2013北语翻译硕士英语真题
2013年北京大学英语翻译硕士考研真题及其答案解析
财教创办北大、人大、中、北外授 训营对视频集、一一保分、、小班2013年北京大学英语翻译硕士考研真题及答案解析育明教育梁老师提醒广大考生:历年考研真题资料是十分珍贵的,研究真题有利于咱们从中分析出题人的思路和心态,因为每年专业课考试不管在题型还是在内容上都有很高的相似度，考研学子们一定要重视.有什么疑问可以随时联系育明教育梁老师,我会为根据各位考生的具体情况提供更加有针对性的指导。
英语翻译基础1.这对翻译术语是由美国著名翻译理论学家劳伦斯韦努蒂（Lawrence Venuti ）于1995年在《译者的隐身》中提出来的。
归化：是要把源语本土化，以目标语或译文读者为归宿，采取目标语读者所习惯的表达方式来传达原文的内容。
归化翻译要求译者向目的语的读者靠拢，译者必须像本国作者那样说话，原作者要想和读者直接对话，译作必须变成地道的本国语言。
归化翻译有助于读者更好地理解译文，增强译文的可读性和欣赏性。
2.异化：是“译者尽可能不去打扰作者，让读者向作者靠拢”。
在翻译上就是迁就外来文化的语言特点，吸纳外语表达方式，要求译者向作者靠拢，采取相应于作者所使用的源语表达方式，来传达原文的内容，即以目的语文化为归宿。
使用异化策略的目的在于考虑民族文化的差异性、保存和反映异域民族特征和语言风格特色，为译文读者保留异国情调。
作为两种翻译策略，归化和异化是对立统一，相辅相成的，绝对的归化和绝对的异化都是不存在的。
在广告翻译实践中译者应根据具体的广告语言特点、广告的目的、源语和目的语语言特点、民族文化等恰当运用两种策略，已达到具体的、动态的统一。
3.语内翻译（intralingual translationn 的“改变说法”（rewording ）。
北京外国语大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2013年
北京外国语大学翻译硕士英语学位MTI考试真题2013年(总分：150.00，做题时间：90分钟)一、Ⅰ(总题数：15，分数：15.00)1.IAEA（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：国际原子能机构(International Atomic Energy Agency)2.UNICEF（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：联合国儿童基金会(United Nations International Children"s Emergency Fund)3.Iron-deficiency anemia（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：缺铁性贫血4.sandwich generation（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：三明治一代(同时扶养子女、照顾父母的人)5.hydrocarbon compounds（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：碳氢化合物6.eutrophication（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：富营养化7.wind turbine（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：风力涡轮机；风力发电机8.temperate ecosystems（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：温带生态系统9.depleted nuclear fuel（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：贫化铀10.genome（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：基因组；染色体组11.nanotechnology（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：纳米技术12.marginal cost（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：边际成本；边缘费用13.discount market（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：贴现市场14.LDC（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：最不发达国家(Least Developed Countries)；欠发达国家(less developed country)15.eye candy（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：有魅力但不聪明的人；中看不中用的东西；养眼花瓶二、Ⅱ(总题数：15，分数：15.00)16.页岩气（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：shale gas17.居家养老（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：home-based care for the aged18.参政议政（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：participate in the administration and discussion of state affairs19.本币互换协议（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：currency swap agreement20.自主知识产权（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：proprietary intellectual property rights; Independent Intellectual Property Rights 21.存款准备金（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：Deposit Reserve; required reserves22.专属经济区（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：exclusive economic zone23.文化逆差（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：cultural deficit24.光伏电池（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：photovoltaic cell25.装机容量（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：installed capacity26.差额选举（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：competitive election; multi-candidate election27.医药分开（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：separation between medical and pharmaceutical services28.官二代（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：privileged child; the children of powerful officials29.属丝（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：loser; dios30.打酱油（分数：1.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：It"s none of my business./I am just a passer-by.三、Ⅲ(总题数：2，分数：60.00)31.The conifer hedges in front of J. K. Rowling"s seventeenth-century house, in Edinburgh, are about twenty feet tall. They reach higher than the street lamps in front of them, and evoke the entrance to the spiteful maze in the film adaptation of "Harry Potter and the Goblet of Fire", the fourth volume of her fantasy series. Rowling, who, at forty-seven, is about to publish her first novel for adults—it is set in a contemporary Britain familiar with Jay-Z and online pornography, but is shaded with memories of her own, quite cheerless upbringing—lives here with her second husband, Neil Murray, a doctor, and their children. She has a reputation for reserve:for being likable but shy and thin-skinned, and not at all comfortable with the personal impact of having created a modern myth, sold four hundred and fifty million books, and inspired more than six hundred thousand pieces of Harry Potter fan fiction, a total that increases by at least a thousand stories a week.（分数：30.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ 正确答案：()解析：J·K·罗琳住在爱丁堡一座17世纪的房屋，她家门前的针叶树树篱约有20英尺高，比树篱面前的路灯还要高出些许，令人不禁联想起哈利·波特电影版《哈利·波特与火焰杯》(这是她魔幻系列小说的第四部)中危机四伏的迷宫入口。
2013翻译硕士MTI各校真题汇总
2013翻译硕士MTI各校真题汇总2013翻译硕士各校真题汇总2013考研已经过去，各种尘埃即将落定。
先把各个学校的真题回忆版本汇总给后来人一个复习方向。
也算给考研生活画上一个圆满的句号。
感谢网友的及时回忆，谢谢给位的奉献。
欢迎补充！愿各位取的好成绩！1、2013复旦大学MTI专业课真题回忆版基础英语。
今年的基础英语稍微有些变化，第一题仍然是无选项完型，20个空，第二题是改错，和第一题是属于一篇文章的，二十行二十个错误，第三题是词汇和语法，词汇题比去年增加了不少，第四题是阅读理解四篇一共15个小题，最后一篇稍微有些深度，上来第一句是boresom 其实是讲现代社会摧毁理性和真理的。
然后作文25分就最后一篇阅读理解发表一下自己的看法。
翻译。
背了一堆翻译词汇今年竟然一个词汇翻译都没有，就一个汉译英70分与一个英译汉80分。
英译汉是一篇医学文章，里面什么胆囊啊肠啊的生词一大堆。
汉译英是文言文啊亲，我旦不学好啊，跟着北大学考文言文额。
