阅读理解主旨题
阅读理解主旨大意题(讲解版)
阅读理解主旨大意题【命题分析】主旨大意题是高考阅读理解的主要题型之一，旨在考查考生对文章大意或者文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力。
此类题数量较大，在15个题中约占1-2个。
◆主旨大意题的分类1.从考查对象上划分，主旨大意题可分为两种①篇章主旨：针对全文的主题进行提问。
主题句出现在首段的居多，其次是末段。
②段落主旨：针对某一段或几段的主题提问。
主题句可能是段落的首句、末句，也可能需要从上下文中寻找或总结。
2.考查内容上划分，主旨大意题可分为三种①主题类(内容)，考查文章或段落的主旨大意；②目的类，考查文章或段落的写作目的；③标题类，要求考生选出文章的最佳标题。
◆设问特点：1.考查全文主旨或段落大意。
2.正确选项概况范围大小恰当，主旨判断准确。
3.错误选项的特点常常是太大、太窄或者偏离主题，主观臆断。
4.常以main idea,best idea,subject,mainly discuss等词提问。
◆常考问题：1.中心思想类The main point/idea of the passage is…The passage is mainly about…The passage mainly discusses…The last but one paragraph is chiefly concerned with…?Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage?2.标题类Which of the following is the best title of the passage?The best title for the passage would be…3.目的类The author’s main purpose in writing the passage is to…The passage is meant to….In writing this passage,the author mainly intends to…【名师指导】文章主题常常可以通过文章的写作方法来体现，有以下五种情况：1.中心主题句出现在文首开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想。
《阅读理解主旨题》课件
阅读理解主旨题是阅读理解中的一种题型，要求确定一篇文章的主旨。本课 件将介绍主旨题的解答方法和技巧。
什么是阅读理解主旨题？
1 题型解释
阅读理解题型中的一种，要求确定一篇文章的主旨。
如何解答阅读理解主旨题？
1 1. 通读全文
首先要整体了解文章的 大意和主题。
2 2. 使用关键词标记
解题技巧包括利用关键词和推断隐含的主旨，这些技巧能够帮助你准确回答主旨题。
2 2. 利用文章中的关键词
文章中也会出现与主旨相关的关键词，注意捕捉并利用它们。
3 3. 推断隐含的主旨
通过对文章内容的推理，寻找文章中未直接表达的主旨。
总结
理解题目要求
阅读理解主旨题需要找出一篇文章的主旨。
关注关键词和文章结构
解题过程中需要注意关键词和文章结构，它们是找出主旨的关键。
利用技巧得出答案
段落
通过标记段落中的关键 词来帮助理解文章。
3 3. 避免被细节迷惑
不要被文章中的细节所 干扰，关注整体内容。
4 4. 确认文章的类型和结构
5 5. 综合整篇文章确定主旨
了解文章关键信息整合，确定文章的主 旨。
解题技巧
1 1. 利用题目中的关键词
题目中常常会出现与主旨相关的关键词，利用它们来帮助解题。
阅读理解中的主旨题与细节题解题技巧
阅读理解中的主旨题与细节题解题技巧阅读理解是考试中常见的题型之一，在解答阅读理解题时，主旨题和细节题是考试中常见的题目类型。
本文将介绍主旨题和细节题的解题技巧，帮助读者更好地应对这两种题型。
一、主旨题解题技巧主旨题是要求读者从文章中找到最能概括全文中心主题的选项。
以下是几个解答主旨题的技巧：1.阅读全文：要想准确地找到文章的主旨，首先需要全面地了解整篇文章。
建议在阅读时注意文章的标题、首句、尾句以及段落开头和结尾等，以便理解文章的整体结构和主题。
2.找出关键词：在解答主旨题时，需要找出文章中出现频率较高的关键词。
这些关键词通常能够反映文章的中心主题，有助于准确选择答案。
3.概括文章：根据关键词和整体理解，将文章的中心思想进行概括。
可以尝试用简洁、直接的语言表达出文章的主题，然后选择与之相符的选项。
4.排除干扰项：在选择答案时，要注意排除那些只涉及文章某个细节或只描述某个方面的选项。
主旨题需要找到最全面、最概括的选项，而非某个具体细节。
二、细节题解题技巧细节题是要求读者从文章中找出特定的细节信息，以下是几个解答细节题的技巧：1.定位关键词：在解答细节题时，需要找到题目中给出的关键词或具体要求，并根据这些信息在文章中进行定位。
关键词可以是人名、地名、时间、数字等。
2.提取相关信息：在定位到关键词所在的句子或段落后，仔细阅读该句或段落，提取与题目相关的信息。
有时候细节信息可能不仅仅出现在一处，需要仔细寻找相关信息。
3.注意选项表述：细节题的选项通常会稍微改写原文的表达方式，读者需要注意选项的用词和句型变化。
有时候选项中会出现误导性的信息，需要谨慎筛选。
4.排除干扰项：在选择答案时，要注意排除那些与文章不符或没有明确依据的选项。
细节题的答案应该能够准确地反映文章所给的信息。
细节题和主旨题是阅读理解中重要且常见的题型，掌握相应的解题技巧对提高阅读理解能力具有重要意义。
通过阅读全文、找出关键词、概括文章、排除干扰项等技巧，可以更准确地解答这两种题型。
七八年级英语阅读理解之主旨大意专项练习 例题 +技巧+解析
1. What does the last paragraph(段落) tell us? A. Struggles are sometimes necessary in our life. B. Nothing is difficult if we put our heart into it. C. Every good deed will come back with good result. D. The greatest happiness in the world is to help others.
