高考英语词汇辨析全解篇
高考英语常用词汇辨析(精)
高考英语复习精典素材――历年高考完形填空常用词汇动词类:1“看”look看的动作/ see看的结果; watch观察/observe为了研究进行的观察; Notice注意catch sight of 看见/ stare好奇地看/ glare瞪着看Glance瞅见/glimpse瞥见see a film watch TV2“说”telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth告诉的内容talk with sb about sth强调说话者之间的交流Say sth诉说的内容speak in English说的语言whisper sth to sb 耳语Inform sb of sth 通知某人某事reason /talk/persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事Bargain讨价还价chat聊天repeat重复explain 解释warn警告remind提醒Discuss 讨论debate辩论figure 指出declare宣布claim自称mention 提起admit 承认deny 否绝describe描述announce 公布introduce 介绍complain抱怨3“叫”cry哭叫call叫shout大喊scream尖叫moan呻吟sigh叹气quarrel大吵4“问”ask 询问interview 采访express表达question审问5“答”answer回答respond回应(用其他方式回应) reply回复6 “听”listen to听的动作hear听的结果pick up 收听overhear无意听到7“写”dictate听写write sth 写describe描写drop a line 写信draw画take down/write down写下,记下8“拿/放”take拿走bring拿来hold举着carry 扛,挑(无方向性)fetch拿来拿去lift举Put放lay 铺/放置pull拉/push推9“抓”take hold of 抓着seize紧抓grasp 握住scratch 抠10“打”hit一次性的打击beat不间断的打击strike 突然的击打/突然想到blow吹刮attack攻击11“扔”throw扔drop掉放弃错过fall 倒下无意掉下来wave 招手shake摇12“送”send寄送deliver递送give给offer 主动给予see off给某人送行13“摸/抱”touch摸/fold折叠/embrace拥抱/ hug 抱/hold 握in one’s arms14“踢/碰”kick踢/knock敲/ tip 轻敲15“行”walk run climb jump skip 单腿跳slip 溜come/go enter进入move搬迁drive开车ride 骑fly crawl 匍匐前进16“坐”sit down be seated seat oneself take a seat/ stand站,耸立/ lean斜靠17“睡/休息”lie /on one’s back/ on one side/ on one’s stomach stay in bed have a rest take a nap打盹be asleep bend turn over翻身rest18“笑”smile 微笑(不出声)laugh burst into laughter burst out laughing19“哭”cry shed tears 留泪weep呜咽地哭sob 抽泣burst into tears /burst out crying20“找/查”find找到look for正在找过程find out 查明discover/explore 发现/探索hunt for search for seek / seek for in search of寻找Search sb 搜身search sp. for sth 为某物而搜寻某地Check检查,核实examine 考察发现问题/体检test检测,检验inspect视察21“穿”put on 动作wear穿戴have on试穿be dressed in 穿的状态make-up化装get changed换衣服be in red Take off脱remove 去除22“吃/喝”eat/drink sip吮吸have a meal have supper toast tastetreat sb to请某人吃help oneself to 随便吃23“得”get obtain acquire获得知识和技能gain possess24“失”lose 丢了be lost /be missing人错过失踪,不见gone不见(物)great loss die die off相继死去die away 逐渐消失25“有”have 有own是自己的conquer征服occupy占有=possess26“无”nothing left the remaining thing disappear be missing /gone27“增/减”rise / go up /drop人主动抬价raise /bring down /reduceincrease/decrease28“买/卖”buy purchase afford pay pay off pay for sell on sale bargainBill / cheque / cash/ credit card notes/ coins discounts29“存在/消失”come into being exist appear survive live show turn upDisappear die die out pass away be out of sight30“变化”develop improve become grow go+ bad /wrong/ sour /without(negative adj.)turn + colour change /change into reform31“认识的过程”feel sense guess suppose wonder doubt know /learn realizeUnderstand remember be familiar with recall recite apply to32“成功/失败”make it succeed make progress come true realize one’s dream winLose fail to do failure defeat suffer loss beat turn sth. Into reality33“努力”try /manage make efforts attempt do ones best do as much as one can to do34祝贺congratulations on sb celebrate observe 庆祝get together 聚会35赞美/批评praise think highly of / blame sb for sth/ sb is to blamecriticize /scold sb. for sth. have a low opinion of sb Speak ill of36喜/恶like love be fond of be keen on be crazy about adore be into prefer enjoy in favor of Dislike hate be awful/disgusting ignore turn off37判断think believe consider find feel conclude infer doubt38到达arrive at reach return to get to stay in sp visit leave leave foron one’s way to upon one’s arrival on doing sth 39受伤hurt injured wound cut kill drown bleed get burnt suffer fromsuffer a loss40损坏damage destroy ruin break down be broken crash41修复repair rebuild restore fix recover oneself42支持/反对agree disagree accept receive refuse turn downbe against elect vote for/ against43 做饭cook wash cut chop boil fry steam make mix clean brush cover uncover cooker 44 建议advise suggest recommend urge propose demand persuade 说服45 花费sth/doing sth+cost sb+spend+ in doing sth Sb+afford +n/to do sthIt +take some time/ money/energy +to do sth sb+ pay+$ for sth. at one’s expense46 省/存钱save /save up set aside put away spare no effort/ time47 参加take part in join /join in attend compete in/ for/against48控告accuse sb. of charge sb. With49 救治help /help out save /rescue sb from sth. Treat过程/ cure 结果sb. Of sthAid sb in doing sth / to do sth help sb