语法讲解:名词性从句
名词从句讲解
名词性从句一、定义:在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句二、名词性从句的功能:相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。
三、类型根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词性从句又可分为:1.主语从句2.宾语从句3.表语从句4.同位语从句四、特点:名词性从句的特点是从句都有关联词引导,从句的语序是陈述句语序。
五、连词(1)连接词:that /Whether/if:不充当从句的任何成分(2)连接代词:Who/whoever/Whom/whomever/whose /What/whatever /Which/whichever既起连接一个句子的作用,同时在从句担当主语、宾语,表语。
(3)连接副词:Why/where/when /how:既起连接作用,又在从句中作状语六、名词性从句引导词的用法:1.that无具体意思,在从句中也不充当任何语法成分,只起连接作用2.whether意为“是否”,在从句中不充当任何语法成分;引导及物动词的宾语从句时可与if互换;引导介词的宾语从句或引导主语、表语、同位语从句时,只用whether。
3. who意为“谁”,在从句中作主语。
4. whom意为“谁”,在从句中作宾语,但在口语中常用who代替whom。
5. whoever(=anyone who)意为“凡是……的人”,它的宾格形式是whomever (但在口语中常用whoever代替whomever)。
6. whose意为“谁的”,在从句中作定语。
7. what意为“什么”;whatever(=anything+that)意为“凡是……的物”。
what 和whatever都可在从句中作主语、表语、宾语。
8. which意为“哪一个;哪些”;whichever意为“无论哪一个都”。
which 和whichever都可在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。
9. where意为“在哪儿”,在从句中作地点状语;when意为“什么时候”,在从句中作时间状语;how意为“如何”,在从句中作方式状语;why意为“为什么”,在从句中作原因状语。
高中语法讲解—名词性从句
名词性从句1.从句的分类状语从句(分9种)从句主语从句名词性从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句2.说明:①名词性从句的功能相当于名词,根据其在句中充当的成份,有不同的叫法。
②引导名词性从句的词语主要有:a.从属连词that,无词义,不作句子成分;b.从属连词if,whether(是否)有词义,但不作句子成分;c.从属连词as if(=as though,似乎、好像)有词义,但不作句子成分;d.连接代词who,whoever,what,whatever,whom,whomever,which,whichever,how much,how many有词义,作成分;e.连接副词when,whenever,where,wherever,why,how,however,how often,how soon,how far,how long作句子成分。
③在名词性从句中,要用陈述语序。
【例】1.I don’t kno w where does he live.(false)I don’t know where he lives.(true) 我不知道他住在哪。
2.What life in the future will be like is unknown.(true)What will life in the future be is unknown.(false)④不可用no matter who,no matter what等引导名词性从句,只能引导状语从句。
一、主语从句1.定义:若处在主语的位置上是个句子,那么这个句子就叫做主语从句。
2.注意事项:a.在主语从句中,任何引导词都不可以省去。
【例】That her hair is turning grey worries her.b.在主语从句中,不用if,用whether。
【例】Whether he will come or not is not clear.(true)If he will or not is not clear.(false)c.主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
语法解析名词性从句
语法解析名词性从句一、概念说明名词性从句是从句的一种,它在句中的地位和作用相当于名词。
名词性从句可以充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语。
二、主语从句主语从句用来充当整个句子的主语。
示例:1. What she said is true.(主语从句作主语)2. Whether he will come is uncertain.(主语从句作主语)3. If it rains, we will stay at home.(主语从句作主语)三、宾语从句宾语从句用来充当及物动词或介词后面的宾语。
示例:1. She asked me what my name was.(宾语从句作宾语)2. I wonder if he is coming.(宾语从句作宾语)3. He told me where he lived.(宾语从句作宾语)四、表语从句表语从句用来充当系动词后面的表语。
示例:1. The important thing is that we keep trying.(表语从句作表语)2. His wish is that everyone be happy.(表语从句作表语)3. Her dream is to become a famous singer.(表语从句作表语)五、同位语从句同位语从句用来解释或说明名词的具体内容。
示例:1. The fact that he didn't study resulted in a poor grade.(同位语从句解释the fact)2. My understanding is that we need to work together.(同位语从句解释my understanding)3. The idea that she suggested is worth considering.(同位语从句解释the idea)六、关系代词引导的名词性从句关系代词引导的名词性从句在从句中充当成分的同时,引导词也在主句中充当成分。
名词性从句知识点
名词性从句知识点在英语语法中,名词性从句是一个重要且复杂的部分。
它在句子中起着名词的作用,包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
