高级英语第二册lesson2

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Keys to exx高级英语第二册LESSON2

Keys to exx高级英语第二册LESSON2

习题Ⅰ . Marrakech: in west central Morocco, at the Northern foot of the high Atlas, 130 miles south of Casablanca, the chief seaport. The city renowned for leather goods, is one of the principal commercial centers of Morocco. It was founded in 1062 and was the capital of Morocco from then until 1147 and again from 1550 to 1660. It was captured by the French in 1912, when its modern growth began. It has extremely hot summers but mild winters. Yearly rainfall is 9 inches and limited to winter months. The city was formerly also called Morocco.Morocco: Located in North Africa, on the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. Morocco is the farthest west of all the Arab countries. Rabat is the capital. The estimated population in 1973 was 15,600,000. About 2000 B. C. it was settled by Berber tribes, who have formed the basis of the population ever since. The Arabs invaded Morocco in the 7thcentury, bringing with them Islam. From the end of the 17thcentury until the early 19th century Morocco was almost entirely free from foreign influence. But in 1912, a Franco- Spanish agreement divided Morocco into 4 administrative zones. It gained independence in 1956 and became a constitutional monarchy in 1957. Morocco is a member of the United Nations, the League of Arab States, and the Organization of African Unity. Moroccans are mainly farmers (70%)who try to grow their own food. They often use camels, donkeys and mules to pull their plows. In the south a few tribesmen still, wander from place to place in the desert.III. P.361. The burying-ground is nothing more than a huge piece of wasteland full of mounds of earth looking like a deserted and abandoned piece of land on which a building was going to be put up.2. All the imperialists build up their empires by treating the people in the colonies like animals (by not treating the people in the colonies as human beings).3. They are born. Then for a few years they work, toil辛苦工作and starve. Finally they die and are buried in graves without a name.4. Sitting with his legs crossed and using a very old-fashioned lathe, a carpenter quickly gives a round shape to the chair-legs he is making.5. Immediately from their dark hole-like cells小屋everywhere a great number of Jews rushed out wildly excited.6. Every one of these poor Jews looked on the cigarette as a piece of luxury which they could not possibly afford.7. However, a white-skinned European is always quite noticeable.8. If you take a look at the natural scenery in a tropical region, you see everything but the human beings.9. No one would think of organizing cheap trips for the tourists to visit the poor slum areas (for these trips would not be interesting).10.Life is very hard for ninety percent of the people.With hard backbreaking toil they can produce a little food on the poor soil.11.She took it for granted that as an old woman she was the lowest in thecommunity, that she was only fit for doing heavy work like an animal.12.People with brown skins are almost invisible.13.The Senegales soldiers were wearing ready-made khaki uniforms which hid their beautiful well-built bodies.14.How much longer before they turn their guns around and attack us?。

Lesson 2 高英第二册PPT教学课件

Lesson 2 高英第二册PPT教学课件

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Background
Morocco: Located in North Africa, on
the Mediterranean Sea and the
Atlantic Ocean, the farthest west of
all the Arab countries.
Capital:Rabat
Advanced English
Book Two Lesson 2 Marrakech
Instructor: Wei Haiyan
2020/12/10
1
Teaching plan
• About the author • Introduction to the passage • Background • Stylistic Analysis
Political System: Constitutional
monarchy, multiparty democracy.
Brief history: Morocco was inhabited
in the stone age by cave dwellers, who
left many traces of their presence.
reasons or details.
5. The burial of the poor inhabitants
6. A municipal城市的(urban) employee begging for a piece of
bread
7. The miserable lives of the Jews in the ghettoes
About 2000 B.C., it was settled by

英语专业高级英语第二册Lesson2课件

英语专业高级英语第二册Lesson2课件

The Washington Post (1)
Type: Daily newspaper Format: Broadsheet(大幅纸张 ) Owner: Washington Post Company Founded: 1877
Headquarters: 1150 15th Street, N.W. Washington, D.C., UniБайду номын сангаасed States Circulation: 673,180 Daily 890,163 Sunday (Apr. 2008)
Front page for Sunday, October 25, 2009.
The Washington Post (2)
The Washington Post is Washington, D.C.'s largest newspaper and its oldest, founded in 1877. Located in the capital of the United States, The Post has a particular emphasis on national politics. The Post is generally regarded among the leading daily American newspapers, along with The New York Times, which is known for its general reporting and international coverage, and The Wall Street Journal, which is known for its financial reporting. The Post has distinguished itself through its political reporting on the workings of the White House, Congress, and other aspects of the U.S. government.

Lesson 2 高英第二册PPT教学课件

Lesson 2 高英第二册PPT教学课件
bread) P.4 Example I was feeding one of the gazelles in the public gardens. P.5 Process An Arab navvy sidled towards us. He asked for some
bread. P.6 Result I tore off a piece and he stowed it gratefully in some
2020/12/10
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Teaching plan
• About the author • Introduction to the passage • Background • Stylistic Analysis
2020/12/10
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About the Author
George Orwell: pseudonym of Eric Arthur Blair (1903-50), an English writer. born in Motihari, Bengal, India. Concerned with the sociopolitical conditions of his time.
• P.9 Working conditions, dress: ... all dressed in the long black robe, and black cap, working in dark cave-like flyinfested booths. Example 1: a carpenter
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IV. The Old Women
P.16 Topic/statement All people who work with their hands are

高级英语第二册Lesson2Marrakech

高级英语第二册Lesson2Marrakech
Influence
Orwell's works have had a prospective impact on contemporary literature and political thought, making him one of the most influential writers of the 20th century
Techniques for using tension and voice
Mastering different tensions
Understand the use of present, past, and future tensions to express actions or states of being at different times
Advanced English Volume 2 Lesson 2 Marrakech
目 录
• Background of the text and introduction of the author
• Detailed explanation of vocabulary and phrases
Haggle
To negotiate the price of goods in a marketplace, a common practice in Marrakech
Mosque
A place of war for Muslims, an important part of Marrakech's territory
Tourism
Marrakech is a popular tourist destination, attracting visitors from all over the world with its unique chart and hospitality

高级英语第二册第二课“马拉克什”

高级英语第二册第二课“马拉克什”

Watch and Discuss
Background Information
George Orwell
Colonialism
Morocco
Marrakech
George Orwell
George Orwell (1903—1950)
pseudonym of Eric Blair a man of the uncommitted and independent left Masterpiece including Animal Farm 1984
Back
Morocco
Morocco
Morocco
Location: North Africa Capital : Rabat (435,000 people) 拉巴特 Area : 171,583 square miles State religion: Islam; Most of the people of Morocco are Muslims Languages: Arabic (official language), French and Spanish also spoken Money: Dirham 迪拉姆, DH
Colonism
Non-settlement colonies: a new kind of colony. The Europeans sent just enough soldiers, officials and businessmen to rule the people who already lived there. These non-settlement colonies were important as markets and as sources of raw materials for factories in the ruling countries.

高级英语2第二课_图文

高级英语2第二课_图文

Scene 3
Scene 4
(Paragraph 18) Most of Morocco is so desolate that no wild animal bigger than a hare can live on it. Huge areas which were once covered with forest have turned into a treeless waste where the soil is exactly like broken-up brick. Nevertheless a good deal of it is cultivated, with frightful labour.
Scene 6
Scene1
(Paragraph 2) What really appeals to the flies is that the corpses here are never put into coffins, they are merely wrapped in a piece of rag and carried on a rough wooden bier on the shoulders of four friends. They hack an oblong hole a foot or two deep, dump the body in it and fling over it a little of the dried-up, lumpy earth, which is like broken brick. No gravestone, no name, no identifying mark of any kind.
Marx thought that colonialism had dual missions — one was destruction and the other was construction.

