语法分类练习一:句法篇(二)
现代汉语语法部分练习,带答案
“现代汉语语法”练习一、填空1、现代汉语语法的主要性质表现为()、()和()。
2、实词和虚词的重要区别在于:()。
3、代词分为()、()、()。
4、兼语短语是由一个()短语和一个()短语套叠构成的。
5、主谓谓语句是指以()作谓语的句子。
6、一部分不能做谓语但具有分类作用和对立性质的词叫()。
7、划分词类是根据词的语法功能,词的语法功能指的是词的()和词的()。
8、词的分类是逐级进行的,根据能否充当句子成分把词分为()和()两大类9、虚词的特点是:(1)虚词总是()在实词或短语上边,表示一定的语法作用;(2)虚词不能单独充当();(3)虚词在句法结构中的位置比较固定。
10、将结构助词“的”“地”“得”分别填入下边句中的空格内。
(1)他说()我没听清楚。
(2)月亮悄悄()爬上了树梢。
(3)我们按规定作()处理。
(4)高兴()眼泪围着眼圈儿转。
(5)你别说()太过分了。
11、根据句子的()分出的类别叫句类,它包括:()、()、()和()四种;根据句子的()分出的类别叫句型,它可以分为主谓句和非主谓句。
12、“生命之树常青”这一句话中用了比喻,这种比喻属于()。
13、“我最近在读鲁迅”这一句话中用了借代,其借代方式是()。
14、辨别句型:把句型的代号字母填在括号里。
A、连谓句B、兼语句C、双宾句D、主谓谓语句E、主谓短语作宾语(1)他让我骑自行车。
()(2)我每天骑自行车上班。
()(3)他知道我不喜欢挤公共汽车。
()(4)骑自行车我从没出过事。
()15、“向前看”、“向无此例”和“心里向着他”的这三个“向”的词性分别是()、()和()16、指出下列各句中划线的词的词性。
(1)小王曾经跟老张到过俄罗斯。
()(2)小王跟老张都到过俄罗斯。
()(3)小王跟着老张到过俄罗斯。
()(4)他的思想跟不上形势。
()二、单项选择1、句子“这东西你吃过没有?”中“没有”的词性属于()A、动词B、形容词C、副词D、区别词2、下列句子属于连谓谓语句的是()A、他看见了就上前去搀扶她。
语法二参考答案
语法二参考答案语法是语言学的一个重要分支,研究语言的结构、形态和规则。
在学习一门语言的过程中,掌握和理解语法是至关重要的。
本文将从几个方面探讨语法的基本概念和常见问题,并给出一些参考答案。
一、语法的基本概念语法是规范语言使用的一套规则,它决定了词汇如何组合成句子,以及句子如何组合成段落和篇章。
语法包括词法、句法和语义三个层面。
1. 词法:词法是研究词汇的形态和构成规则的学科。
在语法中,词法规则决定了一个句子中可以使用的词汇类型和词类,如名词、动词、形容词等。
2. 句法:句法是研究句子结构和句子成分之间关系的学科。
在语法中,句法规则决定了一个句子中各个成分的排列顺序和语法功能,如主语、谓语、宾语等。
3. 语义:语义是研究语言意义的学科。
在语法中,语义规则决定了一个句子的意义和表达方式,如肯定、否定、疑问等。
二、常见语法问题及参考答案1. 主谓一致:主谓一致是指主语和谓语在人称和数上要保持一致。
例如:“他们喜欢吃水果。
”中的主语“他们”是复数形式,所以谓语“喜欢”也要用复数形式。
2. 时态和语态:时态和语态是指动词的时间和动作发生者的关系。
例如:“我昨天去了图书馆。
”中的动词“去”是过去式,表示动作发生在过去。
而语态表示动作的执行者和承受者,例如:“这本书被我借走了。
”中的动词“借走”是被动语态。
3. 并列句和复合句:并列句是由两个或多个并列的主谓结构组成,句与句之间用逗号或者连接词连接。
例如:“我喜欢唱歌,她喜欢跳舞。
”而复合句是由一个主句和一个或多个从句组成。
例如:“他说他会来。
”中的主句是“他说”,从句是“他会来”。
4. 修饰语的位置:修饰语一般位于被修饰词的前面或者后面。
例如:“我买了一本很有趣的书。
”中的修饰语“很有趣”位于被修饰词“书”的后面。
5. 介词的使用:介词是连接词和词组的一种词类,用来表示时间、地点、原因等关系。
例如:“我在学校学习。
”中的介词“在”表示地点关系。
三、语法学习的方法和技巧1. 多读多写:通过大量阅读和写作来巩固语法知识。
第007课:基础语法知识-句法(下)-2
2016年全国职称英语等级考试(卫生类、理工类、综合类)热身阶段—基础语法知识之句法(下)本节重点内容•句法–句子的成分(主语、谓语、宾语、表语、补语、同位语、定语和状语)句子的结构(简单句、并列句、复合句和并列复合句)。
句法-复合句-名词性从句-宾语从句2015年卫生类B 、C 级,理工类B 级《阅读理解》试题42.Giussan and his team are sure that .A.people living in La Paz are poorer than those in Santa CruzB.the birthweight of babies born to wealthy families is above averageC.babies born in La Paz are on average lighter than those in Santa CruzD.mothers in La Paz are commonly under-nourishedSure enough, Giussani found that the average birthweight of babies in La Paz was significantly lower than in Santa Cruz. This was true in both high and low-income families. Even babies born to poor families in Santa Cruz were heavier on average than babies born to wealthy families in lofty(地势极高的) La Paz. "We were very surprised by this result," says Giussani.第四段句法-复合句-名词性从句-宾语从句2015年卫生类B 、C 级,理工类B 级《阅读理解》试题43.It can be inferred from what Giussani says in Paragraph 4that.A.he was very tiredB.the finding was unexpectedC.the study took longer than expectedD.he was surprised to find low-income families in La Paz Sure enough, Giussani found that the average birthweight of babies in La Paz was significantly lower than in Santa Cruz. This was true in both high and low-income families. Even babies born to poor families in Santa Cruz were heavier on average than babies born to wealthy families in lofty(地势极高的) La Paz. "We were very surprised by this result," says Giussani.第四段句法-复合句-名词性从句-宾语从句2015年卫生类B 、C 级,理工类B 级《阅读理解》试题44.The results of the study indicate the reason for the birth of underweight babies is .ck of certain nutritionB.poverty of their mothersC.reduction of oxygen levelsD.different family backgroundsThe results suggest that babies born at high altitude are deprived of oxygen before birth. "This may trigger the release or suppression of hormones that regulate growth of the unborn child." says Giussani.第五段句法-复合句-名词性从句-宾语从句2015年卫生类A 级《阅读理解》试题42.Quite a number of genetic techniques have been used.A.to target how the ear worksB.to stimulate sensory cellsC.to amplify sound signalsD.to study the fruit fly The latest research, conducted by Dr. J ōrg T. Albert, a Deafness Research UK research fellow at the UCL Ear Institute, together with scientists at the University of Cologne, shows that fruit flies have ears which mechanically amplify sound signals in a remarkably similar way to the sensory(感觉的) cells found in the inner ear of vertebrates(脊椎动物) including humans. The finding means that the wealth of genetic techniques already available to study the fruit fly can now be used to target how the ear works.第二段2016年全国职称英语等级考试基础语法知识句法-复合句-名词性从句表语从句句法-复合句-名词性从句-表语从句表语从句是指在表语的位置不出现词或词组,而出现一个句子,这样的句子称为表语从句。
