人教新目标 七年级上册 语法讲解 一般现在时

一般现在时语法讲解

一，一般现在时用法歌诀学习一般现在时，基本用法要熟记。特征性格和能力；

客观事实与真理；发生动作经常性，存在状态和习惯；以上歌诀念几遍，掌握还需多多练。说明：

1.表示特征，性格和能力

Eg:Tom is a tall boy. That’s a big tree.

He likes playing. We like English.

He can speak English. I can drive a car.

2.表示客观事实和真理，格言及其它不受时间限制的客观存在。

Eg:There are seven days in a week. The earth goes/moves around the sun.

Where there is a will,there is a way.

3.表示经常发生的动作或习惯性的动作

Eg: I get up at six every day.

Classes begin at eight.

My mother always takes a walk after supper

More and more foreigners come to China every year.

4.表示现在时刻存在的状态，这种状态带有一定的持续性。

Eg:They are very busy. They look excited.

The apple tastes good. We are in the room now.

5.在时间，条件，方式，让步状态从句中，用一般现在时表示将来。

Eg:When you meet him,please tell him the news.

When I grow up,I will go to America.

If it is fine tomorrow ,we will go on a trip.

6.在某些以here,there开头的句中用一般现在时表示正在发生的动作

Eg:Here comes the bus,Here it comes

There goes the bell.

二，一般现在时构成

1.肯定句：①主语+am/is/are+表语。Eg:They are new students.

②主语+行为动词+其它。Eg: I read English every morning.

2.否定句：⑴主语+am/is/are+not+表语Eg:she is not a nurse

⑵主语+don’t/doesn’t +动词原形+其它Eg:I don’t like learning English .Tom doesn’t like learning Chinese.

3.一般疑问句：⑴Am/Is/Are +主语+表语+？

Eg:Am I right? Is your mother a teacher?

Are you hungry?

⑵Do/does+主语+动词原形+其它+？

Eg:Do you like learning English?

Does your father go to work every day?

4.特殊疑问句：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句+？

Eg:What is your father?

What do you do every day?

When does your mother go to work every day?

三，动词变化：

1.be动词变化规律：我(I)用am,你(you)用are ,is 跟着他(he),她(she)，它(is)单数人名(人称代词和名词)用is，复数人名都用are.

2.实义动词第三人称单数变化规律：(1)一般加-s 如：help-helps,read-reads: (2)以ch,sh,s,x或元音字母o后面加-es.如：do –does,fix-fixes,pass-passes.push-pushes,teach-teaches; ⑶以辅音字母加y 结尾的词，变y为i再加es,如：try-tries;study-studies

四，与一般现在时连用的时间状语：

⑴表示频度的副词：always,usually,often.sometimes,seldom,never:

⑵On Sundays,on Monday afternoon,every day,in the morning,every year 等时间短语。

⑶once a year,twice a month ,three times a week 之类的表示频度的词组

四，小试牛刀：

用所给词的适当形式提空;

⑴He ＿(be)full ,but I ＿(be) very hungry.

⑵My mother＿(walk)to school every day,but my father always＿(go)to work by car.

⑶I work hard at school ,my brother＿(study)harder than me.

补充：一般现在时和现在进行时对对碰

到目前为止，我们学习了现在进行时和一般现在时两种时态，下面从三方面谈谈它们的区别：

Ⅰ概念不同

1.一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作或存在的状态，也表示说话者的能力，

还可以表示自然现象。例如：

My father goes to work by bicycle every day.

I can drive a car.

2.现在进行时表示说话时(瞬间)正在进行的动作，也表示目前阶段一直进行的动作。例如：

I am doing my homework now.

Ⅱ.构成不同

1.一般现在时的谓语构成主要有四种形式：连系动词be(am,is ,are)+名词，形容

词等；实义动词原形；实义动词的第三人称单数形式；情态动词+实义动词原形。例如：

I am a teacher. I go to school at six in the morning.

Tigers eat meat.

I can sing in English.

Let’s go to the zoo.

2.现在进行时由助动词be(am,is ,are)+ 现在分词构成。例如：

The lion is sleeping

Ⅲ.时间状语不同

一般现在时的时间状语主要有：every day/morning, in the morning/afternoon/evening, at eight o’clock等短语和often,usually,sometimes,always等频率副词。例如：

We watch TV in the evening.

现在进行时的时间状语主要有：now,these days等。例如;

What are you doing these days?