法 20. project n. 投影运算 21. workstation 工作站
计算机专业英语词句考试重点
Different types and sizes of computers find uses throughout society in the storage and handling o f data, from secret governmental files to banking transactions to private household accounts.在整个社会，不同型号和不同大小的计算机被用于存储和处理各种数据，从政府保密文件、银行交易到私人家庭账目。
Computer crime has become one of the many risks that are part of the price of modern technology.计算机犯罪已经成为作为现代技术代价组成部分的许多风险之一。
During World War II ,a team of scientists and mathematicians, working at Bletchley Park,north of London,created one of the first all-electronic digital computers:Colossus.二次世界大战期间，以伦敦北面的布莱切利公园为工作地点的一组科学家和数学家，制造了最早的全电子数字计算机之一：“巨人”。
The instructions,like the data,were stored within a ” memory ”,freeing the computer from the speed limitations of the paper-tape reader during execution and permitting problems to be solved without rewiring the computer.指令像数据一样存储在“存储器”中，使计算机在执行过程中摆脱了纸带阅读器的速度限制，并使问题在不给计算机重新接线的情况下得以解决。
计算机专业英语单词和例句
计算机专业英语单词和例句英文回答：Computer science is a field that encompasses the study of computers and computational systems. It involves the design and development of software and hardware, as well as the analysis and application of algorithms and data structures. In this field, we use various programming languages to write code and create software applications that can perform specific tasks.For example, one important programming language used in computer science is Java. Java is a high-level programming language that is known for its platform independence, which means that Java programs can run on different operating systems without the need for recompilation. This makes it a popular choice for developing cross-platform applications.Another commonly used programming language in computer science is Python. Python is known for its simplicity andreadability, making it a great language for beginners. It is widely used in areas such as data analysis, artificial intelligence, and web development. For instance, Python can be used to analyze large datasets and extract meaningful insights from them.In addition to programming languages, computer science also involves the study of algorithms and data structures. An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure for solving a problem, while a data structure is a way of organizing and storing data. These concepts are fundamental to computer science and are used in various applications. For instance, a sorting algorithm can be used to arrange a list of numbers in ascending or descending order.Furthermore, computer science encompasses various subfields, such as artificial intelligence, computer graphics, and network security. Artificial intelligence focuses on creating intelligent machines that can perform tasks that typically require human intelligence, such as speech recognition and image classification. Computer graphics involves the creation and manipulation of visualcontent, such as 3D models and animations. Network security deals with protecting computer networks from unauthorized access and threats.In conclusion, computer science is a vast and ever-evolving field that involves the study of computers, programming languages, algorithms, and data structures. It has numerous applications in various industries and plays a crucial role in advancing technology.中文回答：计算机科学是一个涵盖了计算机和计算系统研究的领域。
计算机专业英语句子
1.Bad file name or command. 错误的文件名或命令。
2.Abort, Retry, Ignore? 中止，重试或取消？3.Please read the f ollowing license agreement. 请认真阅读下列授权协议书。
4.It is reco mme nded y ou exit all theother applications before continuingwiththis installation. 建议安装前先关闭其他所有的应用程序。
5.Press OK to c ontinue installation of this software. 请单击【OK】按钮继续安装。
6.Press F1 for Help. 按 F1 键请求帮助。
7.Restart your computer and f inish setup. 重启你的计算机，完成安装。
8.Write protected disk i n drive. 磁盘写保护。
9.Are yo u sure yo u wan t to c o ntin ue[Y/N]?确认继续吗？（是按Y／不是按N键）10.Not enough memory. 内存不足。
11.Set the front of your monitor to face the east if possible. 如果可能，请把您的显示器的面板朝东。
12.When cleaning the outside of your monitor and picture tube, use a damp cloth or a cloth with a recommended detergent, please. 要清洁显示器的外表和显像管，请用湿布或蘸有推荐洗涤剂的布。
13.Connect the power cord f or your monitor to t he power port o n the back ofthe monitor. 把你的显示器的电源线连接到显示器背面的电源端口。
计算机专业英语
第三单元1 Knowledge about Everything that effects your business .Business intelligence.知识有关的一切，影响您的业务。
商业情报。
2 It multidimensional made of columns, rows and layers dData warehouse它的列，行和层次作出多方面的数据仓库3 tools help process information to create business intelligenceOLTP, OLAP工具帮助过程的信息来创建商业智能联机事务处理，联机分析处理4 T/F - Automatic teller machines is an example of OLAPFALSE自动柜员机是OLAP的例子5 T/F - OLTP enables end-users to perform analysis of dataFALSE的OLTP使最终用户进行数据分析6.T/F - columns have logical namesTRUE列具有逻辑名称7T/F-Data dictionary contains the logical structure of the information in a database TRUE包含数据字典中的信息数据库的逻辑结构8.Database tools are software tools use to query information in a data warehouse FALSE [Data-mining tools]数据库工具软件工具的使用在数据仓库的查询信息假[数据挖掘工具]9.Statistical tools apply various mathematical models to the information stored in a databaseFalse [ used for the data wearhouse]统计工具，适用于一个数据库中存储的信息的各种数学模型假[用于数据男仕服饰公司]10.T/F - Data warehouses are organization wideTrue数据仓库是组织全11.T/F - with SQL database program displays a blank record with a space for each field.FALSE [Query-by-example]与SQL数据库程序显示了每一个空间领域的空白记录。
计算机专业英语句子翻译
Translation：1.When unprocessed data is sent to the computer with the help of input devices, the data isprocessed and sent to output devices.输入设备将未处理的数据发送到计算机时，数据将被处理并发送到输出设备。
2.The control unit, ALU, and registers are collectively known as a central processing unit(CPU).控制单元，ALU和寄存器统称为中央处理器（CPU）。
3.The CPU contains a special set of memory cells called registers that can be read and writtento much more rapidly than the main memory area.CPU包含一组称为寄存器的特殊存储器单元，读取和写入寄存器的速度比在主存储器更快。
