冶金专业英语
冶金工程专业英语词汇
冶金工程专业英语词汇1. 冶金学冶金学是冶金工程专业的核心课程，主要讲授钢铁冶金和有色金属冶金过程的基本原理、工艺及装备，包括炼铁、炼钢、精炼、连铸、铝冶金、铜冶金、稀土冶金等内容。
中文英文冶金学metallurgy钢铁冶金iron and steel metallurgy有色金属冶金nonferrous metal metallurgy炼铁ironmaking炼钢steelmaking精炼refining连铸continuous casting铝冶金aluminum metallurgy铜冶金copper metallurgy稀土冶金rare earth metallurgy高炉blast furnace转炉converter电炉electric furnace真空精炼vacuum refining钢包ladle结晶器crystallizer铝电解槽aluminum electrolytic cell铜闪速熔炼copper flash smelting稀土萃取分离rare earth extraction and separation熔盐电解法molten salt electrolysis method冶炼产品smelting products生铁pig iron钢水molten steel铝锭aluminum ingot铜阳极泥copper anode slime稀土氧化物rare earth oxides冶炼渣smelting slag炉渣性质slag properties脱硫desulfurization脱磷dephosphorization脱氧deoxidation合金化alloying溅渣护炉splashing slag lining protection终点控制endpoint control中文英文出钢操作tapping operation凝固传热机制solidification heat transfer mechanism凝固结构与缺陷solidification structure and defects氧化还原反应oxidation-reduction reaction造渣反应与造渣制度slagging reaction and slagging system2. 冶金物理化学冶金物理化学是冶金工程专业的基础理论课程，主要讲授冶金过程中涉及的物理化学原理和方法，包括平衡与相图、溶液理论、电化学、表面与胶体化学、传递现象等内容。
冶金专业英语词汇（I）
冶金专业英语词汇（I）i bar 工字铁i beam 工字钢i iron 工字铁i steel 工字铁ice point 冰点ideal diameter 理想直径ideal fluid 理想铃ideal gas 理想气体ideal lattice 理想晶格ideal quenching 理想淬火ideal solution 理想溶液idiomorphic crystal 自形结晶idle roll 空转辊ignitability 可燃性igniter 点火器ignition 点火ignition alloy 发火合金ignition furnace 点火炉ignition loss 灼烧损失ignition point 着火点ignition temperature 着火温度ignitron 水银整淋ilmenite 钛铁矿ilmenorutile 黑金红石ilvaite 黑柱石immersed arc 埋弧immersion coating 浸镀immersion plating 浸入电镀immersion test 浸没试验immersion type thermocouple 浸入式热电偶immiscibility 不溶混性immovable bed 固定层impact 冲击impact bend test 冲讳曲试验impact extrusion 冲环压impact load 冲缓载impact resistance 冲昏力impact screen 冲桓impact sintering 冲徽结impact strength 冲豢度impact stress 冲沪力impact test 冲辉验impact test piece 冲辉件impact testing machine 冲辉验机impact toughness 冲煌性impact value 冲坏impeller agitator 桨叶式搅拌机imperfect combustion 不完全燃烧imperfect dislocation 不完全位错imperfection 缺陷impermeability 不渗透性impregnated skeleton 浸渍骨架impression 压痕impulse forming 脉冲成形impulse hardening 冲徊化impulsive load 冲缓载impurity 杂质impurity atom 杂质原子impurity element 杂质元素inactive gas 惰性气体incidental element 杂质元素incipient crack 初裂inclined grate 斜炉栅inclined roll straightening machine 斜辊矫直机inclined throat shears 斜口剪切机inclusion 夹杂物inclusion cleanliness 夹杂物清结度inclusion line 夹杂物线inclusion morphology 夹杂物形态学inclusion stringer 线状夹杂物inclusions floating 夹杂物浮游inclusions source 夹杂物源incoherent boundary 非共格边界incoherent precipitate 非共格沉淀incombustibility 不燃性incomplete annealing 局部退火incomplete austenitizing 部分奥氏体化incomplete combustion 不完全燃烧incomplete fusion 不完全焊透incomplete penetration 不完全焊透incomplete quenching 不完全淬火incompressibility 不可压缩性incompressible fluid 不可压缩铃inconel 因科内尔镍铬铁耐热耐蚀合金incubation period 孕育期incubation time 孕育时间indentation 压痕indentation hardness 压痕硬度indentation method 压痕法independent component 独立组分indianite 埃洛石indicator element 指示元素indicolite 蓝电气石indigolite 蓝电气石indirect analysis 间接分析indirect arc furnace 间接电弧炉indirect reduction 间接还原indirect sintering 间接烧结indirect spot welding 单面点焊indissolubility 不溶性indium 铟indium chloride 氯化铟individual drive 单独传动individual particle 单颗粒individually driven roller 单独传动辊induced draught 吸入通风induction 感应induction brazing 感应钎接induction coil 感应线圈induction furnace 感应炉induction hardening 高频率淬火induction heating 感应加热induction quenching 高频率淬火induction stirring 电磁搅拌induction welding 感应焊接induction welding mill 感应焊管机inductor 感应器industrial alloy 工业合金industrial furnace 工业炉industrial iron 工业铁industrial waste water 工业污水industrial water 工业用水inert arc welding 惰性气体保护电焊inert atmosphere 惰性气氛inert electrode 惰性电极inert gas 惰性气体inertia 惯性inertia moment 惯性矩inertial force 惯性力infection 腐蚀影响infeed accumulator 入口贮料坑infiltrated composite material 溶浸复合材料infiltration 渗透;溶浸infiltration alloy 溶浸合金infiltration by overlay 叠置熔浸infiltration material 熔浸材料infinite fiber 连续纤维inflammability 可燃性inflammation 发火inflection 弯曲inflexion 弯曲inflexion point 回折点infrared pyrometer 红外线高温计infrared radiation 红外线辐射infrared rays 红外线infrared thermometry 红外线测温infusibility 不熔性infusorial earth 硅藻土ingate 浇口ingot 钢锭ingot bleeding 漏钢ingot bogie 送锭车ingot buggy 送锭车ingot butt 钢锭尾部ingot carrier 送锭车ingot casting 铸锭ingot corner segregation 钢锭角偏析ingot dogs 夹锭钳ingot head 钢锭头部ingot mold 锭模ingot pit 均热炉ingot pouring 铸锭ingot pusher 钢锭推出机ingot scalping 钢锭扒皮ingot shell 锭壳ingot stool 底盘ingot stripper 脱模机ingot stripping 脱模ingot structure 钢锭组织ingot tilting device 翻锭机ingot tipper 翻锭机ingot tongs 夹锭钳ingot tumbler 翻锭机ingot turner 钢锭转盘ingot turning device 钢锭转盘ingot yard 钢锭堆场ingotism 师状巨晶ingotting 铸块inherent grain size 固有晶粒度inhibitor 抑制剂;抗氧化剂inhomogeneity 不均质性inhomogeneity of structure 组织不均匀性inhomogeneous system 非均匀系initial creep 初蠕变initial hardness 初始硬度initial permeability 起始磁导率initial section 初始轧断面initial temperature of rolling 初始轧制温度initiation of crack 裂化开始injection 喷射injection burner 喷射烧嘴injection metallurgy 喷吹冶金injection molding 射压造型injection nozzle 喷嘴injector 喷射器inlet guide 进口导板inlet pipe 进气管inlet roll cone 进口辊圆锥inlet valve 进气阀inner cover 内罩inoculant 变质孕育剂inoculant alloy 球化剂合金inoculated cast iron 孕育铸铁inoculation 变质处理inoperative pass 闭口式孔型inorganic salt 无机盐inred process inred 加速还原法insert 垫insert die 插入模inside flash 内焊瘤inside weld 内焊缝insolubility 不溶性insoluble anode 不溶性阳极insoluble residue 不溶残渣insoluble salt 不溶性盐inspection 检查inspection hole 检查孔inspection skid 检查台inspissation 蒸浓instability 不稳定性installation 设备instantaneous cooling rate 瞬时冷却速度instantaneous heating rate 瞬时加热速度instantaneous strain 瞬间应变instrumental analysis 仪浦析instrumental error 仪企差insulating brick 隔热砖insulating layer 绝缘层insulating material 绝缘材料insulating refractory 隔热耐火材料insulation 绝缘insulator 绝缘体intake valve 进气阀integral quantity 积分热力学量integrated iron and steel works 钢铁联合工厂intensity 强度intensive quantity 强度量intensive reduction process inred 加速还原法interaction 相互酌interaction parameter 相互酌参数interannealed wire 中间退火线材interatomic distance 原子间距离interatomic spacing 原子间距离interchangeability 互换性interchangeable converter 可换转炉interchangeable vessel 可换转炉intercommunicating porosity 连通孔隙度intercooler 中间冷却器intercritical annealing 临界区退火intercrystalline brittleness 晶间脆性intercrystalline corrosion 晶间腐蚀intercrystalline crack 晶间裂纹intercrystalline failure 晶间破裂intercrystalline fracture 晶间断裂intercrystalline slip 晶界滑动interdendritic attack 枝晶间腐蚀interdendritic segregation 枝晶间偏析interdiffusion 相互扩散interelectrode distance 电极间距离interface 界面interface reaction 界面反应interfacial energy 界面自由能interfacial friction 边界摩擦interfacial tension 界面张力interfacial zone 界面区interference 干涉interference microscopy 干涉显微方法intergranular corrosion 晶间腐蚀intergranular crack 晶间裂纹intergranular failure 晶间破裂intergranular fracture 晶间断裂;晶间断口intergranular oxidation 晶间氧化intergranular structure 晶间组织intergrowth of crystals 结晶共生interlamellar spacing 层间距intermediate annealing 中间退火intermediate compound 中间化合物intermediate group 中间轧机组intermediate heating 中间加热intermediate layer 中间层intermediate mill 中间轧机intermediate phase 中间相intermediate product 中间产物intermediate reaction 中间反应intermediate roll 中间辊intermediate softening 中间退火intermediate stand 中间机架intermediate table 中间辊道intermediate train 中间轧机组intermetallic compound 金属间化合物intermittent arc 断续电弧intermittent fillet welding 间歇式角焊intermittent seam welding 断续滚焊intermittent weld 间断焊缝intermittent welding 间断焊internal chill 内冷铁internal coat 内部涂覆internal crack 内裂internal defect 内部缺陷internal displacement 内部位移internal energy 内能internal friction 内摩擦internal oxidation 内部氧化internal pressure 内压力internal resistance 内电阻internal strain 内应变internal stress 内应力interparticle spacing 粒子间距interphase 中间相;界面interphase boundary 相间边界interplanar spacing 晶面间距interrupted aging 阶段时效interrupted cooling 断续冷却interrupted quenching 断续淬火interstage annealing 中间退火interstand space 机座间距离interstand tension 机座间张力interstice 晶格原子间隙interstitial 间隙原子interstitial atom 间隙原子interstitial diffusion 间隙扩散interstitial element 间隙元素interstitial impurity 间隙杂质interstitial phase 间隙相interstitial site 间隙位置interstitial solid solution 间隙固溶体interval 区间intracrystalline rupture 穿晶断裂intrinsic energy 内藏能量intrinsic stacking fault 内巽错introduction of dummy bar 引锭杆插入invar 因瓦合金invariant system 不变系inverse annealing 倒逆退火inverse chill 反白口inverse segregation 反偏析inverted extrusion 反挤压investment casting 熔模铸造;熔模铸件investment molding 蜡模造型investment pattern 蜡模iodide 碘化物iodide refining 碘化物精炼iodine 碘ion activity 离子活度ion association 离子缔合ion bombardment 离子轰击ion concentration 离子浓度ion density 离子密度ion exchange 离子交换ion exchange capacity 离子交换能力ion exchange chromatography 离子交换色层法ion exchange column 离子交换柱ion exchange method 离子交换法ion exchange reaction 离子交换反应ion exchange resin 离子交换尸ion exchange separation 离子交换分离ion exchanger 离子交换剂ion implantation 离子注入ion mobility 离子迁移率ion nitriding 离子氮化ion pair 离子偶ion product 离子积ion radius 离子半径ionic bond 离子键ionic compound 离子化合物ionic conduction 离子传导ionic conductivity 离子传导性ionic crystal 离子晶体ionic lattice 离子晶格ionic linkage 离子键ionic migration 离子迁移ionic theory 离子学说ionic valency 离子价ionite membrane 离子交换膜ionization 电离ionization constant 电离常数ionization energy 电离能ionization equilibrium 电离平衡ionization heat 电离热ionization potential 电离势ionization state 电离状态ionization voltage 电离电压ionized atmosphere 离子气氛ionized layer 电离层iridium 铱iridium oxide 氧化铱iridosmine 铱锇合金iron 铁iron and steel industry 黑色冶金iron and steel scrap 废钢铁iron carbide 碳化铁iron carbon alloy 铁碳合金iron carbon diagram 铁碳状态图iron carbonate ore 铁碳酸盐矿石iron constantan thermocouple 铁铜镍热电偶iron foundry 铸适厂iron glance 镜铁矿iron loss 铁氧化损失;铁损iron manufacture 炼铁iron meteorites 铁陨石iron mine 铁矿山iron notch 出铁口iron ore 铁矿石iron ore briquette 铁矿石团块iron ore concentrate 铁精矿iron ore prereduction 铁矿石预还原iron ore sinter 铁矿石烧结矿iron pattern 铁模iron pipe 铁管iron powder 铁粉iron powder electrode 铁粉焊条iron protoxide 氧化亚铁iron runner 龙沟iron rust 铁锈iron sand 铁砂iron shot 铁丸iron wire 铁丝iron yield 铁收得率ironing 展薄拉伸ironmaking 炼铁ironstone 铁矿石ironworks 钢铁冶金工厂irradiation creep 辐照蠕变irradiation damageing 辐照损伤irradiation defect 辐照缺陷irradiation embrittlement 辐照脆化irradiation hardening 辐照硬化irregular powder 不规则状粉irregular section 变截面型材irregularity 不规则性irreversibility 不可逆性irreversible adsorption 不可逆吸着irreversible change 不可逆变化irreversible process 不可逆过程irreversible reaction 不可逆反应irrigated precipitator 湿式电收尘器ishikawaite 铁铌钇矿isobar 等压线isobaric change 等压变化isobaric line 等压线isochoric process 等容过程isochronal annealing 等时退火isolation 隔离isolator 绝缘体isomer 异构体isomerism 异构性isomorphism 同晶型isopotential surface 等位面isostatic mold 等静压模isostatic pressing 等静压制isothermal 等温线isothermal annealing 等温退火isothermal bath 等温浴isothermal change 等温变化isothermal curve 等温线isothermal extrusion 等温挤压isothermal forging 等温锻造isothermal growth 等温生长isothermal hardening 等温淬火isothermal heat treatment 等温热处理isothermal process 等温过程isothermal quenching 等温淬火isothermal section 等温截面isothermal sintering 等温烧结isothermal tempering 等温回火isothermal transformation 等温转变isothermal transformation curve 等温转变曲线isotope 同位素isotopic indicator 同位素指示剂isotopic tracer 同位素指示剂isotropic body 蛤同性体isotropy 蛤同性ixiolite 锰钽矿izod test 艾氏冲辉验。
冶金专业英语词汇（Q-R）
冶金专业英语词汇(Q-R)q bop process 底吹氧气转炉炼钢法qt steel 凳钢quadrant iron 扇形钢材qualitative analysis 定性分析quality basic oxygen process 底吹氧气转炉炼钢法quality control 质量管理quality specification 质量技术条件quality steel 优质钢quantitative analysis 定量分析quantitative metallography 定量金相学quantity of magnetism 磁量quantometer 光量计quartation 四分法quartering 四分法quarto mill 四辊式轧机quartz 石英quartz glass 石英玻璃quartz sand 石英砂quartz tube 石英管quartzite 硅石quasi isotropy 伪蛤同性quaternary diagram 四元系状态图quaternary system 四元系quench 淬火quench aging 淬火时效quench bath 淬火浴quench crack 淬火裂纹quench hardened case 淬火层quench hardening steel 淬硬钢quenched and tempered steel 凳钢quenched bend test 淬火弯曲试验quenched case 淬火层quenched sorbite 淬火讼体quenched steel 硬化钢quenched troostite 淬火屈氏体quenching 淬火quenching capacity 淬火能力quenching furnace 淬火炉quenching medium 淬火剂quenching of vacancies 空位淬火quenching oil 淬火油quenching strain 淬火变形quenching stress 淬火应力quenching tank 淬火槽quenching temperature 淬火温度quick cooling 快速冷却quick lime 生石灰quick sand 涟quicksilver 汞r.p.m. 分钟转数rabble 搅拌器耙子rabbling 搅拌raceway 循环区rack 齿条rack type pusher 齿条推料机radial stress 径向应力radiant energy 辐射能radiant heat 辐射热radiant heater 辐射加热器radiant tube 辐射管radiating capacity 辐射能radiating heat 辐射热radiating tube furnace 辐射管炉radiation 辐射radiation burner 辐射烧嘴radiation defect 辐照缺陷radiation equilibrium 辐射平衡radiation hardening 辐照硬化radiation heating 辐射加热radiation loss 辐射损失radiation pyrometer 辐射高温计radiation temperature 辐射温度radical 基radio frequency welding 射频焊接radioactivation analysis 放射性化分析radioactive decay 放射性衰变radioactive element 放射性示素radioactive indicator 放射性指示剂radioactive isotope 放射性同位素radioactive metal 放射性金属radioactive mineral 放射性矿物radioactive rays 放射线radioactive substance 放射性物质radioactive tracer 放射性示踪剂radioactive tracer gas 放射性示踪气体radioactivity 放射性radiocobalt 放射性钴radioelement 放射性示素radiogram 伦琴射线照相radiograph 伦琴射线照相radiographic flaw detection 射线探伤radiographic inspection 射线照相检查radiography 射线照相术radioisotope 放射性同位素radiometallography 射线金相学radiometallurgy 射线冶金学radiometric analysis 辐射量分析radium 镭radius of curvature 曲率半径radon 氡rag 毛刺ragged roll 刻痕轧辊ragging 刻纹;除去毛刺rail 钢轨rail head 轨头rail joint bar 鱼尾板rail mill 钢轨轧机rail pass 钢轨孔型rail steel 钢轨钢rail straightener 钢轨矫正机rail straightening machine 钢轨矫正机railway track material 铁路用材料rake 耙子rake classifier 耙式分级机ram 碎铁落锤ram engine 打桩机rammed hearth 捣固炉底rammed lining 打结炉衬rammed refractory 捣制耐火材料rammer 捣锤ramming 捣打ramming board 捣固板ramming compound 捣打混合物ramming mix 捣打混合物random inspection 抽查rapid analysis 快速分析rapid annealing 快速退火rapid cooling 快速冷却rapid determination 快速分析rapid heating 快速加热rapid steel 高速钢rapping 松模rapping hole 敲模孔rapping plate 起模板rare earth elements 稀土元素rare earth metals 稀土金属rare earth treatment 稀土元素处理rare earths 稀土族rare elements 稀有元素rare metal 稀有金属rat 多肉rate constant 速度常数rate constant of reaction 反应速度常数rate controlling step 速率控制阶段rate of corrosion 腐蚀速率rate of diffusion 扩散速度rate of pouring 浇注速率rated capacity 额定容量rated current 额定电流rated output 额定功率rated voltage 额定电压rattler 清砂滚筒rauvite 水钙钒铀矿raw gas 脏煤气raw material 原料raw materials preparation 原料准备raw matte 粗冰铜raw ore 原矿raw steel 原钢rays 射线re reduced powder 重还原粉re solution 再溶解reactance 电抗reactant 试剂reacting weight 反应量reaction 反应reaction chamber 反应室reaction formula 反应式reaction heat 反应热reaction isotherm 反应等温线reaction kinetics 反应动力学reaction mechanism 反应机构reaction product 反应产物reaction rate 反应速度reaction sintering 反应烧结reaction temperature 反应温度reaction time 反应时间reaction tower 反应塔reaction tube 反应管reaction velocity 反应速度reaction velocity constant 反应速度常数reaction vessel 反应容器reactive atmosphere 活性气氛reactive metal 反应性金属reactive power 无功功率;反应能reactivity 反应性reactor 反应器反应堆reactor metallurgy 反应堆材料冶金学reagent 试剂real crystal 真实晶体real gas 真实气体real solution 实际溶液realgar 雄黄recalescence 再辉recalescence point 再辉点recarburization 再渗碳recarburizer 再增碳剂recarburizing atmosphere 再增碳气氛recasting 重浇铸receiver 槽receiving hopper 受料料斗receiving roll table 受料辊道reception test 验收试验reciprocal lattice 倒易格子reciprocating compressor 活塞式压缩机reciprocating cycle 往复周期reciprocating pump 循环泵reciprocating saw 滑座式锯recirculation degassing 循环真空脱气法recirculation rate 再循环速度recombination 再结合recompacting 再压制recorder 记录表recording pyrometer 自记高温计recovery 恢复recovery annealing 恢复退火recovery creep 回复蠕变recovery furnace 蓄热式炉recovery turbine 废能量回收发电recrystallization 再结晶recrystallization annealing 再结晶退火recrystallization temperature 再结晶温度recrystallization