大学英语四级改革阅读理解新题型—匹配题练习最新

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大学英语四级信息匹配

大学英语四级信息匹配

大学英语四、六级考试信息匹配题阅读训练Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraph. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Passage 1Surviving the RecessionA)America’s recession began quietly at the end of 2007. Since then ithas evolved into a global crisis. Reasonable people may disagree about whom to blame. Financiers who were not as clever as they thought they were Regulators falling asleep at work Consumers who borrowed too much Politicians who thoughtlessly promoted home-ownership for those who could not afford it All are guilt; and what a mess they have created.B)Since 2007 America has shed 5 million jobs. More than 15% of theworkforce are jobless or underemployed—roughly 25 million workers.The only industries swelling their payrolls are health care, utilities and the federal government. The value of listed shares in American firms collapsed by 57% from its peak in October 2007 to a low in March this year, though it has since bounded back somewhat. Industrial production fell by % in the year to March, the worst slide since the Second World War. Mark Zandi, an economist at Moody’s , predicts that the recession will shrink America’s economy by % in total. “For most executives, this is the worst business environment they’ve everseen.”C)Times are so tough that even bosses are taking pay cuts. Median (中位数的)pay for chief executives of S&P 500 companies fell % in 2008.The overthrown business giants of Wall Street took the biggest knock, with average pay cuts of 38% and median bonuses of zero. But there was some pain for everyone: median pay for chief executives of non-financial firms in the S&P 500 fell by %.D)Nearly every business has a sad tale to tell. For example, Arne Sorenson,the president of Marriott hotel, likens the crisis to the downturn that hit his business after September 11th, 2001. When the twin towers fell, Americans stopped travelling. Marriott had its worst quarter ever, with revenues per room falling by 25%. This year, without a terrorist attack, the hotel industry is “putting the same numbers on the board”, says Mr. Sorenson.E)Other industries have suffered even more. Large numbers of builders,property firms and retailers have gone bankrupt. And a disaster has hit Detroit. Last year the American car industry had the capacity to make 17 million vehicles. Sales in 2009 could be barely half of that.The Big Three American carmakers—General Motors, Ford and Chrysler —accumulated ruinous costs over the post-war years, such as gold-plated health plans and pensions for workers who retired as young as 48. All three are desperately restructuring. Only Ford may survive in its current form.F)Hard times breed hard feeling. Few Americans understand what causedthe recession. Some are seeking scapegoats (替罪羊). Politicians are happy to take advantage. Bosses have been summoned to Washington to be scolded on live television. The president condemns their greed.G)Business folks are bending over backwards to avoid seeming extravagant.Meetings at resorts are suddenly unacceptable. Goldman Sachs, an investment bank, cancelled a conference in Las Vegas at the last minute and rebooked it in San Francisco, which cost more but sounded less fun. H)Anyway, the pain will eventually end. American business will regainits shine. Many firms will die, but the survivors will emerge leaner and stronger than before. The financial sector’s share of the economy will shrink, and stay shrunk for years to come. The importance of non-financial firms will accordingly rise, along with their ability to attract the best talent. America will remain the best place on earth to do business, so long as Barack Obama and the Democrats in Congress resist the temptation to interfere too much, and so long as organized labors does not overplay its hand.I)Mr. Obama’s plan to curb carbon dioxide emissions (排放), thoughnecessary, will be far from cost-free, whatever his sunny speeches on the subject might suggest. The shift to a low-carbon economy will help some firms, hurt others and require every organization that uses much energy to rethink how it operates. It is harder to predict how Mr.Obama’s proposed reforms to the failing health-care system will turn out. If he succeeds in curbing costs—a big if—it would be a huge gain for America. Some business will benefit but the vast bulk of the savings will be captured by workers, not their employers.J)In the next couple of years the businesses that thrive will be those that are tight with costs, careful of debt, cautious with cash flow and extremely attentive to what customers want. They will include plenty of names no one has yet heard of.K)Times change, and corporations change with them. In 1955 Time’s Manof the Year was Harlow Curtice, the boss of GM. His firm was leading America towards “a new economic order”, the magazine wrote. Thanks to men like Curtice, “the bonds of scarcity” had been broken and America was rolling “to an all-time high of prosperity”. Soon, Americans would need to spend “comparatively little time earning a living”.L)Half a century later GM is a typical example for poor management. In March its chief executive was fired by Time’s current Man of the Year, Mr. Obama. The government now backs up the domestic car industry, lending it money and overseeing its turnaround plans. With luck, this will be short-lived. But there is a danger that Washington will end up micromanaging not only Detroit but also other parts of the economy.And clever as Mr. Obama’s advisers are, history suggests they will be bad at this.1.The America’s recession affected the hotel industry as badly as the9/11 terrorist attack.2.Businessmen are trying to avoid seeming wasteful in response to therecession.3.In the near future, a thriving business will go with cautiousmanagement tactics.4.Much doubt remains whether the Obama administration will do well inmicromanaging the America’s economy.5.A combination of causes is responsible for the current Americanrecession, which began in 2007.6.The government is not supposed to interfere too much in Americanbusinesses.7.The big Three American carmakers need restructuring to survive due totheir accumulation of the ruinous costs over the post-war years.8.In March, GM”s chief executive was fired by Obama for poor management.9.According to the author, Obama’s plan to limit carbon dioxideemissions will by no means be inexpensive.10.At the worst time, the total value of listed shares in American firmsshrank by fifty-seven percent.(D G J L A H E L I B)Passage twoSmall schools RisingA)This year’s list of the top 100 high schools shows that today, thosewith fewer students are flourishing.B)Fifty years ago, they were the latest thing in educational reform: big,modern, suburban high schools with students counted in the thousands.As baby boomers(二战后婴儿潮时期出生的人)came of high-school age, big schools promised economic efficiency. A greater choice of courses, and, of course, better football teams. Only years later did we understand the trade-offs this involved: the creation of excessive bureaucracies(官僚机构),the difficulty of forging personal connections between teachers and students. SAT scores began dropping in 1963; today, on average, 30% of students do not complete high school in four years, a figure that rises to 50% in poor urban neighborhoods.While the emphasis on teaching to higher, test-driven standards as set in No Child Left Behind resulted in significantly better performance in elementary (and some middle) schools, high schools for a varietyof reason seemed to have made little progress.C)Size isn’t everything, but it does matter, and the past decade hasseen a noticeable countertrend toward smaller schools. This has been due, in part, to the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation, which has invested $ billion in American high schools, helping to open about 1000 small schools—most of them with about 400 kids each, with an average enrollment of only 150 per grade. About 500 more are on the drawing board. Districts all over the county are taking notice, along with mayors in cities like New York, Chicago and San Diego. The movement includes independent public charter schools, such as BASIS in Tucson, with only 120 high-schools and 18 graduates this year. It embraces district-sanctioned magnet schools, such as the Talented and Gifted School, with 198 students, and the Science and Engineering Magnet, with 383, which share a building in Dallas, as well as the City Honors School in Buffalo, ., which grew out of volunteer evening seminars for students. And it includes alternative schools with students selected by lottery(抽签), such as Woodlawn in Arlington, Va. And most noticeable of all, there is the phenomenon of large urban and suburban high schools that have split up into smaller units of a few hundred, generally housed in the same grounds that once boasted thousands of students all marching to the same band.D)Hillsdale High School in San Mateo, Calif., is one of those, rankingNo. 423—among the top 2% in the country—on Newsweek’s annual ranking of America’s top high schools. The success of small schools is apparent in the listings. Ten years ago, when the first Newsweek list based on college-level test participation was published, only three of the top 100 schools had graduating classes smaller than 100 students.This year there are 22. Nearly 250 schools on the full Newsweek list of the top 5% of schools nationally had fewer than 200 graduates in 2007.E)Although many of Hillsdale’s students came from wealthy households,by the late 1990 average test scores were sliding and it had earned the unaffectionate nickname “Hillsjail”. Jeff Gibert, a Hillsdale teacher who became principal last year, remembers sitting with other teachers watching students file out of a graduation ceremony and asking one another in astonishment, “How did that student graduated”F)So in 2003 Hillsdale remade itself into three “houses”, romanticallynamed Florence, Marrakech and Kyoto. Each of the 300 arriving ninth graders are randomly assigned to one of the houses, where they will keep the same four core subject teachers for two years, before moving on to another for 11th and 12th grades. The closeness this system cultivates is reinforced by the institution of “advisory” classes.Teachers meet with students in groups of 25, five mornings a week, for open-ended discussions of everything from homework problems to bad Saturday-night dates. The advisers also meet with students privately and stay in touch with parents, so they are deeply invested in the students’success. “We’re constantly talking about one another’s advisers,” says English teacher Chris Crockett. “If you hear that yours isn’t doing well in math, or see them sitting outside the dean’s office, it’s like a personal failure.”Along with the new structure came a more demanding academic program, the percentage of freshmen taking biology jumped from 17 to 95. “It was rough for some. But by senior year, two-thirds have moved up to physics,”says Gilbert. “Our kids are coming to school in part because they know there are adultshere who know them and care for them.” But not all schools show advances after downsizing, and it remains to be seen whether smaller schools will be a cure-all solution.G)The Newsweek list of top . high schools was made this year, as in yearspast, according to a single metric, the proportion of students taking college-level exams. Over the years the system has come in for its share of criticism for its simplicity. But that is also its strength: it’s easy for readers to understand, and to do the arithmetic for their own schools if they’d like.H)Ranking schools is always controversial, and this year a group of 38superintendents(地区教育主管)from five states wrote to ask that their schools be excluded from the calculation. “It is impossible to know which high schools are ‘the best’in the nation,”their letter read, in part. “Determining whether different schools do or don’t offera high quality of education requires a look at many different measures,including students’overall academic accomplishments and their subsequent performance in college. And taking into consideration the unique needs of their communities.”I)In the end the superintendents agreed to provide the data we sought,which is, after all, public information. There is, in our view, no real dispute here; we are all seeking the same thing, which is schools that better serve our children and our nation by encouraging students to make tough subjects under the guidance of gifted teachers. And if we keep working toward that goal, someday, perhaps a list won’t be necessary.1.In practical use, simplicity is still considered a strength ofNewsweek’s school ranking system in spite of the criticism it receives.2.As a result setting up big schools, students’ performance declined.3.Newsweek ranked high schools according to their college-level testparticipation.4.Half a century ago, big, modern, suburban high schools were establishedto ensure efficient education for baby boomers.5.It is agreed that qualified teachers, better services andencouragement are keys to reaching the ultimate goal of school education.6.The most noticeable trend in high school education is the splittingof large schools into smaller ones.7.It is still unknown whether smaller schools will be a solution to alleducational problems.8.High schools funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation are smallin size.9.Different measures should be used in assessing the quality of schooleducation.10.The “advisory” classes at Hillsdale were set up so that studentscould maintain closer relationship with their teachers.(G B D B I C F C H F)Passage 3.HighwaysA)Early in the 20th century, most of the streets and roads in the . weremade of dirt, brick, and cedar wood blocks. Built for horse, carriage, and foot traffic, they were usually poorly cared for and too narrowto accommodate(容纳)automobiles.B)With the increase in auto production, private turnpike(收费公路)companies under local authorities began to spring up, and by 1921 there were 387000 miles of paved roads. Many were built using specifications of 19th century Scottish engineers Thomas Telford and John MacAdam (for whom the macadam surface is named), whose specifications stressed the importance of adequate drainage. Beyond that, there were no national standards for size, weight restrictions, or commercial signs. During World War I. roads throughout the country were nearly destroyed by the weight of trucks. When General Eisenhower returned from Germany in 1919, after serving in the . army’s first transcontinental motor convoy (车队), he noted: “The old convoy had started me thinking about good, two-lane highways, but Germany’s Autobahn or motorway had made me see the wisdom of broader ribbons across the land.”C)It would take another war before the federal government would act ona national highway system. During World War II, a tremendous increasein trucks and new roads were required. The war demonstrated how critical highways were to the defense effort. Thirteen percent of defense plants received all their supplies by truck, and almost all other plants shipped more than half of their products by vehicle. The war also revealed that local control of highways had led to a confusing variety of design standards. Even federal and state highways did not follow basic standards. Some states allowed trucks up to 36000 pounds, while others restricted anything over 7000 pounds. A government study recommended a national highway system of 33920 miles, and congress soon passed the Federal-Aid Highway Act of 1944, which called for strict, centrally controlled design criteria.D)The interstate highway system was finally launched in 1956 and has beenhailed as one of the greatest public works projects of the century.To build its 44000-mile web of highways, bridges, and tunnels, hundreds of unique engineering designs and solutions had to be worked out.Consider the many geographic features of the country: mountains, steep grades, wetlands, rivers, deserts and plains. Variables included the slope of the land, the ability of the pavement to support the load, the intensity of road use, and the nature of the underlying soil. Urban areas were another problem. Innovative designs of roadways, tunnels, bridges, overpasses, and interchanges that could run through or bypass urban areas soon began to weave their way across the country, forever altering the face of America.E)Long-span, segmented-concrete, cable-stayed bridges such as HaleBoggs in Louisiana and the Sunshine Skyway in Florida, and remarkable tunnels like Fort McHeny in Maryland and Mt. Baker in Washington, met many of the nation’s physical challenges. Traffic control systems and methods of construction developed under the interstate program soon influenced highway construction around the world, and were invaluable in improving the condition of urban streets and traffic patterns. F)Today, the interstate system links every major city in the . with Canadaand Mexico. Built with safety in mind, the highways have wide lanes and shoulders, dividing medians, or barriers, long entry and exit lanes, curves engineered for safe turns, and limited access. The death rate on highways is half of all other . roads (.86 deaths per 100 million passenger miles compared to per 100 million on all other roads). G)By opening the North American continent, highways have enabledconsumer goods and services to reach people in remote and rural areasof the country, spurred the growth of suburbs, and provided people with greater options in term of jobs, access to cultural programs, health care, and other benefits. Above all, the interstate system provides individuals with what they cherish most: personal freedom of mobility.H)The interstate system has been an essential element of the nation’seconomic growth in terms of shipping and job creation: more than 75 percent the nation’s freight deliveries arrive by truck; and most products that arrive by rail or air use interstates for the last leg of the journey by vehicle. Not only has the highway system affected the America economy by providing shipping routes, it has led to the growth of spin-off industries like service stations, motels, restaurants, and shopping centers. It has allowed the relocation of manufacturing plants and other industries from urban areas to rural.I)By the end of the century there was an immense network of paved roads,residential streets, expressways, and freeways built to support millions of vehicles. The highway system was officially renamed for Eisenhower to honor his vision and leadership. The year construction began he said: “Together, the united forces of our communication and transportation systems are dynamic elements in the very name we bear —United States. Without them, we would be a mere alliance of many separate parts.”1.Many of the problems presented by the country’s geographical featuresfound solutions in innovative engineering projects.2.A century ago, there were almost no national standards for paved roadsin the .3.The interstate system was renamed after Eisenhower in recognition ofhis vision and leadership.4.General Eisenhower felt that the broad motorways made more sense thanthe two-lane highways of America.5.It was in the 1950s that the American government finally took actionto build a national highway system.6.Under safety considerations, the death rate on interstate highways ismuch lower than that of other American roads.7.Trucks using the interstate highways deliver more than seventy-fivepercent of the freight in .8.Thanks to the highways, American people can go anywhere they likearound the country.9.To a certain extent, the development of interstate highway system inAmerica has promoted the nation’s economic growth.10.In terms of highway construction, the whole world was influenced bythe .(D B I B D F H G H E)Passage 4The MagicianThe revolution that Steve Jobs led is only just beginningA)When it came to putting on a show, nobody else in the computer industry,or any other industry for that matter, could match Steve Jobs. His product launches, at which he would stand alone on a black stage and produce as if by magic an “incredible” new electronic gadget (小器具)in front of an amazed crowd, were the performances of a master showman. All computers do is fetch and work with numbers, he onceexplained, but do it fast enough and “the results appear to be magic”.Mr. Jobs, who died recently aged 56, spent his life packaging the magic into elegantly designed, easy-to-use products.B)The reaction to his death, with people leaving candles and flowersoutside Apple stores and politicians singing praises on the internet, is proof that Mr. Jobs had become something much more significant than just a clever money-maker. He stood out in three ways—as a technologist, as a corporate leader and as somebody who was able to make people love what had previously been impersonal, functional gadgets. Strangely, it is this last quality that may have the deepest effect on the way people live. The era of personal technology is in many ways just beginning.C)As a technologist, Mr. Jobs was different because he was not an engineer—and that was his great strength. Instead he was keenly interested in product design and aesthetics(美学), and in making advanced technology simple to use. He repeatedly took an existing but half-formed idea—the mouse-driven computer, the digital music player, the smartphone, the tablet computer(平板电脑)—and showed the rest of the industry how to do it properly. Rival firms competed with each other to follow where he led. In the process he brought about great changes in computing, music, telecoms and the news business that were painful for existing firms but welcomed by millions of consumers. D)Within the wider business world, a man who liked to see himself as ahippy, permanently in revolt against big companies, ended up being hailed by many of those corporate giants as one of the greatest chief executives of his time. That was partly due to his talents: showmanship, strategic vision, an astonishing attention to detail and a dictatorialmanagement style which many bosses must have envied. But most of all it was the extraordinary trajectory(轨迹)of his life. His fall from grace in the 1980s, followed by his return to Apple in 1996 after a period in the wilderness, is an inspiration to any businessperson whose career has taken a turn for the worse. The way in which Mr. Jobs revived the failing company he had co-founded and turned it into the world’s biggest tech firm (bigger even than Bill Gate’s Microsoft, the company that had outsmarted Apple so dramatically in the 1980s), sounds like something from a Hollywood movie.E)But what was perhaps most astonishing about Mr. Jobs was the absoluteloyalty he managed to inspire in customers. Many Apple users feel themselves to be part of a community, with Mr. Jobs as its leader. And there was indeed a personal link. Apple’s products were designed to accord with the boss’s taste and to meet his extremely high standards.Every iPhone or MacBook has his fingerprints all over it. His great achievement was to combine an emotional spark with computer technology, and make the resulting product feel personal. And that is what put Mr.Jobs on the right side of history, as technological innovation has moved into consumer electronics over the past decade.F)As our special report in this issue (printed before Mr. Job s’s death)explains, innovation used to spill over from military and corporate laboratories to the consumer market, but lately this process has gone into reverse. Many people’s homes now have more powerful, and more flexible, devices than their offices do; consumer gadgets and online services are smarter and easier to use than most companies’systems.Familiar consumer products are being adopted by businesses, government and the armed forces. Companies are employing in-house versions ofFacebook and creating their own “app stores”to deliver software to employees. Doctors use tablet computers for their work in hospitals.Meanwhile, the number of consumers hungry for such gadgets continues to swell. Apple’s products are now being snapped up in Delhi and Dalian just as in Dublin and Dallas.G)Mr. Jobs had a reputation as a control freak(怪人), and his criticscomplained that the products and systems he designed were closed and inflexible, in the name of greater ease of use. Yet he also empowered millions of people by giving them access to cutting-edge technology.His insistence on putting users first, and focusing on elegance and simplicity, has become deep-rooted in his own company, and is spreading to rival firms too. It is no longer just at Apple that designers ask: “What would Steve Jobs do”H)The gap between Apple and other tech firms is only likely to narrow.This week’s announcement of a new iPhone by a management team led by Tim Cook, who replaced Mr. Jobs as chief executive in August, was generally regarded as competent but uninspiring. Without Mr. Jobs to shower his star dust on the event, it felt like just another product launch from just another technology firm. At the recent unveiling ofa tablet computer by Jeff Bezos of Amazon, whose company is doing thebest job of following Apple’s lead in combining hardware, software, content and services in an easy-to-use bundle, there were several attacks at Apple. But by doing his best to imitate Mr. Jobs, Mr. Bezos also flattered him. With Mr. Jobs gone, Apple is just one of many technology firms trying to arouse his uncontrollable spirit in new products.I)Mr. Jobs was said by an engineer in the early years of Apple to emita “reality distortion(扭曲)field”, such were his powers ofpersuasion. But in the end he created a reality of his own, channeling the magic of computing into products that reshaped entire industries.The man who said in his youth that he wanted to “put a ding in the universe” did just that.1.Steve Jobs was obsessed with elegant and user-friendly gadgets, whichwas his great strength.2.In spite of the user-friendliness of Apple products, criticscomplained that they were closed and inflexible.3.Steve Jobs fulfilled his promise and had succeeded in redefining theproducts in computer industries.4.Steve Jobs started the era of personal technology, which has a profoundimpact on people’s way of life.5.Steve Jobs was thought highly of by leaders of many large companiesfor his achievements and personal charm.6.Integrating the easy-to-use elements to the utmost, Amazon has becomethe best Apple follower many technology firms.7.Apple’s products are very popular in many industries and places,bringing much comfort and convenience to people’s life and work. 8.No one can be compared with Steve Jobs in showmanship in the computerindustry or any other related industries.9.Having so many faithful users was the most amazing part of Steve Job s’success.10.For those who have suffered failures in business, Steve Jobs’ lifeexperience serves as an inspiration.(C G I B D H F A E D)。