原文如下：世有三乐，真乐也。
一曰人伦之乐，二曰心地之乐，三曰讲习之乐。
孟子曰：“父母俱存，兄弟无故，一乐也。
”此人伦之乐也；“仰不愧于天，俯不怍于人，二乐也。
”此心地之乐也；“得天下英才而教育之，三乐也。
”此讲习之乐也。
人伦之乐自父母兄弟之外，妻室欲其同甘苦，子孙欲其师教，宗族欲其和睦，女之适人者欲其得所归结，自人伦而推之，有一败人意则非乐也。
心地之乐岂止俯仰无愧怍而已，其道德必与圣贤合、与天地并，可也；道德未同乎圣贤、未同乎天地，不可以已也。
讲习之乐何止于得英才而教育，凡学问德行之有胜乎吾者，吾方且师之，虽受人之教育亦乐矣。
此三者，天下之真乐。
不此之乐，而以外物为乐，乐未一二，而忧已八九。
世俗以为乐，识者不贵也。
百科知识中国四大发明，欧债危机，金砖四国，莫言，生态难民，莎士比亚，君主立宪制，euro tunnel，thedeclaration of independence，DNA，伦敦奥运会，秦始皇陵兵马俑，论语，大中华文库，Encyclopedia Britannica，a nation on wheels，还有一个masps 还是什么的这个不知道，数了数17个还有8个想不起来了，这个是一个2分，一共五十分。
2013年北京外国语大学英语翻译硕士考研真题,考研参考书,考(精)
北京外国语大学考研育明教育孙老师整理,更多信息可以咨询育明教育孙老师。
2013年北京外国语大学翻译硕士考研真题翻译硕士英语单选30个,专四难度。
4个阅读1,nuclear power是否是最佳能源。
5个选择,每个2分2,一个得癌症的女人为自己的保险金的斗争5个选择,每个2分3,环太平洋板块和印度板块的地震带3个问答,每个4分,4,suburban area的优劣。
2个问答,每个4分作文Many people spend too much time on texting.Others prefer faceto face communication.State your opinion.翻译基础汉译英1.世界文化遗产world cultural heritage2.居留权right of residence3.豆浆soya-bean milk4.国际日期变更线IDL5.白马王子prince charming6.拆迁户relocation household7.中国革命历史博物8.国民生产总值GNP9.营业执照business license10.总统候选人presidential candidate11.中国科学院Chinese Academy of Science12.双重国籍dual nationality13.白手起家start from scratch英译汉1.Principle of reciprocity互惠原则2.Maglev train(magneticallylevitated trainmagnetic suspensiontrain磁悬浮列车3.the crime of dereliction of duty渎职罪4.three-point shot percentage三分球命中率5.gender gap性别差异6.unemployment benefit失业救济金7.local people’s procuratorate初级人民检察院8.multilateral international convention多边国际公约9.bilateral and multilateral economic cooperation双边和多边经济合作10.black sheep害群之马段落翻译英译汉关于苏门答腊海啸,以及科学家对将来更大的灾难袭击美国海岸。
高译教育-北京师范大学考研英语翻译基础真题2013
2013年北京师范大学翻译硕士考研真题回忆版英语翻译基础一、英译汉tariff barriersoft soaptrade partnera shallow laughterprize fellowarchiles' heeldemanding worka wet hennetizenrelease a polla counter-offereconomy classsoftware wizardpolite societychild's play二、汉译英粮食安全人肉搜索团购山寨买一赠一彩票食用方法大片水货吉日暂停归化方便面靶心三、文段互译汉译英汴河泣玉的故事在中国文化的历史长河中，不管是太平盛世玉，还是群雄争霸，人们一直喜欢佩戴玉饰，并写诗歌颂它。
玉的身影在许多传说中都有，人们对它寄予了很多美好的希望。
在春秋时期，楚国有个名叫卞和的人，从山中得到一块璞石，把它献给了厉王。
厉王大怒，下令命人砍去了卞和的左脚。
等到厉王死去，武王登位后，卞和又把那块璞石献给了武王。
武王下令砍去了他的右脚。
而后，武王驾崩，文王登位。
卞和捧着那块璞石，在山脚下痛哭了三天三夜。
文王听说了这件事后，派人寻到了卞和，命人切开璞玉，美玉显露了出来，于是命名这块美玉为“和氏璧”。
如果不能预见懂得品识它的人，它的美就永远不能向世人展示。
玉的品德难得一见，汴河的品德也像玉一样。
英译汉Today, Americans are feeling the gradual andsubtle effects of globalization that challenge the economic and strategicleadershipthat the United States has enjoyed since World war Ⅱ.A substantial portion of our work-force findsitself in direct competition for jobs with lower-wage workers around the globe,and leading-edge scientific and engineering work is being accomplished in manyparts of the world. Thanks to globalization, driven by modern communicationsand other advances, workers in virtually every sector must now face competitorswho live just a mouse-click away in Ireland, Finland, China, India, or dozensof other nations whose economies are growing. This has been aptly referred toas “the Death of Distance.”What are the top10 actions, in priority order, thatthe federal policymakers could take to enhance the science and technologyenterprise so that the United States can successfully compete, proper, and besecure in the global community of the 21st century? What strategy,with several concrete steps, could be used to implement each of those actions?。
2013年北京语言大学翻译硕士真题解析
2、应用文写作 根据所给内容写一封求职信，注意格式，450 字以上。 张君是 XX 届 XX 大学翻译专业硕士毕业生，本科阶段第一专业是英语，辅修第二专业中国语言文学。成绩 突出多才多艺，多次在翻译演讲大赛中获奖。
3、现代汉语写作 根据对下篇古文的理解，自拟题目，写议论文或记叙文，800 字以上。 蝜蝂传---柳宗元 蝜蝂者，善负小虫也。行遇物，辄持取，昂其首负之。背愈重，虽困剧不止也。其背甚涩，物积因不散， 卒踬仆不能起。人或怜之，为去其负。苟能行，又持取如故。又好上高，极其力不已。至坠地死。 今世之嗜取者，遇货不避，以厚其室。不知为己累也，唯恐其不积。及其怠而踬也，黜弃之，迁徙之，亦 以病矣。苟能起，又不艾，日思高其位，大其禄，而贪取滋甚，以近于危坠，观前之死亡不知戒。虽其形 魁然大者也，其名人也，而智则小虫也。亦足哀夫！
汉语写作与百科知识
1、百科知识 20 个名词解释，给出若干段不同内容的文章，每段划出词组，要求给出解释： 十七大，人民代表大会制度，民族区域自治制度，人权；布什、撞机事件、阿富汗战争、单极霸权；柳宗 元、清明节；论语，儒家文化，《山海经》；日内瓦、卢梭、社会契约论；次级房屋信贷危机，虚拟经济， 经济危机。
官方网址
北大、人大、中财、北外教授创办
集训营、一对一保分、视频、小班、少干、强军
一、将下列段落译为汉语（25 分） Outside Europe, the most important powers in 1939 were undoubtedly Japan and the United States. Japan was at the time already deeply involved in hostilities with China. After seizing the northern provinces of that country in 1931 and organizing them into the puppet state of Manchukuo, Japan had tried to protect its rich loot and to expand its influence in China by a series of interventions, particularly in the rest of northern China. These steps had not surprisingly produced a rising tide of anti-Japanese sentiments in China, which in turn led the Japanese to embroil themselves even more deeply into Chinese affairs. When this tendency to interfere in China was combined with a degree of internal confusion and incoherence within the Japanese government that made the Chinese warlords of the time look well organized, new trouble was almost certain to follow. (141 words)
2013年北语翻译硕士考研复试试题
育明教育【温馨提示】现在很多小机构虚假宣传，育明教育咨询部建议考生一定要实地考察，并一定要查看其营业执照，或者登录工商局网站查看企业信息。
目前，众多小机构经常会非常不负责任的给考生推荐北大、清华、北外等名校，希望广大考生在选择院校和专业的时候，一定要慎重、最好是咨询有丰富经验的考研咨询师！2014年翻译硕士硕士考研推荐必看教材《高级英汉翻译理论与实践》叶子南著，2001年，清华大学出版社。
《英译中国现代散文选》张培基（三册中至少一册）《百科知识考点精编与真题解析》，光明日报出版社，2013年版《翻译硕士常考词汇精编》，育明教育主编，2013年版《英汉翻译简明教程》庄绎传著，2002年，外语教学与研究出版社。
2005年一、为下面两则短文加上标点，并翻译成现代文。
（60）1、或对曰：“王劭《齐志》多记当时鄙言，为是乎？为非乎？”对曰：“古往今来，……足以知氓俗之有殊，验风土之不累”2、蜀中简公谦居，天资绝人。
凡有记览，过目不忘……跪生与庭，令立改正。
二、如果写一首七律，首句为入韵的平起平收式，即“平平仄仄仄平平”。
那么，应当如何依照粘对的规则，安排全篇的平仄？（10）三、回答：（30）1、句尾语气词“也”与“矣”的用法主要区别是什么？须举例证明。