语言学概论分类模拟语法(一)
语言学概论分类模拟语法(一)语言学概论分类模拟语法(一)一、选择题1. “老人”的“老”和“老师”的“老”都属于语法单位中的______。
A.语素B.词C.词根D.词缀答案:A2. 下列形态属于语法范畴中的“体”的是______。
A.I am coming.B.He writes.C.A tree is broken.D.You shall drink.答案:A3. 确定“忽然”是副词,“突然”是形容词,主要是依据______。
A.词的意义B.词的形态变化C.词的句法功能D.词的意义和形态变化答案:C4. “扮演的是一个年轻人”是一个有歧义的结构,造成歧义的原因是______。
A.层次构造不同C.语义关系不同D.指代关系不同答案:C5. 汉语里有很多主谓结构作谓语的句子,如“大象鼻子很长”等,这种结构成立的原因,是因为有语法结构组合的______。
A.层次性B.递归性C.重复性D.无穷性答案:C6. 下列英、汉短语中,不属于偏正结构的是______。
A.Just left./doc/9c4105508.html,e again.C.塑料杯子D.说清楚答案:D7. 从“我打破了花瓶”变换为“我把花瓶打破了”,使用了______的变换手法。
A.删除B.添加C.替代D.移位答案:BDA.都是词缀B.都是词尾C.“—er”是词缀,“—ed”是词尾。
D.“—er”是词尾,“—ed”是词缀。
答案:C9. 从语言的语法结构类型来看,以下属于黏着语的是______。
A.英语B.俄语C.日语D.汉语答案:C10. 普通话的助词“着、了、过”所表示的语法意义属于语法范畴中的______。
A.时B.体C.态D.人称答案:B11. 下列结构中没有歧义的是______。
A.三个师范大学的学生B.在灯光下慢慢地把纸条展开C.喜欢画画的孩子D.不适当地灌水施肥答案:B12. “世界语”是一种国际辅助语,其创造者是______。
语法分析练习题
语法分析练习题语法是语言的规则和结构,它帮助我们准确、清晰地表达思想和交流。
以下是一些语法分析练习题,让我们一起来巩固和提高语法知识吧!一、句子成分分析分析下列句子的成分:1、他在图书馆认真地看书。
“他”是主语,表示动作的执行者;“在图书馆”是状语,说明动作发生的地点;“认真地”是状语,描述动作的状态;“看”是谓语,表达动作;“书”是宾语,是动作的对象。
2、美丽的花朵在风中轻轻摇曳。
“美丽的花朵”是主语,其中“花朵”是中心语,“美丽的”是定语;“在风中”是状语;“轻轻”是状语;“摇曳”是谓语。
3、老师给我们讲了一个有趣的故事。
“老师”是主语;“给我们”是状语;“讲”是谓语;“一个有趣的故事”是宾语,其中“故事”是中心语,“一个”是数量词,“有趣的”是定语。
二、词性判断判断下列词语的词性:1、快乐“快乐”是形容词,通常用来描述人的心情或状态。
2、跑步“跑步”是动词,表示一种运动行为。
3、非常“非常”是副词,用于修饰形容词或动词。
4、这“这”是指示代词,用来指示较近的人或事物。
三、病句修改下面是一些病句,请找出错误并修改:1、我断定他可能生病了。
错误:“断定”表示肯定的判断,“可能”表示不确定,两者矛盾。
修改:我断定他生病了。
2、他经常回忆过去的往事。
错误:“过去的”和“往事”语义重复。
修改:他经常回忆往事。
3、这篇童话对我产生了兴趣。
错误:主客倒置,应该是“我对这篇童话产生了兴趣”。
修改:我对这篇童话产生了兴趣。
四、句式转换将下列句子进行句式转换:1、他把书递给了我。
(改为被字句)书被他递给了我。
2、我们不能忘记老师的教诲。
(改为反问句)我们怎么能忘记老师的教诲呢?3、他跑得很快。
(改为比喻句)他跑得像离弦的箭一样快。
五、标点符号使用判断下列句子标点符号使用是否正确,如果不正确请修改:1、今天的天气真好啊!正确。
2、你喜欢唱歌、跳舞、还是画画?错误,选择问句中,中间的“、”应改为“,”。
修改:你喜欢唱歌,跳舞,还是画画?3、妈妈说:“孩子你要好好学习。
句法应用练习题
句法应用练习题一、句法概述在语言学中,句法(Syntax)是研究句子结构、句子成分以及句子之间的关系的学科。
它研究语言中的句子是如何组织和构建的。
二、句法基本概念1. 句子:句子是表达完整意义的基本单位,它通常由主语、谓语和宾语构成。
一个句子可以是简单句,也可以是复合句或并列句。
2. 主语:主语是句子中的核心成分,它通常是一个名词或代词,用来表示动作的执行者或人物。
3. 谓语:谓语是句子中表示动作或状态的核心成分,通常是一个动词。
4. 宾语:宾语是表示动作的承受者或影响对象的成分,通常是一个名词、代词或从句。
5. 状语:状语用来表示动作的方式、时间、地点、程度等,它可以是一个副词、介词短语或从句。
三、句法练习题1. 找出下列句子中的主语、谓语和宾语:a) 我喜欢看电影。
b) 他们正在读一本有趣的书。
c) 她送给了我一束鲜花。
d) 孩子们在公园里玩球。
2. 根据句子要求,填写合适的状语:a) 他们经常在晚上去散步。
(时间状语:______)b) 她小心地把花放在花瓶里。
(方式状语:______)c) 我们去过一次美丽的海滩。
(地点状语:______)d) 他们非常努力地学习。
(程度状语:______)3. 将下列句子改写为复合句:a) 汤姆爱读书。
b) 他们正在吃饭。
c) 小明喜欢运动。
d) 她帮我洗了衣服。
4. 将下列句子改写为并列句:a) 我喜欢喝咖啡,也喜欢喝茶。
b) 她又聪明又机智。
c) 他们不但唱歌,还跳舞。
d) 我们既学习又工作。
四、答案解析1. 答案:a) 主语:我,谓语:喜欢,宾语:电影b) 主语:他们,谓语:正在读,宾语:一本有趣的书c) 主语:她,谓语:送给了,宾语:我一束鲜花d) 主语:孩子们,谓语:在玩,宾语:球2. 答案:a) 时间状语:经常b) 方式状语:小心地c) 地点状语:一次美丽的海滩d) 程度状语:非常努力地3. 改写为复合句:a) 汤姆爱读书。
→ 汤姆是一个爱读书的人。
语法复习一句子分类
语法复习一:句子成分;简单句、并列句和复合句(一)句子种类两种分类法1、按句子的用途可分四种:1)陈述句(肯定、否定):He is six years old; She didn’t hear of you before.特点: 用句号结束一个句子2)疑问句(一般、特殊、选择、反意):Do they like skating? How old is he? Is he six or seven years old? Mary can swim, can’t she?疑问句就是问句3)祈使句:Be careful, boys; Don’t talk in class祈使句: 表示命令或者请求. 和有没有主语没有关系4)感叹句:How clever the boy is!还有一个结构是用what. how 后面加上的是形容词副词.what后面加上的是名词.2、按句子的结构可分三种:1)简单句:只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)。
e.g. He often reads English in the morning.Tom and Mike are American boys.She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.2) 并列句:由并列连词(and, but, or等)或分号(;)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。
要注意哟,逗号是不可以连接句子的,这一点和汉语不同.e.g. You help him and he helps you.The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的,道路是曲折的。
3)复合句:含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。
复合句包含:名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)、定语从句和状语从句等。
有主句和从句构成,在一个句子前面加上连词(当然不是and,but,or了),这个句子就是从句了.e.g. The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.(二)简单句的五种基本句型1、主语+系动词+表语:e.g. He is a student.2、主语+不及物动词:e.g. We work.3、主语+及物动词+宾语:e.g. Henry bought a dictionary.4、主语+及物动词+双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语):e.g. My father bought me a car.5、主语+及物动词+复合宾语(宾语+宾补):e.g. Tom made the baby laugh.注:其他各种句子都可由这一种基本句型扩展、变化或省略而构成。
基础语法-词法、句法及巩固性练习
基础语法-词法、句法及巩固性练习二.五种简单句结构(1)主语—系动词—表语(SVP)如:Yangzhou is a beautiful city. (名词词组充当表语)This idea sounds good. (形容词充当表语)The book is on English grammar. (介词词组充当表语)(2)主语—谓语(SV) 如:Leaves fall in autumn.This horse runs very fast.(3)主语—谓语—宾语(SVO)如:John likes music. (名词充当宾语)They offered to help us. (动词不定式充当宾语)(4)主语—谓语—宾语—补语(SVOC)如:Mary found this story interesting. (形容词充当宾补)Mother asks me to study hard. (动词不定式充当宾补)(5)主语—谓语—宾语(间接)—宾语(直接)The teacher gave Peter some books. (Peter 为间接宾语;some books 为间接宾语)三. 3种句子结构根据结构,英语的句子分为三种:简单句(也称独立句),并列句和主从句。
