U5单词

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人教版英语八上U5词汇讲解

八上Unit 51. sitcom (= situation comedy) n. 情景喜剧（可数）(1) situation n. 情况；形势（可数）find sb. in a … situation 发现某人处于一个…的情况中辨析：situation和conditioncondition n. 条件；状况(2) comedy n. 喜剧，喜剧片（可数）复数：comedies2. news n. 新闻节目；新闻（不可数）(1) 短语：a piece of news 一则新闻(2) 扩展：newspaper n. 报纸（可数）3. soap opera 肥皂剧（可数）(1) soap n. 肥皂（可数） a bar of soap 一条/块肥皂(2) opera n. 歌剧；戏剧（可数）Peking Opera 京剧4. action movie 动作影片（可数）(1) action n. 行动（不可数）take action 采取行动词性转换：act v. 扮演；行动；行为n. 表演者act as 担任，担当actor n. 演员actress n. 女演员active adj. 活跃的，积极的take an active part in 积极参加actively adv. 活跃地，积极地activity n. 活动（复数：activities）相同变形规则的单词：create v. 创造creator n. 创造者creative adj. 创造性的；有创造力的creatively adv. 创造性地；有创造力地creativity n. 创造力；独创性(2) movie n. 电影（可数）短语：see/ go to a movie 看电影movie theater 电影院5. cartoon n. 动画片；卡通片（可数）(1) 短语：cartoon character 动画片人物(2) 辨析：cartoon和cottoncotton n. 棉花6. film n. 电影；胶卷（可数）（= movie）(1) 短语：see/watch a film 看电影film festival 电影节7. mind （U2已讲）(1) v. 介意；对（某事）烦恼用法：mind + n./v.-ing/从句句型：Would you mind (sb.) doing sth.? 你介意（某人）做某事吗？(2) n. 头脑；心智（不可数）短语：mind map 思维导图change one’s mind 改变主意open one’s mind 开拓思维open-minded 思维开阔的ke ep…in mind 牢记in one’s mind 在某人看来mind one’s own business 少管闲事never mind 别在意，没关系（安慰别人或别人致歉时）make up one’s mind to do sth. 决定做某事8. stand(1) v. 忍受（stand-stood-stood）用法：stand + n./v.-ing 忍受做某事（常用于否定句、疑问句，强调不喜欢）(2) v. 站立短语：stand up 起立stand for 代表= meanstand out 突出（outstanding adj. 杰出的）stand by 做好准备；袖手旁观stand still 站着不动9. educational adj. 教育的；有教育意义的(1) an education + n.比较级：more educational 最高级：most educational(2) educationally adv. 教育上地(3) 词性转换：educate v. 教育educate sb. to do sth. 教育某人做某事education n. 教育educated adj. 受过教育的；有教养的educator n. 教育家；教育工作者；教师educationist n. 教育家；教育理论家(4) 名词+al构成adj.nature—natural person—personal education—educational tradition—traditional nation—nationalcenter—centralenvironment—environmentalaccident—accidentalmusic—musicalclassic—classicalculture—culturalprofession—professional10. plan n./v. 计划；打算(1) 过去式：planned 现在分词：planning(2) 用法：plan + to do = mean to do = be going to do = be about to do = intend to do 打算做某事plan for sth. 为…制定计划make a plan to do = plan to domake a daily/weekly/monthly/yearly plan11. hope n./v. 希望(1) 用法：hope to dohope for sth.hope that + 句子hope 与wish、expect的辨析：hope后面不能加sb.,wish和expect可以加；hope表示容易实现的愿望，wish表示不容易实现的愿望。

U5单词

above all 首先；最重要的是；特别是；尤其
above all＝most important of all(强调地位上的重要性)
first of all “首先，第一”，强调顺序 at all 根本，全然 in all 总共，共计 after all 终究，毕竟 all in all 总之
above all 1)He longs ________________ to see his family again.
I am familiar with the smell of the baking bread；that is to say, the smell of the baking bread is familiar to me.
总结：表示主语“熟悉某人/某物，为 be familiar with sb./sth. ______________________表示主语“为某人所熟悉”, be familiar to sb. 为_______________________
acted 2). He ______ Deng Xiaoping with deep feeling. perform a task/ perform one’s duty/
perform the piano/perform skillfully on the flute
form
vt. & vi. 形成；组织；养成；培养 form(＝set up) a club 成立俱乐部 form a good habit /an organization 养成好习惯 /成立一个组织
break up
分解；驱散，拆散；打碎；结束；散会；(关系)破裂；停课，放假
(1)The ice will break up when the warm weather comes.

人教版英语八年级下册U5单词及重点归纳

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人教版英语八年级下册 U5 单词及重点归纳
unit5 单词（音标）
rainstorm [ ? re ? nst ? :m] n. 暴风雨
alarm [ ? ? l ɑ:m] n. 闹钟
go off ( 闹钟 ) 发出响声
begin [b ? ? g? n] v. 开始
heavily [ ? hev ? li] adv. 在很大程度上，大量地
历史上的重大事件
23.for example 例如
24.be killed 被杀害
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人教版英语八年级下册 U5 单词及重点归纳
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25. over 50 50
多( 岁）
26. a school pupil
一个小学生
27. on the radio
通过广播
28.in silence 沉默 ; 无声
29.more recently 最近地 ; 新近
shocked [ ? ? kt] adj. 震惊的，震撼的
silence [ ? sa? l ? ns] n. 寂静，沉默
in silence 沉默，无声
recently [ ? ri:sntli] adv.
不久前，近来，最近
take down 拆除，往下拽，记录
terrorist [ ? ter ? r ? st] n. 恐怖分子
30.the World Trade Center
世贸中心
31.take down 拆除 ; 摧毁
32.have meaning to 对……有意义
33.remember doing sth. 记得做过某事
34.at first
首先 ; 最初
【重点句型】

