完形填空解题技巧
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词汇题
1.复现 同现
词语复现 词语复现是指某一个词以原词或同义词等方 式在同一篇中重复出现。语篇中的句子通过复现 关系达到相互衔接的目的,词语复现又可分为原 词复现、同源词复现(又叫同根词复现)、同义 或近义词复现(包括与近义词的同根词复现,如 ill与sickness)、上下义词复现(即总括与分述, 如food是bread、milk、rice等的上义词;r是 flower 的下义词)等。
解析:根据上文一句,作者在一所小学 教学,孩子门当然是每天进入(enter) 思想实验室了。built 建造; decorate 装 饰; run跑步,经营
4.(2014全国卷I)My wheelchair experiment was soon 54 . It made a deep impression on me. A few hours of “disability” gave me only a taste of the 55 (challenges) , both physical and mental, that disabled people must overcome. 54. A. forgotten B. repeated C. conducted D. finished
解析:fun与 dull为反义词复现
5.(2011四川卷)We fell in love. In the beginning , I didn’t want to discuss _____, because the sadness of losing Mum still felt great. Paul understood that and never pushed me but, by summer, we got married. A.travel B.business C.children D.marriage
备战完形填空——能力必备
一、快速阅读能力 二、词汇辨析能力 三、词汇搭配的理解能力 四、逻辑推断能力 五、运用常识能力 六、揣测作者意图的能力
技巧点拨
1. 注意上下文语境(context) 词汇复现、同现 2.运用词义辨析 (comparison) 3.掌握习惯搭配(phrases & idioms) 4.掌握熟词生义 (new meanings) 4.了解背景常识(common sense)
2. I climbed the staiபைடு நூலகம்s slowly, carrying a big suitcase, my father following with two more. By the time I got to the third floor, I was 1 and the same time feeling lonely.. 1. A. helpless B. lazy C. anxious D. tired
7.I did very badly at school. My headteacher
thought I was _____ and when I was 14 he said , “You are never going to be anything but a failure.” A.bright B B.useless C.simple D.hopeful
【高考完型命题特点】
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8.
以叙为主, 叙议结合; 篇章短小, 意义完整; 首句完整, 主题明确; 结构清晰, 层次分明; 考查语境, 侧重辨析; 实词为主, 虚词为辅; 逻辑推理, 隐于语篇; 常识语法, 经常出现。
形 散 意 不 散 貌 离 神 不 离
【近三年全国卷体裁题材特点】
2. 试填---瞻前顾后 上下求索(8-10分钟) 先易后难,逐层深入。紧扣全文内容,联 。 系上下文和语境,展开逻辑推理,注意从上 下文中寻找线索,注意词汇的意义、搭配, 惯用法,语法,常识等多个角度进行综合考 虑。
3 复核----全面检查,确保语意连贯(2-3分钟)
试填后,要把全文再通读一遍 ,注意看所 选答案填入空白处后能否做到文章意思通顺、 前后连贯、逻辑严谨、结构完整、首尾呼应。
利用首句信息
8.The school decided that when the driver opened both the front and back door, students who were getting off the bus should get off first, and students who were getting on should get on ____. B A. sooner B.later C.faster D.earlier
年 份 体 裁 题 材
2017
记叙文
作者学习美式手语的经历 及感受。
运输司机冒险救援事故车 辆。
2016
记叙文
记叙文 奉献爱心,助人为乐。 2015 (夹叙夹议) (赠人玫瑰,手留余香)
【近三年全国卷考点分布】
年份 名词 动词 形容 副词 连词 短语 词 2015 7题 6题 3题 3题 1题 其他
need, he burst into tears.