with sth assist sb in doing sth50敬佩admire respect show respect for/to adore envy /be jealousy in honor of51逃避ran away escape from flee hide52 阻止/禁止prevent / keep/ stop sb. From doing sth forbid doing sth. Ban prohibit53 对付/处理handle / do with / deal with /tackle/overcome sth solve settle54 效仿copy imitate learn from learn54 爆发/发生come about happen to take place break outburst out go off explosion55安装/装备fasten fix set equipbe armed with 用什么武装be equipped with装备有56 追求pursuit ran after seek after chase catch up with赶上keep up with跟上57 想/考虑think of 考虑/+as把什么看成think about 想起considerthink over仔细考虑be concerned 担心be considerate towards sb.58 打算plan / intend / design to do be going to do /be about to do /will do59 似乎/好象seem appear look like as if as though60 开办/关闭open start set up close/close up end close down名词类“1假期vacation holiday spring break ask for leavebe on holiday have two days off2旅游trip journey tour voyage travel tourist passenger go camping/picnicking/hiking3职务人员clerk secretary passer-by friend minister manager waitress guest host hostessAssistant customer adult neighbor relative patient /vet staff crew nurse teacherConductor tailor sailor inventor gardener guard4餐馆/定餐/就餐inn restaurant kitchen menubill order tip fork and knife reserve /book table Taste delicious salad dash vegetables fruit tray napkin5诊所/看病/服药clinic hospital take one’s temperature take medicine/pills have a fever/flu/headache doctor physician surgeon specialist patient6车站/机场airport on board miss the train/bus catch a train meet sb.7身体部位arm head hair brain waist back shoulder pulse wrist8意志will courage patience determination faith effort confidence ambition energy9才能/品质talent gift ability potential intelligent promising smart stupid careful proudStrict honest cold serious easy-going learned knowledgeable10优缺点advantage disadvantage strength weakness11目标aim goal intention purpose belieffaith12方式means method way manner approach13身体素质strong weak pale sick ill be well keep slim/ fit cut weight/put on weight14图表photo picture graph drawing table line/bar graph pie chart draw a sketch 划草图15文章reading translation essay poem papernovel/fiction article magazine newspaper journal 日志diary日记Files form make a list of16课堂class course lecture example reason message notes words phrase scholarship degreeSubject question trouble difficulty grades read comment marks17 学校活动match game activity hold a meeting /debate /speech/ ceremony18建议/观点advice suggestion idea proposal view recommandation19气候/天气climate weather storm windy cloudy rainy snow hot/cold/freezing/heat/warmth20交通by train/bus /boat bike on the train/bus /a bike drive a car ride a bikegive sb. a lift/ride21习惯habit custom get used to regular有规律的(形容词)practice惯例(名词)22感觉sight hearing touch smell sense23情感feeling emotion anger delight sadness sorrow24 财富money possessions wealth belongings fortunes treasure diamond be rich/well-off25 运动比赛on the playground on the track and filed pitch event game match sports player Coach judge jogging weightlifting play volleyball/soccer/ 26衣服clothes, cloth, clothing clothes统指各种衣服,谓语动词永远是复数,cloth指布,为不可数名词clothing 服装的总称,指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of27事件incident, accident incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故形容词类1人的各种感受乐happy delighted to one’s joy pleased amused 悲sad unhappy painful bitter平静calm quiet silent/still peaceful烦bother bored be fed up with震惊surprised astonished shocked /amazed怕in fear be frightened /scared /afraid失望desperate disappointed hopeless be depressed 满意be satisfied with /be content to do生气Annoyed angry disgusting burst into rage2 表程度的副词类narrowly/ Nearly/ almost hardly/ hard extremely/ very very/ quiteAccidently/ once in a while occasionaly/ once far / by farFarther/ further better/ worse be well/ good however/ therefore/so/thus….易考的近义词组Run/ manage grow/ plant leave/remainfit/ suit/ matchHit/ beat/strike meet/ satisfy touch /feelplay /performerContain/ hold /seat/ fill lie/sit/locate help/work/ doFall/ sink/ drop matter/ problem /trouble/money/ accountCause/ reason that’s why/ that’s because because/ since,as/ forLast/ continue keep/ stay/ treat/ cure/ operate separate/ divideStand/ bear/tolerate/hold turn/become/gochange/vary/rangeProvide/supply/offer/ give/send高考英语常用词汇辨析Aabout around round 作副词时都含“四处”、“遍地”的意思。
历年真题词义辨析讲义-2023届高考英语复习