texture 再结晶织构recrystallization twin 再结晶孪晶rectangular ingot 偏钢锭rectification 整流;精馏rectified zinc 精镏锌rectifier 整流;精馏器rectifier welding set 整粮机rectifying column 精馏塔rectifying tower 精馏塔recuperation 回收;回粱热recuperative burner 换热式烧嘴recuperative soaking pit 换热式均热炉recuperator 蓄热器蓄热室recurrent lap 反复重皮recycle gas 再循环气体red brass 红色黄铜red brick 红砖red brittleness 热脆性red copper 紫铜red copper ore 赤铜矿red hardness 红硬性red heat 赤热red iron ore 赤铁矿red lead 红铅red mud 赤泥red phosphorus 红磷red short iron 热脆钢red silver ore 深红银矿red stain 铜斑redissolving 再溶解redistillation 再蒸馏redox potential 氧化还原电势redox reaction 氧化还原反应redox titration 氧化还原滴定redrawing 再拉拔reduced iron 还原铁reduced powder 还原粉reduced pressure 减压reduced pressure distillation 减压蒸镏reducer 还原剂reducibility 还原性reducing 还原reducing action 还原酌reducing agent 还原剂reducing atmosphere 还原气氛reducing bath 还原槽reducing capacity 还原能力reducing flame 还原焰reducing furnace 还原炉reducing gear 减速器减速装置reducing mill 减径机reducing power 还原能力reducing roasting 还原焙烧reducing sizing mill 减径定径机reducing valve 减压阀reducing zone 还原带reductant 还原剂reductibility 还原性reduction 还原reduction cell 电解还原槽reduction degradation 还原粉化reduction furnace 还原炉reduction gear 减速器减速装置reduction heat 还原热reduction of area 断面收缩率reduction of cross sectional area 断面压缩率reduction per pass 每道压下量reduction period 还原期reduction process 还原过程reduction rate 还原速度reduction ratio 压缩比;减速比reduction refining 还原精炼reduction schedule 压下规程reduction smelting 还原熔炼reeking 薰烟黑reel 卷取机;卷筒reel block 卷取机的卷筒reel tension regulator 卷取机的张力第器reeler 矫正机reeling 轧管机均整reeling mill 均整机reference electrode 参考电极refined copper 精铜refined lead 精炼铅refined matte 精炼铜refined zinc 精锌refinement 精炼refinery 精炼厂refining 精炼refining furnace 精炼炉refining slag 精炼渣reflection coefficient 反射系数reflection microscopy 反射显微镜检查法reflectoscope 超声波探伤器reflux 回流reflux condenser 回龄凝器reflux ratio 回寥reformed gas 转换气体refractoriness 耐火度refractory 耐火材料refractory brick 耐火砖refractory cement 耐火水泥refractory concrete 耐火混凝土refractory fiber 耐火纤维refractory inclusion 耐火材料夹杂物refractory lining 耐火内衬refractory material 耐火材料refractory metal 难熔金属refractory mixture 耐火混合料refractory mortar 耐火浆泥refrigerator 冷却器refuse 堆积场regenerated fuel 再生燃料regenerated leach liquor 再生浸出液regeneration 交粱热regenerative burner 再生烧嘴regenerative chamber 蓄热室regenerative furnace 蓄热炉regenerative quenching 再生淬火regenerative soaking pits 蓄热式均热炉regenerator 蓄热室region 相区域regular lay 普通捻regular powder 规则状粉regular solution 正规溶液regulating rod 控制棒regulating valve 第阀regulator 第器regulus 金属珠;冰铜reheating 再热reheating furnace 再加热炉reinforcement 加强reinforcement wire 预应力钢丝reinforcing bar 钢筋reinforcing steel 钢筋reinite 方钨铁矿reladling 倒桶relative deformation 相对形变relative error 相对误差relative humidity 相对湿度relative motion 相对运动relative pressure 相对压力relaxation 松弛relaxation constant 松弛常数relaxation resistance 松弛强度relief 浮凸relief polishing 凸抛光relief sprue 冒渣口relief welding 凸焊remaining liquid 残余熔料remains 残渣remanence 剩磁remanent magnetism 剩磁remelting 再熔炼remelting furnace 再熔炼炉remelting metallurgy 再熔冶金remelting process 重熔法remote control 遥控removal 除去removal of slag 除渣reoxidation 再次氧化reoxidation reaction 再氧化反应repair 修补repair welding 修补焊接repeated bending stress test 反复弯曲应力试验repeated impact test 反复冲辉验repeated transverse impact test 反复弯曲冲辉验repeater 围盘repeating 借助导卫板在轧机机座间串送轧件rephosphorization 回磷repiercing 再穿孔replacement 置换replica 模型膜repressing 重压reprocessing 再加工reproducibility 再现性rerolling 再轧reservoir 储蓄器residual current 剩余电流residual deformation 残留变形residual element 残余元素residual gas 残余气体residual heat 剩余热residual magnetism 剩磁residual porosity 残留孔隙度residual slag 残渣residual strain 残留变形residual stress 残余应力residual stress relieving 消除残余应力residue 残渣resilience 冲煌性resintering 再烧结resist 保护层resistance alloy 电阻合金resistance brazing 电阻钎焊resistance butt welding 电阻对接焊resistance cutting 电阻加热切割resistance furnace 电阻炉resistance percussion welding 冲桓resistance pyrometer 电阻高温计resistance sintering 电阻烧结resistance thermometer 电阻温度计resistance to deformation 变形阻力resistance welder 接触焊接机resistance welding 电阻焊resistance welding machine 接触焊接机resistance wire 电阻线resistivity 电阻率resolution 分解resolving power 分辨能力resonance 共鸣resonance absorption 共振吸收resonance method 谐振法rest electrode 焊条残头rest period 回复期restrained contraction 约束收缩restricted spread 限制宽展restriking 矫形锻压resulfurization 增硫retained austenite 残余奥氏体retained mandrel 限动芯棒retarded cooling 缓冷retort 蒸馏罐;马弗炉retort furnace 马弗炉retort process 反应罐直接还原法retort residue 蒸馏残渣retreatment 再处理return roller table 返回辊道return slag 返渣returns 返回粉末reverberating furnace 反射炉reverberatory furnace 反射炉reverberatory smelting 反射炉熔炼reversal load 应变载荷reverse bend test 反复弯曲试验reverse bending 反向弯曲reverse horn gate 倒牛角浇口reverse polarity 逆极性reverse torsion test 反复扭转试验reversed brass 锌基压铸合金reversibility 可逆性reversible adsorption 可逆吸附reversible change 可逆变化reversible cycle 可逆循环reversible electrode 可逆电极reversible process 可逆过程reversible reaction 可逆反应reversible temper brittleness 可逆回火脆性reversible transformation 可逆相变reversing bloomer 可逆式初轧机reversing blooming mill 可逆式初轧机reversing cold mill 可逆式冷轧机reversing mill 可逆式轧机reversing rolling stand 可逆式机座reversing two high blooming mill 二辊可逆式初轧机reversing valve 换向阀reversion 回归revolutions per minute 分钟转数revolving cathode 旋转阴极revolving crystal method 旋转结晶法revolving grate 旋转炉篦revolving hopper 旋转料斗revolving screen 回转筛revolving top 炉顶旋转布料器rewelding 再焊接rewinder 再卷装置reynolds number 雷诺数rh process 双管循环真空除气法rhenium 铼rheotropic brittleness 低温脆性rhodanizing 镀铑rhodite 铑金矿rhodium 铑rhodochrosite 菱锰矿rhodonite 蔷薇辉石rhombic lattice 斜方晶格rhombic system 斜方晶系rhombohedral lattice 菱形晶格rhombohedral system 菱形晶系rhombohedron 菱面体rhombus 菱形ribbed tube 加肋管ribbon saw 带锯rich alloy 中间合金rich gas 富煤气rich lead 富银铅rich low brass 富铜低锌黄铜rich ore 富矿richetite 水板铅铀矿rider brick 锁砖ridges 带钢单向皱纹riffle 槽riffle sampler 格槽分样器riffled tube 加筋管riffles 皱纹rigid body 刚体rigidity 刚性rimhole 皮下气泡rimmed ingot 沸腾钢钢锭rimmed steel 沸腾钢rimming steel 沸腾钢rimming steel ingot 沸腾钢钢锭ring core 环形泥芯ring furnace 环式窑ring gate 环形内浇口ring rolling mill 轮箍轧机rinse bath 洗涤槽rinse water 冲洗水ripidolite 铁绿泥石ripple weld 鳞状焊缝rippled surface 焊波表面riser 冒口rising pipe 下铸浇口rising steel 冒涨钢锭rivet joint 铆接rivet steel 铆钉钢roak 发裂roast 焙烧roast reduction process 焙烧还原法roasted concentrate 焙烧精矿roasted ore 焙烧矿roasted pyrite 焙烧黄铁矿roaster 焙烧炉roasting 焙烧roasting furnace 焙烧炉roasting kiln 焙烧炉roasting rate 焙烧率rock salt 岩盐rocking arc furnace 摇动电弧炉rocking grate 摇动炉篦rocking resistor furnace 可倾式电阻炉rocking runner 移动式钢水沟rocking screen 摇动筛rockwell hardness 洛氏硬度rockwell hardness number 洛氏硬度值rockwell hardness test 洛氏硬度试验rod 棒;棒钢rod mill 线材轧机;棒磨机roentgen 伦琴roentgen radiation 伦琴辐射roentgen rays x 射线roentgenogram x 射线照片roll 轧辊roll adjustment 轧辊蝶roll axis 轧辊轴线roll balance 轧辊的平衡roll barrel 辊身roll bending system 弯辊装置roll body length 辊身长度roll caliber 轧辊孔型roll camber 辊身轮廓roll carriage 轧辊的轴承座roll change 换辊roll changing 换辊roll changing rig 换辊装置roll chock 轧辊的轴承座roll cogging 在初轧机上轧制roll collar 辊环roll compacting 粉末轧制roll consumption 辊消耗roll coolant 轧辊冷却乳液roll crown 轧辊凸度roll crusher 辊式破碎机roll deflection 轧辊挠度roll designing 轧辊孔型设计roll diameter 辊身直径roll dressing 轧辊加工或磨削roll engaging sleeve 轧辊连接套筒roll fittings 轧辊导卫装置roll flattening 轧辊压扁roll force 轧制力roll formed shape 冷弯型钢roll forming 辊轧成形roll forming mill 辊轧成形机roll gap 轧辊开度roll grinder 轧辊磨床roll grinding 轧辊研磨roll grinding machine 轧辊磨床roll housing 轧机机架roll inventory 轧辊库roll lathe 轧辊车床roll line 轧辊轴线roll mandrel 辊轴roll marks 辊印roll mill stand 轧机机座roll neck 辊颈roll opening 轧辊开度roll pass 轧辊孔型roll pass design 轧辊孔型设计roll pass sequence 轧辊孔型系统roll profile 轧辊辊型roll regrinding 轧辊再研磨roll scale 轧钢皮roll screen 辊筛roll seperating force 轧制力roll setting 轧辊蝶roll setup 安置轧辊roll shape control 辊型第roll shift 轧辊轴向移动roll sleeve 轧辊辊套roll speed 轧制速度roll straightener 辊式矫正机roll stroke 轧辊升程roll table 辊道roll train 轧机机组roll turning 轧辊车削roll turning shop 轧辊车嫌工车间roll turning template 车晓辊用样板roll type reel 辊式卷取机roll wear 轧辊磨损roll wobbler 轧辊梅花头rollability 可轧制性rolled compact 轧坯rolled gold 覆饰用极薄金箔rolled in scale 轧入氧化皮rolled iron 轧制钢材rolled pipe 轧制管rolled products 轧材rolled steel 轧制钢材rolled stock 轧材rolled tube 轧制管rolled wire 轧制线材roller 辊子;轧钢工roller bearing 滚柱轴承roller bearing steel 滚柱轴承钢roller bed 辊道roller chain 滚子链roller cold pilgering mill 滚式冷轧管机roller conveyor 辊式运输机roller cooling bed 辊式冷床roller die 辊模roller electrode 辊式电极roller feeder 辊式给料机roller guide 辊式导板roller hearth furnace 辊底式炉roller leveler 辊式矫直机roller line 辊道线roller reel 辊式卷取机roller spot welding 滚点焊roller straightening machine 辊式矫正机roller twister 辊式扭转导板roller welding 轧焊roller's side 进料侧rolling 轧制rolling axis 轧制线rolling cycle 轧制周期rolling direction 轧制方向rolling drawing process 轧制拉制法rolling equipment 轧制设备rolling friction 滚动摩擦rolling line 轧制线rolling mill 轧机rolling mill engine 轧机昼动机rolling mill practice 轧制工艺rolling off 管材的芯棒辗轧rolling plan 轧制图解rolling plant 轧制车间rolling power 轧制能力rolling pressure 轧制压力rolling program 轧制图解rolling skin 轧制铁鳞rolling solution 轧制用润滑冷却液rolling surface 滚动面rolling technology 轧制工艺rolling temperature 轧制温度rolling temperature region 轧制温度区rolling texture 轧制织构rolling torque 轧制力矩rolling width 轧制宽度roof 炉顶roofing sheet 屋面薄钢板root 根部root crack 根部裂纹root gap 根部间隙root of penetration 焊缝根部root opening 根部间隙root pass 根部焊道root run 根部焊道rope 索rope manufacture 钢丝绳制造rope transfer 钢丝绳移送机rope wire 钢丝绳用钢丝roscoelite 钒云母rosette graphite 玫瑰花状石墨rotary converter 回转式转炉rotary crusher 回转破碎机rotary cutter 圆盘式剪断机rotary die 转模rotary drier 回转干燥器rotary drum grinder 滚筒粉碎机rotary filter 滚筒过滤机rotary forge mill 周期式轧管机rotary furnace 回转炉rotary hearth furnace 转底炉rotary kiln 回转炉rotary kiln reduction 回转炉还原rotary piercing 斜辊式穿孔rotary piercing mill 斜辊式穿轧机rotary pump 回转泵rotary shears 圆盘剪切机rotary squeezer 回转压榨机rotary swager 旋转锻造机rotary swaging 回转模锻rotary trimming shears 圆盘式切边剪rotary tube straightener 旋转式钢管矫直机rotary vacuum pump 回转真空泵rotating anode 旋转阳极rotating arc 旋转电弧rotating arc welding 旋转电弧悍rotating bending test 旋转弯曲试验rotating cathode 旋转阴极rotating crystal method 旋转结晶法rotating cube mixer 旋转箱式混料机rotating guide 旋转导板rotating screen 回转筛rotation axis 转动轴rotational slip 转动滑移roto arc welding 旋转电弧悍rotoblasting 铁砂清理rotor process 氧气平吹旋转转炉炼钢法rottenstone 硅藻土rouge 铁丹rough forging 粗锻造rough grinding 粗研磨rough surface 粗面rougher 开毗机roughing 粗轧roughing groove 粗轧孔型roughing mill group 粗轧机组roughing pass 粗轧孔型roughing slag 下渣roughing train 粗轧机线roughness 粗糙度roughness factor 粗糙度系数round billet 圆形坯round concrete bar 混凝土用圆钢round ingot 圆锭round kiln 圆形炉round pass 圆形孔型round steel 圆钢rounding 倒角rounds 圆钢row of dislocations 位错排列rubber mold 橡皮铸型rubber packing 橡皮垫rubellite 红电气石rubidium 铷rubidium alum 铷茂rubidium chloride 氯化铷ruby copper 赤铜矿ruhrstahl heraeus process 双管循环真空除气法run 道run off tab 引出板run out table 输出辊道runner 出钢槽runner box 分叉浇口箱runner brick 汤道砖running out 跑号running repair 小修running time 运转时间runoff table 输出辊道runout 瘤;漏铁水rupture 破坏rupture stress 断裂应力rust 锈rust inhibitor 防锈剂rust protection 抗锈rust remover 除锈剂rust resistance 耐锈蚀性rusting 生锈ruthenium 钌rutile 金红石rutile electrode 氧化钛药皮焊条rz powder rz 粉末。
冶金专业英语
Words and Expressionsextractive[iks'træktiv]提取的，萃取的refine[ri'fain]精炼metallurgy[me'tælədʒi]冶金，冶金学ingot[ˈɪŋgət]铸锭concentrate[ˈkɔnsəntreit]精选，富集，精矿fabricate[ˈfæbrikeit]加工，制作gangue[gæŋ]脉石deposit[diˈpɔzit]沉积，矿床mineral[ˈminərəl]dressing选矿flotation[fləuˈteiʃən]浮选pyrometallurgy[ˌpairəumeˈtælədʒi]火法冶金manganese.[ˈmæŋgəˌni:z]锰hydrometallurgy[ˌhaidrəumeˈtælə:dʒi]湿法冶金aluminium[ˌælju:ˈminjəm]铝electrometallurgy[iˌlektrəumeˈtælədʒi]电冶金electrolysis.[ɪlekˈtrɔlɪsɪs]电解beneficiation[ˈbeniˌfiʃiˈeiʃən]选矿，矿物处理suffice.[səˈfais]足够，满足……的需要mercury sulphide[ˈmə:kjuri][ˈsʌlfaɪd]硫化汞magnesium[mægˈni:zi:əm]镁non-ferrous[ˈferəs]metals有色金属by products副产品impurity[ɪmˈpjʊərɪti:]杂质distillation[ˌdɪstəˈleɪʃən]蒸馏oxidation[ˌɔksɪˈdeɪʃən]氧化volatile[ˈvɔlətail]蒸馏mercury[ˈmə:kjuri]汞cadmium[ˈkædmiəm]镉melting point熔点titanium[taɪˈteɪni:əm]钛zirconium.[zə:ˈkəuniəm]锆chromium[ˈkrəʊmi:əm]铬niobium[naiˈəubiəm]铌molybdenum[məˈlibdinəm]钼molten[ˈməʊltən]熔融的refractory[rɪˈfræktəri:]难熔的crucible[ˈkru:sibl]坩埚oxygen[ˈɔksidʒən]氧nitrogen[ˈnaitrədʒən]氮slag[slæg]渣electromotive series[ilektrəuˈməutiv][ˈsiəri:z]电化序reducing agent[riˈdju:siŋ][ˈeidʒənt]还原剂roast[rəust]焙烧smelt[smelt]熔炼convert[kənˈvə:t]吹炼aqueous[ˈeikwiəs]solution水溶液trace back追溯到concern with与……有关by means of用，依靠organic[ɔ:ˈgænik]有机的vacuum[ˈvækjuəm]真空conventional[kənˈvenʃənl]常规的，传统的inorganic[ˌɪnɔ:ˈgænɪk]无机的alchemist[ˈælkimist]炼金术imminent[ˈiminənt]即将发生的depletion[dɪˈpli:ʃən]消耗，枯竭lean[li:n]ore贫矿discard[disˈka:d]废弃，丢弃manganese nodule[ˈnɔdʒu:l]锰结核dust[dʌst]烟尘matte[mæt]冰铜锍speiss[spais]黄渣sludge[slʌdʒ]污泥burgeoning[ˈbə:dʒəniŋ]新兴的recycling[ri:ˈsaikliŋ]回收，循环assess[əˈses]估计，评价alleviate[əˈli:vieit]减轻，缓和rare metal稀土金属associate[əˈsəuʃieit]with联系，与……交往flowsheet[fləuˈʃi:t]流程图relegate[ˈreligeit]把……置于次要地位panacea[ˌpænəˈsi:ə]万灵药complementary[ˌkɔmpləˈmentəri]互补的revenue[ˈrevənju:]收入hafnium[ˈhæfniəm]铪mint[mint]铸造furnace[ˈfə:nis]炉子atmospheric[ˌætməˈsferɪk]大气的disposal[disˈpəuzəl]处置，处理matte smelting造锍熔炼converting[kənˈvə:tiŋ]吹炼sulphide[ˈsʌlfaɪd]硫化物blast[bla:st]furnace鼓风炉，高炉silica[ˈsilikə]二氧化硅alumina[əˈlju:minə]氧化铝calcium[ˈkælsiəm]钙phosphorus.[ˈfɔsfərəs]磷sulphur[ˈsʌlfə]硫interface[ˈintəfeis]界面reverberatory.[riˈvə:bərətəri]furnace反射炉lime[laɪm]石灰refractory[rɪˈfræktəri:]难熔的thermal[ˈθə:məl]barrier[ˈbæriə]隔热层quartz[kwɔ:ts]石英iron[ˈaiən]铁liquidus[ˈlikwidəs]液相线viscosity[vɪˈskɔsɪti:]黏度specific[spiˈsifik]gravity[ˈgræviti]比重dissolve[diˈzɔlv]溶解orthosilicate[ˌɔ:θəˈsiləkeit]正硅酸盐acidic[əˈsɪdɪk]酸性的neutralization[ˌnju:trəlaiˈzeiʃən]中和anion[ˈænaiən]阴离子pentoxide[ˌpenˈtɔksaid]五氧化物phosphorus pentoxide五氧化二磷molecule[ˈmɔlikju:l]分子polymer[ˈpɔləmə]聚合物，聚合的basicity[bəˈsisiti]碱度neutral[ˈnju:trəl]中性的equilibrium[ˌi:kwəˈlɪbri:əm]平衡ionic[aiˈɔnik]离子的undissociated[ˈʌndiˈsəuʃieitid]未离解的desulphurize[di:ˈsʌlfəraiz]脱硫cation[ˈkætaiən]阳离子fluorspar[ˈflu(:)əspa:]氟石synthetic[sin'θetik]人造的silicate['silikit]硅酸盐resin['rezin]树脂cuprammonium rayon铜氨纤维brass[brɑ:s]黄铜electroplate[i'lektrəu'pleit]电镀uranium[juəˈreiniəm]铀sorption.