剑桥少儿英语二级重点汇总

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七、天气
• What's the weather like today?
It's sunny / rainy / cloudy / windy / snowy. There is a rainbow.
八、疾病
• What's the matter with you?
• I've got a headache / toothache / stomachache / cold / cough. • I've got an earache. • I'm running a temperature.
二、名词
• 名词分可数名词和不可数名词2种。 • 1. 可数名词 是一个物体的名称。有单、复数的变化。 单数的名词前可用冠词:a\an. 复数的名词词尾要发生变化加 s 或 es.
名词变复数规则
• 1. 直接+s。 eg. apples, bananas, desks, trees • 2.以s,x,ch,sh和部分o结尾的,加es。 eg. buses, boxes, peaches, dishes • 3.以辅音字母+y结尾的,把y变为i加es eg. baby---babies, party---parties • 4.以f或fe结尾的,把f或fe变为v加es eg. knife---knives, shelf---shelves 5. 不规则变化
• 2. 不可数名词 不可数名词则没有复数形式,但可用一 些容器表示不可数名词的量。 例:一杯茶 a cup of tea 一杯奶 a glass of milk 一瓶水/果汁 a bottle of water / juice 一碗汤 a bowl of soup
三、数词
基数词:表示数目 How many...?
动词的过去式和过去分词
• 就过去式和过去分词而言,动词分为规则动词和不规 则动词;不规则动词的变化无规律可循,规则动词有 以下变化规则: • 1. 直接加ed eg. looked, played, visited • 2.以e结尾的加d eg. tasted • 3.辅元辅,重读闭音节结构结尾的词,双写词尾加ed eg. hopped, stopped • 4.以辅音字母加y 结尾的,把y变为i加ed eg. study---studied
五、形容词
• 用来描述人或物
作定语:名词前
形容词
作表语:系动词后
例:It is a lovely cat. The cat is lovely.
还能记起以前学过的形容词吗?
形容词的比较级、最高级
• 两者比较用比较级(-er); • 三者或三者以上比较用最高级(-est),前面要加the • • • • • • 比较级/最高级的变化规则: 1. 直接+er/est; 2.以e结尾的,+r/st; 3.以辅音字母+y结尾的,把y变i,+er/est; 4.辅元辅重读闭音节结构结尾的词,双写词尾+er/est 5.多音节词前加more/most
动词现在分词的变化规则
• 1.直接加ing eg. eating, playing, waching, doing • 2.以不发音的e结尾的,去e加ing eg. have---having, ride---riding, write---writing • 3.辅元辅重读闭音节结构结尾的,双写词尾加 ing eg. running, swimming, hopping • 4.以ie结尾的,把ie变为y加ing eg. lie---lying, die---dying
十二、时态
现在进行时态公式: 主语+be动词+动词+ing(现在分词)+其它 一般现在时态公式: 主语+动词原形\动词三单+其它 过去时态的公式: 主语+动词过去式+其它 现在完成时态的公式: 主语+have\has+过去分词+其它
一般过去时VS.现在完成时 现在完成时态与一般过去时态的区别: 过去时态强调是时间的概念; 而现在完成时态则强调过去的与现在的联系。 eg. I cleaned my room yesterday. 我昨天打扫了房间。 eg. I have cleaned my room. 我刚刚打扫过房间。
九、动词词组
What can you do in the city? What can you do in the country? • visit a zoo • play sports games • go to the park • see the film • visit friends • meet lots of people • go to the market
十一、句型问答
1. What do you like to do ? What do you like doing ? What doe she like to do ? What does he like doing? 2. Who is she? Who is he? Who is the boy? Who is the girl? Who is the man? 3. Is your friend a boy or a girl? Is your friend tall or shot? Is your friend Chinese or English?
a [æ ]
e[e]
i[ɪ] o[ɒ] u[ʌ]
开音节
• 开音节,指元音字母不会被辅音字母截住能够自由发音。 开音节的结构: 绝对开音节 单个元音字母 辅 元 辅组 元
相对开音节
元 辅 e 辅 元 辅 e 辅组 元 辅 e
• 闭音节中,元音字母的发音:
a [eɪ]
e[i:]
i[aɪ] o[əu] u[ju:]
浊辅音:[ð] [b] [d] [g] [v] [z] [ʒ] [dʒ] [dr]
[dz] [r] [w] [ j ] [ l ] [m] [n] [ɳ]
半元音 [ju:]
闭音节
• 闭音节,指元音字母被辅音字母或辅音字母组合截住(关闭起 来)而不能自由发音。 闭音节的结构: 元 辅 元 辅组 辅 元 辅 辅 元 辅组 辅组 元 辅 辅组 元 辅组 • 闭音节中,元音字母的发音:
剑桥二级重点汇总
一、音标
单元音:[i:] [a:] [ɔ:] [u:] [ɜ:] [e]
元音
[ɪ] [ʌ] [ɒ] [ʊ] [ə] [æ]
双元音:[eɪ] [aɪ] [əu] [ɔɪ] [au] [ɪə] [ʊə] [e
音标
清辅音:[θ] [p] [t] [k] [f] [s]
辅音
[dz]
[ʃ] [tʃ] [tr] [ts] [h]
数词
序数词:表示顺序,词前一定要加the
序数词怎样得来? 与基数词有怎样的关系? 特有的字母符号是什么?-th[θ]
基数词变序数词规则的Βιβλιοθήκη Baidu口诀
• • • • •
基变序有规律,结尾要加th。 一二三特殊记,结尾字母t,d,d。 8去t,9去e,ve要用f替。 整十若是变序数,ty变成tie。 若是遇到几十几,只变个位就可以。