第一组:recognize, realize, remind, remember出处:2020年31题考察:形近词辨析解析:1recognizev.辨认出,识别出②realizev.意识到,实现realize one^ dream实现某人的梦想⑶remind v.提醒remind sb. to do sth.提醒某人做某事remind sb. of sth.提醒某人关于某事Z rememberv.记得remember to do sth.t己得去做某事rememberdoing sth.记得做过某事第二组:personality, personal, person, personally出处:2020年35题考察:person的变形词(形近词)解析:① person n.人pl. personsin person 亲自②personaladj.个人的③personallyadv.亲自地,当面⑷personalityn.个性,品格拓展:①personneln.人事2 private adj.私人的,私有的,私立的⑶individualadj.个人的;个别的n.个人(pl. individuals)第三组:considerable, consider, consideration, considerate出处:2020年40题考察:consider的变形词(形近词)解析:1considerv.考虑;认为considerdoing sth.考虑做某事consider sb./ sth. as/ to be 认为某物/某人是consideration n.考虑take sth. Into consideration 考虑到某物⑶considerate adj.考虑周到的,体贴的④ considerable adj.相当大的第一组:reason, reasonable, reasoning, reasoned出处:2012年49题考察:reason的变形词(形近词)解析:1)reason n.原因,理由reasonable adj.合理的2)reasoning n.推理,论证⑷reasoned adj.详尽论述的,合乎逻辑的第二组:appearance, face, look, back出处:2012年52题考察:近义词辨析解析:1)appearance n.外貌,外观face n.脸v.面对face to face 面对面face with 面对2)look n.面容;样子back n.后背第三组:same, alike, equal, particular出处:2012年57题考察:近义词辨析解析:1)sameadj.相同的be the same as 与相同2)alike adj相似的,相像的(常用作表语)equal adj.平等的,相等的be equal to等于;胜任4」particular adj,特别的,挑剔的第一组:either, neither, both, each出处:2015年44题考察:代词的用法解析:1)either两者中其中一个(常和or搭配使用)2)neither两者均不(常和nor搭配使用)3)both两者都(常和and搭配使用)4)each每一个(强调个体)拓展:every 每一个(强调全体)第二组:receive, accept出处:2015年47题、55题考察:近义词辨析解析:1) receive强调客观的收到2: accept强调主观的接受第三组:house, family, home, household出处:2015年54题考察:近义词辨析解析:1)housen.房子(强调建筑物)2)family n.家庭(看做整体,不可数)家人(看做集体名词,全体家庭成员)3)home n.家(抽象名词)4)household n. 全家人(强调住在同一所房子里的所有家人)第一组:personal, individual, personnel, private出处:2014年45题考察:近义词辨析解析:1)personal adj.个人的individual adj.个人的;个别的n.个人2)personnel n.人事;全体成员private adj.隐私的;私家的第二组:consent, consider, condemn, consult出处:2014年47题考察:相同前缀的形近词辨析(con- ——共同,一起;加强语气)解析:1)con-共同+-sent-感觉同感;同意con-共同+-sider坐考虑2)con-加强语气+-demn惩罚,伤害谴责con-加强语气+ -suit讨论,请教咨询,请教第三组:adapt, adopt出处:2014年49题考察:形近词辨析解析:1)adapt v.适应(to)改编(from)adopt v.采取;收养拓展:adept adj.擅长的,熟练的第四组:addition, relation, accordance, inclusion出处:2013年42题考察:相同后缀的形近词(-tion 名词后缀)第一组:mental, physics, physical, chemical出处:2017年34题考察:近义词辨析解析:1)mental adj .精神上的②physics n.物理学2)physical adj.物理的;身体上的⑷ chemical adj.化学的拓展:psychological adj .心理上的第二组:avoidable, critical, serious, necessary出处:2017年38题考察:同为形容词词性的近义词解析::1) avoidable adj,可避免的avoid v.避免avoid doing sth.避免做某事unavoidable adj.不可避免的2)critical adj.批评的;关键的3)serious adj.严重的;严肃的;认真的4)necessary adj.必要的necessity n.必需品第三组:motion, position, gesture, body language出处:2017年40题考察:近义词辨析(均表示“动作”)解析:1)motion侧重于整个身体的动作2)position侧重于“位置;姿势”第一组:few, a few, little, a little出处:2018年31题考察:形近词组和近义词组解析:1)few adj.几乎没有(否定)后加可数名词复数a few adj.一点(肯定)后加可数名词复数2)little adj.几乎没有(否定)后加不可数名词:4)a little adj.一点(肯定)后加不可数名词第二组:weather, neither, either, whether出处:2018年32题考察:形近词辨析解析:1)weather n.天气neither两者都不neither...nor... 既不, 也不2)either两者中其中一个either...or... 或者, 或者4)whether 是否第三组:informed, noticed, performed, acquired出处:2018年33题考察:相同后缀的形近词辨析(-ed表示动词过去式/过去分词)解析:1) inform v.通知inform sb. of sth.通知某人关于某事sb. be/ keep informed of sth.被通知2)notice v.注意到3)perform v.表现acquire v.获得。
高考英语词汇和短语汇编 常用词语辨析(2021年最新整理)
高考英语词汇和短语汇编常用词语辨析编辑整理:尊敬的读者朋友们:这里是精品文档编辑中心,本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的,发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对,但是难免会有疏漏的地方,但是任然希望(高考英语词汇和短语汇编常用词语辨析)的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。
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高考英语常用词语辨析1.affect, effect两词都有产生影响的意思,两词相应的名词又都是effect, 但两者有细微的差别。
affect作主语的词一般是物,而不是人,指一物对另一物的客观影响。
如:Smoking affects health.吸烟对健康有害.effect指蓄意的行为(或方法)产生预期效果,目的性明确,意为“产生、招致”。
如: His deeds effected the desired result.他的行为达到了预期的效果。
2.believe, trustbelieve 意为“相信某人所说的话”trust 指相信某人的品德、为人、能力等如:I believe you.我相信你所说的话。
I trust you.我信任你。
(I believe in you.)3.can't, mustn'tcan't 用于情态动词表推测,表示“一定不能”mustn’t 意为“一定不要,千万不要”表“禁止”如:The man you saw at the airport cannot be Tom.He is with me now.你在机场见到的那个人一定不是汤姆。
他现在和我在一起。
You mustn't play on the road.It's dangerous.你千万不要在路上玩。
高考英语专四词汇辨析
高考英语专四词汇辨析
高考英语专四词汇辨析
专四词汇辨析:整体的一部分
part, piece, section, division, portion, fraction, fragment, segment, share 这些名词均可表示“整体的一部分”之意。
part: 含义广,最普通用词。
常指整体中可大可小的一部分,也可指整体中可分开的独立部分。
piece: 指整体中的一些个体,尤指从某个整体上分出来的一部分。
section: 指整体中的分区,部分与部分之间有显著界限。
division: 通常指按类划分或分割成而的部分。
常含抽象意义。
