初中英语语法之连词
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1. Which do you like better, apples, __ pears? A. and B. but C. or
2. Now we have no time _____ money. A. so B. and C. or and (和) I are good friends. 3.Christine, Aileen _____ or (否则)you’ll fall behind. Study hard, ______
(4)表因果关系的for, so等。
考点一：
and (“和，并且”) 与 or (“否则”)
1）判断改错： talked
They sat down and talk about something.
F
They started to dance and sang.
F
sing I saw two men sitting behind and ate there. eating “and” 连接平行结构。
4. Not Tom but I ___ going to give the talk. A. am B. is C. are
A or B 和 not A but B 结构作主语 时，谓语动词要使用就近原则。
考点二 ：表转折的连词but 和however：
e.g. (他努力工作，但以失败告终。)
but he failed at last. He worked hard, ______ He worked hard. However _________, he failed at last.
区别: but 后没有逗号，直接连接分句； however 后有逗号相隔，可放句末。
观察句子 ：
???
考点三 ：
*although/ though 和but这两个关联词不能同时用。 （1）Although he is over sixty, but he works as hard as others. 改为：Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others.
F
2）翻译：① 我喜欢英语和数学。
I like English _____ andmath.
ormath. I don’t like English ____
（1）肯定句中用“and” 表“和”； （2）否定句中用“or”表“和” 。
② 我不喜欢英语和数学。
3）用 “and” 或“or” 填空：
考点二
not…until/ till 直到……才
…till
直到……为止
翻译：他直到3岁才会讲话。
couldn’t speak until he was 3. He _________
我父亲直到我们吃完饭时才回来。 My father didn’t ______ come back until we had supper. 他经常等到妈妈叫他才起床。
so that：①为了； ② 所以，结果 He took the MP3 player with him _____ B he could enjoy music during the trip. A. because B. so that C. when
考点三
①He got up early so that he could catch the early bus. 他起早是为了赶上早班车。(表目的) ②He got up early so that he caught the early bus. 他起早，结果赶上了早班车。（表结果） He got up so early that he so…that 如此……以致 caught the early bus.
连 词 (Conjunction)
连 词 (Conjunction)
一、连词定义: 用来连接词、短语或句子的词。
e.g. I study English and Chinese.
Does he work at school or in the hospital? I get up early, but my brother gets up late.
and your math will be better. Study hard, _____
or your math will be worse. = Study hard, _____
“and”意为“这样，那么”； “or” 意为 “否则” 。
or: 1. 用于疑问句, 表选择 2. 用于否定句, 表并列（肯定句用and）
or 或者) on foot? 4. Are you coming by bus ____(
and, or, but, so 特殊用法
1. It’s getting warmer __ warmer. A. and B. but C. or adj.比 + and + adj.比 表示越来越…
2. He or the twins __ the USA. A. comes from B. come from C. is from
* 注意状语从句的时态：“主将从现”。
连接时间状语从句
1. I was cleaning the floorwhen _____(当…的时候) she knocked at the door. as soon as 2. Dick climbed up into a tree _________________( 一…就) he saw the bear. 3. I knew nothing about it until _____(直到…才) my friend told me yesterday. 4. I haven’t heard from Bill ______( since 自从) we graduated from middle school.
或 He is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.
（2）“Because John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.”
同样，此句错误，
because 和 so 等关联词都不能同时使用。
--- 连词词组 ： either A or B “或者A或者B” 【连接主语 neither A nor B “既不A也不B” 时，谓语 not only A but also B “不仅A而且B” “就近原
when，while，as
三者均可译为“在……时候”。 when引导的从句，动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是终止 性的。一般来说，当主句的动作正在进行时，when引导的 从句的动作才发生；
while引导的从句中，动词只能是延续性的，一般来说，当 while引导的从句的动作正在进行时，主句的动作才发生； 若主从句动作同时发生，且强调“一边一边”这样的意思， 一般用 as。 When I came into the room, I found him lying there asleep. She sang as she walked. 她一边走一边唱歌。 注意： while 可以表示对比关系“然而”。 He is short while his brother is tall.
if, whether
连 词 用 法 比 较
if和whether都可作“是否”讲，在引导宾语从句是一 般可互换。例如： I wonder whether (if) you still study in that school. 在下列情况下，只能用whether,不能用if： ①.在不定式前。例如： I haven’t made up my mind whether to go there or not. ②.与or(not)连用时。 例如：I don’t now whether he comes or not. ③.从句作介词宾语时只用whether不用if。 It depends on whether it will be fine.那得看是不 是晴天。 ④.作discuss等动词的宾语时，用whether不用if。
He doesn’t ______get up until his mother wakes him up.
so…that, such...that
连 词 用 法 比 较
1) so…that中的so是个副词，其后只能跟形容词或 副词 而such...that中的such是个形容词，后接名词或名 词短语。例如： I’m so tired that I can’t walk any farther. It was such a warm day that he went swimming. 2) 如果在名词之前有many, much, little, few时， 用so,不用such。例如： He has so little education that he is unable to get a job.