八上U5单词及短语

Unit5单词、短语及重点句型过关卷Name _______ Class______ 单词1、n.情景喜剧2、n.新闻；消息3、n.肥皂剧4、adj.教育的；有教育意义的5、n.计划；方法v.打算；计划6、.希望；期望；盼望n.希望7、n.讨论；谈论8、v.站立；忍受9、vi.发生；碰巧；出现；偶遇10、aux.可以，能够；可能，也许11、v.预期；期待；盼望12、n.笑话；玩笑v.说笑话；开玩笑13、n.喜剧；滑稽；幽默事件14、查明、弄清15、adj.无意义的；不重要的16、n.行为；活动17、n.卡通；漫画18、n.栽培；文化；教养19、adj.著名的；有名的20、vi.出现；显得21、v.变成；成为22、adj.富有的；富饶的；丰富的23、adj.成功的；圆满的24、aux.可能；也许；may的过去式25、adj.主要的；最重要的26、n.原因；理由27、n.电影28、adj.倒霉的；不幸的；不吉利的29、t.丢失；失败vi.失败30、.准备好的；乐意的31、性；品质；人物；32、j.简单的；朴素的；单纯的；笨的33、陆军；34、动作片35、准备好做某事愿意做某事36、乔装打扮37、替换38、干得好；做得好短语1.谈话节目2.游戏节目3.肥皂剧4.发生5.看电影6.一双；一对7.尽某人最大努力8. 与……一样有名9.就……讨论10.有一天11.例如12.打扮；梳理13. 代替；替换14. 干得好15.令人愉快的东西16.有趣的资料17.之一18.看起来像19.全世界20.的象征21.让某人做某事22.计划/打算做某事23.希望做某事24.碰巧做某事25.盼望做某事26.做……怎么样？27.乐于做某事28. 尽力做某事动词不定式做宾语29.认为30.从……获得；向……学习31.查明；弄清楚重点句子过关1．有些人可能会问这个卡通动物怎样变得如此受欢迎了呢。

______________________________________ 2．Mickey象一个普通人，但是他总是努力面对任何危险。

人教版英语书选修四U5单词表电子版

人教版英语书选修四U5单词表电子版 institute n. 学会;学院;协会china welfare institute 中国福利基金会specialist n. 专家;专业工作者specialize vi. 专攻;专门从事;专注于chimp n. (非洲)黑猩猩connection n. 连接;关系human being 人类campaign n. 运动;战役 vi. 作战;参加运动landmine n. 地雷organization n. 组织;机构;团体gombe national park 贡贝国家公园 (坐落于坦桑尼亚)behave vt. & vi. 举动;(举止或行为)表现behaviour (=behavior) 犯罪行为;谈吐;习性shade n. 荫;阴凉处 vt. 遮住光线move off 返回;起程;启程worthwhile adj. 值得的;值得做的nest n. 巢;沟bond n. 联系;关系;结合;纽带observe vt. 观测;观测;严格遵守observation n. 观察;观测childhood n. 童年;幼年时代outspoken adj. 直言的;坦诚respect vt. & n. 敬重;认同;谢意argue vt. & vi. 讨论;辩论;争论argument n. 争议;争论;争执achievement n. 成就;功绩joan of arc 圣女贞德 (法国民族女英雄)elizabeth fry 伊丽莎白•弗赖伊 (英国慈善家) quaker n. 教友派遣信徒;贵格可以会员welfare n. 福利;福利事业project n. 项目;工程;规划entertainment n. 款待;娱乐;娱乐表演lead a … life 过着……的生活crowd n. 人群;观众 vt. 挤满;使拥挤look down upon/on 侮辱;看不起refer vi. 谈到;查阅;参考refer to 查询;参照;谈及audience n. 观众;听众;读者by chance 碰巧;不巧come across (偶然)遇见;碰见career n. 事业;生涯rate n. 比率;速度sickness n. 疾病;恶心intend vt. 计划;打算emergency n. 突发事件;紧急情况generation n. 一代;一辈determination n. 决意;果断kindness n. 仁慈;好意considerate adj. 考虑周到的consideration n. 考虑;体谅deliver vt. 邮寄;生(小孩儿);看病; 刊登(演讲等) carry on 继续;坚持modest adj. 谦逊的;恭敬的;适当的apply to 应用到……be prepared to 已经搞好准备工作回去搞……prepare to do 准备要做……wake up醒过来wander off 漫步most of the time 大部分时间either…or… 或……或……each other 互相spend…(in)doing sth 花费时间做某事be determined to do 同意搞……argue for 为……辩护argue with 与……争议/争论argue against 争辩……set up (具体内容)设置;加装/(抽象化)创建reach a doctor 找到医生must have done 一定就是;想必就是get a training 得到训练as well as ……也second to 次于get sb. into并使某人步入/陷于story after story 一个故事接着一个day after day 一天又一天deliver a baby 给……接生mean doing 意味著mean to do 打算做……settle down 安顿下来crop n. 庄稼;农作物;产量be satisfied with 对……深感令人满意freedom n. 自由;自主export vt. & vi. 输入;出口occupation n. 工作;职业;占领disturbing adj. 引发苦恼的;令人不安的expand vt. & vi. 使变大;伸展circulate vt. & vi. 循环;流传thanks to 幸亏;由于;因为expand vt. & vi. 使变大;弯曲circulate vt. & vi. 循环;流传thanks to 幸亏;由于;因为battle n. 战役;战斗;较量;斗争statistic n. (常用pl statisitcs)数据;统计数据;统计数字;统计资料 sunburnt adj. 晒黑的struggle vt. & vi. 斗争;奋斗;不懈努力decade n. 十年;十年期super adj. 特级的;超级的output n. 产量;输出confuse vt. 并使蒙蔽;并使恼怒regret vt. 遗憾;惋惜 n. 遗憾;懊悔 chemical adj. 化学的;关于化学的pest n. 害虫;害兽;害鸟nutrition n. 