portion: 侧重从整体中所分配到的.那一部分,含一定的独立意义。
fraction: 指包含在全体中的一部分,暗示微不足道的一部分。
fragment: 指因破裂、分割等产生的支离破碎、不规则的一部分。
segment: 指某物的特定部分或自然形成的部分,也指线形物品的一段。
share: 指共有的东西中应占有的一部分。
【高考英语专四词汇辨析】。
2021届高考英语核心词汇辨析与解析(三十)
2021届高考英语核心词汇辨析与解析(三十)1. eager /'iːgə/a. 渴望的,热切的拓展be eager to do... 渴望做……be eager for sth. 急于得到……be eager for sb. to do... 希望某人做……be eager that... 热切地希望……[从句常用“should do”]eagerness n. 渴望;热心eagerly a. 渴望的;热切/心的例句①We are eager for him to help us.我们渴望他帮助我们。
②They are too eager to show off their beautiful garden.他们急于炫耀他们漂亮的花园。
③Both stressed their eagerness to hear from readers and listeners on social networks.双方都强调他们渴望听到社交网络上的读者和听众的声音。
联想表达“急切/盼望(做)……”的短语还有:be anxious for/to do...,long for,be greedy for,be hungry for,be dying for/to do...,be thirsty for,be keen on/to do...等。
2. earn /ɜːn/vt. 挣/赚得;赢得拓展earn/make a living by/from靠……谋生earn one's living 谋生earn one's own living 自食其力earn money/a fortune 挣钱/大钱earn sb. praise/a reputation 为某人赢得赞扬/名声earnings n. 收入例句①His hard work earned him good money.他工作努力,使他得到一笔可观的钱。
高考英语核心词汇辨析与解析(十三)
高考英语核心词汇辨析与解析(十三)1. cheat/ tʃiːt/vt.&vi. 欺骗;骗取;作弊n. 骗子;欺骗拓展cheat sb.of (out of)sth.(向某人)骗取(东西)cheat sb.into……诱骗(某人)做……cheat in(at)……不老实;作弊,作假例句①He always cheats at cards if he can get away with it.只要不被人抓着,他玩牌总是作弊。
②The man cheated the old woman into buying an imitation pearl.这个人欺骗老太太卖给她一颗假珍珠。
2. check /tʃek/ n. & vt. 检查;校对,核对/实;支票(英cheque)拓展check in报到,办理登记手续check into 调查…,登记入住…check out付账,结账后离开,消账;检验check over检查check up(on)校对,检验,检查pay by check/cheque 用支票支付check-in n. 登记处;办理登记手续checkout n. 付款处,收银台;退房时间例句①Do look out for spelling mistakes when you check your homework.你检查作业时要当心拼写错误。
②The traveler checks (out) his luggage before leaving.旅行者在离开前检查他的行李。
串记Guests can check in at any time and must check out by midday. Before, going to bed, they should check the door for safety. If anyone feels ill, he can have a medical check in the hospitalnext to the hotel.客人可以随时入住,必须在中午之前退房。
高考常用英语词语辨析
高考常用英语词语辨析展开全文让我们共同成长“词语辨析”不是考试的重点,但一旦考到,又很要命,因为这些题目对任何学生都是难点。
教学上既不能用时过多,也不能忽视。
强记下列的100多组,高考基本上就够用了。
常用英语词语辨析1.elder 与elderly两者都为“年老的”,但有细微的差别。
elderly 指中年与暮年之间的年龄,表示人已过中年,因此,这词常用来代替old。
elder指年龄稍长者,适用于家庭的兄弟姐妹之间。
2.precious 和 expensiveexpensive 表示“昂贵的”。
precious 表示“珍贵的,宝贵的”。
3.regret to do 和 regret doingregret doing 表示“做了某事而感到遗憾或后悔”,v-ing 动作发生在regret 之前。
regret to do 指“当时或现在遗憾地做什么”。
4.day by day 和 day after dayday by day 只用作状语,表示“一天天地”, 有逐渐转变的意思。
day after day 可作主语,宾语等,亦可作状语,表示“一天又一天”,强调动作的重复,表示时间的长久。
5.damp 与 wet两者都表示“潮湿的”,但有细微差别。
wet 指曾浸泡在液体中或布满了液体的东西,或指多雨的天气。
如: It's a wet day. 今天是一个雨天。
/ wet clothes 湿衣服。
damp 指未湿透但潮湿的东西。
The damp in the air makes me uncomfortable. 潮湿的空气使我感到不舒服。
6.hunger 与 starvation两词都表“饥饿”。
hunger 指人对食物的迫切要求,是一种正常的生理现象。
starvation 指长时间缺乏食物引起痛苦,与hunger相比是不正常的生理现象,而是人为的灾难。
7.boring 与 dull , tiresomeboring 概念最广,尤指引起人厌倦、枯燥的谈话文章,也指令人生厌的人。
高考英语50个高级词汇重点突破-优生必备(单词解析+同义词辨析+例句)
高级词汇(1)1. alter v. 改变,改动,变更例句:There is something wrong with my layout, I have to alter it.我的设计图有点儿问题,我得修改一下。
单词辨析:alter、change、shift、convert的区别alter常用来表示轻微的、细节的改变,是自身细节上或外表的变化,而没有变成(change into)另一事物。
change这个词比较通用,可以指任何变化,也用于彻底改变,与原来完全不同。
它还可以作名词表示变化,以及零花钱。
shift表示变动的时候,多指位置、方向以及方式的改变。
它作名词时还可表示轮班、计谋、手段、变化等。
convert指进行全部或局部改变以适应新的功能或用途。
指信仰或态度时,强调较激烈、大的改变。
它作名词时就表示皈依者,或者改变信仰的人。
2. burst vi. n. 突然发生,爆裂讲解:burst作动词时不及物,所以接宾语时后面要加介词。
主要有两种形式:burst into+n. / burst out+doing例句:Because of the sad news, she burst into tears. /she burst out crying.因为这个令人难过的消息,她大哭起来。
3. dispose vi. 除掉;处置;解决;处理(of)讲解:dispose作为不及物动词,其后接宾语时要加介词of。
例句:Mum ordered me to dispose of these unfashionable clothes.老妈命令我把这些过时的衣服处理掉。
4. blast n. 爆炸;气流vi. 炸,炸掉讲解:blast作动词表示爆炸同explode,也可表示严厉批评(criticize),名词形式跟动词一致,相对应的近义词是explosion,criticism。
例句:Fortunately, no people injured in the blast.幸运的是,爆炸没有造成人员伤亡。
高考英语核心词汇辨析与解析(十六)
高考英语核心词汇辨析与解析(十六)1. confuse /kən'fjuːz/ v. 使混乱/困惑/糊涂;混淆拓展(1) confuse ... with/and ...把……与……混淆(2)confused adj. 混乱的;迷惑不解的,感到迷惑的get/be/become confused about对……迷惑不解be confused by 被……搞糊涂(3) confusing adj.令人困惑的;难懂的(4)confusion n. 困惑;混淆,混乱in confusion 困惑地;困窘地例句①Don't confuse him with his brother. They are much alike.别把他与他弟弟混淆了。
他们非常相像。
②Most of the children are still confused about the ending of the film.大部分孩子对这部电影的结尾仍感到困惑不解。
③Sometimes the same word has as lightly different meaning, which can be confusing.有时候,同一个单词在意义上一点细微的差别就让人困惑。