高级英语第二册 Lesson2 Marrakech

高级英语第二册 Lesson2 Marrakech

Morocco is a constitutional monarchy with an elected parliament. The King of Morocco holds vast executive powers, including dissolving parliament at will. Executive power is exercised by the government but more importantly by the king himself. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the two chambers of parliament, the Assembly of Representatives and the Assembly of Councillors. Parliamentary elections were held in Morocco on 7 September 2007, and were considered by some neutral observers to be mostly free and fair. The political capital is Rabat, and the largest city is Casablanca; other large cities include Marrakech, Tetouan, Tangier, Salé, Fes, Agadir, Meknes and Oujda.
Lucerne [lju‘sə:n] [作物] 苜蓿;紫花苜蓿 Gazelle [ɡə‘zel]小羚羊;瞪羚 Stork [stɔ:k] 鹳 prickly pear 仙人掌,仙人球 Pomegranate [‘pɔmɡrænit ] 石榴

高级英语第二册第二课Marrakech课后答案词组

高级英语第二册第二课Marrakech课后答案词组

高级英语第二册第二课Marrakech课后答案词组词汇(VOCabUIary)thread (v.) : PaSS through by twisting turning, Or WeaVing in and Out 穿过,通过POmegranate (n.) : a round fruit With a red Ieathery rind and many SeedSCOVered With red, juicy, edible flesh; the bush or small tree that bears it石榴;石榴树Cha nt (n.) : a SimPIe IitUrgiCaI Song in WhiCh a Stri ng of syllables or words is SUng to each tUne礼拜仪式唱的)单调的歌bier (n.) : a platform or POrtabIe framework on WhiCh a COffi n or COrPSe isPIaCed棺材架;尸体架 hack (v.) : break up(1and)with a hoe mattock,etc.(用锄等)翻地,挖(土) oblong (adj.) : Ionger than broac; elongated长方形的 lumpy (adj.) : full of IUmPS ; COVered With IUmPS 多块状物的;凹凸不平的hummocky (a.) : full Of Or Iooking Iike IoW , rounded hills 布满小丘的;似小圆丘的derelict (adj.) : deserted by the owne; abandoned forsaken无主的;被遗弃的lot (n.) : a plot of ground —块地Un differe ntiated (adj.) : WithOUt clear qualities or disti nctiveCharaCteriStiCS无区别的;无显著特点的 mound (n.) : a heapor bank of earth sand, etc. built over a grave, in a fortification , etc. 土堆;堤;坟堆PriCkIy (adj.) : full of PriCkIeS 多刺的PriCkIy pear: any of a genus of CaCtUS pla nts hav ing cyli ndrical or large flat, oval Stem joints and edible fruits 仙人掌(属) bumpy (adj.) : full of bumps ; rough; jolting 崎岖不平的;颠簸的;震摇的gazelle (n.) : any Of VariouS smal, SWift, graceful antelopes 瞪羚hin dquarter (n.) : either of the two hind legs and the adjoining loin of aCarCaSS of Vea J beef, lamb, etc. ; [p1.]the hind Part of afour—Ieggedanimal(牛、羊、猪等的)后腿肉;[复](四肢动物的)后躯nibble (v.) : take small, cautious, or gentle bites小口地咬;谨慎地咬(啃) butt (v.) : Strike or PUSh With the head or horns:am With the head用头或角)撞击;顶撞mid — air (n.) : any point in space, not in con tact With the ground or otherSUrfaCe空中;上空navvy (n.) : n Unskilled laborer, as on Cana∣s roads, etc. 劳工;无特殊技术的工人sidle (v.) : move SideWayS esp. in a Shy or SteaIthy manne羞怯或偷偷地)侧身行走stow (v.) : PaCk or store away fill by PaCking in an OrderIy Way 装载;装进;收藏municipality n . a city, town. etc. having its OWn inCorPorated government for local affairs 自治市(或镇)ghetto (n.) : (in Certa in EUrOPea n CitieS)a SeCti On to WhiCh JeWS Wereformerly restricted(某些欧洲城市中从前的)犹太人居住区sore (adj.) : giving or feeling PhySiCaI Pain; Painful 疼痛的;感至U 疼痛的skull—CaP (n.) : a light, Closefitting, brimless cap, usually Worn indoors(室内戴的)无沿便帽 in fest (v.) : overr Un or in habit in Iarge nu mbers usually so as to be harmful or bothersome SWarm in or over(虫害等)侵扰;骚扰;蔓延booth (n.) : a stall for the sale of goods as at markets or fairs 市场或集市上的)货摊;摊店,摊棚PrehiStOriC (adj.) : Pertaining to anCient times Very old-fashioned 老式的;古旧的WarP (v.) : become bent or twisted out of ShaPe变弯曲;变歪frenZied (adj.) : full Of UnControlled excitement 疯狂的,狂乱的CIamour(V.) : make a loud con fused no ise or ShOUt Cry out 喧嚷,喧嚣,吵闹grope (v.) : feel or SearCh about blindly hesitantly, or UnCertainly 摸索;探索SeIf-C Ontained (adj.) : hav ing Within on eself or itself all that is n ecessarySeIf-SUffiCient, as a community 自给自足的WitChCraft (n.) : the power or PraCtiCeS of witches: black magic; SOrCery 巫术;魔法SqUare (adj.[colloq.]) : SatiSfying; solid ; SUbStantial[口 ]令人满意的;充实的conSPiCUOUS (adj.) : attracting attention by being Unexpected UnUsua,OUtSta ndi ng惹人注目的,显眼的 grove (n.) : OrChard 果园Iegi Onn aire (n.) : a member Of a Iegion 军团的成员back—breaking (adj.) : requiring great PhySiCal exertion Very tiring 费劲的;辛苦的,累人的。

(完整版)高级英语第二册lesson2重点词汇

(完整版)高级英语第二册lesson2重点词汇

• 1. mourner: n.•person who attends a funeral as a relative or friend of the dead•送葬者;哀悼者•mourn: v. grieve for哀悼• e.g.: The whole nation had mourned (for) the death of their great leader.•举国上下哀悼他们的伟大领袖。

•Silent mourning•Mourn for the deceased• 2. thread: v. pass through like a thread 穿过•thread one’s way through:•find, pick, one’s way through (a crowd, streets, etc) 挤过(人群);穿过(街道)• e.g.: I thread my way through the crowded streets.•On holidays, if you go shopping, you have to thread your way through the crowd, which is very annoying sometimes.•如果节假日里去购物,不得不在人群中挤,这有时很烦人。

• 3. wail: v. cry in a loud, usually shrill voice 悲伤地哭泣或哀嚎• e.g.:1) She was wailing for her lost child.她为失去的孩子哭泣。

•2) wails (over) one’s misfortunes•为自己的不幸而哀泣•3)The wind wailed through the trees.•风穿过树林发出似嚎叫的声音。

• 4. chant: n. a song in which words are repeated in a monotonous tone of voice 单调的歌• e.g.: The mourners wailed a short chant over and over again.•送葬者的口里一遍一遍地哀号着一支短促的悲歌。

高级英语第二册第二课Marrakech

高级英语第二册第二课Marrakech

• still more
• more,much more,in addition,而且,况 且,更加 • I said nothing, which made him still more angry. • 我什么也没说,这使他更加生气。
• All colonial empires are in reality founded upon this fact.
• Sometimes, out for a walk as you break your way through the prickly pear, you notice that it is rather bumpy underfoot, and only a certain regularity in the bumps tells you that you are walking over skeletons.”
• break your way: force your way or pick your way
• prickly pear : 仙
人掌果;仙人掌;仙 人球
• bumpy (adj.) : full of bumps;rough; jolting
• 崎岖不平的;颠簸的;震摇的 Nhomakorabea•
When out for a walk picking your way through the prickly pear, you find that the ground is bumpy. You realize that you are walking over skeletons. You know they are graves only because the bumps appear in an even pattern.