['sɔ:pʃən]吸附saturated['sætʃəreitid]饱和的effluent['efluənt]污水elution[iˈlju:ʃən]洗涤vanadium[və'neidiəm]钒platinum['plætinəm]铂ion exchange离子交换solvent extraction溶剂萃取agitation[ˌædʒi'teiʃən]搅拌immiscible[i'misəbl]不互溶的stripped solvent反萃剂contaminant[kən'tæmənənt]污染物extractant[iks'træktənt]萃取剂alkali['ælkəlai]碱hydrolyze['haidrəlaiz]使水解derivative[di'rivətiv]衍生物chelate['ki:leit]螯合的chelating compound螯合物reagent[ri:'eidʒənt]试剂kerosene['kerəsi:n]煤油perforated['pə:fəreitid]多孔的chalcocite['kælkəsait]辉铜矿covellite[kəu'velait]铜蓝chalcopyrite[ˌkælkə'pairait]黄铜矿bornite['bɔ:nait]斑铜矿pyrite[pairait]黄铁矿cuprite['kju:prait]赤铜矿tenorite['tenərait]黑铜矿coke[kəuk]焦炭exhaust[ig'zɔ:st]耗尽pulverize['pʌlvəraiz]粉碎negative['negətiv]负的flux[flʌks]助熔剂hearth[hɑ:θ]炉床horizontal[ˌhɔri'zɔntl]水平的boiler['bɔilə]锅炉siliceous[si'liʃəs]硅酸的cast[kɑ:st]浇铸roughen['rʌfən]粗糙blister['blistə]copper泡铜anode['ænəud]阳极electrolytic tank[tæŋk]电解槽cathode['kæθəud]阴极electrolyte[i'lektrəu,lait]电解质contaminate[kən'tæmineit]使不纯soluble['sɔljubl]可溶的selenium[si'li:niəm]硒tellurium[te'ljuəriəm]碲arsenic['ɑ:sənik]砷hydrocarbon['haidrəu'kɑ:bən]碳氢化合物anode refining阳极精炼agitate['ædʒiteit]搅动eutectic[ju:'tektik]共晶体dilute[dai'lju:t]sulfuric[sʌl'fju:rik]acid稀硫酸precipitation[priˌsipi'teiʃən]沉淀sponge[spʌndʒ]海绵cement[si'ment]水泥，胶状材料preheat[pri:'hi:t]预热calamine['kæləmain]异极矿blende[blend]闪锌矿arsenic['ɑ:sənik]砷antimony['æntiməni]锑tin[tin]锡indium['indiəm]铟germanium[dʒə:'meiniəm]锗gallium['gæliəm]镓fluidize['flu:ədaiz]使流化electrostatic[i'lektrəu'stætik]静电marmatite['mɑ:mətait]铁闪锌矿carbonate['kɑ:bəneit]碳酸盐combustion[kəm'bʌstʃən]燃烧volatilize['vɔlətilaiz]挥发concomitantly[kən'kɔmitənt]伴生的blend[blend]掺和,混合,掺和物sphalerite['sfælərait]闪锌矿smithsonite['smiθsənait]菱锌矿zinc[ziŋk]锌zinc pyrite锌黄铁矿zincite['ziŋkait]氧化锌，红锌矿，ZnO vertical retort process竖罐炼锌tuyere[twi:'jɛə](冶金炉）风口，风眼briquet[bri'ket]团块，坯块，制团galvanizing['gælvənaiz]镀锌petzite['petˌsait]碲金银矿cyanide['saiənaid]氰化物deaerated[di:'ɛəreit]使气泡除去telluride['teljuraid]碲化物nugget['nʌgit]天然金矿，矿块calaverite[kælə'vɛərait]碲金矿sylvanite['silvəˌnait]针碲金（银）矿tailing['teiliŋ]矿渣filtration[fil'treiʃən]过滤scum[skʌm]浮渣granular['grænjulə]粒状的percolation[ˌpə:kə'leiʃən]过滤amalgamation[əˌmælgə'meiʃən]融合，合并container[kən'teinə]容器packaging['pækidʒiŋ]包装，包装物bauxite['bɔ:ksait]铝碱土，铝土矿electrical conductor导电体hydrate['haidreit]氢氧化物，水合物titania[tai'teiniə]二氧化钛，氧化钛anhydrous[æn'haidrəs]无水的reserve[ri'zə:v]储备物，储藏量exclusively[iks'klu:sivli]排外的，专有的distinct[dis'tiŋkt]清楚的，明显的digest[dai'dʒest]浸煮蒸煮，煮解caustic['kɔ:stik]腐蚀性的，苛性的soda['səudə]碳酸水，纯碱，氢氧化钠residue['rezidju:]剩余物，残余，残渣filtration[fil'treiʃən]过滤，筛选liquor['likə]液体，母液be seeded with做孕育处理，使孕育crystal['kristl]晶体，结晶，水晶trihydrate[trai'haidreit]三水合物alumina trihydrate氢氧化铝reverse[ri'və:s]颠倒，倒转，倒退precipitate[pri'sipiteit]使沉淀，沉淀conductor[kən'dʌktə]导体cryolite['kraiəlait]冰晶石additive['æditiv]添加剂cell[sel]电解槽，小房间probable['prɔbəbl]很可能的，大概的dissociate[di'səuʃieit]分解，游离，chloride['klɔ:raid]氯化物sodium['səudiəm]钠petroleum[pi'trəuliəm]石油tar[tɑ:]焦油，柏油pitch[pitʃ]沥青柏油coal tar pitch煤焦油沥青purification[ˌpjurifi'keiʃən]净化，提纯，精致blow-off排出，喷出digestion[di'dʒestʃən]溶解，溶出，煮解robot['rəubɔt]机器人，遥控设备preferentially[ˌprefə'renʃəli]先取的，优先的clarify['klærifai]澄清，使纯净sedimentation[ˌsedimən'teiʃən]沉淀，沉降inherent[in'hiərənt]固有的，内在的supersaturate[su:pə'sætʃəreit]使过度饱和excess[ik'ses]多余的，额外的exploit['eksplɔit]利用，使用，开发，开采slurry['slə:ri]不溶解物的悬浮液sand[sænd]除沙槽coarse[kɔ:s]粗的，粗糙的fraction['frækʃən]小部分，微量tank[tæŋk]槽，箱，桶filter['filtə]过滤器，滤光器pressure['preʃə]压力过滤器gibbsite['gibsait]水铝矿，铝土矿green[gri:n]未加工的，湿的socket['sɔkit]穴，孔，插座modify['mɔdifai]调节，限制crust[krʌst]外壳，硬壳interfacial tension界面张力interfacial[ˌintə'feiʃəl]界面的，分界面的holding['həuldiŋ]保温炉tension['tenʃən]压力，张力，牵力siphon['saifən]用虹管吸收dilute[dai'lju:t]冲淡，稀释hooded['hudid]有罩盖的，带头巾的potline['pɔtlain]制铝用的电解槽系列crane[krein]起重机commensurate[kə'menʃərit]相当的，相称的assist[ə'sist]帮助，辅助manipulate[mə'nipjuleit]熟练的操作使用cable['keibl]钢丝绳，缆索be commensurate with与什么相当，与什么相称weld[weld]焊接combustion chamber燃烧室checkerwork格式装置,砌砖格checker mass蓄热室burner['bə:nə]燃烧器air stream风流，空气流pack[pæk]填塞，塞满checker brick格子砖volume ratio体积比，容积比checker chamber蓄热室flue[flu:]烟道，通气管on blast送风，鼓风natural gas天然气coke oven['ʌvən]焦炉compress[kəm'pres]压缩by pass绕过，使通过…旁道valve[vælv]阀门mixer valve混风阀turbulent['tə:bjulənt]涡旋的，狂暴的exhaust[ig'zɔ:st]排气chimney['tʃimni]废气dome[dəum]圆顶，圆屋顶preset[pri:'set]事先调整，预调back draft到转，逆通风creep[kri:p]蠕变，蠕动creep-resistant抗蠕变的thermal['θə:məl]热的，热量的skin wall隔墙specification[ˌspesifi'keiʃən]规格，技术要求automation[ˌɔ:tə'meiʃən]自动控制，自动操作contamination[kənˌtæmi'neiʃən]污染，污染物direct reduced iron（DRI）直接还原铁methane['meθein]甲烷，沼气carbon monoxide[mɔ'nɔksaid]一氧化碳descend[di'send]下来，下降scarce[skɛəs]缺乏的，不足的uniform['ju:nifɔ:m]均匀的，均质的go into production投产gas reformer[ri'fɔ:mə]气体转化炉gravity['græviti]重力discharge[dis'tʃɑ:dʒ]排出，流出seal[si:l]legs料封管bustle['bʌsl]pipe环形风管counter current相反的，逆流charge solid固体炉料gravity feed重力给料outlet['autlet]出口，出路burden['bə:dn]炉料，配料scrubber['skrʌbə]气体洗涤器recompress再压缩preheat[pri:'hi:t]预热pipe以管输送reformer tube重整管catalyst['kætəlist]催化剂，触媒recycle[ri:'saikl]使再循环，反复使用sponge[spʌndʒ]iron海绵铁porosity[pɔ:'rɔsiti]多孔性，有孔性lime shell[ʃel]石灰涂层passivation[ˌpæsi'veiʃən]钝化water glass水玻璃（硅酸钠）subdivide['sʌbdi'vaid]再分，细分gasifier['gæsifaiə]汽化器，燃气发生炉outlet pipe流出管，排出管melter gasifier熔融汽化炉iron bath reactor铁浴反应炉briquette[bri'ket]压块magnesite['mægnəsait]菱镁矿jet[dʒet]射流，气流tray[trei]底板，托架charge[tʃɑ:dʒ]装料，装满penetrate['penitreit]穿透，渗透splash[splæʃ]飞溅，斑点circulation[ˌsə:kju'leiʃən]循环，流通pouring['pɔ:riŋ]钢包evolution[ˌi:və'lu:ʃən]放出（气体），形成tapping hole出钢口free running slag易流动渣rim[rim]边，轮缘tap-to-tap[tæp]time出钢时间filling['filiŋ]装料duration[dju'reiʃən]of a heat冶炼（一炉）时间The L D practice氧气顶吹转炉工艺。
冶金工程专业英语
New development in Europe
Fundamental of iron making
Reduction of iron oxides
Fundamental of steel making
Fundamentals of Ladle Metallurgical Reactions
consumers limited control 不同，不等。
on price, and the demand 16. volatile: 易
and supply disparity have made steel prices volatile.
变的，反复无常 的。
Significant increases in
11.
economic conditions with a particular sensitivity to the
attributable: 由…引起的 。
12. sensitivity:
performance of the automotive, 敏感(性) 。
construction, capital goods and 13. capital: 主
冶金工程专业英语
2020/3/2/23:26:12
金焱
范文讲解：
Part1 Fundamentals of Iron and Steelmaking
Part2 Iron making Part3 Steel making
2020/3/2/23:26:13
2
Part1 Fundamentals of Iron and Steelmaking
冶金专业英语
1、炉子Metallurgy n. 冶金，冶金学Non-ferrous metallurgy 有色冶金学Solvent n. 溶剂Slag n. 渣，炉渣v. Electrolyte n. 电解质，电解液Blast furnace 鼓风炉，高炉ConverterOpen hearth furnaceFurnace hearth炉膛Furnace body 炉体Reaction chamberSoaking pits furnaceBatch-type furnaceInduction furnace感应炉Fluidised bed furnace流态化床炉Heating furnaceMelting furnaceBurnerIntensified Smelting FurnaceBottom-blown oxygen converter refractory bricks2、焙烧与煅烧Calcination n. 焙烧，煅烧Rotary kiln 回转窑Shaft furnace 竖炉Dead roasting 死烧Sulphating roasting 硫酸化焙烧Reduction roasting 还原焙烧equillibrium constant 平衡常数predominance area 优势区reverberatory furnace 反射炉selective roasting 选择性焙烧chloridizing roast 氯化焙烧basic sulphate碱式硫酸盐Salt roasting 食盐氯化焙烧法Refractory material耐火材料Crucibles坩埚3、浸出Diffusion-controlled (受)扩散控制的Chemically controlled 化学反应控制的Cyanide n. 氰化物Pyrite cinder 黄铁矿烧渣Flue dusts 烟尘Pulp density 矿浆密度Leaching efficiency 浸出率aqua regia 王水contact timesodium carbonatesodium cyanidePulp density 矿浆密度Heap leaching 堆浸Dump leaching 堆浸Autoclave n.压煮器，高压釜Acid curing 拌酸处理Pregnant solution 富液，母液Copper pyrite 黄铜矿Digestion n. 溶出，浸出，浸煮PercolationDecantation4、离子交换与溶剂萃取Effluent 流出液Stripping 反萃Ion exchangeSolvent extractionelutionsynthetic organic resinssorptionphasecapacitymixer/settler unit混合/澄清器filtering cake滤饼5、电解Electrolytic cell 电解槽Current efficiency 电流效率Theoretical Cell voltage 槽电压Current density 电流密度Limiting current density 极限电流密度Throwing power 电镀能力，着电效率Reversible adj 可逆的Reversible electrode potential 可逆电极电位Electrochemical series 电化序Overpotential n. 超电压，超电势Anodic overpotential 阳极过电位Cathodic overpotential 阴极过电位Anode slime 阳极泥Activation n. 活化，活性Cathode n. 阴极，负极Anode n. 阳极，正极Electrolytic cell 电解槽Faraday’s lawEnergy efficiencyAcidified waterConcentration polarization浓差极化6、沉淀precipitation /pri,sipi'teiʃ(ə)n/ n. 沉淀;沉淀物concentrate /'kɒns(ə)ntreit/ vi. 集中；浓缩；vt. 集中；浓缩n. 浓缩，浓缩液purify /'pjʊrifai/ n. 净化；精制; v. 使纯净；精炼component /kəm'pəunənt/ n. 部件；组件；成份hydroxide /hai'drɒksaid/ n. 氢氧化物oxide /'ɑksaid/ n.氧化物reduction /ri'dʌkʃ(ə)n/ n. 还原；减少；缩小cementation /,siːmen'teiʃ(ə)n/ n. 黏结；胶结作用；渗碳处理ultrafine /,ʌltrə'fain/ adj. 非常细微的ultr-pure powders 超纯粉末pigments /'pigmənt/ n.颜料，染料；色素Alumina /ə'luːminə/ n.氧化铝；矾土equilibrium constant 平衡常数unit activities 单位活度logarithmic form 对数形式stable phases 稳定相predominance areas 优势区nickel sulfide 硫化镍electrochemical oxidation 电化学氧化electrode potential电极电位；/物化/ 电极电势contact reduction 接触还原noble metal 贵金属electron exchange 电子交换iron scrap 废铁，屑铁7、钢铁carbon steelsPig ironCast ironopen-hearthalloying elementstainless steelladle metallurgy钢包冶金hood ringtappingThe process is based around a new type of blast furnace called a Cyclone Converter Furnace, which makes it possible to skip the process of manufacturing pig iron pellets （球团）that is necessary for the basic oxygen steelmaking process.Steel is an alloy made by combining iron and other elements, and the most common of these are carbon.8、铜冶金Dilute sulfuric acidNuclear energy explosionOxygen-enriched airMatteFluxSlagBlister copper粗铜Outokumpu flash smeltingNoranda continuous smelting诺兰达连续熔炼Eutectic structure共晶结构cement copper沉淀铜，泥铜（沉淀置换的铜），渗碳铜settling tank澄清槽9. Zinc metallurgySphalerite 闪锌矿ZnSsmithsonite菱锌矿ZnCO3goethite/'gɜːtait/n. [矿物] 针铁矿jarosite/'dʒærəsait/n. [矿物] 黄钾铁矾hematite/'hi:mətait/n. [矿物] 赤铁矿lead bullion粗铅 ['bʊlɪən]10、铝冶金Gibbsite ['gibsait]三水铝矿cryolite ['kraiəlait]冰晶石Bayer process拜耳工艺Red mud赤泥caustic soda岢性碱Soderberg anode自焙阳极Prebaked anode预焙阳极Spent liquor废液Bauxite铝土矿Sodium aluminateLimestone石灰石Radiant energy辐射能Diasporaboehmitecarbon anode碳阳极hood ringlimesoda sinter process11 tungsten metallurgywolframite n/ 'wʊlfrəmˌaɪt / 钨锰铁矿，黑钨矿scheelite n/ 'ʃilaɪt / 钨酸钙矿，白钨矿ammonium paratungstate n/əˈməunjəm ˌpærəˈtʌŋsteit/ 仲钨酸铵precursor n/pri'kɜsə/ 前驱体crystallize vt /ˈkrɪstəlaɪzd/ 使结晶deionized water n/di'aɪə,naɪzid/ 去离子水cemented carbide n硬质合金tungstate n/'tʌŋ,stet/ 钨酸盐molybdenum n/ məˈlɪbdənəm / 钼12、金冶金Carbon-in-pulp process碳浆工艺Ball millAlluvial goldThickner浓密机Cyanidation[saiəni'deiʃən]氰化Aeration[,eiə‘reiʃən] 充气，通气Preoxidation预氧化 [pri:ɔksi'deiʃən]Pulp矿浆Tail尾矿Countercurrent ['kaʊntə,kʌrənt]decantation逆流倾析[,di:kæn'teiʃən] Zinc dust锌尘gravity concentration 重力选矿comminution/,kɑmə'njʊʃən/ 粉碎grinding / 'ɡraɪndɪŋ/磨碎refractory gold ores难处理金矿Run-of-mine原矿Steel wool钢丝棉dore bullion ['bʊlɪən]多尔锭borax-silica flux硼砂-二氧化硅熔剂。
冶金专业英语(全)
有色冶金专业英语（适用于冶金工程专业）2009年9月Lesson 3 Ore DressingOre dressing 选矿Concentrate v. 富积，浓缩，集聚n. 精矿，浓缩物Concentration n. 集中，浓缩，浓度Acid concentration 酸浓度Bulk n. 正体，主体，团块Gangue n. 脉石，尾矿，矿脉中的夹杂物Tailing n. 尾矿Severance n. 分离，隔离，碎散Beneficiation n. 分选Comminution n. 粉碎Run-of-mine n. 原矿Middling n. 中矿Liberation n. 解离Crush n. v. 粉碎，碾碎，挤压Grind n. v. 研磨，磨细Screen n. v. 筛，筛分Jigging n. 跳选，跳汰选Hand picking 手选Luster n. 光泽，光亮v. 闪光，发光Specific gravity 比重Magnetic permeability 磁导率Inductive charging 感应电荷Electrostatic separation 静电分离Fracture n. 断口，裂缝Automatic sorting of radioactive natures放射性自动选矿Magnitude n. 大小，尺寸，量级，强度，等级Magnetic separation 磁选Magnetic field 磁场Gravity concentration 重力选矿Medium n. 介质，媒介，中间物，培养基Dilate v. （使）膨胀，扩张，扩大Dilated bed 松散床层Dilation n. 膨胀系数，传播，伸缩，蔓延Lip n. 凸出部分，唇部Diverse adj. 不同的，互异的，各种各样的Table n. 摇床，淘汰盘Tabling 摇床选，淘汰选Motion n. 运动，输送，行程，机械装置，运动机构Sink-float separation 重介质分选Suspension n. 悬浮物，悬浮液Cone n. 圆锥体，锥形漏斗，圆锥破碎机Stir n. v. 移动，摇动，搅拌Stirrer n. 搅拌器，搅拌机Rotary adj. 旋转的，回转的，转动的Circumference n. 圆周，周边Rotating motion 旋转装置，旋转设备Floatation n. 浮选Pulp n. 矿浆，浆料v. 制浆，浆化Sluice n. 槽，排水道，水槽Froth floatation 泡沫浮选Hematite n. 赤铁矿Pyrolusite n. 软锰矿Diamond n. 金刚石Graphite n. 石墨Ore dressing concerns with the technology of treatment of ores to concentrate their valuable constituents (minerals) into products (concentrate) of smaller bulk, and simultaneously to collect the worthless material (gangue) into discardable waste (tailing). The fundamental operations of ore-dressing processes are the breaking apart of the associated constituents of the ore by mechanical means (severance) and the separation of the severed components (beneficiation) into concentrate and tailing, using mechanical or physical methods which do not effect substantial chemical changes.1Severance. Comminution is a single, or multistage processes whereby ore is reduced from run-of-mine size to that size needed by the beneficiation processes. The process is intended to detailed control, a class of particles containing both mineral and gangue (middling particles) are also produced. The smaller the percentage of middling the greater the degree of liberation. Comminution is divided into crushing (down to 6-to 14-mush) and grinding (down to micron size). Crushing is usually done in three stages: coarse crushing from run-of-mine size to 4-6 in., or coarser; intermediate crushing down to about 1/2 in.; and fine crushing to 1/4 in. or less. Screen is a method of sizing whereby graded products are produced, the individual particles in each grade being of nearly the same size. In beneficiation, screening is practiced for two reasons: as and integral part of the separate on process, for example, in jigging, and to produce a feed of such size range as is compatible with the applicability of the separation process.Beneficiation. This step consists of two fundamental operations: the determination that an individual particle is either a mineral or a gangue particle (selection); and the movement of selected particles via different paths (separation) into the concentrate and tailing products.2 When middling particles occur, they will either be selected according to their mineral content and then caused to report as concentrate or tailing, or be separated as a third product (middling).3 In the latter case, the middling is reground to achieve further liberation, and the product is fed back into the stream of material being treated.Selections based upon some physical or chemical property in which the mineral and gangue particles differ in kind or degree or both. Thus in picking, the old form of beneficiation, color, luster, and shape are used to decide whether a lump of ore is predominantly mineral or gangue. Use is made of differences in other physical or chemical properties, such as specific gravity, magnetic permeability, inductive charging (electrostatic separation), surface chemical properties, bulk chemical properties, weak planes of fracture (separation by screening), and gamma-ray emission (automatic sorting of radioactive nature).Separation is achieved by subjecting each particle of the mixture to a set of forces that is usually the same irrespective of the nature of the particles excepting for the force based upon the discriminating property. This force may be present for both mineral and gangue particles but differing in magnitude, or it may be present for one type of particle and absent for the other. As a result of this difference separation ispossible, and the particles are collected as concentrate or tailing.Magnetic separation utilizes the force exerted by a magnetic field upon magnetic materials to counteract partially or wholly the effect of gravity. Thus under the action of these two forces different paths are produced for the magnetic and nonmagnetic particles.Gravity concentration is based on a discriminating force, the magnitude of which varies with specific gravity. The other force that is usually operating in gravity methods is the resistance to relative motion exerted upon the particles by the fluid or semi-fluid medium in which separation takes place Jigging is a gravity method that separates mineral from gangue particle by utilizing an effective difference in settling rate through a periodically dilated bed. During the dilation heavier particles work their way to the bottom while the lighter particles remain on top and are discharged over the lip. Jigging is practiced on materials that are liberated upon being reduced to sizes ranging from 3/2 in., down to several millimeters. It has been used on such diverse ores as coal, iron ores, gold and lead ores.Tabling is a gravity method in which the feed, introduced onto an inclined plane and reciprocated deck, moves in the direction of motion while simultaneously being washed by a water film which moves it also at right angles to the motion of the deck.4 The heavier mineral and the lighter gangue are usually collected over the edges of the deck. The boundary between the heavier mineral and lighter gangue particles is roughly a linear diagonal band on the deck of the table. This diagonal band is not stationary; rather it tends to move about a mean position. In practice therefore, a third product, the middling, is collected between the discharge edges of concentrate and gangue. If