2、《广韵》的韵目和平水韵的韵目各是多少？前者是如何被整合为后者的？3、界定什么是古今字，并举例说明古今字中今字构造的最常见模式。
四、判断1、在《康熙字典》中，下列字分别归属哪个部首？（10）障（）焦（）肯（）遮（）部（）官方网址北大、人大、中财、北外教授创办集训营、一对一保分、视频、小班、少干、强军。
北京语言大学翻译硕士英语考研真题,考研复试分数线
2013年北京语言大学翻译硕士考研真题回忆版第一题：词语互译30个，30分。
1.HTTP2.VAT3.IPO4.EFTA5.APEC6.NPT（military）7.International Date Line8.Strait Exchange Foundation9.The Milky Way10.equalitarianism11.mass transit system12.returns on equity13.dollar policy14.running expenses15.a five percent discount16.磁悬浮列车17.保质期18.（西方的）三权分立19.工笔画20.公积金21.鸿门宴22.资治通鉴23.中国证监会24.制海权25.军国主义26.党内民主27.探月工程28.自主招生29.限购30.弱势群体第二题：英汉互译共120分。
第一部分：英译汉，30分。
关于经济和移民的关系。
第一段提到希腊的Golden Dawn,英国的卡梅隆，和美国的罗姆尼。
第二段提到移民和经济的相同点。
第二部分：英译汉，30分。
关于有没有UFO的。
第三部分：汉译英，60分。
说人生追求，快乐的真谛啥的。
文艺小品范儿的。
育明教育孙老师解读：翻译硕士报考院校选择遵循原则随着现阶段的专业硕士越来越受欢迎，以及就业趋势的引导，翻译专业硕士愈加受欢迎。
今天，就为想要报考翻译硕士的同学解析一下翻译硕士的择校问题。
翻译专业硕士专业招生院校截止今年一共有158所学校，这么多的学校我们应该如何选择那?我们认为有以下三个原则，内心召唤;客观衡量自己的实力;综合考察学校的实力。
第一个原则是听从自己内心的召唤：就是在报考前问清楚自己喜欢哪个学校?以后想去哪里就业?哪个学校是我最向往的?因为只有自己喜欢的才会付出全部的心血，去努力得到。
比如你喜欢北京大学，喜欢以后留在北京发展，那你可能就要付出比考其他学校的考生更多的努力才可以达到自己的目标。
2013北京语言大学外语用英语语言学专业真题 722基础英语832普通语言学243二外法语242二外日语真题
2007-2013北语英语语言学真题，基英真题，二外法语回忆真题，语言学本科生笔记，语言学期末考试提纲重点2013北语部分普通语言学真题Part one1. 根据描述写元音辅音1. voiced velar stop5.from front low to back high2. phonological process1. sink5. booth3. word formation process1.radar5.bus北语外语用语言学真题，基英真题07-13年，语言学本科生笔记（都从上面出题）考点，期末试题提纲，二外法语回忆，需要的加企鹅seven four eight seven five eight two three zero ，我换学校了，低价转。
比学姐的便宜一半，互惠共赢。
4. root, stem, inflectional affix or derivational affix.5. emit5. sense relation1. child and parent5. cold and hot6. Representation of thought5. He thought whether he had met him.7. Tree diagramThe lio n cought the tourist.8. theme rheme subject or predicate4. Yesterday,Jone worked in the library.(忘了再哪里划线了)9. Figure of speech5. He is like a child lost his candy.10. endocentric exocentric subordination or coordination1. He smiled happily2. On the table stood SallyPart 2 blank filling.1. is the study of language in use.25．refers to the syntactic pattern by grouping different units to the same syntactic status.Part 31. Explain the following terms.1. Phatic communion２．Essay questions2. How to illustrate and discuss the types of lexical borrowing words in English vocabul ary.北语2013基础英语真题第三部分翻译1，英译汉It is simple enough to say that since books have classes──fiction, biography , poetry──we should separate them and take from each what it is right that each should give us. Yet few people ask from books what books can give us Most commonly we come to books with blurred and divided minds , asking of fiction that it shall be true ,of poetry that it shall be false , of biography that it shall be flattering , of history that it shall enforce our own prejudices. If we could banish all such preconceptions when we read ,that would be an admirable beginning . Do not dictate to your author ;try to become him .部分2，汉译英丰子恺先生有这样一段文字：“有一回我画一个人牵两只羊，画了两根绳子。
北外2013年硕士研究生考试英汉互译(同传)(精)
北京外国语大学2013年硕士研究生入学考试试题招生专业:外国语言学及应用语言学科目名称:英汉互译(同传一、将下列段落译为汉语(25分The elections in France and Grace tell us that austerity fatigue has set in. This is not surprising. For many countries no plausible exit exists from depression,deflation and despair。
If the currency union were a normal fixed exchange rate arrangement,it would collapse,as did the gold standard in the 1930s and the Bretton Woods system in the 1970s.The question is whether the fact that it is a monetary union will do more than delay that out c ome. Mr.Hollande says his mission is to give Europe “a dimension of growth and prosperity”.So can he achieve this laudable aim? Fiscal tightening does not improve outcomes in shrinking economies. Thus,austerity is merely begetting more austerity. According to IMF, the ratio of gross public debt to gross domestic product will rise, not fall, in every year from 2008 to 2013 in Ireland, Italy, Spain and Portugal. It will briefly fall in Greece, but only because of its debt restructuring. The IMF forecasts that the economy will shrink this year, in real terms, and growth is forecast, optimistically, at close to zero in these countries in 2013.This is politically perilous. The emergence of still more extremist parties and a rising sense of betrayal seems inevitable. (206二、将下列短文译为汉语(50分The massive new U.S. oil and gas output has brought talk of American energy independence back into vogue. Just five years ago ,the experts were bracing for the United States to become dependent on imported liquefied natural gas, with uncertain geopolitical consequences, such as depence on vulnerable Middle Eastern suppliers and entanglement in a global gas market in which Moscow plays s troubling role. That now seems like ancient history, as record gas production has spared the United States the need for large-scale imports.The math is shakier when it comes to oil. The most bullish projections foresee around 15 million barrels a day of U.S. liquid fuels production by 2020, while the consultancy Wood Mackenzie claims that U.S. production could rise to about 10 million barrels a day by the close of this decade and 15 million before the end of the next. In any case,U.S. consumption is vastly greater. As of 2009, Americans burned through nearly 19 million barrels of oil-based liquid fuels each day to power their cars, trucks, and factories, and although that figure has edged down over the past couple of years, domestic supply is still a long way from matching U.S. Demand.That said, U.S. demand for oil appears to have peaked. While part of the recent fall can be checked up to slow economic growth, sustained highoil prices and improving automobile technology are also at work. New fuel-economy standards, if they stick, could drive U.S. consumption down much further. Ultimately, though, it’s a massive stretch to think the United States will eliminate the gap between oil supply and demand anytime soon.In any case,energy independence requires more than impressive arithemic. As long as the United States is fully integrated into the world oil market U.S. fuel prices will rise and fall along with events on the other side of the globe—— say, a war with Iran.(316三、将下列段落译为英语(25分中国将始终不渝走和平发展道路,坚定奉行独立自主的和平外交政策。