高级英语教案第二册第二课Marrakech–GeorgeOrwell

高级英语教案第二册第二课Marrakech–GeorgeOrwell

课程教案Background Knowledge *Morocco*Marrakech*French Colonies*Jews*George Orwell Unit 2 Marrakech By George OrwellThe Histor y of M a r r a kech*Ma rra kech, called also the red town, because of the red wall surround the old town, the medina.A Br ief Introduction to C olonia lismDefinition1. a. emigrants or their descendants in a distant territory but remain subject to or closely associatedwith the parent country.b. A territory thus settled.2. A region politically controlled by a distant country; a dependency.3. A group of people who have been institutionalized in a relatively remote areaA Br ief Introduction to the AuthorGeorge Orwell*Orwell’s works are concerned with the sociopolitical conditions of his times, through m erciless exposition of the poverty, misery and degradation 落魄of the native people in the colonies, he denounces the evils of colonialism or imperialism and manage to show his outrage at it.*Orwell is famous for his terse lucid 简洁易懂的prose style and good at the appropriate use of simple but forceful words to describe objectively the scenes before his eyes.*George Orwell is the pseudonym of Eric Arthur Blair(1903-50), British novelist and essayist, born at Motihari 摩坦赫利, Bengal(孟买), India. His father, Richard Walmesley Blair, was a minor customs official in the opium department of the Indian Civil Service.*W hen Orwell was 4 years old, his family returned to England where he remained until 1922. When Orwell was 8 years old, he was sent to a private preparatory school in Sussex. After attending Wellington and Eton, he failed to win a university scholarship then he served with the Indian Imperial Police in Burma.In the 1930s*His experience in Burma is described in his first novel ‚B u rmese Days‛(1934)缅甸风云.*On his return to Europe in 1927 he lived in a poor financial condition , first in Paris and then in London, a period which is the basis of his book ‚D o w n and Out in Paris and London‛(1933)巴黎和伦敦的落魄生活. And in this book he assumed the name ‚George Orwell‛by which he would become world famous*During the1930s Orwell had adopted the views of a socialist and traveled to Spain to report on their civil war.*He took the side of the Republican (United Workers Marxist Party militia 统一公党市民军) and fought alongside them, which earned him a wound in the neck. It was this war that made him hate communism in favor of the English brand of socialism.*Orwell wrote a book on Spain, ‚Homag e to Catalonia‛(向加泰罗尼亚致敬), which was published in 1938.During World Wa r Two:*During the second World War rejected for military service on account of tuberculosis and a wound, Orwell served as a sergeant(军士)in the Home Guard and also worked as a journalist for the BBC, Observer and Tribune(论坛), where he was literary editor from 1943 to 1945.*It was toward the end of the war that he wrote ‚A n imal Farm‛, and when it was over he moved to Scotland.*It was ‚A nimal Farm‛(动物庄园) a satirical fantasy attacking communism as practiced in Soviet Union that finally made Orwell prosperous.*His other world -wide success ‚Nineteen Eighty-Four‛(1984)is an elaborate satire on modern politics, a prophetic novel describing the dehumanization of man in a mechanistic, totalitarian 极权主义的world.Orwell wrote many literary essays as well, his volumes of essays include :Dickens(1946)狄更斯*Dali and Others(1946)达里*Shooting an Elephant(1950)射象*Collected Essays(1968)随笔*Journalism(1968) 新闻文章*Letters of George Orwell(1968)书信集Marriage and Death*Eileen O'Shaugnessy, Orwell's wife died in 1945 and in 1949 he remarried to a woman named Sonia Browell. Orwell's second marriage was short-lived, as he died from tuberculosis in London on January 21st, 1950. And he was just 46 years old.Detailed Analysis of the Text1)W hat kind of writing is the text?*Expository writing2)W hich sentence expresses the theme of the text? (or : W hich is the thesis statement? )*All colonial empires are in reality founded upon this fact (para.3)3)What is the theme of the text?*The author denounces the evils of colonialism. He mercilessly exposes poverty, misery and degradation of the native people in the colonies. These people are not considered nor are they treated as human beings.4)How many scenes has the writer described to expose the evils of colonialism? What are they?Six Scenes to expose the evils of colonialismScene 1: The burial of the poor inhabitants (para 1-3)The idea: Life is cheap. People are so poor that they can not afford proper burials.Scene 2: The begging of bread of an employee (para 4-7)The idea: Life is poor. People can’t afford proper food.Scene 3: Living condition of the Jews (para 8-15)The idea: Jews live in great proverty and under prejudice.Scene 4: Cultivation of soil (para 16-18)The idea: Hard way of making a living.Scene 5: Life of women (para 19-21)The idea: Miserable of old women, no better than a donkeyScene 6: the soldiers (para 22-26)The idea: The negro’s attitude towards the whites*W hy did the writer choose these scenes?*W hat do you think they represent?*Do you think these scenes are effective to achieve the writer’s purpose?*W hat else would you add?*W hat is the tone of the writer throughout the text?Scene 1: The burial of the poor inhabitants (para 1-3)Life is cheap. People are so poor that they can not afford proper burials.Wor ds and Expr essionswail: to cry out in mourning or lamentation 悲伤地哭号The wind wa iled through the treeschant: a simple liturgical song in which a string of syllables or words is sung to each tonebier: a platform or portable framework on which a coffin or corpse is placedhack: to break up (land) with a hoe, mattock, etc.oblong: adj. longer than broad; elongatedhummocky: adj. full of or looking like low, rounded hills 布满小丘的derelict: adj. deserted by the owner; abandoned; forsakenprickly pear: any of a genus of cactus plans having cylindrical or large, flat, oval stem joints and edible fruits 仙人掌(属)Pa r a gr a phing & Inter pr e ting…the flies left the restaurant table in a cloud and rushed after it, but they came back in a few minutes later.The cloud of flies flying to the corpse and then coming back to the restaura nt shows the unsa nita ry conditions of the city…the taxis and the camels…modern mea ns of tra nsporta tion a longside the old a nd ba ckwa rd mea ns of tra nsporta tion When the friends get to the burying-ground they hack an oblong hole a foot and two deep, dump the body in it and fling over it a little of the dried-up, lumpy earth, which is like the broken brick.The list of action verbs a re a ll single-sylla b ic, showing the quick speed a nd simple buryingprocedureAre they really…? Do they …? Or are they … individual as bees or coral insects?A list of rhetorica l questions a d ded force to author ’s denuncia t ionThey rise out of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few yea rs, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard and nobody notices that they are gone.a llitera tion, showing the monotonous life. They a re born. Then for a few yea rs they work, toil a ndsta rve. Fina lly they die a nd a re buried in gra ves without a name.Scene 2: The begging of bread of an employee (para 4-7)Life is poor. People can’t afford proper food.Wor ds and Expr essionsgazelle: n. any of various small, swift, graceful antelopes of Africa, the New East , and Asia, with spirally twisted, backward pointing horns and large, lustrous eyes. 瞪羚hindquarter: n. either of two hind edges legs and loins of a carcass of veal, beef, lamb, etc. (pl.) the hind legs of a four-legged animalnibble: to eat (food) with quick bites, taking only a small amount at at time, as a mouse does.The fish were nibbling a t the ba itbutt: to strike or push with the head or horns; ran with the headnavvy: (BrE) an unskilled laborer, an on canals, roadssidle: to move sideways, esp. in a shy, fearful or stealthily mannerstow: to pack or store away, esp. to pack in an orderly, compact mannermunicipality: a city, town, etc. having its own incorporated government 自治市Pa r a gr a phing & Inter pr e tingAn Arab navvy working on the path nearby lowered his heavy hoe and sidled slowly towards us.Although the la borer wa s hungry, he wa s not used to begging. Therefore he moved slowly a nd shyly.I could eat some of that bread.This is a n indirect request a nd expresses a desire to ea t some the . The word ‚could‛suggestspoliteness a nd uncerta inty.I took off a piece and he stowed it gratefully in some secret place under his rags.The word ‚stow‛a nd ‚secret‛show tha t the na vvy looks a t the piece of brea d a s something precious. He is a fra id of loosing it.This man is an employee of the municipality.This simple sta tement is very important. It serves to convey a deeper mea ning. ‚Even a n employed la borer goes sta rving, so you ca n ima gine the plight of the poorer people.Scene 3: Living condition of the Jews ( para 8-15)Jews live in great property and under prejudice.Wor ds and Expr essionsghetto: n. (in certain European cities) a section to which Jews were formerly restricted;cluster: to gather or grow in a cluster or clustersskull-cap: n. a light, closefitting, brimless cap, usually worn indoors.infest: to overrun or inhabit in large numbers, usu. so as to be harmful or bothersome; swarm in or over. Fly-infestedwarp: to become bent or twisted out of shape frenzied:adj. full of uncontrolled excitementclamour: v. n. (to) make a loud confused noise or shout; cry outself-contained: adj. having within oneself or itself all that is necessary; self-sufficient, as a community *Impossible--hard to deal with, sth. That cannot happene.g. It wa s not a n impossible scheme.His ba d temper ma kes life impossible for a ll the fa mily.He is a n impossible person to work with.Infla tion is a n impossible problem.*Grope –to feel or search about blindlye.g. In the da rkness, I groped for the door ha ndle.Throughout the ages men ha ve groped a fter the meaning of the Universe a nd their own role in it.The lecturer pa used, groping for the most effective word to express his mea ning.They had to grope their wa y through a mist tha t wa s rapidly turning into a thick fog.Pa r a gr a phing & Inter pr e ting(para9) …the houses are completely windowless.Windowless beca use the houses sit so close to ea ch other tha t it is inconvenient to ha ve windows. Sore-eyed children cluster …, like clouds of flies.A simile, compa ring clusters of children to clouds of flies. The repea ted use of flies shows the unsa nita ry conditions a nd the preva lence of diseases in colonia l countries(para 11) Fruitsellers, potters, silversmiths, blacksmiths, butchers, leather-workers, tailors, w ater-carriers, beggars, porters –There is a list of jobs here including tha t of begger.whichever way you look… a good job Hitler wasn’t here.It wa s lucky for the J ews tha t Hilter ha d not come to this pla ce. If he ha d, the J ews would ha ve been extermina ted a s they were in Pola nd a nd other Europea ns countries.(para 15) In just the same way, a couple of hundred years ago, poor old women used to be burned for witchcraft when they could not even work enough magic to get themselves a square meal.a squa re mea l: a decent substa ntia l mea lAna logy is used here. It means tha t these people’s a ccusation of the J ews wa s a s a bsurd a nd irra tiona l a s the a ccusa tion of the witchcra ft.Scene 4: Cultivation of soil (para 16-18)Hard way of making a living.W or ds and Expr essionsconspicuous: adj. attracting attention by being unexpected, unusual, outstandingChances are that : (oral) it is possibleCha nces a re tha t he ha s hea rd the news.ones’ey es take in: see, look atI wa s too busy ta king in the bea utiful furniture to notice who wa s in the room.Her eyes were ta king in nothing but the expensive ha ts.It wa s amusing to see his surprise a s he took in the new ca r.Foreign Legionnaires: France organized a foreign legion shortly after the conquest of Algiers in 1830, enlisting recruits who were not French subjects. Its international character and the tradition of not revealing enlistees’backgrounds have helped to surround the Foreign Legion with an aura of mystery and romancewring: v. to get or extract by force, threats, persistence, etc; extortwring money from sb. 