换句话说,就句子结构而言,英语中的所有句子无非是上述三种句子中的一种。
(1)简单句:是指只有一个完整的主谓结构的句子。
如:The man arrived at the house. (一个主语+一个谓语)The man arrived at the house and knocked at the door. (一个主语+两个谓语)The man and the woman arrived at the house. (两个主语+一个谓语)The man and the woman arrived at the house and knocked at the door.(两个主语+两个谓语)(2)并列句:是指具有两个完整的主谓结构的句子;两个主谓之间通常由并列连词或分号连接。
英语语法:句法
句子的种类(一)按使用目的可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。
1)陈述句(Declarative Sentences):说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。
Light travels faster than sound.光比声速度快。
(说明事实)The film is rather boring.这部电影很乏味。
(说明看法)2)疑问句(Interrogative Sentences):提出问题。
有以下四种:a.一般疑问句(General Questions):Can you finish the work in time?你能按时完成工作吗?b.特殊疑问句(W Questions; H Questions):Where do you live?你住那儿?How do you know that? 你怎么知道那件事?c.选择疑问句(Alternative Questions):Do you want tea or coffee?你是要茶还是要咖啡?d.反意疑问句(Tag-Questions):He doesn't know her, does he?他不认识她,对不对?3)祈使句(Imperative Sentences):提出请求,建议或发出命令,例如:Sit down, please.请坐。
Don't be nervous!别紧张!4)感叹句(Exclamatory Sentences):表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪,例如:What good news it is!多好的消息啊!(二)句子按其结构可以分为以下三类:1)简单句(Simple Sentences):只包含一个主谓结构句子叫简单句,例如:She is fond of collecting stamps.她喜欢集邮。
(主)(谓)2)并列句(Compound Sentences):包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子叫并列句,句与句之间通常用并列连词或分号来连接,例如:The food was good, but he had little appetite.(主)(谓)(主)(谓)食物很精美,但他却没什么胃口。
初中英语句子结构成份讲解及专项练习(含答案)
英语句子成分划分详解(一)主语:就是一个句子陈述的对象,或是动作的执行者。
它回答的是“谁”“什么”的问题。
如:我看书。
谁看书?“我”。
“我”就是这句子的主语。
主语由名词或相当于名词的词充当。
(如动词不定式,动名词,代词都可作主语,主语从句)主语(subject):句子说明的人或事物。
The sun rises in the east. (名词)He likes dancing. (代词)Twenty years is a short time in history. (数词)Seeing is believing. (动名词)To see is to believe. (不定式)What he needs is a book.(主语从句)It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree. (It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)谓语:说明主语是什么,干什么,怎么样。
它回答的是主语“干什么,是什么”的问题。
如上句中主语“我”干什么?“看书”。
“看书”就是谓语。
一个句子,一般都可分成主、谓两大部分(祈使句是省主句)。
再细分又可分成谓语(动词)、宾语,表语,补语(包括宾补和主补),定语,状语,同位语等。
如第一例中谓语部分可划分成谓语(看)和宾语(书)。
谓语部分中心词一定要是一个动词,要么是行为动词,要么是系动词,不同的动词构成不同的句子类型。
句子的各种时态、人称和数的变化都在谓语动词上变。
谓语(predicate):说明主语的动作、状态和特征。
We study English.He is asleep.宾语:指谓语动词所涉及的对象,由名、代、数,宾语从句等相当于名词的词句充当,但人称代词要用宾格。
如:还说上例。
谓语动词是“看”,看什么?看“书”,“书”是动词“看”所涉及的对象,是“看”的宾语。
需要说明的是:只有及物动词和介词或相当于及物动词和介词的短语才可带宾语。
现代汉语-语法部分习题及答案
语法部分1一、填空1.从语气角度看,句子可分为四类,例如“我爱我的红领巾。
”是,“这部小说真好看!”是,“你快去帮忙吧!”是,“他为什么不来通知我呢?”是。
2.单句可分、两大类,例如“1949年春天的一个早晨”是句,“我马上就去办”是句。
3.主谓句的下位句型包括、和三类。
例如“鲁迅是一个作家”是句,“鲁迅非常伟大”是句,“鲁迅绍兴人”是句。
4.动词性谓语句包括四种下位句型,例如“这部电影我去年就看过了”是句,“他什么情况都不清楚”是句,“你把房间打扫干净了吗”是句,“我去帮他推一下”是句。
5.从语义关系看,宾语可分、和三类,例如“来了一个人”,“讨论问题”,“是张同志”分别是、、宾语。
6.主谓句的成份包括、、和四种。
如“据报道,你救助过的那个学生今年考上大学了”,这个句子的主语是,谓语是,独立语是。
7.复句是由按一定的构成的。
复句的基本类型有、、、、、、、八种。
例如“如果不是医生及时抢救,他恐“朋系。
9.15.“学校23.择1.咬死了他这本C.让步D.递进四、分析1.从语气和结构的角度给下列句子分类1)他去年秋天写的那部小说得了一等奖2他去年秋天写了一部小说人人都指导3)去年秋天他花了两个星期写了本小说4我不知道他为什么那样热衷于写小说5)人为什么天天都要去太湖边钓鱼呢6)他昨天钓的那条鱼起码有五斤7)你明天带我一块儿去钓鱼吧(8)看样子,他会把池塘里的鱼钓干净2.比较下列各组句子意义上的差别1)他好几天没有吃饭了。
——他好几天没有吃米饭了。
(2)他连喊带叫,走进教室。
——他连喊带叫,走近教室。
(3)这种食品据说能致癌。
——这种食品据说能治癌。
(4)我们这里年年干旱。
——我们这里连年干旱。
(5)小张会下围棋。
——小张会下围棋了。
(6)这个问题,我考虑得不成熟。
——这个问题,我没有考虑成熟。
(7)我们过几天去看你。
——我们过几天来看你。
(8)赶快拿酒去。
——赶快拿酒来。
(9)什么书他都看。
——他都看什么书。
英语语法-句子成分分析及练习
英语句子成分分析一个句子至少由两部分构成,即主语和谓语,它们是句子的主要成分。
句子的次要成分包括宾语(包括双宾语中的直接宾语和间接宾语),表语,定语(包括前置定语及后置定语),状语,同位语(包括限制性同位语及非限制性同位语),补语。
一.主语:是一句话的中心,一个句子中需要加以说明或描述的对象如:They were teachers.(他们曾是老师。
) Time flies. (时光飞逝。
)这两句话中分别由代词They ,名词Time 作主语。
主语的位置:一般位于句首,由名词、代词、数词或相当于名词的词、短语等充当。
The school is far from here. 名词做主语She goes to school by bike. 代词做主语Eight is a lucky number. 数词做主语The blind need more help. 名词化的形容词做主语Predicting the future is interesting. 动名词做主语To be a doctor is my dream. 不定式短语做主语That he forgot to tell me the time for the meeting caused lots of trouble. 他忘了告诉我开会的时间给我带来了很多麻烦。
(从句)It is very clear that the elephant is round and tall like a tree.(It形式主语,主语从句是真正主语)二.谓语:是对主语加以陈述,表示人或事物(主语)的动作和存在的状态英语中由动词be、动词have和行为动词来充当谓语动词谓语动词往往由一个或一个以上的助动词或情态动词加上主要动词构成。
谓语必须由动词或动词短语充当,因此动词不定式、动名词、分词为非谓语动词,不能作谓语。
且谓语动词可以体现时态,单复数的语法现象。
第四章 语法(语序、判断句、被动句)
二、宾语前置 把宾语提到动词谓语或介词的前面,叫做宾语前置。 (一)疑问句中,疑问代词作宾语前置。 1.动词宾语前置 例:(1)吾谁欺?欺天乎? (2)曰:“奚冠?”曰:“冠素。” (3)良问曰:“大王来何操?”
