现在完成时讲解及练习

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中考英语复习:现在完成时讲解与练习

中考英语复习:现在完成时讲解与练习

现在完成时讲解与练习一、构成现在完成时是由助动词h a v e(h a s)+动词的过去分词构成。

助动词说明该谓语是属于现在时范围,它和主语的人称、数要保持一致。

过去分词是主要的谓语动词,说明句子的意义。

二、用法(1)表示动作发生在过去某个不确定的时间,但对现在留下了某种影响和结果。

常被j u s t、a l r e a d y、y e t等副词修饰。

如:-H a v e y o u h a d l u n c h y e t?-Y e s,I h a v e.I'v e j u s t h a d i t.你(已经)吃午饭了吗?我刚刚吃过。

(现在我不饿了)(2)表示从过去某一时刻开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。

这个动作可能刚停止,可能仍然在进行。

常带有f o r和s i n c e等表示一段时间的状语。

如:H e h a s t a u g h t h e r e s i n c e1981他自1981年就在这儿教书。

(可能还要继续教)I h a v e n't s e e n h e r f o r f o u r y e a r s.我有四年没见到她了。

(3)表示说话前发生过一次或多次的动作,现在成为一种经验,(即表示过去的经历)一般译为汉语“过”,常带有t w i c e,e v e r,n e v e r,t h r e e t i m e s等时间状语。

如:I h a v e b e e n t o B e i j i n g t w i c e.我去过北京二次。

三、结构1).陈述句结构:主语+h a v e(h a s)(n o t)+过去分词+其它。

h a v e n o t=h a v e n’t h a s n o t=h a s n’t.2).一般疑问句结构:H a v e(H a s)+主语+过去分词+其它?3).特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+h a v e(h a s)+主语+过去分词+其它?e g.H e h a s a l r e a d yf i n i s h e d h i s h o m e w o r k.H e h a s n’t f i n i s h e d h i s h o m e w o r k y e t.H a s h e f i n i s h e d h i s h o m e w o r k y e t?--Y e s,h e h a s./N o,h e h a s n’t./N o,n o t y e t.四、现在完成时的时间状语(1)现在完成时属于现在时范围,故不能和过去的时间状语连用。

高中现在完成时讲解与练习(非常详细)

高中现在完成时讲解与练习(非常详细)

现在完成时讲解与练习一、现在完成时的构成1. 现在完成时结构:主语+助动词have(has) +动词过去分词否定句:have/has后加not, haven’t/hasn’t一般疑问句:前提have/has被动:have /has been +动词的现在分词2.现在完成时的概念:1) 表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

--Have you had your lunch yet?你吃过午饭了吗?--Yes,Ihave.I havejusthad it.是的,我刚吃过。

(现在我不饿了。

)I havealreadyposted the photos. 我已经寄过这些照片。

(这些照片已不在我这里了。

)2) 过去发生的事情,一直持续到现在(其谓语动词多是延续性动词或表示状态的词)。

I haven’tseen herthesedays.近来我一直没见过他。

I’ve knownLi Leifor three years. 我认识李雷已经三年了。

They havelivedhere since1996.他们自从1996年就住在这儿。

She has taughtussince I came to this school. 自从我来这所学校,她就教我。

3.现在完成时多与下列时间状语连用:1) 用于“过去发生的事,对现在造成的影响或结果”的时间状语有:already(已经→肯定句)yet(还;尚未→否/疑问句)-Has he phoned you yet?---No,not yet.never(从未)ever(曾经→疑问句)Have youever talked tohimabout it?just(刚刚) before(以前)a lready 用于肯定句,可放在助动词之后、过去分词之前,也可放在句末;yet用在疑问句中意为“已经”,用在否定句中表示“还”,常放在句末;ever意为“曾经”,用于疑问句或否定句中,放在助动词与过去分词之间;never意为“从来都没有”,常和before连用,多放在助动词与过去分词之间。

现在完成时精讲及练习(附答案)

现在完成时精讲及练习(附答案)

现在完成时精讲和练习〔附答案〕一、现在完成时的六种常用情景:〔一〕表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,1、The car has arrived。

车子来了。

〔对现在结果的影响是:车子已在门口〕2、Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。

〔对现在结果的影响是:窗户仍破着〕3、It’s so dark。

Someone has turned off the light.这里很黑,有人刚把灯关了。

〔对现在结果的影响是:现在很黑〕4、Are you free? I have finished my homework. I am free.你有空吗?我已经做完了家庭作业。