新四级阅读匹配题答案

新四级阅读匹配题答案

四级阅读新题型--信息匹配题Model Test 1D 1 American universities prepare their undergraduates for global careers by giving them chances for international study or internship.C 2 Since the mid-1970s, the enrollment of overseas students has increased at an annual rate of 3.9 percent.I 3 The enrollment of international students will have a positive impact on America rather than threaten its competitiveness.E 4 The way research is carried out in universities has changed as a result of globalization.C 5 Of the newly hired professors in science and engineering in the United States, twenty percent come from foreign countries.H 6 The number of foreign students applying to U.S. universities decreased sharply after September 11 due to changes in the visa process.G7 The U.S. federal funding for research has been unsteady for years.F 8 Around the world, governments encourage the model of linking university-based science and industrial application. A9 Present-day universities have become a powerful force for global integration.I10 When foreign students leave America, they will bring American values back to their home countries.Model Test 2F1. The Coast-to-Coast Rock Highway was finished in 1930s.C 2. The Natchez Trace was not a road in a real sense because it was just a path used by walking or riding.I3. In the late 20th century, the Interstate Highway System was officially renamed after Eisenhower in honor of his vision and the leadership.A4. By using the national road system, one can drive to almost anywhere of America without stopping.F5. Eisenhower once believed that a national highway system would come to the aid of national defense. G6. Legislation that built a national highway system was not signed until the 1950s.H7. The experience gained while building the system had worldwide influence on the building of highways.I8.The biggest change brought about by the interstate system was to provide people with freedom of mobilityH9. It is believed that trucks using the Interstate Highway System deliver more than 75 percent of all goods..E10. Although Henry Joy agreed to fund the project of the Coast-to-Coast Rock Highway, he askedto name the highway after a President.Model Test 3H 1. This is a puzzle for many people uneasy about experimenting on the brains of creatures so close in evolutionary terms to ourselves as primates.E2. The marmosets are housed in big rooms and the cages are full of ladders, beams and ropes.F 3. In the experiment, Peter tries his best to offer all their welfares to the animals. He prepares the monkeys’ dailymenu in the marmoset kitchen by himself.B4. The experiments show that the specific brain region even a quiet small area knocked out is extremely important for subtle behavioral abilities.D5. Police have found Jessica’s name on a hit list compiled by animal rights extremists as a target,because her teats on animals.G6. In fact, mistreatments of animals in experiments would be counter-productive, because animals forced into participating in experiments would give results which are not reliable lead to fail endings.C7. This Spring, the renowned primatologist, Dr Jane Goodall urged the EU to do more to promote other ways to cures in order to end primate testing altogether.I 8. OCD patients feel compelled to repeat behaviors such as washing their hands.A9. Looking at the screen for a long time, Anna opts for the diamond and is plunged into darkness in her glass box.G10. Groups who oppose animals testing claim that scientists treat their monkeys badly and force them to perform by starving them and withholding water.Model Test 4H 1 Most scientists believe there is the critical time for language acquisition.F 2 Electrical measurements are used to show that young children use a much larger area of the brain than older children or adults.H 3 Although young children use large areas of the brain for language processing early in life, they later utilize circuits in the left brain area as this enhances language-learning.B 4 Brushing our teeth, signing our names or driving a car we don’t need conscious think.C 5 Window of opportunity is almost closed when we become adults.G 6 It is the brain’s left hemisphere that is more suitable for language development even if it is inured.B7 We know that deep motor area controls the movement of the hands.E8 Plausibility has non-physiological and physiological explanations in common.C9 Even if adults receive much training in a second language their brains are still operating differently from children’s on a neurological level.D 10Foreign language teacher affect the latest research.Model Test 5G 1 Simplicity is still considered a strength of Newsweek’s school ranking system in spite of the criticism it receives.I 2 To better serve the children and our nation, schools should hire gifted teachers and encourage students to take tough subjects.E 3 In the late 1990s, Hillsdale’s students’ school performance was getting worse.H 4 According to the 38 superintendents, to rank schools scientifically, it is necessary to use many different measures.C 5 Most noticeable of all, some large schools have split up into smaller ones in high school education.C 6 The schools funded by the Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation are mostly small in size.D7 Newsweek ranked high schools according to their college-level test participation.A 8 Fifty years ago, big, modern, suburban high schools were established in the hope of providing good education for baby boomers.B9 As a result of setting up big schools, students’ performance declined.F10 According to Jeff Gilbert, the “advisory” classes at Hillsdale were set up so that students could maintain closer relationships with their teachers.Model Test 6H 1. The development of the inter-state highway system promoted service stations, motels and restaurants.F2. Because of safety considerations, the death rate on interstate highways is lower than that of other American roads.G 3.The greatest benefit brought about by the interstate system was personal freedom of mobility.H4. Trucks using the interstate highways deliver more than 75percent of the nation’s freight.B5. General Eisenhower felt that the broad German motorways made more sense than the two-Lane highways of America.I6. The interstate system was renamed after Eisenhower in recognition his vision and leadership.B7. There were no national standards for paved roads were in place by 1921.D8. It was in the 1950s that the American government finally took action to build a national highway system.D9. Many of the problems presented by the country's geographical features found solutions in innovative engineering projects.G10. The interstate highway system provides people with greater options in terms of jobs, access to cultural programs, health care, and other benefits in America.Model Test 7G 1 Using a special email address in the job search can help prevent you from receiving unwelcome emails.B 2 Robert Ellis Smith believes identity theft is difficult to detect and one can hardly do anything to prevent it.C 3 In many cases, identity theft not only causes the victims’ immediate financial losses but costs them a lot to restore their reputation.A 4 Identity theft is a major offence and it is estimated that as many as 750,000 Americans are victims of identity theft every year.D 5 It is important that your resume not stay online longer than is necessary.E 6 offers three levels of privacy from which job seekers can choose.F7 Applicants are advised to use generic names for themselves and their current employers when seeking employment online.H8 To protect your references, you should not post online their names and contact information.A 9 According to the passage, identity theft is committed typically for economic gain.I10 Employers do not require applicants to submit very personal information with an initial application.Model Test 8H1Until just before 1952’s Christmas the death rate remained above 900 per day.F2 In the Isle of Dogs, the fog was so thick that people could not see their own feet!D3 Particles and gases from factory chimney were trapped beneath the inversion of an anticyclone.E4 Early on 5 December in the London area, weather conditions were ideal for the formation of radiation fog.C5 The fog of December 1952 was not the first to bring death and inconveniences to the capital.I6 Legislation following the Great smog of 1952 was effective at controlling pollution in London.D7 To keep warm, the people of London were burning large quantities of coal in their grates.A8 The fogs endangered health and also posed a threat to travelers who lost their way and thus become an easy prey to robbers.D9 The people of London were burning large quantities of coal in their grates in order to keep warm.A10 Like other major cities, London is badly affected by the polluted and noxious mists and fogs.。