With the help of hospitals and the Beijing Blood Donor Station, they made an experiment which proved that the red blood cells(细胞) in the blood of black bears can be used.
simple as using both sides of a piece of paper before you recycle it, or reusing an old textbook: instead of buying a
new one. If you want to do more, join an environmental group at your school, and encourage your friends to join,
So the man decided to help the butterfly. He cut off the remaining bit of the cocoon so that the butterfly could come out easily. But to his surprise, the butterfly got a heavy body and very small wings when it came out of the cocoon.
阅读理解主旨大意题(讲解版)
阅读理解主旨大意题【命题分析】主旨大意题是高考阅读理解的主要题型之一，旨在考查考生对文章大意或者文章中心思想的把握和归纳能力。
此类题数量较大，在15个题中约占1-2个。
◆主旨大意题的分类1.从考查对象上划分，主旨大意题可分为两种①篇章主旨：针对全文的主题进行提问。
主题句出现在首段的居多，其次是末段。
②段落主旨：针对某一段或几段的主题提问。
主题句可能是段落的首句、末句，也可能需要从上下文中寻找或总结。
2.考查内容上划分，主旨大意题可分为三种①主题类(内容)，考查文章或段落的主旨大意；②目的类，考查文章或段落的写作目的；③标题类，要求考生选出文章的最佳标题。
◆设问特点：1.考查全文主旨或段落大意。
2.正确选项概况范围大小恰当，主旨判断准确。
3.错误选项的特点常常是太大、太窄或者偏离主题，主观臆断。
4.常以main idea,best idea,subject,mainly discuss等词提问。
◆常考问题：1.中心思想类The main point/idea of the passageis…The passageis mainly about…The passagemainly discusses…The last but one paragraph is chiefly concerned with…？Which of the following statements best expressesthe main idea of the passage?2.标题类Which of the following is the best title of the passage?The best title for the passagewould be…3.目的类The author’ｓmain purpose in writing the passageis to…The passageis meant to…．In writing this passage,the author mainly intends to…【名师指导】文章主题常常可以通过文章的写作方法来体现，有以下五种情况：1.中心主题句出现在文首开门见山，提出主题，随之用细节来解释、支撑或发展主题句所表达的主题思想。
如何做阅读理解中的主旨大意题和猜词题
7.根据经验或者常识猜测词义 有时需要根据中学生应具备的基本知识或常 识做出合理的推测判断。例： The heat of sun warms some ocean water,the surface of the water evaporates, forming a cloud of warm, wet air that moves upward.
析：结合地理学科中云团的形成过程可知， “海水因受到光照蒸发，水期上升形成云 团”。由此可知，evaporates 意为“蒸发”
8.通过掌握构词法猜测词义 1）转化：指词的形式不变而词性发生变化的一 种构词法。如：nurse n 护士 verb 护理 free adj 空闲的 verb 释放 一般说来，转化后的词义与转化前的词义大致 相符。 2）合成：如果一个生词是有两个或两个以上的 单词构成的复合词，可以从该词的各个部分的 特定意思即联系上猜出该词的意思 3）派生：指由一个词根加上前缀或后缀构成的 一个新词。
6.根据举例猜测词义 这类信息词有such as ,for example,for instance等短语。例： Today young couples who are just starting their household often spend lots of their money on appliances, for instance , washing-machine,fridge and color TVsets.
4.作者的写作目的通常有以下几种：娱乐读者；说服 读者接受某种观点；告知读者某些信息；做广告。 学生应在理解全文的基础上领会作者意图。
阅读理解中的主旨题与详细题技巧
阅读理解中的主旨题与详细题技巧阅读理解是许多考试中都会出现的题型，主要测试考生对文章内容的理解和把握能力。
而在阅读理解中，主旨题和详细题是两个常见的题型。
本文将就主旨题和详细题的技巧进行探讨，以帮助读者更好地解答这些题目。
一、主旨题技巧主旨题是阅读理解中的重要组成部分，要求考生从文章中抓住重点，准确找出文章的中心思想。
以下是一些解答主旨题的技巧：1.审题准确：阅读题目时，要细致观察题目表达的关键词，包括但不限于“主要观点是”、“主要目的是”、“本文主要讨论”等词语提示。
正确理解题目的要求，才能有效地找到文章的中心思想。
2.略读全文：在回答主旨题之前，首先快速浏览全文，把握文章的结构，并且注意标题、首段和尾段的内容，这些地方通常能给出作者的中心观点。
3.追求总结：有时候文章会通过提出问题、列举实例或者使用比较对比等方式来进一步阐述观点，考生需要通过理解文章的逻辑关系，将这些细节进行总结，找出作者的核心观点。
4.排除干扰项：注意对比文章中的一些细节和观点是否与题目不符，排除与文章无关的选项，将选择范围缩小，提高答题准确率。
二、详细题技巧详细题要求考生理解文章中的具体细节，通常需要较长的语句或段落进行解答。
以下是一些解答详细题的技巧：1.读清题意：注意题目中的具体要求，例如“根据第二段的内容回答问题”或者“根据作者对某个现象的描述选择最佳选项”。
确保理解题目的要求，帮助准确找到信息。