营养;滋润;食物know about 了解call him a farmer 称谓他为农民in many ways 在许多方面struggle for 为……斗争the past five decades 过去的五十年 be born in poverty 长大贫穷graduate from 毕业于……since then 从那以后thanks to 由于rid…of…并使……彻底摆脱……be satisfied with 对……满足lead a … life 过着……生活care about 在意……used to 过去常常be used to 被用来做;习惯于get used to 惯于prefer to do sth. 更喜欢做某事wish for 欲获得、愿意获得no matter 无论in need of 须要refer to 谈及;提到be rich in 含有insist on doing 坚持做……ready to do sth 准备好必须搞没有某事pay attention to 注意;留心be certain/sure to do 相信可以搞某事persuade sb to do sth 说服某人干某事-结果成功advise sb to do sth 劝阻某人干活某事-结果失利keep … free from/of 使……免受(影响;害等);使……不含(有害物) △soybean n. (=soyabean) 大豆 root n. 根;根源 skim vt. 浏览;略读content adj. 满足用户的;令人满意的 n. 满足用户 vt. 并使满足用户feel/be content with 对……满足performer n. 表演者;演出者astonish vt. 使惊诧astonishing adj. 令人深感吃惊的fortunate adj. 幸运的;吉利的unfortunately adv. 意外地humour n. 幽默;滑稽punchline n. 故事、笑话等中的妙语;关键语nonverbal adj. 不用语言的edward lear 爱德华•李尔 (英国作家、画家)comedy n. 喜剧up to now 直到现在brighten vt. 使更愉快;使更有希望depressed adj. 忧伤的;失望badly off 穷的;缺少的ordinary adj. 平时的;普通的 bored adj. 厌倦的 subtle adj. 微妙的;精巧的;技艺精湛的bump into 撞到上(=knock into);遇见be content with 对……满足worse off 境况高astonish sb. with sth. 用某事物使某人震惊be famous for 由于……而知名in poverty 贫困be well known 闻名于世be set in 以……为背景ask for 建议……no more than不超过come across 跑过来;偶然遇到fall over 摔翻fall down 坍塌do well in ……(方面)做得好make a cup of tea 泡茶bring out 取出;阐明bring in 导入a sense of ……观念pick up 拿起be caught in 被困在……pick out (用个人偏好或期望展开)挑选出cut off切下star in 演出turn into 变为canteen n. 食堂flight n. 飞行;航班curious adj. 疑惑的curiously adv. 好奇地statement n. 陈述;表明greet vi. & vt. 迎接;问候represent vt. 代表;寓意association n. 社团;联系;联想dormitory n. 宿舍approach vt. & vi. 接近;靠近;走近 n. 接近;方法;途径cheek n. 面颊defend vt. 保护;保卫defend against 捍卫……以免受到respectful adj. 恭敬的subjective adj. 主观的hug vi. & vt. 拥抱rank n. 等级;军衔cassette n. 磁带defence n. 防卫;捍卫major adj. 主要的misunderstand vt. (misunderstood, misunderstood) 误会，误会 misunderstanding n. 误解;误false adj. 错误的;骗人的anger n. 怒气;怒火turn one’s back to 背对着;背叛fist n. 拳头be interested in 对……感兴趣look around四周张望up and down 上下protect sb from v-ing/sth 从……保护某人with your hands a little open 手微微张开be willing to愿意去做……look sb. in the eye 直面/看著某人send sb. to do 派遣某人……meet with(=come into)偶然遇到may have done 某事可能已经做了(或发生) reach out…for… 张开……回去……spoken language 口语close to 紧邻be likely to 有可能……introduce sth. to sb. 向某人了解……not…nor…既不……也不……shake hands with(=shake one’s hand)与某人击掌 all kinds of 多种多样的……be similar to 与……相近at ease 安逸theme n. 题目;主题(曲)roller coaster n. 过山车whichever pron. 无论哪一个;任何一个pirate n. 海盗;盗版fairy tale 神话故事;童话fantasy n. 幻想;怪念头central adj. 中心的;中央的various adj. 不同的;各种各样的cartoon n. 漫画;动画片be famous for 以……而闻名amusement n. 玩乐;娱乐(活动)swing n. 秋千;摇摆 vt. & vi. (swung, swung) 摇摆;摆动 attraction n. 有吸引力的事物;迎合admission n. 允许进入;入场费;承认shuttle n. 来往汽车;航天飞机freeway n. 高速公路souvenir n. 纪念品sneaker n. 运动鞋diver n. 潜水员in advance 提前come to life 活跃出来large amounts of/a large amount of 大量(不可数)advanced adj.高级的;一流的brand n. 商标;牌子point out 表示at least 至少provide sb. with…提供更多……have sth done 使得……;让……被做 be named after 以……命名be different from 与……不同get close to 紧邻take an active part in 积极参与 a bit 一会儿;一点儿such as如……a variety of 各种各样的……charge…for…向……收费be based on 以……为基础not just 不仅仅along with 联同……;充斥……come to life 活跃起来face to face 面对面try out 试验。