大学翻译硕士MTI历年考研真题-2013年北京语言大学211翻译硕士英语考研试题(回忆版)(1)
2013年北京语言大学211翻译硕士英语考研试题翻译硕士英语考研试题（（回忆版回忆版））一、grammar and vocabulary （20*1．5）覆盖面几乎都是语法，有几个词汇题，语法以考察非谓语动词、主谓一致、虚拟语气为主，另涉及到一些固定短语的搭配，但都不难，单词的辨析也不是很难，结合前三年的回忆版，我觉得以后大家在复习这道题型时主要还是以基础语法为主，复习专四那样复习就够了。
二、阅读阅读（（20*2）1．前三篇文章的选择题基本上都有1道词汇题（文中词汇，问其近义词），三个词汇分别是despendent, prevalent, pandemic ，其他的题型就是定位于原文段落中的句子的理解、还有问整篇文章是关于什么的，还有就是下列选项哪个是正确的。
A ．是racial discrimination 和social violence 的文章B ．是facial expression 和 emotion 讲的是世界不同文化的人们即使言语不通也会有某些共同表情，而且不同表情对心理的影响不同C ．貌似是专四真题或者是模拟题，是关于亚非拉地区传染病防治的2．第四道阅读题为回答问题型，两道大题，其中第一道大题有两问，整篇文章是将文中划线部分用自己的话表达出来。
EDW ARD THOMAS was a late starter to poetry. “I couldn’t write a poem to save my life,” he declared aged 35, when a “literary hack” of minor biographies and travel memoirs, struggling to support a wife and three children. A year later, and three years before he was killed by a passing shell in the Arras offensive in the first world war, he had written and published some of the finest poems to come out of Britain at the beginning of the 20th century.What changed Thomas from a middling prose writer to a dazzling poet is the central theme of Matthew Hollis’s engaging new book, which won two awards for biography when it came out in Britain last year and is just now being published in America. Mr Hollis, a poet and editor, focuses on the last five years of Thomas’s life before he died in 1917.His book begins in London, where Thomas visits a new bookshop dedicated to poetry that had just opened in “shady Bloomsbury”. Around this shop circled the poets that made up literary London at that time: Ezra Pound, an American, who would greet startled visitors to his flat in a purple dressing gown; W.B. Yeats, an Irish poet and playwright who shunned newfangled electricity in favour of candlelight for his evening readings; and Rupert Brooke, a dashing young English poet, who would die a soldier in 1915 from an infection caught while stationed near Greece, and whose poetry sold 250,000 copies in the decade after his death.Less glamorous or eccentric than these figures, Thomas was a prolific and occasionally acerbic book reviewer, six feet tall, “slim, loose-limbed and vigorous”, who struggled with near-suicidal depression. He had married while still an undergraduate at Oxford and his relationship with his wife Helen was a troubled one. He often spent time away on the long journeys needed for his travel books, such as the “The Icknield Way”.Mr Hollis is adept at evoking the atmosphere of the time, and at negotiating the complicated friendships and squabbles between these poets. But it is when Thomas meets Robert Frost, a“Yankee” poet determined to be published in Britain that his book comes to life. It was Frost—a stocky, quick-tempered figure—who persuaded Thomas to write poems, and who believed that “words exist in the mouth, not in books”. Once Thomas decided to write verse, he did so quickly. Spurred on by Frost, and by the oncoming threat of war, at one point he wrote nearly a poem a day, including his much loved “Adlestrop” with its “lazed, heat-filled atmosphere…of that last summer before the war”. Mr Hollis re-creates Thomas’s process of writing by comparing the differing drafts of his poems, giving life to his process of composition, and charting the correspondence between Thomas and Frost once the latter had moved back to America.In many ways, Thomas was a difficult, reticent figure, who was quite capable of signing off letters to his mother “Yours ever, Edward Thomas”. Even after he had enrolled in the Artists Rifles regiment, he remained painfully shy about his work, hiding his poetry among calculations on the trajectory of shells, or disguising it as prose. This may be one reason why Mr Hollis tends to address his subject formally throughout his book, frequently by his full name, and does not delve—beyond polite speculation—into the various extramarital romances Thomas may have had. Those who want such details will have to go elsewhere. Instead, Mr Hollis captures something far greater than a man’s personal life, and far more elusive: the desire and struggle to write, even when you begin, as Thomas put it, “at 36 in the shade”.1．Describe Edward Thomas's personal detail and his literary career2．Explain the sentences in line三、写作Define the word "integrity" and explain its importance in our social life（题目是”integrity“，问其为何在社会生活中很重要）。
2013年北京交通大学语言与传播学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解【圣才出品】