我有空。

〔我已经完成了家庭作业,对现在影响是:很有空〕。

〔二〕表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态。

一般会和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在〔包括“现在〞在内〕的一段时间的状语连用。

如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词how long等。

这时表示持续动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词。

1、My uncle has worked at this factory for five years。

我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了。

2、Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002。

自从2002年Mr. Black 一直住在中国。

3、How long have you been here?你来这里多久了?4、I have learnt English for more than ten years。

我已经学了10多年的英语。

(从10年前开始,持续到现在)5、She has swum since half an hour ago。

我已经游泳了半个小时。

(半个小时前开始,到现在还在游) 〔三〕经验性用法:表示从过去开始到目前为止这段时间中反复发生的动作或屡次出现的状态。

现在完成时讲解及练习(最新整理)

现在完成时讲解及练习(最新整理)

Unit 9: 现在完成时讲解一.基本结构:助动词have/has+过去分词(done)二. 句型:否定句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语: Yes, 主语+ have/has.(肯定) No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't.(否定)三.用法(1)现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果 I have spent all of my money (so far).(含义是:现在我没有钱花了.) Guo zijun has (just/already) come. (含义:郭子君现在在这儿)My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿) (2)现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示)常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用. ①for+时段 ②since+过去一个时间点(译为:自从……以来) ③since+时段+ago ④since+从句(过去时) ●⑤It is+时段+since+从句(过去时) Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. 四. has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别 Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场)Where is your father?He has gone to Shanghai.Have/Has been (to) :去过(已不在去过的地方)My father has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in:呆了多久(还在所呆的地方)My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /sinc e two months ago.五.现在完成时的标志  1. 现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义: * 以already, just和yet为标志 He has already got her help. 他已得到她的帮助。

现在完成时讲解及专项练习

现在完成时讲解及专项练习

现在完成时讲解及专项练习现在完成时的构成have done( 过去分词) ,has done ( 第三人称单数)do (原形)did (过去)donebe was/were beencome came comehelp helped helped现在完成时的用法(一).现在完成时态表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果We have read this book.He has had his lunch.常与现在完成时连用的词.短语1 already( 已经)(肯定)ever (疑问,) [ 句中] ,yet (否定,疑问) [ 句尾] ,never (从不), before, just(刚刚), recently ( 近来),2 so far (到现在为止),up to /till,/until now(直到现在),lately(最近)in the past 5 yearsI have already finished the homework.I haven’t finished the homework yet .Have you ever finished the homework. Yes, I have. No, I haven’t.翻译:她已经去过德国了。

肯定句————————————————————————————否定句一般疑问句————————————————————————————现在完成时的用法(二)某个动作从过去已经开始,一直持续到现在,还有可能持续到将来.动作的持续性要通过一段时间来表示.一段时间的表达方法有两种:for: +一段时间for a year for two weeks for three yearssince+ 过去的某一时刻since nine since last week过去时的时间状语从句since you came since you got home. He has lived here for three years.He has lived here since three years ago.He has lived here since he came to China.对for, since 提问一般用How long…?How long has he lived here?注意:for 和since 所引导的时间状语都表示一段时间.结束性动词( 瞬间动词)不能和表示一段时间的时间状语连用,但是他可以转换成相应的延续性动词.come/arrive --- go out --- leave ---begin ---- buy --- borrow ----join --- die --- catch a cold ---fall asleep--- close--- open---翻译:1 这本书他已经从图书馆借了两周了。

(完整版)现在完成时讲解(含讲解及习题)(可编辑修改word版)

(完整版)现在完成时讲解(含讲解及习题)(可编辑修改word版)

(完整版)现在完成时讲解(含讲解及习题)(可编辑修改word版)现在完成时讲解一、构成:肯定式:主语+ 助动词have/has + 动词的过去分词.疑问式:助动词Have/Has + 主语+ 动词的过去分词?否定式: 主语+ 助动词have/has + not + 动词的过去分词.过去分词规则变化:a)一般情况下,直接加ed, (work---worked,water---watered, finish---finished 等;)b)以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的动词, 把y 变成i 再加ed, (carry-- -carried study---studied 等;)c)以辅+元+辅结尾且中读的动词,要双写最后一个辅音字母,再加ed。

(stop---stopped,shop---shopped)d)以不发音的e 结尾的动词,只加d(过去分词不规则变化表:二、用法:用法一:表示过去(已经、曾经或从未)发生的某一动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

标志词:①already, ②never, ③ever, ④just, ⑤yet, ⑥before,⑦once/twice/数字+ times例:I have cleaned my room. 我已打扫了房间(房间现在是干净的,不需要打扫了)They have left. --他们已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里I have never had a car (我从未有过汽车。

)I have been there twice.a)already 往往用于肯定句,用在疑问句时表示强调或加强语气;yet 用于否定句和疑问句。

He has already left here. 他已经离开这里了。

Has he already left here? 他(真的)已经离开这里了吗?(表示加强语气)My teachers haven’t had breakfast yet. 我的老师们还没有吃早饭。