the feed to the table has been crushed or ground to produce liberation, then the middling is returned to the feed. If liberation has not been achieved, the middling is returned to the crushing-grinding section of the mill. Tables may be used to treat relatively coarse material (sand tables) with sizes ranging from about 2~3 mm down to 0.07 mm.Sink-float separation is the simplest gravity method and is based on existing differences in specific gravity. The feed particles are introduced into a suspension, the specific gravity of which is between that of the mineral and gangue particles, with the result that particles of higher specific gravity sink while those of lower specific gravity float.5The separator is a cone equipped with a slowly operated stirrer which serves to impart slow rotary motion to the suspension and prevent the suspension from settling out on the walls. Feed is introduced at one point of the circumference and is slowly moved by the rotating motion of the suspension. By the time this material has reached the discharge point on the circumference, those particles whose specific gravity is greater than that of the suspension have moved down through the suspension so that only float particles are discharged at the top, the sink particles are discharged at the bottom.Flotation is used to separate valuable minerals from waste rock or gangue, in which the ground ore is suspended in water and, after chemical treatment, subjected to bubbles of air. The minerals that are to be floated attach to the air bubbles, rise through the suspension, and are removed with the froth that forms on top of the pulp. Froth flotation was first used to recover sulfide minerals that were too fine to be recovered by gravity concentrators such as jigs, tables, and sluices. Froth flotation is also used to concentrate oxide minerals such as hematite (Fe2O3) and pyrolusite (MnO2), and native elements such as sulfur, silver, gold, copper and carbon (both graphite and diamond). Froth flotation is also used to separate the silicate minerals.Lesson 5 Materials Science and EngineeringEmbrace 包括Ceramics 陶瓷Inanimate 无生命的Homogeneous 均匀的Predominate 主导Rigidity 刚性Weldability 可焊性Composite 复合材料Spectrum 种类Brass 黄铜Bronze 青铜Invar 因钢(NiFe) Cement 水泥Ferrite 铁素体Garnet 石榴石PVC 聚氯乙烯Polyethylene 聚乙烯PTFE 聚四氟乙烯Terylene 涤纶nylon 尼龙leather 皮革reinforced 增强dispersion 弥散supersonic 超声波optimum 最优fabrication 人工制作invariable 不变的corrosion 腐蚀fatigue 疲劳assess 评估1. Materials Science“Materials Science” is a subject for engineers of the modern age. It embraces a study of different materials regarding their structures, properties and uses. The “material” here does not refer to all matter in the Universe. If this were so, it would include all the physical sciences and the life sciences form astronomy to zoology. We can restrict the definition only to matter useful to mankind. Even here, the range is too broad for the purposes of the engineer. For example, we can list a large number of things useful, to man, such as food, medicines, explosives, chemicals, water, steel, plastics and concrete, only a few of which qualify as engineering materials. We have then to be more specific, and define materials as that part of inanimate matter that is useful to the engineer in the practice of his profession.1Recently the term, materials refer only to solid materials, even though it is possible to quote a number of examples of liquid and gaseous materials such as sulfuric acid and steam, which are useful to the engineer.The word ‘science’ refers to the physical science, in particular to chemistry and physics. As we confine ourselves mainly to solid in material science, the subject is related to solid state chemistry and solid state physics. The engineering usefulness of the matter under study is always deep in mind. In this respect,material ceramics science comes heavily from the engineering sciences such as metallurgy, and polymer science. These, in their own time, have grown out of their interaction with the basic sciences of chemistry and physics.Therefore, Material Science refers to that branch of applied science concerned with investigating the relationship existing between the structure of materials and their properties, and it concerns with the interdisciplinary study of materials for entirely practical purposes.2 Material science has developed rapidly during the last ten years. The new approach of material science has paid of handsomely in many ways and they have solved the problems in selection of right materials in complex situations.2. Classes of Engineering MaterialsWithin the scope of material science, the engineering materials may be classified in three broad groups according to their mode of occurrence:(1) Metals and alloys(2) Ceramics(3) Organic polymers.A metal is an elemental substance. An alloy is a homogeneous mixture of two or more metals or a metal and nonmetal. Among the solid materials, metals and alloys predominate because of their useful characteristics of hardness, strength, rigidity, formability, machinability, weldability, conductivity and dimensional stability.Ceramics are materials consisting of phases. A phase is a physically separable and chemically homogeneous constituent of a material. These are themselves compounds of metallic and non-metallic elements. All metallic compounds, rocks minerals, glass, glass-fiber, abrasives and all fired clays are ceramics.Organic materials are those materials derived directly from carbon. They usually consist of carbon chemically combined with hydrogen, oxygen or other nonmetallic substances, and their structures are, in many instances, fairly complex. Plastics and synthetic rubbers are common organic engineering materials.Table 1 shows a broad spectrum of engineering materials which shows not only typical examples from each of these three groups but also gives a number of examples of materials which are composite up of two groups.3 In general, in each and every engineering application we find material from all the three basic types of materials described above.Table 1. Some important grouping of materialsSince the engineer must specify the materials for TV sets, computers, suspension bridges, oil refineries, rocket motors, nuclear reactors, or supersonic transports he must have sufficient knowledge to select the optimum material for each application. Although experience provides the engineer with a starting point for selection of materials, the skill of the engineer will be limited unless he understands the factors that contribute to the properties of materials.43. Selection of MaterialsRight type of material is to be selected for a particular type of work. The selections of the right materials for given requirements, the proper use of those materials, development of new ways of using them for greater effectiveness, all are direct responsibility of the engineer.To fulfill this responsibility, the engineer must have a thorough knowledge of the nature and behavior of materials. The study of the nature of materials has its foundation in chemistry and physics and that of behavior of materials involves the application, of the principles of the nature of materials, under the varied conditions found in engineering practice.3 This behavior of materials is determined by composition, structure, service conditions, and the interactions among them. All materials have limitations within whichthey perform well but beyond which they cannot be used satisfactorily.However, the selection of a material for a specific application is invariably a thorough, lengthy, and expensive investigation. Almost always more than one material is suited to the application, and the final selection is a compromise that weights the relative advantages and disadvantages. The varied requirements to three broad demands: (1) Service requirements; (2) Fabrication requirements; (3) Economic requirements.The service requirements have important role in material selection. The material must stand up to service demands. Such demands commonly include dimensional stability, corrosion resistance, adequate strength, hardness, and toughness, heat resistance. In addition to any such basic requirements, other properties may be required such as a low electrical resistance, high or low heat conductivity, fatigue resistance, or others.Fabrication requirements are also to be considered in material selection. It must be possible to shape the material, and to join it to other material. The assessment of fabrication requirements concerns questions of machinability, hardenability, heat treatability, ductility, castability, and weldability, qualities that are sometime quite difficult to assess.Along with the above two requirements, the economic requirements give final shape in material selection. Goods must be produced at lower cost. The object is the minimum over all cost of the component to be made, and this objective is sometimes attained only by increasing one or more of the cost componentsLesson 6 MetallurgyMetallurgy n. 冶金，冶金学Non-ferrous metallurgy 有色冶金学Chlorine metallurgy 氯化冶金学Powder metallurgy 粉末冶金学Extractive metallurgy 提取冶金学Meteoric iron 陨铁Craftsmanship n. 手艺，技能Craftsman n. 技工，工匠Ornamental adj. 装饰用的，观赏的n. 装饰品Metalworking n. 金属加工Ceremonial adj. 正式的，礼仪的，仪式的Decorative adj. 装饰的Decorative arts 装饰艺术Cast n. v. 铸造，铸件Process metallurgy 过程冶金Production metallurgy 生产冶金Physical metallurgy 物理冶金Chemical metallurgy 化学冶金Mechanical metallurgy 机械冶金，力学冶金Unit operation 单元操作Unit process 单元过程Flux n. 熔剂Solvent n. 溶剂Slag n. 渣，炉渣v. 造渣Electrolyte n. 电解质，电解液Depletion n. 用尽，消耗，贫化，提取金属Deposit n. v. 沉积，沉淀，电积Blast furnace 鼓风炉，高炉Crude iron 生铁crystal structure 晶体结构neutron n. 中子diffraction n. 衍射crystal imperfection 晶体缺陷plastic deformation 塑性变形metallography n. 金相学microscopy n. 显微镜学，显微技术forging n. 锻造，锻件blowhole n. 气孔thermodynamics n. 热力学kinetics n. 动力学Steelmaking n. 炼钢Scrape n. 废料Leach v. 浸出，溶出Electrochemical reduction cell 电化学还原电池Inorganic chemistry 无机化学Pyro-metallurgy 火法冶金Hydro-metallurgy 湿法冶金elevated temperature 高温reduce v. 还原reduction n. 还原charcoal n. 木炭，炭spontaneous adj. 天然的，自动的，自发的residue n. 残渣，剩余物，残余物，炉渣roasting n. 焙烧pig iron 粗铁，生铁refine v. n. 精炼，提纯，纯化uranium n. 铀tungsten n. 钨molybdenum n. 钼isolate v. 隔离，隔绝，切断recovery n. 回收，回收率，回复，恢复scope n. 范围，领域，目标revert n. 返料metalloid n. 类金属adj. 类金属的selenium n. 硒tellurium n. 碲amenability n. 可控制性，可处理性adaptability n. 适应性hafnium n. 铪zirconium n. 锆flexibility n. 适应性，灵活性Metallurgy is the science of metallic materials. Metallurgy as a branch of engineering is concerned with the production of metals and alloys, their adaptation to use, and their performance in service. As a science, metallurgy is concerned with the chemical reactions involved in the processes by which metals are produced and the chemical, physical, and mechanical behavior of metallic materials.1Metallurgy has played an important role in the history of civilization. Metals were first produced more than 6000 year age. Because only a few metals, principally gold, silver, copper and meteoric iron, occur in the uncombined state in nature, and then only in small quantities, primitive metallurgists had to discover ways of extracting metals from their ores. Fairly large-scale production of some metals was carried out with technical competence in early Near Eastern and Mediterranean civilizations and in the Middle Ages in central and northern Europe. Basic metallurgical skills were also developed in other parts of the world.The winning of metals would have been of little value without the ability to work them. Great craftsmanship in metalworking developed in early times; the objects produced included jewelry, large ornamental and ceremonial objects, tools and weapons. It may be noted that almost all early materials and techniques that later had important useful applications were discovered and first used in the decorative arts.2 In the Middle Ages metalworking was in the hands of individual or groups of craftsmen. The scale and capabilities of metalworking developed with the growth of industrial organizations. Today’s metallurgical plants supply metals and alloys to the manufacturing and construction industries in many forms such as beams, plates, sheets, bars, wire, and castings. Rapidly developing technologies such as communications, nuclear power, and space exploration continue to demand new techniques of metal production and processing.The field of metallurgy may be divided into process metallurgy, (production metallurgy, extractive metallurgy) and physical metallurgy. According to another system of classification, metallurgy comprises chemical metallurgy, mechanical metallurgy (metal processing and mechanical behavior in service), and physical metallurgy. The more common division into process metallurgy and physical metallurgy, which isadopted here, classifies metal processing as a part of process metallurgy and the mechanical behavior of metals as a part of physical metallurgy.Process metallurgy Process metallurgy, the science and technology used in the productions of metals, employs some of the unit operations and unit processes as chemical engineering. These operations and processes are carried out with ores, concentrates, scrap metals, fuels, fluxes, slag, solvents, and electrolytes. Different metal adopts different combinations of operations and processes, but typically the production of a metal involves two major steps. The first is the production of an impure metal from ore minerals, commonly oxides or sulfides, and the second is the refining of the reduced impure metal, for example, by selective oxidation of impurities or by electrolysis. Process metallurgy is continually challenged by the demand for metals that have not been produced previously or are difficult to produce; by the depletion of the richer and more easily processed ores of the traditional metals; and by the need for metals of greater purity and higher quality. The mining of leaner ores has greatly enhanced the importance of ore dressing methods for enriching raw materials for metal production. Several nonferrous metals are commonly produced from concentrates. Iron ores are also increasingly treated by ore dressing.Process metallurgy today mainly involves large scale operations. A single blast furnace produces crude iron at the rate of 3,00~11,000 tons per day. A basic oxygen furnace for steelmaking consumes 800 tons of pure oxygen together with required amounts of crude iron and scrap to produce 12,000 tons of steel per day. Advanced methods of process analysis and control are now being applied to such processing system. The application of vacuum to extraction and refining processes, the leaching of low-grade ores for the extraction of metals, the use of electrochemical reduction cells, and the refining of reactive metals by processing through the vapor state are other important developments.Because the production of metals employs many different chemical reactions, process metallurgy has been closely associated with inorganic chemistry. Techniques for analyzing ores and metallurgical products originated several centuries ago and represented an early stage of analytical chemistry. Application of physical chemistry to equilibrium and kinetics of metallurgical reactions has led to great progress in metallurgical chemistry.According to temperature at which the process is carried out process metallurgy may be divided into pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy. Pyrometallurgy is processes employing chemical reactions at elevated temperatures for the extractions of metals from ores and concentrates. The use of heat to cause reduction of copper ores by charcoal dates from before 3,000 B.C. The techniques of pyrometallurgy have been gradually perfected as knowledge of chemistry has grown and as sources of controlled heating andmaterials of construction for use at high temperature have become available.3Pyrometallurgy is the principal means of metal production.The advantages of high temperature for metallurgical processing are several: chemical reaction rates are rapid, reaction equilibriums change so that processes impossible at low temperature become spontaneous at higher temperature, and production of the metal as liquid or gas facilitates physical separation of metal from residue.4The processes of pyrometallurgy may be divided into preparation processes which convert the raw material to a form suitable for further processing (for example, roasting to convert sulfides to oxides), reduction processes which reduce metallic compounds to metal (the blast furnace which reduces iron oxide to pig iron), and refining processes which remove impurities from crude metal (fractional distillation to remove iron, lead, and cadmium from crude zinc).The complete production scheme, from ore to refined metal, may employ pyrometallurgical processes (steel, lead, tin, zinc), or only the primary extraction processes may be pyrometallurgical, with other methods used for refining (copper, nickel). 