接下来,让我们逐一深入了解。
一、主语从句主语从句即在句子中充当主语的从句。
例如,“What he said is true”(他说的是真的。
)在这个句子中,“What he said”就是主语从句。
引导主语从句的连接词主要有三类:1、从属连词:that、whetherThat he will come is certain (他会来是肯定的。
)这里的“that”在从句中不充当成分,只起引导作用。
Whether she will go there is not decided (她是否会去那里还没决定。
)“whether”表示“是否”。
2、连接代词:what、who、which、whose、whatever、whichever、whoever 等What you need is more practice (你需要的是更多的练习。
)“what”在从句中充当宾语。
3、连接副词:when、where、why、how 等When the meeting will be held has not been announced (会议何时举行还未宣布。
)需要注意的是,主语从句后置时,常用 it 作形式主语,而将真正的主语从句放在后面。
例如:It is unknown whether he will come (他是否会来还不知道。
)二、宾语从句宾语从句在句中充当宾语。
比如,“I know that he is a student”(我知道他是个学生。
)“that he is a student”就是宾语从句。
引导宾语从句的连接词与主语从句类似:1、从属连词:that(在口语或非正式文体中常省略)、whether、ifHe said (that) he was busyI wonder if/whether he will come2、连接代词:what、who、which、whose、whatever、whichever、whoever 等She asked me what I was doing3、连接副词:when、where、why、how 等Could you tell me how I can get there?宾语从句的时态要根据主句的时态来变化。
英语语法与词汇详解 名词性从句
英语语法与词汇详解名词性从句一、什么是名词性从句?①在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。
②相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。
③名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
二、主语从句①作句子主语的从句叫主语从句。
②通常由从属连词that,whether, if和连接代词what, who, which, whatever, whoever以及连接副词how, when, where, why等词引导。
③that在句中无词义,只起连接作用,但不可省略④连接代词和连接副词在句中既保留自己的疑问含义,又起连接作用,在从句中充当从句的成分。
⑤例句:->What he wants to tell us is not clear.[他要跟我们说什么还不清楚。
]->Who will win the match is still unknown.[谁能赢得这场比赛还不得而知。
]->It is known to us how he became a writer.[我们都知道他是如何成为一名作家的。
]->Where the English evening will be held has not yet been announced.[英语晚会将在哪里举行,还没有宣布。
]为避免句子头重脚轻,常用it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末。
常用句型有:->It+be+名词+that从句->It+be+形容词+that从句->It+be+动词的过去分词+that从句->It+不及物动词+that从句三、宾语从句①用作宾语的从句叫宾语从句。
②引导宾语从句的关联词与引导主语从句和表语从句的关联词大致一样,在句中可以作谓语动词或介词及非谓语动词的宾语。
③由连接词that引导宾语从句时,that在句中不担任任何成分,在口语或非正式的文体中常被省去,但如从句是并列句时,第二个分句前的that不可省。
【英语知识点】名词性从句语法总结归纳
【英语知识点】名词性从句语法总结归纳名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子。
名词性从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
接下来分享名词性从句的语法,供参考。
1.主语从句通常由下列词引导:①从属连词that、whether等。
②连接代词what、who、which、whatever、whoever、whom、whichever等。
③连接副词how、when、where、why等。
that在句中无词义,只起连接作用;连接代词和连接副词都在句中既保留自己的疑问含义、又起连接作用,连接代词主要作主语,宾语,表语,定语等,连接副词在从句中作状语。
注:whom、who指人,what指物,whatever、whoever表示泛指意义。
2.有时为避免句子头重脚轻,常用形式主语it代替主语从句作形式主语放于句首,而把主语从句置于句末。
主语从句后的谓语动词一般用单数形式。
常用句型如下:(1)It be+名词+that从句:It's a great pity that they didn't getmarried.他们没能结婚,真是令人惋惜。
(2)It be+形容词+that从句:It's splendid that you passed yourexam.你通过考试了,真棒。
(3)It be+动词的过去分词+主语从句:It's said that he has been there many times.据说他去过那儿很多次。
(4)It+不及物动词+that 从句:It is suggested (requested, proposed, desired, etc.) that…。
1.宾语从句,是名词性从句的一种。
在主从复合句中充当宾语,位于及物动词、介词或复合谓语之后的从句称为宾语从句。
宾语从句分为三类:动词的宾语从句,介词的宾语从句和形容词的宾语从句。
2.宾语从句的引导词有三种:(1)以that引导的宾语从句:that引导的宾语从句一般都是由陈述句充当,引导词that没有实际意义,不在从句中作任何成分,that可以省略,而且从句成分齐全,句意完整。
高中英语语法-名词性从句精讲(共73张PPT)
Whoever wants the book may have it. I’ll do whatever I can to help him. Buy whichever is cheapest.