4. A computer can store any kind of information in memory if it can be representednumerically.只要能表示为数字，计算机就能将任何类型的信息存储在存储器中。
5.Control systems in advanced computers may change the order of execution of someinstructions to improve performance.高级计算机中的控制系统可以改变某些指令的执行顺序以提高性能。
6.On computers that can provide parallel processing, an operating system can manage howto divide the program so that it runs on more than one processor at a time.在可以提供并行处理的电脑上，操作系统可以管理如何分解程序，以便在多个处理器中同时运行该程序。
计算机专业英语
1、It is possible to be familiar with various aspects of computer software without being concerned with the details of how the computer‟s hardware operates.即使是一个不了解计算机硬件的工作细节的人，也可以精通计算机软件2、All instructions and data must be converted into binary data before they can be executed.所有的指令和文件在执行之前都会被转换成二进制3、Every computer on the Internet has a unique numeric address called an IP address.每台计算机在互联网上都有一个独特的数字地址被称为IP地址4、The control unit tells the computer system how to carry out a program’s instruction.控制器告诉计算机怎样执行程序指令5、After many years‟ competition, the main CPU families occupy the computer markets, the Intel series and the AMD series share the computer world.经过多年的竞争，两个系列的CPU在占领了计算机的市场：Intel系列和AMD系列6、RAM is called temporary because as soon as the microcomputer is turned off, everything in RAM is lost. RAM被称为临时的，因为一旦计算机关闭，存放在RAM中的内容就会被丢失7、A recently released technology called Bluetooth promises to allow a wide variety of nearby devices to communicate with one other without any physical connection.最近发布的所谓蓝牙技术的承诺允许在没有任何其他物理连接的情况下进行各种设备的交流。
计算机专业英语复习资料整理
计算机专业英语复习资料整理英译汉汉译英翻译&简答1）The motherboard is the communications web for the entire computer system.译:主板是整个计算机系统的沟通⽹。
2）The central processing unit (CPU) is the “brain” of the computer.译:中央处理单元，即CPU，是计算机的“⼤脑”3）CPU consists of two function al units: the control unit and the arithmetic-logic unit.译:CPU有两个功能单元：控制单元和算术-逻辑单元。
4）A computer is a fast and accurate system that is organized to accept, store and process data, and produce results under the direction of a stored program.5）译:计算机是快速⽽精准的系统，它⽤来接收、存储和处理数据，并在已存储的程序的指引下输出结果。
6）When people use the term “memory” in reference to computers, they are almost always referring to the computer’s main memory (or primary memory) called random access memory or RAM, which is comprised of chips attached to the motherboard.译:当⼈们谈及计算机⽤到“内存”这个术语时，他们⼏乎总是在指被称为随机存储器RAM的计算机的主存储器，它是由固定在主板上的芯⽚构成的。
计算机专业英语
单词①、The Evolution of Computers ----------------计算机的发展②、Components of Computer Systen-----------计算机系统的组成③、Software Engineering -------------------------软件工程④、Data Structure-----------------------------------数据结构⑤、Operating System-------------------------------操作系统⑥、Programming Design---------------------------程序设计⑦、Office Automnation ----------------------------办公自动化⑧、Electronic Business-----------------------------电子商务⑨、Computer Security-----------------------------计算机安全⑩、Virtual Reality-----------------------------------虚拟现实翻译句子①、Computer is an electronic equipment which can make anithmetic and logical calculation,process information rapidly and automatically.计算机是一种能够高速、自动地进行算术和逻辑运算及信息处理的电子设备。
②、Real-time control is the control of procedure in the process of practical productions where conputers are applied.实时控制是指计算机应用于实际生产过程中的过程控制。
计算机专业英语 考试重点
1．缩写写完整并翻译2．汉语翻译英文3．翻译英文4．标点写英文Lesson 1IEEE:AGP：COMS：USB：DSL：PCI：DVD-ROM：并行接口：主板：虚拟内存：商业软件：局域网：1.On many machines ,the BIOS displays text describing such data as the amount of memory installed in your computer and the type of hard disk you have.2. Now that you are familiar with the parts of a PC, Let’s see what happens in a typical computer session, from the moment you turn the computer on until you shut it down.A. Y ou press the "On" button on the computer and the monitor.B. Y ou see the BIOS software doing its thing, called the power-on self-test (POST).3.The BOSS looks at the sequence of storage devices identified as boot devices in the COMS Setup. “Boot” is short for “bootstrap”。
4.Each instruction from the word-processing program is sent by the operating system to the CPU . These instructions are intertwined with instructions from other programs that the operating system is overseeing before being sent to the CPU. An this time, the operating system is steadily providing display information to the graphics card, directing what will be displayed on monitor.Lesson 2TFT：MHz：LCD，LED：CRT：DLP：PDP：失真：拖尾效应：等离子显示：游戏机：饱和度：重影：奇数行与偶数行：刷新屏幕：1．A visual display unit , often called simply a monitor or display , is a piece of electrical equipment which displays images generated from the video output of devices such as computers without producing a permanent record。
计算机英语考点整理-删减版
Unit1英汉互译单词下面有多处单词拼写的错误，部分我已修正，望自行认真核对下。
删除线的部分就是不考的了。
arithmetic 算术，算法memory 存储器，内存Input 输入Output 输出Device 设备Bus 总线Hardware 硬件Microprocessor 微处理器Instruction 指令Program 程序Decode 解码，译码Register 记录，登记，注册；寄存器Loop 循环Execution 实行，完成，执行Integer 整数Statement语句Processor 处理器，处理机Binary 二进制的Random 随机的；随意，任意Cache 高速缓存Peripheral 外围设配Keyboard 键盘Mouse 鼠标Display 显示，显示器Printer 打印机Interface 界面，接口短语翻译Integrated circuit 集成Floating point 浮点数Hard disk drive 硬盘驱动器hard disk memory 闪存floppy disk 软盘Personal computer 个人计算机（简称PC）缩略语ALU (Arithmetic and Logic Unit) 算术逻辑单元；运算器CPU ( Central Processing Unit) 中央处理器RAM (Random Access Memory) 随机存取存储器ROM (Read-only Memory) 只读存储器BIOS (Basic Input Output System) 基本输入输出系统GUI (Graphic User Interface) 图形用户界面中英句子互译(9) 实际上，一个视窗管理器可以被看作是命令行操作系统的图形用户界面。
In fact,a window manager can be thought of as a GUI for CLIOS.(10)数据库管理系统处理用户对数据库的操作请求。
职高计算机英语知识点总结