5 In some case (uranium, tungsten, molybdenum), isolated pyrometallurgical processes are used in a treatment scheme that is predominately nonpyrometallurgical.Hydrometallurgy is the extraction and recovery of metals from their ores by processes in which aqueous solutions play predominant role. Two distinct processes are involved in hydrometallurgy; putting the metal values in the ore into solution via the operation known as leaching; and recovering the metal values from solution, usually after a suitable solution purification or concentration step, or both. The scope of hydrometallurgy is quite broad and extends beyond the processing of ores to the treatment of metal concentrates, metal scrap and revert materials, and intermediate products in metallurgical processes. Hydrometallurgy enters into the production of practically all nonferrous metals and or metalloids, such as selenium and tellurium.The advantages of hydrometallurgy are applicability to low-grade ores (copper, uranium, gold, silver), amenability to the treatment of materials of quite different compositions and concentrations, adaptability to separation of highly similar materials (hafnium from zirconium), flexibility in terms of the scale of operations, simplified materials handling as compared with pyrometallurgy, and good operational and environmental control.Physical metallurgy investigates the effects of composition and treatment on the structure of metal and the relations of the structure to the properties of metals. Physical metallurgy is also concerned with the engineering applications of scientific principles to the fabrication, mechanical treatment, heat treatment, and service behavior of metals.The structure of metals consists of their crystal structure, which is investigated by x-ray, electron, and neutron diffraction, their microstructure, which is the subject or metallography, and their macrostructure. Crystal imperfections provide mechanisms for processes occurring in solid metals, for example, the movement of dislocations results in plastic deformation. Crystal imperfections are investigated by x-ray diffraction and metallographic methods, especially electron microscopy. The microstructure is determined by the constituent phases and the geometrical arrangement of the microcrystals (grains) formed by those phases. Macrostructure is important in industrial metals. Phase transformations occurring in the solid state underlie many heat-treatment operations. The thermodynamics and kinetics of these transformations are a major concern of physical metallurgy. Physical metallurgy also investigates changes in the structure and properties resulting from mechanical working of metals.Lesson 12 Calcination and RoastingCalcination n. 焙烧，煅烧 calcine 焙砂 Decomposition n. 分解，裂解 Metal hydrate 金属氢氧化物 Carbonate n. 碳酸盐 Basic sulphate 碱式硫酸盐 Rotary kiln 回转窑 Shaft furnace 竖炉 Dead roasting 死烧 Sulphating roasting 硫酸化焙烧 Reduction roasting 还原焙烧 equillibrium constant 平衡常数 kellog diagram 凯洛格相图 predominance n. 优势，优越 predominance area 优势区 partial roasting 部分焙烧 selective roasting 选择性焙烧 chloridizing roast 氯化焙烧 smelt n. v. 熔炼noble adj. 贵重的，惰性的noble metal 惰性金属，贵金属 hypothetical adj. 假定的，有前提的 fume n. 烟气halide n. 卤化物volatilizing roast 挥发焙烧 magnetizing roast 磁化焙烧magnetite n. 磁铁矿flash roaster 闪速焙烧炉,飘悬焙烧炉 inject v. 喷射，喷入fluidise v. 流态化fluidized bed roaster 流态化焙烧炉 burner n. 喷嘴suspend v. 悬浮，漂浮fluo-solids roaster 流化-闪速焙烧炉 matte n. 冰铜，锍reverberatory furnace 反射炉1. CalcinationCalcination involves the chemical decomposition of the mineral and is achieved by heating to above the mineral’s decom position temperature (T D ) or by reducing the partial pressure of the gaseous product (P H 2O , P CO 2) below that of its equilibrium partial pressure for a certain constant temperature.1 For example,CaCO 3 = CaO + CO 2T D = 900℃ (under standard thermodynamic conditions)Calcination is mainly used to remove water, CO 2 and other gases which are chemically bound in metal hydrate and carbonates as these minerals have relatively low decomposition temperatures.2Calcinations are conducted in rotary kilns, shaft furnaces or fluidized bed furnaces.2. Roasting of metal concentratesThe most important roasting reactions are those concerning metal sulfide concentrates and involve chemical combination with the roasting atmosphere.Possible reactions include:MS + 3O 2 = 2MO + 2SO 2 (dead roast)MS + 2O 2 = MSO 4 (sulfating roast)MS + O 2 = M + SO 2 (reduction roast)Other equilibria which need to be taken into account include:(1/2)S 2 + O 2 = SO 2 andSO 2 + (1/2)O 2 = SO 3。
冶金专业英语词汇(A—Z)
♦ A♦安全系数safety factor♦奥氏体austenite♦ B♦拔管机drawbench♦板材plate product♦板料冲压sheet metal parts♦板坯billet♦半成品semifinished product♦半导体元件semiconductor element ♦棒材bar♦贝氏体bainite♦箅条grid♦变速器speed changer♦变速箱gearbox♦变速箱体gearbox casing♦变形deformation♦变形力deforming force♦变压器transformer♦标准件standard component♦表面变形surface deformation♦表面硬化case hardening♦冰晶石cryolite♦剥落spalling♦薄板plate, sheet♦不定积分indefinite integral♦不锈钢stainless steel♦步进电机stepper motor♦布氏硬度brinell hardness♦ C♦残余应力residual stress♦插齿gear shaping♦超声传感器ultrasonic sensor♦车床lathe♦车刀lathe tool♦车架automotive chassis♦车间workshop♦车削turning♦成品finished product♦成型moulding, molding♦成型辊- forming rolls♦尺寸标注size marking♦齿轮gear♦齿轮加工gear machining♦赤铁矿haematite♦齿轮齿条pinion and rack♦冲压stamping, pressing♦重熔 remelting♦出铁 tapping♦出铁口taphole♦初轧方坯bloom♦初轧机blooming mill♦除尘器dust catcher♦除垢descale♦触发器flip-flop♦传动drive, transmission♦床式反射炉 hearth furnace♦吹炬blowlamp♦磁路magnetic circles♦伺服电机actuating motor♦粗糙asperity♦粗钢crude steel♦粗加工rough machining♦脆性brittleness♦脆性材料brittleness material♦淬火hardening; quench, quenching♦淬火层quench hardened case ; quenched case♦淬火冷却quench♦淬火深度hardness penetration; depth of hardening ♦淬水hardening♦淬透性hardenability; hardening capacity♦ D♦打桩锤pile hammer♦带状薄板coiled sheet♦挡板orifice plate; baffle plate♦刀尖nose of tool♦刀具cutter♦导轨lead rail♦导数differential coefficient♦导卫板fore plate♦倒角rounding chamfer♦低碳钢mild steel, soft steel♦电动机electromotor♦电镀plating♦电工钢electric steel♦电弧焊arc welding♦电化学腐蚀electrochemical corrosion♦电火花加工electric spark machining♦电火花线切割加工electrical discharge wire - cutting ♦电解electrolysis♦电路circuit♦电冶金学electrometallurgy♦垫圈washer♦定积分definite integral♦定径辊size rolls♦定位allocation♦定义域definitional domain♦锭模ingot mould♦动力学dynamic♦动量momentum♦动能kinetic energy♦锻钢forged steel; hammered steel; wrought steel♦煅烧calcination♦锻造forging♦断裂fracture♦ E♦二阶行列式second order determinant♦ F♦发黑black oxide coating♦发生器generator♦阀门valve♦钒vanadium♦反馈feedback♦反射炉 reverberatory furnace♦反应罐retort♦范成法generation method♦放渣口slag tap♦废铁scrap iron♦分析力学analyse mechanics♦粉化 pulverization♦粉末冶金学powder metallurgy♦风口tuyere, nozzle♦浮选 floatation, flotation♦腐蚀rust♦G♦概率probability♦坩埚钢cast steel感应淬火impedance matching；induction hardening ♦钢steel♦钢厂steelworks, steel mill♦钢带metal strip, metal band♦钢锭steel ingot♦刚度rigidity♦刚度准则rigidity criterion♦钢坯billet♦钢铁工业iron and steel industry♦高铬辊high chromium roll♦高铬滚轮high chromium wheel♦高铬合金轧辊high chromium alloy roll♦高速钢high-speed steel♦镉cadmium♦铬chromium♦功率power♦工程技术人员engineer♦工件workpiece♦攻丝tap♦工业造型设计industrial moulding design♦工作层working face; working lining♦汞齐化amalgamation♦共轭曲线conjugate curve♦鼓风炉blast furnace♦固溶处理solution treatment♦固溶体solid solution♦固态相变solid state phase changes♦光谱分析spectrum analysis♦硅silicon♦辊roller♦滚齿hobbing♦滚动轴承rolling bearing♦过盈配合interference fit♦H♦含碳量carbon content♦焊weld♦焊接钢管welded steel pipe，welded steel tube，welding steel tube ♦合成进给运动resultant movement of feed♦合成切削运动resultant movement of cutting♦合成切削运动方向direction of resultant movement of cutting♦合成纤维synthetic fibre♦合金alloy♦合金钢alloy steel♦合金化alloyage; alloying♦宏观硬度macro hardness♦后角clearance angle♦滑动轴承sliding bearing♦划痕scuffing♦化铁炉cupola♦画法几何descriptive geometry♦还原reduction♦黄铜brass♦回火temper♦I♦J♦机床machine tool♦机床夹具jig♦机加工machining♦机械加工余量machining allowance♦机械零件mechanical parts♦机械能守恒conservation of mechanical energy♦机械制图mechanical drawing♦基体matrix♦基体硬度matrix hardness♦基准benchmark♦集成电路integrate circuit♦几何形状geometrical♦挤压extrusion♦挤压辊squeeze roll; squeezing roller♦技术要求technical requirements♦加工machining, tooling♦加工中心machining center♦加热heating♦夹砂sonim♦夹杂物inclusion♦夹渣cinder inclusion♦剪切shear♦键spline♦交流电路AC circuit♦焦炭coke♦角钢angle iron♦绞孔fraising♦绞刀reamer♦搅炼puddling♦搅炼熟铁puddled iron♦矫直straighten♦结合剂bonding agent♦截面section♦介质medium♦金属工艺学technology of metals♦金属切削metal cutting♦金相试验metallographic test♦金相组织metallurgical structure; metallographic structure ♦进给方向direction of feed♦进给运动feed movement♦进行退火process anneal♦精度precision♦精加工finish machining♦晶格lattice♦晶粒grain♦晶粒度grain size♦精炼refining♦精炼炉 refining furnace♦卷扬机hoist♦K♦卡盘chuck♦可编程序逻辑控制器Programmable Logic Controller PLC ♦可靠性reliability♦可倾式混铁炉tilting mixer♦空冷air cooling♦孔加工spot facing machining♦L♦拉拔drawing♦拉床broaching machine♦拉孔broaching♦拉模板drawplate♦拉模铸造die casting♦拉伸pulling♦拉伸强度tensile strength♦拉伸试验tensile test♦拉丝wiredrawing♦拉丝机drawbench♦冷加工cold machining♦冷却cooling♦冷弯形钢cold bending shape steel♦冷作模具钢cold-work die steel♦离合器clutch♦离散信号discrete signal♦联结link♦联轴器coupling♦链chain♦炼焦coking♦炼焦厂coking plant♦料车skip♦料斗hopper, chute♦裂纹crack♦磷phosphor; phosphorus♦零件图part drawing♦硫sulfur; sulphur♦流体动力学fluid dynamics♦流体力学fluid mechanics♦炉底hearth♦炉顶 roof, arch♦炉腹bosh♦炉缸crucible♦炉口mouth, throat♦炉冷furnace cooling♦炉料charging♦炉身stack♦逻辑代数logic algebra♦逻辑电路logic circuit♦螺钉screw♦螺纹thread♦螺纹加工thread processing♦螺旋helix♦洛氏硬度rockwell hardness♦落差fall♦落锤 drop hammer♦铝 alumina♦M♦马弗炉muffle♦马口铁tinplate, tin♦马氏体martensite♦脉冲波形pulse shape♦脉石 gangue♦毛坯rough♦煤气净化器gas purifier♦门电路gate circuit♦锰manganese♦摩擦friction♦磨床grinder♦磨粒abrasive particle♦磨损wear; galling; abrasion; attrition;♦磨屑abrasive dust♦钼molybdenum♦N♦耐火砖衬firebrick lining♦耐磨wear resistance; antifriction♦耐磨性wear resistance; wear properties♦耐热heat resistance♦耐热钢heat resistance steel; refractory steel ♦耐热铁铸件heat resistance iron casting♦耐用度durability♦挠度deflection♦内力internal force♦内圆磨削internal grinding♦逆矩阵inverse matrix♦粘钢dead burning♦镍铬恒弹性钢elinvar♦镍铁ferronickel♦扭力torsion♦扭转twist♦O♦P♦排空装置emptier♦喷钢砂（处理）grit blasting♦喷砂（处理）sand blasting♦喷丸（处理）shot blasting♦坯锭billet♦疲劳极限fatigue limit♦皮带strap♦偏微分partial differential♦偏析segregation♦频率特性frequency characteristic♦平面磨削plane grinding♦平台floor♦破碎机 crusher♦剖视图profile chart♦Q♦汽缸cylinder♦气动夹紧pneuma lock♦气孔 blowhole; pore♦气体状态方程equation of state of gas♦气压air pressure; pneumatic pressure♦千分尺micrometer calipers♦前角rake angle♦前刀面rake face♦钳工locksmith♦强度intensity♦强韧性obdurability♦切线tangent♦切削深度cutting depth♦清理焊缝trimming♦青铜bronze♦求导derivation♦球墨铸铁nodular cast iron; ductile cast iron ♦屈服强度yield strength♦屈氏体troostite♦曲柄crank♦曲率curvature♦R♦热处理heat treatment; thermal treatment ♦热加工hot-work♦热交换器heat exchanger♦热强钢refractory steel♦熔剂flux♦熔炼fusion, melting, smelting♦蠕变creep♦软钢mild steel, soft steel♦S♦三相交流电three-phase AC(alternating current) ♦砂轮grinding wheel♦烧结fritting, sintering♦烧嘴burner♦摄像头CCD camera♦渗氮nitriding♦渗碳体 cementite；iron carbide♦渗碳carburization♦生铁 pig iron♦失效invalidation♦十字结联轴节crosshead♦石灰石溶剂 limestone flux♦时效处理aging treatment♦使用寿命service life♦视图view♦势能potential energy♦试样test specimen♦熟铁wrought iron♦数模digital analogy♦数学模型mathematical model♦竖炉shaft furnace♦丝杠screw rod♦酸洗pickling♦塑性变形plastic distortion♦随机变量random variable♦随机信号random signal♦缩孔shrinkage♦索氏体sorbite♦T♦弹簧spring♦弹塑性elasto plasticity♦弹性elasticity♦碳化铁 cementite♦碳化物carbide♦镗床boring machine♦陶瓷ceramics♦套筒sleeve♦剃边shavings♦调质hardening and tempering♦铁厂ironworks♦铁醇盐ferrite♦铁带 metal strip, metal band♦铁锭iron ingot♦铁钒土bauxite♦铁水包ladle♦铁水沟trough♦铁素体ferrite♦铁氧体 ferrite♦铁制品ferrous products♦投影projection♦凸轮cam♦退火annealing；anneal♦脱碳decarbonization, decarburization♦U♦V♦W♦瓦垅薄钢板corrugated iron♦外圆磨削external grinding♦弯曲应力bending stress♦微分differential coefficient♦维氏硬度vickers hardness, diamond pyramid hardness ♦位移displacement♦稳定性stability♦涡轮压缩机turbocompressor♦蜗杆蜗轮worm and worm gear♦钨tungsten♦无缝钢管seamless steel pipe, seamless steel tube♦误差error♦雾化pulverization♦X♦析出separate out♦洗涤塔washer♦夏氏冲击试验charpy impact test♦显微硬度micro hardness♦线材wire♦线性方程组linear equations♦铣床milling machine♦铣刀milling cutter♦铣削milling♦响应response♦相图phase diagram♦销pin♦消除残余应力relaxation of residual stress♦斜齿圆柱齿轮helical-spur gear♦芯部core segment♦型材section♦型钢profiled bar♦虚约束passive constraint♦蓄热室regenerator♦悬架suspension♦压锻 press♦压模stamping♦压缩hitting; compress♦压缩机compressor♦延伸率elongation♦氧化oxidation♦氮化物nitride♦氧化皮scale♦氧炔焊autogenous welding,fusion welding ♦摇杆rocker♦液压hydraulic pressure♦液压泵hydraulic pump♦液压传动机构fluid drive mechanism♦液压驱动泵fluid clutch♦冶金行业Metallurgical Industry♦一次碳化物primary carbide♦异步(感应)电动机asynchronous motor ♦异型钢材profiled bar♦应力stress♦应力释放stress relief♦硬度hardness；rigidity♦硬度计hardness tester♦硬钢hard steel♦优化设计optimal design♦游标卡尺slide caliper♦油冷oil cooling♦有色金属nonferrous metal♦有限元finite element♦余子式cofactor♦预热preheating♦原料stock; material♦圆铁round iron♦运动简图kinematic sketch♦运动学kinematics♦Z♦载荷load♦造渣slagging, scorification♦轧钢rolling steel♦轧钢机rolling mill♦轧机rolling mill♦轧机机架rolling-mill housing♦轧制 rolling♦正火normalizing♦正弦形的sinusoid♦直齿圆柱齿轮straight toothed spur gear ♦直齿锥齿轮straight bevel gear♦直缝straight stitch♦直缝焊管butt welded pipe ;butt welded tube ;straight welded tubing ♦直流电源DC electrical source♦值域range♦制动器arrester♦制模patternmaking♦轴shaft♦轴线axes♦珠光体perlite; pearlite♦主运动main movement♦主运动方向direction of main movement♦主轴spindle♦主轴箱headstock♦注入to insufflate, to inject♦铸床pig bed♦铸钢cast steel; moulded steel♦铸模mould♦铸铁cast iron♦铸铁锭cast iron ingot♦铸造casting; found♦铸造车间foundry♦转向器redirector♦转炉converter♦装料 charging, loading♦装料机charger♦装配assembling♦装配图assembly drawing♦组件subassembly♦钻床drill machine♦钻削bore。
