2019外研版高中英语必修一Unit4 单元语法

Unit4 单元语法定语从句形式担任定语功能的句子叫定语从句。

定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词。

被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词;连接先行词与从句的词叫关系词。

感知①The Tangshan earthquake was a terrible experience that my grandma cannot forget.②He is the man who lives next door.③The supplies which were provided for the disaster area were collected from around the country.④Mr. Li is an architect whose designs for the new town of Wenchuan have won praise.⑤Jeffrey is not such d intelligent person as you think.①—⑤为关系代词引导的定语从句。

用法一、关系代词引导的定语从句1. who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。

The girl who answered the phone was polite enough.接电话的那个女孩很有礼貌。

（作主语）The professor (who) you wish to see has gone abroad.你希望见的那位教授出国了。

（作宾语）2. whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语,有时可省略。

He is the man (whom) you have been looking for.他就是你一直在找的那个人。

3. whose既可以指人，也可以指物，在从句中作定语。

This is the woman scientist whose name is known all over the country.这就是那位闻名全国的女科学家。

（指人）He lives in a room whose window faces north.他住在一个窗子朝北的房间里。

（指物）4. that指人时，相当于who或whom;指物时，相当于which 在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语，作宾语时可省略。

The number of people that/who come to visit this city each year reaches one million.每年来参观这座城市的人数达一百万。

（作主语）The film that/which I saw is about a young teacher.我看的那部电影是关于一位年轻教师的。

（作宾语）5. which,指事或物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。

He likes to read books which are written by foreign writers.他喜欢看外国作家写的书。

（作主语）The car which I hired broke down.我租的那辆车坏了。

（作宾语）二、关系代词that与which的用法区别1. 宜用that不宜用which的情况：①当先行词是all、much、little、something、everything、anything、nothing、none等不定代词时。

You should hand in all that you have.你应该上交你拥有的一切。

②当先行词被all、every、no、some、any、little、much、the only、the very、the last 等修饰时。

The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.我们唯一能做的就是给你一些钱。

③当先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。

This is the most interesting film that I’ve ever seen.这是我看过的最有趣的电影。

④当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时。

What is the first American film that you have seen?你看过的第一部美国电影是什么？⑤当先行词既有人又有物时。

Do you know the persons and things that they are talking about?你知道他们正在谈论的人和事吗？2. 宜用which不宜用that的情况：①在非限制性定语从句中。

Football, which is a very interesting game, is played in many countries.足球是一项很有趣的运动，很多国家都踢。

②关系代词前有介词时。

This is the place in which Lu Xun used to live.这是鲁迅曾住过的地方。

③先行词本身就是that时。

I don’t like that which he did.我不喜欢他做的那件事。

即时训练单句填空1. The old town has narrow streets and small houses are built close to each other.2. Simon has 10 years’ experience of teaching comedy is a comedian.3. You’ll find taxis you can take to reach your host family waiting at the bus station.4. All the people came here had equal chances to develop their speaking skills.5. A company profits from home market are declining may seekopportunities abroad.6. These articles are the very ones should be read.7. The house in I used to live has become a shoe shop.完成句子8. 昨天我在街上遇见的那个人是我的经理。

The man is my manager.9. 你记得三个月前我们参观的那家养鸡场吗？Do you remember the chicken farm ?10. 桂林是世界各地的人们想去游览的最美的地方。

Guilin is the most beautiful place .11. 那个女孩学习非常刻苦,她的妈妈是一位教师。

The girl studies very hard.12. 我要谈论一下我所访问过的国家和人民。

I am going to talk about the countries and people .13. 这个擅长英语的小男孩买了一本新词典。

The boy bought a new dictionary.14. 我想要一个窗户朝向大海的房间。

I’d like a ro om faces the sea.15. 在地震中，死亡与受伤的人数达到100,000。

The number of people reached 100 , 000 in the earthquake.16. 许多在地震中失去父母的孩子被送到其他城市的家庭里生活。

A number of children were sent to live with families in other cities.语法填空Dear Lily,I will tell you something 17 happened last night.I felt lonely at home，and the only thing 18 I could do was watch a movie. 19 is the most moving film 20 I had ever seen.The things and people 21 I saw in the film were unforgettable. Do you know thename of the film about 22 I talked？It’s Captain Marvel.Now I prefer to watch movies at home.Will you join me？Yours,Li hua 17.__________ 18. __________ 19. __________20. __________ 21. __________ 22. __________答案：1. that/which考查定语从句。

所填词引导定语从句且在从句中作主语，先行词为small houses，故填that/which2. who/that考查定语从句。

句意：西蒙是一个喜剧演员，有10年教授喜剧的经验。

所填词在从句中作主语，先行词为Simon，故填who/that3. which/that考查定语从句。

句意：你将发现有出租车在汽车站等候，你可以乘出租车到达寄宿家庭。

所填词引导定语从句，在从句中作宾语，先行词为taxis，故填which/that4. who/that考查定语从句。

关系词指人，在从句中作主语，故填who/that5. whose考查定语从句。

所填词引导定语从句，并在从句中作定语，故填whose6. that考查定语从句。

所填词引导定语从句且先行词由the very修饰，只能填that7. which考查定语从句。

所填词引导定语从句且位于介词后故填which8. who/whom/that I met yesterday in the street9. that/which we visited three months ago10. that people all over the world want to visit11. whose mother is a teacher12. that I have visited13. who is good at English14. whose window15. who died or were injured16. whose parents died in the earthquake17. that考查定语从句。

先行词为something，故填that18. that考查定语从句。