串记They confused me by asking so many confusing questions. I was totally confused,standing there in confusion, not knowing what to do.他们提了一大堆令人费解的问题,把我难住了。
我稀里糊涂,茫然地站在那儿,全然不知所措。
2. congratulate /kən'grætjʊleɪt/ v. 祝贺,向…道喜拓展(1)congratulate sb. on/upon(doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人祝贺congratulate oneself on sth. 为某事庆幸/感到自豪(2) congratulation n.祝贺;祝贺词(常用复数)offer/send one's congratulations to sb.(on sth.)(为某事)向某人表示祝贺express/accept one'scongratulations表示/接受某人的祝贺例句①You should congratulate yourself on having done an excellent job.你应该为你出色的工作感到自豪。
高考英语常考词汇辨析(1)
高考英语常考词汇辨析(1)1.refuse与deny当refuse作为及物/不及物动词表示“拒绝接受”时,不可与deny混用:I offered to pay him for his help but he refused(payment).他帮助了我,为此我提出要酬谢他,但是他拒绝接受(酬谢)。
但是,当refuse作为及物动词表示“拒绝给予”、“拒绝要求”时,它与deny 可以互相替换:Captain Fawcett has just refused/denied a strange request from a businessman.弗西特机长刚刚拒绝了一位商人的奇怪要求。
All those not holding tickets will be refused/denied entry.无票者不得入内。
deny最常用的含义是“否认(指控、做过某事等)”,refuse则没有这个意义:The secretary denies that she has stolen the letter.那秘书不承认她偷了那封信。
2.bring,take与fetchbring表示从某处将某物“带来”;take表示“拿走”;fetch则表示去某地将某物“取来”,是个双程的动作,(bring与take则表示单程的):If you're going to the kitchen, would you mind bringing me a glass of water please?如果你去厨房的话,请给我带杯水来好吗?Did he bring you a gift last Sunday?上星期天他给你带礼物了吗?Please fetch me a glass of water.请帮我取一杯水来。
Take this glass of water to your father.把这杯水拿给你父亲。
3.too与veryvery与too都表示程度,very的意思是“非常”、“很”,too表示“太”、“过于”:This bus is going very slowly.这辆公共汽车走得非常慢。
2024年高考真题和模拟题英语分类汇编:专题01 词类、短语辨析(解析版) (全国通用)
专题01 词类、短语辨析养成良好的答题习惯,是决定成败的决定性因素之一。
做题前,要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项,并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时,切忌跟着感觉走,最好按照题目序号来做,不会的或存在疑问的,要做好标记,要善于发现,找到题目的题眼所在,规范答题,书写工整;答题完毕时,要认真检查,查漏补缺,纠正错误。
总之,在最后的复习阶段,学生们不要加大练习量。
在这个时候,学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式,最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。
2024年高考真题1.【新课标Ⅰ卷】The latest ___engineering___ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____57____ (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝).57.【答案】functional【解析】考查形容词。
句意:最新的工程技术被用来创造一个同样美丽的保护功能结构。
空处修饰名词structure,应用形容词作定语functional,符合题意。
故填functional。
2.【新课标Ⅰ卷】In cold weather, the structure stays ____59____ (close) to protect the plants.59.【答案】closed【解析】考查形容词。
句意:然后在寒冷的天气里,这个结构保持关闭,以保护亚热带植物。
空处用于stays 之后作表语,应用形容词closed,表示“紧闭的”,符合题意。
故填closed。
3.【新课标Ⅰ卷】Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____walks____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____61____ first time.61.【答案】the【解析】考查冠词。
(全)高考英语-易混淆形近词单词辨析
高考英语-易混淆形近词单词辨析Advice/Advise Advice是不可数名词: Judy gave mark good advice. Advise 是副词: Jack advised Ben to avoid the questionable chicken salad. Affect/Effect Affect 普遍用作动词: Judy’s humming affected Mark’s ability to concentrate. Effect 常用作名词: Ben was sorry for the effect his humming had.其区别类似于“alter”or “result”即改变和结果。
Among/Amongst Among常见于美式英语. Amongst 常见于英式英语. Among/Between Among 用于表面几个对象之间松散的关系: Judy found a letter hidden among the papers on the desk. Between 用于表明一个对象与另外一个对象,或者几个对象之间的关系: Judy spent all day carrying messages between Mark and the other classmates.Assure/Ensure/Insure Assure 用于表示某事必然发生,或者真实性: Judy assured Ben that no one would cheat at Bingo. Ensure 值保证: Judy took steps to ensure that no one cheated at Bingo. Insure 指保险: Mark was glad the Bingo hall was insured against damage caused by rowdy Bingo players.Breath/Breathe Breath 名词指进出肺部的空气:Judy held his breath while Ben skateboarded down the stairs. Breathe 是动词呼吸: After Mark’s spectacular landing, Ben had to remind himself to breathe again.Capital/Capitol Capital 指大写字母,省会,资金: Judy visited Brasίlia, the capital of Brazil. Capitol 立法大楼,议会大楼: Judy visited the cafe in the basement of the capitol after watching a bill become a law. Complement/Compliment Complement 补充,补足,用来指搭配出现: Judy’s lime green boots were a perfect complement to his jacket. Compliment 奉承: Judy received many compliments on her purple fedora.Disinterested/Uninterested Disinterested 指无私: A panel of disinterested judges who had never met the contestants before judged the singing contest. Uninterested 指不感兴趣,讨厌: Judy was uninterested in attending Ben’s singing class.Defence/Defense Defense 美式英语. Defence 英式英语.Emigrate/Immigrate Emigrate 指离开某地: Ben’s grandfather emigrated from Canada sixty years ago. Immigrate 搬去某地: Mark’s sister immigrated to Ireland in 2004.E.g./I.e.同为拉丁语缩写, e.g.表示“for example,”而i.e. 指“that is.”Empathy/Sympathy Empathy 同感,共鸣。