勒索某人back-breaking: requiring great physical exertion; very tiring; nerve-rackingdesolate: adj. uninhabited; deserted, forlornPa r a gr a phing & Inter pr e ting*The author is extremely bitter and ironical. Instead of openly blaming the white colonialists who do n’t pay the least attention to the people who suffer from poverty and hunger, he pretends that they have a sound reason to ignore such people just because they have the color of the earth.(para 16) a white skin is always fairly conspicuous.synecdoche: a white-skinned European is a lways fa irly conspicuous.It is only because of this…tourist resorts.‚This‛here sta nds for the fa ct tha t people a lwa ys miss the pea sa nts la boring in the fields beca use they ha ve the color of the earth a nd a re a lot less interesting to look a t.(para 17) What does Morocco mean to a Frenchman? ... Or to an Englishman?Question a nd answer both elliptica l. This pa ra gra p h mea ns tha t this colonia l country a rousespeople’s interest for va r ious rea s ons except true concern for the people living in poverty(para 18) This is as much as the strength of the animals is equal to.The anima ls yoked to the plough had just enough strength to plough the soil to a depth of a bout four inches.A pa ssage from Invisible Ma n--R a lph EllisonI AM An invisible man. No, I am not a spook like those who haunted EdgarAllan Poe; nor am I one of your Hollywood-movie ectoplasms. I am a man ofsubstance, of flesh and bone, fiber and liquids—and I might even be said topossess a mind. I am invisible, understand, simply because people refuse to seeme. Like the bodiless heads you see sometimes in circus sideshows, it is as thoughI have been surrounded by mirrors of hard, distorting glass. When they approachme they see only my surroundings, themselves, or fragments of their imagination---indeed, everything and anything except me. (Prologue )Sentences to show the ha r d w or k*(para 17) …the reality of life is an endless back-breaking struggle to wring a little food out of an eroded soil.*(para 18) Most Morocco is so desolate that no wild animal bigger than a hare can live on it. Hugeareas which were once covered with forest have turned into a treeless waste where the soil is exactly like broken-up brick. Nevertheless a good deal of it is cultivated, with frightful labor.(para 18)…Long lines of women, bent double like inverted capital Ls, work their way slowly across the fields, tearing up the prickly weeds with their hands.Scene 5: Life of women (para 19-21)Miserable of old women, no better than a donkeyWor ds and Expr essionsfile: a line of persons or things situated one behind another 纵队mummify: v. to dry up (become a mummy)register: v. record 记录, 登记to register the birth of a ba by’/to register the na mes of a bsent studentsThe court stenogra pher registered the tria l proceedings.damnably: adv. In a damnably mannerto be damna bly trea ted 遭到虐待packsaddle: a saddle designed to support the load carried by a pack animal 驮鞍bridle: n. a head harness for guiding a horse; it consists of stall, bit and reinshalter: n. a rope, cord, strap, etc. usually with a a headstall, for try ing or leading an animal, with or without a lead rope (缰绳)(马)笼头gut: (usu. Pl.) the bowels; entrails 内脏have the guts to do sth. 有胆量做某事plight:n. condition or state of affairs; esp. now, an awkward, sad, or dangerous situationtip: v.t to pour sth. from one place or container into anotherShe wiped out the flour a nd tipped it into a bowlThe comparison of fate between the donkey and the women*Donkey Women*no bigger than a St. Bernard dog tiny, mummified*Overloaded, working for weeks vast of load of wood* A willing creature accepted status as a beast ofburden*W hen dead, tipped into a buried simply, dumped into aditch, thrown to dogs hole, no name, no graveyard*People feel enraged at nobody feels sympathetic forthem, unnoticedBy describing the fate of donkey the author’s purpose is to arouse the sympathy and anger of the readers for ‚peo ple‛, People are also cruelly treated but they are not noticed, simply invisible P aragraphing & Interpreting(para 19)All of them are mummified with age and the sun, and all of them are tiny.Yea rs of ha rd work a nd heat of the sun ha ve dried up the old women. They look like mummiesShe accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say as a beast of burden.She took it fro gra nted tha t a s a n old woma n she wa s the lowest in the community, sha t she wa s only fit for doing hea vy work like a n a nima l.(para 20) though they had registered themselves on my eyeballs I cannot truly say that I had seen them.His eyes must ha ve recorded the scene but he did not consciously observe wha t wa s ha ppening (for he did not see the old woma n ca rrying the hea vy load of firewood)It carries a load which…too much for a fifteen-hands mule.fifteen-ha nds mule: a mule a bout 60 inches or f feet high.(para 21) This kind of things makes o n e’s blood boil.metonymy. The cruel trea tment of the donkey makes one very angry.People with brown skin are next door to invisible.People with brown skins a re a lmost invisible.It is generally owing to some kind of accident…If people ever notices the old women, it is a sheer chance.Scene 6: the soldiers (para 22-26)The negro’s attitude to wards the whitesWor ds and Expr essionsstork: n. any of a group of large, long-legged wading birds, having a long neck and bill, and related to herons 鹳infantry: soldiers who fight on battle 步兵clump: v. to cause to form the sounds of heavy footstepsGra ndpa clumped a long in his boots.clatter: n. A rapid succession of loud, sharp noises 急促的敲击声reach-me-down: adj. colloq. Second-hand or ready madesullen: showing resentment, sulky; glum 揾怒的,闷闷不乐的syphilis: n. an infectious venereal disease, caused by a spirochete and usu. transmitted by sexual intercourse or acquired congenitally 梅毒charger: n. a horse ridden in battle or on parade 战马,军马garrison: n. troops stationed in a fort or fortified place 驻军reverence: n. feeling or attitude of deep respect, love and awe, as for sth. sacred;glitter: v. to shine with a sparkling light; glisten; sparkle; be bright*Squash –vt. 压坏,捏坏,e.g. She sa t on his ha t and squa shed it.He squa shed the insect with his finger.This pa cka ge wa s squa shed in the ma il.*Squash –vi.e.g. Soft fruits squa sh ea sily. (a gla ss of ora nge squa sh)This ha t squa shes ea sily.*Squash –vi. vt (使劲)挤e.g. She squa shed into the crowded tra in.D o n’t a ll try to squa sh into the lift together.He squa shed his clothes into a box.* Squash –vt. (使不说话/谈)e.g. W hen I tried to speak, he squashed me.He is try ing to squash the story of the defeat.* S l ump –vi. 沉重地倒下[践踏]e.g. He slumped in his cha ir a sleep.Tired from his wa lk, he slumped into a cha ir.The boy’s feet slumped repea t edly through the corridor.* S l ump –vi. (质量,价格等)下降, (买卖)清淡起来e.g. Her work slumped because of personal problems.The company ’s shares slumped last month.Business has slumped.*S lump—n.e.g. The economy went into a severe slump.When there is a slump in a country it is difficult to do tra de, a nd ma ny people a re out ofwork.There was a serious slump in the 1930s.Pa r a gr a phing & Inter pr e tingIn this part, the author shows the mentality o f the colonized by describing the boy ’s look.(para 23) Their splendid bodies … curiously sensitive black faces were glistening with swea t.The Senega lese soldiers were wea ring rea dy-ma de kha ki uniforms which hid their bea utifully well-built bodies. Their feet were squeezed into boots wha t were too sma ll a nd were fla t a nd squa re like blocks of wood and their hea ds were a lso squeezed into tiny tin ha ts which seemed to be a little too sma ll for them.The words ‘splendid’a nd ‘sensitive’show the author ’s positive a ttitude towa rds them. This pa ra gra ph revea ls the poor conditions of the soldiers.(para 24) It was the shy, wide-eyed Negro look, which actually is a look of profound respect.wide-eyes: with the eyes opened widely, a s beca use of surprise, fea r, la ck of sophistica tion.The Negro genera lly looks a t the white ma sters with his eyes opened widely showing ba shfulness, fea r, unea siness, etc. it is a docile, subservient look.(para 24) This wretched boy, who is a French citizen and has therefore been dragged from the forest to scrub floors and ca tch syphilis in garrison townsThis misera ble bla ck boy is, a s a result of the coloniza tion of his country, a French citizen.Therefore he ha s been conscribed a nd forced to lea ve his home in the forest to come to a ga rrison town where he will ca tch syphilis.(para 25) In this connection it doesn’t matter twopence if he calls himself a socialist.it doesn’t ma t ter twopence: i t does not ma t ter a t a l l.Every white ma n, even those who ca ll themselves socia lists ca n’t help but think this thought when he sees a black a rmy ma rching pa st.(para 26) And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the longcolumn , … like scraps of paper.Wa tching the one-or-two miles long column of soldiers marching peacefully. Up the roa d wa s just like wa tching a flock of ca ttle. Ca ttle do n’t think, d o n’t a sk questions, but follow their ma sters blindly.These bla ck soldiers were just like ca ttle.Com m ent:Soldiers a re to serve the government. The Senega lese soldiers a resupporting the colonia l ma sters who a re cruelly exploiting the country.It sounds ironica l. Yet the young ma n, instead of ha ting the white men,a ctua lly holds a deep respect for them. The whole situa tion gives a depressing future of the country.SummaryThe text is a piece of objective exposition of the poverty, misery anddegradation of the inhabitants in Marrakech. The ordinary local funeral,which treats the dead as animals, is merely one episode of the miserablelives of native people. However, this fact is the basis upon which all theimperialists build up their empires. The author illustrates the followingfacts to show the plight of the inhabitants. An Arab navvy , an employeeof the municipality, begs for a piece of brea d which is formerly the foodof the gazelles. In the unsanitary ghettoes which are crowded with Jews,people overwork in a wretched situation, but they cannot possibly afforda piece of cigarette. The brown laborers working in the barren fields in abackward way are partly invisible to the white colonists who are insensi-tive to the suffering all around them. The old women carrying fireworkare more invisible for their skinny a nd distorted figures. Ironically,oblivious to the miseries of the human beings, the white express moresympathy to the da mna ble fa t e of the donkeys. However, the colonized ,such as one of the Senagalese soldiers, bear blind deep respect for thewhite masters. This provokes the white to reexamine themselves as wellas their ways of treating the colonized people.Stylistic features* Generally speaking, Orwell describes objectively the suffering and misery of the colonial people inMarrakech, yet he manages to show that he is outraged at the spectacle of misery. He succeeds in imparting this feeling to his readers:a)through the clever choice of the scenes he describesb)through the appropriate use of words: concretec)through the tone in which he describes these scenes: objective, matter-of-factly, yet readers can see his anger beneath.d)by contrasting the indignation at the cruel handling of the donkey with the unconcern towards the fate of the human beings.e)figures of speech used: simile, metaphor, parallelism, repetition, rhetorical question, synecdoche, analogy, transferred epithetDictation1.wail a chant2. hack an oblong hole3. inhabitants4. undifferentiated5. derelict6. medieval ghettoes7. fly -infested 8. warp out of shape 9. conspicuous10. frenzied rush 11. grope in the air 12. eroded soil13. desolate place 14. conserve water 15. mummified with age 16. invisibility 17. be infuriated18. plight of human beings 19. slump under weight 20. glisten with sweat 21. contemptuous 22. reverence 23. sullen 24. inquisitive 25. scraps of paper26. hummocky 27. prickly pear 28. bumpy 29. hindquarter30. nibble 31. sidle 32. stow 33. municipality34. skull-cap 35. booth 36. prehistoric 37. clamour38. self-contained39. grove 40. witchcraft 41. hobble42. damnably 43. bridle 44. packsaddle 45. halter46. reach-me-down 47. squash 48. syphilis 49. garrison 50 George Orwell。