u5英语初一下册重点单词译林

u5英语初一下册重点单词译林Unit 11. hello：你好"Hello" is a basic greeting used when meeting or addressing someone for thefirst time. It is commonly used in English-speaking countries as a way to initiate a conversation.2. hi：嗨/你好"Hi" is another informal greeting that is commonly used to say "hello" orstart a conversation. It is often used among friends or acquaintances.3. my：我的"My" is a possessive pronoun used to show ownership or belonging. It is usedto indicate that something belongs to the speaker, such as "my car" or "my book".4. name：名字"Name" refers to the word or words that identify a person, animal, place, or thing. It is used to introduce oneself or ask for someone's identification, such as "What is your name?" or "My name is Sarah".5. is：是"Is" is a form of the verb "to be" and is used to indicate a state of being or identity. It is often used in sentences like "He is tall" or "She is a doctor".6. am：是（第一人称）"Am" is the first person singular form of the verb "to be". It is used when referring to oneself, such as "I am hungry" or "I am a student".7. yes：是"Yes" is a word used to express agreement or confirmation. It is the opposite of "no" and is often used in response to a question or statement.8. no：不"No" is a word used to express negation or disagreement. It is the opposite of "yes" and is often used in response to a question or statement.9. thank：谢谢"Thank" is a verb used to express gratitude or appreciation. It is oftenfollowed by the word "you" to complete the phrase, such as "Thank you for your help".10. you：你"You" is a pronoun used to refer to the person or people being spoken to. Itis commonly used in conversation to address someone directly.Unit 21. how：怎么样/如何"How" is an interrogative adverb used to ask about the manner or way in which something happens or is done. It can be used to ask questions like "How are you?" or "How does this work?".2. fine：好的"Fine" is an adjective used to describe something that is of high quality or satisfactory. It is often used as a response to a question about one's well-being, as in "I'm fine, thank you".3. thank you：谢谢你"Thank you" is a polite expression used to show gratitude or appreciation. It is commonly used to acknowledge someone's kindness or assistance.4. and：和"And" is a conjunction used to connect words, phrases, or clauses. It is used to join ideas or add information, such as "I like apples and oranges".5. good：好的"Good" is an adjective used to describe something that is of high quality oris desirable. It can also be used to describe a positive state of mind or physical condition.6. morning：早上"Morning" refers to the period of time between midnight and noon. It is often used as a greeting or to refer to the early part of the day.7. afternoon：下午"Afternoon" refers to the period of time between noon and evening. It is often used as a greeting or to refer to the middle part of the day.8. evening：晚上"Evening" refers to the period of time between late afternoon and bedtime. It is often used as a greeting or to refer to the later part of the day.9. night：晚上/夜晚"Night" refers to the period of time between sunset and sunrise. It is often used to refer to the time when people sleep or the darkness of the sky.10. fine, thank you：很好，谢谢"Fine, thank you" is a polite response used to acknowledge that one is doing well or feeling good. It is often used as a reply to a question about one's state of being.Unit 31. where：哪里/在哪里"Where" is an interrogative adverb used to ask about the location or position of something or someone. It is often used to ask questions like "Where is the bathroom?" or "Where are you going?".2. from：来自"From" is a preposition used to indicate the origin or source of something or someone. It is used to show where someone or something is coming from.3. China：中国"China" is a proper noun used to refer to a country in East Asia. It is the most populous country in the world and has a rich history and culture.4. America：美国"America" is a proper noun used to refer to a country located in North America. It is commonly known as the United States of America (USA) and is a major global power.5. England：英格兰"England" is a proper noun used to refer to a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It is located in the southern part of Great Britain and is known for its history, culture, and monarchy.6. Australia：澳大利亚"Australia" is a proper noun used to refer to a country located in the Southern Hemisphere. It is known for its unique wildlife, natural landscapes, and diverse culture.7. Japan：日本"Japan" is a proper noun used to refer to an island country in East Asia. Itis known for its advanced technology, rich cultural heritage, and unique traditions.8. Canada：加拿大"Canada" is a proper noun used to refer to a country located in North America. It is known for its vast wilderness, multicultural society, and friendly people.9. Spain：西班牙"Spain" is a proper noun used to refer to a country located in southwestern Europe. It is known for its rich history, art, cuisine, and vibrant festivals.10. Germany：德国"Germany" is a proper noun used to refer to a country located in central Europe. It is known for its engineering prowess, beer culture, and impressive castles.Unit 41. nice：好的/漂亮的"Nice" is an adjective used to describe something that is pleasant, enjoyable, or of high quality. It can also be used to describe someone who is kind, friendly, or attractive.2. to meet：见面"To meet" is a verb phrase used to describe the act of coming together or encountering someone for the first time. It is often used as a polite way to greet or introduce oneself.3. you too：你也一样"You too" is a short phrase used as a response to a statement or greeting. It is commonly used to reciprocate a wish or sentiment, such as "Have a nice day" to which one might reply "You too".4. see：看见/见到"See" is a verb used to describe the act of perceiving something with one's eyes or being in the presence of someone. It can also be used to express understanding or agreement, as in "I see what you mean".5. bye：再见"Bye" is a casual term used as a shortened form of "Goodbye". It is commonly used to say farewell or to end a conversation or meeting.6. good-bye：再见"Good-bye" is a more formal expression used to say farewell or bid someone goodbye. It is often used in professional or formal settings.7. nice to meet you：很高兴见到你"Nice to meet you" is a polite greeting used when meeting someone for thefirst time. It is often used as a way to acknowledge the other person's presence and express one's own pleasure.8. again：再一次"Again" is an adverb used to indicate repetition or a repeated action. It is often used in phrases like "See you again" or "Do it again".9. excuse me：对不起/请问"Excuse me" is a polite phrase used to apologize or get someone's attention. It is often used when one needs to pass through a crowded area or when interrupting someone.10. thanks：谢谢"Thanks" is a casual and shortened form of "Thank you". It is used to express gratitude or appreciation.Unit 51. what：什么"What" is an interrogative pronoun used to ask questions about identity, quantity, or quality. It is often used to inquire about something unknown or to request information.2. subject：科目"Subject" refers to a particular area of study or a topic that is discussed or learned about. It can also refer to the main topic or theme of a book, conversation, or piece of writing.3. math：数学"Math" is a shortened form of "mathematics," which is the study of numbers, shapes, and patterns. It includes various branches such as algebra, geometry, and calculus.4. science：科学"Science" is a systematic study of the structure and behavior of the physical and natural world through observation and experimentation. It encompasses various branches like physics, chemistry, and biology.5. music：音乐"Music" refers to the art of arranging sounds in time to produce a composition through the elements of melody, harmony, rhythm, and tone color. It can also refer to the written or recorded representation of such a composition.6. art：艺术"Art" encompasses a diverse range of human activities, creations, and expressions that are appealing to the senses or emotions. It includes visual arts, performing arts, literature, and more.7. P.E.：体育"P.E." stands for "Physical Education," which is an educational disciplinethat involves physical activities that contribute to the overall development and well-being of an individual.8. English：英语"English" refers to the language originated in England and is now spoken in many countries around the world. It is also a subject in schools that involves the study of literature, grammar, and writing skills.9. Chinese：语文/汉语"Chinese" can refer to the language spoken by the largest population in the world, which includes various dialects like Mandarin and Cantonese. It can also refer to the subject in schools that involves the study of Chinese literature, grammar, and writing skills.10. history：历史"History" is the study of past events, particularly in human affairs. It involves the research, analysis, interpretation, and presentation of past happenings to understand their significance and impact on the present.Unit 61. classroom：教室"Classroom" refers to a room in which a class of students is taught. It is a place where learning and teaching activities occur, equipped with desks, chairs, a blackboard or whiteboard, and other educational materials.2. school：学校"School" is an educational institution designed to provide learning spaces and learning environments for students under the direction of teachers. It encompasses various levels, such as elementary, middle, and high school.3. library：图书馆"Library" is a collection of books and other materials available for borrowing or reference, often housed in a building or room. It provides a quiet environment for reading, studying, and research.4. gym：体育馆/健身房"Gym" can refer to a place equipped for gymnastics, games, and other physical exercise. It can also refer to a room or building equipped with exercise equipment for physical fitness and bodybuilding.5. computer lab：计算机实验室"Computer lab" is a room or building equipped with computers and related equipment for teaching, learning, and research. It provides a space for students to gain hands-on experience with computer technology.6. playground：操场/游乐场"Playground" is an outdoor area provided for children to play, usually equipped with swings, slides, and other playground equipment. It is a place where children can engage in physical activities and have fun.7. office：办公室"Office" refers to a room or set of rooms or a building where people work, usually sitting at desks. It is a place for administrative work, professional activities, and business operations.8. hospital：医院"Hospital" is an institution providing medical and surgical treatment for patients. It is equipped with specialized departments, medical equipment, and healthcare professionals to treat various illnesses and injuries.9. restaurant：餐厅"Restaurant" is a place where people pay to sit and eat meals that are cooked and served on the premises. It offers a variety of dishes and provides a dining experience for customers.10. bank：银行"Bank" is a financial institution that accepts deposits, offers loans, and provides other financial services like currency exchange, investment advice, and savings accounts. It is a place where individuals and businesses can manage their money.。