2013年北京交通大学语言与传播学院211翻译硕士英语考研真题及详解I. Vocabulary and grammar (15%)Directions: There are 15 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1.In heterogeneous community, people are likely to spend more time getting assimilated,because they have less common traits.A. dissimilarB. hereticC. multitudinousD. hierarchic【答案】C【解析】heterogeneous多样化的；混杂的，由不同成分组成的。
句意：在各式各样的群体中，人们可能会花更多的时间来被同化，因为他们的共同点较少。
dissimilar不同的。
heretic异端的；异教的。
multitudinous群集的；多种成分的；形式多样的。
2. This restaurant is famous and popular because of the geniality of the proprietor who tries to make everyone happy.A. generosityB. kindlinessC. garrulityD. good cuisine【答案】B【解析】geniality亲切；温暖；舒适。
句意：这家餐厅很有名，很受欢迎，因为店主非常亲切，试图让每个人都感到快乐。
2013年北二外英语翻译基础考研真题,考研参考书,考研大纲,考研经验
1/8【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 12015年考研指导育明教育，创始于2006年，由北京大学、中国人民大学、中央财经大学、北京外国语大学的教授投资创办，并有北京大学、武汉大学、中国人民大学、北京师范大学复旦大学、中央财经大学、等知名高校的博士和硕士加盟，是一个最具权威的全国范围内的考研考博辅导机构。
更多详情可联系育明教育孙老师。
第二外国语大学（原题）英语翻译基础一、名词解释：MDGS Millennium Development Goals 千禧年发展计划Ban Ki-moon 潘基文国务卿Secretary of State雷曼兄弟(Lehman Brothers)次贷危机subprime lending crisis西部大开发战略strategy of western development二、英译汉：China's bubblesA lot of things in China carry a whiff of excess.The cost of garlic is among them:wholesale prices have almost quadrupled since March.A halving of the planting area last year,and belief in the bulb's powers to ward off swine flu,provide some justification for the surge.But anecdotes of unbridled trading activity in Jinxiang county,home to China's largest garlic plant,suggest that the most likely cause is the most obvious –the abundant liquidity swilling through the2/8【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站： 2system.New loans in China may top Rmb10,000bn this year,double the run-rate of the preceding years;2010should bring another Rmb7-8,000bn.In the week that Dominique Strauss-Kahn,head of the International Monetary Fund,said asset bubbles were a cost worth paying for reviving growth through loose monetary policy,China needs to distinguish between good ones and bad ones.A bubble in garlic is small,financed by private speculators,and relatively harmless when it bursts.Bubbles in productive assets –roads,bridges,telecom lines –are also tolerable;capital has been put in place that can be exploited by somebody.But bubbles in property –financed by banks,on non-productive assets –are doubly destructive.Zhang Xin,chief executive of Soho China,one of the country's most successful privately owned developers,believes that rampant wasteful investment in commercial property has already undermined China's long-term prospects.As for housing,which China began privatising just 11years ago,prices rose at an annualised rate of 9per cent between September and October –significantly higher than the ongoing 2.25per cent one-year deposit rate and the 5.31per cent one-year lending rate.What's more,this was the eighth successive month of above-trend growth in the national house price index.So far,attempts to arrest price rises have been minor –restrictions .3/8【育明教育】中国考研考博专业课辅导第一品牌官方网站：3提高暑假复习效率的三个万能定律一、鲶鱼效应：一个"竞争"的复习环境很久以前，挪威人从深海捕捞的沙丁鱼，总是还没到达海岸都已经口吐白沫。
大学翻译硕士MTI历年考研真题-2013北京第二外国语大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题(回忆版)(1)
2013北京第二外国语大学翻译硕士MTI考研试题（回忆版）版本1翻译硕士英语第一题单选30个，专四难度。
不过有的词拿不准啊…第二题4个阅读A ：nuclear power是否是最佳能源。
5个选择，每个2分B ：一个得癌症的女人为自己的保险金的斗争…5个选择，每个2分C ：环太平洋板块和印度板块的地震带… 3个问答，每个4分D ：suburban area 的优劣。
2个问答，每个4分第三题是作文。
Many people spend too much time on texting,…而不是face toface communication翻译基础1. 世界文化遗产2. 居留权3. 豆浆4. 国际日期变更线5. 白马王子6. 拆迁户7. 中国革命历史博物8. 国民生产总值9. 营业执照10. 总统候选人11. 中国科学院12. 双重国籍13. 白手起家英译汉1. Principle of reciprocity2. Maglev train(magneticallylevitated train) magnetic suspension train3. the crime of dereliction ofduty4. three-point shot percentage5. gender gap6. unemployment benefit7. local people’s procuratorate8. multilateral internationalconvention9. bilateral and multilateraleconomic cooperation10. black sheep今年有大变化！！！就两大段英译汉关于苏门答腊海啸，以及科学家对将来更大的灾难袭击美国海岸。
汉译英关于战胜生活，不颓废，认同个体和其他个体什么的，不难。
第一句就是经验随着年龄增长，知识和宽容随着经验增长百科1. 主观唯心主义包括什么2. 区分辩证法和形而上学的原理3. 信息的实质4. 人脑是什么5. 四大菜系6. 北四阁7. 四大名楼8. 四小名旦9. 乾隆的三希堂的三件名字帖《快雪时晴贴》《中秋帖》（王献之）《伯远帖》10. 中美关系正常化时中美两国领导人各是谁11. 2009年去世的是哪位世界歌手（迈克尔·杰克逊，流行之王）12. “修合无人见，存心有天知”说的是采药的13. 我国现存最古老最高的木结构塔是山西应县的释迦塔14. 轻度发酵的茶是青茶和白茶15. 2011年神舟八号和天宫一号成功分离16. 斯大林是苏联的共产党书记和部长会议主席17. 南北回归线是热带和温带的界限，18. 太阳直射点的边界19. 博鳌亚洲论坛发起人，每年在中国的哪里举办20. 马克思的两个理论成果21. 2020年六大经济体22. 哪个不符合辛亥革命前的社会场景：选项有看申报怒斥日本侵占台湾，坐中国自制铁路进京赶考，慈禧政变时在商务印书局工作等23. 四库全书哪个皇帝年间24. 七碗茶歌对茶进行了详尽的描述第二大题是应用文，某高校体育运动会的讲话稿。
2013北京师范大学翻译硕士MTI考研真题
2013北京师范大学翻译硕士MTI考研试题（回忆版）翻译硕士英语211选择题：词语辨析题！结果，今年考试出了大问题，fill the blanks and compelete the sentences，结果有些题的blank没有了。
所以不得不自己分析句子成分，找恰当的位置填写单词。
挺崩溃的。
单词里记得的有一组是——payoff/pay for/pay out/pay back阅读题：然后就是3篇阅读，选择题。
现在已经完全记不得阅读都讲了些什么。
一篇好像是跟英国教育相关的。
阅读的第二部分是阅读简答题，很费时间，而且完全没把握自己有没有答到点子上去。
总的说来，阅读特别特别费时间，难度比专八略难。
如果有机会，多练练简单类的阅读吧！这个有用！写作：最后的写作写的是追求时尚其实就是从众，有风度，没温度。
你对此有什么看法。
400字-500字的作文。
英语翻译基础357英译汉Tariff barrierSoftware wizardEconomy classPrize fellowNetizenTrade partnerShallow laughterRelease pollAchilles’heelA wet hen汉译英粮食安全方便面团购买一赠一食用方法山寨水货靶心暂停彩票吉日人肉搜索Internet mass hunting归化英译汉：关于经济全球化带给美国的影响以及美国该如何应对。
文章生词不多，能读明白，翻得好与坏就看自己的能力了！汉译英：关于玉的一篇文章，文章还挺优美的，中间要讲《和氏璧》的故事内容，最后总觉玉的特点。