2024届高考英语一轮复习词汇积累易混词辨析讲义
词汇积累——英语易混词辨析1. after, in这两个介词都可以表示“……(时间)以后”的意思。
after以过去为起点,表示过去一段时间之后,常用于过去时态的句子中。
如:She went after three days.她是三天以后走的。
in以现在为起点,表将来一段时间以后,常用于将来时态的句子中。
如:She will go in three days.她三天以后要走。
2. how long, how often, how soonhow long指“多长时间”,主要用来对一段时间(如three days, four weeks等)提问。
如:How long ago was it?这是多久前的事了?how often指“每隔多久”,主要用来对频率副词或状语(如once a week等)提问。
如:— How often does he come here?— Once a month.——他(每隔)多久来一次?——每月一次。
how soon指“再过多久”,主要用来对表示将来的一段时间(in an hour, in two weeks等)提问。
如:How soon can you come?你多快能赶来?3. few, a few, little, a little, several, somefew和little的意思是否定的,表示“很少”或“几乎没有”;而a few和a little的意思是肯定的,表示“有一些,有一点儿”。
few和a few修饰可数名词;little和a little修饰不可数名词。
several用于修饰可数名词,语意比a few和some更肯定,含有“好几个”的意思。
some可修饰可数名词,也可修饰不可数名词,从数量上说,它有时相当于a few 或a little,有时指更多一些的数量。
4. the other, anotherthe other指两个人或事物中的“另一个”,表示特指。
高中学生必备资料:高考英语考纲词汇用法详解(下)(英语通用)
高考英语考纲词汇用法详解(下)Mmachine[❍☜☞♓⏹]n. [C]机器,机械:This machine is worked by electricity. 这台机器是电动。
/I bought a washing machine. 我买了台洗衣机。
mad[❍✌♎]adj.疯狂的;狂热的,着迷的:He must be either mad or drunk. 他不是疯了就是醉了。
/He was mad at [with] me. 他对我很着迷。
madam[ ❍✌♎☜❍]n.夫人,女士:This way please, madam. 小姐,请这边走。
【说明】主要用作称呼语,是对妇女(已婚或未婚)的尊称,常用单数形式,复数一般用ladies 代之:Good morning, ladies. 女士们,早上好!madame[ ❍✌♎☜❍]n. [C](对妇女的尊称)夫人,女士:Madame Curie居里夫人【说明】主要用于讲法语或非英语民族的已婚妇女姓名前,其用法相当于Ms或Mrs:Madame Cartier卡蒂埃夫人magazine[ ❍✌♑☜♓⏹]n.[C]杂志:a monthly magazine月刊mail[❍♏✋●] n.[U]邮政,邮件,邮递vt.邮寄:He sent the letter to her by mail. 他把信寄给了她。
/Please mail the letter for me. 请帮我把这封信寄了。
mailbox[ ❍♏✋●♌♦] n.[C]信箱:put sth into the mailbox往信箱里放某物main[❍♏✋⏹]adj.主要的:Here are the main events in today’s news again. 现在重复一遍今天的新闻要点。
【说明】只用作定语,不用作表语,且没有比较等级。
major[ ❍♏✋♎✞☜]adj.较大的,主要的n.[C]少校:(美)(学院或大学的)主修课程,专业vi. 主修(大学里某一科目):He majors in history. 他主修历史。
(完整版)高考英语近义词辨析
高考近义词辨析1. clothes, cloth, clothingclothes统指各种衣服,谓语动词永远是复数,cloth指布,为不可数名词clothing 服装的总称,指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of2. incident, accidentincident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident.3. amount, numberamount后接不可数名词,number后接可数名词a number of students4. family, house, homehome 家,包括住处和家人,house房子,住宅,family家庭成员. My family is a happy one.5. sound, voice, noisesound自然界各种各样的声音,voice人的嗓音,noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.6. photo, picture, drawingphoto用照相机拍摄的照片,picture可指相片,图片,电影片,drawing画的画Let's go and see a good picture.7. vocabulary, wordvocabulary词汇,一个人拥有的单词量,word具体的单词He has a large vocabulary.8. population, peoplepopulation人口,人数,people具体的人China has a large population.9. weather, climateweather一天内具体的天气状况,climate长期的气候状况The climate here is not good for you.10. road, street, path, wayroad具体的公路,马路,street街道,path小路,小径,way道路,途径take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum.11. course, subjectcourse课程(可包括多门科目),subject科目(具体的学科)a summer course12. custom, habitcustom传统风俗,习俗,也可指生活习惯,后接to do,habit生活习惯,习惯成自然,后接of doing. I've got the habit of drinking a lot.13. cause, reasoncause 指造成某一事实或现象的直接原因,后接of sth./doing sth,reason用来解释某种现象或结果的理由,后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late14. exercise, exercises, practiceexercise运动,锻炼(不可数),exercises练习(可数),practice(反复做的)练习Practice makes perfect.15. class, lesson作"课"解时,两者可以替换.指课文用lesson. 指班级或全体学生用class. lesson 6; class 516. speech, talk, lecturespeech指在公共场所所做的经过准备的较正式的演说,talk日常生活中的一般的谈话,讲话,lecture学术性的演讲,讲课a series of lecture on…17. officer, officialofficer部队的军官,official政府官员an army officer18. work, job二者均指工作。
高考英语核心词汇辨析与解析(十四)
高考英语核心词汇辨析与解析(十四)1. collect /kə'lekt/ vt.收/采集(同gather);收藏;募集;取/接走拓展(1)collect money (for)(为……)募捐(2)collection n.收集;聚集;收藏品;募捐a collection of一批收藏的;许多的(3)collector n.收藏家;采集者collective adj.集体的;共同的n.集体;团体;全体人员例句①I tried to collect my thoughts but I was too excited.我想镇定下来,但是我太激动了。
②He is collecting money for famine relief.他正在为赈济饥民募捐。
③There is a collection of dust in an unused room.空着不用的房间积起了大量灰尘。
辨析collect,gather表示“搜集”“聚集”,二者有时可互换。
gather通常只表示把分散的人或物聚拢在一起,而collect则指有计划、有条理地为了某一目的而进行的较为精心的搜集,例如:He collects stamps.中的collects不可用gathers代替。
串记The collector has a large collection of rare coins and records. He plans to donate them to a charity collective to collect money for poor children.这位收藏家收藏了大量珍贵的硬币和唱片。
他计划把它们捐给一个慈善集体,为贫困儿童筹集资金。