2.细读相关段落：对于详细题，通常需要仔细阅读与问题有关的段落或者句子，理解其中的具体细节，包括数字、时间、地点、人物等信息。
3.注意词语的意义：有时候题目中会涉及到特定词语或短语的含义，考生需要在阅读文章时留意这些词语，理解其在文章中的具体意思。
4.排除干扰项：与主旨题类似，详细题也需要排除与文章无关或与题目要求不符的选项，提高答题准确率。
总结：阅读理解中的主旨题和详细题是考生常见的题型，通过掌握解答技巧，可以提高解题效率和准确度。
专题31阅读理解之主旨题(牛津译林版)
专专31 专专专专专专专专专专专专1.了解中考阅读理解真题中的主旨题的出题方向和主要考点2.通过模拟题的训练进一步了解阅读理解主旨题的做题方法主旨大意题主要考查学生在理解全文的基础上对文章内容进行归纳、概括和总结的能力。
根据其考查范围，可以分为段落大意题、全文大意题、最佳标题。
主旨大意题占中考试题中约阅读理解题的比例为5%10%。
主旨大意题的常考点：1. 段首、段尾句常考：段首、段尾句一般表达了文章的中心思想，或者就是该段的主题句，对全文或全段起着提纲挈领的作用。
2. 语义转折处常考：尤其是段首的语义转折，其后面往往是作者真实的写作目的或基本观点，即文章的中心思想所在。
3. 因果句常考：因果句通常可以表现出作者的意图、观点甚至全文的主题，因此成为考点。
一）、段落大意题（What is the 3rd paragraph mainly about?）（2023·江苏常州·中考真题D篇）At first, we studied acts of the kindness done for familiar people, such as friends, classmates or family. But we found that performers underestimated their positive influences on strangers as well. In one experiment, performers in a public park gave away hot chocolate on a cold winter’s day to people that just happened to be nearby. Again, the kind act brought more happiness than the performers expected.34. What is paragraph 5 mainly about?A. Different purposes of the research.B. More evidence for the research results.C.Possible influences of the research findings.D. Another explanation of the research methods.【答案】34. B【解析】主旨大意题。
阅读理解主旨题解题技巧
阅读理解主旨题解题技巧
阅读理解主旨题是英语考试中常见的一种题型，也是考察考生对文章整体内容把握的能力。
在解答这类题目时，有一些技巧可以帮助我们更准确地找到文章的主旨。
下面我将介绍一些有效的解题技巧。
首先，我们需要明确主旨题的考点。
主旨题通常要求考生根据文章的内容，选择最能概括文章主题的选项。
这意味着我们需要全面地理解文章，并从文章的整体结构和语言风格中找到关键信息。
其次，我们可以从文章的开头和结尾寻找线索。
通常情况下，文章的开头会交代背景信息，揭示文章的主题；而结尾部分则是对主题进行总结或者提出一定的观点。
因此，仔细阅读这些部分，我们可以获得关于主旨的重要提示。
此外，我们还可以通过主题句来判断文章的主旨。
主题句是文章中对主题进行概括的句子，通常出现在段落的开头或结尾。
关注这些句子可以帮助我们更好地把握文章的主旨。
另外，我们还可以尝试根据选项的排除法来解答主旨题。
主旨题的选项通常包括与文章内容相关的信息，我们可以通过排除那些与文章内容不符的选项，来找到正确的答案。
最后，记住主旨题的答案通常是对文章的总体概括，而不是针对某个细节的描述。
我们需要通过综合考虑文章的各个方面，确定最适合的选项。
综上所述，解答阅读理解主旨题时，我们可以通过寻找开头和结尾的线索，关注主题句以及运用排除法等技巧来提高准确率。
最重要的是，要全面理解文章，把握文章的整体脉络，从而确定最恰当的主旨选项。
通过运用这些解题技巧，相信大家在解答阅读理解主旨题时能够更加准确地找到文章的主旨，并提高解题效率。
希望以上内容对您有所帮助。
阅读理解专项——主旨大意题课件-2023届高三英语二轮复习
plastic products. 主题句 概括了本文的主要内容
故选D. Ocean Plastics Transformed into Sculptures 海洋塑料转化为雕塑
At the beginning of the year, the artist built a piece called “Strawpocalypse,”…
3. 段落主旨类试题常见的题干形式
(1) The main idea of the second paragraph probably is that . (2) What is the last paragraph chiefly concerned with? (3) Which of the following can best summarize Paragraph one? (4) What’s the main idea discussed in the first paragraph?
可知，独自用餐正慢慢成为一种趋势。
That freedom to choose is one reason more people like to eat alone. There was a time when people may have felt awkward about asking for a table for one, but those days are over. Now, we have our smartphones to keep us company at the table. “It doesn’t feel as alone as it may have before all the advances in technology,” said Laurie Demeritt, whose company provided the statistics for the
专题训练1-阅读理解之主旨大意类
专题三
主旨大意类
设问方式
1.主题型主旨归纳题 The main idea (central idea) of the passage is... The passage is mainly about... The passage mainly discusses...
The passage is concerned primarily about...