英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习及答案-4

英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习及答案-4

Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter.长篇阅读Definitions of ObesityA) How does one define when a person is considered to be obese and not just somewhat overweight? Height-weight tables give an approximate guideline as to whether one is simply overweight or has passed into the obese stage.B) The World Health Organization recommends using a formula that takes into account a person's height and weight. The "Body Mass Index" (BMI) is calculated by dividing the person's weight in kilograms by the square of their height in meters, and is thus given in units of kg/m2. A BMI of 18.5-24.9 is considered to be the healthiest. A BMI of between 25 and 29.9 is considered to be overweight, while a BMI of over 30 is considered to be obese.C) However, it is recognized that this definition is limited as it does not take into account such variables as age, gender and ethnic origin, the latter being important as different ethnic groups have very different fat distributions. Another shortcoming is that it is not applicable to certain very muscular people such as athletes and bodybuilders, who can also have artificially high BMIs. Agencies such as the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) in the USA and the International Diabetes Foundation (IDF) are starting to define obesity in adults simply in terms of waist circumference.Health Effects of ObesityD) Over 2000 years ago, the Greek physician Hippocrates wrote that "persons who are naturally very fat are apt to die earlier than those who are slender". This observation remains very true today. Obesity has a major impact on a person's physical, social and emotional well-being. It increases the risk of developing diabetes mellitus type 2 ("mature onset diabetes") and also makes Type 2 diabetes more difficult to control. Thus weight loss improves the levels of blood glucose and blood fats, and reduces blood pressure. The association between obesity and coronary heart disease is also well-known.CancerE) Furthermore, in 2001 medical researchers established a link between being overweight and certain forms of cancer, and estimated that nearly 10,000 Britons per year develop cancer as a result of being overweight. This figure was made up of 5,893 women and 3,220 men, with the strongest associations being with breast and colon cancers. However, it is thought that being overweight may also increase the risk of cancer in the reproductive organs for women and in the prostate gland for men.F) The link between breast cancer and nutritional status is thought to be due to the steroid hormones oestrogen and progesterone, which are produced by the ovaries, and govern a woman's menstrual cycle. Researchers have found that the more a woman eats, or the more sedentary her lifestyle, the higher are the concentrations of progesterone. This link could explain why women from less affluent countries have lower rates of breast cancer. Women from less affluent nations tend to eat less food and to lead lifestyles which involve more daily movement. This lowers their progesterone level, resulting inlower predisposition to breast cancer.G) The Times newspaper, in 2002 reported that obesity was the main avoidable cause of cancer among non-smokers in the Western world!AgingH) Research published by St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK in 2005 showed a correlation between body fat and aging, to the extent that being obese added 8.8 years to a woman's biological age. The effect was exacerbated by smoking, and a non-overweight woman who smokes 20 cigarettes a day for 20 years added 7.4 years to their biological age. The combination of being obese and asmoker added at least ten years to a woman’s biological age, and although the study only involved women, the lead researcher Professor Tim Spector believes the finding would also apply to men.I) The aging effect was determined by measuring the length of telomeres, tiny "caps" on the ends of chromosomes, which help protect the DNA from the ageing process. Indeed, telomeres have been dubbed the "chromosomal clock" because, as an organism ages, they become progressively shorter, and can be used to determine the age of the organism. Beyond a certain point, the telomere becomes so short that it is no longer able to prevent the DNA of the chromosome from falling apart. It is believed that excess body fat, and the chemicals present in tobacco smoke release free radicals which trigger inflammation. Inflammation causes the production of white blood cells which increases the rate of erosion of telomeres.DementiaJ) Recent research (2005) conducted in the USA shows that obesity in middle age is linked to an increased risk of dementia, with obese people in their 40s being 74% more likely to develop dementia compared to those of normal weight. For those who are merely overweight, the lifetime risk of dementia risk was 35% higher.K) Scientists from the Aging Research Centre at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden have been able to take information such as age, number of years in education, gender, body mass index, blood pressure level, physical activity and genetic factors, assigning each a risk score. They then used this information to devise a predictive test for dementia. This test will enable people at risk, for the first time, to be able to affect lifestyle changes which will reduce their risk of contracting dementia.Other ProblemsL) The world-wide upsurge in obesity, particularly in children, is of major economic concern, liable to drain economies. Of further concern is that research conducted in Australia and published in 2006, shows that up to one third of breech pregnancies were undetected by the traditional "palpation" examination, the danger being greatest for those women who are overweight or obese—a growing proportion of mothers. This means that such women are not getting thetreatment required to turn the baby around in time for the birth, and in many cases require an emergency Caesarean section.M) This is a true health-care crisis, far bigger than Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and ultimately, even bigger than AIDS.对应题目:1. You can judge whether one is simply overweight or has passed into the obese stage according to the height-weight table.2. Using the "Body Mass Index" to define a person's weight ideal is limited, because it does not takes into account many variables such as age, gender and ethnic origin.3. A person's emotional well-being would be affected by obesity.4. Obesity has something to do with cancer in the prostate gland for man.5. Women from less affluent nations tend to have much less breast cancer.6. A non-overweight woman who smokes 20 cigarettes a day for 20 years added7.4 years to her biological age.7. The excess body fat, like the chemicals present in tobacco smoke, can lead to inflammation.8. Obese people in middle age run an increased risk of dementia .9. The predictive test for dementia will help people to affect lifestyle changes that will reduce their risk of contracting dementia.10. The world-wide upsurge in obesity, particularly in children, will possibly drain economies.参考答案:1. A2. C3. D4. E5. F6. H7. I8. J9. K10. L。

大学英语四级长篇阅读匹配练习题

大学英语四级长篇阅读匹配练习题

大学英语四级长篇阅读匹配练习题下面是店铺整理的大学英语四级长篇阅读匹配练习题,希望对大家有帮助。

大学英语四级长篇阅读匹配练习题:Has a tech entrepreneur come up with a product to replace our meA.s?A.In December of 2012,three young men were living in a claustrophobic(患幽闭恐惧症的)apartment in San Francisco’s Tenderloin district,working on a technology startup.They had received a hundred and seventy thousand dollars from the incubator Y Combinator.but their project—a plan to make inexpensive cell-phone towers——had failed.Down to their last seventy thousand dollars.they resolved to keep trying out new software ideas until they ran out of money.But how to make the funds last?Rent was a sunk cost.Since they were working frantically,they already had no social life.As they examined their budget,one big problem remained:food.B.They had been living mostly on ramen,com dogs,and Costco frozen quesadillas——supplemented by Vitamin C tablets,to stave ofr scurvy(坏血病)——but the grocery bills were still adding up.Rob Rhinehart,one of the entrepreneurs,began to resent the fact that he had to eat at all.“Food was such a large burden,”he told me recently.“It was also the time and the hassle.We had a very small kitchen,and no dishwasher.”He tried out his own version of“Super Size Me.”living on McDonald’s dollar meals and five.dollar pizzas from Little Caesars.But after a week.he said,“I felt like l was going to die.”Kale was all the rage——and cheap——so next he tried an all.kale diet.But that did not work,either.“I was starving,”hesaid.C.Rhinehart,who is twenty-five,studied electrical engineering at Georgia Tech,and he began to consider food as an engineering problem.“You need amino acids(氨基酸)and lipids,not milk itself,”he said.“You need carbohydrates(碳水化合物),not bread.”Fruits and vegetables provide essential Vitamins and minerals.but they’re“mostly water.”He began to think that food was an inefficient way:of geRing what he needed to survive.“It iust seemed like a system that’s too complex and too expensive and too fragile,”he t old me.D.What if he went straight to the law chemical components?He took a break from experimenting with software and studied textbooks on nutrifional biochemistry and the Web sites ofthe F.D.A.,the U.S.D.A.,and the Institute of Medicine.Eventually,Rhinehan compiled a list of thirty-five nutrients required for survival.Then,instead of heading to the grocery store,he ordered them ofr the Intemet--mostlyin powder or pill form——and poured everything into a blender'with some water.The result.a slurry of chemicals,looked like gooey lemonade.Then,he told me,“I started living on it.”E.Rhinehart called his potion Soylent,which,for most people,evokes the 1973 science-fiction film“Soylent Green.”starring Charlton Heston.The movie is set in a dystopian future where,because ofoverpopulation and pollution,people live on mysterious wafers called Soylent Green.The film ends with the ghastly revelation that Soylent Green is made from human flesh.F.Rhinehart’s roommates were skeptical.One told me,“It seemed pretty weird.”T hey kept shopping at Costco.After a month,Rhinehart published the results of his experiment in ablog post,titled“How I Stopped Eating Food.”The post has a“Eureka!”tone.The chemical potion,Rhinehart reported,was“delicious!I felt like l’d just had the best breakfast of my life.”Drinking Soylent was saving him time and money:his food costs had dropped from four hundred and seventy dollars a month to fifty.And physically,he wrote,“I feel like the six million dollar mail.My physique has noticeably improved,my skin is clearer,my teeth whiter,my hair thicker and my dandruff gone.”He concluded.“I haven’t eaten a bite of food in thirty days,and it's changed my lifc.”In a fcw weeks,his blog post was at the top of Hacker News——a water cooler for the tech industry.Reac tions were polarized.“RIP Rob,”a comment on Rhinehart’s blog read.But other people asked for his formula,which,in the spirit of the“open source”movement,he posted online.G.One of Silicon Valley’s cultural exports in the past ten years has been the concept of“life hacking”:devising tricks to streamline the obligations of daily life.thereby freeing yourself up for whateveryou’d rather be doing.Rhinehart’s“future food”seemed a clever work.around.Lifehackers everywherebegan to test it out,and then to make their own versions.Soon commenters on Reddit were sparring about the appropriate dose of calcium-magnesium powder.Atier three months,Rhinehart said,he realized that his mixture had the makings of a company:“It provided more value to my life than any app.”He an d his roommates put aside their software ideas.and got into the synthetic.food business.H. To attract funding,Rhinehart and his roommates turned to the Internet:they set up a crowd-funding campaign in which people could receive a week’s supply of manufact ured Soylentfor sixty-five dollars.They started with a fund.raising goal of a hundred thousand dollars,which they hoped to raise in a month.But when thev opened up to donations,RhinehaIt says,“we got that in two hours.”Last week,the first thirty thousand units of commercially made Soylent were shipped out to customers across America.In addition to the crowd.funding money,its production was financed by Silicon Valley venture capitalists,including Y Combinator and the blue.chip investment firm Andreessen Horowitz,which contributed a million dollars.I. Soylent has been heralded by the press as“the end of food,”which is a somewhat bleak prospect.It conjares up visions of a world devoid of pizza parlors and taco stands——our kitchens stocked with beige powder instead of banana bread,our spaghetti nights and ice-cream socials replaced by evenings sipping sludge.J.But,Rhinehart says,that’s not exactly his vision.“Most of people’s meals are forgotten,”he told me.He imagines that,in the future,“we’ll see a separati on between our meals for utility and function,and our meals for experience and socialization.”Soylent isn’t coming for our Sunday potlucks.It’s coming for our frozen quesadillas.46.What will be the consequence of his direct study of raw chemical components?47.What we really need for survival is the nutritional elements of food instead of the food itself.48.The concept of life hacking is to encourage people to live reasonably and to be yourself.49.Soylent is not prepared for our Sunday potlucks,but an alternative options for junk food.50.Rent is definitely a cost you paid without the possibility of regain.51.I feel that I have become a man who could not be beRer than before in physical condition.52.Soylent has predicted the bleak future of food,the end of food.53.Food is trouble.making and time.consuming.st week,the first batch of commercial Soylent was delivered to other parts of the world.55.The film is on the background of a visionally terrible future,in which people live by Soylent owing to the overpopulation and pollution.46.what will be the consequence of his direct study of raw chemical components?如果他直接研究原材料的化学成分又会是什么结果呢?47.What we really need for survival is the nutritional elements of food instead of the food itself.人们真正需要的不是食物本身,而是食物能带给我们的营养成分。

2023年6月份四级信息匹配题第三套

2023年6月份四级信息匹配题第三套

2023年6月份四级信息匹配题第三套一、理论基础1.1 信息匹配题的定义信息匹配题是指根据所给的一组信息,从另一组信息中找出与之匹配的内容的题目。

在四级考试中,信息匹配题通常包括一篇短文和一组相关信息,考生需要通过阅读短文,将问题与相应的信息进行匹配,以完成题目要求。

1.2 信息匹配题的意义信息匹配题是考查考生对文章内容的理解和抽取信息的能力,能够检验考生对英语语言的理解和运用能力。

通过练习信息匹配题,考生还能提高自己的阅读能力和信息处理能力,对于提高英语水平具有重要意义。

1.3 信息匹配题的特点信息匹配题通常要求考生通过对文章内容的理解,对所给信息进行筛选和匹配。

由于题目所涉及的信息较多,因此对考生的阅读能力和信息处理能力提出了较高的要求。

考生在练习信息匹配题时,需要注重细节的把握和信息的准确理解。

二、应试技巧2.1 预览题目在做信息匹配题之前,考生应该先快速浏览文章,了解文章的主旨和大意,以便在做题时能更快地找到相关信息。

2.2 注意关键词在做信息匹配题时,应该着重关注问题中的关键词,在文章中有针对性地寻找相关信息,避免在海量信息中浪费时间。

2.3 注意选项排除在进行信息匹配时,应该留意排除法,将明显不符合的选项排除,从而减少答题范围,提高答题效率。

2.4 注意语境理解在阅读文章和信息时,应该注意理解整个语境,以避免对信息的片面理解和错误匹配。

三、练习方法3.1 多做练习题针对信息匹配题,考生应该多做练习题,尤其是做真题和模拟题,以增加对该题型的熟悉度和应对能力。

3.2 提高阅读速度信息匹配题对于阅读速度要求较高,考生可以通过提高日常的阅读量和速度来增强自己的阅读能力。

3.3 整合信息在做题时,应该学会对所给信息进行整合和归纳,以便更清晰地理解文章内容和判断信息的匹配程度。

3.4 多维讨论考生可以通过与同学或老师进行多维讨论,加深对信息匹配题的理解,从而提高答题能力。

四、总结信息匹配题是四级考试中一个重要的题型,对考生的阅读和信息处理能力提出了较高的要求。

2021年12月大学英语四级阅读理解新题型匹配题(附答案和解析)

2021年12月大学英语四级阅读理解新题型匹配题(附答案和解析)

2021年12月大学英语四级阅读理解新题型匹配题(附答案和解析)Reading prehension (40 minutes)Section B(原快速阅读理解调整为长篇阅读理解,篇章长度和难度不变。

篇章后附有10个句子,每句一题。

每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落,要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。

)Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it、 Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs、 Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived、 You may choose a paragraph more than once、 Each paragraph is marked with a letter、Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2、How to Make Peace with Your Workload[A] Swed (忙碌的),under the gun, just struggling to stay above water、、、; whatever office cliche you employ to depict it, we"ve all been in that situation where wefeel like we might be swallowed up by our workload、Noheless many a way may be used to manage your to-do list to prevent feeling overwhelmed、 How to make peace with your workload once and for all goes as follows、[B] Get organized、“Clear the deadwood out of your desk and keep your office in shape, which enhances your capability to handle other tasks and raises the probability that you’ll retrieve the items you do needin a faster and easier fashion,” says Jeff Davidson who works as a work/life expert and writer of more than50 books on workplace issues、“When something can be disposed, let it go, given in reality most of what you retain is replaceable、” Joel Rudy, vice president of operations for Photographic Solutions, with better than thirty years of business management experience, believes that keeping organized is a must、“ Messy work areas are nonproductive in some measure、 Provided that you can"t locate a document or report easily because it’s lost in a pile of mess, then you have a problematic situation,” he says、“Thereby you a re supposed to take the time to tidy up your work areas and keep yourimportant files, manuals and reports in an accessible location, which will maximize your efficiencies、”[C] Make a to-do list, then cover it up、 It may sound weird, but it works, says Jessica Carlson, an account executive at Bluefish Design Studio which is an advertising consulting firm、 Carlson urges her team to utilize to-do lists to stay on track and highlight items that are a priority、“Cover up the list, with the exception of one high-priority task at one time,” she suggests、“This will allow you to focus better on the task at hand; otherwise, it will be easy to get overwhelmed if you’re reading through a to-do list that spans an entire page、 Concentrating on a single itemwill make y our tasks appear like they are more doable,” Carlson says、[D] Stop multitasking、 Despite what you may consider multitasking, it’s counterproductive、Unless you’re drinking coffee while scanning your morning e-mails, you’re not saving any time by attemptin g to do ten things at once、“If you find yourself getting tangledin too many things, it may be of much necessity of you to re-evaluate your involvement,” Rudy says、“Your mindwill wander from one topic to another and you may end up never acplishing a thing、” Rudy remends the best way to stop multitasking is to create priority lists with deadlines、“When applicable, plete one project before you move further on to the next one,” he says、[E ] Set time limits、 Deborah Chaddock-Brown, awork-at-home single pa rent, says she’s frequently overwhelmed by the demands of maintaining order in her residence and running her own business、 Still, she manages to “do it all” by setting a time limit for each task、“I have the type of personality that flits (轻轻地掠过)from thing to thing because I do have so much on my plate,” Brown says、“As a consequence I assign time slots: For the next15 minutes I will participate insocial media for the purpose of marketing my business (not sending photos or playing Farmville)and that is the only thing I am about to do for the next15 minutes、 When the time is up, I move on to the next task、That way, at night I don’t end up with apile of tasks to acplish even though I felt busy all day、”[F ] Talk to your manager、“Quite often, people are working on things that are no longer a top priority, but someone forgot to tell them (that they’re no longer important)、 There are usually clear priorities in the manager’s head; he or she has just not done a great job municating those with the employee,” s ays Holly Green, CEO of The Human Factor、Green’s suggestion unfolds in this manner: “If you find yourself confronted with too many responsibilities, sit down, note the significant things you are in charge of, and go to your manager to have a conversation to discuss priorities, trade-offs, time mitments and interdependencies required to do each thing well, and then ask what you should stop working on or work on less so you can get the right things done、” Green says managers should be willing to help sort out priorities, so long as employees have a can-do approach and aren’t just plaining about their workload、[G ] Eliminate time wasters、“If interruptions are keeping you from your responsibilities, learn how to deal with them accordingly,” says Eileen Roth, author of Organizing for Dummies、 Roth proposes the following suggestions to bat disruptions: “Use voice mail to cutdown on telephone interruptions, turn off the alert that says ‘You’ve got an e-mail; and give staff members a set time to visit you、” Justi n Gramm, president of Globella Buyers Realty, exemplifies Roth’s point、“E-mail had been a big time waster for me in the past because it was a constant interruption, causing me to lose focus on the task at hand,” he says、 Since determined to check his e-mails only twice a day, Gramm says he has bee much more efficient、“If people want to get more work done, they need to stop checking e-mails and get down to business,” he says、[H] Assess your workload before taking on new tasks、“The paradox of today’s work environment is that the more you do, the more that’s expected of you,” Davidson says、 In order to better assess your workload, Davidson suggests asking yourself the following questions before agreeing to undertake new responsibilities: Is the task aligned (使一致)with your priorities and goals; Are you likely to be as prone to saying yes to such a request tomorrow or next week; What else could you do that would be more rewarding; What other pressing tasks and responsibilities are you likely to face; Does the otherparty have options other than you; Will he or she be crushed if you say no?[I] Want to know more? Most of our experts remended books for additional tips on how to maximize efficiency, but one book was mentioned time and again、 Check out The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People、46、“The more you do, the more you are expected to do” has been a paradox in today’s work environment、47、 As long as employees have a can-do attitude and do not just plain about their workload, the managers would like to help them decide what to do first、48、 As a single parent, Deborah Chaddock-Brown finds it difficult to make a balance between business and housework、49、 There are many useful methods of preventing people from feeling overwhelmed by workload、50、 Messy work areas are nonproductive to some extent, so you are supposed to keep your work areas tidy and important files at hand、51、To know more about how to maximize efficiency, The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People is remended、52、 In Organizing for Dummies, using voice mail to cut down on telephone interruptions and turning off thee-mail notice are suggested in bating interruptions、53、 According to Rudy, the best way to stop multitasking is to make a list of priorities and set deadlines for each task、54、 Focusing on a single matter will make your tasks appear more possible to be done、55、 In fact, most of what people retain is substitutable, so dispose the things that are disposable、答案与解析Section B46、[H]。

大学英语四级改革阅读理解新题型—匹配题练习(最新)

大学英语四级改革阅读理解新题型—匹配题练习(最新)

大学英语四级改革阅读理解新题型——匹配题练习1Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section B(原快速阅读理解调整为长篇阅读理解,篇章长度和难度不变。

篇章后附有10个句子,每句一题。

每句所含的信息出自篇章的某一段落,要求考生找出与每句所含信息相匹配的段落。

)Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Caring for elderly parents catches many unprepared[A ] Last July, Julie Baldocchi,s mother had a massive stroke and was paralyzed. Baldocchi suddenly had to become a family caregiver, something that she wasn"t pre pared for. “I was flying by the seat of my pants,” says Baldocchi, an employment specialist in San Francisco. Both of her parents are 83, and she knew her father couldn’t handle her mother’s care. The hospital recommended putting her mother in a nursing ho me. Baldocchi wasn’t willing to do that. But moving her back into her parents’ home created other problems. Baldocchi, 48, is married and lives about a mile away from her parents. She has a full-time job and has back problems that make it difficult for her to lift her mother. “I couldn’t do it all,” she says. “But I didn’t even know how to find help.”[B] With help from the Family Caregiver Alliance, she eventually hired a live-in caregiver. “But even if you plan intellectually and legally, you’re never r eady for the emotional impact,” Baldocchi says. In the first two months after her mother’s stroke, she lost about 30 pounds as stress mounted. More than 42 million Americans provide family caregiving for an adult who needs help with daily activities, according to a 2009 survey by the AARP. An additional 61.6 million provided at least some care during the year. And many are unprepared.[C] While many parents lack an advance care directive, it’s the most basic and important step they can take. The directive includes several parts, including: a durable power of attorney, which gives someone legal authority to make financial decisions on another’s behalf; a health care proxy, which is similar to the power of attorney, except it allows someone to make decisions regarding medical treatment; and a living will that outlines instructions for end-of-life care. (For example, parents can say if they want to be kept alive by artificial measures.) “It’s invaluable for the kids, because it’s hard to make those decisions for a parent,” says Jennifer Cona, an elder- law attorney at Genser Dubow Genser & Cona in Melville, N.Y. An advance care directive is the first line of defense if a situation arises, says Kathleen Kelly, executive director of the Family Caregiver Alliance, which supports and educates caregivers. Without an advance directive, the family will have to petition the court to be appointed the parent’s legal guardian, says .[D] It’s important for families to talk about long-term care so the adult children know their parents,preferences, wishes and goals, says Lynn Feinberg, a caregiving expert at AARP. But it’s not an easy conversation. Elderly parents are sometimes suspicious of their children’s financial motives, says Susan John, a financial planner at Financial Focus in Wolfeboro, N.H. One client asked John to hold a family meeting because they needed an intermediary to talk about financial issues, she says. And when there are many siblings, the family decisions can become a three-ring circus with much acrimony, says Ann-Margaret Carrozza, an elder-law attorney in Glen Cove, N.Y. Families who need information and help sorting out disagreements can call on elder-law attorneys, financial planners, geriatric care managers and caregiver support groups. In February, AARP said it will offer its members a new caregiving support service through financial services firm Genworth.[E] Many families are unprepared for quick decisions, especially when they find out that Medicare doesn’t pay for long-term care, Feinberg says. The median cost of a year in a private room at a nursing home in 2011 was $77,745, according to Genworth. And only those who have spent most of their assets can qualify for Medicaid to pay for the nursing home.[ F] Assisted living is another option. Residents can have their own apartment to maintain some independence. But the facilities generally provide personal care services, such as meals, housekeeping and assistance with activities. Still, it’s not cheap: The national median cost in 2011 was $39,135, according to Genworth. Assisted living isn’t covered by Medicaid.[G ] If they have a choice, at least 90% of elderly parents prefer to stay at home as long as they can, according toAARP research. But if the parents can no longer safely live at home, it can be hard for children to move them into an adult care facility. There may be another option. Sometimes the home can be modified so a parent can stay there. For example, Baldocchi put in a chair lift for her mother. She also arranged for a home caregiver.[H] Family caregivers take over many responsibilities. One might manage a parent’s finances, while another sibling will take the parent to doctors" appointments and shopping. Those who move in with a parent take on a significant and sustained burden of care. Jan Walker moved into her mother’s home in Leesburg, Fla. After her mother, who is 83, had fallen, she wasn’t able to get around as well. Walker, 55, has three brothers. But she is the only daughter, is divorced and has no childr en. “I always knew that this was the role that I would have, and I guess my mind was prepared for it,” says Walker, who now is a full-time caregiver and works from home as a tutorial instructor for a digital scrapbooking website. “When you get into the tre nches, it’s literally baptism by fire,” she says. “New things come up. It’s not just about advance planning for finances or medical care. It’s everything,” she says.[I ] Caregivers need to also watch their own health. “There is such a thing as caregiver burnout, ” Cona says. Among female caregivers 50 and older, 20% reported symptoms of depression, according to a 2010 study on working caregivers by MetLife. “It’s a hard job,” Walker says. “But most worthwhile things are hard. She was always there for me when I needed a helping hand. It’s only natural that I be here for her now.”46. When elderly parents cannot live at home safely, their children can change their home instead of sending them to an adult care facility.47. To talk about long-term care is not easy because sometimes aged parents are suspicious of their children’s financial motives.48. Besides advance planning for finances or medical care, family caregivers take over many other responsibilities.49. The difference between a durable power of attorney and a health care proxy is that the latter allows someone to make decisions regarding medical treatment.50. Baldocchi did not want to send her mother to a nursing home, but she had difficulty taking care of her.51. Over 42 million caregivers helped an adult with everyday activities in the USA in 2009.52. If a family needs information or help to sort out disagreements, there are many people they can call on.53. Caregivers should pay attention to their own health, or they may burn out or become depressed.54. One will have to petition the court to be the parent’s legal guardian, if there is no advance directive.55. The national median cost of assisted living in 2011 was $39,135 and it is not covered by Medicaid.答案与解析Section B46. [G]。

英语四级阅读匹配题模拟练习及答案

英语四级阅读匹配题模拟练习及答案

20XX年英语四级阅读匹配题模拟练习及答案四级阅读匹配题模拟练习:Definitions of ObesityA) How does one define when a person is considered to be obese and not just somewhat overweight? Height-weight tables give an approximate guideline as to whether one is simply overweight or has passed into the obese stage.B) The World Health Organization recommends using a formula that takes into account a persons height and weight. The "Body Mass Index" (BMI) is calculated by dividing the persons weight in kilograms by the square of their height in meters, and is thus given in units of kg/m2. A BMI of 18.5-24.9 is considered to be the healthiest. A BMI of between 25 and 29.9 is considered to be overweight, while a BMI of over 30 is considered to be obese.C) However, it is recognized that this definition is limited as it does not take into account such variables as age, gender and ethnic origin, the latter being important as different ethnic groups have very different fat distributions. Another shortcoming is that it is not applicable to certain very muscular people such as athletes and bodybuilders, who can also have artificially high BMIs. Agencies such as the National Cholesterol Education Program (NCEP) in the USA and the International Diabetes Foundation (IDF) are starting to define obesity in adults simply in terms of waist circumference.Health Effects of ObesityD) Over 2000 years ago, the Greek physician Hippocrates wrote that "persons who are naturally very fat are apt to die earlier than those who are slender". This observation remains very true today. Obesity has a major impact on a persons physical, social and emotional well-being. It increases the risk of developing diabetes mellitus type 2 ("mature onset diabetes") and also makes Type 2 diabetes more difficult to control. Thus weight loss improves the levels of blood glucose and blood fats, and reduces blood pressure. The association between obesity and coronary heart disease is also well-known.CancerE) Furthermore, in 2001 medical researchers established a link between being overweight and certain forms of cancer, and estimated that nearly 10,000 Britons per year develop cancer as a result of being overweight. This figure was made up of 5,893 women and 3,220 men, with the strongest associations being with breast and colon cancers. However, it is thought that being overweight may also increase the risk of cancer in the reproductive organs for women and in the prostate gland for men.F) The link between breast cancer and nutritional status is thought to be due to thesteroid hormones oestrogen and progesterone, which are produced by the ovaries, and govern a womans menstrual cycle. Researchers have found that the more a woman eats, or the more sedentary her lifestyle, the higher are the concentrations of progesterone. This link could explain why women from less affluent countries have lower rates of breast cancer. Women from less affluent nations tend to eat less food and to leadlifestyles which involve more daily movement. This lowers their progesterone level, resulting in lower predisposition to breast cancer.G) The Times newspaper, in 2002 reported that obesity was the main avoidable cause of cancer among non-smokers in the Western world!AgingH) Research published by St Thomas Hospital, London, UK in 2005 showed a correlation between body fat and aging, to the extent that being obese added 8.8 years to a womans biological age. The effect was exacerbated by smoking, and a non-overweight woman who smokes 20 cigarettes a day for 20 years added 7.4 years to their biological age. The combination of being obese and a smoker added at least ten years to a womans biological age, and although the study only involved women, the lead researcher Professor Tim Spector believes the finding would also apply to men.I) The aging effect was determined by measuring the length of telomeres, tiny "caps" on the ends of chromosomes, which help protect the DNA from the ageing process. Indeed, telomeres have been dubbed the "chromosomal clock" because, as an organism ages, they become progressively shorter, and can be used to determine the age of the organism. Beyond a certain point, the telomere becomes so short that it is no longer able to prevent the DNA of the chromosome from falling apart. It is believed that excess body fat, and the chemicals present in tobacco smoke release free radicals which trigger inflammation. Inflammation causes the production of white blood cells which increases the rate of erosion of telomeres.DementiaJ) Recent research (2005) conducted in the USA shows that obesity in middle age is linked to an increased risk of dementia, with obese people in their 40s being 74% more likely to develop dementia compared to those of normal weight. For those who are merely overweight, the lifetime risk of dementia risk was 35% higher.K) Scientists from the Aging Research Centre at the Karolinska Institute in Sweden have been able to take information such as age, number of years in education, gender, body mass index, blood pressure level, physical activity and genetic factors, assigning each a risk score. They then used this information to devise a predictive test for dementia. This test will enable people at risk, for the first time, to be able to affect lifestyle changes which will reduce their risk of contracting dementia.Other ProblemsL) The world-wide upsurge in obesity, particularly in children, is of major economic concern, liable to drain economies. Of further concern is that research conducted in Australia and published in 2006, shows that up to one third of breech pregnancies were undetected by the traditional "palpation" examination, the danger being greatest for those women who are overweight or obese—a growing proportion of mothers. This means that such women are not getting the treatment required to turn the baby around in time for the birth, and in many cases require an emergency Caesarean section.M) This is a true health-care crisis, far bigger than Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and ultimately, even bigger than AIDS.对应题目:1. You can judge whether one is simply overweight or has passed into the obese stage according to the height-weight table.2. Using the "Body Mass Index"to define a persons weight ideal is limited, because it does not takes into account many variables such as age, gender and ethnic origin.3. A persons emotional well-being would be affected by obesity.4. Obesity has something to do with cancer in the prostate gland for man.5. Women from less affluent nations tend to have much less breast cancer.6. A non-overweight woman who smokes 20 cigarettes a day for 20 years added7.4 years to her biological age.7. The excess body fat, like the chemicals present in tobacco smoke, can lead to inflammation.8. Obese people in middle age run an increased risk of dementia .9. The predictive test for dementia will help people to affect lifestyle changes that will reduce their risk of contracting dementia.10. The world-wide upsurge in obesity, particularly in children, will possibly drain economies.参考答案:1. A2. C3. D4. E5. F6. H7. I8. J9. K10. L。