古代汉语中的疑问代词主要有:谁、何、胡、奚、安、恶、
孰、焉。
疑问代词宾语前置的例外情况:
“是”还常用在句中作“指示代词”。 例:(1)八佾舞于庭,是可忍,孰不可忍也? (2)是鸟也海运将徙于南冥。 (3)今子食我,是逆天帝之命。 (4)富与贵,是人之所欲也。 “是”在古汉语判断句中作主语,复指上文出现的内容。
三、判断句的活用
句子采用判断句的形式,但在语义上不表达判断的内容,
我们称之为“判断句的活用”。
例:(1)子张曰:“子夏云何?”
(2)荀息谓何?
谓语动词前有助动词,疑问代词作宾语常置于助动 词之前。
例:(1)《吕氏春秋》:“公谁欲相?” (2)《左传》:“臣实不才,又谁敢怨?”
2.疑问代词作介词宾语前置 例:(1)学恶乎始?恶乎终?
(2)胡为至今不朝也?
(3)曷为久居此围城之中而不去也?
2.否定句中,有否定词“不”、“莫”、“未”、 “毋”,代词作宾语前置。 例:(1)不患人之不己知,患不知人也。 (2)然而不王者,未之有也。
B.主语 C.状语 D.定语
练习: 一、选择题 3.下列各句中的“非”字不是用于判断句的是( ABD ) A.管仲非仁者与? B.是非君子之言也。
C.蟹六跪而二螯,非蛇鳝之穴无可寄托者,用心躁也。
D.此庸夫之怒也,非士之怒也。
练习:
二、说明下列句子中的“是”字的词性及在句子中的意义。 1.君处北海,寡人处南海,唯是风马牛不相及也。 2.岂不榖是为?先君之好是继。 3.昭王南征而不复,寡人是问。
语法系列:句子成分及五大基本句式全解+练习(附答案)
简单句的五种基本句型,并列句和复合句之阿布丰王创作Wa ng Hansong简单句简析不论看上去有多纷繁庞杂的英语句子,删繁就简之后获得的基本框架皆是由五种基本句式组合而成.故了解并熟知英语简单句的五种基本句式是理解所有单复句(单句,并列句,复合句,复杂句)的最重要的前提保证;它同时也是学好各年夜英语语法的必备条件.简单句的基本句型构成英语句子最重要最基本的组成部份是主语和谓语两年夜部份.而这两部份需要由分歧功能的词性充任,故了解各种词性的功能成为首要任务.下面是罕见几种词性的主要功能简介:(记住各类词性的英文缩写.)1.名词n.:主语,宾语,表语;宾语补足语2.代词pron.; 主语,宾语,表语;(宾语补足语-未几见)3.动词v.(包括及物动词Vt和不及物动词Vi):谓语,(非谓语-此章节不涉及)4 形容词adj.:表语,定语,(有时也可以充任状语)-- 通常修饰名词或代词5 副词adv.:状语(通常修饰动词,形容词,副词;有时也修饰介词短语)6 连词conj.:起到连接两个或两个以上的句子成份或句子的功能.7 冠词art.:定语,通常修饰名词了解并熟知罕见词性的主要功能,就能够为我们快速抓住句子的主干部份及理解长难句奠基良好的基础.所以我们平时在背单词时,务需要理解并记忆其词性.有了这个先决条件,再来学习并运用下面的五种基本句式就简单多了.1. S十Vi主谓结构2. S十Vt十O主谓宾结构3. S十LinkV十P主系表结构4. S十Vt十O1十O2 主谓双宾结构5. S十Vt十O十OC 主谓宾+宾补结构解读:(1)S=主语;V=谓语;LinkV=系动词; P=表语;O=宾语;O1=间接宾语(通常指人);O2=直接宾语(常指物);OC=宾语补足语)(2)仔细观察以上五种基本句式,我们不难发现,各句式中的谓语动词类别其实不完全一样.因此也提醒我们在背单词过程中,针对动词要有意识的去了解动词的类别,辨清是linkV, Vt还是Vi五种基本句式解析1: S十Vi 主谓结构(Vi通常不接宾语;也无主动语态).此句式后往往会用一些时间,地址,频率,水平,方式等状语修饰,以使句意更加明晰.1) 主语经常使用以下词性或词形充任: n. / pron./ doing / to do / clause2)用作谓语的罕见不及物动词(或短语)有:appear, sit, apologize,arrive,come, go, die, disappear, exist; fall, rise ; occur, happen, take place, come about, break out; come out, come up, go out等等.Eg:(1) Mr. Black disappeared suddenly.(2) The old nation has existed about one thousand years..(3) Great Changes have taken place in our country since the 1990s .(4) Some good ideas came up at the meeting yesterday.Exx:(Tip:先抽出句子主干翻译,再在适当位置添译附加成份)1)我们班的每一位同学现在学习都很努力._____________________________________2)我们学校的年夜部份班主任通常5:20就起床了._______________________________________3) 那场年夜火年夜概是前天下午三点迸发的._____________________________________2. S十Vt (短语)十O主谓宾结构有时句子中含有与宾语有关的状语.作宾语的成份常是:名词、代词、动词不定式、动名词或从句.如:1) We like sports.我们喜爱运动.2) He knows what to do next.他知道下一步做什么.3) He began learning English ten years ago.十年前他开始学英语.4) I have decided to play the flute well.我已经决定把长笛吹好.5) 我昨天与同班同学一起看了一部片子._______________________________.6) You place me in a difficult situation.___________________________.7) They finally managed to get along with us. ____________________________. 8)They have _______ _______ ______ of thechildren.这些孩子他们照看得很好.17)I don’t like being treated like this.________________________________.(注:少数不及物动词后面可以跟一个相同意义的名词作宾语,这样的宾语就叫做同源宾语.罕见的能携同源宾语的动词有:lead, live, die, sleep, dream, breathe, smile, laugh, fight, run, sing等.例如:1). Under the leadership of the Party, the peasants lead a happy life.2). I dreamed a terrible dream last night.3). Our soldiers fought a wonderful fight against the floods last August.4). He died a glorious death.3: S十linkV十P主系表结构1) He is an IT engineer.他是一位信息工程师.2) The cloth feels smooth.这块布料手感细滑.3) The river near my house looks more beautiful in the early morning.我家附近的那条河在清晨看上去格外美丽.** 这种句型中的系动词一般可分为下列两类:A. 暗示状态的连系动词.这些词有:be, look, seem, appear, smell, feel, taste,sound,keep, remain, 等等.如: 4) We should ________ __________ any time. (坚持谦虚). 5) 这种食物尝起来很糟糕.___________________________________.B. 暗示转变或结果的系动词.这些词有:become, get, grow, turn, go, come, prove,等等.如:6) Spring comes. It is getting warmer and warmer.7) Don't have the food. _______________________________. (它已经蜕变了).8) The fact __________ ___________. 这个事实证明是正确的.4. S十V十O1十O2主谓双宾结构,O1=间接宾语;O2=直接宾语1) The old man gave the little boy some coins.老人给了那个小男孩几个硬币.2) Mr. Hardey teaches US European Literature.哈代先生教我们欧洲文学.3) His aunt bought him a book and several toys.他婶婶给他买了一本书和几个玩具.4) His praise gave US great encouragement.他的表彰给了我们很年夜的鼓舞.5) The programmer is showing us how to use the computer.法式员正在教我们如何使用电脑.(这种句型中作间接宾语的经常指“人”,直接宾语经常指“物”.) 如:6)Yesterday her father __________ ______ _____ _______ as a birthday present. 昨天她父亲给她买了一辆自行车作为生日礼物.7) The old man is telling the children stories in the Long March.___________________________________________________.这种句型还可转换为其他两种句型:A.动词+直接宾语+ for sb.;B.动词+直接宾语+ to sb..8) Please show me your picture. = Please ______ _____ __________ _________9) I'll offer you a good chance as long as you don t lose heart.= I'll offer ____ ______ ________ ____ _____ as long as you don't lose heart.5: S十V十O十C主谓宾补结构1) We think Creek too difficult.我们认为希腊语太难了.2) We made him captain.我们选他作队长.3) They don't want to let us go.他们不想让我们走.4) When the policemen came in,they found the old man dead.警察进来时发现老人死了.5) He 1ikes to watch the boys playing football. 他喜欢看那些男孩们踢足球.** 这种句型中的“宾语+补语”可统称为“复合宾语”,作补语的经常是名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、分词、动词不定式等.如:6)Keep ________________________________, please. 请让孩子们宁静下来.7)他把墙漆成白色._____________________________________________________.8)我们发现他是一个诚笃的人.________________________________________ ______.注意:动词have, make, let, see, hear, notice, feel, observe,watch等后面所接的动词不定式作宾补时,不带to.但如果酿成主动语态,则加上to 如:9)The boss made him do the work all day.(酿成主动语态)____________________________________________________.Exx:判断下面各句分别属于简单句的哪种基本句型:1. Your sister dances beautifully. ( )2. Doing that would be playing with fire. ( )3. I will tell my friends to protect the environment. ( )4. They kept their marriage a secret. ( )5. She gave me her telephone number. ( )6. Good food keeps you healthy. ( )7. I advise waiting till the right time. ( )8. Did you sleep well? ( )9. Horse-riding and shooting are some of the more unusual events. ( )10. Pop music makes people feel easy and forget about the real world. ( )综合能力训练1. Don't smoke in the meeting-room,_________?A. do youB. will youC. can you D.could you2.Canned food do not go ______ easily.A. sourlyB. sourC. souringD. soured3. I shall make your dream _______.A. coming trueB. come true C.to come true D.comes true4. Even in bed his uneasiness about his riches kept him________.A.wake B.awake C.waken D.to awaken5. I think _______ a good habit to get up early.A.this B.it C.that D.its6. -- Do you know Jim quarreled with his brother?—I don’t know,______.A.nor don’t I care B.nor do I careC.I don’t care neither D.I don’t care also7. The television set will keep us _______of the news of the day.A.informed B.entertained C.educated D.inform8. The speaker found himself _______ all alone.A. leaveB. to leave C.1eaving D.1eft9. The day we were longing for _______ at last.A. coming B.came C.to come D.come10. He did all he could ________the poor people in the mountain area.A.help B.to help C.helping D.helped11. Every minute must be made full use of ________our lessons.A.do B.doing C.done D.to do12. The life he has been used to _________disturbed nowA.being B.be C.to be D.is being13. —Would you like to come to dinner tonight.