B. Ways of Serving Dinner C. Effects of Self-Consciousness
D. Is Your Home Environment Relaxing?
剖析:A 标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了墙壁的颜色、房间的亮度、吃饭的速 度以及吃饭时使用的器皿大小等都与一个人的身材有关。因此A项“你的房 子正让你发胖吗?”最适合做文章标题。B项“提供正餐的方式”,C项 “自 我意识的作用”,D项“你家的环境令人放松吗?”,均与本文的主题不符。
答案及剖析:
1.C 推理判断题。第一段的开头部分讲了群体锻炼是增进身体健康最 有效的方式之一(B项内容),而且群体锻炼具有挑战性(A项内容),后面 也提到共同的目标能激励参与者努力锻炼(D项内容),但是这些都是指 群体锻炼对身体健康的益处。由第一段中的关键词语However(表转 折),not only...but...以及Additionally后的内容可知,本段的重点 是but后面的内容,即群体锻炼对于心理健康很有好处。故选C项。
different ways around the world
标题:Coffee Around the World 注意,做此类题时,要避免下列三种错误:
(1)概括不够(多表现为部分替代整体,从而导致范围太小);
中考英语阅读理解主旨大意题50题
中考英语阅读理解主旨大意题50题1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. To introduce a famous person.B. To describe a beautiful place.C. To tell a funny story.D. To explain a scientific concept.答案：B。
解析：文章主要内容是对一个美丽地方的描述，A 选项介绍一个名人不符合文章主旨，C 选项讲一个有趣的故事也不恰当，D 选项解释一个科学概念在文章中未体现。
2. The passage is mainly about _.A. a kind of animalB. a special eventC. a popular gameD. a traditional festival答案：D。
解析：文章围绕一个传统节日展开，A 选项一种动物不是文章重点，B 选项一个特殊事件与文章不符，C 选项一个流行游戏也不是文章主要内容。
3. What can we know from the passage?A. The main character is very brave.B. The story happened in a modern city.C. The weather is very good in the story.D. The ending of the story is very sad.答案：A。
解析：文章中能明确体现出主角很勇敢，B 选项故事发生在现代城市文章未提及，C 选项天气情况文章未描述，D 选项故事结局悲伤文章也未体现。
4. The main purpose of the passage is _.A. to teach people how to do somethingB. to make people laughC. to give information about somethingD. to persuade people to do something答案：C。
五年级阅读《主旨题专项训练》
记得我们初一早起，换上新衣新鞋，先拜祖宗——我们家不供神佛——供桌上只 有祖宗牌位、香、烛和祭品，这一桌酒菜就是我们新年的午餐——然后给父母亲等长 辈拜年，我拿到的红纸包里的压岁钱，我都请母亲替我收起。
最有趣的还是从各个农村来耍“花会”的了，演员们都是各个村落里冬闲的农民 ，节目大多是“跑旱船”和“王大娘锔大缸”之类，演女角的都是村里的年轻人，搽 着很厚的脂粉。鼓乐前导，后面就簇拥着许多小孩子。到我家门首，自然就围上一大 群人，于是他们就穿走演唱了起来，有乐器伴奏，歌曲大都滑稽可笑，引得大家笑声 不断。耍完了，我们就拿烟、酒、点心慰劳他们。这个村的花会刚走，那个村的又来 了，最先来到的自然是离我们最近的金钩寨的花会！
三十年后的我漫步在仓颉公园，折一根柳条做成柳笛，怎么吹，也 找不回童年的感觉，倒是迎风盛开的那些花和蹦蹦跳跳的孩子们令人对 未来充满希望。
1.短文的最后一个自然段表达了作者怎样的思想感情?（2分）
①表达了作者对童年的留恋。
，
②对童年生活的无限向往之情。
。
《童年的春节》
我童年生活中，不光是海边山上孤单寂寞的独往独来，也有热闹得锣鼓喧天的时 候，那便是从前的“新年”，现在叫“春节”的。
课测—《童年的春节》
街上大多是灯铺。我家门口的“万兴桶石店”，平时除了卖各种红漆金边的伴嫁用 的大小桶子之外，就兼卖各种的灯。那就不是孩子们举着玩的灯笼了，而是上面画 着精细的花鸟人物的大玻璃灯、纱灯、料丝灯、牛角灯等等，元宵之夜，都点了起 来，真是“花市灯如昼”，游人如织，欢笑满街！
元宵过后，一年一度的光彩辉煌的日子，就完结了。当大人们让我们把许多玩 够了的灯笼，放在一起烧了之后，说：
高中英语阅读理解之主旨题(思维导图+练习含答案)
阅读理解之主旨题（解析版）主旨大意题考查的是考生对文章内容的深层次理解，它要求考生在充分理解全文的前提下，对整篇文章的主旨大意有一个较为清晰的印象。
主旨大意题分为标题类和主题类。
主旨大意题是阅读理解中考生失分最多的题目，因为该类试题不仅考查考生略读文章、领会大意的能力，也对考生的归纳、概括能力提出了较高的要求。
文章中没有明显的解题依据，需要考生从文章中提炼、抽取一些关键词、主干句进行加工概括，才能归纳出文章的主旨。
此类题目可分为三大类，即标题归纳题、文章大意题和段落大意题。
要做好主旨大意题，我们首先必须了解其正确选项和干扰选项的特征。
正确选项特征干扰选项特征1.涵盖性强，覆盖全文或全段。
2.确定的范围恰当，既不太大，也不太小。
3.精确性强，不会改变语言表意的程度及色彩。
1.过于笼统，不知所云所给选项内容概括的范围过大，超出文章所述内容。
2.以偏概全，主次不分所给选项只阐述了文章的一部分内容，或以文章中的细节信息或个别词作为选项的设置内容，或以次要的事实或细节充当全文的主要观点。
3.移花接木，偷换概念所给选项被命题者有意识地把本属于A的内容放在B上，若不留神，极易选错答案。
4.无中生有，生搬硬套所给选项的关键词语虽然在文章中谈到了，但经过仔细阅读分析之后，发现选项的内容与文章的内容毫无联系。
类型一标题归纳题一、提问方式·The best title of the passage is ________.·Which of the following is the best title of the passage?·What would be the best title for the passage?·The most appropriate title of the passage is ______.二、解题必备知能(一)理解标题的3大特点一个好的标题应具备三大特点：1．概括性——准确而又简短；2．针对性——标题外延正好与文章内容相符；3．醒目性——能引发读者的阅读欲望。
中考记叙文阅读考点六——理解文章主旨(练习+答案)
记叙文阅读考点六理解文章主旨在文学作品中，作者通过写人叙事状物所表达出来的某种观点、认识或情感即为文章主旨。
归纳文章主旨最基本的要求是从整体上把握全文，要能对所给材料做宏观上的把握，做到对整篇文章了然于胸。
这样才能把握文意，领会作者的写作目的和意图。
▲命题形式1.请概括本文主旨。
（本文表达了怎样的主题？)2.谈一谈对本文主旨的理解。
▲解题思路优秀的文学作品，总是避开直接表述中心思想。
它往往言在此而意在彼，或是通过相关人物的描写、相关事件的叙述来隐晦地、含蓄地表达文章的主旨。
因此把握文章主旨，必须立足于文章的整体去思考、探究，掌握整体和部分之间的有机联系，在抓住本质的基础上进行精确概括。
概括文章主旨一般可采用以下几种方法：1.从文章标题入手。
有的文章题目能概括中心，体现文章的主要内容；有的文章标题能直接揭示中心思想。
2.从分析文章开头、结尾入手。
有的文章开篇即点明或揭示中心；有的文章在结尾处点明主题或深化中心。
3.从分析文章议论、抒情句入手。
文章的有些议论、抒情句往往有画龙点睛的作用，直接揭示文章主旨。
4.从概括段意或人物事件人手。
概括出各段意后，再把意思相关的段意综合到一起，写人的记叙文中，人物的性格品质往往就是文章的中心，叙事的记叙文，事件的社会意义通常就是文章的中心。
5.从分析文章的背景入手。
根据文中事件、人物是在什么背景下产生的、活动的，根据作者的写作意图，紧密结合事件的时代背景和环境情况进行分析。
▲答题格式本文通过记叙/描写/刻画……的故事/景物/形象，表达/反映/揭示/赞美了……思想/精神/性格/特点/道理，抒发了作者……的感情。
零点降生的女孩我的家乡有一种说法，凡是在子夜零点降生的女孩都是十分幸运的，将来一定会出人头地，业有所成。
村子里就有一个零点降生的女孩，她家境优裕，工作顺利，婚恋幸福，是全村女孩子美慕的对象。
人们一说起她，就要谈到她的零点降生之兆。
她成了大家心目中零点降生幸运儿的有力例证。
阅读理解之怎样做题主旨大意题
阅读理解之怎样做题：主旨大意题——看首位，高屋建瓴一、题型解读及思维导向主旨大意题是高考阅读理解中常考的题型之一，主要考查考生把握全文主题和理解中心思想的能力。
通常以概括文章或段落大意以及选择标题等形式出现。
主旨大意题是阅读理解题中的高难度题，能够拉开考生的分数差距，所以此类题目在高考试题中具有很好的选拔作用，属于能力型题目。
主旨大意题一般分为三类，即标题归纳类、文章大意类和段落大意类。
二、命题区间及读文关注点1．文首、段首、段尾句一般来说，阅读文章中第一段首句往往是强开弱收型文章中心思想的表达处；第二段首句或第一段尾句往往是转开弱收型文章的主题句所在；而有时每段的段首句、段尾句是该段的段落主题句。
因此，解答主旨大意题时要对这些地方多加关注。
2．转折信息点处尤其是段首的语义转折处，常是考点。
因为转折后面的内容往往是作者真实的基本观点或写作目的，而这又是文章中心思想的所在。
3．因果结论信息点处因果结论句也可以表现出作者的写作目的、观点或文章的主题，因此要特别关注。
表示因果关系的常用词汇有：reason, because, since, for, as, therefore, consequently, result in, due to, based on等，有时作者也通过先提出问题(why ...)而后给予回答的方式阐释文章主题。
4．文尾结论句弱开强收型文章有明确的全文结论句，作者在文尾给出文章鲜明的观点和主题，因此这类文章的文尾是我们把握文章主题的必读之处。
三、考题定向及设问方式解答主旨大意题时要抓住文章的首尾段和每一段的首尾句，要注意贯穿文章始终的词语。