职高计算机英语知识点总结1. Basic Computer Knowledge- Basic components of a computer: CPU, monitor, keyboard, mouse, motherboard, memory, hard drive, etc.- Computer hardware and software: Understand the difference between hardware and software, and their roles in a computer system.- Operating systems: Windows, Mac, Linux, etc. Understand the basics of these operating systems and how to use them.- Computer networks: Understand the basic concepts of computer networks, such as LAN, WAN, IP address, etc.- Computer security: Understand the importance of computer security and the basic measures to protect the computer from viruses, malware, and other security threats.2. Programming Languages- Basic understanding of programming languages such as Java, C, C++, Python, etc.- Syntax and semantics: Understand the syntax and semantics of programming languages, and how to write and debug code.- Object-oriented programming: Understand the basic concepts of object-oriented programming, such as classes, objects, inheritance, polymorphism, etc.3. Web Development- HTML/CSS: Understand the basics of HTML and CSS, and how to create and style web pages.- JavaScript: Understand the basics of JavaScript and how to add interactivity to web pages. - Responsive design: Understand the concept of responsive design and how to create websites that adapt to different devices and screen sizes.4. Database Management- Basic understanding of databases and data management.- SQL: Understand the basics of SQL and how to write queries to retrieve and manipulate data in a database.- Database design: Understand the basics of database design and how to create and maintain a database.5. Networking- Basic understanding of computer networks and network protocols.- TCP/IP: Understand the basics of TCP/IP and how data is transmitted over a network.- Network security: Understand the basics of network security and how to protect a network from unauthorized access.6. IT Support- Basic understanding of IT support and troubleshooting.- Hardware troubleshooting: Understand how to diagnose and fix hardware problems in a computer system.- Software troubleshooting: Understand how to diagnose and fix software problems in a computer system.7. Cybersecurity- Basic understanding of cybersecurity and the importance of protecting computer systems from security threats.- Common security threats: Understand common security threats such as malware, phishing, and social engineering.- Security measures: Understand the basic security measures to protect a computer system from security threats, such as using antivirus software, firewalls, and encryption.8. Software Development Lifecycle- Understand the software development lifecycle, including the phases of requirements analysis, design, development, testing, deployment, and maintenance.- Agile methodology: Understand the basics of the agile methodology and how it is used in software development projects.- Version control: Understand the basics of version control systems such as Git, and how to use them to manage and track changes in a software project.9. IT Project Management- Understand the basics of IT project management, including project planning, scheduling, budgeting, and risk management.- Project management tools: Understand common project management tools such as Gantt charts, PERT charts, and Kanban boards, and how to use them to manage IT projects.10. Cloud Computing- Understand the basics of cloud computing and the benefits of using cloud services.- Cloud storage: Understand the concept of cloud storage and how to use cloud storage services to store and manage data.- Cloud-based applications: Understand how to deploy and manage cloud-based applications and services.In conclusion, computer English knowledge is essential for students in vocational high schools who are studying computer science or related fields. The knowledge points mentioned above cover a wide range of topics, including basic computer knowledge, programming languages, web development, database management, networking, IT support, cybersecurity, software development lifecycle, IT project management, and cloud computing. It is important for students to have a solid understanding of these knowledge points in order to succeed in the field of computer science.。
计算机专业英语句子(汇编)
1. Bad file name or command. 错误的文件名或命令。
2. Abort, Retry, Ignore? 中止，重试或取消？3. Please read the following license agreement. 请认真阅读下列授权协议书。
4. It is recommended you exit all the other applications before continuing with this installation.建议安装前先关闭其他所有的应用程序。
5. Press OK to continue installation of this software. 请单击【OK】按钮继续安装。
6. Press F1 for Help. 按F1键请求帮助。
7. Restart your computer and finish setup. 重启你的计算机，完成安装。
8. Write protected disk in drive. 磁盘写保护。
9. Are you sure you want to continue [Y/N]? 确认继续吗？（是按Y／不是按N键）10. Not enough memory. 内存不足。
11. Set the front of your monitor to face the east if possible. 如果可能，请把您的显示器的面板朝东。
12. When cleaning the outside of your monitor and picture tube, use a damp cloth ora cloth with a recommended detergent, please. 要清洁显示器的外表和显像管，请用湿布或蘸有推荐洗涤剂的布。
13. Connect the power cord for your monitor to the power port on the back of the monitor. 把你的显示器的电源线连接到显示器背面的电源端口。
大学计算机英语
1.11、The computer is a nonthinking electronic device that has to be plugged into an electrical power source, just like a toaster or a lamp.计算机就是一种没有思想的需要接通电源的电子设备而已，与烤面包机和台灯差不多。
2、Literally hundreds of different types of computers are marketed by scores of manufacturers [1]. 不加夸张地讲，市场上有几百种不同类型的计算机在销售.3、The complexity of each type may vary considerably, but in the end each processor, sometimes called the central processing unit or CPU, has only two fundamental sections: the control unit and the arithmetic and logic unit.每种电脑在复杂性上可能有很大区别，但归根结底,每种处理器，有时称为中央处理器即cpu，只有两个基本部分:控制单元和计算逻辑单元.4、With no mechanical movement, data can be accessed from primary storage at electronic speeds, or close to the speed of light.由于没有机械运转的需要，主存种数据访问可以达到电子的速度，或接近于光速。