—I'd like to,__ I'm too busy.A. andB. soC. asD. but14. Mrs. Black doesn't believe her son is able to design a digital camera,________?A. is heB. isn't heC. doesn't sheD. does she15. Brian told you that there wasn't anyone in the room at that time, _______?A. was thereB. wasn’t thereC. didn't heD. did he16. ——How about John?——My aunt ______ a good student.A. believes JohnB. suggests JohnC. considers JohnD. knows John17. I like singing __ she likes dancing.A. asB. whileC. whichD. when18. Yesterday was my birthday. My mother ________.A. made for me a cakeB. made a cake to meC. made me a cakeD. made a cake me19. —I hear you got lost yesterday.—Yes, I went to the zoo and couldn't find ______ the hotel.A. my way back toB. how I should go forC. how to returnD. the way back for20. One more week,____ we will accomplish the taskA. orB. so thatC. andD. if21. ——I had thought I would miss the bus.——_________you wouldn't have arrived on time.A. OtherwiseB. SoC. ButD. That22. —Why didn't you buy it?—_______, nor did the color agree with me.A. Because the price was highB. Not only did it fit meC. For I disliked its materialD. Neither was the quality satisfactory23. —Why didn't you go to the airport to see her off?—Oh,__A. no, I did. But I was lateB. yes, I didn't, I'm sorry for it.C. yes, I did. But I couldn't get there on timeD. no, I'm too busy to spare my time, you know24. —The place isn't too bad, is it?—No,_____ it's a bit too crowded.A. butB. forC. andD. as高考试题精选25. Excuse me for breaking in,_____ I have some for you.A. soB. andC. butD. yet26. The Parkers bought a new house but ______ will need a lot of work before they can move in.A. theyB. itC. oneD. which27. You had one of your teeth pulled out yesterday, _______?A. had youB. hadn't youC. did youD. didn't you28. ______ some of this juice--perhaps you'll like it.A. TryingB. TryC. To tryD. Have tried29. One more week, _________ we will accomplish the task.A. orB. so thatC. andD. if30. —Alice, you feed the bird today, ______?—But I fed it yesterday.A. do youB. will youC. didn't youD. don't you31. Would you like a cup of coffee _____ shall we get down to business right away?A. andB. thenC. orD. otherwise32. She thought I was talking about her daughter, ____, in fact I was talking about my daughter. A. whom B. where C. which D. while33. There is no light in the dormitory. They must have gone to the lecture, _____?A. didn't theyB. don't theyC. mustn't theyD. haven't they34. —I don't like chicken _____ fish.—I don't like chicken,____ I like fishA. and; andB. and; butC. or; andD. or; but35. Be sure to write to us,______?A. will youB. aren't youC. can youD. mustn't you36. ______from Beijing to London!A. How long way it isB. What a long way is itC. How long way is itD. What a long way it is37. Don’t smoke in the meeting-room, ________?A. do youB. will youC. can youD. could you38. Bill’s aim is to inform the viewers that cigarette advertising TV is illegal, ______?A. isn’t itB. is itC. isn’t heD. is he39. There are eight tips in Dr Roger’s lecture on sleep, and one of them is: ______ tobed early unless you think it is necessary.A. doesn’t goB. not to goC. not goingD. don’t go40. ________ straight on and you’ll see a church. You won’t miss it.A. GoB. GoingC. If you goD. When going并列句和复合句句子种类1、按句子的用途可分四种:1)陈说句(肯定、否定):He is six years old. / She didn’t hear of you before. 2)疑问句(一般、特殊、选择、反意):-- Do they like skating? / Where did you go yesterday?-- Is he six or seven years old? /Mary can swim, can’t she? / Let’s go, shall we? 3)祈使句:Be careful, boys. / Don’t talk in class4)感叹句: What an exciting film it was!/ How clever the boy is!2、按句子的结构可分三种:1)简单句:只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语).如:-- He often reads English in the morning.-- Tom and Mike are American boys.-- She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.2) 并列句:由并列连词(and, but, or等)或分号(;)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成.如:-- You help him and he helps you.-- The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的,路途是曲折的.3)复合句:含有一个或一个以上从句的句子.复合句包括:名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)、定语从句和状语从句等.并列句的分类1、暗示连接两个同等概念,经常使用and, not only… but also…, neither…nor…, then等连接.如:The teacher’s name is Smith, and the student’s name is John.2、暗示选择,经常使用的连词有or, either… or…, otherwise等.如:Hurry up, or you’ll miss the train.3、暗示转折,经常使用的连词有but, still, however, yet, while, when等.如:He was a little man with thick glasses, but he had a strange way of making his classes lively and interesting.4、暗示因果关系,经常使用的连词有so, for, therefore等.如:August is the time of the year for rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark.复合句复合句也称主从句,即主句和从句,从句须有引导词或叫连词引出,否则复合句不成立.由于连词既起连接主句和从句的作用,标明主从句之间的关系,还在从句中充任一定的成份,有一定的意义,故复合句中的连词常成为考查的焦点.从句有三种:1.名词性从句(包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)1)When the train will arrive is unknown.2)Everybody knows that money doesn't grow on trees.3)This is what we should do.4)She told us her hope that she would become a pianist.2.定语从句(形容词性从句)He is the man who I saw in the park yesterday.3.状语从句(副词性从句)He is absent today, because he is ill.Exercise:判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句:()1. We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.()2. The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.()3. There is a chair in this room, isn’t there?()4. My brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.()5. He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.()6. He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.()7. Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so.()8. W hat he said at the meeting is very important, isn’t it?()9. The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree.()10. Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.高考考点探讨1、简单句的五年夜句型是最基本的句型.虽然近几年纯真考查这种基础句型的题未几,可是在阅读中有时需借助于划分句子成份去理解,在书面表达中,没有最基本的遣词造句的能力是不成能用隧道的英语句子来表达清楚的.2.祈使句、反意疑问句和感叹句是高考命题的热点之一.有时把祈使句与反意疑问句结合于一体来考查.一个题目,几个考点,是近几年命题的发展趋势.3、高考对简单句、并列句和各种复合句的考查常暗示在对连词的选择和使用上.如:and, but, or, while,以及其它连接名词性从句、定语从句和状语从句的连接词、关联词.4、各种主从复合句的考查经常与动词的时态联系在一起,以宾语从句与状语从句最为明显,时间,让步与条件从句中,如果主句是将来时,从句则用一般现在式表将来,这一点在高考中经常考查.We will go outing if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.巩固练习:一、选择填空:1. Give me one more minute ____ I’ll be able to finish it.A. andB. orC. ifD. so2. It’s the third time that John has been late, __________?A. hasn’t heB. isn’t heC. isn’t itD. hasn’t it3. Let us pass, ___________?A. shan’t weB. shall weC. won’t weD. will you4. I suppose he’s serious, __________?A. do IB. don’t IC. is heD. isn’t he5. I’m sorry to have to say this, ____ you forgot to turn off the lights when you left the room last night.A. andB. butC. soD. because6. John has not yet passed the driving test, and ____.A. Henry hasn’t tooB. Henry also has not eitherC. neither Henry hasD. neither has Henry7. There are many sports lovers in his office. Some love climbing, ____ others enjoy swimming.A. orB. forC. whileD. so8. --- Do you feel like going out ____ would you rather have dinner at home?