2024人教七上U5教师版

likes to play
喜欢弹
play musical instruments
演奏乐器
do so much more
做得如此多
make delicious cakes
做美味的蛋糕
sing well
唱得不错
play the drums
打鼓
run fast
跑得快
go to the music room
和别人一起思考
work well with your hands
用手运转得更好
think up new ideas
提出新观点
四、句子
Teng Fei can play pingpong .
腾飞会打乒乓球。
Sam can’t play Chinese chess .
Sam 不会下中国象棋。
Lin Hua can read with feeling .
林华可以用感知来阅读。
I want to join drama club .
我想加入戏剧俱乐部
What club do you want to join ?
你想加入哪个俱乐部？
Here’s some good news .
这里有一些好消息。
I can’t play any musical instruments .
到图书馆来
take good photos
拍好照片
fall in love with books
爱上了书籍
make you think
让你思考
e hiking with us
和我们一起徒步旅行
open your mind
打开你的思想
visit nature parks

u5英语初一下册重点单词

u5英语初一下册重点单词1. actor (n) - a person who performs in plays, movies, or television showsExample: Leonardo DiCaprio is a famous Hollywood actor.2. actress (n) - a female actorExample: Meryl Streep is a talented actress who has won multiple Academy Awards.3. architect (n) - a person who designs buildingsExample: Frank Gehry is a renowned architect known for his innovative designs.4. artist (n) - a person who creates works of art, such as paintings, sculptures, or drawingsExample: Vincent van Gogh was a post-impressionist artist known for his famous painting "Starry Night."5. baker (n) - a person who bakes bread, cakes, and other goodsExample: The baker at the local bakery makes delicious pastries every morning.6. chef (n) - a professional cook who is in charge of a kitchenExample: Gordon Ramsay is a famous chef known for his fiery temper and culinary skills.7. dentist (n) - a person who takes care of people's teethExample: I need to make an appointment with the dentist for a dental check-up.8. doctor (n) - a person who is qualified to treat people who are ill or injuredExample: My sister wants to become a doctor and help people in need.9. engineer (n) - a person who designs and builds machines, structures, or systemsExample: The engineer worked on designing a new bridge that would withstand earthquakes.10. farmer (n) - a person who works on a farm and cultivates crops or raiseslivestockExample: The farmer harvested fresh vegetables from his field.11. firefighter (n) - a person who is trained to put out fires and rescue peopleExample: The firefighter bravely rushed into the burning building to save trapped residents.12. hairdresser (n) - a person who cuts and styles hairExample: I'm going to the hairdresser tomorrow to get a new haircut.13. journalist (n) - a person who gathers, writes, and reports news stories for newspapers, magazines, or televisionExample: The journalist interviewed the prime minister for an exclusive news article.14. lawyer (n) - a person who practices law and represents clients in courtExample: My uncle is a lawyer who specializes in criminal defense cases.15. musician (n) - a person who plays a musical instrument or sings professionallyExample: Mozart was a renowned musician and composer during the classical period.16. nurse (n) - a person who takes care of patients in a hospital or clinicExample: The nurse checked the patient's blood pressure and administered medication.17. pilot (n) - a person who operates and flies an aircraftExample: The pilot informed the passengers about the weather conditions before takeoff.18. singer (n) - a person who uses their voice to perform songsExample: Beyoncé is a talented singer with a power ful voice.19. soldier (n) - a person who serves in the militaryExample: My grandfather was a soldier during World War II.20. teacher (n) - a person who instructs and educates students in a school or universityExample: The teacher taught us about the water cycle in science class.21. accountant (n) - a person who keeps or inspects financial accountsExample: The accountant carefully reviewed the company's financial records.22. electrician (n) - a person who installs and repairs electrical wiring and equipmentExample: We called an electrician to fix the faulty wiring in our house.23. plumber (n) - a person who installs and repairs the pipes, fittings, and other apparatus of water supplyExample: The plumber unclogged the drain and fixed the leaky faucet.24. police officer (n) - a person who is employed by a police forceExample: The police officer responded to the call about a break-in at the local store.25. bartender (n) - a person who serves drinks at a barExample: The bartender mixed cocktails for the customers at the party.26. bartender (n) - a person who serves drinks at a barExample: The bartender mixed cocktails for the customers at the party.27. librarian (n) - a person in charge of a libraryExample: The librarian helped me find a book on ancient history.28. mechanic (n) - a person who repairs and maintains vehiclesExample: The mechanic changed the oil and rotated the tires on my car.29. pilot (n) - a person who operates and flies an aircraftExample: The pilot informed the passengers about the weather conditions before takeoff.30. programmer (n) - a person who writes computer programsExample: The programmer developed a software application for a mobile device.31. scientist (n) - a person who is trained in a science and whose work is to do scientific researchExample: The scientist conducted experiments in the laboratory.32. veterinarian (n) - a person who is qualified to treat sick or injured animalsExample: The veterinarian examined the injured puppy and provided necessary treatment.33. actor (n) - a person who performs in plays, movies, or television showsExample: Shah Rukh Khan is a popular Bollywood actor.34. architect (n) - a person who designs buildingsExample: Zaha Hadid was a famous architect known for her futuristic designs.35. artist (n) - a person who creates works of art, such as paintings, sculptures, or drawingsExample: Pablo Picasso revolutionized the art world with his Cubist paintings.36. chef (n) - a professional cook who is in charge of a kitchenExample: Julia Child was a renowned chef who introduced French cuisine to American audiences.37. dentist (n) - a person who takes care of people's teethExample: The dentist filled a cavity in my tooth.38. doctor (n) - a person who is qualified to treat people who are ill or injuredExample: The doctor prescribed medication for the patient's illness.39. engineer (n) - a person who designs and builds machines, structures, or systemsExample: The engineer designed a new irrigation system for the agricultural field.40. farmer (n) - a person who works on a farm and cultivates crops or raises livestockExample: The farmer milked the cows every morning.。