5、about one eighth the size of a postage stamp大约1/8张邮票大小6、The message is interpreted, and the processor initiates action to retrieve the appropriate program and data from secondary storage [3]这个查询被解释，处理器发起操作从辅助存储器中调用合适的程序和数据。
计算机专业英语
UNIT ONE Introduction to Computers470200203Text 1 The Computer System一． Vocabulary(词汇):device：装置cable：电缆instruction：指令terminal：终端hardware：硬件software：软件input：输入output：输出central processing unit(CPU)：中央处理器processor：处理器integrated circuits(IC)：集成电路printed circuit board：印刷电路板memory：存储器application program：应用程序programming language processor：计算机程序语言处理器operating system：操作系统resource：资源utilities(utility programs)：实用程序二． Important sentences(重点句):1．A computer system includes both hardware and software.2．A basic organization of a computer hardware system consists of an input device, an output device, memory and a Central Processing Unit (CPU). 3．Software products may be divided into four basic types: application programs, programming language processors, operating systems, and system utilities.4．Application programs allow you to perform such tasks as solving statistical problems, keeping your company's account books or playing a computer game.5．Programming language processors are programs that support the use of a computer language on a computer system.6．Operating systems are control programs that manage hardware and software resources and enable you to run application programs. 7．System utilities are special programs that enhance the usefulness and capabilities of a computer.三． Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1)硬件：hardware(2)软件：software(3)集成电路：integrated circuits(IC)(4)中央处理器：central processing unit(CPU)(5)应用软件：application software(6)应用程序：application program2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(1)、(2)、(3).3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)、(5)、(6)、(7)、(8)4．Multiple Choice:(1)、C(2)、B(3)、B(4)、BUNIT ONE Introduction to ComputersText 2 System Components of Computers一、 Vocabulary(词汇):component：部件，元件image：图形printer：打印机cabinet：机箱chip：芯片silicon：硅片main memory：主存储器secondary storage：辅助存储器diskette drive：软驱display screen (or monitor)：显示器二． Important sentences(重点句):1．A computer system consists of four basic components : the Central Processing Unit(CPU), memory, input device and output device.三． Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1)计算机系统：computer system(2)主存储器：main memory(3)辅助存储器：secondary storage(4)键盘：keyboard(5)显示器：display screen (or monitor)(6)数据：data2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(1)、(2)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(2)、(3)、(4)4．True or False:(1)、F(3)、F(4)、T(5)、FUNIT ONE Introduction to ComputersText 3 The Evolution of Computers一、 Vocabulary(词汇):vacuum tube ：真空管silicon chip ：硅片large-scale ：大规模的integration ：集成chip circuitry ：芯片电路package ：封装auxiliary storage (=external storage or secondary storage) ：辅助存储器data ：数据magnetic disk ：磁盘memory capacity(=storage capacity) ：存储器容量microprocessor ：微处理器multiprogramming ：多道程序设计二、Important sentences(重点句):1． Modern electronic computers didn't appear until the 1940's. Research workers in America produced a working computer in 1946.2． The first-generation of computers were used from 1946 to 1959.They were characterized by the most prominent feature of the ENIAC-vacuum tubes, and were large, costly, expensive to power and often unreliable.3． The second-generation of computers spanned the years from 1959 through to 1964. The most notable change was that transistors replaced vacuum tubes.4． In addition, the second-generation computers were given auxiliary storage, sometimes called external or secondary storage.5． Third generation computers lasted from 1964 to 1971. Thethird-generation is marked chiefly by the development of integrated circuits, which replaced transistors.6． From 1971 to the present, we have fourth-generation computers.三、Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 电子管：vacuum tube(2) 晶体管：transistor(3) 磁带机：magnetic tape machine(4) 磁盘机：magnetic disk machine(5) 微处理器：microprocessor(6) 大规模集成电路：Large-scale integration circuits2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(1)、 (8)、(9)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(2)、(3)、 (5)、(8)4．Mutiple Choice:(1)、B(2)、C(3)、B、D(4)、BUNIT ONE Introduction to ComputersText 4 Microcomputer Architecture一． Vocabulary(词汇):keyboard ：键盘printer ：打印机plotter ：绘图仪diskette ：软盘execute ：执行screen ：显示屏medium (pl. media) ：媒体，介质system ：系统motherboard ：母板，主板drive ：驱动器memory board ：内存板slot ：插槽bus ：总线bit ：位interface ：接口hard disk ：硬盘二． Important sentences(重点句):1．Most systems are constructed around a motherboard, which is a metal frameword containing a series of slots that are linked through a bus to an 8- or 16-bit processor.2．CPU: It is used to carry out a variety of essential data manipulation and controlling tasks in the heart of the computer.3．Main memory : It contains the programs the CPU is currently executing and the data these programs are operating on.4．Mass storage devices: The hard disk, floppy disk and magnetic tape drives are called mass storage devices, which hold data for long-term storage.5．Input/Output devices: The keyboard, CRT display (monitor), printer and XY-plotter are referred to as input/output devices.三． Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 微型计算机：microcomputer(2) 母板：motherboard(3) 插槽：slot(4) 接口：interface(5) 硬盘驱动器：hard disk drive(6) 软盘驱动器：floppy disk drive2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(1)、(2)、(3)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(1)、 (3)、(4)、 (6)、 (8)4．Multiple Choice:(1)、Looking from outside, a microcomputer consists of a case, a keyboard,a monitor and a printer.(2)、To boot up a computer , you can either do a warm boot or a cold boot.