现在完成时态讲解及练习

现在完成时态讲解及练习

现在完成时态讲解及练习现在完成时态讲解及练习1、概念:表示某个动作或状态发生在过去,但对现在造成了影响,这个动作或状态也可能已经结束,也可能还要继续下去。

2、现在完成时态的构成:助动词have / has +动词的过去分词。

当主语为第三人称单数用has,其余人称用have。

否定句在助动词have/ has 后加not ;疑问句则把助动词Have/ Has 提放到主语之前。

如:I have worked here for ten years . She hasn't been to the Great Wall . Have you been to Beijing ?3、现在完成时态的用法(1)、表示过去某时刻发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,常与already, yet, just , ever, never…..before, this morning, now , today , so far , in the last/ past+时间段、over +时间段, recently,by+现在时间等连用如:Tom has already finished his homework. We have had two classes this morning.(2)、表示从过去某一时刻开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态,常与for 引导的一段时间或since 引导的时间点或过去时间状语从句连用。

如:Mr Green has lived in China for five months.Mr Green has lived in China since five months ago.Mr Green has lived in China since he came to China.4、have/ has been to 与 have/ has gone to 区别(1)、 have/ has been to 表曾去过某地(现在已不在该地),其后可接表次数的时间名词。

现在完成时态讲解及练习

现在完成时态讲解及练习

现在完成时态讲解及练习一、现在完成时的构成肯定句:主语+have/ has + done (过去分词)+其它He has lived in Shenzhen for 4 years.一般疑问句:Have/ Has +主语+ done (过去分词)+其它Has he lived in Shenzhen for 4 years?否定句: 主语+have/ has+ not + done (过去分词)+其它He has not finished his homework.过去分词的构成方法如下 :1.一般情况下,直接在动词原形后面加 –ed.work---worked answer---answered obey---obeyed want---wanted 2.以不发音的 -e 结尾的动词只加 –d.Move---moved hope---hoped divide---divided 3.字尾是辅音+y 的动词。

则将y 改i 加ed. study---studied tidy---tidied satisfy---satisfied4.以重读闭音节结尾的词,这些词的末尾只有一个辅音字母时,双写这个辅音字母,再加 –ed. stop---stopped regret--- regretted drop---dropped不规则动词过去式与过去分词分类记忆表一、AAA. (原形,过去式和过去分词一致)二、ABB (过去式和过去分词一致)3) 过去式、过去分词-t 替换原形-d6) 过去式、过去分词改为-elt二、现在完成时标志词:recently; recent years; these days/ years; lately; since; for+时间段;in the past few years; ever since; in the last five months; up to now; since then; so far; ever; never, yet; once; twice; already; before; just already (已经): 用于肯定句I have already posted the letter .yet(已经): 用于否定句,疑问句He hasn’t done his homework yet.just(刚刚)They have just left.ever(曾经)Have you ever been to Beijing ?never(从不)I have never seen him .before(以前)Have you seen the film before?since(自从…以来)I’ve worked in the school since 1999.for(长达)He’s lived in Shenzhen for 6 years.in the past several days / weeks/ years(在过去的…)recently(最近)I have not written to my parents recently.so far(到目前为止)So far she has learned 5 English songs.up to now(到目前为止)this morning/month/year(今天早上/这个月/今年)三、现在完成时的用法1)现在完成时表示过去发生的动作,并对现在有影响。

(完整版)小学现在完成时详细讲解与练习

(完整版)小学现在完成时详细讲解与练习

(完整版)小学现在完成时详细讲解与练习什么是现在完成时?现在完成时是英语中的一种时态,用来描述过去发生的动作或事件对现在造成的影响或结果。

在现在完成时中,动词需要用到助动词“have/has”加上过去分词形式。

如何构成现在完成时的肯定句?现在完成时的肯定句构成为:“主语 + have/has + 过去分词 + 其他补充信息”。

例如:- I have finished my homework.(我已经完成了我的作业。

)- He has seen that movie.(他已经看过那部电影。

)如何构成现在完成时的否定句?现在完成时的否定句构成为:“主语 + have/has + not + 过去分词 + 其他补充信息”。

例如:- I have not finished my homework.(我还没有完成我的作业。

)- She has not seen that movie.(她还没有看过那部电影。

)如何构成现在完成时的疑问句?现在完成时的疑问句构成为:“Have/Has + 主语 + 过去分词 +其他补充信息?”例如:- Have you finished your homework?(你完成作业了吗?)- Has she seen that movie?(她看过那部电影吗?)现在完成时的用法现在完成时通常用来表示以下几种情况:1. 过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