八年级下册u5单词

八年级下册u5单词八年级英语下册Unit 5单词如下：1.rainstorm [ˈreɪnstɔ:m] n. 暴风雨2.alarm [əˈlɑ:m] n. 闹钟3.go off (闹钟)发出响声4.begin [bɪˈgɪn] v. 开始5.heavily [ˈhevɪli] adv. 在很大程度上，大量地6.suddenly [ˈsʌdənli] adv. 突然地7.strange [streɪndʒ] adj. 奇怪的，陌生的，奇特的8.storm [stɔ:m] n. 暴风雨9.wind [waɪnd] n. 风10.light [laɪt] n. & v. 电灯；点燃11.report [riˈpɔ:t] v. 报导，报告12.area [ eərɪə] n. 范围，地域，地区13.wood [wʊd] n. 树木，木材，树木14.window [ˈwindəu] n. 窗户15.flashlight [ flæʃlaɪt] n. 手电筒，火炬16.match [mætʃ] n. 火柴，比赛17.beat [bi:t] v. 敲打，打败18.against [əˈgenst] prep. 反对，对······不利19.asleep [əˈsli:p] adj. 睡着的，熟睡的20.fall asleep 进入梦乡，睡着21.die down 逐渐变弱，逐渐消失22.rise [raɪz] v. 上升，升起23.fallen [ˈfɔ:lən] adj. 倒下的，落下的24.apart [əˈpɑ:t] adv. 分离，分开25.have a look 看一看26.icy [ˈaɪsɪ] adj. 覆盖着冰的，冰冷的27.kid [kɪd] n. & v. (口语)小孩；开玩笑，欺骗28.realize [ˈri:əlaɪz] v. 认识到，了解29.make one s way 前往，费力地前进30.passage [ˈpæsɪdʒ] n. 章节，段落31.pupil [ˈpju:pl] n. 学生pletely [kəmˈpli:tli] adv. 彻底地，完全地33.shocked [ʃɔkt] adj. 震惊的，震撼的34.silence [ˈsaɪləns] n. 寂静，沉默35.in silence 沉默，无声36.recently [ˈri:sntli] adv. 不久前，近来，最近37.take down 拆除，往下拽，记录38.date [deɪt] n. 日期，日子39.tower [ˈtaʊə(r)] n. 塔40.at first 首先，最初41.truth [tru:θ] n. 真相，真理，事实。

U5知识点拓展及运用分析

知识归纳与拓展【单词分析】1.wild (adj．)野生的wild animals (n．)自然环境，野生状态in the wild2.free (adj.) 自由的，不受拘束的be free to do sth.自由的做某事for free 免费的3.die (vi．) 死dead (adj．) 死的dying (adj．)奄奄一息的death (n．) 死，死亡Eg：His father died last week.She cried out after knowing his husband's death.He found a dead bird in the garden.The dying man was saved by a kind-hearted lady.4．mean (vt．) 意思是，意味着meaning (n．) 意思meaningful (adj．)有意义的meaningless (adj．) 无意义的Eg：What’s the meaning of the word?= What does the word mean?5．born (adj．) 出生的be born birth (n．) 出生at birthEg: I weighed four kilos when I was born.= I weighed fours kilos at birth.4．beginning (n．) 开始，起初begin (vt．＆vi．) 开始开始in the beginning =at first ; 在……的一开始at the beginning of ……；开始做某事begin to do = begin doing一开始, 起初(at first) in the beginning不与of连用。

◇at the beginning 常与of 连用，表“在…之初”◇at the beginning 也可单独使用，表示“起初，5.sad(adj．) 伤心的sadly (adv．) 令人伤心地sadness (n．)伤心sadly = to one’s dnessEg：Sadly, both he and my mother died of cancer6．mainly( adv．) 主要地，大部分main (adj．) 主要的Eg：Deer live mainly in forests7．danger (n．) 危险dangerous (adj．) 危险的Eg：He is in danger of losing his job if he goes on like this.The sick person is now out of danger.Shooting off fireworks can be dangerous.8．action (n．) 行动；行为act (vt．& vi．) 行动，表演active (adj．) 积极的，活跃的actively adv．积极地，活跃地take action to do sth.= act to do sth.9．closed (adj．) 关闭的; 紧密的，亲密的close (vt．＆vi．) 关，关闭closely (adv．) 紧密地10．lost (adj．) 迷路的，迷失的lose (vt．) 遗失，失去get lost = lose one’s way11.the same ……as = as……as…..Eg:Y ou are as tall as me. = Y ou are the same height as me. (heavy,old,big / weight,age,size)12．hunter (n．) 猎人hunt (vt．& vi．) 打猎，猎杀13．1iving (n．) 生存，生计living (adj．) 活的，现存的live (vi．) 居住，生活14. sell的过去式sold；卖得好sell well；卖光sell out15．illness (n．) 疾病ill (adj．) 生病的ill和sick都是形容词,表示“生病的”,但二者有区别；ill只可作表语；而sick既可作表语,也可作定语.如：Eg:①He is ill / sick in hospital.他生病住院了.②He is a sick boy.（正）这男孩儿生病了. He is an ill boy.（误）16.because of+短语；because +句子Eg：I was late because of the heavy rain.= I was late because it rained heavily.17.accept(v.)接受,收到receive(v.)收到1）accept用作动词，意为“接受”，指经过考虑，由主观意志来决定接受，动作者本身是主动的He couldn't accept our advice but our gifts.他们不能接受我们建议但接受了我们的礼品。