高级英语Lesson 2 (Book 2) Marrakech 课件PPT

高级英语Lesson 2 (Book 2) Marrakech 课件PPT



His Life
– He is mush praised in the west partly because of
his anti-communist point of view. – He was born in India, father, a so called empirebuilder --serving the British government abroad.
George Orwell

the master of a superb, lucid (清晰的) prose style. an uncompromising individualist and political idealist famous for his political satires Orwell argued that writers have an obligation of fighting social injustice, oppression, and the power of totalitarian (极权主义的 ) regimes.
His Life
– He received good education in
Britain and studied in the most famous school “Eden”.
His Life
– Marrakech is one of the places he travelled to. His
2. Morocco (摩洛哥)
摩纳哥 地中海沿岸近法-意边界的独立公国。面积:约1.9平方千米。人口:约 31,800(2001)。居民大多是法国人,有少数意大利人。只有不到15%的居民为 摩纳哥后裔。语言:法语(官方语言)。宗教:天主教。货币:法郎。 A small principality located in the south of France in the hills above the Mediterranean Sea.

高级英语Lesson 2 (BooK 2) Marrakech 课后练习级答案

高级英语Lesson 2 (BooK 2) Marrakech 课后练习级答案

EXERCISES 2Ⅰ. Write short notes on: Marrakech and Morocco.Suggested Reference Books [SRB]1. any standard gazetteer2. Encyclopaedia BritannicaⅡ.Questions on content:1. Instead of telling the reader that the natives are poor, Orwell shows poverty in at least five ways. Identify them.2. How are people buried in Marrakech?3. Explain the sentence, "All colonial empires are in reality founded upon that fact."(para 3)4. What do you think medieval ghettoes were like?5. Why does the writer say, "A good job Hitler wasn't here"?6. What kind of people, according to Orwell, are partly invisible? Why does he stress this point?7. How was land cultivated in Morocco?8. Why was the old woman surprised when the writer gave her a five-sou piece?9. What did every white man think when he saw a black army marching past?Ⅲ. Questions on appreciation:1. The things of value, Orwell says in "Why I Write, " are always political. Is this essay political? Has the writer said anything of value?2. Orwell describes human suffering and misery rather objectively. How then can you tell that he is outraged at the spectacle of misery?3. Why does the writer reveal his feelings about the donkeys but conceal his feelings about the people? ,What effect does this contrast have on the reader?4. Could paras 4-7 just as well come after 8-15 as before? Could other groups of paragraphs be rearranged? What does this indicate about the organization? What gives the essay coherence?5. Does this essay give readers a new insight into imperialism? Has the writer succeeded in showing that imperialism is an "evil thing" ?6. Comment on Orwell's lucid style and fine attention to significant descriptive details.Ⅳ. Paraphrase:1. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth, like a derelict building-lot. (para 2)2. All colonial empires are in reality founded upon that fact. (para3)3. They rise out Of the earth, they sweat and starve for a few years, and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard (para3)4. A carpenter sits crosslegged at a prehistoric lathe, turning chair-legs at lightning speed. (para 9)5. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews (para 10)6. every one of them looks on a cigarette as a more or less impossible luxury (para 10)7. Still, a white skin is always fairly conspicuous. (para 16)8. In a tropical landscape one's eye takes in everything except the human beings. (para 16)9. No one would think of running cheap trips to the Distressed Areas. (para 17)10. for nine-tenths of the people the reality of life is an endless, backbreaking struggle to wring a little food out of an eroded soil (para 17)11. She accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say as a beast of burden. (para 19)12. People with brown skins are next door to invisible. (para 21)13. Their splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniforms (para 23)14. How long before they turn their guns in the other direction? (para 25)15. Every white man there had this thought stowed somewhere or other in his mind. (para 26)Ⅴ. Translate paras 20 and 21 into Chinese.Ⅵ. Look up the dictionary and explain the meaning of the itali-cized words:1. wailing a short chant over and over again (para 2)2. an Arab navvy working on the path nearby (para 6)3. he stowed it gratefully (para 7)4. his left leg is warped out of shape (para 9)5. as the Jews live in a self-contained community (para 11)6. the plough is a wretched wooden thing (para 18)7. all of them are mummified with age and the sun (para 19)8. their splendid bodies were hidden in reach-me-down khaki uniforms (para 23)9. so had the officers on their sweating chargers (para 26) Ⅶ. Discriminate the followi ng groups of synonyms:1. wail, cry, weep, sob, whimper, moan2. frenzy, mania, delirium, hysteria3. glisten, glitter, flash, shimmer, sparkleSuggested Reference Books [ SRB ]1. Webster's New World Dictionary of the American Language2. Webs ter’s New Dictionary of Synonyms3. Reader's Digest, Use the Right WordⅧ. Study the formation of the following compound nouns and list 5-10 examples of each:1. burying-ground2. gravestone3. mid-air4. overcrowding5. nine-tenthsSuggested Reference Books [ SRB ]1. any standard dictionary2. any book on lexicology or word buildingIX. In this essay, the writer makes effective use of specific verbs. List 10 specific verbs you consider used most effectively and give your reasons.Ⅹ.Each of the following sentences may be made more compact by proper subordination. Rewrite them, using subordinate clauses, appositives, prepositional or verbal phrases:1. The British army had lost all its equipment at Dunkirk, and there was only a single armored division left to protect the home island.2.The dry prairie land will drift away in dust storms, but it is still being plowed for profitless wheat farming.3.The educational program may succeed, but it has to have more than mere financial support from the government.4.They have wasted their natural resources, but they should have protected and conserved them.5.The Caldwell family opened the first rough trail and soon other settlers were coming.6. The Smithsonian Institution is constantly working for a better understanding of nature for man's benefit, and it gets little or no publicity.7. Queen Mary was easily shaken by passions. They were both passions of love and passion of hatred and revenge.8. I dreaded opening the door of his office, but it was only fora few days.9. It was early morning and there was a fog and so I crawled out and made my way to the beach.10. I left the door of the safe unlocked and took the leather bag of coins and walked down the street toward the bank.Ⅺ .Read the following paragraphs and then answer the questions: 1) What is the topic sentence? 2) Has the writer succeeded in achievingunity? Give your reasons.1. Life on the farm is an eternal battle against nature. There is always the rush to harvest the crops and to get next year' s grain planted before the fall rains start. To get this accomplished the farmer must be out at work by daybreak. Fruits and vegetables have to be gathered before the early frost; hence everyone is bustling around from morning till night. Fall is beautiful when the leaves on the trees change color and then fall off. Winter sends its warming cover over the froze ground. This causes the animals to hunt for something to eat. There is nothing, so the farmer has to feed them. After his day's work is done, the farmer puts on his slippers, reclines on the davenport in front of the fireplace, and spends a peaceful evening reading. Within a few months spring begins with its beautiful flowers and green grass. The cows give more milk so the farmer has more work to do. After the first spring rain, the corn must be cultivated. As summer ap-proaches the farmer begins to worry for fear that the sun will come up and cook the grain before it is fully developed, or maybe a thunderstorm will come up thus causing his hay crop to rot.2. There are three reasons why I like Japanese food. When I was growing up I never ate Japanese food, since we lived in a part of Texas where there were no Orentals, but now I really like it. One of the best things about Japanese food is that it consists primarily of meat and vegetables, so that it's not at all fattening. However, most Japanese love rice. One of my Japanese friends has at least two bowls of rice at every meal. Another reason for liking Japanese food is that it's always beautifully served, even at lower-priced restaurants. Every dish is a work of art: the chicken yakitori is presented on a gleaming platter crisscrossed with skewers of meat and vegetables, and the shrimp tempura comes on a lovely little bamboo tray. For the American who wants to serve Japanese food like this, these platters and trays may be purchased at a local import store. My final reason for liking Japanese food is its exotic flavor. There is nothing in American or European cuisine quite like the flavor of sashimi (raw fish dipped in soy sauce and horseradish) or shabu-shabu, a meat and vegetable dish that you cook right at your own table by swishing the bite-sized pieces in a pan of seasoned boiling water. Also, from the male point of view, Japanese restaurants are attractive for another reason-- the beautiful little doll-like waitresses, who bow and smile shyly as they serve your food. With all this, is there any wonder Japanese food appeals to me?