四级考试阅读匹配习题详解

四级考试阅读匹配习题详解

四级考试阅读匹配习题原文:Beauty and Body Image in the Mediataller and thinner. Some have even been known to faint on the et from lack of food. Women magazine are full of article urging that if they can jut loe thoe lat twenty pound, theyll have it allthe perfect marriage, loving children, great e某, and a rewarding career.[C] The take are huge. On the one hand, women who are inecure about their bodie are more likely to buy beauty product, new clothe, and diet aid. It i etimated that the diet indutry alone i worth anywhere between 40 to 100 billion (U.S.) a year elling temporary weight lo (90% to 95% of dieter regain the lot weight). On the other hand, reearch indicate that e某poure to image of thin, young, air-bruhed female bodie i linked to depreion, lo of elf-eteem and the development of unhealthy eating habit in women and girl.[D ] The American reearch group Anore某ia Nervoa Related Eating Diorder, Inc. ay that one out of every four college-aged women ue unhealthy method of weight controlincluding fating, kipping meal, e某ceive e某ercie, la某ative (泻药)abue, and elf-induced vomiting. The preure to be thin i alo affecting young girl: the Canadian Women Health Network warn that weight control meaure are now being taken by girl a young a 5 and 6. American tatitic are imilar. Several tudie, uch a one conducted by Marika Tiggemann and Levina Clark in 2022 titled Appearance Culture in 9- to 12-Year-Old Girl: Media and Peer Influence on Body Diatifaction, indicate that nearly half of all preadolecent girl wih to be thinner, and a a reult have engaged in a diet or are aware of the concept of dieting. In 2003, Teen magazine reported that 35 percent of girl 6 to 12 year old have been on at leat one diet, and that 50 to 70 percent of normal weight girl believe they are overweight. Overall reearch indicate that 90% of women are diatified with their appearance in ome way. Media activit Jean Kilbourne conclude that, Women are old to the diet indutry by the magazine we read and the televiion program we watch, almot all of which make u feel an某iou about our weight.malnutrition. Jill Barad, Preident of Mattel (which manufacture Barbie), etimated that 99% of girl aged 3 to 10 year old own at leat one Barbie doll. Still, the number of real life women and girl who eek a imilarly underweight body i epidemic, and they can uffer equally devatating health conequence. In 2022 it wa etimated that up to 450, 000 Canadian women were affected by an eating diorder.[G] There have been effort in the magazine indutry to buck (才氐制,对抗)the trend. For everal year the Quebec magazine Coup de Pouce ha conitently included full-ized women in their fahion page and Chatelaine ha pledged not to touch up photo and not to include model le than 25 year of age. In Madrid, one of the world bigget fahion capital, ultra-thin model were banned from the runway in 2022. Furthermore Spain ha recently undergone a project with the aim to tandardizeclothing ize through uing a unique proce in which a laer beam i ued to meaure real life women bodie in order to find the mot true to life meaurement.[ H] Another iue i the repreentation of ethnically divere women in the media.A 2022 tudy conducted by Juanita Covert and Travi Di某on titled A Changing View: Repreentation and Effect of the Portrayal of Women of Color in Maintream Women Magazine found that although there wa an increae in the repreentation of women of colour, overall white women were overrepreented in maintream women magazine from 1999 to 2022.四级考试阅读匹配习题选项:1. A report in Teen magazine howed that 50% to 70% girl with normal weight think that they need to loe weight.2. On the whole, for 6 year white women had been occupying much more pace in maintream women magazine ince 1999.3. Some negative effect uch a depreion and unhealthy eating habit in female are related to their being e某poed to image of thin and young female bodie.5. It i reported that there i at leat one meage about the method for women to change their bodily appearance on more than three-quarter of the cover of women magazine.6. Some film and televiion actree even faint on the cene due to eating too little.7. Too much concern with appearance make it impoible to change uch abnormal trend.8. Reearcher found that a real woman with Barbie-doll proportion would eventually die from malnutrition.9. The Quebec magazine Coup (e Pouce reit the trend by conitently including full-ized women in their fahion page for everal year.10. According to ome analyt, the fundamental reaon of impoing tandard of beauty on women i economic profit.四级考试阅读匹配习题答案详解:1. [D]题干意为,《青少年》杂志上的一项报道称,有50%到70%体重正常的女孩认为自己需要减肥。

英语四级阅读信息匹配精选训练及答案

英语四级阅读信息匹配精选训练及答案

英语四级阅读信息匹配精选训练及答案四级阅读信息匹配精选训练一:A One evening a few years ago I found myself in an anxiety. Nothing was really wrong my family and I were healthy, my career was busy and successful -- I was just feeling vaguely down and in need of a friend who could raise my spirits, someone who would meet me for coffee and let merant until the clouds lifted. I dialed my best friend, who now lives across the country in California, and got her voicemail. That's when it started to dawn on me -- lonesomeness was at the root of my dreariness. My social life had dwindled to almost nothing, but somehow until that moment I'd been too busy to notice. Now it hit me hard. My old friends, buddies since college or even childhood, know everything about me; when they left, they had taken my context with them.B Research has shown the long-range negative consequences of socialisolation on one's health. But my concerns were more short-term. I needed to feel understood right then in the way that only a girlfriend can understand you. I knew it would be wrong to expect my husband to replace my friends: He couldn't, and even if he could, to whom would I then complain about my husband? So I resolved to acquire new friends -- women like me who had kids and enjoyed rolling their eyes at the worlda little bit just as I did. Since I'd be making friends with more intention than I'd ever given the process, I realized Icould be selective, that I could in effect design my own social life. The down side, of course, was that I felt pretty frightened.C After all, it's a whole lot harder to make friends in midlife that it is when yon're younger -- a fact woman I've spoken with point out again and again. As Leslie Danzig, 41, a Chicago theater director and mother, sees it, whenyou're in your teens and 20s, you're more or less friends with everyone unless there's a reason not to be. Your college roommate becomes your best pal atleast partly due to proximity. Now there needs to be a reason to be friends. "There are many people I'm comfort-able around, but I wouldn't go so far as to call them friends. Comfort isn't enough to sustain a real friendship," Danzig says.D At first, finding new companions felt awkward. At 40 I couldn't run upto people the way my4-year-old daughters do in the playground and ask, "Will you be my friend? Every time you start anew relationship, you're vulnerable again," agrees Kathleen Hall, D Min, founder and CEO of the Stress Institute,in Atlanta. "You're asking, 'Would you like to come into my life?' It makes us self-conscious."E Fortunately, my discomfort soon passed. I realized that as a mature friend seeker my vulnerability risk was actually pretty low. If someone didn't take me up on my offer, so what: I wasn't in junior high, when I might have been rejected for having the wrong clothes or hair. At my age I have amassed enough self-esteem to realize that I have plenty to offer.F We're all so busy, in fact, that mutual interests -- say, in a project, class, or cause that we already make time for -- become the perfect catalysts for bringing us in contact with candidates for camaraderie. Michelle Mertes, 35, a teacher and mother of two in Wausau, Wisconsin, says anew friend she made at church came as a pleasant surprise. "In high school I chose friends based on their popular-ity and how being part of their circle might reflect on me. Now's it's our shared values and activities that count." Mertes says her pal, with whom she organized the church's youth programs, is nothing like her but their drive and organizational skills make them ideal friends.G Happily, as awkward as making new friends can be, self-esteem issues do not factor in -- or if they do, you can easily put them into perspective. Danzig tells of the mother of a child in her son's pre-school, a tall, beautiful woman who is married to a big-deal rock musician. "I said to my husband, she's too cool for me,'" she jokes. "I get intimidated by people. But once I got to know her, she turned out to be pretty laid-back and friendly." In the end there was no chemistry between them, so they didn't become good pals. "I realized that we weren't each other's type, but it wasn't about hierarchy." What midlife friendship is about, it seems, is reflecting the person you've become or are still becoming back at yourself, thus reinforcing the progress you've made in your life.H Harlene Katzman, 41, a lawyer in New York City, notes that her oldest friends knew her back when she was less sure of herself. As much as she loves them, she believes they sometimes respond to is-sues in light of who she once was. An old chum has the goods on you. With recently made friends, you can turn over a new leaf.I A new friend, chosen right, can also help you point your boat in the direction you want to go. Hanna Dershowitz, 39, an attorney and mother in Los Angeles, found that a new acquaintance from workwas exactly what she needed ina friend. In addition to liking and respecting Julia, Dershowitz had a feeling that the fit and athletic younger woman would help her to get in shape.J While you're busy making new friends, remember that you still need to nurture your old ones. We asked Marla Paul, author of The Friendship Crisis: Finding, Making, and Keeping Friends When You "re Not a Kid Anymore, for the best ways to maintain these important relationships. Keep in touch. Your friends should be a priority; schedule regular lunch dates or coffee catch-up sessions, no matter how busy you are. Know her business. Keep track of important events in a friend's life and show your support. Call or e-mail to let her know you're thinking of her. Speak your mind. Tell a friend politelyif something she did really upset you. If you can't be totally honest, then you need to reexamine the relationship. Accept her flaws. No one is perfect, so work around her quirks --she's chronically late, or she's a bit negative -- to cut down on frustration and fights. Boost her ego. Heartfelt compliments make everyone feel great, so tell her how much you love her new sweater or what a great job she did on a work project.46. Leslie Danzig thought making friends at one's middle age needed some reasons.47. A well-chosen new friend can help you go in the direction that you like.48. A few years ago the author felt lonely and depressed when she phoned her best friend in another city who was much wanted then but unavailable.49. According to Kathleen Hall, one might feel sensitive in the first curse of making new friends.50. Midlife friendship can help you realize your direction of life and reinforce the progress you've made in your life.51. In Mafia Paul's book, to be a better friend, you should keep track with your fiiends, care for your friend's job, express yourself, accept her flaws and compliment your friend for her/his good dressing and job.52. For the author, a girl friend might be the right person to under "stand her and erase her negative feeling.53. According to Michelle Metes, midlife friendship is based on the shared values and activities54. As a mature friend seeker, the author finds herself with enough confidence to offer and take rejection with grace.55. With newly made friends, you can have a chance to take on a new look in your life.Section B交友之道A数年前的一天晚上,我发现自己陷入了焦虑中。

英语四级阅读信息匹配精选练习及答案

英语四级阅读信息匹配精选练习及答案

英语四级阅读信息匹配精选练习及答案导读:我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《英语四级阅读信息匹配精选练习及答案》的内容,具体内容:在英语学习过程中,阅读理解能力是学习者发展语言能力的基础和手段。