我的翻译有处硬伤，要是没那个硬伤，我会觉得自己翻译的还算达到“信”，因为那个硬伤，“信、达、雅”的信差不多都没达到！抑郁~所以还是得多翻，多背单词！汉语写作与百科知识4481. 下列不属于明清传奇的是？A.桃花扇B.雷峰塔C.红线传D.长生殿2.下列哪种说法表现了平面性？3.《水浒传》评注最有名的是A. 毛宗岗B. 汤显祖CD 想不起来4.文人绘画的最高峰是？A.宫廷绘画D.山水画其他两项记不起来5.关于广陵散正确的是？6.中医学五大核心理论出自那本书？我只记得我的选项《黄帝内经》7.纸寿千年是指那种纸？宣纸8.王羲之擅长什么字体？行书9.人驭兽图，看出远古时代的动物崇拜处于哪个阶段？10.《春秋》是哪种史书？编年史、断代史、史记、离骚（这居然是选项哟）11. 刘向和刘歆的《别录》、《七略》是什么哪类史书？目录学12.中国艺术的最高境界是“和”，那么中国艺术的基本类型是？阳刚与阴柔13. 下列说法表现中国雕塑平面性的是？14.最早的寺庙是？白马寺15.唐诗宋词汉文章，文章指什么？C.骈文D.汉赋16.春秋时期，博士是指哪些人？17.给了一段材料讲的“长善救失”的教学思想！看你的理解~18.应该是绘画源自自然的正确理解19. 对“君子有三畏:畏天命,畏大人,畏圣人之言”的正确解释？20.又考了《永乐大典》21.下列属于世情小说的是，选的《金瓶梅》22.不属于关汉卿作品的是《汉宫秋》23.董仲舒的话，关于德育和智育？24.书院的院长称为什么？山长和洞主后面4个是研友帮忙忙补充的！其实不算太难，我错的比较多！书好好看了的孩子，稍稍有文化底蕴的话应该丢不了几个题。
北京外国语大学英语语言学真题2013年.doc
北京外国语大学英语语言学真题2013年(总分：149.92，做题时间：90分钟)ⅠBriefly explain the following terms. （分数：50.00）(1).affix（分数：5.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (2).inflection（分数：5.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (3).mood（分数：5.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (4).modality（分数：5.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (5).interlanguage（分数：5.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (6).language transfer（分数：5.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (7).speech act（分数：5.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (8).verbal behavior（分数：5.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (9).co-operative principles（分数：5.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (10).vernacular（分数：5.00）__________________________________________________________________________________________ⅡRead the following passage and then answer questions.Alice Kaplan grew up in Minnesota in the 1960s. In her 1993 book, she tells the story of the development of her unconditional, life-long affiliation with French. Her memoirs begin at the age of eight, when her father, a Jewish lawyer who prosecuted Nazi war criminals at Nuremberg, died. Kaplan explains that she felt a deep connection between feeling the loss of her father and feeling different from others in her pursuit of French: "Learning French was connected to my father, because French made me absent the way he was absent , and it made me an expert the way he was an expert" (p.203-4). She began studying French in grade 5, and at the age of 14 attended a French immersion summer programme in Maine. The two formative experiences , however, were a year abroad in a French-medium school in Switzerland at the age of 15, while still in high school, and another academic year abroad in Bordeaux three years later, while she was a French literature undergraduate. Her interest was always as intense for French culture as it was for the French language: "Even in beginning French classes, you know there was a French beyond the everyday , a France of hard talk and intellect" (p.138). By the end of the two full-year study abroad experiences, a complete self-identification with the new community and culture had taken place. She later became a French language teacher and eventually completed a doctorate in French. To this day, Kaplan is committed to a life in which both French and English play prominent roles.（分数：39.97）(1).What does "French made me absent the way he was absent" mean?（分数：5.71）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (2).What is "a French immersion summer programme"?（分数：5.71）__________________________________________________________________________________________(3).What are formative experiences?（分数：5.71）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (4).What is "a French-medium school"?（分数：5.71）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (5).What does Kaplan mean when she says "there was a French beyond the everyday"?（分数：5.71）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (6).What does "the new community and culture" refer to? What is meant by "a completeself-identification" with it?（分数：5.71）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (7).What does Kaplan"s success story illustrate?（分数：5.71）__________________________________________________________________________________________ ⅢRead the following article and then do two tasks.Smoothing the Path from Foreign Lips to American EarsIt is a complaint familiar to millions of alumni of research universities: the master"s or doctoral candidate from overseas, employed as a teaching assistant, whose accent is too thick for undergraduate students to penetrate.To help solve this problem, increasingly sophisticated software programs have been developed to analyze and critique speech . One program, NativeAccent, which became available three years ago, has been adopted by more than 100 universities. Briju Thankachan, an Indian graduate student here in instructional technology , has spent hundreds of hours using NativeAccent. The software can isolate hundreds of pronunciation issues and even show animations of how to position parts of the mouth for each sound."Every morning I would hear him repeating things over and over into the computer, and you could hear him getting better," said Mr. Thankachan"s wife, Betsy J. Briju, a visiting assistant professor in plant biology.The comprehension problem is far from solved. Even at an institution like Ohio University, with an unusually robust remedial program , undergraduate students say they have run intohard-to-understand teaching assistants."You get better at understanding after a while, and they"re willing to talk it over again, but it can be hard," said Karen Martinez, a sophomore from