必修5u5单词英文

Aa number of absorb vt. accomplish vt. accurate adj. △accusation accuse vt. accuse…of acquire vt. adjustment administration admirable adj. ahead of aid alike amateur ambulance analyse ankle announce apart from apply vt. appointment approve vt. attract vt architecture arrange vt. aspect assess vt.△assignment assist vt. assistant attend vt Bbackward adv.& adj bandage barrier basin be back on one’s feet be strict with beltblame vt. bleed vi. & vt. (bled,bled) △blister blouse bravery break away (from) break down △brightness △bruise buttonCCambridge capsule carriage case cautious adj. ceremony certainty challenge △char vi. characteristic chart chief adj. choke vi. & vt. △cholera citizen n. clarify vt.clue colleague collection △combination communism complex adj. concentrate on concentrate vt △concise adj. conclude vt.& vi conclusion conflict consist of consist vi. consistent adj. constant adj. constantly adv. construct vt. construction contribute vt.&vi convenience co-operative adj. countryside creative adj credit crime cupboard cure currency nDdamp adj deadline deadly adj. defeat vt deliberately adv. delight delighted adj demand △demanding adj. △deny vt. department depend on description desert dilemma△disposal n. △dispose vt. divide…intodraw a conclusion dustbinEeager adj. ecology edition editor △educational adj. △efficiency △efficient adj electric shock enjoyable adj. △enormous adj.enquiry enthusiastic adj. error△essential adj. △exhausted adj. expert adj△expertise expose vt. expose…toFfall ill fasten vt. fax firework firm adj. firmly adv. first aid flash vt. & vi. △flashback n. fold vt. foresee vt. furnished adj.Ggerm gifted adj. goods greedy adj. guide guilty adj.Hhandle △heal vi. & vt. △historical adj. housewife hover vi.I△idiomatic adj. △imaginary adj △imaginative adj. △imitate vt. impression in place △infect vt. △infection △infections adj. inform vt. injury instant institution instruct vt. intervieweeinvestigate vt.& vi. △investigation △involve vt.JKjet lag jet journalist kettle kingdom L△label lack vi.&vt. △layer leave out link vt. & n. link…to…liquid lose sight of Mmake a difference make sense mask material meanwhile adv. mild adj. mildly adv. motivation △moveable adj. movement mudNnationwide adj △navigation △negative neighbourhood △nerve △nosebleedO△ointment opening △opportunity optimistic adj. organ original adj. outbreakover and over againPpainter pan △pedal △pessimistic adj. photograph photographer △photography physician plus poison polish vt. pollute vt. port positive adj. possibility postage postcode pot pour vt. & vi press vi.& vt. pressure previous adj.△privately adv. process vt. profession professional adj. province publish pump put forward put one’s hands on quarrelRradiation radium receiver recycle vt reject vt. representative adj. responsible adj. ray△revolutionary adj. rough adj. roughly adv. royal adj. Ssafety belt sceptical adj.（<美>skeptical）scheme △scientific adj. scissors n.(pl.) △scoop section senior adj. settlement severe adj sideways adv. sightseeing skin sleeve slide intoso as to (do sth) speed up spin vi.& vt.）splendid adj △sprain vt. △sprained adj. squeeze out squeeze vt. & vi. stab vt. & vi. statue steward n. stewardess stove submit vt. surrounding suspect vt. swallow vt. sweep up swell vi. & vt. (swelled,swollen) switch swollen adj. symptomTtablet take the place of take up technical adj. technically adv. temporary adj. tense . thorough adj. thrill vt. throat tight adj. tightly adv. timetable tissue to one’s credit tolerate vt. treat vt.&vi. typewriter typistUunbearable adj. uncertain adj. uniform union unite vi.& vt. universe unusual adj.unwilling adj. update vt.Vvariety victim vital adj.W△watery adj. wedding. wrist.。

八年级上 U5单词

ready be ready to do sth. 准备/乐于做... ; be ready for sth. 为...做准备愿意的；
准备好的
get ready to do sth. for sth. (为)准备（做...）
dress up: 化妆;打扮 dress up as sb.化妆成某人 dress up like sb.化妆成像某人 be /get dressed (in...)穿（颜色）衣 dress sb/oneself给···穿衣服
什么是动词不定式 (‘to do’)？
上面例子中主要行为动词后面的动词都采用了“to + 动词原形”的结构，即动词不定式（有时可不带to）。
1. Do you want to watch the news? 2. What can you expect to learn from sitcoms? 3. What do you plan to watch tonight? 4. I plan to watch Days of Our Past. 5. Because I hope to find out what is going on outside.
change one’s mind：改变想法
4. stand 忍受站立 can’t/couldn’t stand +n. /代词/doing sth 我无法忍受情景剧/他们。
I can’t stand sitcoms/ them.
我无法忍受在房间里吸烟。
I can’t stand smoking in the room. 5. Educational 形容词 education n. 教育 educate v. 教育 educator n. 教育工作者 educationist n. 教育家 Sally 认为新闻比情景剧更有教育意义。

新八上U5单词

U5 Do you want to watch a game showcan’t stand 不能忍受don’t mind (doing ) 不介意（做某事）happen to sb. 某人发生了某事sb. happen to do 某人碰巧发生某事expect/ hope to do 期望/ 希望做某事learn from 向…学习one day 有一天plan to do 计划做某事be famous for 因。

而出名come out 发表，上映，开花In the 1930s 在20世纪30年代get/ be ready to do 乐意去做某事take sb’s place = take the place of 取代try one’s best to do sth. 尽最大的努力去做某事dress up 盛装打扮do a good job 干得好What do you think of …？= How do you like…？你觉得…怎么样？They may not be very exciting, but you can expect to learn a lot from them. I hope to be a TV reporter one day.When this cartoon came out in New York on November 18,1928, it was the first cartoon with sound and music.One of the main reasons is that Mickey was like a common man, but he always tried to face any danger.( ) 1."________do you_________sitcoms?""I love them."A.How, think ofB.What, like ofC. What, think ofD.What, like( )2.Mickey is one of _________ in the world.A. famousest cartoon characterB.the most famous cartoon charactersC. famousest cartoon charactersD. the most famous cartoon character( )3.I don’t mind what _________.A .do you think of meB .do you think of me C. you think of me D. you like of me( )4.I don’t mind _____ the window. .It’s too cold.A, close B. closing C. to close D. closes( )5.She expect ______ the film Tiny Times directed by Guo Jingming.A. seeB. to seeC. seeingD. to seeing( )4.---What do you think of Penny?----She is _______ A has long hair B tall C a student D nice( )5.The food here was terrible , I _________it. A liked B like C loved D couldn’t stand it ( ) 6. —How do you like The Blue Danube?— It _______ wonderful. Classical music is my favorite.A. soundsB. hearsC. listensD. feels( ) 7. Is there________ in today’s newspaper?A. something newB. new somethingC. anything newD. new anything( )8. Project Hope has spent a lot of money ________ many school.A. buildB. buildingC. builtD. to build( ) 9. —How about _____out for some coffee?—Sorry. I have a bad headache today.A. goB. goingC. to goD. goes( ) 10.—Look at our model of space station. Do you like it?—Yes，it is as ________as ours.A. interestingB. more interestingC. most interestingD. the most interesting( ) 11. My______ sister is two years _______ than me.A. older; elderB. elder; olderC. older; olderD. elder; elder( )12.In English. she’s_______writing than listening.A.better atB. better inC.good atD.best in( )13.Thanks a lot for____me____your party.A.invite;forB.invite;toC.inviting;toD.inviting;for( )14. Is your book _______________ as mine?A. sameB. someC. a sameD. the same( )15、—______ does your mother go for a walk？—Every afternoon.A、How longB、How oftenC、How muchD、How many( )16.You are not fit at all. You need to eat______ fast food and exercise______.A. more, lessB. less, lessC. more, moreD. less, more。