(3)、The computer can use the binary number system to represent any character. By far, ASCII developed in USA, is the most widely used code.(4)、The main memory in a computer consists of RAM and ROM.(5)、A microcomputer has at least 640 kbytes of memory. 1 kbyte consists of 1024 bytes.UNIT ONE Introduction to ComputersText 5 Computer Viruses一、 Vocabulary(词汇):format ：格式化shell ：壳，外壳modify ：修改insert ：插入，嵌入extension ：扩展名version ：版本computer virus ：计算机病毒sector ：扇区intrusive virus ：入侵病毒RAM (Random Access Memory) ：随机存储器RAM-resident program ：内存驻留程序operating system virus ：操作系统病毒boot up ：引导shell virus ：外壳病毒source code virus ：源码病毒device driver ：设备驱动程序source program ：源程序host program ：主程序compile ：编译worm virus ：蠕虫病毒macro virus ：宏病毒二． Important sentences(重点句):1．Computer viruses are small programs designed to replicate (make exact copies of themselves) and spread, sometimes without giving any sign that they exist.2．Computer viruses can be classified by how they infect a system. There are four main types of viruses : shell , intrusive, operating system, and source code.3．Shell viruses wrap themselves around a host program and do not modify the original program code.4．Intrusive viruses invade an existing program and actually insert a portion of their code into the host program.5．Operating system viruses work by replacing parts of the operating system with their own logic.6．Source code viruses are intrusive programs that are inserted into a source program such as those written in Pascal prior to the program being compiled.三． Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 病毒：virus(2) 恶性病毒：malicious virus(3) 外壳病毒：shell virus(4) 源代码：source code(5) 设备驱动程序：device driver(6) 传播：spread2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(2)、(5)、(8)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(2)、(5)4．Multiple Choice :(1)、 A、C (注：现在的杀毒软件一般都具备病毒防火墙的功能)(2)、 C5．True or False:(1)、F(2)、F (注：如1999年4月26日爆发的CIH病毒就会烧毁主板或是硬盘) UNIT ONE Introduction to ComputersText 6 Multimedia Technology一、 Vocabulary(词汇):animation ：动画，动画片video ：视频audio ：声频compact disk ：光盘mouse ：鼠标器sound board ：声卡mixer ：混声器throughput ：吞吐率multimedia ：多媒体graphics ：图形optical storage ：光存储image processing ：图像处理CD-ROM drive ：光盘驱动器MPC (multimedia personal computer) ：多媒体个人电脑parallel ：并行serial ：串行joystick port ：游戏操纵杆控制端口VGA (Video Graphics Array) ：视频图形阵列(显示卡)resolution ：分辨率二、Important sentences(重点句):1． Multimedia, which typically refers to a synthesis of graphics,animation, optical storage, image processing, and sound, is not a single technology, product, or market.2． MPC stands for "multimedia personal computer".3． The requirements for an MPC are described in detail in Microsoft's Multimedia PC Specification Version 1.0.三、Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 多媒体：multimedia(2) 图形：graphics(3) 视频：video(4) 图像处理：image processing(5) 动画：animation(6) 光盘：compact disk3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(1)、(3)、(4)、(7)、(8)4．Answer the following questions briefly:(2)、OA(4)、A byte consist of 8 bits.(5)、In 1946, the first computer in the world ENIAC was developed. UNIT ONE Introduction to ComputersText 7 Compact Disk - Read Only Memory (CD-ROM)一． Vocabulary(词汇):digital ：数字的access ：存取laser ：激光reserve ：重新写入compact disk ：密集盘optical disk ：(=compact disk)光盘video player ：影像光盘机programmed search ：程序搜索memory facility ：记忆功能telephone directory ：电话簿postal address ：邮政地址二． Important sentences(重点句):1．New programs and data are 'burnt' onto the disc surface by a powerful laser.2．To read the information, a weaker laser is passed over the surface andthe reflected distortion from the dips forms the data which can be used for 'playback'.3．There are two types (standards) of optical disks :CD-I and CD-ROM.三． Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 激光：laser(2) 英寸：inch(3) 只读存储器：ROM (Read Only Memory)(4) 搜索：search(5) 记忆：memory(6) 存取：access2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)、(5)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(1)、(3)、(4)、(5)、(8)4．Answer the following questions briefly::(1)、What devices are usually used as secondary memory?Answer: hard disk, floppy disk, optical disk, magnetic tape(2)、What three categories do computer languages generally fall into? Answer: machine languages, assembly languages and high-level languages.(3)、What is the acronym for a double density diskette?Answer: DD(4)、How many bytes does a 'word' in the computer consist of ? Answer: 1,2,4 or more bytes.UNIT TWO Hardware and ConfigurationText 1 The Central Processing Unit(CPU)一、Vocabulary(词汇):manufacturer ：制造商performance ：性能megahertz(MHz) ：兆赫nanoseconds (ns) ：纳秒overclocking ：超频warranty ：保修upgrade ：升级configuration ：配置，设置microcomputer ：微型计算机arithmetic and logic unit (ALU) ：算术/逻辑部件(运算器)instruction counter ：指令计数器decoder ：译码器super-mini-computers ：超级小型机numerically coded instruction ：数字化编码的指令high-speed storage ：高速存储器primary storage ：(=main memory) 主存储器microprocessor-CPU based systems ：以微处理器为CPU的基本系统video-arcade game ：电子游戏digital TV ：数字电视二． Important sentences(重点句):1．The operations of a computer system are controlled by the CPU, which contains an arithmetic and logic unit (ALU), an instruction counter and a decoder.2．The speed at which the CPU operates is called the clock speed and is measured in megahertz(MHz).3．A clock cycle is the time that the CPU takes to perform instructions at a given clock speed.4．The CPU can operate at two different clock speeds : an internal speed for operations within the CPU, and an external speed for transferring data into and out of the CPU.5．Overclocking is a term generally used to describe how you have increased the clock frequency on your board to run your system at a higher speed. 6．Microprocessors have come a long way since 1971 when the first microprocessor, the Intel 4004, was developed.三． Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 电子元件：electronic component(2) 算术逻辑单元：arithmetic and logic unit (ALU)(3) 硅片：silicon chip(4) 指令计数器：instruction counter(5) 时钟速度：clock speed(6) 译码器：decoder2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(1)、(3) 、(4)、(8)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(4)、(5) 、(6)、(7)4．Answer the following questions briefly:(2) To which generation do the present-day computers belong? Answer: The fourth generation.UNIT TWO Hardware and ConfigurationText 2 Memory一、Vocabulary(词汇):account ：银行户头generate ：产生，建立subscriber ：订户word ：字overwrite ：覆盖二、Important sentences(重点句):1． The microcomputer's memory consists of main memory and secondary storage.2． The main memory of most computers is composed of random access memory (RAM) .3． Main memory on the computer is used to store instructions and data temporarily while the instructions are being executed and data are being processed.三、Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 随机存储器：Random Access Memory (RAM)(2) 只读存储器：Read Only Memory (ROM)(3) 主存储器：main memory(4) 辅助存储器：secondary storage(5) 标签：label(6) 指令：instruction2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(1)、(3)、(4)、(9)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(1)、(4)、(7)4．Multiple Choice:(1)、 B(2)、 B(3)、 B(4)、 AUNIT TWO Hardware and ConfigurationText 3 The System Buses一、Vocabulary(词汇):origin ：起点destination ：终点address ：寻址byte ：字节nibble ：半字节address-bus ：地址总线register ：寄存器control-bus ：控制总线ISA (Industry Standard Architecture) ：工业标准结构EISA (Extended Industry Standard Architecture) ：扩展工业标准结构MCA (Micro Channel Architecture) ：微通道结构expansion bus ：扩展总线adapter ：适配器peripheral ：外部设备faxmodem (or modem) ：调制解调器graphics adapter ：图形适配器NIC (Network Interface Card) ：网络接口卡SCSI (Small Computer System Interface) ：小型计算机系统接口data bus ：数据总线data width ：数据宽度external speed ：外部速度VESA (Video Electronic Standards Association) ：视频电子标准协会PCI (Peripheral Component Interconnect) ：外围部件互连USB (Universal Serial Bus) ：通用串行总线二． Important sentences(重点句):1．The data bus transmits data between these units.2．The address bus is used to select the origin or destination of signals transmitted through one of the other buses.3．Traditionally, a standard address bus has 16 lines, that is to say, it can address 64 KB devices (1 KB =1024 in computer jargon ). 4．The control-bus is used for the synchronization of the system. 5．Memory is logically organized into words6．8 bits are called a byte, 4 bits a nibble; there is no other specific word for other sizes of words.三． Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) data bus(2) address-bus(3) control-bus(4) transmit data(5) register(6) address unit2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(1)、(8)、(9)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(2)、(3)、(4)4．Put in the missing words:(1)、A computer has two kinds of memory, called main memory and secondary memory.(2)、The most common microcomputer secondary storage medium is floppy disk and hard disk.(3)、In the computer, a byte consists of eight bits, representing 256 unique binary numbers.UNIT TWO Hardware and ConfigurationText 5 Floppy Disks一、Vocabulary(词汇):mainframe computer ：主机double density ：倍密度high density ：高密度extended-density ：扩展密度track density ：磁道密度read/write head ：读/写头read/write slot ：读/写槽口二． Important sentences(重点句):1．In 1972, IBM introduced flexible diskettes as a medium for loading programs into mainframe computers. Because the disks were so flexible, they were nicknamed floppy disk.2．Floppy disks , also called diskettes, are available in two size : 3.5 and 5.25 inches.3．Lower-capacity disk drives cannot read from and write to high-capacity disks.4．Floppy disk drivers are commonly referred to as the A drive and the B drive.三． Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) floppy disk drive(2) medium(3) density(4) track(5) kilobyte(6) read/write head2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(1)、(3) 、(4)、(9)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(2)、(6)、(8)UNIT TWO Hardware and ConfigurationText 6 Hard Disks一、 Vocabulary(词汇):gigabyte ：千兆字节，吉字节actuation arm ：存取臂access arm ：存取臂magnetic oxide material ：磁氧化材料cylinder ：柱面head ：磁头cylinder approach ：柱面操作方式二、Important sentences(重点句):1． Hard disks store data on rigid aluminum or ceramic platters, coated with a magnetic oxide material.2． Cylinders are concentric regions on the hard disk platter with cylinder 0 usually located at the outer edge.3． Cylinder numbers start at zero, so if your hard disk has 900 cylinders, they will be numbered from 0 - 899.4． The heads of a hard disk are used to read and write data.5． Head numbers start at zero, so if your drive has 9 heads, they will be numbered from 0 - 8.6． A sector is the smallest physically addressable unit of storage on a hard disk.7． Sector numbers start at one , so if your drive has 17 sectors on a track, they will be numbered from 1 to 17.三、Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 柱面：cylinder(2) 存取：access(3) 扇区：sector(4) 硬盘：hard disk(5) 千兆字节：gigabyte(6) 兆字节：megabyte2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(1)、(4)、(8)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(4)、(6) 、 (7)、(8)4．True/False?(1)、Formatting erases all data on the disk.Answer: True(2)、A 360 KB floppy disk can store approximately 360,000 binary-coded Chinese characters.Answer: False(3)、A write-protected floppy disk cannot possibly carry a virus. Answer: False(4)、A floppy disk is an essential peripheral device; without which a computer cannot operate.Answer: FalseUNIT TWO Hardware and ConfigurationText 10 The Keyboard一、Vocabulary(词汇):keypad ：(数字键盘上的)小键punctuation ：标点符号character key ：字母键function key ：功能键numeric key ：数字键upper-case character ：大写字母lower-case character ：小写字母configure ：配置code sequence ：代码序列default code ：缺省代码auxiliary port ：辅助端口(AUX端口)carriage return ：回车linefeed ：换行space character ：空格ASCII ：American Standard Code for Information Interchange 美国信息互换标准代码二． Important sentences(重点句):1．