Chicago.The university"s efforts to address the accent problem date to the 1980s. Every foreign student"s command of spoken English is assessed on arrival, and each year about 300 go through the improvement program, part of the linguistics department. In classes, the students learn to break language into individual sounds, forcing them to be aware of how each part of the mouth is positioned to make a particular bit , while instructors contort their faces and touch their tongues to drive home the point . Students take sentences apart to learn rhythm, emphasis, pauses and rising and falling pitch—elements that can convey as much information as words."Many people come here without having learned intonation at all," said Lara Wallace, a lecturer in linguistics. "Everything comes out in a flat monotone, which makes an accent even harder to understand."Students are assigned to practice in computer labs, using the speech analysis software, and —possibly the most unpopular exercise—recording audio or video of themselves speaking. They have to transcribe those recordings verbatim , with every pause, false start , repetition or "um" noted.（分数：59.95）(1).Answer the following questions.What does "critique speech" mean?（分数：5.45）__________________________________________________________________________________________(2).What kind of technology is "instructional technology"?（分数：5.45）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (3).Which two words can be used to replace the two underlined words in " isolate hundreds of pronunciation issues "?（分数：5.45）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (4).What does the word "position" mean in "position parts of the mouth"? Which "parts" are involved?（分数：5.45）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (5).What does the word "things" refer to?（分数：5.45）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (6).What kind of program is a "remedial program" and what is meant by "robust." (ibid.)?（分数：5.45）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (7).What does the word "bit" refer to?（分数：5.45）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (8).What is "intonation"?（分数：5.45）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (9).Which phrase can be used to replace "verbatim" ?（分数：5.45）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (10).What is a "false start"?（分数：5.45）__________________________________________________________________________________________ (11).Write a short essay in approximately 300 words about the issue of pronunciation and intonation for foreign learners of English.（分数：5.45）__________________________________________________________________________________________。
翻译硕士英语2013
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Hale Waihona Puke 13. No _____ woman would go alone to a bar like that one. A. respectful B. respectable C. respecting D. respective 14. Thirty-six hours_____ the length of time for which I should be paid. A. are B. was C. is D. were 15. _____ out of season, I should have ordered some from the fruit stand. A. If oranges would have been B. If oranges have not been C. Had oranges not been D. Should oranges not have been 16. Petrol is manufactured from the _____ oil we take out of the ground. A. rough B. crude C. raw D. tough 17. Uncle Bill used to climb mountains but he isn’t as____ as before. A. aged B. astringent C. agile D. antic 18. Many attended the conference, a brief report _____has been published. A. of which B. which C. of that D. for which 19. In his ____ to meet with the architects, he found the difficulties of obtaining a visa very discouraging. A. journey B. endeavor C. nightmare D. failure 20. Many large ______ cities have outgrown their water supplies and rely on water from distant sources. A. metropolitan B. suburban C. industrious D. rural 21. Because of her _____, Queen Victoria was unendingly confronted by artists wishing to paint her picture. A. timidity B. celebrity C. irritability D. reclusiveness 22. Unlike animals, plants are able to make their own food through a process known as ______. A. pollination B. germination C. photosynthesis D. fission 23. To maximize chances of _____ a heart attack, one should get immediate medical care at the first onset of symptoms. A. disappearing B. surviving C. lessening D. diagnosing 24. It isn’t so much whether he works hard; the question is whether he works_____. A. at all B. above all C. in all D. after all 25. A pie chart may be used to show the relative _____ of values. A. swarm B. diagram C. distribution D. tones 26. An effective employer must have the courage to ______ an employee who fails to perform. A. lay on B. lay off C. lay out D. lay over 27. The key to maintaining brushes is to _____ them well before washing off the paint. A. press B. soak C. flash D. crack 28. The matter is ______ settled; we may look upon it as being settled. A. as long as B. for good C. for sure D. as good as