连接副词 when, where, how, why
when • When they will start is unknown yet. where • Where she has gone is a mystery. how • How this happened is not clear. why • Why he did that wasn’t quite unclear.
主语从句关联词 连词 that, whether 连接代词 what, who, whom, which 连接副词 when, where, how, why
连词 that, whether
只起连接作用 在从句中不充当任何句子成分
• That he will win is certain.
• It has been reported that sales of beef in China will increase.
宾语从句关联词 连词 that, whether; if 连接代词 what, who, whom, whose, which 连接副词 when, where, how, why
• I doubt _______ he will come soon. • I do not doubt _____ he will come soon. • Do you doubt _____ he will come soon?
• what surprised me was what he said.
名词性从句英语语法知识点汇总
名词性从句英语语法知识点汇总名词性从句是在句子中起名词作用的句子。
名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组,它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等。
下面就是小编给大家带来的名词性从句英语语法知识点汇总,希望大家喜欢!引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类:连接词:that,whether,if 不充当从句的任何成分)连接代词:what, whatever, who, whoever, whom,whose, which.连接副词:when, where, how, why不可省略的连词:1. 介词后的连词2. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
That she was chosen made us very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.比较:whether 与 if 均为"是否"的意思。
但在下列情况下,whether 不能被 if 取代:1. whether 引导主语从句并在句首2. 引导表语从句3. whether 从句作介词宾语4. 从句后有"or not"Whether he will come is not clear.大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末,用 it 充当形式主语。
It is not important who will go.It is still unknown which team will win the match.1)由从属连词 that 引导的从句叫做名词性 that-从句。
That 只起连接主句和从句的作用,在从句中不担任任何成分,本身也没有词义。
名词性 that- 从句在句中能充当主语、宾语、表语、同位语和形容词宾语,例如:主语:That he is still alive is sheer luck. 他还活着全靠运气。
宾语:John said that he was leaving for London on Wednesday. 约翰说他星期三要到伦敦去。
英语名词性从句讲解【完整版】
2、I asked him if he could do me a favor .
If与whether的区别:
1、If不能引导放于句首的主语从句,而whether可以。 2、引导表语从句用whether,不用if。 3、引导同位语从句用whether,不用if。 4、whether可以引导从句作介词的宾语,不用if 。 5、whether or not 连在一起可以,但if不可以。而 “whether-----or not = if -----or not”
同位语从句:
定义:在复合句中充当同位语的句子。 同位语从句用来对其前面的抽象名词进行解释说明,被解释说明的词和 同位语在逻辑上是主表关系。 同位语常见名词:fact, suggestion, advice, idea, decision, news, thought, hope, belief, truth, doubt, promise, possibility, truth, warning, message, reason, report, question,explanation, wish, problem等。 常见的连接词:that, whether, what, who, how, when, where等。 用法: The thought that I want to buy my mother a birthday gift makes me excited.that 引导的同位语从句,解释说明 thought,从句不缺成 分 There is some doubt whether he will come. whether 引导同位语从句,if 不能引导同位语从句 we haven’t made the decision where we are going to spend our vacation. 有时同位语从句可以不紧跟解释说明的名词后面。 The news is surprising that he won the match.