1．标题归纳类主旨大意题的主要设题形式What is the best title for this passage?Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?The title that best expresses the idea of the passage is ________.The most suitable title of this passage is ________.What would be the most suitable title for the text?The suitable title of the passage may be ________.2．文章大意类主旨大意题的主要设题形式The main purpose of the article is to show that ________.What is the main idea of the passage?The writer of the passage wants to tell us that ________.The passage is mainly about ________.Which of the following can best summarize the passage?What is the subject discussed in the passage?What does the passage mainly deal with?3．段落大意类主旨大意题的主要设题形式The main idea of the second paragraph is probably that ________.What is the last paragraph chiefly concerned with?What does the writer try to express in Paragraph 3?Which of the following can best summarize Paragraph 1?What is the main idea discussed in Paragraph 2?四、解题技巧及选项特征在解答这类题目时，一般采用通篇略读法，即对全文通篇速读，舍弃无关紧要的细节，全力捕捉全文中心思想。
高考英语阅读理解主旨大意题
高考阅读理解主旨大意题专项主旨大意题通常涉及概括中心大意、揭示主题、选择标题判断作者写作意图等形式。
1.The main idea of the passage is that __________.2.The passage is mainly about __________.3.The best title of the passage is __________.4.From the passage we can learn/ conclude that __________.5.The topic/ subject discussed in the passage is __________.6.Which is the best title of this passage?7.What’s the main idea of the passage?8.What’s the purpose of__________?实战演练A(全国I)Along the river banks of the Amazon and the Orinoco there lives a bird that swims before it can fly, flies like a fat chicken, eats green leaves, has the stomach of a cow and has claws (爪) on its wings when young. They build their homes about 4.6m above the river, an important feature (特征) for the safety of the young. It is called the hoatzin.In appearance, the birds of both sexes look very much alike with brown on the back and cream and red on the underside. The head is small, with a large set of feathers on the top, bright red eyes, and blue skin. Its nearest relatives are the common birds, cuckoos. Its most striking feature, though, is only found in the young.Baby hoatzins have a claw on the leading edge of each wing and another at the end of each wing tip. Using these four claws, together with the beak (喙), they can climb about in the bushes, looking very much like primitive birds must have done. When the young hoatzins have learned to fly, they lose their claws.During the drier months between December and March hoatzins fly about the forest in groups of 20 to 30 birds, but in April, when the rainy season begins, they collect together in smaller living units of two to seven birds for producing purposes.1. What is the text mainly about?A. Hoatzins in dry and rainy seasons.B. The relatives and enemies of hoatzins.C. Primitive birds and hoatzins of the Amazon.D. The appearance and living habits of hoatzins.2. Young hoatzins are different from their parents in that_________ ．A. they look like young cuckoosB. they have claws on the wingsC. they eat a lot like a cowD. they live on river banks3. What can we infer about primitive birds from the text?A. They had claws to help them climb.B. They could fly long distances.C. They had four wings like hoatzins.D. They had a head with long feathers on the top.4. Why do hoatzins collect together in smaller groups when the rainy season comes?A. To find more food.B. To protect themselves better.C. To keep themselves warm.D. To produce their young.B(全国卷I )Science can't explain the power of pets, but many studies have shown that the company of pets can help lower blood pressure (血压) and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack, reduce loneliness and spread all-round good cheer.Any owner will tall you how much joy a pet brings. For some, an animal provides more comfort than a husband/wife. A 2002 study by Karen Allen of the State University of New York measured stress (紧张) levels and blood pressure in people - half of them pet owners –while they performed 5 minutes of mental arithmetic (算术) or held a hand in ice water. Subjects completed the tasks alone, with a husband/wife, a close friend or with a pet. People with pets did it best .Those testedwith their animal friends had smaller change in blood pressure and returned. Most quickly to baseline heart rates .With pets in the room, people also made fewer math mistakes. Than when doing in front of other companions. It seems people feel more released (放松)around Pets, says Allen, who thinks it may be because pets don’t judge.A study reported last fall suggests that having a pet dog not only raises your spirits but may also have an effect on your eating habits. Researchers at Northwestern Memorial Hospital spent a Year studying 36 fat people and were put on a diet-and-exercise programs; a separate group of 56 fat people without pets were put on a diet program. On average，people lost about 11 pounds，Or 5% of their body weight .Their dogs did even better，losing an average of 12 pounds，more then 15%of their body weight .Dog owners didn’t lose any more weight than those without dogs but ,say Researchers，got more exercise overall –mostly with their dogs –and found it worth doing.1．