--- I’d like to go out.A. orB. andC. butD. so9. ---- Your uncle isn’t an engineer, is he? ---- ____.A. Yes, he isn’tB. No, he isn’tC. No, he isD. He is10. ____ friendly ____ to everyone!A. How, is sheB. What, is sheC. How, she isD. What, she is11. Mary went to bed early, ____ she felt very tired.A. orB. soC. forD. yet12. As he is strong, ____ can lift one hundred poundsA. yet heB. but heC. heD. and13. ____ down the radio ---- the baby’s asleep in the next room.A. TurningB. TurnC. TurnedD. To turn14. ---- I don’t like chicken ____ fi sh.---- I don’t like chicken ____ I like fish very much.A. or, butB. and, butC. or, andD. and, and15. -- Would you like to come to dinner tonight? -- I’d like to, ____ I’m too busy.A. andB. soC. asD. but二、用适当的连接词填空:1. He closed the window, turned off the light ________ left the room.2. She is American ________ she speaks Chinese very fluently.3. It is foggy today, ________ we can’t see distant hills.4. He likes sports, ________ I’d rather collect stamps.5. ________ he couldn’t unders tand was ________ fewer and fewer showed their interest in his lesson.6. I wished we could go sightseeing in Hangzhou this summer and ________wecould buy some books on our way back in Shanghai.7. She expressed the hope ________ she would write a novel someday.8. The girl ________ English is very good won the first place in the 100-metre race,________ made all of us very happy.9. Please tell us the time ________ we shall have the Chinese exam.10. ________ a young man, he was a storekeeper ________ later a postmaster.三、将下列句子译成英语:1. 他下决心不再浪费时间和精力在网络游戏上了.(decided not to do)2. 我们时间很紧,辅佐找辆出租车好吗?(find)3. 有人做演讲时时,我们得坚持宁静,对分歧毛病?(反义疑问句)4. 我们把英语看作日常工作中的一种有用的工具.(consider)5. 他们取消了上个星期天去扬州的游览,因为整整下了一天雨.(because)6. 金钱就是一切,这个观点我不喜欢.(同位语从句)7. 在黑暗的年夜街上,没有一个她可以寻求帮手的人.(定语从句)8. 他在这家工厂工作了十年之后就出国了.(after )9. 对那些热爱户外活动的人来说,加拿年夜是最适合居住的处所.(定语从句)10. 尽管只有少数人获得胜利,很多人还是假寓在那.(although/while)简单句参考谜底:1. Exx:1. S+ Vi.2. S + linkV + P3. S + Vt. + O4. S + Vt. + O + O.C.5. S + Vt. + I.O + D.O6. S + Vt. + O + O.C.7. S + Vt. + O8. S + Vi. 9. S + linkV + P 10. S + Vt. + O + O.C.2. 综合能力训练1-5 BBBBB6-10 BADBB 11-15 DDDDC16-20 CBCAC21-24 ADCA25-29 CBDBC30-34 BCDDD35-40 ADBADA并列句、复合句参考谜底◆Exercise2:1、简单句;2、复合句;3、简单句;4、简单句;5、并列句;6、复合句;7、并列句;8、复合句;9、简单句; 10、简单句◆巩固练习:一、1~5 ACDDB 6~10 DCABC 11~15CCBAD二、1. and 2. but 3. so 4. while 5. What; why6. that7. that8. whose, which9. when 10. As, and三、1. He has decided not to waste time and energy in computer games.2. We have little time left. Would you please find us a taxi to take.3. we have to keep quietwhen some gives a lecture,,don’t we?4. We consider English (as/to be) a useful tool for everyday work.5. They cancelled their trip to Yangzhou last Sunday becausse it rained the whole day.6. I don’t like the idea that money is everything.7. In the dark street, there wasn’t a single person to whom she could turn for help.8. After he had worked in the factory for ten years, he went abroad.9. For those who love outdoor activities,Canada is a best country in the world to live in.10. Although only a hand of people were successful, many stayed and established settlement in the area.。
自考《英语一》语法:句法篇(2)
自考《英语一》语法:句法篇(2)2017自考《英语一》语法大全:句法篇四、同位语从句1. 定义:用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。
2. 用法:同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等,关联词多用从属连词that。
如:They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事,他们都很焦虑。
Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来?Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。
注:同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。
如:I have no idea w hether he’ll come or not. 我不知道他是否来。
连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where, when, why, how 亦可引导同位语从句。
The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作,这个问题需要考虑。
We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假,这个问题我们还没有决定。
It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。
解释:1.that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别that引导的同位语从句句法功能上that只起连接从句的作用,无意义。
在从句中不充当句子成分。
语法与句法综合练习题
语法与句法综合练习题在我们学习语言的过程中,语法和句法是两个至关重要的部分。
为了帮助大家更好地理解和掌握这两个方面,我们准备了一系列综合练习题。
首先,让我们来谈谈语法。
语法就像是语言的规则手册,规定了词汇如何组合、变形以及在句子中发挥作用。
比如说,名词有单复数形式,动词有时态的变化,形容词和副词有比较级和最高级等等。
看下面这个例子:“The cats are playing in the garden” 这里,“cats”是名词“cat”的复数形式,表示不止一只猫;“are playing”是动词“play”的现在进行时态,用来描述正在进行的动作。
再比如:“He is taller than his brother” 这里用到了形容词“tall”的比较级“taller”,用于两者之间的比较。
接下来,我们说说句法。
句法关注的是句子的结构和成分,比如主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语等。
例如:“The beautiful girl sings a song” 在这个句子中,“The beautiful girl”是主语,其中“girl”是核心名词,“The”是定冠词,“beautiful”是形容词作定语,用来修饰“girl”;“sings”是谓语动词;“a song”是宾语。
下面是一些练习题,大家一起来试试吧!一、语法部分1、用所给单词的正确形式填空。
(1) There ____ (be) some books on the table (2) She ____ (go) to school every day(3) They ____ (have) a party last night2、选择正确的选项。
(1) This is ____ book It's very interestingA aB anC the(2) He likes ____ footballA playB playsC playing二、句法部分1、指出下列句子的主语、谓语和宾语。
语法分类练习一:句法篇(二)
语法分类练习一:句法篇(二)句法篇之二:主从复合句(一)名词性从句1. It didn’t surprise us at all ________ he was post to Hong Kong.A) why B) how C) what D) that2. It is pretty well understood ________ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.A) that B) that what C) what D) how3. ________ his failure lies is expected ________ clear to us.A) What… to make B) How… madeC) Where… to be made D) Why… making4. ________ we’ll go camping to morrow depends on the weather.A) If B) Whether C) That D) Where5. ________ we’ll go camping tomorrow has kept us all excited the whole day.A) If B) Whether C) That D) Where6. He will tell us ________ he thinks of our arrangement.A) that B) what C) how D) if7. Sarah hopes to become a friend of ________ shares her interests.A) whoever B) whomever C) no matter who D) no matter whom E) anyone8. D r. Smith comes from either Yale or Harvard I can’t remember ________.A) where B) there C) which D) that9. You can depend on ________ promise he makes.A) anything that B) which C) whatever D) whose10. – We never know ________ he is.–They say he is a salesman.A) who B) what C) how D) which E) whoever11. The main fact(or)s in human life are five: birth, food, sleep, love and death. (One could increase the number— add breathing for instance— but these five are the most obvious.) Let us ask ourselves ________ our lives.A) they play in what part B) they play what part inC) what part they play in D) in what part they play12. I really don’t see ________.A) what is the fun of playing dead B) what the fun of playing dead isC) what fun to play dead is D) what is the fun to play dead13. A look at recent trends in world fisheries reveals ________ the ocean on a global scale.A) how we have swiftly affected B) that how swiftly we have affectedC) how swiftly we have affected D) however swiftly we have affected14. A little learning is not dangerous so long as you know ________.A) that B) that there is a little C) it is a little D) that it is little15. The reason ________ he referred to for his success is ________ he always working hard.A) why, that B) why, because C) that, that D) that, because16. While teaching students, teachers should take into consideration _________ students develop at different rates.A) the fact that B) since C) as long as D) despite of17. Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, ________ I will always treasure.A) that B) one C) on which D) what18. The Foreign Minister said, ―________ is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.‖A) This B) There C) That D) It19. The thought worried him much ________ he might fail in the exam.A) that B) which C) when D) so that20. Now that energy prices are rising so rapidly, further prices are very uncertain, and the risk ________ a new investment depending on them may fail is greater.A) by which B) of C) that D) in that21. There are signs ________ restaurants are becoming more popular with families.A) that B) which C) in which D) of which22. There’s a feeling in me ________ we’ll never know whata UFO is – not ever/never.A) that B) which C) of which D) what23. The theory is of great important ________ the hotter a body is, the more it radiates.A) that B) when C) which D) what24. Evidence came up ________ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 5 months old.A) that B) whose C) which D) what25. Information has been put forward ________ more middle school graduates will be admitted to universities.A) while B) that C) when D) as26. A story goes ________ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.A) when B) where C) what D) that27. The possibility never occurred to me ________ I would unexpectedly enter such a big band and work in Wall Street.A) when B) that C) / D) how28.Word got around ________ he had resigned his position as secretary of the committee.A) when B) after C) that D) which29. _______ is no possibility ___________ Bob can win the first prize in the match.A) There … that B) It … that C) There …whether D)It … whether30. Her unusual success shows that if someone can do their job really well, then the question ________ male or female is not so important.A) if they are B) of whether they are C) whether they being D) of whether to be(二)状语从句31. Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park ________ she was bitten on the leg by a lion.A) when B) while C) since D) because32. Linda was walking in the street ________ she noticed a thief stealing from a old lady.A) while B) when C) as D) which33. The time is not far away ________ modern communications will become widespread inChina’s vast countryside.A) as B) when C) while D) before34. Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially ______ Father was away in France.A) as B) that C) during D) if35. He was just about to give up and return to his bedroom for a good rest ________ he had a bright idea.A) but B) while C) until D) when36. It was great joy ________ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.A) because B) which C) since D) that37. The film brought the hours to me ________ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.A) until B) that C) when D) where38. They were surprised that a child should work out the problem _____ they themselves couldn't.A) once B) then C) while D) if39. He told me to leave out the articles in this sentence ________ it is possible.A) where B) in which C) that D) what40. You should make it a rule to leave things ________ you can find them again.A) so that B) when C) where D) and then E) there41. There are dirty marks/spots on her trousers ________ she had wiped her hands.A) where B) in which C) when D) that42. ________ they will not come to join us, we have to change our plan.A) Seeing that B) Supposing that C) For D) WhenE) Granting that F) Providing that G) Considered that H) While43.He got up very early that day ________ he caught the first train.A) in order that B) so that C) in order to D) so as to44. The thought worried him much ________ he might fail in the exam.A) that B) which C) when D) so that45. While teaching students, teachers should take into consideration _________ students develop at different rates.A) the fact that B) since C) as long as D) despite of46. I won’t make up with him ________ he apologizes.A) unless B) lest C) provided D) whereas47. ________ the case is settled out of court, it can often take years before it comes to trial.A) Except that B) Unless C) Until D) But for E) Despite the fact that48. Put on your rain()coat ________ it rains.A) because B) as C) lest D) in case E) in condition49.________ gas leaks and similar accidents should occur, some responsible persons should regularly inspect all the laboratories.A) Unless B) In case C) Provided D) Until50. ________ in one leg, he never had a chance to get a job.A) Weak and lame B) He was weak and lameC) Though weak and lame D) Weak and lame as he was51. The production of television commercials must be professional ________ they aim at promoting good service, or public education.A) when B) no matter C) if D) whether52. The prices have been going up, so that the richer you get, the less rich you are than ________ you think you ought to be.A) that B) / C) what D) which答案:1—5 DCCBC 6—10 BACCB 11—15 CCCDC 16—20 ABDAC 21—25 AAAAB 26—30 DCCAB 31—35 ABBAD 36—40 DCCAC 41—45 AABAA 46—50 ABCBA 51—52 DB。
人教版中考英语语法之句法
人教版中考语法复习之句法一、主要句式(一) 知识概要陈述句中有肯定句与否定句之分。
其中可以分为以下五种:①主语+不及物动词。
如:I arrived at six last night.②主语+及物动词+宾语,如:I bought a good English Chinese Dictionary yesterday.③主语+及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语,如:Please tell me a story before I go to bed. 这样可加双宾语的句子有buy,tell, give, ask, pass, teach.④主语+及物动词+宾语+宾语补足语,如:I found it impossible to do it. Please keep the classroom clean and tidy.⑤主语+系动词+表语,如:Tom is an American boy. The grass turned green in spring.在初中常见的句型中有There be…句型,表示存在某种事物,如:There is a map on the wall be动词的形式要与其后面相近的那个名词相一致。
要注意的是这种句型加入助动词后,也要保持be动词,不要换用have,如:There is going to be a meeting tomorrow.构中要注意主谓一致的问题,即句子的主语与谓语动词要相呼应。
要注意的有如下几点:①用and连接两个主语时一般应视为复数,但如一人身兼两职时则要用单数谓语动词形式,如:A singer and dancer is coming to our party. a singer and dancer 既歌唱又可舞的演员。
而a singer and a dancer 则要译为:一位歌唱家和一位舞蹈家。
②有些以s 结尾的名词谓语动词要用单数,如:The news is good (news 为不可数名词)。
- 1、下载文档前请自行甄别文档内容的完整性,平台不提供额外的编辑、内容补充、找答案等附加服务。
- 2、"仅部分预览"的文档,不可在线预览部分如存在完整性等问题,可反馈申请退款(可完整预览的文档不适用该条件!)。
- 3、如文档侵犯您的权益,请联系客服反馈,我们会尽快为您处理(人工客服工作时间:9:00-18:30)。