外研版必修二英语u5重点单词

外研版必修二英语u5重点单词1. analyze (v.) 分析analyze 是动词，意为“分析”。

常见搭配有analyze data（分析数据）、analyze the situation（分析情况）等。

2. invest (v.) 投资invest 是动词，意为“投资”。

常见搭配有invest in stocks（投资股票）、invest in education（投资教育）等。

3. competition (n.) 竞争competition 是名词，意为“竞争”。

常见搭配有competition between countries（国家之间的竞争）、fierce competition（激烈竞争）等。

4. potential (adj./n.) 潜在的；潜力potential 是形容词和名词，形容词意为“潜在的”，名词意为“潜力”。

常见搭配有potential dangers（潜在危险）、realize one's potential（发挥潜力）等。

5. strategy (n.) 策略strategy 是名词，意为“策略”。

常见搭配有business strategy（商业策略）、military strategy（军事战略）等。

6. competitive (adj.) 有竞争力的competitive 是形容词，意为“有竞争力的”。

常见搭配有competitive advantage（竞争优势）、competitive market（竞争市场）等。

7. secure (adj.) 安全的；牢靠的secure 是形容词，意为“安全的”或“牢靠的”。

常见搭配有secure a job（获得一份工作）、secure the border（保护边境安全）等。

8. combine (v.) 结合combine 是动词，意为“结合”。

常见搭配有combine efforts（合并努力）、combine theory with practice（理论与实践相结合）等。

人教版七年级下册U5单词及重点归纳

【预习单词】人教版七年级下册U5单词及重点归纳unit5单词（音标）panda['pændə]n.熊猫zoo [zu:] n.动物园tiger['taɪgə(r)] n.老虎elephant['elɪfənt] n.大象koala [kəʊ'ɑ:lə] n.树袋熊;考拉lion ['laɪən] n.狮子giraffe[dʒə'rɑ:f] n.长颈鹿animal['ænɪml] n.动物cute [kju:t] adj.可爱的;机灵的lazy ['leɪzɪ] adj.懒散的;懒惰的smart [smɑ:(r)t] adj.聪明的beautiful['bju:tɪfl] adj.美丽的;美好的scary ['skeərɪ] adj.吓人的;恐怖的kind [kaɪnd] n.种类kind of 稍微;有点Australia[ɒ'streɪlɪə] n.澳大利亚south [saʊθ] adj.南方的n.南;南方Africa ['æfri:kə] n.非洲South Africa南非pet [pet] n.宠物leg [leg] n.腿cat [kæt] n.猫sleep [sli:p] v.&n.睡觉friendly ['frendli]adj.友好的shy [ʃaɪ] adj.羞怯的;腼腆的save [seɪv] v.救;救助symbol ['sɪmbl] n.象征flag [flæg] n.旗，旗帜forget [fə(r)'get] v.忘记;遗忘get lost迷路place [pleɪs] n.地点;位置water ['wɔ:tə] n.水danger ['deɪndʒə(r)] n.危险be in (great) danger处于(极大)危险中cut [kʌ:t] v.砍;切down[daʊn]adv.(坐、躺、倒)下prep.向下、沿着cut down砍到tree [tri:] n.树kill [kɪl] v.杀死;弄死ivory ['aɪvəri] n.象牙over['əʊvə(r)]prep.超过;多于在……上方(be) made of由……制成的Julie ['dʒu:lɪ]朱莉(女名)Becky ['beki]贝姬(女名)Thailand ['taɪlænd]n.泰国Thai [taɪ] n.泰国(人的);泰语(的)Unit5 Why do you like pandas?◆短语归纳1. kind of 有几分，有点儿2. be from/come from 来自于3. South Africa 南非4. all day 整天5. for a long time 很长时间6. get lost 迷路7. places with food and water 有食物和水的地方8. cut down 砍倒9. in (great) danger 处于（极大）危险之中10. twelve years old 十二岁11. things made of ivory 由象牙制成的东西◆用法集萃1. —Why…?为什么……？—Because…因为……2. let sb. do sth. 让某人做某事3. want to do sth. 想要做某事4. one of+名词复数……之一5. forget to do sth. 忘记要做某事6. forget doing sth. 忘记做过某事7. help sb. (to) do sth. 帮助某人做某事8. be friendly to sb. 对某人友好◆典句必背1. —Why do you like pandas? 你为什么喜欢熊猫？—Because they’re kind of interesting.因为它们有点儿有趣。

U5-单词(教学课件)-高中英语人教版(2019)必修第一册

物或植物 ➢ be native to 原产于 ➢ a native speaker 母语者 ➢ native country/land/language 祖国故乡母语
attitude /ˈætɪtju:d/ n.态度；看法
➢ positive/negative attitude 积极态度/消极态度 ➢ have/adopt/take a(n) ... attitude to/toward ...
=give…one's regards 代某人向……问候
• 我们一直把他看作朋友。 We always regard him as a friend.
character /'kærəktə(r)/ n.文字；符号；角色；特点
➢ cartoon characters 卡通人物 ➢ build (up) character 磨炼个性 ➢ shape one's character 塑造某人的性格 ➢ out of character 不符合某人的性格
• 她昨晚的举止与她的性格截然不符。 Her behaviour last night was completely out of character.
appreciate [əˈpriːʃɪˌeɪt] vt. 欣赏；重视；感激；领会 vi. 增值
➢ appreciate（sb.）doing sth. 感激（某人）做某事 ➢ show/express/ convey my appreciation to sb for sth.
• symbolize v. 象征；使用符号 • symbolic adj. 象征性的 ➢ a/the symbol of ... ……的象征 • 十字架是基督教的象征。 The cross is the symbol of Christianity.