国内的各类英语考试中几乎都有阅读理解题型,大学英语四级考试也不例外。

大学英语四级阅读理解试题是试卷中分值最重的题型,为了提...在英语学习过程中,阅读理解能力是学习者发展语言能力的基础和手段。

国内的各类英语考试中几乎都有阅读理解题型,大学英语四级考试也不例外。

大学英语四级阅读理解试题是试卷中分值最重的题型,为了提高大家的阅读水平,下面是我为大家带来,希望对大家的学习有所帮助!四级阅读信息匹配精选练习一:A) This goal places the emphasis on the learning needs of young people and adults in the context of lifelong learning.It calls for fair access to learning programs that are appropriate,and mentions life skills particularly.B)Education is about giving people the opportunity to develop their potential,their personality and their strengths.This does not merely mean learning new knowledge,but also developing abilities to make the most of life.These are called life skills——including the inner capacities and the practical skills we need.C)Many of the inner capacities——often known as psych0—social skills——cannot be taught as subjects.They are not the same as academic or technical learnin9.They must rather be modeled and promoted as part of learning,and in particular by teachers.These skills have to do with the way we behave—towards other people,towards ourselves,towards the challenges and problems of life. They include skills in communicating,in making decisions and solving problems,in negotiating and expressing ourselves,in thinking critically and understanding our feelings.D)More practical life skills are the kinds of manual skills we need for the physical tasks we face.Some would include vocational skills under the heading of life skills——the ability to lay bricks.sew clothes,catch fish or repair a motorbike.These are skills by which people may earn their livelihood and which are often available to young people leaving school.In fact,very often young people learn psycho-social skills as they learn more practical skills.Learning vocational skills can be a strategy for acquiring both practical and psycho-social skills.E)We need to increase our life skills at every stage of life,so learning them may be part of early child—hood education.of primary and secondary education and of adult learning groups.Life skills can be put into the categories that the Jacques Delors reportsuggested;it spoke of four pillars of education,which correspond to certain kinds of life skills—Learning to know:Thinking abilities:such as problem—solving,critical thinking,decision making,understanding consequences.Learning to be: Personal abilities:such as managing stress and feelings,self-awareness,self-confidence.Learning to live together:Social abilities:such as communication,negotiation,teamwork.Learning to do: Manual skills:practicing know-how required for work and tasks.F)In todays world all these skills are necessary, in order to face rapid change in society.This means that it is important to know how to go on learning as we require new skills for life and work.In addition,we need to know how to cope with the flood of information and turn it in to useful knowledge.We also need to learn how to handle change in society and in our own lives.G)Life skills are both concrete and abstract—practical skills can be learned directly, as a subject.For example, a learner can take a course in laying bricks and learn that skill.Other life skills,such as self-confidence,self-esteem,and skills for relating to others or thinking critically cannot be taught in such direct ways.They should be part of any learning process,where teachers or instructors are concerned that learners should not just learn about subjects,but learn how to cope with life and make the mostof their potential.H)So these life skills may be learnt when learning other things.For example:Learning literacy may have a big impact on self-esteem,on critical thinking or on communicationskills;Learning practical skills s ach as drivin9,healthcare or tailoring may increase self-confidence,teach problem—solving processes or help in understanding consequences.I) Whether this is true depends on the way of teachin9—what kinds of thinkin9,relationship building and communication the teacher or facilitator models themselves and promotes among the learners. It would require measuring the individual and collective progress in making the most of learning and of life,or assessing how far human potential is being realized,or estimating how well people cope with change.It is easier to measure the development of practical skills,for instance by counting the number of students who register for vocational skills courses.However, this still may not tell us how effectively these skills are being used.J)The psych0.social skills cannot easily be measured by tests and scores,but become visible in Chang behavior.Progress in this area has often been noted by teachers on reports which they make to the parents of their pupils.The teachers experience of life,of teaching and of what can be expected from education in the broadest senseserve as a standard by which the growth and development of individuals can be assessed to some extent.This kind of assessment is individual and may never appear in international tables and charts.K)The current challenges relate to these difficulties:We need to recognize the importance of life skills both practical and psycho-social as part of education which leads to the full development of human potential and to the development of society.The links between psycho—social skills and practical skills must be more clearly spelled out,so that educators can promote both together and find effective ways to do this.Since life skills are taught as part of a wide range of subjects,teachers need to have training in how to put them across and how to monitor learnersgrowth in these areas.In designing curricula and syllabuses for academic subjects,there must be a balance between content teaching and attention to the accompanying life skills.A more conscious and deliberate effort to promote life skills will enable learners to become more active citizens in the life of society.L) Governments should recognize and actively advocate for the transformational role of education in realizing human potential and in socio—economic development.Ensure that curricula andsyllabuses address life skills and give learners the opportunity to make real-life applications of knowledge,skills and attitudes.Show how life skills of all kinds apply in the world of work,for example,negotiating and communication skills,as well practical skills.Through initial and in-service teacher training,increase the use of active and participatory learning/teaching approaches.Examine and adapt the processes and content of education so that there is a balance between academic input and life skills development.Make sure that education inspectors look not only for academic progress through teaching and learning,but also progress in the communication, modeling and application of lifeskills.Advocate for the links between primary and(early)secondary education because learning life skills needs eight or nine years and recognize that the prospect of effective secondary education is an incentive to children,and their parents,to complete primary education successfully.M)Funding agencies should support research,exchange and debate.nationally and regionally, on ways of strengthening life skills education.Support innovative(创新的)teacher training in order to combine life skills promotion into subjects across the curriculum and as a fundamental part of what school and education are about.Recognize the links between primary and secondaryeducation in ensuring that children develop strong lifeskills.Support,therefore,the early years of secondary education as part basic education.N) As support to governments and in cooperation with other international agencies,UNESC0:Works to define life skills better and clarify what it means to teach and learn them.Assists education. policy makers and teachers to develop and use a life skills approach to education.Advocates for the links between a life skills approach to education and broader society and human development.46.The recognition of life skills as part of education will promote the development of human potential and society.47.The abilities to make the most of life consist of the inner capacities and the practical skills.48.The progress in psycho—social skills can be measured by changed behavior.ernments should examine and adapt the processes and content of education so as to balance the academic input and life skills development.50.According to Jacques Delors,four pillars of education include learning to know, learning to be, learning to live together and learning to do.51.The funding agencies should link primary education andsecondary education to make sure that children develop strong life skills.52.Learning literacy may exert an influence on self-esteem,critical thinking and communication skills.53.One function of UNESCO is to help educational policy makers and teachers to develop and use a life skills approach to education.54.Learning vocational skills can be an approach to acquiring both practical and psycho—social skills.55.The abilities to manage stress and feelings,self-awareness,self-confidence are personal abilities.Section B促进年轻人和成年人的学习和技能A)这个目标以"终生学习"为背景,将重点放在年轻人和成年人的学习需要上。

英语四级长篇阅读匹配练习题

英语四级长篇阅读匹配练习题
D.The writers of the 20 13 statin guidelines based their recommendations on studies that looked at the reduction in the risk of events like heart attacks in people treated with pared to people on a placebo(安慰剂).The AHA dietary guidelines do not cite any diet studies that looked at whether following a specific diet lowered the risk of developing heart events—yet they are giving dietary advice.Why?There might be two plausible reasons.One is the AHAs moneymaking“Heart Check Program.”The second is the conflict ofinterest of Robert Ecke—the co-chair of the panel that wrote the guidelines.
F. Until this year,Heart Check approved many foods with trans-fats,which raise bad cholesterol and lower good cholesterol,among other harmful effects on heA.th,like increasing inflammation(发炎)and the laying down of calcium in arteries(动脉).

2023年3月英语四级阅读段落匹配部分真题及答案(第一套)

2023年3月英语四级阅读段落匹配部分真题及答案(第一套)

2023年3月英语四级阅读段落匹配部分真题及答案(第一套)Hyphenating your last name after marriage?答案速查36-40:HDIAJ41-45:BEGLF题干、答案和定位处36. Many people today still find name hyphenation upon marriage unacceptable.36.H 【定位】If you care about outside opinions on your name, you should know that a large portion of today's society is annoyed by the hyphenated name.37.As a compromise,a bride will in most cases adopt a name that combines the couple' s last names.37.D【定位】Most of the time,though,the most popular compromise is to hyphenate your last name and the last name of your groom.38.The bride should consider adopting her groom's last name whether he feels strongly about it or not.38.I 【定位】Whether your future husband insisting on your adopting his last name is a red flag to you or not, it is still something that you should take into consideration.39.Making preparations for marriage causes a lot of stress.39.A 【定位】While being married is great and wonderful,the act of getting married can be quite stressful.40.Hyphenating the last names could be a win-win solution should arguments arise about what name to adopt upon marriage.40.J 【定位】One spouse wants a complete name change. The other spouse wants no name change. Hyphenating the two names is a way for each person to,at least a little bit,"win"the argument.41.It used to be considered socially unacceptable for a bride to retain her maiden name.41.B 【定位】The act of keeping her own last name was considered taboo and people' s eyebrows would raise right of their faces...42.The bride who adopts a hyphenated last name after marriage can maintain connections with their past achievements.42.E【定位】It allows you to stay connected to accomplishments that you achieved before you got married.43.Hyphenating names allows the bride to preserve her own identity while respecting tradition.43.G 【定位】At the the time,your name is associated with the identity you' ve built up and hyphenation allows you to respect that while also respecting tradition and your husband's family 's identity.44. No matter what name the bride adopts, it is most important that the newly weds truly love each other.44.L 【定位】At the end of the day,whether you each keep your names,... what matters is that you love each other and are going to be joining your lives together.45.Legally speaking,the bride is free to choose whatever name she prefers.45.F 【定位】While tradition is one thing,there isn' t any logical reason to completely change your name.。

四级阅读段落信息匹配题及答案分析

四级阅读段落信息匹配题及答案分析

四级阅读段落信息匹配题及答案分析四级阅读段落信息匹配题及答案分析Section BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.How to Use a LibraryA)You’re driving your car home from work or sch001.And something goes wron9.The engine stalls out at lights,holds back as you go to pass.It needs a tune up and soon.Where do you go? The library.You can take out an auto repair manual that tells step by step how to tune up your make and model.Or your tennis game has fallen off.You’ve lost your touch at the net.Where do you go? The library for a few books on improving your tennis form.B)“The library!”you say.“That’s where my teacher sends me to dough h omework."Unfortunately, I’ve found that’s exactly the way many people feel.If you’re among them.you’re denying yourself the easiest way to improve yourself, enjoy yourself and even cope with life.My first suggestion for making the most of your library is to do what I did,read and read and read.For pleasure——and for understanding.C)If it’s TV that keeps you from cultivating this delicious habit,I can offer a sure remedy.Take home from the library a stack of books that might look interestin9.Pile them on the TVset.Next time you are tempted to turn on a program you really don’t want to see,reach for a book instead.D)Over the years,people collect a mental list of books they mean to read.If you don’t have such a list,here is the suggestion.Take from the library some of the books you might have enjoyed dramatized on TV, like Remargue’s All Quiet on the Western Front,Clavell’s Shegun,T olkien’s The Hobbit,or Victor Hugo’s Les Mise Rables.If you like what you read、you can follow up with other satisfying books by the same authors.E)Some people in their reading limit themselves to current talked—about best sellers.Oh,what they miss! The library is full of yesterday’s best sellers;and they still make compelling reading today. Some that I've enjoyed:A.B.Guthrie’s The B ig Sky,Carl Van Doren’s Benjamin Franklin,Mari Sandoz’s.Old Jules,and Norman Mailer’s The Naked and the Dead.F) How do you find these or any other books you’re looking for? It’s easy—with the card catalog. Every time I go to the library——and I go more than once a week——I invariably make a beeline to the card catalog before anything else.It’s the nucleus of any public library.The card catalog lists every book in the library by:1.author;2.title;3.subject.Let’s pick an interesting subject to look up.I have always been fascinated by astronomy.You’ll be surprised at the wealth of material you will find under “a strong my” to draw upon.And the absorbing books you didn’t know existed on it.CAUTION:Always have a pencil and paper when you use the card catal09.G) Once you jot down the numbers of the books you are interested in,you are ready to find them on the shelves.Libraries call the shelves “the stacks”.In many smaller libraries,whichyou’ll be using,the stacks will be open for you to browse.To me there is a special thrill in tracking down the books I want in the stacks !For invariably,I find books about which I knew nothin9,and these often turn out to be the very ones l need.You will find the same thing happening to you when you start to browse in the stacks.“A learned mind is the end product of browsing.”CAUTION:If you take a book from the stack s to your work desk,do not try to return it to its proper place.That’s work for the experts.If you replace it incorrectly, the next seeker won’t be able to find it.H)Some of the brightest and rmed men and women in America are the librarians who specialize in providing reference help.Introduce yourself State your problem.And be amazed at how much he p you will receive.CAUTION:Don’t waste the time of this expert by asking silly questions you ought to solve yourself.Save the reference librarian for the really big ones.I) You shot:ld also learn to use the Reader's Guide to Periodical Literature.This green—bound index is me of the most useful items in any library.It indexes all the articles in the major magazines,including newspaper magazine supplements.Thus it provides a guide to the very latest expert information of any subject that interests you.So if you want to do a really first—class job,find out which magazines your library subscribes to,then consult the Reader's Guide and track down recent articles on your subject.When you use this wonderful tool effectively, you show the mark of a real scholar.J) Since you can take most books home,but not magazines,take full notes when using the latter. Many libraries today provide a reprographic machine that can quickly copy pages you needfrom magazines and books.Ask about it:If you are working on a project of some size which will require repeated library visits,keep a small notebook in which you record the identification numbers of the books you will be using frequently.This will save you valuable time,because you won’t have to consult the card catalog or search aimlessly through the stacks each time you visit for material you seek.Sol fie of the very best books in any library are the reference books,which may not be taken home.Learn what topics they cover and how best to use them,for these books are wonderful repositories (储藏室、资料库)of human knowledge.K) Your library can give you help on any subject.It can even be your business and legal advisor.How many times have you scratched your head over how to get a tax rebate(折扣)on your summer job? You,11 find guides to that.Want to defend yourself in traffic coup? Find out how in legal books at the library.L) Library Projects Can Be Fun and Rewardin9.Here are a few ideas:1.What are your roots? Trace your ancestors.Many libraries specialize in genealogy.2.Did George Washington sleep nearby? Or Billy the Kid? Your library’s collection of local history books can put you on the trail.3.Cook a Polynesian feast.Or an ancient Roman banquet.Read how in the library’s cook books.4.Take up photography.Check the library for consumer reviews of cameras before you buy.T ake out books on lightin9,composition,or darkroom techniques or—you name it!M)If you haven,t detected by now my enthusiasm for libraries,let me offer two personal notes.I'm particularly pleasedthat in recent years two beautiful libraries have been named after me:a small community library in Quakertown,Pennsylvania,and the huge research library located at the University of Northern Colorado in Greeley.And I like libraries so much that I married a librarian.46.The nucleus of any public library is the car,d catalog.47.Yesterday’s best sellers are still good for readin9,which shouldn’t be overlooked.48.The author suggests that people should go to the library for answers when things go wrong49.The Reader,s Guide is a green—bound index which provides a guide to very latest expert information of any subject that interests readers.50.The sure remedy to kick the TV habit is to take home from the library interesting books to read.51.There are various kinds of fun and rewarding projects available in different libraries.52.A notebook will help readers to record the identification numbers of the frequently used books which can’t be taken home.53.Readers should not try to return the book taken from the stacks to their desk to its proper place.54.When asking for help,readers are suggested not asking the reference librarians silly questions they ought to solve themselves.55.When asking for help,readers are suggested not asking the reference librarians silly questions they ought to solve themselves.46.The nucleus of any public library is the card catalog.任何公共图书馆的核心都是卡片目录。

大学英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题及答案解析(2)

大学英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题及答案解析(2)

大学英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题及答案解析(2)导读:本文大学英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题及答案解析(2),仅供参考,如果觉得很不错,欢迎点评和分享。