2. colour(美color)n. 颜色;vt. 给…着/涂色拓展coloured a. 彩/有色的;着色的colourful a. 鲜艳的; 生动的; 富色彩的; 富有趣味的(反colourless)例句He arranged them as to size and colour.他按照它们的大小和颜色进行安排串记The teacher drew a map of China on the blackboard with coloured chalk. Hecolored it red, green, blue and so on. It looked colourful.老师用彩色粉笔在黑板上画了一幅中国地图。
2021届高考英语核心词汇辨析与解析(二十二)
2021届高考英语核心词汇辨析与解析(二十二)1. decide /dɪ'saɪd/v. 决/选定;下决心拓展decide between 作出抉择decide on〔upon〕就…作出决定,决定要decide to do sth. 决定做某事decided a. 明确的, 显然的; 坚决的,果断的decision n. 决定/心/议;果断;抉择make up a decision 做出决定come to a decision 做出决定with decision 断然decisive a. 决定性的;果断的例句①We must decide on a fit time and place for the meeting.我们必须决定在一个适当的时间和地点召开会议。
②We must decide between going home and staying at school during this winter vacation.我们必须决定寒假期间是回家还是留校。
串记The adventurers decided to abandon the arrangement at the decisive time though it was hard to make the decision.冒险家们在决定性的时刻决定放弃这一安排,尽管很难做出决定。
2. declare /dɪ'kleə/vt. 声明;断言;申报(纳税品等)拓展declare war on/against向……宣战declare for/against 表示赞成/反对declare sb.to be ... 宣布某人为……declare ...open/closed 宣布……开始/结束declare that ... 宣布……declaration n. 宣布;公告;(纳税品等的)申报例句①President Bush said if terrorists declared war on/against the United States, war would be what they got.布什总统说如果恐怖分子向美国宣战,那么他们得到的就是战争。
词汇专题(5):英语高考词汇辨析及易错词汇辨析之代词
英语高考词汇辨析及易混易错词汇辨析(五)代词辨析代词辨析1) 代词辨析难点(1)人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词、指示代词、关系代词和连接代词,它们在句子中承担不同的功用。
a.主格用来作句子的主语、表语。
如:Ioften go shopping on Sundays.(星期天我常去购物)/ Are they from Brazil?(他们是巴西人吗?)/ Where have they gone?(他们上哪儿去了?)/ That’sit.(就那么回事)/ It’she!(是他!)b.宾格用来作及物动词或者介词的宾语。
如:Who teaches you English this year?(今年谁教你们的英语?)/ Help me!(救救我!)/ We often write letters to her.(我们常给他写信)c.人称代词作表语或者放在比较状语从句连词than或as之后时,可以用主格形式,也可以用宾格形式,口语中大多用宾格。
如:--Who is it?(是谁?)–It’s I/me.(是我。
)三个不同人称同时出现,或者主语中包含“我”时,按照“you→he→I”的顺序表达。
如:Both he and I are working at that computer company. (我和他都在那家电脑公司上班) –Who will go there?(谁要去那儿?) –You and me.(你和我)d.人称代词it除了可以指人指物之外,还可以表示“时间、天气、温度、距离、情况”等含义,此外还可以作“非人称代词”使用,替代作主语或者宾语的不定式、动名词或者名词性从句。
如:--What’s the weather like today?(今天天气怎样?)—It’s fine.(天气晴好)/ --W hat’s the time?(几点啦?)–It’s 12:00.(12点)/It’s a long way to go.(那可要走好长的路)/It took him three days to clean his house.(打扫屋子花了他三天的时间)/It is very clear that the public want to know when these men can go into space.(很显然,公众想知道这些人什么时候能进入太空)/ We found it very difficult to learn a foreign language well.(我们发觉要学好一门外语是非常困难的)●物主代词:物主代词可分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词两种。
词汇专题(1):英语高考词汇辨析及易错词汇辨析之形容词和副词
英语高考词汇辨析及易混易错词汇辨析(一)词汇辨析之形容词和副词辨析1.高中阶段易混形容词和副词辨析1)易混形容词和副词词组难点:(1)在具体语境中形容词和副词语义的辨析①同源副词wide,widely;close,closely ;high,highly等,这两种副词形式不同,含义也略有差别,但是当它们被翻译成汉语时用词也很接近。
所以使用时很容易混淆,所以在具体语境中要注意辨别。
这类词含义及用法上的主要特点是:不带-ly的副词表示具体的行为和动作,说明的动作或状况有可测量性和可见性;而以-ly结尾的同源副词所表达的常常是抽象性的行为和状况。
试作如下比较:a.Do you see that butterfly flying high above the street?你是否看见那只蝴蝶在街道上方高高飞舞着?The distinguished guests were highly praised.贵宾们受到了高度赞扬。
b.He flung the door wide open.他猛地把门开得大大的。
We were widely different on many questions.我们在许多问题上分歧很大。
c.She stood close against the wall.她紧挨着墙站着。
The police were watching him closely.警察在密切监视他。
Tips: wide,close,high,deep等还可以作adj.,因此在修饰名词时,尽管有抽象意义,我们不能用-ly的副词。
e.g.: The computer game enjoys a wide populairy among the youths.We share a close relationship.②-ed形容词与-ing形容词的区别。
前者ed形式的形容词都是指人的心理活动;后者ing形式的形容词都是指事物的特征。
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英语听课笔记整理1.Accuse sb of sth 控告....罪行/指责....人犯罪Charge sb with sth 只能用于控告某人犯有.....罪Accusation n. 控告/指控/指责Charge sb for ... 收费(free of charge)Eg. The little boy charged me 100 RMB for washing my car .Charge 充电Charge my cell phone2.acquire 获得(抽象的东西)如:语言/经验/技巧Gain 和obtain 获得(具体食物)Acquisition 得到/掌握3.BotherDon’t bother(口语)如:别人从你家回去,你去送他,他说:don’t bother (不用了)4.Adopt 采纳;吸收;收养;Adapt 适应;改编Accumulate 积累5.adequate (刚刚好,只是超出一点)Enough 超出很多Sufficient 足够(资源的充分)6advisable 明智的Able-能够/值得Sensible 明智的/意识到的Ible -能够SenseEg. We can sense his pain .Sensitive 敏感的Senseless 无意义的/愚蠢的/无知觉7.effect n 奏效;效果Have effect onEffective adj. 有效的;起作用的Efficient 有效的;高效的Efficiency 效率Affect v 坏的影响Affection for 对一个人有坏的影响——对...产生情感8.afford 一般用can /be bale to负担得起:time /money/ experienceEg . We can’t ~ the time wasted on this project .Affordable adj. 能够负担得起的——can afford to do9.offer sb sth /offer sth to sb 主动提供Offer n.