2. 过去开始的动作直到现在还在持续进行。

3. 刚刚完成的动作或经历。

例如:- I have lost my wallet.(我丢了钱包。

)- They have lived in this city for ten years.(他们在这个城市已经住了十年。

)- She has just arrived at the airport.(她刚刚到达机场。

)现在完成时的练1. 请用现在完成时造句:(例句仅供参考)- 我已经吃过晚饭了。

现在完成时讲解及练习(答案)

现在完成时讲解及练习(答案)

现在完成时讲解及练习(答案)初中英语主要时态系列(六)——现在完成时讲解及练习1现在完成时的基本结构肯定句:主语+have/has+动词的过去分词+其他否定句:主语+have/has+not+动词的过去分词+其他⼀般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+动词的过去分词+其他特殊疑问句:特殊疑问词+⼀般疑问句(have/has+主语+过去分词+其他)2现在完成时的⽤法1. 现在完成时⽤来表⽰过去已经完成的动作对现在造成影响或后果。

也就是说,动作或状态发⽣在过去但它的影响现在还存在,强调的是现在。

I have already posted the photo.我已经邮寄出了照⽚。

与此种⽤法连⽤的时间状语时⼀些模糊的过去时间状语,如already(肯定句句中), yet(否定句/疑问句句尾), just, before, recently,still, lately,never 等。

2. 现在完成时也可⽤来表⽰动作或状态发⽣在过去某⼀时刻,持续到现在并且有可能会继续持续下去。

He has lived here since 1978.⾃从1978年以来,他⼀直住在这⼉。

(动作起始于1978年,⼀直住到现在,可能还要继续住下去。

)此种⽤法常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句⼦)连⽤。

谓语动词必须是延续性动词。

有些瞬间动词可变为延续动词:go out----be out finish----be over open----be open die----be dead buy---have fall ill---be ill come back----be back catch a cold----have a cold3现在完成时常见考法对于现在完成时的考查,多以单选、句型转换或词语运⽤的形式考查学⽣在具体语境中灵活运⽤时态的能⼒。

在考试中,会让⼤家判断是否该⽤现在完成时,或者是考查“瞬间动词”不能与表⽰⼀段时间的状语连⽤”这⼀知识点。

(完整版)高一现在完成时讲解及练习(含答案)

(完整版)高一现在完成时讲解及练习(含答案)

现在完成时讲解及练习(含答案)一.基本结构:助动词have/has+过去分词(done)二.句型:否定句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语: Yes, 主语+ have/has.(肯定) No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't.(否定)三.用法(1)现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果I have spent all of my money (so far). (含义是:现在我没有钱花了.)Guo zijun has (just/already) come. (含义:郭子君现在在这儿)My father has gone to work.(含义是:我爸爸现在不在这儿)(2)现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的,持续到现在的动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示)常与for(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用.①for+时段②since+过去一个时间点(译为:自从……以来)③since+时段+ago④since+从句(过去时)●⑤It is+时段+since+从句(过去时)Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since 1998.四.has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场)Where is your father?He has gone to Shanghai.Have/Has been (to) :去过(已不在去过的地方)My father has been to Shanghai.Have/has been in:呆了多久(还在所呆的地方)My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago.五.现在完成时的标志1. 现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:* 以already, just和yet为标志He has already got her help. 他已得到她的帮助。

现在完成时讲解_50道现在完成时练习题(含答案)

现在完成时讲解_50道现在完成时练习题(含答案)

一、时态讲解:现在完成时(2)用法:1)现在完成时通常表示在说话之前已经完成的动作或存在的状态。

说话人强调的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。

My daughter has just gone out. 我女儿刚出去。

I’m sure we’ve met before. 我肯定我们以前见过面。

She has arrived. 她到了。

2)表示持续到现在的动作或状态,往往和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用,如recently, already, just, lately, for…, since…,yet等。

如:I haven’t heard from her these days. 这些日子我没有收到她的信。

We haven’t seen you recently. 最近我们没有见到你。

They have been away for two years. 他们离开已经两年了。

She has been with us since Monday.★注意:a)since和for的区别since后接时间点,如1993,last term, yesterday, the time I got therefor后接一段时间,表示“长达多久”,如ten years, a while, two days等。

Exercise: 用since和for填空1. Jim has been in Ireland ______ Monday.2. Jill has been in Ireland ______ three days.3. His aunt has lived in Australia ______15 days.4. Mary is in her office. She has been there ______ 7 o'clock.5. India has been an independent country ______1974.6. The bus is late. They've been waiting ______ 20 minutes.7. Nobody lives in those houses. They have been empty ______ many years.8. Mike has been ill ______a long time. He has been in hospital ______ October.1. since2. for3. for4. since5. since6. for7. for8. since2)表示短暂意义的动词如arrive, leave, borrow, buy, begin, start, die等,在完成时当中不能和表示一段时间的状语连用,因为它们表示的动作不可能持续。