Ⅻ. Choose the right word from the list below for each blank:fell come did firedpulled feel sagged collapsegoes altered slobbered climbedwent paralysed settled droopingjolt seemed imagined knockfalling tower reaching trumpetedshake cameWhen I ________the trigger I did not hear the bang or____________the kick -- one never does when a shot ___________ home -- but I heard the devilish roar of glee that _________ up from the crowd. In that instant, in too short a time, one would have thought, even for the bullet to get there, a mysterious, terrible change had ________over the elephant. He neither stirred nor_______, but every line of his body had________ He looked suddenly stricken, shrunken, immensely old, as though the frightful impact of the bullet had_________ him without knocking him down. At last, after what _________ a long time -- it might have been five seconds, I dare say – he _______flabbily to his knees. His mouth _______An enormous senility seemed to have ______ upon him. One could have ______him thousands of years old. I _______again into the same spot. At the second shot he did not_______ but ______with desperate slowness to his feet and stood weakly upright, with legs sagging and head _______ . I fired a third time. That was the shot that _______for him. You could see the agony of it _____his whole body and ________ the last remnant of strength from his legs. But in ______ he seemed for a moment to rise, for as his hind legs collapsed beneath him he seemed to_______ upward like a huge rock toppling, his trunk _______skywards like a tree. He________, for the first and only time. And then down he ________, his belly towards me, with a crash that seemed to _________ the ground even where I lay.XIII. Topics for oral work:1. What can you infer about the author's political attitude from this essay?2. Do you like Orwell' s style? Give examples to support your XIV. Write a short composition describing objectively the suffering and poverty of pre-liberation China or of any city. Try to maintain an objective tone, but your real feelings should be ev- ident to the reader.习题全解Ⅰ . Marrakech: in west central Morocco, at the Northern foot of the high Atlas, 130 miles south of Casablanca, the chief seaport. The city renowned for leather goods, is one of the principal commercial centersof Morocco. It was founded in 1062 and was the capital of Morocco from then until 1147 and again from 1550 to 1660. It was captured by the French in 1912, when its modern growth began. It has extremely hot summers but mild winters. Yearly rainfall is 9 inches and limited to winter months. The city was formerly also called Morocco.Morocco: Located in North Africa, on the Mediterranean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. Morocco is the farthest west of all the Arab countries. Rabat is the capital. The estimated population in 1973 was 15,600,000. About 2000 B. C. it was settled by Berber tribes, who have formed the basis of the population ever since. The Arabs invaded Morocco in the 7thcentury, bringing with them Islam. From the end of the 17thcentury until the early 19th century Morocco was almost entirely free from foreign influence. But in 1912, a Franco- Spanish agreement divided Morocco into 4 administrative zones. It gained independence in 1956 and became a constitutional monarchy in 1957. Morocco is a member of the United Nations, the League of Arab States, and the Organization of African Unity. Moroccans are mainly farmers (70%)who try to grow their own food. They often use camels, donkeys and mules to pull their plows. In the south a few tribesmen still, wander from place to place in the desert.Ⅱ. 1. Here are five things he describes to show poverty- (a) the burial of the poor inhabitants (b)an Arab Navvy, an employee of the municipality, begging for a piece of bread (c)the miserable lives of the Jews in the ghettoes~ (d)cultivation of the poor soil; (e) the old women carrying fire wood.2. See paragraphs 1 and 2.3. All the imperialists build up their empires by treating the people in the colonies as animals instead of as human be rags.4. Medieval ghettoes were probably like the Jewish quarters in Marrakech--overcrowded, thousands of people living in a narrow street, houses completely windowless, and the whole area dirty and unhygienic.5. If Hitler were here, all the Jews would have been massacred.6. Those who work with their hands are partly invisible. It’s only because of this that the starved countries of Asia and Africa are accepted as tourist resorts. The people are not treated as human beings, and it is on this fact that all colonial empires are in reality founded.7. See paragraph 18.8. The old woman was surprised because someone was taking notice of her and treating her as a human being. She accepted her status as an old woman, that is to say, as a beast of burden.9, Every white man thought. "How much longer can we go on kidding these people? How long before they turn their guns in the otherdirection?" They knew they could not go on fooling these black people any longer. Some day they would rise up in revolt and free themselves. Ⅲ. 1. Yes, it is. In this essay Orwell denounces the evils of colonialism or imperialism by mercilessly exposing the poverty, misery and degradation of the native people in the colonies.2. He manages to show that he is outraged at the spectacle of misery, first, through the appropriate use of words second, through the clever choice of the scenes he describes; third, through the tone in which he describes these scenes and finally, by contrasting the indignation at the cruel handling of the donkey with the unconcern towards the fate of the human beings.3. Because that shows the cruel treatment the donkeys receive evokes a greater feeling of sympathy in the breasts of the white masters than the miserable fate of the people. This contrast have on the reader an effect that the people are not considered nor treated as human beings.4. Paragraphs 4-7 could as well come after 8-15 as before. Other groups of paragraphs could be rearranged. This indicates that the whole passage is made up of various independent examples or illustrations of the people's poverty and suffering. The central theme--all colonial empires are in reality founded upon thisfact--gives unity and cohesion to the whole essay.5. This essay gives a new insight into imperialism. Yes, he has succeeded in showing that imperialism is an "evil thing".6. Orwell is good at the appropriate use of simple but forceful words and the clever choice of the scenes he describes. His lucid style and fine attention to significant descriptive details efficiently conveyed to the readers the central idea "all colonial empires are in reality founded upon this fact", the fact that the people are not considered or treated as human beings.IV. 1. The buring-ground is nothing more than a huge piece of wasteland full of mounds of earth looking like a deserted and abandoned piece of land on which a building was going to be put up.2. All the imperialists build up their empires by treating the people in the colonies like animals (by not treating the people in the colonies as human beings).3. They are born. Then for a few years they work, toil and starve. Finally they die and are buried in graves without a name.4. Sitting with his legs crossed and using a very old-fashioned lathe, a carpenter quickly gives a round shape to the chair-legs he is making.5. Immediately from their dark hole-like cells everywhere a great number of Jews rushed out wildly excited.6. Every one of these poor Jews looked on the cigarette as a pieceof luxury which they could not possibly afford.7. However, a white-skinned European is always quite noticeable.8. If you take a look at the natural scenery in a tropical region, you see everything but the human beings.9. No one would think of organizing cheap trips for the tourists to visit the poor slum areas (for these trips 42V.Ⅵ.Ⅶ. would not be interesting).10.life is very hard for ninety percent of the people.With hard backbreaking toil they can produce a little food on the poor soil. 11.She took it for granted that as an old woman she was the lowest in the community,that。