句法篇之二:主从复合句(一)名词性从句1. It didn’t surprise us at all ________ he was post to Hong Kong.A) why B) how C) what D) that2. It is pretty well understood ________ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.A) that B) that what C) what D) how3. ________ his failure lies is expected ________ clear to us.A) What… to make B) How… madeC) Where… to be made D) Why… making4. ________ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.A) If B) Whether C) That D) Where5. ________ we’ll go camping tomorrow has kept us all excited the whole day.A) If B) Whether C) That D) Where6. He will tell us ________ he thinks of our arrangement.A) that B) what C) how D) if7. Sarah hopes to become a friend of ________ shares her interests.A) whoever B) whomever C) no matter who D) no matter whom E) anyone8. D r. Smith comes from either Yale or Harvard I can’t remember ________.A) where B) there C) which D) that9. You can depend on ________ promise he makes.A) anything that B) which C) whatever D) whose10. – We never know ________ he is.–They say he is a salesman.A) who B) what C) how D) which E) whoever11. The main fact(or)s in human life are five: birth, food, sleep, love and death. (One could increase the number— add breathing for instance— but these five are the most obvious.) Let us ask ourselves ________ our lives.A) they play in what part B) they play what part inC) what part they play in D) in what part they play12. I really don’t see ________.A) what is the fun of playing dead B) what the fun of playing dead isC) what fun to play dead is D) what is the fun to play dead13. A look at recent trends in world fisheries reveals ________ the ocean on a global scale.A) how we have swiftly affected B) that how swiftly we have affectedC) how swiftly we have affected D) however swiftly we have affected14. A little learning is not dangerous so long as you know ________.A) that B) that there is a little C) it is a little D) that it is little15. The reason ________ he referred to for his success is ________ he always working hard.A) why, that B) why, because C) that, that D) that, because16. While teaching students, teachers should take into consideration _________ students develop at different rates.A) the fact that B) since C) as long as D) despite of17. Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment, ________ I will always treasure.A) that B) one C) on which D) what18. The Foreign Minister said, ―________ is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.‖A) This B) There C) That D) It19. The thought worried him much ________ he might fail in the exam.A) that B) which C) when D) so that20. Now that energy prices are rising so rapidly, further prices are very uncertain, and the risk ________ a new investment depending on them may fail is greater.A) by which B) of C) that D) in that21. There are signs ________ restaurants are becoming more popular with families.A) that B) which C) in which D) of which22. There’s a feeling in me ________ we’ll never know what a UFO is – not ever/never.A) that B) which C) of which D) what23. The theory is of great important ________ the hotter a body is, the more it radiates.A) that B) when C) which D) what24. Evidence came up ________ specific speech sounds are recognized by babies as young as 5 months old.A) that B) whose C) which D) what25. Information has been put forward ________ more middle school graduates will be admitted to universities.A) while B) that C) when D) as26. A story goes ________ Elizabeth I of England liked nothing more than being surrounded by clever and qualified noblemen at court.A) when B) where C) what D) that27. The possibility never occurred to me ________ I would unexpectedly enter such a big band and work in Wall Street.A) when B) that C) / D) how28.Word got around ________ he had resigned his position as secretary of the committee.A) when B) after C) that D) which29. _______ is no possibility ___________ Bob can win the first prize in the match.A) There … that B) It … that C) There …whether D)It … whether30. Her unusual success shows that if someone can do their job really well, then the question ________ male or female is not so important.A) if they are B) of whether they are C) whether they being D) of whether to be(二)状语从句31. Jasmine was holidaying with her family in a wildlife park ________ she was bitten on the leg by a lion.A) when B) while C) since D) because32. Linda was walking in the street ________ she noticed a thief stealing from a old lady.A) while B) when C) as D) which33. The time is not far away ________ modern communications will become widespread inChina’s vast countryside.A) as B) when C) while D) before34. Mother was worried because little Alice was ill, especially ______ Father was away in France.A) as B) that C) during D) if35. He was just about to give up and return to his bedroom for a good rest ________ he had a bright idea.A) but B) while C) until D) when36. It was great joy ________ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.A) because B) which C) since D) that37. The film brought the hours to me ________ I was taken good care of in that far-away village.A) until B) that C) when D) where38. They were surprised that a child should work out the problem _____ they themselves couldn't.A) once B) then C) while D) if39. He told me to leave out the articles in this sentence ________ it is possible.A) where B) in which C) that D) what40. You should make it a rule to leave things ________ you can find them again.A) so that B) when C) where D) and then E) there41. There are dirty marks/spots on her trousers ________ she had wiped her hands.A) where B) in which C) when D) that42. ________ they will not come to join us, we have to change our plan.A) Seeing that B) Supposing that C) For D) WhenE) Granting that F) Providing that G) Considered that H) While43.He got up very early that day ________ he caught the first train.A) in order that B) so that C) in order to D) so as to44. The thought worried him much ________ he might fail in the exam.A) that B) which C) when D) so that45. While teaching students, teachers should take into consideration _________ students develop at different rates.A) the fact that B) since C) as long as D) despite of46. I won’t make up with him ________ he apologizes.A) unless B) lest C) provided D) whereas47. ________ the case is settled out of court, it can often take years before it comes to trial.A) Except that B) Unless C) Until D) But for E) Despite the fact that48. Put on your rain()coat ________ it rains.A) because B) as C) lest D) in case E) in condition49.________ gas leaks and similar accidents should occur, some responsible persons should regularly inspect all the laboratories.A) Unless B) In case C) Provided D) Until50. ________ in one leg, he never had a chance to get a job.A) Weak and lame B) He was weak and lameC) Though weak and lame D) Weak and lame as he was51. The production of television commercials must be professional ________ they aim at promoting good service, or public education.A) when B) no matter C) if D) whether52. The prices have been going up, so that the richer you get, the less rich you are than ________ you think you ought to be.A) that B) / C) what D) which答案:1—5 DCCBC 6—10 BACCB 11—15 CCCDC 16—20 ABDAC 21—25 AAAAB 26—30 DCCAB 31—35 ABBAD 36—40 DCCAC 41—45 AABAA 46—50 ABCBA 51—52 DB。