作文七天会 第二天

第二周作文训练

句子有“大梁”，“四兄弟”来扛

目标：掌握句子中的位于动词

一．“大梁”是什么？

我们把句子的核心部分称作句子的“大梁”, 正是这根大梁，一头挑起的是句子的主语，一头挑起的是宾语和表语等成分，而挑起这根大梁的就是以下“四兄弟”。

二．谁是“四兄弟”？

英语动词可分为四类：

（一）（分为和两类）：study like clean visit work rest （二）．：be look seem smell taste sound feel

（三）．：do does did have has is am are was were will shall

（四）. : can may must ought to.

三．“四兄弟”有分工吗？

在英语中可以在句子中单独做谓语，其他三种不能单独做谓语。

四．五种简单句结构中的“四兄弟”

英语的句子大致可以分为和在简单句中，基本结构有五种，分别是：

（1．）“主谓”结构

I work here and he rests over there(为不及物动词)

I shall work here and he will rest there.(shall 和will 都为助动词)

I have worked for three hours and he is resting now.(have和is 为助动词)

He didn’t rest yesterday.(did为助动词)

（2．）“主谓宾”结构

We study English every day.(study 为及物动词，English 是宾语。

（3．）“主+谓+直宾+间宾”结构

Can you give me some paper?(me 是间宾，paper 是“直宾”

（4．）“主+谓+宾+宾补”结构

We think it right to help the poor.(it 是宾语，right是宾补)

（5．）“主系表”结构

The teacher is friendly to all of us.(is 是系动词，is 之后为表语)

Mark is our English teacher.

备注：

（1）在1-4中谓语使用时行为动词（及物和不及物）；

在5中，谓语使用的是“系动词加表语”。

情态动词只有和其他动词一起使用才能做谓语，也就是说它不能单独做谓语在第1中使用的不及物动词（work, rest），其后不能接宾语；

同时我们知道了什么是助动词，它只有和其他动词形式一起才能做谓语。

在结构2-4中，谓语动词（study, give, think）是及物动词，可以接宾语。

在结构5中，系动词is 分别与形容词friendly 和our English teacher一起构成谓语，所以系动词之后的部分为表语。

五．与“四兄弟”打交道时易犯的“六大”错误

1. 错误使用系动词和行为动词。

例：张华经常打扫我们的教室。

Zhang Hua is often clean our classroom.

2.错误使用及物和不及物动词。

例：这支笔很好写。

This pen is very nice to write.

3.错误使用系动词

例：她今天看起来非常生气

She looks very angrily today.

她生气地看着我们大家

She looks angry at us all.

4.错误使用情态动词。

例：你应该提高你的口语水平，是吗？

You ought improve your spoken English, oughtn’t you?

5.错误使用助动词。

例：汤姆买了一双运动鞋，但没有买运动衣。

Tom has bought a pair of shoes, but he not bought sportswear.

6. 错误使用动词的时态和语态。

例：尽管他考试不及格，但他并没有灰心。

Though he doesn’t pass the exam, he doesn’t discourage.

段落练笔1

会议已经开始10多分钟了，但马经理还没有到场。大家都知道，马经理开会是从来不迟到的。莫非他遇到了交通堵塞？我真希望他很快赶来开会。

错误表达：

The meeting begins for over ten minutes, As you know, he never late for a meeting. May be he caught in a traffic jam. I did expect him to come to the meeting as soon as possible.

段落练笔2

李明的大多数同学已经成为领导或商人了，但他仍然是一个清洁工。他经常说，他所做的事对他人来说非常重要。他没有灰心丧气。相反，他总是精神饱满。我们应该向他学习，尽力做一个对社会有用的建设者。

Most of Li Ming’s classmates become leaders or businessmen, but he is remained a dustman. On the contrary, he always in high spirits. We should learn him and try becoming useful builders for our society.

Exercises.

一.纠正以下句子中谓语部分的错误。

1．In such bad weather nobody can be able to drive very fast.

2．This room used to store food for future use.

3．She’s never been abroad , isn’t she?

4．Mark teaches English in our school since he came to our city.

5．The big fire put out in time with our help.

6．Don’t nervous! Make yourself at home.

7．The Smiths were used to live with us when whey traveled in China.

8．How long have you got engaged to the girl?

9．The teacher taught English for 15 years before he came here.

10．The police is very busy now to keep order.

11．It’s three years since we learn English.

12．These animals must be taken good care.

单项选择

1. All but your neighbor to the city on business.

A. have gone

B. has gone

C. is going

2. Neither you nor your sister and I free today.

A. am

B. are

C. will

3. you adapt to the food and weather here?

A. Are

B. Do

C. Have 4. My father gets up at six every day, so my mother.

A. is

B. does

C.has.

5. My grandparents never went to college, nor my parents.

A. did

B. were

C. could

6.It looks as if it is going to rain, it?

A. isn’t

B. hasn’t

C.doesn’t

7. Tony often swimming when he was a child.

A. goes

B. went C . was go

8. It is the first time that we your company

A.visited

B. have visited

C. will visit

9. We newspapers when the teacher came in with a foreigner.

A. read

B. were reading

C. are reading

10. It’s sunny today. Why our for a walk?

A. not go

B. not going

C. don’t go

走进高考---词不离句

1.紧接着，那辆车在横过马路时把这个人撞到了。

The next moment, the car the man while it the street.

2.在我看来，学生应该有更多的时间来发展自己。

In my opinion, students have more time to develop themselves.

3.我认为这是展示你的音乐才华的好机会。

I this is a good chance for you to show your music talent.

4.在到营地去的路上，我们先爬山，然后游过河。

On the way to the campsite, we a hill first and then across a river.

5.我建议网吧应该严格监控，青少年应该有指导地上网。

I suggest that internet bars under strict supervision(监控)and young kids guided to

surf the Web.

6.我已经为你找好了一个地方。

I found a place for you.

7. 当听到北京申办2008年奥运会成功的消息时，我非常激动。

I excited when I what Beijing won the bid for the 2008 Olympic Games.

8. 我需要自己带食物吗？

I need to bring food with me?

走进高考----句不离篇

根据上下文完成文中的句子，尽可能一句多译。

（近年来拥有手机的人越来越多）。In1995，only one person in a hundred had a mobile phone in some cities, showed as the above diagram. (在1997年，10%的人有手机)。The number of the people who had mobile phones was ten times as many as in 1995. In 1999, there were