三、用法
1.并列连词 --- 连接具有并列关系的词，短语
或句子。 常见的有：
(1)表并列关系的and, both…and, not only…but also, neither…nor，as well as（也，和）等。 (2)表选择关系的or, either…or等。
(3)表转折关系的but, however等。
连接条件状语从句：
连 词 练 习
if 如果) you don’t 1、You’ll be late _____( get up early tomorrow. if 2、I’ll come to see you _______( 如果) I’m free next Saturday. 3、We’ll have a picnic tomorrow if _______( 如果) it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
（不但你而且他也讲法语。）
2. 从属连词---用来引导从句。常见的从属连词有：
(1)引导时间状语从句的after, before, when, while, as, until, till, since, as soon as等。
(2)引导条件状语从句的if, unless等。 (3)引导原因状语从句的because, as, since等。 (4)引导目的状语从句的so that, in order that等。 (5)引导让步状语从句的though, although, even if等。 (6)引导结果状语从句的so that, so…that, such…that等。 (7)引导比较状语从句的than, as…as等。 (8)引导宾语从句的that, if , whether等。
连 词 用 法 比 较
考点一
“when” 和 “while”
C the UFO Mr. White was taking a shower _____ landed on the street.
A. where B. while C. when D. whether
While Mr. White was taking a shower，the UFO landed on the street. when引导的状语从句的动作多为终止性动词， 也为可持续动词；但while只能是可持续动词。
考点四
am going to the party. ①Either you or I _____
(或者你或者我将去晚会。)
则”】
Leabharlann Baidu
has seen the movie. ②Neither I nor he ______
（我和他都没有看过这部电影。）
speaks French. ③Not only you but also he ________
连接原因、结果状语从句
1. You should return the digital camera to Sally _____ she will not be angry.
A. so that B. because C. before
2. Now we have no time _____ money. A. so B. and C. or and (和) I are good friends. 3.Christine, Aileen _____ or (否则)you’ll fall behind. Study hard, ______
(4)表因果关系的for, so等。
考点一：
and (“和，并且”) 与 or (“否则”)
1）判断改错： talked
They sat down and talk about something.
F
They started to dance and sang.
F
sing I saw two men sitting behind and ate there. eating “and” 连接平行结构。
4. Not Tom but I ___ going to give the talk. A. am B. is C. are
A or B 和 not A but B 结构作主语 时，谓语动词要使用就近原则。
考点二 ：表转折的连词but 和however：
e.g. (他努力工作，但以失败告终。)
but he failed at last. He worked hard, ______ He worked hard. However _________, he failed at last.
区别: but 后没有逗号，直接连接分句； however 后有逗号相隔，可放句末。
观察句子 ：
???
考点三 ：
*although/ though 和but这两个关联词不能同时用。 （1）Although he is over sixty, but he works as hard as others. 改为：Although he is over sixty, he works as hard as others.
F
2）翻译：① 我喜欢英语和数学。
I like English _____ andmath.
ormath. I don’t like English ____
（1）肯定句中用“and” 表“和”； （2）否定句中用“or”表“和” 。
② 我不喜欢英语和数学。
3）用 “and” 或“or” 填空：
考点二
not…until/ till 直到……才
…till
直到……为止
翻译：他直到3岁才会讲话。
couldn’t speak until he was 3. He _________
我父亲直到我们吃完饭时才回来。 My father didn’t ______ come back until we had supper. 他经常等到妈妈叫他才起床。
so that：①为了； ② 所以，结果 He took the MP3 player with him _____ B he could enjoy music during the trip. A. because B. so that C. when
考点三
①He got up early so that he could catch the early bus. 他起早是为了赶上早班车。(表目的) ②He got up early so that he caught the early bus. 他起早，结果赶上了早班车。（表结果） He got up so early that he so…that 如此……以致 caught the early bus.
连 词 (Conjunction)
连 词 (Conjunction)
一、连词定义: 用来连接词、短语或句子的词。
e.g. I study English and Chinese.