What does the text mainly discuss?A. What pets bring to their ownersB. How pets help people calm downC. people’s opinions of keeping petsD. Pet’s value in medical research2．We learn from the text that a person with heart disease has a better chance of getting well if____________A. he has a pet companionB. he has less stress of workC. he often dose mental arithmeticD. he is taken care of by his family3．According to Allen, why did the people do better with pets around when facing stressful tasks?A. They have lower blood pressure.B. They become more patient.C. They are less nervous.D. They are in higher spirits.4．The research mentioned in the last paragraph reports that __________.A. people with dogs did more exerciseB. dogs lost the same weight as people didC. dogs liked exercise much more than people didD. people without dogs found the program unhelpfulC(天津)To err is human. To blame the other guy is even more human.Common sense is not all that common.Why tell the truth when you can come up with a good excuse?These three popular misquotes(戏谑的引语)are meant to be jokes, and yet they tell us a lot about human nature .To err, or to make mistakes, is indeed a part of being human, but it seems that most people don’t want to accept the responsibili ty for the problem. Perhaps it is the natural thing to do .The original quote about human nature went like this:” To err is human, to forgive, divine(神圣的).”This saying mirrors an i deal people should be forgiving of others’ mistakes. Instead, we tend to do the opposite –find someone else to pass the blame on to. However, taking responsibility for something that went wrong is a mark of great maturity.Common sense is what we call clear thought. Having common sense means having a good general plan that will make things work well, and it also means staying with the plan. Commonsense tells you that you take an umbrella out into a rainstorm, but you leave the umbrella home when you hear a weather forecast for sunshine．Common sense does not seem to be common for large organizations, because there are so many things going on that one person cannot be in charge of everything. People say that in a large company,” the right hand does not know what the left hand is doing.”And what is wrong with a society that thinks that making up a good excuse is like creating a work of art? One of the common problems with making excuses is that people, especially young people. Get the idea that it’s okay not to be totally honest all the time. There is a corollary(直接推论)to that: if good excuse is “good” even if it isn’t honest, then where is the place of the truth?1. According to the passage, which of following seems the most human?A. To search for truth．B. To achieve one’s idealC. To make fun of others’ mistakes．D. To criticize others for one’s own error. 2．According to the author, what is a sign of a man’s mat urity?A. Doing things his own way.B. Bearing responsibility for his mistakes.C. Making as few mistakes as possible．D. Thinking seriously about his wrongdoing.3．Which of the following is NOT based on common sense?A. A man tries to take charge of everything in a large company.B. A student goes out with an umbrella in stormy weather.C. A company’s next move follows a good plan．D. A lawyer acts on fine judgments．4. What is the author’s opinion about a good excuse?A. Making a good excuse is sometimes a better policy.B. Inventing a good excuse needs creative ideas.C. A good excuse is as rewarding as honesty.D. Bitter truth is better than a good excuse.5. What would be the best title for his passage?A. A Mirror of Human NatureB. To Blame or to ForgiveC. A Mark of MaturityD. Truth or ExcuseD(重庆)Sitting on the peaceful coast of the Galapagos Islands. Ecuador , watching the sun move quietly into the sea, you shouldn’t forget the Charles Darwin (1809 – 1882) arrived here in 1835. He stayed on the islands for five weeks, observing various animals. This finally inspired(启发) his famous work, On the Origin of Species. You can certainly follow Darwin’s footsteps and enjoy a trip from four to seven days to theislands.The islands are certainly a paradise (天堂) for wildlife, as there are no natural killers on the islands and the number of boats and visitors is under government control. Though you cannot walk freely as Darwin die hour 200 years ago ,each day is as impressive as it could be.The most well crown animal of the Galapagos is the giant tortoise ( 巨型陆龟),which can be seen moving slowly around the highlands of Santa Cruz, the second largest island in the archipelago(群岛). Some of these creatures are so old that they might have been seen in their youth by Darwin himself.Despite strict control over activities and timing, you stay on the Galapagos will be remembered as a chain of incomparable pictures; diving with sea how that swim and play within inches of you; feeling