语法讲解_名词性从句
名词性从句名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同谓语从句。
一、连接词连接代词:that, what, who,which, whom,whose, whatever, whoever, whichever等连接副词:whether, how, why, when ,where, wherever等二、连接代词(除that外)和连接副词在名词性从句中都有词义,它们除了引导名词性从句外,还在从句中充当成分,即做主语、宾语、表语、定语和状语。
Who will go there is not important.Where she has gone hasn’t been known yet.I don’t know what I should do.He asked whose dictionary it was.Please tell me when we shall discuss our work plan.I have no idea how soon they are coming.要注意以下几点问题:1、连接代词‘that’的用法:在名词性从句中that 无词义,在从句中不充当任何句子成分,只起连接从句的作用,在宾语从句中,that在口语中可以省略。
但在引导主语从句时不能省略。
That he was chosen made us very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.The truth is that he is the best in his class.He said (that) he would see me the next week.2、引导宾语从句的that可省略,但及物动词后有两个宾语时,可省略第一个that, 不省略第二个that;如有形式宾语时,连接真正宾语的that 不能省略。
They made it a rule that they got up at six every day.3、由连词that引导的名词从句很少做介词的宾语,只在except, but , besides介词后看到,其他一些介词的宾语从句如果由连词that 引导,需用it作形式宾语。
名词性从句语法总结
名词性从句语法总结名词性从句是在句子中充当名词成分的从句,它可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分。
名词性从句包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和定语从句。
在使用名词性从句时,需要注意从句的引导词和从句本身的语法结构。
下面对名词性从句的语法规则进行总结:1. 主语从句。
主语从句在句子中充当主语成分,常常由连接词 that, whether, if, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, why, how 等引导。
例如:What he said is true.(他说的是真的。
)。
Whether we can go camping depends on the weather.(我们能否去野营取决于天气。
)。
2. 宾语从句。
宾语从句在句子中充当宾语成分,常常由连接词 that, whether, if, who, whom, whose, what, which, when, where, why, how 等引导。
例如:I know who did it.(我知道是谁干的。
)。
She asked me where I was going.(她问我要去哪里。
)。
3. 表语从句。
表语从句在句子中充当表语成分,常常由连接词 that, whether, who, whom, whose, what, which 等引导。
例如:The problem is that we don't have enough time.(问题在于我们没有足够的时间。
)。
Her wish is that she can travel around the world.(她的愿望是能够环游世界。
)。
4. 定语从句。
定语从句在句子中充当定语成分,用来修饰某个名词或代词。
常常由连接词that, who, whom, whose, which, when, where 等引导。
名词性从句的语法解析
名词性从句的语法解析名词性从句是指在句中充当名词的成分的从句,可以作主语、宾语、表语、同位语等。
名词性从句的引导词有“从属连词”和“连接代词”两种。
一、主语从句主语从句在句中充当主语,常引导主语从句的连接词有“that”和“whether/if”。
其中,“that”在口语中常省略,而“whether/if”则一般用于句中有“or not”时。
例如:1. That he passed the exam is good news.(非正式:He passed the exam is good news.)2. Whether he will come to the party is still uncertain.(非正式:If he will come to the party is still uncertain.)二、宾语从句宾语从句在句中充当宾语,常引导宾语从句的连接词有“that”、“whether/if”、“what”和“who/whom”。
其中,“that”在口语中常省略。
例如:1. She said that she would go shopping later.(非正式:She said she would go shopping later.)2. I don't know whether/if he is coming to the party.(非正式:I don't know if he is coming to the party.)3. She asked me what I wanted for dinner.4. He asked who/whom I was talking to on the phone.三、表语从句表语从句在句中充当表语,常引导表语从句的连接词有“that”、“whether/if”和“what”。