Does he work at school or in the hospital? I get up early, but my brother gets up late.
and your math will be better. Study hard, _____
or your math will be worse. = Study hard, _____
“and”意为“这样，那么”； “or” 意为 “否则” 。
or: 1. 用于疑问句, 表选择 2. 用于否定句, 表并列（肯定句用and）
or 或者) on foot? 4. Are you coming by bus ____(
and, or, but, so 特殊用法
1. It’s getting warmer __ warmer. A. and B. but C. or adj.比 + and + adj.比 表示越来越…
2. He or the twins __ the USA. A. comes from B. come from C. is from
* 注意状语从句的时态：“主将从现”。
连接时间状语从句
1. I was cleaning the floorwhen _____(当…的时候) she knocked at the door. as soon as 2. Dick climbed up into a tree _________________( 一…就) he saw the bear. 3. I knew nothing about it until _____(直到…才) my friend told me yesterday. 4. I haven’t heard from Bill ______( since 自从) we graduated from middle school.
或 He is over sixty, but he works as hard as others.
（2）“Because John was ill, so I took him to the doctor.”
同样，此句错误，
because 和 so 等关联词都不能同时使用。
--- 连词词组 ： either A or B “或者A或者B” 【连接主语 neither A nor B “既不A也不B” 时，谓语 not only A but also B “不仅A而且B” “就近原
when，while，as
三者均可译为“在……时候”。 when引导的从句，动词既可以是延续性的，也可以是终止 性的。一般来说，当主句的动作正在进行时，when引导的 从句的动作才发生；
while引导的从句中，动词只能是延续性的，一般来说，当 while引导的从句的动作正在进行时，主句的动作才发生； 若主从句动作同时发生，且强调“一边一边”这样的意思， 一般用 as。 When I came into the room, I found him lying there asleep. She sang as she walked. 她一边走一边唱歌。 注意： while 可以表示对比关系“然而”。 He is short while his brother is tall.
if, whether
连 词 用 法 比 较
if和whether都可作“是否”讲，在引导宾语从句是一 般可互换。例如： I wonder whether (if) you still study in that school. 在下列情况下，只能用whether,不能用if： ①.在不定式前。例如： I haven’t made up my mind whether to go there or not. ②.与or(not)连用时。 例如：I don’t now whether he comes or not. ③.从句作介词宾语时只用whether不用if。 It depends on whether it will be fine.那得看是不 是晴天。 ④.作discuss等动词的宾语时，用whether不用if。
He doesn’t ______get up until his mother wakes him up.
so…that, such...that
连 词 用 法 比 较
1) so…that中的so是个副词，其后只能跟形容词或 副词 而such...that中的such是个形容词，后接名词或名 词短语。例如： I’m so tired that I can’t walk any farther. It was such a warm day that he went swimming. 2) 如果在名词之前有many, much, little, few时， 用so,不用such。例如： He has so little education that he is unable to get a job.
三、用法
1.并列连词 --- 连接具有并列关系的词，短语
或句子。 常见的有：
(1)表并列关系的and, both…and, not only…but also, neither…nor，as well as（也，和）等。 (2)表选择关系的or, either…or等。
(3)表转折关系的but, however等。
连接条件状语从句：
连 词 练 习
if 如果) you don’t 1、You’ll be late _____( get up early tomorrow. if 2、I’ll come to see you _______( 如果) I’m free next Saturday. 3、We’ll have a picnic tomorrow if _______( 如果) it doesn’t rain tomorrow.
（不但你而且他也讲法语。）
2. 从属连词---用来引导从句。常见的从属连词有：
(1)引导时间状语从句的after, before, when, while, as, until, till, since, as soon as等。
(2)引导条件状语从句的if, unless等。 (3)引导原因状语从句的because, as, since等。 (4)引导目的状语从句的so that, in order that等。 (5)引导让步状语从句的though, although, even if等。 (6)引导结果状语从句的so that, so…that, such…that等。 (7)引导比较状语从句的than, as…as等。 (8)引导宾语从句的that, if , whether等。
连 词 用 法 比 较
考点一
“when” 和 “while”
C the UFO Mr. White was taking a shower _____ landed on the street.
A. where B. while C. when D. whether
While Mr. White was taking a shower，the UFO landed on the street. when引导的状语从句的动作多为终止性动词， 也为可持续动词；但while只能是可持续动词。
考点四
am going to the party. ①Either you or I _____
(或者你或者我将去晚会。)
则”】
Leabharlann Baidu
has seen the movie. ②Neither I nor he ______
（我和他都没有看过这部电影。）
speaks French. ③Not only you but also he ________
连接原因、结果状语从句
1. You should return the digital camera to Sally _____ she will not be angry.
A. so that B. because C. before