现在完成时讲解和练习(有答案)

现在完成时讲解和练习(有答案)

现在完成时讲解和练习1. 现在完成时的构成: have\has+过去分词(过去分词的构成有规则变化和不规则变化)2. 现在完成时的四个基本句型肯定句He has finished the work.一般疑问句Has he finished the work? 回答Yes ,he has. No, he hasn’t.否定句He has not finished the work.特殊疑问句What has he done?3.现在完成时的用法:A.表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,强调对现在造成的影想或结果)。

例如:The car has arrived. 车子来了。

(结果:车子已在门口)Someone has broken the window.有人把窗户打破了。

(结果:窗户仍破着)B. 表示过去已经开始,持续到现在的动作或状态,可以和表示从过去某一时刻延续到现在(包括“现在”在内)的一段时间的状语连用,如for+时间段、since+过去的时间点、疑问词how long等。

例如: My uncle has worked at this factory for five years. 我叔叔在这个工厂工作已经五年了。

Mr. Black has lived in China since 2002. 自从2002年Mr. Black 一直住在中国。

How long have you been here? 你来这里多久了?4. 在下列情形下用现在完成时(1)九词语①already已经肯定句中或句尾e.g.: I have already found my pen.= I have found my pen already.②yet已经否定句和疑问句句尾e.g.:I have not finished the work yet.Have you bought a computer yet?③ever曾经句中e.g.:Have you ever seen pandas?④never从不句中e.g.:I have never been to Beijing. ⑤just刚刚句中e.g.:I have just done my work.⑥before以前句尾e.g.:I have never been there before.⑦so far到目前为止e.g.:So far he has learnt 200 words.⑧how long多久e.g.:How long have you lived here?⑨how many times多少次e.g.:How many times has he been to Beijing?(3)三词组1.have<has>gone to去了某地表示“已经去了某地,在去那里的途中或到达那里还没有回来”e.g.:He has gone to Beijing (去了北京)2.have<has>been to去过某地表示“曾去过某地,已经从那里回来了”e.g.:He has been to Beijing. (去过北京)3.have<has>been in 表示“在某地呆多长时间”,常与表示一段时间的状语连用,如:since, for, how longe.g.: Mr. Brown has been in Beijing for three days. 布朗先生来北京已经有三天了4.如果句子里面没有时间状语,汉语意思能够加“已经”,往往用现在完成时态。

(word版)现在完成时与现在完成进行时态讲解及练习(含答案),文档

(word版)现在完成时与现在完成进行时态讲解及练习(含答案),文档

时态现在完成时一.根本结构:助动词have/has+过去分词(done)。

表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响,或过去发生的动作还未结束,一直持续到现在或将来,重点在于对现在的影响。

二.句型:否认句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语:Yes,主语+have/has.(肯定)No,主语+haven't/hasn't.(否认)三.用法1.“已完成〞用法:表示一个过去发生并结束的动作对现在造成的影响或结果。

这一类情况可以细致分为下述两种情况。

1〕表示开始于过去的动作刚刚结束。

常和just,now,already,yet,not yet等不确定的时间状语连用。

LiMinghasjustturnedoffthelight.李明刚刚把灯关上。

〔说明现在灯关上了〕I'vefinishedmyhomeworknow.现在我已经做完作业了。

〔说明可以交作业或做别的了〕2〕表示过去动作的结果,现在仍残留着。

一般不用时间状语。

Ihavelostmypen.我把笔丢了。

〔说明过去某时丢的,现在我还没找到这支笔〕Shehasbecomeateacher她.已经当了老师。

〔说明她现在仍是老师〕2.“未完成〞用法。

表示动作或状态从过去某时开始,持续到现在的动作〔用行为动词表示〕或状态〔be动词表示〕,常与for〔+段时间〕、since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用。

for+时段〔foralongtime,foramonth〕since+过去一个时间点〔译为:自从以来,如since1991、sinceyesterday〕since+时段+ago〔since2daysago〕④since+从句〔过去时〕●⑤Itis+时段+since+从句〔过去时〕⑥其它常见:today,thisweek〔month〕,lately,recently,thesedays,inthepastfewdays,duringthelasttwoweeks,,sofar,uptonow,till〔until〕now等。

现在完成时态的讲解和练习题(6月5日)

现在完成时态的讲解和练习题(6月5日)

