高考英语阅读主旨大意题的解题技巧教师版

高考英语阅读专题之主旨大意题

关于主旨大意题的高考考试说明

每篇文章都会有一个主旨要义。有时从文章第一个段落甚至第一个句子即可得出文章的主旨要义，从这一段或这个句子读者会知道文章描述的是谁或什么（即文章的主题），亦会了解到作者希望读者了解主题方面的哪些内容。有时，作者没有明示文章的主旨要义，需要读者从文章的字里行间进行归纳和概括。

一、主旨大意题的命题形式

这类试题包括要求考生选出短文的标题(title, headline)、短文或段落的主题(subject)、中心思想(main idea)、作者的写作目的(purpose或为传递信息、或为愉悦读者、或为阐述某一道理)等。这类题的设问方式主要有：

(1)The subject of the passage/paragraph is ______.

(2)The main idea of the passage/paragraph is ______.

(3)The text is mainly about ______.

(4)The passage mainly centers on ______.

(5)The passage mainly tells about ______.

(6)What is the subject discussed in the text

(7)What is the main idea of this passage

(8)What is the passage mainly about

(9)What does the second paragraph mainly discuss

(10)What is the main point the writer is trying to make in the last paragraph

(11)Which of the following is the best title for the passage

(12)Which title best gives the idea of the passage

(13)What would be the best title for the text

(14)What might be the most suitable title for the passage

(15)The best headlines for this newspaper article would be______

(16)The main purpose of announcing the above events is to give information about ______.

(17)The writer's purpose in writing this story is ______.

(18)What is the author's main purpose

(19)What does the writer really want to tell us in this passage

(20)The writer wrote the story in order to______.

(21)What is the advice given in the text / passage / article

二、寻找主题句的方法

正确的解答这类题目的关键是准确地找出文章的主题句。那么，主题句通常在哪里呢(1)主题句在文首；(2)主题句在文中；(3)主题句在文末；(4)主题句以首尾呼应的形式出现在文首和文末。（4）无明显主题句，需根据高频词或各段落主题句进行总结概括

1.主题句在文首

Today the problem of environment has become more and more serious. The world population is rising, so quickly that the world has become too crowded. We are using up our natural resources too quickly and at the same time we are polluting our environment with dangerous chemicals. The main idea of the paragraph is ________.

2.主题句在文中

Some people like reading, and some people like swimming. I have many hobbies, such as reading, skating, and traveling. In fact, different people have different hobbies. My friend Ann studies very hard. So her hobby is reading all kinds of books. Tony loves working with her hands, and his

hobby is gardening.

What does this paragraph mainly talk about

3.主题句在文末

When you are poor, you can also say you are very happy, because you have something else that can' t be bought with money. When you meet with difficulties, you can say loudly you are very happy, because you have more chances to challenge yourself. So you should always say you are happy.

What is the passage mainly about

4.主题句首尾呼应

Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your health. Experiments show that cigarette smoking can cause cancer. Besides the most serious and terrible disease(illness), cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause other health problems. For example, it can give one a “smoker’s cough”. Finally, studies have shown it is easy for cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether you get an unimportant cold or terrible killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it worth it

What is the main idea

A.Smoking can cause cancer.

B.Smoking is a terrible killer

C.Smoking is harmful to our health.

D.An experiment on smoking

5.无明显主题句

根据高频词概括

Everyonecanexperienceangersometimes.Butnoteveryonecancontrolitproperly. Tosome people,controllingangerseemslikethehardestthingintheworldtodo.

Controltheseby talkingtoyourselfinyourownmind, whenyouexperienceunwantedfeeling. Bytalkingitoverinyourown headyoucanworkouthowyouwillbestdealwiththesituation. Angercontrolcanalsobeachievedby communicating with others withhonesty. Youcaneffectivelytrainyourselftorespondtosituationswithoutgettingannoyedaboutthings. Itisimportanttoremember it is possible for everyone to get angryandtherefore, controllingitistherealchallenge.

What is the best title of the passage

A. Not everyone can control anger.

B. How to control anger.

C. Communicating with others is helpful.

D. Controlling anger is challenging

根据各段主题句概括

Mother’s Day was coming, a man stopped at a flower shop to order some flowers to be wired(电邮给) to his mother who lived two hundred miles away.

As he got out of his car, he noticed a young girl sobbing (啜泣) . He asked her what was wrong with her and she replied, “I wanted to buy a red rose for my mother. But I only have seventy-five cents, and a rose costs two dollars.”The man smiled and said, “Come on in with me. I’ll buy you a rose.”After they went in, he bought a rose for the little girl and ordered flowers for his own mother.

As they were leaving, he offered to ride the girl home. She said, “Yes, please! But can you take me to my mother”“To your mother”the man was a little puzzled but didn’t say anything.