动名词做主语和宾语的用法

(read)aloud is very
important in learning English.
3.Finding a job (找工作)is difficult
these days.
②用形式主语it，把真正的主语——动 名词结构移置句尾。
牢记以下句型：
It +be +a waste of time doing 做……是 浪费时间的
教学目标
1.记住动名词做主语和宾语的基本 用法
2.记住动名词的不同形式 3.能灵活使用动名词的知识解题
观察下列句子，他们的共同点是什么？
Since then, finding ways to grow more rice has been his life goal.
Just dreaming for things, however, costs nothing.
第二部分：动名词作宾语
• 观察下列句子：
1.Yuan longping enjoys listening to music ,swimming and reading.
2.He does’t care about being famous. 3.They focus on keeping their soil rich
It is/was no good/use doing 做……是 没用处的
It is useless doing
It is/was worth/worthwhile doing 做……是值得的
即学即练：
1.It is a waste of timearguing aboutit. (争论）
2.It is no use waiting for him (等他） 3.It is worthwhile reading a good。novel.
Spending money on himself or leading a comfortable life also means very little to him.
Over the past half century, using chemical fertilizers has become very common in farming
谓语动作之前。 Having finished the task ahead of time give
the boy a good chance.
2..否定形式：在动名词前加not,即not doing 完成式的否定not having done
注意和跟动词不定式的词的区分
决心学会有希望 decide learn wish hope 同意计划莫假装 agree plan pretend 忘记拒绝会失败 forget refuse fail 准备设法来帮忙 prepare manage help 提供请求负担起 offer beg afford 记得阻止理应当 remember stop be supposed 以上后跟不定式 劝君牢记永不忘
2. need/want/require/deserve doing sth.
=need/want/require/deserve to be done.
4 ) The bike requires repairing(repair) The bike requires to be repaired .
• be used to do 被用于做某事 • be used to doing 习惯于做某事
• can’t help to do 不能帮忙做某事 • can’t hep doing 忍不住做某事
1.He felt tired and stopped to have a rest.(have a rest)
(write) the book ? 3.Give me a call before leaving (leave)
home. 4.After playing (play) chess,we watched TV. 5.Only byworking (work) hard can you improve
your English . 6. I like your way of doing (do) the work.
动名词的几种特殊形式
1.动名词的时态
一般式 doing :1.动名词表示的动作时间不明 确2.与谓语动作同时或之后发生。
I enjoy playing football. He is considering going abroad next year. 完成式having done:强调动名词的动作发生在
即学活用：
1.I often practise speaking(speak) English.
2.I can’t avoid going (go)there with him.
3.He decided to experiment(experiment) with scientific methods of farming.
5.I am used to ___g_e_t_ti_n_g_u_p___ early.(get up)
6.We have finished Part 1.Let’s go on ___to__le_a_r_n_Part2(learn)
二、动名词作介词宾语
1.在含有介词的动词短语之后： be interested in, be fond of, think of, be proud of, dream of 2.在单个介词之后：
(三) 有些动词既可后接动名词也可接不定 式作宾语.（有区别）
(一).只能接动名词作宾语的动词
avoid finish escape practise
consider suggest imagine lead to
enjoy keep dislike delay mind miss focus on
4.Tom looked forward to seeing the film this weekend.
(二) 有些动词既可后接动名词也可接不定式
作宾语.（没大区别）
1.一些表示喜好或开始动作的动词 like,love,hate, prefer ,intend ,begin, start continue等，
It is no use arguing with him about such a matter.
动名词作主语
第一部分 动名词做主语
往往表示经常性、习惯性的动作。
形式：①动名词直接置于句首主语的位置上。
1.玩火危险Playing with fire is dangerous.
2 Reading
避免错过少延期 avoid ,miss,postphone 建议完成多练习 advise,finish,practise 喜欢想象禁不住 enjoy,imagine,can’t help 承认否定与嫉妒 admit,deny,envy 逃避冒险莫原谅 escape,risk.excuse 忍受保持不介意 stand,keep,mind
(读一本好的小说）
③在there be结构中作主语,这种结构的 意思相当于“It is impossible to do… ”
There is no doing……
• 1)这种事开不得玩笑。
There is __n_o__jo__k_in_g___ about such matter.
2)无法知道他什么时候离开。 There wasn_o__k_n_o_w_i_n_gwhen he would leave.
be fond of get used to be good at feel like
give up cannot stand be worth pay attention to devote to dream of insist on look forward to
，
常跟动词ing作宾语的动词歌诀:
注意：There is no need to do sth 干……没必要，在此句式中to do 不可换 为doing.. 没有必要告诉她。
There is no need to tell her.
to do or v-ing?
____P_l_a_y_in_g_(play)with fire is dangerous.
here any longer(say)
第二类：意义不同
go on doing go on to do
mean doing mean to do
stop doing stop to do
继续做原来做的事 接着做另一件事 意味着要做某事 想要做某事 停止做某事
停下来去做某事
• try to do 努力，企图做某事 • try doing 试着做某事
表示一般或抽象的多次行为
Be careful! __T_o_p__la_y(play)with fire will be dangerous.
具体的或一次性的动作
__S_w_i_m_m__in__g___(swim)is good for our health. ___T_o_s_w__im______(swim)in this river is not allowed
5 ) My hair needs cutting (cut)
My hair needs to be cut
.
(三) 有些动词既可后接动名词也可接不定式 作宾语。（有区别） forget, go on, mean, regret, remember,
stop, try, be used to, can‘t help
• I remember__s_e_e_i_n_g_ （see） you somewhere in Beijing.
• Remember _t_o_c_a_l_l_me tonight.(call) • He regretted___to__c_h_e_a_t_ in the
exam.(cheat) • I regret _to__s_a_y__that we can’t stay
2. No one answered at the front door.Let’s try _k_n_o_c_k_in_g__at the back door.(knock) 3.I didn’t to mean _t_o_h_u_r_t__your feeling.(hurt)
4.I can’t help ___to__c_le_a_n__(clean)the room.For I am too busy.
第一类 ：forget, regret, remember
后跟动名词，表示已经发生的动作；
后跟不定式表示将要发生的动作。
• I forgot _w__ri_ti_n_g_to her.我忘了曾经给 她写过信。
• I forgot __t_o__w_r_it_e__to her about it.我 忘了给她写信。
with ,of, for,without, against, to, in, besides ,after,before,by,of ,for
1.She left without saying (say)goodbye to us. 2.What have you been doing besides writing.
and free of disease. 4.Organic farmers prefer using natural
waste from animals as fertilizer.
一、动名词作动词宾语
(一) 有些动词只能后接动名词作宾语；
(二) 有些动词既可后接动名词也可接不定 式作宾语。（没有区别）源自文库
1）I started to work /working (work)here
two years ago.
2）I intended to write /writinga poem in
English.(write)
3）They prefer to spend/spending(spend)
their summer vacation in the country.