语法的讲解和练习题现在完成时态一、构成:主语+ have/has + 过去分词+其他否定式:主语+ haven't/hasn't + 过去分词+ 其他。

疑问式: Have /Has + 主语+ 过去分词+ 其他?简略答语: (肯定)Yes, 主语+ have/has. (否定)No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't.(否定)二、用法:现在完成时既涉及过去,又联系现在(一)表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果,也可表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态常与just(刚刚),already(已经),never(从来没有),ever(曾经),before(以前),yet(仍然,还),once(一次),twice(两次),many times(很多次),how many times(多少次),so far(迄今为止),up to now ,till now 等时间状语连用。

如:※副词的位置:①just常用于肯定句中,放在have / has后,He has just come .②never表示否定,放在have / has后, He has never visited the Great Wall.③ever用于疑问句中,句型为: Have / Has+主语+ever+过去分词?“…曾经……过吗?”用于询问某人过去的经历。

Have you ever been to the farm?④before用于句末,The woman has never heard of that before.⑤yet用于句末或not之后. Has the train arrived yet? No, not yet.⑥already用于肯定句, have / has之后或句末.We have already finished it.⑦so far用于句首或句末. So far, we have visited the moon.(二):表示过去已经开始,一直延续到现在的动作或状态。

现在完成时讲解及练习

现在完成时讲解及练习

现在完成时讲解及练习(一)含义:1. 过去发生的动作对现在产生了影响。

(1)我已经吃过午饭了。

(影响:现在饱了,不吃了)I have had lunch.(2)我已经完成了作业。

(影响:写完了,我现在不用写作业了)I have finished my homework.(3) 我已经买了一本字典了。

(影响:买过就有了,现在不需要再买了)I have bought a dictionary.2. 过去发生的动作持续到现在。

(1)我待在家里两天了。

I have stayed at home for two days.(2)我在上海住了十年了。

I have lived in Shanghai for ten years.(live)(3)我已经在这儿工作四年了。

I have worked here for four years.(work)1. I have had lunch.(1)改成否定句:____________________________________________(2)改成一般疑问句:____________________________________________(3)肯定回答:____________________________________________(4)否定回答:____________________________________________(5)对划线部分进行提问:____________________________________________2. He has finished his work.(1)改成否定句:____________________________________________(2)改成一般疑问句:____________________________________________(3)肯定回答:____________________________________________(4)否定回答:____________________________________________(5)对划线部分进行提问:____________________________________________(三)现在完成时的时间标志词:1. already已经, yet已经, never从来没有, ever曾经, just刚刚注意:already用于肯定句中,改为否定句和疑问句时already要变成yetnever改为疑问句时要换成ever2. for+一段时间eg. for two days两天for ten years十年3. since+过去的时间点eg. since two days ago自从两天前since ten years ago自从十年前4. once一次、twice两次、three times三次、several times几次(四)动词过去分词的变化规则:规则动词的过去分词变化规则与动词过去式变化规则一样。

现在完成时 讲解和练习

现在完成时  讲解和练习

现在完成时表示到现在、目前为止已经完成的动作;常与already, yet, ever, since, just, for, by now; up to now等连用.(1)already 与yet的区别I have already done my homework now.(already用于肯定句,放在句中)I have not done my homework yet. (yet用于否定句,放在句末)(2)since 与for的区别I have studied English since 1990. (since接时间点,而且必须是具体时间)I have studied English for 18 years. (for 接时间段,而且必须是延续动词,不能用短暂动词)I have bought the book. (短暂动词也可以用于完成时态,但不能用于含for 接时间段的句子)= I have kept/used the book for 18 years. (把短暂动词用另一个延续动词来替代,则能用于for 接时间段)= I bought the book 18 years ago. (短暂动词一般用于过去时)It has been 18 years since I saw him last time. (since接过去时,前面动词用完成时)(3)have gone to 与have been to 的区别have gone to表示去了某个地方,现在还没回来---Where is Mr. Chen? (陈老师去哪了?)---He has gone to the street. (他去了街上)have been to表示到过某个地方,现在已经回来了---Where have you been? (你到哪里?)---I have been to the street.(我到街上)(4)瞬间动词,即非延续性动词的现在完成时的肯定式不能与表示一段时间的时间状语连用。

现在完成时讲解加练习(精)--

现在完成时讲解加练习(精)--

现在完成时思考题我已经游了五个小时的泳了。

妈妈,我作业写完了,现在可以看电视吗?•现在完成时:一、结构:have/ has +V过去分词动词的过去分词的构成1.直接加-ed。

如:play-played2.以字母e结尾的直接加d 。

如:name-named3.以辅音字母加y结尾的,变y为i加ed。

如:carry-carried4.重读闭音节且末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写这个辅音字母再加-ed。