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2013北京语言大学翻译硕士英语笔译英语翻译基础（回忆版）Ⅰ.Translate the following abbreviations and phrases into corresponding meanings.1.HTTP 超文本传输协议2. VAT 增值税3. EFTA 欧洲自由贸易联盟4.APEC 亚太经合组织5. NPT（military) 不扩散核武器条约6.IPO 首次公开募股；首次公开上市7.strait exchange fundation 海基会(SEF)8.The Milky Way 银河9.dollar policy 金元外交10. a five percent discount 九五折11.returns on equity 股权回报率12. running expense 经营费用13.mass transit system 公共客运系统.14.Equalitarianism 平均主义15.International Date Line 国际日期变更线16. 磁悬浮列车 Maglev train17. 保质期gurantee period18.自主招生 independent recruitment19.工笔画traditional Chinese realistic painting20.公积金public accumulation fund21.限购 property-purchasing limitations22.军国主义 militarism23.三权分立（西方） separation of executive, legislative and judicial powers24. 鸿门宴 Hongmen Banquet25. 中国证监会 China Securities Regulatory Comission (CSRC)26.《资治通鉴》 History as a Mirror27探月工程 lunar probe program.28.党内民主 Inner-party democracy29.制海权command of sea30.弱势群体 the disadvantaged / vulnerable groupⅡ、篇章翻译(120’)英译汉(60’)Source 1 (25’)In bad economic times the temptation to bash immigration is overwhelmi ng. “Get the stench out of Greece,” runs a slogan of Golden Dawn, an increasingly popularanti-immigrant party there. David Cameron has pledged to more than halve annual net migration into Britain by 2015. In America Republicans are wondering how much anti-immigration rhetoric contributed to Mitt Romney’s defeat in the presidential election. A change of political tune is badly needed. Evidence suggests that increased flows of people across borders could ignite global growth.Source 2 (35’)关于UFO 的一篇文章，汉译英：(60’)每个人都不免有一个理想，或为温饱，或为名利，或为学问，或为德行，所谓“从其大体者为大人，从其小体者为小人”。
这种大小的分别究竟以什么为标准呢？哲学家们都承认：人的最高目的是幸福。
但什么才是真的幸福呢？积学修德可被看成幸福，饱食暖衣也可被看成幸福，谁是谁非？我们从人的观点来说，人之所以高贵于禽兽者在于他的心灵。
人如果要充分地表现他的人性，必须充实他的心灵生活。
幸福是一种享受，人既有了肉体，即不能没有肉体的享受。
所以我们不必如禁欲主义的清教徒般不近人情，但我们也须明白：肉体的享受不是人类最上的享受，而是人类与鸡豚狗彘所共有的。
人类最上的享受是心灵的享受，学问、艺术、道德都是心灵的活动，人如果在这三方面达到最高的境界，同时也就达到了最幸福的境界。
2第一部分百科知识请对划线部分知识进行解释。
（50分）1.歼-15在“辽宁舰”上首次进行阻拦着陆和滑跃起飞试验飞行，罗阳同志为现场总指挥。
2.莎士比亚从英伦三岛走向国际化的过程中，歌德的推介功劳至大。
而在莎士比亚作品中国化的过程中，几代中国文化人筚路蓝缕、薪尽火传，林纾、田汉、朱生豪、曹未风、曹禺等人的名字与莎剧中国化息息相关。
3.东盟峰会在金边举行，峰会期间，与会东盟领导人将重点与会领导人将讨论具体落实《东盟宪章》各项目标、讨论深化区域合作、推进区域一体化进程、积极应对欧债危机及世界经济恢复乏力带来的诸多全球性挑战等重大问题。
4.世界各国的历法分虽然格式不同，但按其本质来分,共有三种,即阳历、阴历、阴阳历。
5.十八大报告中，胡锦涛提出“两个翻一番” 和“两个一百年”,令海内外全体炎黄子孙共同为之欣喜、振奋和自豪。
“第二部分应用文写作（40分）根据下面三个人即曹宁、舒洁、查理的对话，以曹宁的名义书写一封致查理的“商业信函”，不少于450字。
表达受访的基本意见。
包括主体和落款。
是一个关于商标转让的谈话，对话比较长。
有一些他们关于商标转让合作的细节，阅读时要自己筛选信息，整合一下，用在信函里。
曹宁（受方，买方），舒洁（经纪人），查理（卖方，出口方）。
对话：（略）第三部分写作(60分）阅读下列材料，根据自己的理解，写一篇不少于800字的短文。
题目：译事不宜作为译者，当初生牛犊的蛮劲过去之后，有了一定的阅读、翻译积累，落笔往往更小心、更费思量。
早先也一度恪守“死忠”，无限地忠于原文，不敢越雷池一步，好似讲人话的金山词霸。
这一方面是经验缺乏，阅读量、实践量不够，故而下笔如履薄冰；另一方面也是文字功底浅，硬伤在身，文采也就成奢谈，被人诟病“学生腔太浓”也不足为奇。
翻翻自己过去的东西，的确有种鸡皮疙瘩掉落一地的感觉。
但文字功底不是一朝一夕的事情，所以在有了一定的熟练程度之后，就是翻译状态的调整了。
你的筋不再紧绷着，而是学会和着原著作者的节奏有起有浮，不再译得千人一面。
拿唱歌做比喻，如果说早先学习翻译好比是大白嗓子，不加修饰，只是让人知道是这么个调、这么个词，若是不幸哪里再跑个调，本来就没精打采的听众就更要捂起耳朵了；要是学点乐理，练个声，运个气，动个情，当能悦耳许多。
学会让翻译的声带松弛，就不容易让人有怎么说话好好的，一唱起来就捏着嗓子、拿腔拿调的错觉了。
自然，又不可矫枉过正，喧宾夺主，动情成了滥情，把潜台词唱成标语口号，把涓涓细流演变成滔天巨浪。
译者，永远在幕后，舞台的聚光灯永远打在作者身上。
总结：2012年1. 翻译基础第一部分：词语互译：AFP法新社FAO粮农组织SME中小型企业UNGA联合国大会PBOC中国人民银行UPU万国邮政联盟B2C商家对顾客national city bank of new york花旗银行force majeure不可抗力taewondo跆拳道state-of-the-art顶级的cathay pacific国泰航空Mahatma Gandhi圣雄甘地Bretton Woods System布雷顿森林体系plurality rule简单多数原则先发制人战略preemptive attack民进党Democratic Progressive Party“一站式”办公one-stop service公益文化事业public cultural undertakings生态足迹ecological footprint贴现率discount rate; bank rate海水淡化desalination/desalinization of sea water安居工程Affordable Housing Program西电东送power transmission from west China to east大病医疗费用社会统筹古兰经The Qur'an/Koran Bible习惯法common law皮影戏shadow play鱼和熊掌不可兼得官场现形记Source text1:It’s time to start calling the currentsituation what it is: a depression. True, it’s not a full replay of the GreatDepression, but that’s cold comfort. Unempl oyment in both America and Europeremains disastrously high. Leaders and institutions are increasinglydiscredited. And democratic values are under siege.On that last point, I am not beingalarmist. On the political as on the economic front it’s important not to fallinto the “not as bad as” trap. High unemployment isn’t O.K.just because ithasn’t hit 1933 levels; ominous political trends shouldn’t be dismissed justbecause there’s no Hitler in sight.Let’s talk, in particular, about what’shappening in Europe— not because all is well with America, but because thegravity of European political developments isn’t widely understood.First of all, the crisis of the euro iskilling the European dream. The shared currency, which was supposed to bindnations together, has instead created an atmosphere of bitter acrimony.Specifically, demands for ever-harsherausterity, with no offsetting effort to foster growth, have done double damage.They have failed as economic policy, worsening unemployment without restoringconfidence; a Europe-wide recession now looks likely even if the immediatethreat of financial crisis is contained. And they have created immense anger,with many Europeans furious at what is perceived, fairly or unfairly (oractually a bit of both), as a heavy-handed exercise of German power.Nobody familiar with Europe’s history canlook at this resurgence of hostility without feeling a shiver. Yet there may beworse things happening.Right-wing populists are on the rise fromAustria, where the Freedom Party (whose leader used to have neo-Naziconnections) runs neck-and-neck in the polls with established parties, toFinland, where the anti-immigrant True Finns party had a strong electoral showinglast April. And these are rich countries whose economies have held up fairlywell. Matters look even more ominous in the poorer nations of Central andEastern Europe.Source text2:我们从人的观点来说，人之所以高贵于禽兽者在于他的心灵。