高考阅读理解题

Questi ons 46 and 50 are based on the follow ing p assage. That people often experienee trouble sleeping in a different bed in

unfamiliar surroundings is a phenomenon( that is ) known as the

“fight ” effect. If a person stays in the same room the follow ing ni ght, they tend to slee p more soun dly. Yuka Sasaki and her colleagues at Brow n Uni versity set out to in vestigate the orig ins of this effect.

Dr. Sasaki knew the first-ni ght effect p robably has somethi ng to do with how huma ns evolved. The pu zzle was what ben efit would be gained from it whe n p erforma nee might be affected the followi ng day. She also knew from p revious work con ducted on birds and dolphins that these ani mals put half of their brains to slee p at a time so that they can rest while remai ning alarm eno ugh to avoid p redators 捕食者).This led her to wonder if people might be doing the same thing. To take a closer look, her team

studied 35 healthy people as they sle pt in the un familiar en viro nment of the university ' s Department of Psychological Sciences. The participants each sle pt in the dep artme nt for two ni ghts and were carefully mon itored with tech niq ues that looked at the activity of their brains. Dr. Sasaki found, as

exp ected, the p artic ipants sle pt less well on their first ni ght tha n they did on their sec ond, taki ng more tha n twice as long to fall aslee p and slee ping less overall. During dee p slee p, the p artic ipants manner see n in birds and dolphins. On the first ni ght only, the left hemis pheres 半球)of their brains did not slee p n early as dee ply as their right hemis pheres did.

Curious if the left hemis pheres were in deed remai ning awake to p

rocess in formati on detected in the surro unding en viro nment, Dr. Sasaki re-ra n the exp erime nt while p rese nti ng the slee ping p artic ipants with a mix of regularly timed beeps (蜂鸣声 ) of the same tone and irregular beeps of a different tone during the night. She worked out that, if the left hemisphere was staying alert to keep guard in a strange environment, then it would react to the irregular beeps by stirring people from sleep and would ignore the regularly timed ones. This is precisely what she found.

brains behaved in a similar

46. What did researchers find puzzling about the first-night effect?

A) To what extent it can trouble people. C) What circumstances may trigger it.

B) What role it has played in evolution. D) In what way it can be beneficial.

47. What do we learn about Dr. Yuka Sasaki doing her research?

A) She found birds and dolphins remain alert while asleep.

B) She found birds and dolphins sleep in much the same way.

C) She got some idea from previous studies on birds and dolphins

D) She conducted studies on birds ' and dolphins ' sleeping patterns.

48. What did Dr. Sasaki do when she first did her experiment?

A) She monitored the brain activity of participants sleeping in a new environment.

B) She employed 35 participants from her Department of Psychological Sciences.