如:stop-stopped(不规则过去分词参考一般过去时教案)二、用法•1) 表示到现在为止已经完成或刚刚完成的动作。

•Now we have planted all the trees.•He has just come back.••2) 表示过去发生的动作, 但强调结果或对现在的影响。

•Have you had your supper?•I have read the book twice already.在以上两种用法中常跟already, not…yet, never, just, before, ever, recently, so far等时间继续下去的状语。

3) 表示过去已经开始, 持续到现在, 也许还会继续下去的动作或状态,常与包括现在在内的一段时间的状语连用,例如:for, sinceHe has studied English for 6 years.Mary has been busy since she came back from Hangzhou..三、句型肯定句现在完成时的肯定句式是“have(has)+过去分词”。

注意:该句式中的have或has是助动词,has用于第三人称单数,其它人称一律用have。

2.疑问句现在完成时的一般疑问句式是把助动词have或has提到主语之前。

(回答用“Yes,...have (has)./“No,...haven‟t(hasn‟t).” )Have you eaten your breakfast?现在完成时的一般疑问句形式Have/has 提前+过去分词Have you known Sandy for a long time?Yes, I have/ No, I haven’t. know-knownHas she eaten anything since 9:00 a.m.Yes, she has/ No, she hasn’t. eat-eaten把下列句子改成一般疑问句1.I‟ve already had dinner.2. He has just finished his homework.3. Mum‟s cooked the dinner.4. Susan‟s learned English at school.3.否定句:现在完成时的否定句式是“haven't(hasn't)+过去分词”。

现在完成时详细讲解及练习PPT

现在完成时详细讲解及练习PPT

如下: close—→be closed, put on→wear ,
open—→be open
get up—→be up,
finish/end—→be over , lose—→be lost ,
marry—→be married(to), get to know—→ know
fall asleep/ go to sleep —→be asleep ( sleep ) ,
9. think _______
10. eat _____
11. drive ______
12. catch ______
13. bring ______
14. break ______
15. give _______
16. get _________
17. know _______
18. open _______
注意1): 对for或since引导的时间状语提 问 必须用how long, 决不能用when.
Eg. I have lived here for 10 years. How long have you lived here
She has stood here since 2 hour ago.
系;现在完成时表示与现在有关系的发生在过去的动作,它
不与表示过去的时间状语(如yesterday , last week , a
moment ago等)连用。故例1、2的正确答案皆为B。
A. joined B. has joined C. was in D. has
been in 例2.—Do you kDnow him well
A.Aha.s ischawngreidti;nwgell B.wBa.schwanrgietdin; ggood
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现在完成时讲解及练习Unit 9:现在完成时讲解一.基本结构:助动词have/has+过去分词(done)二.句型:否定句:主语+have/has+not+过去分词+其他.一般疑问句:Have/Has+主语+过去分词+其他.简略答语: Yes, 主语+ have/has.(肯定)No, 主语+ haven't/hasn't.(否定)三.用法(1)现在完成时表示过去发生或已经完成的动作对现在造成的影响或结果I have spent all of my money,now I’m very poorMy father isn’t at home,he has gone to work.(2)现在完成时可以用来表示发生在过去某一时刻的持续到现在的动作(用行为动词表示)或状态(be动词表示)常与f or(+时间段),since(+时间点或过去时的句子)连用.①for+时段②since+过去一个时间点(译为:自从……以来)③since+时段+ago④since+从句(过去时)●⑤It is+时段+since+从句(过去时)Mary has been ill for three days.I have lived here since 1998.四.has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的区别Have/Has gone(to) :去了(现在不在说话现场)Where is your father?He has gone to Shanghai.Have/Has been (to) :去过(已不在去过的地方)My father has been to Shanghai twice。

Have/has been in:呆了多久(还在所呆的地方)My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /sin ce two months ago.五.现在完成时的标志1. 现在完成时的含义之一是过去完成的动作对现在仍有影响,用以下四大标志词可以表达这种含义:* 以already, just和yet为标志He has already got her help. 他已得到她的帮助。

He has just seen the film. 他刚刚看过这场电影。

He hasn't come back yet. 他还没有回来。

* 以ever和never为标志This is the best film I have ever seen. 这是我曾经看过的最好的一部电影。

He has never been to Beijing. 他从没有到过北京。

* 以动作发生的次数为标志He says he has been to the USA three times. 他说他已经去过美国三次了。

* 以so far(到目前为止)为标+beforeHe has got to Beijing so far. 到目前为止他已到了北京。

She has passed the examso far. 到目前为止她已经通过了考试。

2.过去已经开始的动作一直延续到现在, 甚至有可能继续延续下去,我们可以从动作“延续”的特性和“时间”点段的区分入手,进一步学习现在完成时。

* ①for+时段②since+过去一个时间点(过去从句)为标志注意:1)现在完成时不能单独与过去的时间状语连用, 如yesterd ay,last week, three years ago 等; 2)不能与when连用 2.现在完成时往往同表示不确定的过去时间状语连用六.过去分词1 、规则动词:规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则动词的过去式的构成规则相同。