例如:1. The important thing is that we are safe.(非正式:The important thing is we are safe.)2. The question is whether/if he will pass the exam.3. The problem is what we should do next.四、同位语从句同位语从句通常用来进一步解释说明某个名词或代词指代的内容,引导同位语从句的连接词有“that”、“whether/if”、“what”、“who/whom”等。
名词性从句语法总结
名词性从句语法总结名词性从句是复合句中的一种从句类型,其在句中担当名词的成分。
名词性从句可以在句中充当主语、宾语、表语或同位语等。
本文将对名词性从句的语法和使用进行总结。
名词性从句的种类:1. 主语从句:名词性从句作为句子的主语。
例句:What he said made me happy.(他说的话使我快乐。
)2. 宾语从句:名词性从句作为句子的宾语。
例句:I don't know what to do.(我不知道该做什么。
)3. 表语从句:名词性从句作为句子的表语。
例句:The important thing is that we try our best.(重要的是我们尽力。
)4. 同位语从句:名词性从句作为同位语修饰先行词。
例句:The fact that he passed the exam surprised me.(他通过考试的事实让我感到惊讶。
)名词性从句的引导词:名词性从句的引导词包括连接代词和连接副词。
常用的连接代词有:that, if, whether, who, whom, whose, which, what等;常用的连接副词有:when, where, why, how等。
不同的引导词在句中起到不同的作用,连接代词引导的名词性从句可以充当主语、宾语、表语和同位语,而连接副词引导的名词性从句通常只能充当宾语或表语。
名词性从句的语序:名词性从句的语序一般是陈述句的语序,即主语+谓语+宾语的顺序。
但是在宾语从句中,如果从句主语和主句宾语相同,可简化从句,只保留连接词和谓语,或者只保留谓语。
例如:I know I can do it.(我知道我能做到。
)名词性从句的时态和语气:名词性从句的时态可以根据上下文的需要和表示的意思来选择。
通常情况下,主句是现在时或将来时,名词性从句的时态也是现在时;主句是过去时,名词性从句的时态也是过去时。
名词性从句的语气可以是陈述语气、疑问语气或祈使语气,取决于引导词的关系代词形式和上下文的语境。
高考英语名词性从句语法知识点讲解
高考英语名词性从句语法知识点讲解主语从句宾语从句表语从句同位语从句作及物动词宾语作介词宾语that一般不省略可以省略一般不省略一般不省略一般不省略Whether/if(是否)放于句首时只用whether用whether/if均可,但有区别只用whether只用whether只用whether特殊疑问词注意语序要用陈述语序名词性关系从句注意语序要用陈述语序一、that 从句1、主语从句(1)that从句作主语时,常用it作形式主语,常见的句型有:It+be+形容词(obvious, true, natural,surprising,good,wonderful,funny,possible,likely,certai n,probable,etc.)+that从句It+be+名词词组(no wonder, an honor, a good thing, a pity, no surprise, etc.)+that从句It+be+过去分词(said, reported, thought, expected, decided, announced, arranged, etc.)+that从句(2)that可以省略,但that从句位于句首时,that不能省略。
2、宾语从句(1)常见的可以接that从句作宾语的动词有see, say, know, imagine, discover, believe, tell, show, think, consider, be sure, be afraid等。
在可以接复合宾语的动词之后,如think, make, consider等,可以用it作形式宾语。
(2)That从句一般不能充当介词宾语,偶尔可作except, in 的宾语。
3、表语从句(that不可省略)4、同位语从句连词that引导同位语从句时,应在某些抽象名词之后,如:fact, hope, desire, thought, suggestion, idea, news, problem, possibility等,对前面的名词起补充说明的作用,that在从句中不担当任何成分,不能省略。
名词性从句讲解
用,同时又担当从句中的一个成分。
Who will be the president has not been decided yet. (who引导主语从句的同时 担任从句的主语) He asked whom I borrowed the money form. (引导宾语从句的同时担任从句的宾语) Which team has won the game is not known yet.(引导主语从句的同时做从句 的定语) That is what he said to me.(引导表语从句 的同时做从句的宾语)
Note: what = the thing(s) that .....所……的…… what相当于一个“先行词+定语从句” What I want to buy(=The thing that I want to buy) is this. This is what I bought(=the thing that I bought). 它引起的从句可以在句中作下列成分: What he said is wrong! What is over is over. I cannot do what they ask of us. I could not express what I felt. He can’t give a description of what he had seen. I was not happy at what he had said. That’s what I hope. That’s what you should always keep in mind.