冶金专业英语词汇整理
专业英语词汇1 总论采矿mining地下采矿underground mining露天采矿open cut mining, open pit mining, surface mining采矿工程mining engineering选矿（学）mineral dressing, ore beneficiation, mineral processing 矿物工程mineral engineering冶金（学）metallurgy过程冶金（学）process metallurgy提取冶金（学）extractive metallurgy化学冶金（学）chemical metallurgy物理冶金（学）physical metallurgy金属学Metallkunde冶金过程物理化学physical chemistry of process metallurgy冶金反应工程学metallurgical reaction engineering冶金工程metallurgical engineering钢铁冶金（学）ferrous metallurgy, metallurgy of iron and steel有色冶金(学)nonferrous metallurgy真空冶金(学)vacuum metallurgy等离子冶金(学)plasma metallurgy微生物冶金(学)microbial metallurgy喷射冶金(学)injection metallurgy钢包冶金(学)ladle metallurgy二次冶金(学)secondary metallurgy机械冶金(学)mechanical metallurgy焊接冶金(学)welding metallurgy粉末冶金(学)powder metallurgy铸造学foundry火法冶金(学)pyrometallurgy湿法冶金(学)hydrometallurgy电冶金(学)electrometallurgy氯冶金(学)chlorine metallurgy矿物资源综合利用engineering of comprehensive utilization of mineral resources中国金属学会The Chinese Society for Metals中国有色金属学会The Nonferrous Metals Society of China2 采矿采矿工艺mining technology有用矿物valuable mineral冶金矿产原料metallurgical mineral raw materials矿床mineral deposit特殊采矿specialized mining海洋采矿oceanic mining, marine mining矿田mine field矿山mine 露天矿山surface mine地下矿山underground mine矿井shaft矿床勘探mineral deposit exploration矿山可行性研究mine feasibility study矿山规模mine capacity矿山生产能力mine production capacity矿山年产量annual mine output矿山服务年限mine life矿山基本建设mine construction矿山建设期限mine construction period矿山达产arrival at mine full capacity开采强度mining intensity矿石回收率ore recovery ratio矿石损失率ore loss ratio工业矿石industrial ore采出矿石extracted ore矿体orebody矿脉vein海洋矿产资源oceanic mineral resources矿石ore矿石品位ore grade岩石力学rock mechanics岩体力学rock mass mechanics3 选矿选矿厂concentrator, mineral processing plant 工艺矿物学process mineralogy开路open circuit闭路closed circuit流程flowsheet方框流程block flowsheet产率yield回收率recovery矿物mineral粒度particle size粗颗粒coarse particle细颗粒fine particle超微颗粒ultrafine particle粗粒级coarse fraction细粒级fine fraction网目mesh原矿run of mine, crude精矿concentrate粗精矿rough concentrate混合精矿bulk concentrate最终精矿final concentrate尾矿tailings粉碎comminution破碎crushing磨碎grinding团聚agglomeration筛分screening, sieving分级classification富集concentration分选separation手选hand sorting重选gravity separation, gravity concentration 磁选magnetic separation电选electrostatic separation浮选flotation化学选矿chemical mineral processing自然铜native copper铝土矿bauxite冰晶石cryolite磁铁矿magnetite赤铁矿hematite假象赤铁矿martite钒钛磁铁矿vanadium titano-magnetite铁燧石taconite褐铁矿limonite菱铁矿siderite镜铁矿specularite硬锰矿psilomelane软锰矿pyrolusite铬铁矿chromite黄铁矿pyrite钛铁矿ilmennite金红石rutile萤石fluorite高岭石kaolinite菱镁矿magnesite重晶石barite石墨graphite石英quartz方解石calcite石灰石limestone白云石dolomite云母mica石膏gypsum硼砂borax石棉asbestos蛇纹石serpentine阶段破碎stage crushing粗碎primary crushing中碎secondary crushing细碎fine crushing 对辊破碎机roll crusher粉磨机pulverizer震动筛vibrating screen筛网screen cloth筛孔screen opening筛上料oversize筛下料undersize粗磨coarse grinding细磨fine grinding球磨机ball mill衬板liner分级机classifier自由沉降free setting沉积sedimentation石灰lime松油pine oil硫化钠sodium sulfide硅酸钠（水玻璃）sodium silicate, water glass过滤filtration过滤机filter给矿，给料feeding给矿机feeder在线分析仪on line analyzer在线粒度分析仪on line size analyzer超声粒度计ultrasonic particle sizer, supersonic particle sizer4 冶金过程物理化学冶金过程热力学thermodynamics of metallurgical processes 统计热力学statistical thermodynamics不可逆过程热力学thermodynamics of irreversible processes 化学热力学chemical thernodynamics表面热力学surface thermodynamics合金热力学thermodynamics of alloys冶金热力学数据库thermodynamics databank in metallurgy 系system单元系single-componentsystem多元系multicomponent system均相系统homogeneous system广度性质extensive property强度性质intensive property过程process等温过程isothermal process等压过程isobaric process等容过程isochoric process绝热过程adiabatic process可逆过程reversible process不可逆过程irreversible process自发过程spontaneous process自理过程physical process化学过程chemical process冶金过程metallurgical process化学反应chemical reaction化合反应combination reaction分解反应decomposition reaction置换反应displacement reaction可逆反应reversible reaction不可逆反应irreversible reaction电化学反应electrochemical reaction多相反应multiphase reaction固态反应solid state reaction气一金(属)反应gas-metal reaction渣一金（属）反应slag-metal reaction平衡equilibrium化学平衡chemical equilibrium相平衡phase equilibrium热力学平衡thermodynamic equilibrium亚稳平衡metastable equilibrium热力学函数thermodynamic function偏摩尔量partial molar quantity总摩尔量integral molar quantity标准态standard state焓enthalpy生成焓enthalpy of formation反应焓enthalpy of reaction熵entropy吉布斯能Gibbs energy生成吉布斯能Gibbs energy of formation 反应吉布斯能Gibbs energy of reaction溶解吉布斯能Gibbs energy of solution吉布斯能函数Gibbs energy function化学位chemical potential热化学thermochemistry热效应heat effect热容heat capacity熔化热heat of fusion汽化热heat of vaporization升华热heat of sublimation相变热heat of phase transformation放热反应exothermic reaction吸热反应endothermic reaction赫斯定律Hess’s law相律phase rule相图phase diagram一元相图single-component phase diagram 二元相图binary-component phase diagram 三元相图ternary-component phase diagram 液相线liquidus固相线solidus共晶点eutectic point杠杆规则lever rule溶液solution溶质solute溶剂solvent 固溶体solid solution溶液浓度concentration of solution摩尔分数mole fraction冶金熔体metallurgical melt金属熔体metal melt(炉)渣,熔渣slag熔盐molten salt, fused salt理想溶液ideal solution真实溶液real solution正规溶液regular solution活度activity活度系数activity coefficient拉乌尔定律Raoult’s law亨利定律Henry’s law纯物质标准态pure substance standard质量１％溶液标准(态)1 mass% solution standard无限稀溶液参考态reference state of infinityly dilute solution相互作用系数interaction coefficient化学反应等温式chemical reaction isotherm吉布斯～亥姆霍兹方程Gibbs-Helmholtz equation质量作用定律law of mass action平衡常数equilibrium constant平衡值equilibrium value直接还原direct reduction间接还原indirect reduction金属热还原metallothermic reduction选择性氧化selective oxidation渣碱度basicity of slag光学破度optical basicity酸性氧化物acid oxide碱性氧化物basicoxide两性氧化物amphoteric泡沫渣foaming slag熔渣的分子理论molecular theory of slag熔渣的离子理论ionization theory of slag脱氧平衡deoxidation equilibrium脱氧常数deoxidation constant熔渣脱硫desulfurization by slag气态脱硫desulfurization in the gaseous state硫分配比sulfur partition ratio硫化物容量sulfide capacity氧化脱磷dephosphorization under oxidizing atmosphere磷分配比碳一氧平衡carbon-oxygen equilibrium真空脱碳vacuum decarburization去气degassing去除非金属夹杂(物)elimination of nonmetallic inclusion非金属夹杂(物)变形form modification of nonmetallic inclusion 脱硅desiliconization脱锰demanganization分配平衡distribution law化学气相沉积chemical vapor deposition(CVD)4.2 冶金过程动力学微观动力学microkinetics化学动力学chemical kinetics反应途径reaction path反应机理reaction mechanism基元反应elementary reaction平行反应parallel链反应chain reaction总反应overall reaction反应速率reaction rate反应速率常数reaction rate constant反应级数reaction order零级反应zero order reaction一级反应first order reaction二级反应second order reactionn级反应nth order reaction碰撞理论collision theory活化能activation energy表现活化能apparent activation energy阿伦尼乌斯方程Arrhenius equation半衰期half-life宏观动力学macrokinetics冶金过程动力学kinetics of metallurgical process 传输现象transport phenomena传质mass transfer传热heat transfer动量传输momentum transfer层流laminar flow湍流turbulent flow气泡gas bubble鼓泡bubbling射流jet液滴liquid droplet粘度viscosity边界层boundary layer流率flow rate通量flux扩散diffusion菲克第一扩散定律Fick’s 1st law of diffusion菲克第一扩散定律Fick’s 2nd law of diffusion 扩散系数diffusion coefficient传质系数mass transfer coefficient热传导heat conduction热对流heat convection自然对流natural convection强制对流forced convection热辐射heat radiation导热率thermal conductivity传热系数heat transfer coefficient体内浓度bulk concentration未反应核模型unreacted core model 扩散控制反应diffusion-controlled reaction化学控制反应chenical-controlled reaction混合控制反应mixed-controlled reaction相似原理priciple of similarity雷诺数Reynolds number固定床fiexed bed填充床packed bed移动床moving bed流态化床fluidized bed混合时间mixing time停留时间residence time, retention time催化catalysis催化剂catalyst表面能surface energy表面张力surface tension界面能interfacial energy界面张力interfacial tension润湿wetting表面活性物质surface-active substance吸收absorption吸附absorption4.3 冶金电化学冶金电化学metallurgical electrochemistry熔盐电化学electrochemistry of fused salts固态离子学solid state ionics电解质溶液electrolyte solution阳离子cation阴离子anion电导conductance电导率conductivity电阻resistance电极electrode阴极cathode阳极anode电镀electroplating固体电解质solid electrolyte稳定的氧化锆stablized zirconia氧传感器oxygen sensor硅传感器silicon sensor定氧测头oxygen probe定硅测头silicon probe4.4 冶金物理化学研究方法冶金物理化学研究方法research methods in metallurgical physical chemistry热电偶thermocouple量热计calorimeter热太平thermobalance热分析thermal analysis差热分析differential thermal analysis,DTA热重法thermogravimetry分子筛molecular sieve5 钢铁冶金 5.1 炼焦炼焦coking高温炭化high temperature carbonization塑性成焦机理plastic mechanism of coke formation中间相成焦机理mesophase mechanism of coke formation 选煤coal preparation, coal washing配煤coal blending配煤试验coal blending test炼焦煤coking coal气煤gas coal肥煤fat coal瘦煤lean coal焦炉coke oven焦化室oven chamber焦饼coke cake结焦时间coking time周转时间cycle time装煤coal charging捣固装煤stamp charging推焦coke pushing焦炭熄火coke quenching干法熄焦dry quenching of coke焦台coke wharf装煤车larry car推焦机pushing machine拦焦机coke guide熄焦车quenching car焦炉焖炉banking for coke oven焦炭coke冶金焦metallurgical coke铸造焦foundry coke焦炭工业分析proximate analysis of coke焦炭元素分析ultimate analysis of coke焦炭落下指数shatter index of coke焦炭转鼓指数drum index of coke焦炭热强度hot strength of coke焦炭反应性coke reactivity焦炭反应后强度post-reaction strength of coke焦炭显微强度microstrength of coke焦炉煤气coke oven gas发热值calorific value煤焦油coal tar粗苯crude benzol苯benzene甲苯toluene二甲苯xylene苯并呋喃-茚树脂coumarone-indene resin精萘refined naphthalene精蒽refined anthracene煤[焦油]沥青coal tar pitch沥青焦pitch coke 针状焦needle coke型焦formcoke5.2 耐火材料耐火材料refractory materials耐火粘土fireclay高岭土kaolin硬质粘土flint clay轻质粘土soft clay陶土pot clay蒙脱石montmorillonite叶蜡石pyrophyllite膨润土bentonite鳞石英tridymite方石英cristobalite砂岩sandstone耐火石firestone莫来石mullite氧化铝alumina烧结氧化铝sintered alumina电熔氧化铝fused alumina刚玉corundum红柱石andalusite蓝晶石kyanite,cyanite硅线石sillimanite橄榄石olivine方镁石periclase镁砂magnesia合成镁砂synthetic sintered magnesia电熔镁砂fused magnesia烧结白云石砂sintered dolomite clinker合成镁铬砂synthetic magnesia chromite clinker尖晶石spinel镁铬尖晶石magnesia chrome spinel,magnesiochromite 硅藻土diatomaceous earth, infusorial earth蛭石vermiculite珍珠岩perlite碳化硅silicon carbide氮化硅silicon nitride氮化硼boron nitride粘土熟料chamotte熟料grog轻烧light burning,soft burning死烧dead burning,hard burning成型模注shaping moulding机压成型mechanical pressing等静压成型isostatic pressing摩擦压砖机friction press液压压砖机hydraulic press捣打成型ramming process熔铸成型fusion cast process砖坯强度green strength,dry strength隧道窑tunnel kiln回转窑rotary kiln倒焰窑down draught kiln耐火砖refractory brick标准型耐火砖standard size refractory brick泡砂石quartzite sandstone酸性耐火材料acid refractory [material]硅质耐火材料siliceous refractory [material]硅砖silica brick,dinas brick熔融石英制品fused quartz product硅酸铝质耐火材料aluminosillicate refractory 半硅砖semisilica brick粘土砖fireclay brick,chamotte brick石墨粘土砖graphite clay brick高铝砖high alumina brick硅线石砖sillimanite brick莫来石砖mullite brick刚玉砖corundum brick铝铬砖alumina chrome brick熔铸砖fused cast brick碱性耐火材料basic refractory [material]镁质耐火材料magnesia refractory [material]镁砖magnesia brick镁铝砖magnesia alumina brick镁铬砖magnesia chrome brick镁炭砖magnesia carbon brick中性耐火材料neutral refractory [material]复合砖composite brick铝炭砖alumina carbon brick铝镁炭转alumina magnesia brick锆炭砖zirconia graphite brick镁钙炭砖magnesia clacia carbon brick长水口long nozzle浸入式水口immersion nozzle,submerged nozzle 定径水口metering nozzle氧化铝-碳化硅-炭砖Al2O3-SiC-C brick透气砖gas permeable brick,porous brick滑动水口slide gate nozzle水口砖nozzle brick塞头砖stopper绝热耐火材料insulating refractory轻质耐火材料light weight refractory袖砖sleeve brick格子砖checker brick,chequer brick陶瓷纤维ceramic fiber耐火纤维refractory fiber耐火浇注料refractory castable耐火混凝土refractory concrete荷重耐火性refractoriness under load抗渣性slagging resistance耐磨损性abrasion resistance5.3 碳素材料[含]碳[元]素材料carbon materials无定形碳amorphous carbon金刚石diamond炭相[学]carbon micrography炭黑carbon black石油沥青petroleum pitch石油焦炭petroleum coke石墨化graphitization石墨化电阻炉electric resistance furnace for graphitization 石墨纯净化处理purification treatment of graphite炭砖carbon brick炭块carbon block碳化硅基炭块SiC-based carbon block炭电极carbon electrode连续自焙电极Soderberg electrode石墨电极graphite electrode超高功率石墨电极ultra-high power graphite electrode石墨电极接头graphite electrode nipple石墨电极接头孔graphite electrode socket plug电极糊electrode paste石墨坩埚graphite crucible石墨电阻棒graphite rod resistor炭刷carbon brush高纯石墨high purity graphite5.4 铁合金铁合金ferroalloy硅铁ferrosilicon硅钙calcium silicon金属硅silicon metal锰铁ferromangnanese低碳锰铁low carbon ferromanganese硅锰silicomanganese金属锰manganese metal铬铁ferrochromium低碳铬铁low carbon ferrochromium微碳铬铁extra low carbon ferrochromium硅铬silicochromium金属铬chromium metal钨铁ferrotunsten钼铁ferromolybdenum钛铁ferrotitanium硼铁ferroboron铌铁ferroniobium磷铁ferrophosphorus镍铁ferronickel锆铁ferrozirconium硅锆silicozirconium稀土硅铁rare earth ferrosilicon稀土镁硅铁rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium成核剂nucleater孕育剂incubater,inoculant球化剂nodulizer蠕化剂vermiculizer中间铁合金master alloy复合铁合金complex ferroalloy电碳热法electro-carbothermic process电硅热法electro-silicothermic process铝热法aluminothermic process,thermit process 电铝热法electro-aluminothermic process开弧炉open arc furnace埋弧炉submerged arc furnace半封闭炉semiclosed furnace封闭炉closed furnace矮烟罩电炉electric furnace with low hood矮炉身电炉low-shaft electric furnace5.5 烧结与球团人造块矿ore agglomerates烧结矿sinter压块矿briquette球团[矿] pellet针铁矿goethite自熔性铁矿self-fluxed iron ore复合铁矿complex iron ore块矿lump ore粉矿ore fines矿石混匀ore blending配矿ore proportioning矿石整粒ore size grading返矿return fines储矿场ore stockyard矿石堆料机ore stocker匀矿取料机ore reclaimer熔剂flux消石灰slaked lime活性石灰quickened lime有机粘结剂organic binder烧结混合料sinter mixture烧结铺底料hearth layer for sinter烧结sintering烧结热前沿heat front in sintering烧结火焰前沿flame front in sintering渣相粘结slag bonding扩散粘结diffusion bonding带式烧结机Dwight-Lloyd sintering machine环式烧结机circular travelling sintering machine 烧结梭式布料机shuttle conveyer belt烧结点火料sintering ignition furnace烧结盘sintering pan烧结锅sintering pot烧结冷却机sinter cooler带式冷却机straight-line cooler 环式冷却机circular cooler,annular cooler生球green pellet,ball生球长大聚合机理ball growth by coalescence生球长大成层机理ball growth by layering生球长大同化机理ball growth by assimilation精矿成球指数balling index for iron ore concentrates 生球转鼓强度drum strength of green pellet生球落下强度shatter strength of green pellet生球抗压强度compression strength of green pellet 生球爆裂温度cracking temperature of green pellet 圆筒造球机balling drum圆盘造球机balling disc竖炉陪烧球团shaft furnace for pellet firing带式机陪烧球团traveling grate for pellet firing链算机-回转窑陪烧球团grate-kiln for pellet firing 环式机陪烧球团circular gates for pellet firing冷固结球团cold bound pellet维式体wustite铁橄榄石fayalite铁尖晶石hercynite铁黄长石ferrogehlenite铁酸半钙calcium diferrite铁酸钙calcium ferrite铁酸二钙dicalcium ferrite锰铁橄榄石knebelite钙铁橄榄石kirschsteinite钙铁辉石hedenbergite钙铁榴石andradite钙长石anorthite钙镁橄榄石monticellite钙钛矿perovskite硅灰石wollastonite硅酸二钙dicalcium silicate硅酸三钙tricalcium silicate镁橄榄石forsterite镁黄长石akermanite镁蔷薇辉石manganolite钙铝黄长石gehlenite钛辉石titanaugite枪晶石cuspidine预还原球团pre-reduced pellet金属化球团metallized pellet转鼓试验drum test,tumbler test落下试验shatter test5.6 高炉炼铁炼铁iron making高炉炼铁[法] blast furnace process高炉blast furnace鼓风炉blast furnace炉料charge, burden矿料ore charge焦料coke charge炉料提升charge hoisting小车上料charge hoisting by skip吊罐上料charge hoisting by bucket皮带上料charge hoisting by belt conveyer装料charging装料顺序charging sequence储料漏斗hopper双料钟式装料two-bells system charging无料钟装料bell-less charging布料器distributor炉内料线stock line in the furnace探料尺gauge rod利用系数utilization coefficient冶炼强度combustion intensity鼓风blast风压blast pressure风温blast temperature鼓风量blast volume鼓风湿度blast humidity全风量操作full blast慢风under blowing休风delay喷吹燃料fuel injection喷煤coal injection喷油oil injection富氧鼓风oxygen enriched blast,oxygen enrichment 置换比replacement ratio喷射器injector热补偿thermal compensation焦比coke ratio,coke rate燃料比fuel ratio,fuel rate氧化带oxidizing