Section BDirections:In this section,you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it.Each smtement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.1ndentify the paragraph from which the information is derived.You may choose a paragraph more than once.Each paragraph is marked with a letter.Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Creative Book Report Ideas A.Are you at a loss for creative book report ideas for your students?If yes.then this article will help you make reading and reviewing books more creative for your class.In an age of PSPs,Xbox,anime and gaming arcades,reading has lost its foothold in the list of hobbies that children tend to cite.Most of the reading that kids do today,comes in the form of compulsory books that they need to read for school and maybe that is the reason they find reading to be an insurmountable and boring task.If you want to inculcate the love for languages and literary masterpieces in your students and want them to devour books everyone should read,then a good way of going about the same would be to get them to start working on creative book report ideas.While working on creative ideas for book reports,your students will have to understand the book in a way that allows them to come up with new ways to present to the class,the essence of the book.B.As a teachel while egging your students to activate their creative gray cells.you will have to help them out with basic ideas that they can work on.Depending on the age bracket that your students belong to,the creative book report ideas will vary.This is so,not just because of the varying attention spans that children of various age groups posses but also because of the amount of work that kids can put into the report.While a middle school student wiIl be comfortable handling a handy cam,a student from elementary school will be more fascinated if he is working with paints and puppets.So do you want to know how to write a book report creatively?In this article.we will list out for you,a couple of good creative book report ideas for elementary students and for middle school students.C.A book report sandwich is a good creative idea for book reports.As a teacher you can get drawings of a sandwich on sheets of Paper that are of the color of the ingredients of your sandwich,for example,a cream sheet of paper to resemble mayonnaise,red to represent tomato and likewise.Ob.viously,each ingredient should be cut in a way that when assembled together,it looks like a sandwich.Now,give each of your students one of these book sandwiches to create their book report.It can start with the name of the book and the author’s name on the top slice of the sandwich.The second ingredient can have the summary of the book on it.Each subsequent ingredient can have a description of the main characters,the setting of the book,the plot,and then his or her views about the book.Once they are done with their book reports,they can staple the book sandwich together and then,you can create a class bulletin board with all the book report sandwiches on display.D.One of the good techniques to retell a story,it is also one of the favorite creative book report ideas among students.The job that the student will have is to read the book and then pick a few objects at his/her home which will allow him/her to retell the story in a way that makes it interesting for his/ her audience.Every time he/she picks out an object from the bag to report the book he/she has read,there has to be a valid connection between the book and the object,which the student can first ask the audience to guess and then go ahead and explain it.This idea is spin—off on the normal show and tells and allows for an interactive book report session.E.This is one of the creative ideas for book reports in which.as the teacher, you will have to divideyour class into groups and give them one book each.The students can then read the book and get together and write a play and act it out for the class.To give a deeper insight into the book,one of the students can play the role of the author and as a group,the students can try and recreate the thought Drocess of the author.The student playing the role of the author can then interrupt the play at lmportant iunctllres and talk about the reasons for these twists in the play and how he/she came up with these plot lines.F.As a voung adult,your student’s fascination may go beyond the immediate concerns of the book.He/she may want to understand the circumstances in which the book was written,the times then,the events happening in the world and get the author’s perspective about the book.Encourage your students to mink on those lines.Divide the class into pairs and give each pair one book to read.Let them then do the roles of the author and a journalist.You can have an interview session in front of the class.enabling them todissect the book and get a peek into the author’s world.G.In a technology—obsessed world,it maybe a very tiny minority of your class that does not get excited with the Drospect of shooting a film.One of the best creative book report ideas for middle school,you will need to divide the class into groups and give them at least two months to adapt the book that thev have been assigned,into a film.The movie should have a well—adapted screenplay,and allother prerequisites,like a lighting engineer,sound engineer, costume designer,etc.At the end of the given time,the film can be screened in front of the class and then discussed.H.If you are on the lookout for good individual creative book report ideas,then this one could be for you.Assign every student a book and then ask them to start maintaining a diary,from the author’sDoint of vie w.Ask them to come up with imaginary incidents from the author’s life and use historical events to explain why the author wrote the book in a certain manner.Alternately, you can also ask your students to give a surrogate ending to the story.I)、These are just few of the options that you could use to inspire your students to come up with creative book report ideas.As kids we tend to be more imaginative and creative .Encourage your students to mink om of the box and appreciate them for their efforts.This will help you have a class that is not only lively and inquisitive by nature but also a class that will cultivate a love for words.46.11eachers can create a class bulletin board to display all the book report sandwiches after their students finish their reports.47.Adopting the method of knowing your author,teachers can encourage students to think beyond the immediate concerns of the book.48.Asking me students to write from their own point of view is suitable for teachers who are on the lookout for good individual creative book report ideas.49.Retelling a story is one of the favorite creative book report ideas among students and it tells and allows for an interactive book report session.50.Nowadays,most of book children read are those they need to read for school.51.Teachers tend to be more imaginative and creative as kids.52.While working on creative ideas for book reports,students will have to understand the book.53.The creative book report ideas vary according to ages because children in different age groups have different attention span.54.If teachers ask their students to shoot a film about a book,they should give them no fewer than two months.55.Teachers have to divide their class into groups and give them one book each is a good creative book report ideas.46.Teachers can create a class bulletin board to display all the book report sandwiches after their students finish their reports.在学生完成他们的读书报告后,老师可以设立一个班级布告板,把所有的三明治读书报告展示出来。

英语四级阅读段落信息匹配题练习题

英语四级阅读段落信息匹配题练习题

英语四级阅读段落信息匹配题练习题导读:我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《英语四级阅读段落信息匹配题练习题》的内容,具体内容:下面是我整理的,希望对大家有帮助。

:Jaguars Dont Live Here AnymoreA)Earlier this month, the Unite...下面是我整理的,希望对大家有帮助。

:Jaguars Dont Live Here AnymoreA)Earlier this month, the United States Fish and Wildlife Service announced it would appoint" critical habitat" for the endangered jaguar. Jaguars--the worlds third-largest wild cats, weighing up to 250 pounds, with distinctive black rosettes ( 玫瑰花色 ) on their fur--are a separate species from the smaller, tawny (黄褐色的 ) mountain lions, which still roam large areas of the American West in the United States and take the first steps toward mandating (批准) a jaguar recovery plan. This is a policy reversal and, on the surface, it may appear to be a victory for the conservation community and for jaguars, the largest wild cats in the Western Hemisphere.B) But as someone who has studied jaguars for nearly three decades, I can tell you it is nothing less than a slap in the face to good science. Whats more, by changing the rules foranimal preservation, it stands to weaken the Endangered Species Act.C)The debate on what to do about jaguars started in 1997, when, at the urging of many biologists ( including me), the Fish and Wildlife Service put the jaguar on the United States endangered species list, because there had been occasional sightings of the cats crossing north over the United States-Mexico border. At the same time, however, the agency ruled that it would not be "prudent" (谨慎的 ) to declare that the jaguar hascritical .habitat--a geographic area containing features the species needs to survive--in the United States. Determining an endangered species critical habitat is a first step toward developing a plan for helping that species recover.D)The 1997 decision not to determine critical habitat for the jaguar was the right one, because even though they cross the border from time to time, jaguars dont occupy any territory in our country--and that probably means the environment here is no longer ideal for them.E)In prehistoric times, these beautiful cats inhabited significant areas of the western United States, but in the past 100 years, there have been few, if any, resident breeding populations here. The last time a female jaguar with a cub ( 幼兽 ) was sighted in this country was in the early 1900s.F)Two well-intentioned conservation advocacy groups, the Center for Biological Diversity and Defenders of Wildlife, sued the Fish and Wildlife Service to change its ruling. Thus in 2006, the agency reassessed the situation and again determined that no areas in the United States met the definition of critical habitat for the jaguar. Despite occasional sightings, mostly within 40 miles of the Mexican border, there were still no data to indicate jaguars had taken up residence inside the United States.G ) After this second ruling was made, an Arizona rancher ( 牧场主 ), with support from the state Game and Fish Department, set infrared-camera (红外摄像机 ) traps togather more data, and essentially confirmed the Fish and Wildlife Services findings. The cameras did capture transient jaguars, including one male jaguar, nick named Macho, B, who roamed the Arizona borderlands for more than a decade. But Macho B, now dead, might have been the sole resident American jaguar, and his extensive travels indicated he was not having an easy time surviving in this dry, rugged region.H) Despite the continued evidence, the two conservation advocacy groups continued to sue the government. Apparently,they want jaguars to repopulate the United State seven if jaguars dont wan! to. Last March, a federal district judge in Arizona ordered the Fish and Wildlife Service to revisit its 2006 determination on critical habitat.I)The facts havent changed: there is still no area in the United States essential to the conservation of the jaguar. But, having asserted this twice already, the service, nowunder a new president, has bent to the tiresome litigation (诉讼). On Jan. 12, Fish and Wildlife officials, claimed to have evaluated new scientific information that had become available after the July 2006 ruling. They determined that it is now prudent to appoint critical habitat for the jaguar in the United States.J)This means that Fish and Wildlife must now also formulate a recovery plan for the jaguar. And since jaguars have not been able to reestablish themselves naturally over the past century, the government will likely have to go to significant expense to attempt to bring them back--especially if the cats have to be reintroduced.K)So why not do everything we can, at whatever cost, to bring jaguars back into the United States? To begin with, the American Southwest is, at best, marginal habitat for the animals. More important, there are better ways to help jaguars. South of ourborder, from Mexico to Argentina, thousands of jaguars live and breed in their true critical habitat. Governments and conservation groups (including the one I head) are already working hard to conserve jaguar populations and connect them to one another through an initiative called the Jaguar Corridor.L).The jaguars that now and then cross into the United States most likely come from the northernmost population of jaguars, in Sonora, Mexico. Rather than demand jaguars return to our country, we should help Mexico and other jaguar-range countries conserve the animals true habitat itM )The recent move by the Fish and Wildlife Service means that the rare federal funds devoted to protecting wild animals will be wasted on efforts that cannot help save jaguars. It also stands to weaken the Endangered Species Act, because if critical habitat is redefined as any place where a species might ever have existed, and where you or I might want it to exist again, then the door is open for many other sense less efforts to bring back long-lost creatures.N)The Fish and Wildlife officials whose job is to protect the countrys wild animals need to grow a stronger backbone--stick with their original, correct decision and save their money formore useful preservation work. Otherwise, when funds are needed to preserve all those small, ugly, non-charismatic endangered species at the back of the line, there may be no money left.1. It is still a fact that there is no suitable place for jaguars to live safely in the United States.2. The United States Fish and Wildlife Service should be more determined and saving for the conservation work.3. Jaguars were regarded as endangered species because of their rare appearance at the United States-Mexico border.4. Money was not spent effectively in helping save jaguars in the recent move by the Fish and Wildlife Service.5. It can be inferred that the United States is not the best choice for jaguars to live from the evidence that they dont settle anywhere here.6. South of the United States border, from Mexico to Argentina, is the true critical habitat for jaguars.7. The number of jaguars breeding populations in significant areas of the western United States has deceased in the past century.8. It is necessary for the government to invest lots of funds in order to help jaguars to reestablish.9. It didnt indicate that jaguars had settled down in theUnited States even though they were seen within 40 miles of the Mexican border at times.10. Fish and Wildlife officials were sure enough to appoint critical habitat for the jaguar in the United States.1.I)。