名词性从句
1.什么是名词: 名词 (Nouns)是词性的一种,也是实词的一种,是 指待人、物、事、时、地、情感、概念等实体或 抽象事物的词。名词可以分为专有名词(Proper Nouns)和普通名词 (Common Nouns),专有名 词是某个(些)人,地方,机构等专有的名称, 如Beijing,China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或 是一个抽象概念的名词,如:book,sadness等。 名词的作用: 名词在句中作主语, 宾语,介词宾语,宾语补足语,表语 以及名词短语作状语。
雅思阅读语法名词性从句
一
主语从句
No 东升求实学校教育通讯工作总结报告
Image Dongsheng Qiushi XueXiao Jiaoyu TongXun Gongzuo ZongJie
在复合句中充当主语的从句
1 that引导主语从句
that引导主语从句时不同于其他的连词;既无词义也不作成分;
只起单纯的连接作用;且通常不可以省; 为了强调that引导的主
The odds are that he will not do it
2表示某人的意见 信念等的实际内容; Our belief is that things will improve The trouble is that we are short of money
2 whether引导表语从句不可用if; His first question was whether Holmes had arrived yet The question is whether people will buy it
No 东升求实学校教育通讯工作总结报告
2 whether引导主语从句;意为是否;只起连接作用;不充当任何成分; 置于 Image Dongsheng Qiushi XueXiao Jiaoyu TongXun Gongzuo ZongJie 句首时必须用whether引导;置于句尾时;间或可用if; Whether he will win the game is not clear Whether he will come is uncertain Whether she comes or not doesn't concern me It is not clear whether/if he will come It was uncertain whether he would come
语法讲解:名词性从句
语法讲解:名词性从句语法讲解:名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词,可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
因此,名词性从句可分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。
一、引导名词性从句的连接词连接代词:who,whose, whom, what, which.有词义,在从句中担任成分,如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。
2. 连接副词:when, where, why, how.有词义,在从句中担任成分,作状语。
连接词:that, whether,if, as if.that 无词义,在从句中不担任成分,有时可省略;if (whether), as if虽有词义,但在从句中不担任成分。
注意:连接代词与连接副词在句中不再是疑问句,因而从句中谓语不用疑问式。
连接代词与连接副词在从句充当句子成分,连接词whether 和if(是否),as if (好像)在从句中不充当句子成分,只起连接作用。
根据句义,如果连接代词与连接副词,whether、if 和as if 都用不上时,才用that作连接词(that本身无任何含义)。
二、主语从句主语从句在复合句作主语。
g. Who will ga2. 用it作形式主语,主语从句放在句末。
g. It doesn‘t mauch wu willat引导主语从句时,不能省略。
g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.三、表语从句表语从句在复合句中作表语,位于系动词之后。
g. The question was who could g2. 引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。
g. My idea is (that)we can gadlw四、宾语从句宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。
引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。
g. I hope (that)everything is all rig2. 介词之后的宾语从句,不可用which或if连接,要分别用what或 wg. I'd in wu'vd the work……I'd in what you've saidwhether与if都可以引导宾语从句,常可互换。
名词性从句全面讲解
名词性从句全面讲解名词性从句是英语中的一种从属从句,它在句中充当名词的功能。
名词性从句可以在句子中作主语、宾语、表语和同位语等,并且可以由不同的引导词引导。
本文将全面讲解名词性从句的基本概念、用法及常见的引导词。
一、名词性从句的概念名词性从句是由一个词或一个词组引导的从句,它在句子中充当名词的角色。
名词性从句通常出现在复杂的句子中,起到连接主句和从句的作用。
名词性从句的引导词有很多种类,常见的有:that, whether, if, what, which, who, whom, whose, when, where, why等。
二、名词性从句的用法名词性从句可以在句子中作不同的成分,下面分别介绍其主要用法。
1. 名词性从句作主语名词性从句可以作为主语来引导句子,常用的引导词有:- That: That he is innocent surprises me.(他是无辜的让我吃惊。
)- Whether/If: Whether he will come or not is uncertain.(他是否会来还不确定。
)- What: What you said is true.(你说的是真的。
)2. 名词性从句作宾语名词性从句可以作为宾语来引导句子,常用的引导词有:- That: I know that he is a doctor.(我知道他是个医生。
)- Whether/If: I wonder whether/if it will rain tomorrow.(我想知道明天是否会下雨。
)- What: I don't understand what he is saying.(我不明白他在说什么。
)3. 名词性从句作表语名词性从句可以作为表语来引导句子,常用的引导词有:- That: The truth is that she is not happy.(事实是她不幸福。
)- Whether/If: The question is whether/if we should go or not.(问题是我们是否应该去。
语法:名词性从句
高考题选萃
1.____ has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. A. Who C. Anyone B. The one ☆ D. Whoever
back
主语从句一般有三种结构:
1. 主语从句+谓语 That she will win the match is certain. 2.It +be+形容词(名词词组、过去分词)+that从句 It is important that we teens should learn English. It is a good news that he will attend the meeting on behalf of our school. It is said that our school will hold a sports meeting 3. It +seems (happens,appears等不及物动词)+that从句 It seems that Katy is not coming to this party.