small sharks touch you feet as you swim and ,most magically , seeing a with and her baby surface with great breath of air.Traveling between the islands and observing the wildlife that so inspired Darwin, you will fell as though you are getting a special view of an untouched world .At night you will sleep on board the ship , leaving the wildlife in complete occupation of the islands, which are as undisturbed now as they have been since the beginning of time.1. What do we know about Darwin’s visit to the islands?A. He studied different creatures on the islands.B. He completed his famous book on the islands.C. He was touched by the geography of the islands.D. He was attracted by well-known animals of the islands.2. Which of the following plays a role in making the islands “a paradise for wildlife”?A. Animals on the islands feed on grass.B. Local government forbids killing wildlife.C. People cannot visit the islands as they wish.D. Tourists are not allowed to torch the animals.3．Your stay on the islands will be most impressive mainly because of .A. the beautiful sea viewsB. Darwin’s inspiring tripC．a closer view of animals D. various daring activities4．Which of the following would be the best title for the passage?A. A Unique Attraction for Wildlife LoversB. Galapagos as a Paradise for AdventurersC. Charles Darwin as a Symbol of GalapagosD. A Successful Example of Wildlife ProtectionE(重庆)Humans are naturally drawn to other life forms and the worlds outside of our own. We take delight in the existence of creatures and even whole societies beyond our everyday lives.This sense of wonder is universal look at the efforts that scientists have made to find out whether life of some kind exists on Mars, and the popularity of fantasy(幻想) literature or movies like The lord of the Rings, This sense of wonder draws us to each other, to the world around us, and to the world of make-believe. But have we gone to far in creating worlds of fantasy that we are missing the pleasure of other worlds that already exist all around us?Human beings, as biologists have suggested, possess an inborn desire to connect with and understand other life forms, however, people, especially in big cities, often lead rather isolated lives. In a study of British schoolchildren, it was found that children by age eight were much more familiar with characters for television shows and video games than with common wildlife. Without modern technology, a small pond could be an amazing world filled with strange and beautiful plants, insects, birds, and animals. When we lack meaningful interaction (交互) with the world around us, and sometimes even with our families and friends , we seek to understand and communicate with things that exist only in our imaginations or on a computer screen The world of make-believe is not necessarily bad, But when the world of fantasy becomes the only outlet (出路) our sense of wonder, then we are really missing something, We are missing a connection with the living world. Otherwonderful wonderful worlds exist all around us. But even more interesting is that if we look closely enough, we can see that these worlds, in a broad sense, are really part of our own.1. The popularity of The Lord of the Rings proves ___ .A. the close connection between man and the fantasy worldB. the wonderful achievements of fantasy literatureC. the fine taste of moviegoers around the worldD. the general existence of the sense of curiosity2. What can we infer from the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3?A. People are far less familiar with the world of fantasy.B. The world around us could serve as a sound of wonder.C. The world of fantasy can be mirrored by a small and lively pond.D. Modern technology prevents us from developing our sense of wonder.3. If our sense of wonder relies totally on the world of make-believe. We will______.A. fail to appreciate the joy in our livesB. be confused by the world of make-believeC. miss the chance to recognize the fantasy worldD. be trapped by other worlds existing all around us4. What is the main purpose of the passage?A. To show us the hidden beauty in our world.B. To warn us not to get lost in the fantasy wonderC. To argue against the misuse of the sense of wonderD. To discuss the influence of the world of make-believe。
高中阅读理解——主旨题解题技巧
阅读理解——主旨题解题技巧主旨大意题是高考英语阅读理解中常见命题形式。
主要考查学生把握全文主旨和理解文章中心思想的能力。
主旨大意题包括选择最佳标题（title），概括文章大意、段落大意和判断作者的写作目的（purpose）等。
常见的命题形式是：What does the passage/author mainly discuss?What is the first/second paragraph mainly about?What is the main idea of the text?What is the text mainly about?What is the best title for the text?What can be a suitable title for the text?What's the purpose of the passage?一、最佳标题方法：1、中心句法：根据文章中心句，提炼主题词充当文章标题。
2、当文章的写作对象特点较多时，常用写作对象的名称充当文章的标题。
3、将文章的写作对象和其主要特点、意义或影响整合充当文章的标题。
标题的特点：概括性：抽象、准确、简短，常用一个短语或一句话。
针对性：标题外延恰当，与文章内容相符，避免以偏概全。
醒目性：新颖奇特，激发读者的阅读兴趣。
注意排除标题干扰项：(1)片面性：概括不够。