zone风口循环区raceway蒸汽鼓风humidified blast混合喷吹mixed injection脱湿鼓风dehumidified blast炉内压差pressure drop in furnace煤气分布gas distribution煤气利用率gas utilization rate炉况furnace condition顺行smooth running焦炭负荷coke load,ore to coke ratio软熔带cohesive zone,softening zone渣比slag to iron ratio,slag ratio上部[炉料]调节burden conditioning下部[鼓风]调节blast conditioning高炉作业率operation rate of blast furnace休风率delay ratio高炉寿命blast furnace campaign悬料hanging 崩料slip沟流channeling结瘤scaffolding炉缸冻结hearth freeze-up开炉blow on停炉blow off积铁salamander炉型profile,furnace lines炉喉throat炉身shaft,stack炉腰belly炉腹bosh炉缸hearth炉底bottom炉腹角bosh angle炉身角stack angle有效容积effective volume工作容积working bolume铁口iron notch, slag notch渣口cinder notch, slag notch 风口tuyere窥视孔peep hole风口水套tuyere cooler渣口水套slag notch cooler风口弯头tuyere stock热风围管bustle pipe堵渣机stopper泥炮mud gun,clay gun开铁口机iron notch drill铁水hot metal铁[水]罐iron ladle鱼雷车torpedo car主铁沟sow出铁沟casting house铁沟iron runner渣沟slag runner渣罐cinder ladle, slag ladle撇渣器skimmer冷却水箱cooling plate冷却壁cooling stave汽化冷却vaporization cooling 热风炉hot blast stove燃烧室combustion chamber 燃烧器burner热风阀hot blast valve烟道阀chimney valve冷风阀cold blast valve助燃风机burner blower切断阀burner shut-off valve 旁通阀by-pass valve混风阀mixer selector valve送风期on blast of stove,on blast燃烧期on gas of stove, on gas换炉stove changing放散阀blow off valve内燃式热风炉Cowper stove外燃式燃烧炉outside combustion stove顶燃式热风炉top combustion stove炉顶放散阀bleeding valve放散管bleeder上升管gas uptake放风阀snorting valve均压阀equalizing valve高压调节阀septum valve炉顶高压elevated top pressure铸铁机pig-casting machine铸铁模pig mold冲天炉cupola水渣granulating slag水渣池granulating pit渣场slag disposal pit高炉煤气top gas,blast furnace gas高炉煤气回收topgas recovery,TGR非焦炭炼铁non-coke iron making直接还原炼铁[法]direct reduction iron making直接还原铁directly reduced iron,DRI竖炉直接炼铁direct reduction in shaft furnace流态化炼铁fluidized-bed iron making转底炉炼铁rotary hearth iron making米德雷克斯直接炼铁[法]Midrex processHYL直接炼铁[法] HYL process克虏伯回转窑炼铁[法] Krupp rotary kiln iron-making 熔态还原smelting reduction铁溶法iron-bath process科雷克斯法COREX process生铁pig iron海绵铁sponge iron镜铁spiegel iron清铁法H-rion process5.7 炼钢钢steel炼钢steelmaking钢水liquid steel,molten steel钢semisteel沸腾钢rimming steel,rimmed steel镇静钢killed steel半镇静钢semikilled steel压盖沸腾钢capped steel坩埚炼钢法crucible steelmaking双联炼钢法duplex steelmaking process连续炼钢法continuous steelmaking process直接炼钢法direct steelmaking process 混铁炉hot metal machine装料机charging machine装料期charging machine加热期heating period熔化期melting period造渣期slag forming period精炼期refining period熔清melting down脱氧deoxidation预脱氧preliminary dexidation 还原渣reducing slag酸性渣acid slag碱性渣basic slag脱碳decarburization增碳recarburization脱磷dephosphorization回磷rephosphorization脱硫desulfurization回硫resulfurization脱氮denitrogenation过氧化overoxidation出钢tapping冶炼时间duration of heat出钢样tapping sample浇铸样casting sample不合格炉次off heat熔炼损耗melting loss铁损iron loss废钢scrap废钢打包baling of scrap造渣材料slag making materials 添加剂addition reagent脱氧剂deoxidizer脱硫剂desulfurizer冷却剂coolant回炉渣return slag喷枪lance浸入式喷枪submerged lance 钢包ladle出钢口top hole出钢槽pouring lining炉顶furnace roof炉衬furnace lining炉衬侵蚀lining erosion渣线slag line炉衬寿命lining life分区砌砖zoned lining补炉fettling热修hot repair喷补gunning火焰喷补flame gunning转炉converter底吹转炉bottom-blown converter酸性空气底吹转炉air bottom-blown acid converter碱性空气底吹转炉air bottom-blown basic converter侧吹转炉side-blown converter卡尔多转炉Kaldo converter氧气炼铁oxygen steelmaking氧气顶吹转炉top-blown oxygen converter,LI converter氧气底吹转炉bottom-blown oxygen converter quiet basic oxygen furnace,QBOF顶底复吹转炉top and bottom combined blown converter喷石灰粉顶吹氧气转炉法oxygen lime process底吹煤氧的复合吹炼法Klockner-Maxhutte steelmaking process,KMS住友复合吹炼法Sumitomo top and bottom blowing process,STB LBE复吹法lance bubbling equilibrium process,LBE顶枪喷煤粉炼钢法Arved lance carbon injection process,ALCI蒂森复合吹炼法Thyssen Blassen Metallurgical process,TBM面吹surface blow软吹soft blow硬吹hard blow补吹reblow过吹overblow后吹after blow目标碳aim carbon终点碳end point carbon高拉碳操作catch carbon practice增碳操作recarburization practice单渣操作single-slag operation双渣操作double-slag operation渣乳化slag emulsion二次燃烧postcombustion吹氧时间oxygen blow duration吹炼终点blow end point倒炉turning down喷渣slopping喷溅spitting静态控制static control动态控制dynamic control氧枪oxygen lance氧枪喷孔nozzle of oxygen lance多孔喷枪multi-nozzle lance转炉炉体converter body炉帽upper cone炉口mouth,lip ring装料大面impact pad活动炉底removable bottom顶吹氧枪top blow oxygen lance副枪sublance多孔砖nozzle brick单环缝喷嘴single annular tuyere双环缝喷嘴double annular tuyere 挡渣器slag stopper挡渣塞floating plug电磁测渣器electromagnetic slag detector废气控制系统off gas control system,OGCS平炉open-hearth furnace平炉炼钢open-hearth steelmaking冷装法cold charge practice热装法hot charge practice碳沸腾carbon boil石灰沸腾lime boil炉底沸腾bottom boil再沸腾reboil有效炉底面积effective hearth area酸性平炉acid open-hearth furnace碱性平炉basic open-hearth furnace固定式平炉stationary open-hearth furnace倾动式平炉tilting open-hearth furnace双床平炉twin-hearth furnace顶吹氧气平炉open-hearth furnace with roof oxygen lance蓄热室regenerator沉渣室slag pocket电炉炼钢electric steelmaking电弧炉electric arc furnace超高功率电弧炉ultra-high power electric arc furnace直流电弧炉direct current electric arc furnace双电极直流电弧炉double electrode direct current arc furnace 竖窑式电弧炉shaft arc furnace电阻炉electric resistance furnace工频感应炉line frequency induction furnace中频感应炉medium frequency induction furnace高频感应炉high frequency induction furnace电渣重熔electroslag remelting,ESR电渣熔铸electroslag casting,ESC电渣浇注Bohler electroslag tapping,BEST真空电弧炉重熔vacuum arc remelting,V AR真空感应炉熔炼vacuum induction melting,VIM电子束炉重熔electron beam remelting,EBR等离子炉重炼plasma-arc remelting,PAR水冷模电弧熔炼cold-mold arc melting等离子感应炉熔炼plasma induction melting,PIM等离子连续铸锭plasma progressive casting,PPC等离子凝壳铸造plasma skull casting,PSC能量优化炼钢炉energy optimizing furnace,EOF氧燃喷嘴oxygen-fuel burner氧煤助熔accelerated melting by coal-oxygen burner氧化期oxidation period还原期reduction period长弧泡沫渣操作弧长控制long arc foaming slag operation 白渣white slag电石渣carbide slag煤氧喷吹coal-oxygen injection炉壁热点hot spots on the furnace wall偏弧arc bias透气塞porous plug出钢到出钢时间tap-to-tap time虹吸出钢siphon tapping偏心炉底出钢eccentric bottom tapping,EBT中心炉底出钢centric bottom tapping,CBT侧面炉底出钢side bottom tapping,SBT滑动水口出钢slide fate tapping5.8 精炼、浇铸及缺陷铁水预处理hot metal pretreatment机械搅拌铁水脱硫法KR process torpedo desulfurization鱼雷车铁水脱磷torpedo dephosphorization二次精炼secondary refining钢包精炼ladle refining合成渣synthetic slag微合金化microalloying成分微调trimming钢洁净度steel cleanness钢包炉ladle furnace,LF直流钢包炉DC ladle furnace真空钢包炉LF-vacuum真空脱气vacuum degassing真空电弧脱气vacuum arc degassing,V AD真空脱气炉vacuum degassing furnace,VDF真空精炼vacuum refining钢流脱气stream degassing提升式真空脱气法Dortmund Horder vacuum degassing process,DH循环式真空脱气法Ruhstahl-Hausen vacuum degassing process,RH 真空浇铸vacuum casting吹氧RH操作RH-oxygen blowing,RH-OB川崎顶吹氧RH操作RH-Kawasaki top blowing,RH-KTB喷粉RH操作RH-poowder blowing,TH-PB喷粉法powder injection process喷粉精炼injection refining蒂森钢包喷粉法Thyssen Niederhein process,TN瑞典喷粉法Scandinavian Lancer process,SL君津真空喷粉法vacuum Kimitsu injection process密封吹氩合金成分调整法composition adjustment by sealed argon bubbling,CAS吹氧提温CAS法CAS-OB process脉冲搅拌法pulsating mixing process,PM电弧加热电磁搅拌钢包精炼法ASEA-SKF process真空吹氧脱碳法vacuum oxygen decarburization process ,VOD氩氧脱碳法argon-oxygen decarburization process,AOD蒸汽氧精炼法Creusot-Loire Uddelholm process,CLU无渣精炼slag free refining摇包法shaking ladle process铝弹脱氧法aluminium bullet shooting,ABS钢锭ingot铸锭ingot casting 坑铸pit casting车铸car casting钢锭模ingot mold保温帽hot top下铸bottom casting上铸top casting补浇back pour,back feeding浇注速度pouring speed脱模ingot stripping发热渣exoslag防再氧化操作reoxidation protection连续浇注continuous casting连铸机continuous caster,CC,continuous casting machine,CCM 弧形连铸机bow-type continuous caster立弯式连铸机vertical-bending caster立式连铸机vertical caster水平连铸机horizontal caster小方坯连铸机billet caster大方坯连铸机bloom caster板坯连铸机slab caster薄板坯连铸机thin-slab casting薄带连铸机strip caster近终型浇铸near-net-shape casting单辊式连铸机single-roll caster单带式连铸机single-belt caster双带式连铸机twin-belt caster倾斜带式连铸机inclined conveyer type caster[连铸]流strand铸流间距strand distance注流对中控制stream centering control钢包回转台ladle turret中间包tundish回转式中间包swiveling tundish倾动式中间包tiltable tundish中间包挡墙weir and dam in tundish引锭杆dummy bar刚性引锭杆rigid dummy bar挠性引锭杆flexible dummy bar结晶器mold直型结晶器straight mold弧形结晶器curved mold组合式结晶器composite mold多级结晶器multi-stage mold调宽结晶器adjustable mold结晶器振动mold oscillation结晶器内钢液顶面meniscus,steel level钢液面控制技术steel level control technique保护渣casting powder,mold powder凝壳shell液芯liquid core空气隙air gap一次冷却区peimary cooling zone二次冷却区secondary cooling zone极限冷却速度critical cooling rate浇铸半径casting radius渗漏bleeding拉坯速度casting speed拉漏breaking out振动波纹oscillation mark水口堵塞nozzle clogging气水喷雾冷却air mist spray cooling分离环separating ring拉辊withdrawal roll立式导辊vertical guide roll弯曲辊bending roll夹辊pinch roll矫直辊straightening roll驱动辊driving roll导向辊装置roller apron切割定尺装置cut-to-length device钢流保护浇注shielded casting practice 多点矫直multipoint straightening电磁搅拌electromagnetic stirring,EMS 浇注周期casting cycle多炉连浇sequence casting事故溢流槽emergercy launder菜花头cauliflower top钢锭缩头piped top表面缺陷surface defect内部缺陷internal defect缩孔shrinkage cavity中心缩孔center line shrinkage气孔blowhole表面气孔surface blowhole皮下气孔subskin blowhole针孔pinhole铸疤feather冷隔cold shut炼钢缺陷lamination发裂flake,hair crack纵裂longitudinal crack横裂transverse crack角部横向裂纹transverse corner crack 角部纵向裂纹longitudinal corner crack 收缩裂纹shrinkage crack热裂hot crack冷裂cold crack冷脆cold shortness热脆hot shortness夹渣slag inclusion皮下夹杂subsurface inclusion正偏析positive segregation 负偏析negative segregation,inverse seregation V形偏析∨-shaped segregation倒V形偏析∧-shaped segregation中心偏析center segregation中心疏松center porosity鼓肚bulging脱方rhomboidity连铸-直接轧制continuous casting-direct rolling 工艺CC-DR6 钢铁材料铸铁cast iron熟铁wrought iron电解铁electrolytic iron白口铸铁white cast iron灰口铸铁grey cast iron麻口铸铁mottled cast iron变性铸铁modified cast iron孕育铸铁inoculated cast iron冷硬铸铁chilled cast iron球墨铸铁nodular cast iron蠕墨铸铁vermicular cast iron可锻铸铁malleable cast iron半可锻铸铁semi-malleable cast iron奥氏体铸铁austenitic cast iron贝氏体铸铁bainitic cast iron共晶白口铁eutectic white iron亚共晶白口铁hypoeutectic white iron过共晶白口铁hypereutectic white iron结构钢constructional steel软钢mild steel普通碳素钢plain carbon steel正火钢normalized steel热轧钢hot rolled steel高强度低合金钢high-strength low-alloy steel 微合金钢micro-alloy steel冷轧钢cold rolled steel深冲钢deep drawing steel双相钢dual phase steel渗碳钢carburizing steel渗氮钢nitriding steel调质钢quenched and tempered steel超高强度钢ultra-high strength steel不锈钢stainless steel奥氏体不锈钢austenitic stainless steel铁素体不锈钢ferritic stainless steel马氏体不锈钢martensitic stainless steel双相不锈钢duplex stainless steel马氏体时效钢maraging steel耐蚀钢corrosion-resisting steel耐热钢heat-resisting steel弹簧钢spring steel。
冶金专业英语
冶金专业英语
"冶金专业"在英语中可以翻译为 "Metallurgy"，"冶金"这个词可以用作名词，表示研究金属的提取、精炼和加工等过程的学科或领域。
以下是一些与冶金专业相关的词汇和短语：
1. Metallurgy - 冶金学
2. Extractive metallurgy - 提取冶金学
3. Physical metallurgy - 物理冶金学
4. Metallurgical engineering - 冶金工程
5. Metallurgical processes - 冶金工艺
6. Metal refining - 金属精炼
7. Alloy production - 合金生产
8. Casting - 铸造
9. Smelting - 熔炼
10. Heat treatment - 热处理
11. Metallography - 金相学
12. Corrosion resistance - 耐腐蚀性
13. Mechanical properties - 机械性能
14. Metallographic analysis - 金相分析
15. Nonferrous metals - 有色金属
以上词汇可以帮助描述冶金专业的不同方面和过程。
如有需要，可以根据具体情况进一步扩展相关的词汇和短语。
太原科技大学冶金工程专业英语必考词汇
冷却壁 cooling staves
耐火材料 refractory
真空处理 vacuum treatment
出钢温度 tapping temperatures
二次燃烧 post-combustion(认识) 燃烧 combustion(P16)
板坯 slab 小方坯 billet 大方坯 bloom
C
出钢口 taphole 出钢温度 tapping temperatures 粗钢 crude steel 催化剂 catalysts(复数) 淬火 quenching
D
大方坯 bloom 大夹杂物 macro-inclusions 带钢 strip(P10) 电弧炼钢 electric steelmaking 电弧炉 electric arc furnace 动力煤 thermal coal 动态轻压 dynamic soft reduction(认 识) 镀锌薄板 galvanized sheet(认识) 锻造 forging
动态轻压 dynamic soft reductio词汇—中文正序整理版 1
B
板坯 slab 半成品 semis(认识) 薄带连铸 direct strip casting(DSC) 比（A/B）ratio 扁平材 flat products 不完全退火 under-annealing 材 料 科 学 与 工 程 学 院 school of Materials Science and Engineering
炼铁 iron making 炼钢 steelmaking
钢水 liquid steel/molten steel/liquid 铁水 hot metal/molten iron 钢包 ladle(P9) 中间包 tundish(P9) 结晶器 mold(P9)
钢铁冶金专业英语词汇书
硅藻土 diatomaceous earth, infusorial earth 蛭石 vermiculite 珍珠岩 perlite 碳化硅 silicon carbide 氮化硅 silicon nitride 氮化硼 boron nitride 粘土熟料 chamotte 熟料 grog 轻烧 light burning,soft burning 死烧 dead burning,hard burning 成型模注 shaping moulding 机压成型 mechanical pressing 等静压成型 isostatic pressing 摩擦压砖机 friction press 液压压砖机 hydraulic press 捣打成型 ramming process 熔铸成型 fusion cast process 砖坯强度 green strength,dry strength 隧道窑 tunnel kiln 回转窑 rotary kiln 倒焰窑 down draught kiln 耐火砖 refractory brick 标准型耐火砖 standard size refractory brick 泡砂石 quartzite sandstone 酸性耐火材料 acid refractory [material] 硅质耐火材料 siliceous refractory [material] 硅砖 silica brick,dinas brick 熔融石英制品 fused quartz product 硅 酸 铝 质 耐 火 材 料 aluminosillicate refractory 半硅砖 semisilica brick 粘土砖 fireclay brick,chamotte brick 石墨粘土砖 graphite clay brick 高铝砖 high alumina brick 硅线石砖 sillimanite brick 莫来石砖 mullite brick 刚玉砖 corundum brick 铝铬砖 alumina chrome brick 熔铸砖 fused cast brick 碱性耐火材料 basic refractory [material] 镁质耐火材料 magnesia refractory [material] 镁砖 magnesia brick 镁铝砖 magnesia alumina brick 镁铬砖 magnesia chrome brick 镁炭砖 magnesia carbon brick 中性耐火材料 neutral refractory [material]
冶金专业英语词汇整理
..专业英语词汇1 总论采矿mining地下采矿underground mining露天采矿open cut mining, open pit mining, surface mining采矿工程mining engineering选矿（学）mineral dressing, ore beneficiation, mineral processing 矿物工程mineral engineering冶金（学）metallurgy过程冶金（学）process metallurgy提取冶金（学）extractive metallurgy化学冶金（学）chemical metallurgy物理冶金（学）physical metallurgy金属学Metallkunde冶金过程物理化学physical chemistry of process metallurgy冶金反应工程学metallurgical reaction engineering冶金工程metallurgical engineering钢铁冶金（学）ferrous metallurgy, metallurgy of iron and steel 有色冶金(学)nonferrous metallurgy真空冶金(学)vacuum metallurgy等离子冶金(学)plasma metallurgy微生物冶金(学)microbial metallurgy喷射冶金(学)injection metallurgy钢包冶金(学)ladle metallurgy二次冶金(学)secondary metallurgy机械冶金(学)mechanical metallurgy焊接冶金(学)welding metallurgy粉末冶金(学)powder metallurgy铸造学foundry火法冶金(学)pyrometallurgy湿法冶金(学)hydrometallurgy电冶金(学)electrometallurgy氯冶金(学)chlorine metallurgy矿物资源综合利用engineering of comprehensive utilization of mineral resources中国金属学会The Chinese Society for Metals中国有色金属学会The Nonferrous Metals Society of China2 采矿采矿工艺mining technology有用矿物valuable mineral冶金矿产原料metallurgical mineral raw materials矿床mineral deposit特殊采矿specialized mining海洋采矿oceanic mining, marine mining矿田mine field矿山mine露天矿山surface mine地下矿山underground mine矿井shaft矿床勘探mineral deposit exploration矿山可行性研究mine feasibility study矿山规模mine capacity矿山生产能力mine production capacity矿山年产量annual mine output矿山服务年限mine life矿山基本建设mine construction矿山建设期限mine construction period矿山达产arrival at mine full capacity开采强度mining intensity 矿石回收率ore recovery ratio矿石损失率ore loss ratio工业矿石industrial ore采出矿石extracted ore矿体orebody矿脉vein海洋矿产资源oceanic mineral resources矿石ore矿石品位ore grade岩石力学rock mechanics岩体力学rock mass mechanics3 选矿选矿厂concentrator, mineral processing plant 工艺矿物学process mineralogy开路open circuit闭路closed circuit流程flowsheet方框流程block flowsheet产率yield回收率recovery矿物mineral粒度particle size粗颗粒coarse particle细颗粒fine particle超微颗粒ultrafine particle粗粒级coarse fraction细粒级fine fraction网目mesh原矿run of mine, crude精矿concentrate粗精矿rough concentrate混合精矿bulk concentrate最终精矿final concentrate尾矿tailings粉碎comminution破碎crushing磨碎grinding团聚agglomeration筛分screening, sieving分级classification富集concentration分选separation手选hand sorting重选gravity separation, gravity concentration 磁选magnetic separation电选electrostatic separation浮选flotation化学选矿chemical mineral processing自然铜native copper铝土矿bauxite冰晶石cryolite磁铁矿magnetite赤铁矿hematite假象赤铁矿martite钒钛磁铁矿vanadium titano-magnetite铁燧石taconite褐铁矿limonite菱铁矿siderite................... tuyere cooler风口水套tuyere stock风口弯头tuyere风口twin-belt caster双带式连铸机twin-hearth furnace双床平炉two-bells system charging双料钟式装料type steel轮箍钢ultimate analysis of coke 焦炭元素分析ultrafine particle超微颗粒ultra-high power electric arc furnace超高功率电弧炉ultra-high power graphite electrode超高功率石墨电极ultra-high strength steel超高强度钢ultrasonic particle sizer, supersonic particle sizer超声粒度计under blowing 慢风underground mine地下矿山underground mining地下采矿undersize筛下料unreacted core model未反应核模型upper cone炉帽utilization coefficient利用系数vacuum arc degassing, VAD真空电弧脱气vacuum arc remelting, VAR真空电弧炉重熔vacuum casting真空浇铸vacuum decarburization真空脱碳vacuum degassing furnace, VDF真空脱气炉vacuum degassing真空脱气vacuum induction melting, VIM真空感应炉熔炼vacuum Kimitsu injection process君津真空喷粉法vacuum metallurgy真空冶金(学)vacuum oxygen decarburization process ,VOD真空吹氧脱碳法vacuum refining真空精炼valuable mineral有用矿物vanadium titano-magne钒钛磁铁矿titevaporization cooling汽化冷却vein矿脉vermicular cast iron蠕墨铸铁vermiculite蛭石vermiculizer蠕化剂vertical caster立式连铸机vertical guide roll立式导辊vertical-bending caster立弯式连铸机vibrating screen震动筛viscosity粘度weir and dam in tundish中间包挡墙welding metallurgy焊接冶金(学)wetting润湿white cast iron白口铸铁white slag白渣withdrawal roll拉辊wollastonite硅灰石working bolume工作容积wrought iron熟铁wustite维式体xylene二甲苯yield产率zero order reaction零级反应zirconia graphite brick锆炭砖zoned lining分区砌砖.。