高级英语2第三版unit2课文翻译+课后英译汉部分划线

高级英语2第三版unit2课文翻译+课后英译汉部分划线

高级英语2第三版unit2课文翻译+课后英译汉部分划线Unit 2 Marrakech马拉喀什见闻1、As the corpse went past the flies left the restaurant table in a cloud and rushed after it, but they came back a few minutes later.尸体被抬过去的时候,成群的苍蝇嗡嗡地飞离了餐馆的饭桌,尾随尸体去,几分钟后又嗡嗡地飞了回来。

2、The little crows of mourners – all me and boys, no women – threaded their way across the marker place between the piles of pomegranates and the taxis and the camels, wailing a short chant over and over again. What really appeals to the flied is that the corpses here are never put into coffins; they are merely wrapped in a piece of ray and carried on a rough wooden bier on the shoulders of four friends. When the friends get to the burying-ground they hack an oblong hole afoot or two deep, dump the body in it and fling over it a little of the dried-up, lumpy earth, which is like broken brick. No gravestone, no name, no identifying mark of any kind. The burying-ground is merely a huge waste of hummocky earth. Like a derelict building-lot. After a month or two no one can even be certain where his own relatives are buried.一支人数不多的送葬队伍-其中老老小小全是男的,没有女人——挤过一堆堆的石榴,穿行在出租车和骆驼之间,迂回着穿过市场,嘴里还一遍遍地哀号着一支短促的悲歌。

高级英语第二册lesson2重点词汇

高级英语第二册lesson2重点词汇

• 1. mourn‎e r: n.• perso‎n who atten‎d s a funer‎a l as a relat‎i ve or frien‎d of the dead•送葬者;哀悼者•mourn‎: v. griev‎e for哀悼• e.g.: The whole‎natio‎n had mourn‎e d (for) the death‎of their‎great‎leade‎r.•举国上下哀‎悼他们的伟‎大领袖。

•Silen‎t mourn‎i ng•Mourn‎for the decea‎s ed• 2. threa‎d: v. pass throu‎g h like a threa‎d穿过•threa‎d‎one’s‎way‎throu‎g h:• find, pick, one’s‎way‎throu‎g h (a crowd‎, stree‎t s, etc) 挤过(人群);穿过(街道)• e.g.: I threa‎d my way throu‎g h the crowd‎e d stree‎t s.•On holid‎a ys, if you go shopp‎i ng, you have to threa‎d your way throu‎g h the crowd‎, which‎is very annoy‎i ng somet‎i mes.•如果节假日‎里去购物,不得不在人‎群中挤,这有时很烦‎人。

• 3. wail: v. cry in a loud, usual‎l y shril‎l voice‎悲伤地哭泣‎或哀嚎• e.g.:1) She was waili‎n g for her lost child‎.她为失去的‎孩子哭泣。

• 2) wails‎(over)‎one’s misfo‎r tune‎s•为自己的不‎幸而哀泣•3)The wind waile‎d throu‎g h the trees‎.•风穿过树林‎发出似嚎叫‎的声音。

高级英语第二册第二课Marrakech

高级英语第二册第二课Marrakech

• They rise out of the earth,… are gone. • They are born. Then for a few years they work, toil and starve. Finally they die and are buried in graves without a name,and nobody notices that they are dead.

• flesh: • mankind,human beings
• undifferentiated brown stuff: • sth brown in color with no individual characteristics.
• coral:珊瑚的; 珊瑚色的 • coral insects:珊瑚虫
• alliteration (押头韵) • showing the monotonous life.
• sink into:渗入; 陷入; 沉入; 把…投入
• The facts don't seem to sink into his
head. • 他似乎没有牢记这些事实。
• mound (n.) : a pile of earth or stones that looks like a small hill 土堆;土丘; 坟堆
• Sometimes, out for a walk as you break your way through the prickly pear, you notice that it is rather bumpy underfoot, and only a certain regularity in the bumps tells you that you are walking over skeletons.”
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马拉喀什见闻乔治·奥威尔一具尸体抬过,成群的苍蝇从饭馆的餐桌上瓮嗡嗡而起追逐过去,但几分钟过后又非了回来。

一支人数不多的送葬队伍——其中老少尽皆男性,没有一个女的——沿着集贸市场,从一堆堆石榴摊子以及出租汽车和骆驼中间挤道而行,一边走着一边悲痛地重复着一支短促的哀歌。

苍蝇之所以群起追逐是因为在这个地方死人的尸首从不装进棺木,只是用一块破布裹着放在一个草草做成的木头架子上,有四个朋友抬着送葬。

朋友们到了安葬场后,便在地上挖出一个一二英尺深的长方形坑,将尸首往坑里一倒。

再扔一些像碎砖头一样的日、干土块。

不立墓碑,不留姓名,什么识别标志都没有。

坟场只不过是一片土丘林立的荒野,恰似一片已废弃不用的建筑场地。

一两个月过后,就谁也说不准自己的亲人葬于何处了。

当你穿行也这样的城镇——其居民20万中至少有2万是除开一身聊以蔽体的破衣烂衫之外完全一无所有——当你看到那些人是如何生活,又如何动辄死亡时,你永远难以相信自己是行走在人类之中。