• • • • • • • •
played in the park climbed the Great wall went to the zoo rode a horse shopped in the park saw a film bought some toys swam in the lake visited Tian’ anmen

我们 你们 他们
it
we you they
it
us you them
its
our your their
its
ours yours theirs
exercises
1. ______can play football. (I / me) 2.He often helps ________ . (I / me) 3.This is ________ book. (my / mine) 4.This book is _______. (your / yours) 5.My dress is red, ______ is blue. (her / hers) • 6. ______ is my best friend. (She / Hers) • • • • •
9. Which place would you like to go ? I’d like to go to Kangaroo Island. 10. How about going to Taishan? How about having a cup of tea? How about going swiming? 11. Where 's the book ? Where are the books ? 12. What are doing ? What is he doing? What are they doing?
4. Are you Bob \ Tom...? Is he Bob \ Tom...? 5. Is this book yours ? \ Is this your book? Yes, it is. No, it isn’t mine. 6. Where do you often draw picture\swim\watch TV\learn English? 7. Can I ask you a question? May I come in ? 8. When do you come to school ? When do you gome home?
.
• • • • •
go to the library have a picnic smell the flowers see farm animals go fishing breathe clean air
十、动词过去式词组
Where did you go on the holiday\yesterday\last year\this morning…….?
四、动词
• • • • • • 在不同的时态下,动词有5种形式: 原形 第三人称单数 过去式 过去分词 现在分词
变化后的发音如何?
动词第三人称单数的变化规则
• 1. 直接+s。 eg. takes, looks, plays • 2.以s,x,ch,sh和o结尾的,加es。 eg. goes, fixes, watches, washes • 3.以辅音字母+y结尾的,把y变为i加es eg. carry---carries, hurry---hurries
现在完成时的标志词有:already,ever,just ,yet
十三、不规则动词的分类
A--------B------B have----had----had sleep----slept----slept spell----spelt----spelt think---thought---thought stand-- -stood----stood buy---bought---bought catch---caught---caught find---found---found learn---learnt---learnt mean---meant---meant say---said---aid sit----sat----sat A-----A----A hit---hit---hit run---ran---run put---put---put
动词发生语法变化后的发音
三单变化时根据规 则所加的 s / es(及 其他) 在以清辅音发音结 尾的词后 在以浊辅音或元音 发音结尾的词后 [s] 过去式、过去分词 变化时所加的 ed (及其他) [t]
[z]
[d]
特例
在[s]、[z]、[tʃ]、 [dʒ]后,读[ɪz]
在[t]、[d]后,读[ɪd]
• 起指代作用的词 主格放在动词前,宾格放在动词后; 形物放在名词前,名物后不加名词 人称代词 物主代词
主格 我 你 他 她 I you he she 宾格 me you him her 形容词性物主代词 my your his her 名词性物主代词 mine yours his hers
六、代词
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