四点变化规则:(1)、一般动词,在词尾直接加“ ed ”。

work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited(2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词,只在词尾加“ d ”。

live---lived---lived ,(3)、以“辅音字母+ y ”结尾的动词,将"y" 变为"i" ,再加“ ed ”。

study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried(4)、重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写该辅音字母,再加“ ed ”。

stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped--dropped2 、不规则动词:AAA型原型过去式过去分词burst burst burst hurt hurt hurt let let letcast cast castcost cost costcut cut cuthit hit hitput put putset set setshut shut shutspread spread spreadread read read read原形发音为/ri:d/,过去式和过去分词发音为/red/AAB型beat beat beatenABA型become became becomerun ran runcome came come特殊情况ABB型bring brought broughtbuy bought boughtbuild built builtburn burnt burnt catch caught caught dig dug dugfeel felt feltfight fought fought find found found hear heard heard hold held heldkeep kept keptlay laid laidlead led ledlose lost lostmake made made meet met metsell sold soldshoot shot shotsit sat sat stand stood stood sweep swept swept teach taught taughttell told toldthink thought thought win won wonABC型begin began begunblow blew blownbreak broke broken choose chose chosen draw drew drawndrive drove drivendrink drank drunkfly flew flownforgive forgave forgiven forget forgot forgottenfreeze froze frozengive gave givengrow grew grownknow knew knownride rode riddenrise rose risenring rang rungshake shook shakensing sang sungsink sank sunkswim swam swumthrow threw thrownwrite wrote written七.瞬间动词(buy,die,join,come,go ,leave,join ……)不能直接与for 、since 连用。

要改变动词buy----have borrow -----keepcome/arrive/reach/get to-----be ingo out----be out leave ----be awaybegin-----be on finish----be overopen----be open close -----be closeddie----be dead★1.have代替buyMy brother has had(不能用has bought) this bike for a lmost four years.★2、用keep或have代替borrowI have kept(不能用have borrowed) the book for quitea few days.★3、用be替代becomeHow long has your sister been a teacher?★4、用have a cold代替catch a coldTom has had a cold since the day before yesterday.★5、用wear代替put onb)用“be+形容词”代终止性动词1、be+married代marry2、be+ill代fall (get) ill3、be+dead代die4、be+asleep代fall (get) asleep5、be+awake代wake/wake up6、be+open代open7、be closed代close/shutc)用“be+副词”代终止性动词1、“be+on”代start,begin2 “be+back(to)”代return to,come back to,go back to3、“be here (there)”代come(arrive,reach,get) here或go (arrive,reach,get) there等等d)用“be+介词短语”代终止性动词1.“be in/at +地点”代替go to /come to2.用be in the army 代替join the army3.“be in/at +地点”代替move to常用瞬间动词变延续性动词表:1. have arrived at/in sw. got to/reached sw. come/gon e/moved to sw.→have been in sw./at…相应的介词2. have co me/gone back/returned → have been back3. have come/gone out →have been out4. have become → have been5. have closed / opened→ have been close/open6. have got up → have been up;7. have died → have been dead;8. have left sw. → have been aw ay from sw.9. have fallen asleep/got to sleep → have been aslee p;10. have finished/ended/completed → have been ove r;11. havemarried → have been married;12. have started/begun to do sth. → have done sth.;13. have begun → have been on14. have borrowed/bought →have kept/had15. have lost → haven’t had16. have put on →have worn17. have caught /get a cold → have had a cold;18. have got to know → have known19. have/has gone to → have been in20. have joined/have taken part in the league/the Part y/the army→have been a member of/ have been in/have been t he Party’s member/the league member/the soldier…现在完成时练习(一)A)选用have, has填空:1.I _______ told him the news.2.She ________ come back from school.3.You ________ won the game.B)按要求改写下列各句: 4.They have bought a computer.(改成否定句)_________________________________________5.He has lost his book.(先改成一般疑问句,再作肯定与否定回答)_________________________________________C) 单项选择6. -Where have you _____, Kate?-I've ______ to the bank.A. gone, goneB. been, beenC. gone, beenD. been, gone7. Her grandfather ______ for two years.A. diedB. has diedC. has been deadD. has been died8. It's six weeks ______ I met you last.A. whenB. sinceC. beforeD. for现在完成时练习(二)一、单项选择。

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