大学英语四级阅读题段落匹配练习题

大学英语四级阅读题段落匹配练习题

大学英语四级阅读题段落匹配练习题难点:1、顺序原则被打乱2、题目本身涉及长难句3、定位词不明显4、对应数量关系不唯一做题步骤:1、先题后文2、逐段做题3、拒绝投机取巧2014 -646.Authors still published in printed versions will be considered important ones.47.Some people are still in favor of printed books because of the sense of touch they can provide.48.The radio business has changed greatly and now attracts more listeners.49.Contrary to many peoples prediction of its death.the film industry survived.50.Remarkable changes have taken place in the book business.51.Old technology sometimes continues to exist because of its reliability.52.The increase of e-book sales will force the book business to make changes not seen for centuries.53.A new technology is unlikely to take the place of an old one without a clear advantage.54.Paperbacks of popular literature are more likely to be replaced by e-books.55.A house with a fireplace has a stronger appeal to buyers.2013-1246.Caplan suggests that kids who dont love school go to work.47.An increasing number of families spend more money on houses in a good school district..48.Subsidized loans to college students are a huge waste of money. according to one economist.49.More and more kids find they fare worse with a college diploma.50.For those who are not prepared for higher education.going to college is not worth it.51.Over the years the cost of a college education has increased almost by 100%.52.A law passed recently allows many students to pay no more than one tenth of their income for their college loans.53.Middle-class Americans have highly valued a good education.54.More kids should be encouraged to participate in programs where they can learn not only job skills but also social skills.55.Over fifty percent of recent college graduates remain unemployed or unable to find a suitable job.2013-12 The rise of the sharing economyA)Last night 40.000 people rented accommodation from a service that offers 250.000 rooms in 30.000 cities in 192 countries.They chose their rooms and paid foreverything online.But their beds were provided by private individuals.rather than ahotel chain.Hosts and guests were matched up by Airbnb.a firm based in SanFrancisco.Since its launch in 2008 more than 4 million people have used it—2.5million of them in 2012 alone.It is the most prominent example of a huge new“sharing economy” . in which people rent beds. cars. boats and other assets directlyfrom each other.co-ordinated via the internet.B)You might think this is no different from running a bed-and-breakfast(家庭旅店).owning a timeshare(分时度假房)or participating in a car pool.But technologyhas reduced transaction costs.making sharing assets cheaper and easier than ever—and therefore possible on a much larger scale.The big change is the availability ofmore data about people and things.which allows physical assets to be divided andconsumed as services.Before the internet.renting a surfboard.a power tool or aparking space from someone else was feasible.but was usually more trouble than itwas worth. Now websites such as Airbnb.RelayRides and SnapGoods match upowners and renters;smartphones with GPS let people see where the nearest rentablecar is parked;social networks provide a way to check up on people and build trust;and online payment systems handle the billing.Whats mine is yours.for a feeC)Just as peer-to-peer businesses like eBay allow anyone to become a retailer.sharing sites let individuals act as an ad hoc(临时的)taxi service.car-hire firm or boutiquehotel(精品酒店)as and when it suits them.Just go online or download an app.Themodel works for items that are expensive to buy and are widely owned by peoplewho do not make full use of them. Bedrooms and cars are the most obviousexamples.but you can also rent camping spaces in Sweden.fields in Australia andwashing machines in France. As advocates of the sharing economy like to putit.access trumps(胜过)ownership.D)Rachel Botsman.the author of a book on the subject.says the consumer peer-to-peer rental market alone is worth $ 26 billion.Broader definitions of the sharing economyinclude peer-to- peer lending or putting a solar panel on your roof and selling powerback to the grid(电网). And it is not just individuals;the web makes it easier forcompanies to rent out spare offices and idle machines.too.But the core of the sharingeconomy is people renting things from each other.E)Such “collaborative(合作的)consumption”is a good thing for several reasons.Owners make money from underused assets.Airbnb says hosts in SanFrancisco who rent out their homes do so for an average of 58 nights a year.making$ 9.300.Car owners who rent their vehicles to others using RelayRides make anaverage of $ 250 a month;some make more than $ 1.000. Renters.meanwhile.payless than they would if they bought the item themselves.or turned to a traditionalprovider such as a hotel or car-hire firm.And there are environmental benefits. too:renting a car when you need it.rather than owning one.means fewer cars are requiredand fewer resources must be devoted to making them.F)For sociable souls. meeting new people by staying in their homes is part of the charm.Curmudgeons(倔脾气的人)who imagine that every renter is a murderer can stillstay at conventional hotels.For others. the web fosters trust.As well as thebackground checks carried out by platform owners.online reviews and ratings areusually posted by both parties to each transaction.which makes it easy to spot baddrivers.bathrobe-thieves and surfboard-wreckers. By using Facebook and othersocial networks. participants can check each other out and identify friends(or friends of friends)in common.An Airbnb user had her apartment trashed in 2011.Butthe remarkable thing is how well the system usually works.Peering into the futureG)The sharing economy is a little like online shopping. which started in America 15 years ago.At first.people were worried about security.But having made a successfulpurchase from.say.Amazon.they felt safe buying ing Airbnbor a car-hire service for the first time encourages people to try otherofferings.Next.consider eBay.Having started out as a peer-to-peer marketplace. it isnow dominated by professional “power sellers”(many of whom started out asordinary eBay users).The same may happen with the sharing economy.which alsoprovides new opportunities for enterprise. Some people have bought cars solely torent them out.for example.H)Existing rental businesses are getting involved too. Avis.a car-hire firm.has a share ina sharing rival. So do GM and Daimler. two carmakers. In future. companies maydevelop hybrid(混合的)models. listing excess capacity(whether vehicles.equipment or office space)on peer-to-peer rental sites.In the past.new ways of doingthings online have not displaced the old ways entirely.But they have often changedthem.Just as internet shopping forced Wal-mart and Tesco to adapt. so online sharingwill shake up transport. tourism. equipment-hire and more.I)The main worry is regulatory uncertainty. Will room-renters be subject to hotel taxes.for example? In Amsterdam officials are using Airbnb listings to track downunlicensed hotels.In some American cities.peer-to-peer taxi services have beenbanned after lobbying by traditional taxi firms.The danger is that although somerules need to be updated to protect consumers from harm.existing rental businesseswill try to destroy competition. People who rent out rooms should pay tax.ofcourse.but they should not be regulated like a Ritz-Carlton hotel. The lighter rulesthat typically govern bed-and-breakfasts are more than adequate.J)The sharing economy is the latest example of the internets value to consumers.Thisemerging model is now big and disruptive(颠覆性的)enough for regulators andcompanies to have woken up to it.That is a sign of its immense potential.It is time tostart caring about sharing.46.Sharing items such as cars does good to the environment.47.Airbnbs success clearly illustrates the emergence of a huge sharing economy.48.The major concern about the sharing economy is how the government regulates it.49.The most frequently shared items are those expensive to buy but not fully used.50.The sharing economy has a promising future.51. Online sharing will change the way business is done in transportation. travel. rentals.etc.52.Airbnb is a website that enables owners and renters to complete transactions online.53.The sharing economy is likely to go the way of online shopping.54.One advantage of sharing is that owners earn money from renting out items not made full use of.55.Sharing appeals to the sociable in that they can meet new people.精讲精练2012-06Passage OneQuestions 57 to 61 are based on the following passage.In times of economic crisis. Americans turn to their families for support. If the Great Depression is any guide.we may see a drop in our skyhigh divorce rate.But this won't necessarily represent an increase in happy marriages. In the long run.the Depression weakened American families.and the current crisis will probably do the same.We tend to think of the Depression as a time when families pulled together to survive huge job losses.By 1932.when nearly one-quarter of the workforce was unemployed.the divorce rate had declined by around 25% from 1929.But this doesn't mean people were suddenly happier with their marriages.Rather.with incomes decreasing and insecure jobs.unhappy couples often couldn ' t afford to divorce.They feared neither spouse could manage alone.Today.given the job losses of the past year.fewer unhappy couples will risk starting separate households.Furthermore.the housing market meltdown will make it more difficult for them to finance their separations by selling their homes.After financial disasters family members also tend to do whatever they can to help each other and their communities.A 1940 book. The Unemployed Man and His Family. described a family in which the husband initially reacted to losing his job “with tireless search for work.”He was always active.looking for odd jobs to do.The problem is that such an impulse is hard to sustain Across the country.many similar families were unable to maintain the initial boost in morale(士气).For some.the hardships of life without steady work eventually overwhelmed their attempts to keep their families together. The divorce rate rose again during the rest of the decade as the recovery took hold.Millions of American families may now be in the initial stage of their responses to the current crisis.working together and supporting one another through the early months of unemployment.Today's economic crisis could well generate a similar number of couples whose relationships have been irreparably(无法弥补地)ruined.So it's only when the economy is healthy again that we'll begin to see just how many broken families have been created.注意:此部分试题请在答题卡 2 上作答。

2021年12月英语四级阅读段落信息匹配训练(2)

2021年12月英语四级阅读段落信息匹配训练(2)

2021年12月英语四级阅读段落信息匹配训练(2)为广大考生整理“2021年12月英语四级阅读段落信息匹配训练”,希望对大家有所帮助,祝大家备考顺利!2021年12月英语四级阅读段落信息匹配训练汇总段落信息匹配题是四六级改革之后的新题型,很多同学还不是很熟悉,以下是本店铺为同学们整理的英语四级长篇阅读段落信息匹配题练习,希望对各位有所帮助。

Why I Became a Teacher: to Pass on My Love of LiteratureA) Like lots of people, I never thought I'd be a teacher when I was at school. To be honest l only did my training because my husband was on a four-year course and 1was on a three-year course at Cardiff University so I wanted to do something for one year. I thought doing a teaching qualification would be interesting and might be quite use full I'm convinced that nothing else I might have done would have given me so much pleasure and satisfaction, or fitted in so well with family life.B) When I retire, in just a few years time, I can look back on a career which made a positive difference to the lives of thousands of children. Few other career choices can be so rewarding, so if you have a love of your subject and want theopportunity to pass that on then teaching can be a great career.C) Anyone going into teaching now will be used to teaching to formal work schemes and observation. I think it has raised standards in the profession but personally I feel the loss in the classroom. I've got the confidence of 30 years experience. I've seen new approaches come and go (and sometime even identical "new ideas" come and go more than once).D) For me, it's the passion for your subject and interest in the success of your students that matters more than how all the acronyms (首字母缩略词) add up. This is what will make you a good teacher. There's still room for individuals but you have to have the confidence and passion for your subject to make it work.E) The major challenge in teaching is time. There's not enough of it. It's hard if you're working full time to cope with the marking and feel Eke you have enough time to do your job properly. I've worked part time ever since I had children. I officially work three days a week--trot on my two days off I always work, it probably all adds up to what counts as a full week's work in most other jobs but the pay isn't bad so you can work part time and then the job really does fit in with family life. There are shortcuts to save time, and if had to work parttime I'd have to use. them. But working part time gives me the luxury, to be a critical marker. It can take two hours to mark a 3,000 word A level essay, so if you have 16 pupils that's 32 hours of marking in one week for just one class.F) One of the benefits of being a part-time teacher is that I do have time to mark properly. Sometimes my feedback is almost as long as their essay but 1 really want the kids to do well. One of the best things about teaching is you get to raise children's aspirations, and to make a difference in their lives. You get visits and emails from your old students to prove it! It's great to make the difference, and, as they say, it does make it all worthwhile.G ) The core of teaching is the subject and the pupils. We have a lot of NQTs and PGCE students coming to our school and sometimes I must admit to being disappointed when students don't know their subjects that well. I had an NQT who was teaching Animal Farm and asked me "What's Marxism?" --and she'd got a first in her degree so it just goes to show that government initiatives to try and attract those with firsts aren't necessarily going work.H) However. lots of people drop out of teaching after a couple of years, it is an exhausting job. So my advice to thosejust starling out is:I) Don't lose your sense of proportion over things that happen in the classroom or in an observation that doesn't go well. As long as in the higger picture of things you are connecting with kids and the subject--then don't get frustrated. Even after 30 years of teaching everyone has fearful days in teaching, he you think: "Can I really do this?"You've got In keep positive; it's only a problem if you gel mute bad days than good days.J)Make sure leaching doesn't overwhelm you. You have Io develop strategies especially if you are teaching a subject which requires a lot of marking. So plan things well. Get your pupils to do peer marking, which really can work. If you know you just can't handle any more marking in a particular week, get pupi!s to write a speech and then perform it in the next class. You've got to think ahead about times of maximum workload and plan accordingly--ask your more experienced colleagues for adviceK)You've got to keep your sense of burnout, which is a great v, ay of relieving a,situation. I know I became a better teacher when I became a parent. I realised that kids can be so unpleasant sometimes, even your own kids. They don't mean it; they're justbeing kids. It doesn't mean they bate you or hate your lessons, When you're a new teacher coming into teaching, especially if you are young, you think of the students as almost your adversaries (对手), anti you've got-to defeat them. But you've got to be, careful what you say. You can't belittle them too much or you can really harm them.L) Love your subject. If you are going to succeed in secondary school leaching you must love your subject. The kids really know if you do or don't.M) You have to know your students are individuals, they learn in different ways. You have to be sensitlive to that.N ) You can't just teach to a formula. 1 do worry about the diffcuence between lip service to what the government say it's supposed to be like and what it's really like. I do hate the untrnthfulness of that and the gulf seems to widen more anti more. It feels likewhat matters most is what's tested. The trouble is nothing that is really worthwhile canbe tested. are the love of learning, connection with literature, having empathy ( 移情作用 )--these are the things that really make a difference to someone's life but of course they can't be tested. Young teachers have to he eareful not to get lost in fimnulas and initiatives. A more experienced teacher will haveconfidence to respond to kids anti to talk about an issue that's raised in class that's not on the plan. The children will learn so much from that but there's no box to tick.1. Keeping sense of humor rather than belittling your students can help relieve a situation.2. Teachers should not teach to a formula because what cannot be tested may really matter to a student's life.3. For the author, the main challenge in teaching is that there's no enough time.4. For teachers faced with a lot of marking, one strategy is to get pupils involved in peer marking.5. When dealing with things that happen in the classroom, teachers are advised to decide priorities.6. Working part time enables the author to mark students' assignments properly.7. The author believes she has received most satisfaction from teaching as a career.8. Students can tell whether a teacher loves his subject or not.9. The author thinks that teaching to formal work schemes and observation can make a loss in the classroom.10. According to the author, passion for a subject and interest in students' success will make a good teacher.1.K) 【题干译文】保持幽默感比贬低学生更能缓解课堂上的突发状况【定位】由题干中的sense ol humor,belittling you students 和relieve a situation定位到原文K)段第一句:You've got to keep your sense of humour.which is a great way of relieving a situation.和最后一句:You can’t belittle them too much 01"vou Carl really harm them.【精解】K)段第一句提到,幽默感是缓解突发状况的妙方。

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大学英语四级改革阅读理解新题型—匹配题练习最新
大学英语四级改革阅读理解新题型——匹配题
练习1
Caring for elderly parents catches many unprepared
[A ] Last July, Julie Baldocchi,s mother had a massive stroke and was paralyzed. Baldocchi suddenly had to become a family caregiver, something that s he wasn"t prepared for. “I was flying by the seat of my pants,” says Baldocchi, an employment specialist in San Francisco. Both of her parents are 83, and she knew her father couldn’t handle her mother’s care. The hospital recommended putting her mother in a nursing home. Baldocchi wasn’t willing to do that. But moving her back into her parents’ home created other problems. Baldocchi, 48, is married and lives about a mile away from her parents. She has a full-time job and has back problems that make it difficult for her to lift her mother. “I couldn’t do it all,” she says. “But I didn’t even know how to find help.”
[B] With help from the Family Caregiver Alliance, she eventually hired a live-in caregiver.
“But even if you plan intellectually and legally, y ou’re never ready for the emotional impact,” Baldocchi says. In the first two months after her mother’s stroke, she lost about 30 pounds as stress mounted. More than 42 million Americans provide family caregiving for an adult who needs help with daily activities, according to a survey by the AARP. An additional 61.6 million provided at least some care during the year. And many are unprepared.
[C] While many parents lack an advance care directive, it’s the most basic and important step they can take. The directive includes several parts, including: a durable power of attorney, which gives someone legal authority to make financial decisions on another’s behalf; a health care proxy, which is similar to the power of attorney, except it allows someone to make decisions regarding medical treatment; and a living will that outlines instructions for end-of-life care. (For example, parents can say if they want to be kept alive by artificial measures.) “It’s invaluable for the
kids, because it’s hard to make those d ecisions for a parent,” says Jennifer Cona, an elder- law attorney at Genser Dubow Genser & Cona in Melville, N.Y. An advance care directive is the first line of defense if a situation arises, says Kathleen Kelly, executive director of the Family Caregiver Alliance, which supports and educates caregivers. Without an advance directive, the family will have to petition the court to be appointed the parent’s legal guardian, says .
[D] It’s important for families to talk about long-term care so the adult children know their parents,preferences, wishes and goals, says Lynn Feinberg, a caregiving expert at AARP. But it’s not an easy conversation. Elderly parents are sometimes suspicious of their children’s financial motives, says Susan John, a financial planner at Financial Focus in Wolfeboro, N.H. One client asked John to hold a family meeting because they needed an intermediary to talk about financial issues, she says. And when there are many siblings, the family decisions can become a three-ring circus
with much acrimony, says Ann-Margaret Carrozza, an elder-law attorney in Glen Cove, N.Y. Families who need information and help sorting out disagreements can call on elder-law attorneys, financial planners, geriatric care managers and caregiver support groups. In February, AARP said it will offer its members a new caregiving support service through financial services firm Genworth.
[E] Many families are unprepared for quick decisions, especially when they find out that Medicare doesn’t pay for long-term care, Feinberg says. The median cost of a year in a private room at a nursing home in was $77,745, according to Genworth. And only those who have spent most of their assets can qualify for Medicaid to pay for the nursing home.
[ F] Assisted living is another option. Residents can have their own apartment to maintain some independence. But the facilities generally provide personal care services, such as meals, housekeeping and assistance with activities. Still, it’s not cheap: The national median co st in was。

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