1. It worried her a bit _______ her hair was turning gray. A. while C. if B. that ★ D. for
it 作形式宾语
(1) make /find/ feel / consider / think it + adj / n + that… / to do… (2)it 指代后面从句所叙述的内容,常用 like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/make +it + if 或when从句 I hate it when people laugh at the disabled .
名词性从句导入语法讲解课件
03
名词性从句的句法功能
主语从句
主语从句在句子中充当主语成分,表达完整意义。
主语从句通常位于句子的开始位置,引导整句话的内容,表达完整的意义。主语 从句可以由连词、关系代词或关系副词引导,例如:When he comes back, we will have dinner.(时间状语从句引导的主语从句)
表语从句
表语从句在句子中充当表语成分,补充说明主语的性质、状 态或特征。
表语从句通常位于系动词之后,如be动词、感官动词等,用 于补充说明主语的性质、状态或特征。表语从句可以由连词 、关系代词或关系副词引导,例如:My idea is that we should start right away.(表语从句)
名词性从句的作用
表达复杂的概念或信息
修饰主句
名词性从句可以用来表达复杂的概念 或信息,使句子更加丰富和具体。
名词性从句可以用来修饰主句,使主 句的含义更加明确和具体。
连接句子
名词性从句可以用来连接两个句子, 使它们成为一个有机的整体。
02
引导名词性从句的关联词
that的用法
引导主语从句、宾语从句、表语 从句和同位语从句,在从句中不 充当任何成分,只起连接作用。
宾语从句
宾语从句在句子中充当宾语成分,完整呈现句子所表达的 对象或内容。
宾语从句通常位于及物动词或介词之后,完整呈现句子所 表达的对象或内容。宾语从句可以由连词、关系代词或关 系副词引导,例如:I don't know what he said.(宾语 从句)
同位语从句
同位语从句在句子中充当同位语成分,对名词或代词进行解释或补充说明。
同位语。
特点
具有名词的语法功能,可以独立存 在,也可以作为其他句子的成分。
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名词性从句名词性从句相当于名词,可分别作主句的主语、表语、宾语和同位语。
因此,名词性从句厅分为主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句和同位从句。
(一)引导名词性从句的连接词1、连接代词:who, whose, whom, what, which。
有词义,在从句中担任成分,如主语、表语、宾语、或定语等。
2、连接副词:when, where, why, how。
有词义,在从句中担任成分,作状语。
3、连接词:that, whether, if, as if。
that 无词义,在从句中不担任成分,有时可省略;if (whether), as if虽有词义,但在从句中不担任成分。
不可省略的连词:a. 介词后的连词b. 引导主语从句和同位语从句的连词不可省略。
That she was chosen made us very happy.We heard the news that our team had won.比较:whether与if 均为"是否"的意思。
但在下列情况下,whether 不能被if 取代:a. whether引导主语从句并在句首b. 引导表语从句c. whether从句作介词宾语d. 从句后有"or not" Whether he will come is not clear.大部分连接词引导的主语从句都可以置于句末,用it充当形式主语。
It is not important who will go.It is still unknown which team will win the match.(二)主语从句1、主语从句在复合句作主语。
e.g. Who will go is not important.2、用it作形式主语,主语从句放在句末。
e.g. It doesn’t matter so much whether you will come or not.用it作形式主语的that-从句有以下四种不同的搭配关系:a. It + be +形容词+ that-从句It is necessary that…有必要……It is important that…重要的是……It is obvious that…很明显……b. It + be + -ed 分词+ that-从句It is believed that…人们相信……It is known to all that…从所周知……It has been decided that…已决定……c. It + be +名词+ that-从句It is common knowledge that………是常识It is a surprise that…令人惊奇的是……It is a fact that…事实是……d. It +不及物动词+ that-分句It appears that…似乎……It happens that…碰巧……It occurred to me that…我突然想起……3、that引导主语从句时,不能省略。