A computer keyboard is so responsive that you can type using a light touch.2．The keys on the keyboard can be divided into three functional groups, known as the Character Keys, Function Keys, and Numeric Keys (on the keypad).3．The Function Keys are used to modify the operation of the terminal. 4．The Numeric Key Pad allows numbers to be entered in the same way you would use a calculator.三． Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 键盘：keyboard(2) 大写字母：upper-case character(3) 功能键：function key(4) 打字机：typewriter(5) 回车：carriage return(6) 速率：speed2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(3)、(4)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(1)、(2)、(3)、(4)4．Put in the missing words:(1)、Using DOS commands, you can type English letters either in( upper-case or lower-case). They will have the same effect either way.(2)、In a 24*24 dot matrix display , ( 72 ) bytes are used to represent the image of a Chinese character.(3)、The hexadecimal equivalent of decimal 53 is ( 35 ).UNIT TWO Hardware and ConfigurationText 11 Color Monitors一、Vocabulary(词汇):convergence ：聚集cabinet ：机壳outlet ：电源插座contrast ：对比度display tube ：显像管vertical/horizontal synchronization ：场/行同步output level ：输出电平analog ：模拟量video analog ：视频模拟TTL (transistor-transistor logic) ：晶体管－晶体管逻辑（电路）AC (alternating current) ：交流电max. (maximum) ：最大值min. (minimum) ：最小值female connector ：连接插座scanning frequency ：扫描频率H(Horizontal)-Phase ：行相位vertical-size ：场幅补充词汇：CRT(Cathode-Ray Tube) display ：阴级射线管显示器LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) ：液晶显示器plasma display ：等离子显示器二． Important sentences(重点句):1．The display area can be moved left or right (horizontally) by rotating the H-phase Control knob.2．The display can be moved up or down (vertically) by rotating the V-size Control knob三． Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 显示器：display /monitor(2) 显像管：display tube(3) 输出电平：output level(4) 扫描频率：scanning frequency(5) 场同步：vertical synchronization(6) 聚集：convergence2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(2)、(3) 、(10)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(2)、(5)、(6)UNIT TWO Hardware and ConfigurationText 12 Printers一、 Vocabulary(词汇):humidity ：湿度parallel ：并行的compatible ：兼容机bubble jet printer ：喷墨打印机magnetic field ：磁场parallel interface ：并行接口interface cable ：接口电缆补充词汇：stylus printer ：针式打印机ink jet printer ：喷墨打印机laser printer ：激光打印机二、Important sentences(重点句):1． Most microcomputer printers print one character at a time, usually at rates ranging from approximately 30 to 180 characters per second. 2． A more reasonable approach is to use a line printer which, as the name implies, prints an entire line at one time instead of character by character.3． Even greater speed can be obtained by using a page printer to churn out complete pages at one time.三、Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 行式打印机：line printer(2) 喷墨打印机：bubble jet printer/ ink jet printer(3) 并行接口：parallel interface(4) 工作环境：operating environment(5) 磁场：magnetic field(6) 接口电缆：interface cable2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(1)、(3)、(4)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(1)、(3)、(4)、(5)、(8)UNIT THREE Operating SystemsText 1 The Computer Operating System一、Vocabulary(词汇):time scale ：时段abstraction ：抽象program module ：程序模块operational software (= operating system software) ：操作系统软件logical gate ：逻辑门hierarchy ：多层次等级制listener program ：收听器程序disk head (= head or read/write head ) 读/写头二． Important sentences(重点句):1．The operating system is a collection of program modules that control and manage the system's hardware as well as its software resources, thus enabling you to run application programs on it.2．Operating systems are normally unique to their manufacturers and the hardware in which they are run.3．An operating system spans the entire range of complexity found in a computer system.4．The basic idea is to create a hierarchy of levels of abstraction so that at any level, the operating system module can ignore the details of what is going on at all lower levels.补充内容：主要操作系统软件制造商及其产品：（1） Microsoft Corporation (微软公司) : MS-DOS, Windows 3.2,Windows 9X 系列(Windows 95, Windows 97, Windows98, Windows 98 SE(Second Edition), Windows 98 ME(Millennium Edition))，Windows NT, Windows 2000, Windows XP 等（2） Unix操作系统：IBM (International Business Machines Corporation 国际商用机器公司): PC DOS, z/OS, AIX, OS/400, VM/ESA等SUN ( Standford University Network ) Microsystems (SUN 微系统公司) :Solaris（3） Apple Computer, Inc.（苹果公司）：Mac OS（4） Novell, Inc (Novell公司)：Netware系列（5） Linux操作系统(自由软件)：Red Hat, Inc.（红帽子公司）：Red Hat LinuxRedflag Software Co.,Ltd.（北京中科红旗软件技术有限公司）：红旗Linux Xteam Software (China) Co. Ltd.( Xteam(中国)软件技术有限公司)：XteamLinux中文版.三． Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 操作系统：operating system(2) 应用软件：application software(3) 程序模块：program module(4) 策略：strategy(5) 软件资源：software resource(6) 隔绝：insulate2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(4)、(6)、(10)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(1)、 (3)、(4)、 (5)、(6)4．Answer the following questions briefly:(3)、What is the basic unit for measuring the storage capacity of a computer system?Answer: ByteUNIT THREE Operating SystemsText 2 Disk Operating System - MS-DOS一、Vocabulary(词汇):nucleus ：核心interface ：联系，接口acronym ：首字词command processor ：命令处理程序routine ：例行程序hardware-independent ：不依赖于硬件的device-dependent ：依赖于设备的programming code ：程序代码programming logic ：编程逻辑conventional memory ：常规内存transient module ：过渡模块二． Important sentences(重点句):1．The nucleus of microcomputer is its Operating System.2．