提供一个机会/报价/职位Eg . I will make him an offer he can not refuse .10.run a risk 冒险Omit 删除Attach 粘贴11.Shock(震惊)>astonish惊讶;惊喜>surprise一般惊讶特殊:amaze 对.....出乎意料的好/精彩/美而感到惊讶区别:Be amazed at 对...惊讶Be amused at 对...滑稽/搞笑Muse-fuse -diffuse 融化(把僵硬的表情融化掉)12.Awkward 尴尬/笨拙的Ward- 朝向Inward向内/out ward 向外13.alter 改变(衣服的风格Tailor 裁缝AlterRange from ... To...(范围内的变化)14.be anxious for =be eager for 渴望Be ~ about 对...焦虑Anxious-anxietyEager- eagerness15.in a hurry匆忙但并不仓促In haste 匆忙而仓促/草率Hasty (adj)草率的/仓促的16.appeal to sb 有吸引的/呼吁Appeal to sth /for 肯求17.vanish ——disappear 消失Vanity n. 虚荣心18.Apply...........to 把........应用到....Apple to 对.....适用/适用于.......Eg. The law applies to everyone.Application for 申请To 应用19.appreciate v. 欣赏/感激Appreciate sth感激只可以是物Sb 欣赏人/物Appreciate your helpit that you help meAppreciation n. 欣赏/感激Appreciate doing sth 欣赏/喜欢做某事20.Appoint 任命(官方的正式任命)Appointment 约会(正常的约会)Make an appointment with sb 和谁约会Have an appointment with sb 跟......有个预约Date sb out 把某人约出(情人之间)21.assign sb sth 分配/指派Sb to sthSth to sbAssignment n. 分配/指定22.arrange for sb to do sth 安排某人做某事ArrangementMake an arrangement for对…作安排23.artificial 人造的Fik-fake 假的/赝品Artificial flower 假花limb 假肢fiction 小说/虚构science fiction 科幻小说24.generation gap 代沟Generate 生产/制造(光/热/电/能量)Generator n.发电机25.manually 手动的Manual 手册Artificially 人工的Automatically 自动的Synthetically 合成的26.in addition to /aside from /apart from 除…之外27.assemble 装配/集合/组装As-to semble-look likeAssemble a computer 组装一台电脑Resemble像(长得像)Resemblance to sbEg.He resemblance to his younger brother has resulted in a lot of trouble for his sister-in-law(弟媳)28.associate a with b 把a和b 联系在起来We always associate pumpkin pie with grandma.Association n.协会;联系Association professor 副教授degree 副学位29.sureAssure sb of sth 向某人确信某事Your partner assure you of the safety inside the car .Assurance 使…确信/相信Insure 1.投…保险2.确信Insure …against投保险Insurance polity保险单Ensure 保证/确信You must ensure that all the lights are turned off .Guarantee 确保(商家)30.attachTach –粘贴Attach this picture to the wall.Be attached to 1.附属于2.依恋/恋恋不舍This hospital is attached to suchou university.Attachment 依恋/附件31.tempt 诱惑/使…感兴趣Temp-timeTemptation引诱/诱惑物Attempt 企图/尝试32.all in vain 徒劳无功33.attend 出席Attendant 侍候Attendance 出席;到场34.attribute ...to 把…归因于I attribute all my success to persistent efforts.Attribution n.归因;属性;Girls are usually attracted by noble attributes.35.TitleEntile sb to sth 给某人享有…什么权利/有资格做某事Be entitled to sth /to do sth36.be available to sb /for sthThe assistant is not available for you now.The power is not available for this computer.Availability n.可用性/有效性/实用性37.avoid doing 避免做…Prevent sb from doing 阻止某人做某事Prohibit sb from doing 禁止某人Turn to sb for 向某人求助38.be awake toAwareness 唤醒某人觉悟Arouse one‘s awareness39.clumy 笨拙Awkward 尴尬/笨拙Clum-mud 泥块40.bare hill/feet 光脚Bare 没有覆盖Bare hand 徒手Bald adj 秃顶的/光秃的He killed a tiger with bare hands.He is getting bald. 他的头开始秃了.41.Empty 里面什么都没有Vacant 闲置的/没有被占用vacant seat 闲的Vacant position =空缺的/职位Applied to the manager for this vacancy.Blank 平面上没有涂写(空白页)Blank wall 白墙Hollow 空的/凹的/空腹的44.bar 本义:木块Bargain 讨价/还价/便宜货Gain 获得45.barrier to ...障碍China will be the biggest to us. Ruling of world .46.be based on = on the basis ofBase...观点on...(论据)I base my ideas on facts.47.tragic adj 悲剧的Tragical adj. 悲剧性的;不幸的48.benefit vi. ~ from从...受益Vt.使...获益All the students will benefit from this subject.Gather benefit from ...49.Be preferable to 比 ... 更受欢迎/喜欢Preferable 更好的/更可取的/合意的Female teacher are preferable to boy students than male teachers .50.Partial 偏爱的/偏心的51.Blame sb for sth =scold sb for sth 责备/吗Be to blame for sth 应受到责备(主动表被动)The bus driver is to blame for this traffic accident.Be at fault for 在...有过错52.bold 1.勇敢(鲁莽)2.显目的 ~type 粗体字Brave 勇敢53.timid 懦弱而胆小Shy 害羞的54.cancel 取消Call off 取消Put off推迟doing sthPostpone 推迟post1在...以后2.邮件post officePost-war战后55.be capable of doing sth 有能力做某事CapableCapacity能力本义:容纳/积My capacity for english 我的英语能力To one’s capacity 满载的/达到...最大容量56.PotentialPot 茶壶(在茶壶里煮饺子)——潜力57.eligible 有资格的Permissible 允许的58.make a comment on 就...发表观点/评论Letter of confirmation 确认函Cope with 成功应付/对付mit crime 承认犯罪Be committed to doing 承认做...Commit v.犯罪/使...承担义务Commit ....to....把.....投入哪里去I have committed 100 dollars to this project.Commit oneself to =be committed to doing 全神贯注于...Commitment 承诺/保证China will carry out the commitment he has made.Suicide自杀Sui -me/i/selfCide-kill杀60.insect昆虫Insecticide 杀虫剂pare compare…with…表示“把……与……相比(同类相比)”,compare…to…表示“把……比做……(异类相比,比喻)”。