所给选项只概括了文章的一部分内容，或以文章中的细节或个别字词作为选项，或以次要信息作为标题。
(2)过于笼统或过渡概括：所给选项概括的范围过大，超出文章所述内容。
2018课标全国ⅡD篇We ‘ve all been there: in a lift, in line at the bank or on an airplane, surrounded by people who are, like us, deeply focused on their smartphones or, worse, struggling with the uncomfortable silence.What ‘s the problem? It ‘s possible that we all have compromised conversational intelligence. It ‘s more likely that none of us start a conversation because it’s awkward and challenging, or we think it’s annoying and unnecessary. But the next time you find yourself among strangers, consider that small talk is worth the trouble. Experts say it’s an invaluable social practice that results in big benefits.Dismissing small talk as unimportant is easy, but we can’t forget that deep relationships wouldn’t even exist if it weren’t for casual conversation. Small talk is the grease(润滑剂)for social communication, says Bernardo Carducci, director of the Shyness Research Institute at Indiana University Southeast.“Almost every great love story and each big business dealbegins with small talk,”he explains. “The key to successful small talk is learning how to connect with others, not just communicate with them.”In a 2014 study, Elizabeth Dunn, associate professor of psychology at UBC, invited people on their way into a coffee shop. One group was asked to seek out an interaction(互动)with its waiter; the other, to speak only when necessary. The results showed that those who chatted with their server reported significantly higher positive feelings and a better coffee shop experience.“It’s not that talking to the waiter is better than talking to your husband,”says Dunn.“But interactions with peripheral(边缘的)members of our social network matter for our well-being also.”Dunn believes that people who reach out to strangers feel a significantly greater sense of belonging, a bond with others. Carducci believes developing such a sense of belonging starts with small talk.“Small talk is the basis of good manners,”he says.35.What is the best title for the text?A.Conversation CountsB.Ways of Making Small TalkC.Benefits of Small TalkD.Uncomfortable Silence解析：中心句法。
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better set which is “just right for you” It
costs ＄395. This sales method is called “bait
and switch”. Buyers are baited with a sales
2). 文章标题型(topic 或 title) The best title for the passage might be…
3). 写作目的型(purpose) The passage is meant to …. The purpose of this 实用a文r档ticle is to …
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advertisement, and then they are switched to
another more expensive one. Buying things on
sale needs careful consideration of the goods
and the reason The paragraph
fcoorultdheb(edseaetlnaeti.ilt)led
_________.
A. Buying A TV Set (detail) B. A Selling Method (实d用文e档tail)
Tom studied four years at the University of Paris
hide his own weakness. So, it is foolish to
try to judge a per实用s文o档n only by his
3
If you were planning to buy a television
set, the following advertisement would certainly
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2
Often no one looks more guilty than
the innocent. On the other hand, nobody may look more innocent than a professi-
-onal criminal. And the man who knows “everything” may really only be trying to
studies have shown it is easy for
cigarette smokers to catch colds. Whether
you get an unimportant cold or terrible
killer, cancer, smoking is harmful. Is it
draw your attention: “Color TV. Only ＄79. Two
days sale. Hurry.” However, when you go to the
store ready to buy. You may discover that they
are sold out. But the shop assistant is quick to
No clear topic sentence没有明显的主题句
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.
1
Smoking cigarettes is harmful to your
health. Experiments show that cigarette
smoking can cause cancer. Besides，the
most serious and terrible disease(illness),
cancer, cigarette smoking also can cause
other health problems. For example, it can
give one a “smoker’s cough”. Finally,
and decided to leave before his graduation. He
transferred to the University of Berlin and
graduated with honors. Harvard Law School and,
later, Boston College provided him with an
1.主要内容型(main idea, mainly about) (1)弄清文章的大意, 关键是找到主题句。 (2)主题句的位置
type The position of the topic sentence
At the beginning文首 At the end 文末 In the middle 文中
excellent legal background. He is presently a
corporation lawyer in Miami, Florida.
The main idea of this paragraph is that ______.
A. Tom, who had studied at Paris Universities for
阅读理解之主旨大意题
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近几年广东省高考阅读理解主旨大意题:
年份 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
主旨题 3 2 1 1 1 3
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1). 主要内容型(main idea,mainly about) The main idea of the passage is… The passage is mainly about… Which of the following statements best expresses the main idea of the passage? What is the passage mainly about?