The Operating System monitors and controls all input/output and processing activities within a computer system.3．DOS is an acronym for Disk Operating System.4．The best known Disk Operating System is MS-DOS, developed by Microsoft Corporation for the IBM-PC and compatible machines.三． Exercises(练习及参考答案):1．Translate the following words and expressions into English.(1) 核心：nucleus(2) 实用程序：utility program(3) 监督：monitor(4) 微软公司：Microsoft Corporation(5) 控制：control(6) 任选项：any option2．Translate the following screen messages into Chinese.(1)、(2) 、(7)3．Translate the following Windows 95 and DOS7.0 screen messages into Chinese:(1)、(3)、(6)4．Multiple Choice:(1)、__________ controls and manages the system's hardware and software resources, thus enabling a user to use his computer conveniently and efficiently.A． Application softwareB． Operating system softwareC． A text editing or word processing programD． Translator softwareAnswer: BUNIT THREE Operating SystemsText 9 Windows Modes and Basic Elements一、 Vocabulary(词汇):multitasking ：执行多任务的Graphical User Interface (GUI) ：用户图形接口icon ：图标scroll bar ：滚动棒dialog box ：对话框multimedia extension ：多媒体扩展protected mode ：保护模式real mode ：实模式enhanced mode ：增强模式program manager ：程序管理器modem ：调制解调器file manager ：文件管理器补充：resource manager ：资源管理器二、Important sentences(重点句):1． Microsoft Windows is a descendant of MS－DOS and an extension to MS-DOS developed by Microsoft.2． Windows provides a graphical user interface and standard methods for switching among applications, file and program management, windowing, icons, pull-down menus, scroll-bars and dialog boxes ( temporary windows) . 3． Windows is a multitasking operating system and has several advantages over MS-DOS.4． Microcomputers that use the Intel family of CPUS can run in two modes: protected mode and real mode.5． Windows runs in protected mode, but you can also choose to run it in two other modes: 386 enhanced mode and standard mode.6． When working in Windows, your main work area is the desktop.7． File Manager is a tool you can use to organize the files and directories in your computer.8． In File Manager, your files and directories are displayed in a directory window which is split into two parts : the left half displays the directory tree, and the right half displays the contents of the current directory.。
计算机英语的常用句子
计算机英语的常用句子小编今天就跟大家分享一下关于计算机的英语吧，这些都是关于计算机的英语句子哦，大家快点记忆一下吧。
1.Those parts of MS-DOS that remain on disk until needed are known as external commands; those parts that reside in memory are internal commands.MS-DOS中被调用前保存在磁盘中的部分被称为外部命令，驻留在内存的中的部分被称为内部命令。
2.Although some are external and others are internal, all MS-DOS commands are used the same way.虽然MS-DOS命令有些是外部的，有些是内部的，但它们的使用方式相同。
3.If MS-DOS is on your hard disk, you'll notice the external commands mostly because the light on your hard disk comes on when MS-DOS goes to the disk to find them.如果MS-DOS装在硬盘上，运行外部命令时，你可能会注意到，当MS-DOS去磁盘中寻找相应文件时会使硬盘灯亮。
4.An MS-DOS filename can be made up of two parts separated by a period(.), the first part the filename proper, and the second part the extension.一个MS-DOS文件名可由用句点(.)分开的两部分组成，第一部分文件名本身，第二部分叫做扩展名。
5.The filename proper can have up to eight characters and the extension is optional and can ave up to three characters.文件名本身最多可包括8个字符，扩展名是可有可无的，最多3个字符。
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计算机是一种在存储程序的控制之下，接收数据，并把其处理成信息的机器。
Process control : the field of process control covers a wide rang of computer and automated systems , usually in manufacturing or production .
表的每一行都是由一个唯一的主键标识的。主键由一列或多列构成。这意味表里不会有重复的行。
UNIX is considered a powerful operating system .
UNIX 操作系统被认为是以一种功能强大的操作系统。
Human languages are known as natural languages .
CD-ROM drives are slow compared to hard disks 。
CD-ROM 驱动器相比硬盘而言速度更慢。
1.sensor 传感器 2. Central Processing Unit
3.bus 总线 lisecond 毫秒
5.date transfer rate 数据传输率
人类的语言一般称为自然语言。
The binary numbering system is the starting point for representing information。
二进制数值系统是信息表示的开始。
Computer architecture is the discipline of designing computer system 。
A bus is a collection of wires through which data is transmitted from one part of a computer to another .
总线是将数据从计算机的一个部件传送到另一个部件的电线集合。
The term architecture can refer to either hardware or software ,or to a combination of hardware and software .
计算机体系结构是指设计计算机系统的准则。
The architecture of a system always defines its broad outlines ，and may define precise mechanism as well 。
一个计算机系统的体系结构总是能决定它的大致轮廓，并且还可能决定它的细致架构。
The basic input device on most small computer system is key board 。
大多数小的计算机系统中的基本输入设备是键 。
Another term for display screen is monitor 。
显示屏的另一个名称是监视器或显示器。
One disadvantage of external storage is that the time finding a particular piece of information on the external storage is longer than memory‘s
外部存储器有一个缺点，就是找到存储在其上某块信息的时间比主存长。
打印机是一种能在纸上打印文本或图表的设备。
Optical scanner do not distinguish text from illustrations 。
光学扫描仪不能区分文本和图形。
External storage is sometimes called auxiliary storage 。
体系结构这个词既可指硬件又可指软件，或指硬件及软件的结合。
Each row of a table is uniquely identified by a primary key composed of one or more columns .this implies that a table may not contain duplicate rows.
过程控制领域覆盖了范围很广的计算机和自动化系统，这些系统通常属于生产制造厂。
Workstation is a more powerful , single-user computer. A workstation likes a personal computer .
工作站是一种性能更强的计算机，两者很像。
The pictures that we see on the screen are made up of dots，also called pixels 。
我们在屏幕上看到的图像是由称为像素的点构成的。
Printer is a kind of device that prints text or illustrations on paper 。
Larger landscape monitors can play two full page ，side by side 。
大型的显示器可以并排显示两个完整的页面。
Another impots screen size 。
显示器或监视器的另一个重要的方面是它屏幕的大小。
外部存储器有的也被称为辅助存储器。
Auxiliary storage units are used to store instructions and date when they are not being used in main memory of the computer 。
指令和数据在计算机的内存中一时用不到的话，就要用辅助存储单元来对它们进行保存。