实际上,这是所有的殖民帝国赖以建立的基础。

这里的人都有一张褐色的脸,而且,人数书如此之多!他们真的和你意义同属人类吗?难道他们也会有名有姓吗?也许他们只是像彼此之间难以区分的蜜蜂或珊瑚虫一样的东西。

他们从泥土里长出来,受哭受累,忍饥挨饿过上几年,然后有被埋在那一个个无名的小坟丘里。

谁也不会注意到他们的离去。

就是那些小坟丘本身也过不了很久便会变成平地。

有时当你外出散步,穿过仙人掌丛时,你会感觉到地上有些绊脚的东西,只是在经过多次以后,摸清了其一般规律时,你才会知道你脚下踩的是死人的骷髅。

我正在公园里给一只瞪羚喂食。

动物中也恐怕只有瞪羚还活着时就让人觉得是美味佳肴。

事实上,人们只要看到它们那两条后腿就会联想到薄荷酱。

我现在喂着的这只瞪羚好象已经看透了我的心思。

它虽然叼走了拿在手上的一块面包,但显然不喜欢我这个人。

它一面啃食着面包,一面头一低向我顶过来,再啃一下面包又顶过来一次。

它大概还因为把我赶开之后那块面包仍会悬在空中。

一个正在附近小道上干活的阿拉伯挖土工放下笨重的锄头,羞怯地侧着身子慢慢朝我们走过来。

他把目光从瞪羚身上移向面包,又从面包转回到瞪羚身上,带着一点惊讶的神色,似乎以前从未建国这种情景。

终于,他怯生生的用法语说道:“那面包让我吃一点吧。

”我撕下一块面包,他感激地把面包放进破衣裳贴身的地方。

这人是市政当局的雇工。

当你走过这儿的犹太人聚居区时,你就会知道中世纪犹太人区大概是个什么样子。

在摩尔人的统治下,犹太人只能在划定的一些地区内保有土地。

受这样的待遇经过了好几个世纪后,他们已经不再为拥挤不堪而烦扰了。

这儿很多街道的宽度远远不足六英尺,房屋根本没有窗户,眼睛红肿的孩子随处可见,多的像一群群苍蝇,数也数不清。

街上往往是尿流成河。

在集市上,一大家一大家的犹太人,全都身着黑色长袍,头戴黑色便帽,在看起来像洞窟一般阴暗无光,苍蝇麋集的摊篷里干活。

一个木匠两脚交叉坐在一架老掉牙的车床旁,正以飞快的速度旋制椅子腿。

他右手握弓开动车床,左脚引动旋刀。

由于长期保持着种姿势,左脚已经弯翘变形了。

他的一个年仅六岁的小孙子竟也在一旁开始帮着干一些简单的活计了。

我正要走过一个铜匠铺子时,突然有人发现我点着一支香烟。

这一下子那些犹太人从四面八方的一个个黑洞窟里发疯四地围上来,其中有很多白胡子老汉,都吵着要讨支烟抽。

甚至连一个盲人听到这讨烟的吵嚷声也从一个摊篷后面爬出来。

伸手在空中乱摸。

一分钟光景,我那一包香烟全分完了。

我想这些人一天的工时谁都不回少于十二小时,可是他们个个都把一支香烟看成是一见十分难得的奢侈品。

犹太人生活在一个自给自足的社会里,他们从事阿拉伯人所从事的行业,只是没有农业。

他们中有买水果的,有陶工、银匠、铁匠、屠夫、皮匠、裁缝、运水工,还有乞丐、脚夫——放眼四顾,到处是犹太人。

事实上,在这不过几英亩的空间内居住着的犹太人就足足有一万三千之多。

也算这些犹太人好运气,希特勒未曾光顾这里。

不过,他也许曾经准备来的。

你常听到的有关犹太人的风言风语,不仅可以从阿拉伯人那里听到,而且还可以从较穷的欧洲人那里听到。

“我的老兄啊,他们把我的饭碗夺走给了犹太人。

想必你也知道这些犹太人吧,他们才是这个国家真正的主宰。

我们的钱都进了他们的腰包。

银行、财政——一切都被他们控制住了。

”“可是,”我说道,“到多数普通犹太人不也是为了一点微薄的工钱而辛勤劳作的苦力吗?”“噢!那不过是做出样子来给人看的。

事实上他们都是些放债获利的富豪。

这些犹太人就是鬼得很。

”与此恰恰相似的是,几百年前,常常也有些苦命的老太婆被当成巫婆给活活烧死,然而事实上她们就连为自己变出一顿象样饭菜的巫术都没有。

所有靠自己的双手干活的人一般都有点不太引人注目,他们所干的活儿越是重要,就越不为人所注目。

不过,白皮肤总是比较显眼的。

在北欧,若是发现田里有一个工人在耕地,你多半会再看他一眼。

而在一个热带国家,直布罗陀以南或苏伊士运河以东的任何一个地方,你就可能看不到田里耕作的人。

这种情形我已经注意到多次了。

在热带的景色总,万物皆可一目了然,惟独看不见人。

那干巴巴的土壤、仙人掌、棕榈树和远方的山岭都可以尽收眼底,但那在地理耕作的农夫却往往每人看见。

他们的肤色就和地里的土壤颜色一样,而且远不及土壤中看。

正因如此,贫穷至极的亚非国家反倒成了旅游观光的胜地。

没有谁会有兴趣到本地的贫困地区去作依次毫无价值的旅行。

但在那些居住着褐色皮肤的人的地方,他们的贫困却根本没有人能注意大批。

摩洛哥对于一个法国人来说意味着什么呢?无非是一个能买到橘子圆或者谋取一份政府差使的地方。

对于一个英国人呢?不过是骆驼、城堡、棕榈树、外籍兵团、黄铜盘子和匪徒等富于浪漫色彩的字眼而已。

就算是在那儿呆过多年的人也未必会注意得到,对于当地百分之九十的居民来说,现实生活只意味着永无休止、劳累至极的斗争,其目的是从贫瘠的土壤中费力地弄出点吃的来。

摩洛哥的土地大半是一片荒凉,赖以生存的走兽至大者莫如野兔。

原先曾有的森林覆盖着的土地如今已成为光秃秃的荒漠,土壤跟碎砖头一般。

尽管如此,仍有大片大片的土地被人们开垦,劳动强度十分惊人。

一切活儿全靠手工完成。

排着长队的妇女们弯着腰像一个个倒过来的大写字母L一样,以便慢慢地在地里移动着身子往前走,一边用手去拔除带刺的野草。

农民采集苜蓿喂牲口时,不是用刀去割而是用手将一棵棵苜蓿连根拔起,免得割剩下来的一两寸的根茬白白浪费掉。

犁是用木头做的劣货,一点也不结实,一个人可以毫不费力的扛在肩上。

犁的底部安着一个粗劣的铁尖子,只能犁进地里4英寸来深。

拉犁的牲口的力气也只有这么大。

通常是用一头牛和一头驴子套在一起拉犁。

这是因为两头驴子拉不动,而如用两头牛,耗费的饲料有太多。

农民们都没有耙地的耙,他们指示顺着不同的方向犁上几遍,弄出一道道垄沟来,然后再用锄头把整块田地做成一块块长条形的小畦,以利蓄水。

除了较为罕见的暴雨之后紧接着的那一两天外,这地方总是缺水。

农民们在地边上挖出一道道深达三十至四十英尺的沟渠以便把土层深处的涓涓细流汇集起来。

每天下午都有一对年迈的妇女背着柴草从我屋外的路上走过。

由于上了年纪而又饱经日晒,他们一个个都变得想木乃伊似的干瘪,而且身躯都是那么瘦小。

在原始社会里,妇女超过了一定的年纪便萎缩得如孩子般大小,这似乎是一种普遍的现象。

一天,一个身高不过四英尺的可怜人扛着老大的一捆柴草从我身边蹒跚而过。

我叫住她,往她手上塞了一枚面值五个苏的钱币(略多于1/4个旧便士)。

她的反应竟是一声近乎尖叫的哭喊,这喊叫含有感激的成分,主要还是出于惊讶。

我想,在她看来,我虽然会注意她,似乎是违反了自然法则。

对于自己作为一个老妇人,即作为一匹驮兽的地位,她是早已接受了的。

每当一家人出门远行时,往往可以看到父亲和已经成年的儿子骑着驴子在前边走,而一个老太婆则背着包袱步行跟在后面。

然而这些人的真正奇特之处还在于他们的隐身的特性。

一连几个星期,每天几乎在同一时候总有一队老妪扛着柴草从我房前蹒跚走过。

虽然他们的身影以映入我的眼帘,但老实说,我并不曾看见她们。

我所看见的是一捆捆的柴草从屋外掠过。

直到有一天我碰巧走在她们身后时,堆柴草奇异的起伏动作才使我注意到原来下面有人。

这才第一次看见那些与泥土同色的可怜老妪的躯体——枯瘦的只剩下皮包骨头、被沉重的负荷压得弯腰驼背的躯体。

然而,我踏上摩洛哥国土还不到五分钟就已注意到驴子的负荷过重,并为此感到愤怒。

驴子遭到荷虐,这是无疑的事实。

摩洛哥的驴子不过如一只瑞士雪山救人犬一般大小,可它驮负的货物重量在英国军队里让一头五英尺高的大骡子来驮都嫌过重。

而且,它还常常是一连几个星期不卸驮鞍。

尤其让人觉得可悲的是,它是世上最驯服听话的牲畜。

不需要鞍辔会僵绳。

它便会像狗一样更随着自己的主人。

为主人拼命干上十几年活后,它便猝然倒地死去,这时,主人就把它仍进沟里,尸体未寒,其五脏六腑便被村狗扒出来吃掉。

这种事情当然令人发指,可是,一般说来,人的苦难却没人理会。

我并非在乱发议论,只不过是指出一个事实而已。

这种人简直就是一种无影无行之物。

一头背上被磨得皮破肉烂的驴子人人见了都会同情,而那驮着大捆柴草的老妇人则往往要有某种偶然因素才会受到注意。

白鹳鼓翼被去时,黑人正行军南下——一列长长的满身征尘的队伍:步兵,炮队,接着又是更多的步兵,总共大约四五千人,正靴声橐橐,车声辚辚地蜿蜒前行。

他们是塞内加尔人,是非洲肤色最黑的人——黑得简直难以看清他们颈项上的头发从何处生起。

他们健硕的身躯罩在旧的卡其布制服里面,脚上套着一双看上去像块木板似的靴子,每个人头上戴着的钢盔似乎都小了一两号。

天气正热,队伍已经走了很长一段路,士兵们都被沉重的包袱压得疲惫不堪,敏感得出奇的黑脸颊上汗水闪闪发光。

当他们走过时,一个身体欣长,年纪很轻的黑人回头后顾,和我的目光相遇。

他的那种目光完全超出人们意料之外。

既不带敌意,又不含轻蔑,也没有愠怒,甚至连好奇的成分都没有。

那是一种羞怯的,瞪圆双眼的黑人的目光,实际上就是一种表示深厚敬意的目光。

这种情况我是了解的。

这可怜的小伙子,因为成了法国公民,所以被从森林里拉出来送到军队驻扎的城镇去擦洗地板,并染上了梅毒。

他对于白种人的确是满怀敬意的。

过去别人教导他说白种人是他的主人,对此他至今深信不疑。

然而,无论哪一个白人(哪怕是那些自称为社会主义者的人也不例外),当他望着一支黑人军队从身边开过时,都会想到同一桩事:“我们还能愚弄他们多久?他们倒戈相向的日子离现在还有多远?”真是怪有意思的。

在场的每一个白人心里都有着这样一个共同的心思。

我有,其他旁观者也有,骑在汗涔涔的战马上的军官们有,走在队伍中的白人军士也有。

这是大家心里都明白而有彼此心照不宣的秘密,只有那些黑人对此尚茫然不知。

看着这列一两英里长的队伍静静地向前开进,真好像看着一群牛羊一样,而那掠过它们头顶、朝着相反方向高翔的大白鹳恰似片片碎纸在空中泛着点点银光。

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