e.g. That he suddenly fell ill last week made us surprised.注: 1)what = the thing which;whatever = anythingWhat you want has been sent here.Whatever you want makes no difference to me.2) who= the person that whoever= anyone who(错)Who breaks the law will be punished.(错)Whoever robbed the bank is not clear.(对)Whoever breaks the law will be punished.(对)Who robbed the bank is not clear.(三)表语从句1、表语从句在复合句中作表语,位于系动词之后。
e.g. The question was who could go there.2、引导表语从句的连接词that有时可省去。
e.g. My idea is (that) we can get more comrades to help in the work.(四)宾语从句1、宾语从句在复合句中作宾语。
引导宾语从句的连词that一般可省略。
e.g. I hope (that) everything is all right.2、介词之后的宾语从句,不可用which或if连接,要分别用what或whether。
e.g. I’m interested in whether you’ve finished the work..I’m interested in what you’ve said.3、whether与if都可以引导宾语从句,常可互换。
但下面情况不能互换。
①宾语从句是否定句时,只用if,不用whether。
e.g. I wonder if it doesn’t rain.②用if 会引起误解,就要用whether。
e.g. Please let me know whether you want to go.(此句如果把whether改成if,容易当成条件句理解)③宾语从句中的whether 与or not直接连用,就不能换成if;不直接连用,可换。
e.g. I don’t know whether or not the report is true.I don’t know whether/ if the report is true or not.④介词后的宾语从句要用whether引导。
whether 可与不定式连用。
whether也可引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句,还可引导让步状语从句,以上均不能换成if。
但引导条件从句时,只能用if,而不能用whether。
e.g. It depends on whether we have enough time.They don’t know whether to go there.Please come to see me if you have time.(五)同位语从句同位语从句在句中作某一名词的同位语,一般位于该名词(如:news, fact, idea, suggestion, promise等)之后,说明该名词的具体内容。
e.g. I have no idea when he will be back.The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody.否定转移:1) 将think, believe, suppose, expect, fancy, imagine等动词后面宾语从句的否定词转移到主句中,即主句的谓语动词用否定式,而从句的谓语动词用肯定式。
I don't think I know you.我想我并不认识你。
I don' t believe he will come.我相信他不回来。
注意:若谓语动词为hope,宾语从句中的否定词不能转移。
I hope you weren't ill. 我想你没有生病吧。
2) 将seem, appear 等后的从句的否定转移到前面。
It doesn't seem that they know where to go.看来他们不知道往哪去。
It doesn't appear that we'll have a sunny day tomorrow.看来我们明天不会碰上好天气。
3) 有时将动名词,介词短语或整个从句的否定转变为对谓语动词的否定。
I don't remember having ever seen such a man.我记得从未见过这样一个人。
(not否定动名词短语having…)It's not a place where anyone would expect to see strange characters on the street.在这里,人们不会想到在街上会碰上陌生的人。
(anyone 作主语,从句中的谓语动词不能用否定形式。
)4) 有时状语或状语从句中否定可以转移到谓语动词前。
The ant is not gathering this for itself alone.(否定状语)蚂蚁不只是为自己采食。
He was not ready to believe something just because Aristotle said so. (否定because状语) 他并不因亚里斯多德说过如何如何,就轻信此事。
She had not been married many weeks when that man's younger brother saw her and was struck by her beauty.(否定状语many weeks)她结婚还不到几个月,这个人的弟弟就看见她了,并对她的美貌着了迷。