47. A. dollar C. hot meal B. job D. gift card
原词重现
3.(广东卷)there are many ways to prevent this from happening:hanging a knife over the baby's head while he slept or covering him with some of his father's clothers were just two of the recommended ___27____. A. cases B.tools C.steps D.methods 解析:methods与前文中的ways同义词复现
2017高考专题复习之
完 形 填 空
鹤壁高中 陈致玲
完形填空
【考纲要求与说明】
• 完形填空全面考查学生在阅读理解基础之 上运用词汇和语法的能力和水平。 • 解题过程要求考生根据文章的整体内容, 区分结构的层次和内容的逻辑关系,对语篇中 的缺失信息进行猜测、推断、验证的过程,通 常我们可以借助语篇的上下文线索以及文化背 景知识等进行解题。阅读过程中多注意体会作 者的写作意图,加强分析推理能力。
2016
2017
4题
5题
4题
9题
2题
5题
1题
1题
3题
4题
1题
主要考查名词、动词、形容词、副词,
占90% 以上。
考查内容
语篇信息(语境理解)
词汇手段
原 词 复 现
同 义 、 近 义 复 现
语法手段
较语 少法 考项 查目
逻辑手段
转并 折列 关关 系系
顺让 序步 关关 系系
解 释 关 系
因 果 关 系
…
47. A. recorded B. performed C. recited D. discussed
48. A. idea B. amount C. dream D. reason
49. A. disturbed B. supported C. embarrassed D. attracted
解析:根据句中的关键词watch可知,作者看到美 式手语社团的成员表演(perform) 。record 记录; recite背诵; discuss讨论.48 题和49题手部动作 和无须用语言交流的想法(idea)吸引(attract) 了我。
解析:与pale 同现的单词,应该是sick。
10.On_____ days, she wore heavy clothes and a pair of woolen gloves. A.sunny B.rainy C.cloudy D D.snowy
解析:与heavy clothes 和 woolen gloves 同现 的应该是snowy days。
4. (2017全国卷II) I had advised the kids that while verbs may be dull, most of the ___50_things they do throughout their lives will be verbs. 50.A.simple B.unique C.fun D.clever
1.( 2017全国卷I) While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life, college sets the stage for that exploration. .... After that, feeling the need to__52___ further, I decided to drop in on one of ASL club’s meetings. 52. A. exercise B. explore C. express D. explain
5. 运用语法分析(grammar analysis)
完形填空的解题步骤
把握整体 具体分析
跳过空格,通读全文, 把握大意 结合选项,综合考虑,初定答案 瞻前顾后,先易后难, 个个击破 再读全文,反复检查
完形填空解题三部曲:跳读---试填---复核
1、跳读—领会大意(2-3分钟) 速读全文要一气呵成,尽管有空格、生词或不明 白的地方,仍要快速读下去。通过通览全文、领 会大意,概略地了解文章的体裁、背景、内容、 结构层次、情节、写作风格等等。
解析:marriage与文中的 married 属同根 词复现。
6.(湖北卷)he taught her how to rely on her other ______,specially her hearing..... A.feeling B.organs C.skills D.senses
解析:senses为hearing的上义词复现
词语同现。
词语同现:某些语义相关联的词语在语篇中共同出现的
性,叫词语同现,也有人称之为“词场”。同现词之 间有反义或相对关系,或者同类互补关系等。如: different vs same, cruel vs friendly, death&destruction
9.These tell the story of a mother whose baby grows and pale … A. C. short D. small A sick B. slim
2.词义辨析
1.( 2017全国卷I) I watched as the ASL Club __47__their translation of a song. Both the hand movements and the very __48___of communicating without speaking___49___ me.
解析:在把握上文“我提着衣箱缓慢地上楼梯” 的情况下,可知答案为D. tired,即当我到达三楼 时,已经很累了;
3.( 2017全国卷II) In 1973, I was teaching elementary school. Each day 27kids______ “The Thinking Laboratory. A. built B. entered C. decorated D.ran
原词,同根词重现.
2. ( 2015全国卷I) Then my 17-year-old suggested
giving him a __47__. I thought about it. We were __48(low)__ on cash ourselves, but… … When I handed him the thegift gift card card, saying he could use it for __54(whatever)__ his family might