关于冶金的专业英语
关于冶金的专业英语对于冶金你了解有多少，小编对于这个专业也是一头雾水，搞不懂，那么跟着小编来看看吧!下面是小编给大家带来的关于冶金的专业英语，欢迎大家阅读参考，我们一起来看看吧!关于冶金的专业英语采矿mining地下采矿underground mining露天采矿open cut mining, open pit mining, surface mining 采矿工程mining engineering选矿(学)mineral dressing, ore beneficiation, mineral processing矿物工程mineral engineering冶金(学)metallurgy过程冶金(学)process metallurgy提取冶金(学)extractive metallurgy化学冶金(学)chemical metallurgy物理冶金(学)physical metallurgy金属学Metallkunde冶金过程物理化学physical chemistry of process metallurgy 冶金反应工程学metallurgical reaction engineering冶金工程metallurgical engineering钢铁冶金(学)ferrous metallurgy, metallurgy of iron and steel 有色冶金(学)nonferrous metallurgy真空冶金(学)vacuum metallurgy等离子冶金(学)plasma metallurgy微生物冶金(学)microbial metallurgy喷射冶金(学)injection metallurgy钢包冶金(学)ladle metallurgy二次冶金(学)secondary metallurgy机械冶金(学)mechanical metallurgy焊接冶金(学)welding metallurgy粉末冶金(学)powder metallurgy铸造学foundry火法冶金(学)pyrometallurgy湿法冶金(学)hydrometallurgy电冶金(学)electrometallurgy氯冶金(学)chlorine metallurgy矿物资源综合利用engineering of comprehensive utilization of mineralresources中国金属学会The Chinese Society for Metals中国有色金属学会The Nonferrous Metals Society of China2 采矿采矿工艺mining technology有用矿物valuable mineral冶金矿产原料metallurgical mineral raw materials矿床mineral deposit特殊采矿specialized mining海洋采矿oceanic mining, marine mining矿田mine field矿山mine露天矿山surface mine地下矿山underground mine矿井shaft矿床勘探mineral deposit exploration矿山可行性研究mine feasibility study矿山规模mine capacity矿山生产能力mine production capacity矿山年产量annual mine output矿山服务年限mine life矿山基本建设mine construction矿山建设期限mine construction period矿山达产arrival at mine full capacity开采强度mining intensity矿石回收率ore recovery ratio矿石损失率ore loss ratio工业矿石industrial ore采出矿石extracted ore矿体orebody矿脉vein海洋矿产资源oceanic mineral resources矿石ore矿石品位ore grade岩石力学rock mechanics岩体力学rock mass mechanics3 选矿选矿厂concentrator, mineral processing plant 工艺矿物学process mineralogy开路open circuit闭路closed circuit流程flowsheet方框流程block flowsheet产率yield回收率recovery矿物mineral粒度particle size粗颗粒coarse particle细颗粒fine particle超微颗粒ultrafine particle粗粒级coarse fraction细粒级fine fraction网目mesh原矿run of mine, crude精矿concentrate粗精矿rough concentrate混合精矿bulk concentrate最终精矿final concentrate尾矿tailings粉碎comminution破碎crushing磨碎grinding团聚agglomeration筛分screening, sieving分级classification富集concentration分选separation手选hand sorting重选gravity separation, gravity concentration 磁选magnetic separation电选electrostatic separation浮选flotation化学选矿chemical mineral processing自然铜native copper铝土矿bauxite冰晶石cryolite磁铁矿magnetite赤铁矿hematite假象赤铁矿martite钒钛磁铁矿vanadium titano-magnetite铁燧石taconite褐铁矿limonite菱铁矿siderite镜铁矿specularite硬锰矿psilomelane软锰矿pyrolusite铬铁矿chromite黄铁矿pyrite钛铁矿ilmennite金红石rutile萤石fluorite高岭石kaolinite菱镁矿magnesite重晶石barite石墨graphite石英quartz方解石calcite石灰石limestone白云石dolomite云母mica石膏gypsum硼砂borax石棉asbestos蛇纹石serpentine阶段破碎stage crushing 粗碎primary crushing 中碎secondary crushing 细碎fine crushing对辊破碎机roll crusher 粉磨机pulverizer震动筛vibrating screen筛网screen cloth筛孔screen opening筛上料oversize筛下料undersize粗磨coarse grinding细磨fine grinding球磨机ball mill衬板liner分级机classifier自由沉降free setting沉积sedimentation石灰lime松油pine oil硫化钠sodium sulfide硅酸钠(水玻璃)sodium silicate, water glass过滤filtration过滤机filter给矿，给料feeding给矿机feeder在线分析仪on line analyzer在线粒度分析仪on line size analyzer超声粒度计ultrasonic particle sizer, supersonic particle sizer1 、烧结 sintering粉末或压坯在低于主要组分熔点的温度下的热处理，目的在于通过颗粒间的冶金结合以提高其强度。
冶金专业英语词汇（U-Z）_冶金专业英语词汇
u bar 槽钢u forming 弯成u形u ing 弯成u形u notch u形缺口u press u形压弯机u tube manometer u形管压力计u tube pressure gage u形管压力计uhp electric arc furnace 超高功率电炉ullmannite 锑硫镍矿ulrichite 方铀矿ultimate analysis 元素分析ultimate deformation 极限形变ultimate strength 极限强度ultimate tensile strength 极限抗强度ultimate tensile stress 极限拉伸应力ultrafine powder 超细粉ultrahigh strength steel 超高强度钢ultralight alloy 超轻合金ultramicroscope 超显微镜ultrasonic cleaning 超声波清洗ultrasonic drawing 超声拉拔ultrasonic echo method 超声波回声法ultrasonic flaw detector 超声波探伤器ultrasonic inspection 超音波探伤法ultrasonic reflectoscope 超声波探伤器ultrasonic thickness gage 超声波测厚仪ultrasonic wave 超声波ultrasonic welding 超声波焊接ultrasonics 超声波学ultraviolet rays 紫外线umklapp transformation 反相变unburned pellets 未焙烧球团矿unburned refractory 未烧耐火材料uncoated electrode 裸焊条uncoiler 开卷机uncoiling 开卷uncombined carbon 游离碳underannealing 不完全退火underbead crack 焊道下裂纹undercooling 过冷undercut 底部沟槽underfilling 未充满underground leaching 地下浸出underhardening 欠热淬火undersintering 欠烧结undersize powder 筛下粉末underwater cutting 水下切割unequal angle 不等边角钢unequal angles 不等边角钢unequal draft 不均匀压下unfilled section 未充满的断面unfired pellets 冷固结球团矿uniaxial compression 单轴压缩uniaxial crystal 单轴晶体uniaxial tension 单轴拉伸unidirectional freezing 单向凝固unidirectional solidification 单向凝固unionmelt welding 埋弧自动焊unit cell 单位晶胞unit cell vector 点阵矢unit dislocation 单位位错unit load 单位负载unit metal consumption 金属单位消耗unit power 动力单位unitary system 一元系unitemper mill 双二辊式平整机universal beam mill 万能式钢梁轧机universal coiler 通用卷取机universal coupling 万向联轴节universal indicator 通用指示剂universal mill 万能轧机universal plate 齐边中厚板universal rolling 万能轧机上轧制universal slabbing mill 万能扁捧轧机universal spindle coupling 万向联轴节universal stand 万能轧机机座universal testing machine 万能试验机unmixing 分层unnotched specimen 无切口试样unprepared scrap 未选废金属unrestricted spread 自由宽展unshielded arc welding 无保护电弧焊unslaked lime 生石灰unstable equilibrium 不稳定平衡upcut shears 下切式剪切机updraft 向上通凤updraught 向上通凤upgraded ore 精矿upgrading 选矿uphand welding 仰焊uphill casting 底注uphill diffusion 富集扩散uphill pouring 底注uphill welding 上向斜焊upper bainite 上贝茵体upper critical cooling rate 上部临界冷却速率upper punch 上冲头upper yield point 上屈服点upright converter 竖式吹炉upset 镦锻upset forging 顶锻upset test 顶锻试验upset tube 镦粗管upset welding 电阻对接焊upsetter 顶锻机upsetting 顶锻upsetting machine 顶锻机upsetting press 镦头机uptake 垂直管道;上升道upward welding 上行焊uraconite 土硫铀矿uranate 铀酸盐uranic acid 铀酸uranic oxide 三氧化铀uraninite 沥青铀矿uranium 铀uranium base alloy 铀基合金uranium carbide 碳化铀uranium compound 铀化合物uranium dioxide 二氧化铀uranium hexafluoride 六氟化铀uranium lump 铀块uranium nitrate 硝酸铀uranium oxalate 草酸铀uranium reactor 铀反应堆uranium rod 铀棒uranium slug 铀块uranium tetrafluoride 四氟化铀uranium trioxide 三氧化铀uranium yellow 铀黄uranophane 硅钙铀矿uranopilite 铀钙矿uranospatite 水磷铀矿uranospherite 纤铀铋矿uranospinite 砷钙铀矿uranothallite 铀碳钙石uranothorite 方铀钍矿uranotile 硅钙铀矿uranouranic oxide 八氧化三铀uranous oxide 二氧化铀uranous uranic oxide 八氧化三铀uranyl 铀酰uranyl nitrate 硝酸铀酰uranyl phosphate 磷酸氢铀酰uranyl sulfate 硫酸铀酰used sand 旧砂useful volume 有效容积utilization degree 利用率uvanite 钒铀矿uvarovite 钙铬榴石uvarowite 钙铬榴石v belt v形皮带v belt drive v形皮带传动v belt transmission v形皮带传动v notch v 形缺口vacancy 空位vacancy cluster 空位团vacancy condensation 空位凝聚vacancy diffusion 空位扩散vacancy loop 空位环vacancy ring 空位环vacancy source 空位源vacuometer 真空计vacuum 真空vacuum annealing 真空退火vacuum arc decarburization process 电弧真空脱碳法vacuum arc double electrode remelting process 双电极式电弧真空重熔法vacuum arc furnace 真空电弧炉vacuum arc remelting 真空电弧重熔vacuum arc remelting process 真空电弧重熔法vacuum carbonitriding 真空碳氮化vacuum casting 真空铸造vacuum chamber 真空室vacuum converter 真空转炉vacuum decarburization 真空脱碳vacuum degassing 真空脱气vacuum deposition 真空淀积vacuum desiccator 真空干燥器vacuum diffusion pump 扩散真空泵vacuum distillation 真空蒸馏vacuum drier 真空干燥器vacuum drying 真空干燥vacuum etching 真空腐蚀vacuum evaporation 真空蒸发vacuum extrusion 真空挤压vacuum filter 真空过滤器vacuum filtration 真空过滤vacuum furnace 真空炉vacuum fusion method 真空溶化法vacuum gage 真空计vacuum heat treatment 真空热处理vacuum heating 真空加热vacuum impregnating 真空浸渍vacuum impregnation 真空浸渍vacuum induction furnace 真空感应炉vacuum induction melting 真空感应熔炼vacuum ladle 真空铸罐vacuum manometer 真空计vacuum melted steel 空熔炼钢vacuum melting 真空熔炼vacuum metal 真空熔炼金属vacuum metallization 真空金属喷镀vacuum metallizing 真空金属喷镀vacuum metallurgy 真空冶金vacuum nitriding 真空渗氮vacuum oxygen decarburization converter vod转炉vacuum oxygen decarburization process 真空氧气脱碳法vacuum plating 真空电镀vacuum process 真空法vacuum pump 真空泵vacuum refining 真空精炼vacuum rolling mill 真空轧机vacuum sintering 真空烧结vacuum slag cleaning 真空除渣vacuum system 真空系统vacuum tempering 真空回火vacuum treatment 真空处理vacuum treatment installation 真空处理装置vacuum vaporizer 真空蒸发器vad process 电弧真空脱碳法vader process 双电极式电弧真空重熔法valence 原子价valence band 价带valence bond 价键valence electron 价电子valence forces 原子价力valence linkage 价键valency 原子价valentinite 锑华valve 阀valve reversal 阀倒转valve steel 阀钢van der waals bond 范德瓦尔斯引力van der waals force 范德瓦尔斯引力vanadate 钒酸盐vanadic acid 钒酸vanadic anhydride 钒酸酐vanadinite 钒铅矿vanadium 钒vanadium alloy 钒合金vanadium bronze 钒青铜vanadium chloride 氯化钒vanadium oxide 氧化钒vanadium slag 钒渣vanadium steel 钒钢vane pump 轮叶泵vanner 淘矿机vanoxite 复钒矿vapor 蒸汽vapor blasting 蒸汽喷砂清理vapor deposition 气相淀积vapor phase 气相vapor plating 蒸发镀层vapor pressure 蒸汽压力vapor pressure curve 蒸汽压曲线vaporization 蒸发vaporization heat 蒸发热vaporization point 蒸发温度vaporizer 蒸发器var 真空电弧重熔var process 真空电弧重熔法variable crown roll 连续改变辊凸度的轧辊variable resistance 可变电阻variscite 磷酸铝石vat 槽vault 拱顶vc roll 连续改变辊凸度的轧辊vector 向量vector product 向量积vein gold 山金vein tin 脉锡veining 亚晶界组织velocity constant 速度常数velocity distribution 速度分布velocity head 速度头velocity of transformation 转变速度vent 通气孔vent pipe 通风管vent wire 通气针ventilation 通风ventilator 通风机venting quality 透气性venturi port 文丘里式口venturi scrubber 汾丘里管除尘器venturi tube 文丘里管verdigris 铜绿vermiculite 蛭石vertical continuous caster 立式连铸机vertical downward welding 向下立焊vertical drawn out and bending machine 立弯式连续铸造机vertical furnace 竖炉vertical mold 垂直结晶器vertical position 立焊位置vertical retort 竖式蒸馏罐vertical retort process 竖罐蒸馏法vertical roll 立辊vertical upward welding 向上立焊vertical welding 立焊very fine drawing 极细拉拔vesicular structure 多孔结构vessel mouth 转炉炉咀vesuvian 符山石vesuvianite 符山石vibrating feeder 振动式给料机vibrating screen 振动筛vibration 振动vibration pickling 振动酸洗vibration sifter 振动筛vibrator 振动器vibratory compaction 振动成型vibratory mill 振动球磨机vickers hardness 维氏硬度vickers hardness number 维氏硬度值vickers hardness test 维氏硬度试验virgin aluminum 原铝virgin iron 天然铁virgin sulfur 自然硫viscoelasticity 滞弹性viscometer 粘度计viscometry 粘度测定法viscosity 粘性viscous flow 粘滞怜viscous fluid 粘性铃viscous glide 粘性滑移viscous resistance 粘滞阻力visual examination 表观检查visual inspection 目视检查vitallium 维塔留姆耐蚀耐热合金vitreous coating 玻璃涂覆vitreous silica 玻璃状石英vitrification 玻璃化vitriol 硫酸盐vivianite 蓝铁矿vod converter vod转炉vod process 真空氧气脱碳法voglite 铜菱铀矿void 孔穴voids 结点间volatile matter 挥发物volatile solvent 挥发性溶剂volatility 挥发性volatilization 挥发volatilization loss 挥发损失volatilization roasting 挥发焙烧volume assaying 容量试金法volume density 体积密度volume diffusion 体积扩散volume elasticity 体积弹性volume filling 体积装料法volume ratio 体积比volume shrinkage 体积收缩volumetric analysis 容量分析volumetric expansion 体积膨胀volumetric modulus of elasticity 体积弹性系数volumetric properties 容量性能vortex motion 涡了动vrbaite 硫砷锑铊矿wabbler 梅花头wad 锰土waelz kiln 威尔兹回转窑waelz oxide 威尔滋氧化物waelz process 威尔兹法walking beam 步进梁walking beam cooler 步进式冷床walking beam furnace 步进式加热炉walking beam hearth 步进式炉底wall thickness 壁厚度wall thickness deviation 壁厚度偏差wandering welding 跳焊warm pressing 温压warm rolling 温轧warpage 弯曲warping 弯曲wash metal 精炼生铁wash water 冲洗水washed coal 洗煤washer 洗涤器;垫圈washing column 洗涤塔washing drum 洗涤圆筒washing equipment 洗涤设备washing tower 洗涤塔washmarking 波纹面waste casting 废铸件waste electrolyte 废电解液waste gas 废气waste heat 废热waste heat boiler 废热锅炉waste heat flue 废热烟道waste heat recovery 废热回收waste iron 废铸铁waste liquor 废液waste metal 废金属waste water 废水waste water recovery plant 废水再生装置waster plate 上部防护板wastes 废料water bath 水浴water column 水柱water concentration 湿选water coolant 冷却水water cooled electrode 水冷电极water cooling 水冷却water core 水冷芯子water descaler 水力除鳞装置water descaling 水力除鳞water equivalent 水当量water gas 水煤气water glass 水玻璃water hardening 水淬water hardening steel 水淬硬钢water jacket 水套water jet pump 水羚射泵water leaching 水浸出water permeability 透水性water power 水力water pump 水泵water purification 水净化water quenching 水淬water resisting property 耐水性water softening 硬水软化water supply 给水water toughening 水冷韧化处理water treatment 水的处理water vapor 水蒸汽waveguide tube 波导管wavy edge 波浪边wax 蜡wax pattern 蜡模weak acid 弱酸weak electrolyte 弱电解质wear 磨损wear properties 耐磨性wear resistance 耐磨性wear resistant cast iron 耐磨铸铁wear resistant steel 耐磨钢wear surface 磨损面wear test 磨损试验weather resisting steel 耐大气腐蚀钢weaving 焊条的横向摆动wedge 楔wedge furnace 维吉式焙烧炉wedge section 楔型断面wedge test piece 楔型试样weighing hopper 称重漏斗weight 重量;砝码weight filling 重量装粉法weight of compact 压咆量weight percentage 重量百分比weight ratio 重量比weld 焊缝weld assembly 焊接结构weld crack 焊缝裂纹weld crater 焊口weld cycle 焊接周期weld decay 焊接接头腐蚀weld dressing 清理焊烽weld joint 焊接接头weld metal 焊接金属weld nugget 点焊熔核weld penetration 焊透weld pool 熔池weld rate 焊接速度weld reinforcement 焊缝补强weld slope 焊缝倾角weld spacing 焊缝间距weld structure 焊缝金属组织weld throat 焊缝厚度weld zone 焊接区weldability 焊接性weldability test 焊接性试验weldable steel 焊钢weldableness 焊接性welded beam 焊接梁welded construction 焊接结构welded girder 焊接梁welded pipe 焊接管welded tube 焊接管welder 焊接机welder's goggles 焊工护目镜welding 焊接welding apparatus 焊接设备welding arc voltage 焊弧电压welding bench 焊接工专welding blowpipe 焊接喷灯welding booth 焊接室welding burner 焊接喷灯welding cable 电焊电缆welding current 焊接电流welding defect 焊接缺陷welding electrode 电焊条welding electrode holder 电焊钳welding equipment 焊接设备welding flame 焊接火焰welding flux 焊接熔剂welding force 电极压力welding goggles 焊工护目镜welding ground 焊接地线welding gun 焊枪welding heat 焊接热welding heat input 焊接输入热量welding jig 焊接夹具welding machine 焊接机welding metallurgy 焊接冶金学welding of lead 铅焊welding operation 焊接操作welding position 焊接位置welding pressure 焊接压力welding rectifier 焊接整流welding residual stress 焊接残余应力welding robot 焊接机扑welding rod 焊条芯welding roll 辊式电极welding seam 焊缝welding set 焊接设备welding speed 焊接速度welding steel 焊钢welding stress 焊接应力welding symbol 焊接符号welding temperature 焊接温度welding torch 焊接喷灯welding transformer 电焊变压器welding wire 焊丝welding without preheating 冷焊weldless pipe 无缝钢管weldment 焊件weldor 施焊工wet analysis 湿分析wet assay 湿试金wet blast 加湿鼓风wet classification 湿法分级wet cleaner 湿法净化器wet cleaning 湿法净化wet concentration 湿选wet corrosion 潮湿腐蚀wet crushing 湿法破碎wet drawing 湿法拉拔wet extraction 湿法提取wet gas cleaning 湿法洗气wet grinding 湿法粉碎wet method 湿法wet milling 湿法磨矿wet nitriding 液体氮化wet polishing 湿法抛光wet process 湿法wet purification 湿法净化wet quenching 湿法熄焦wet screening 湿法筛分wet separation 水选wet sieving 湿法筛分wet strength 湿强度wet treatment 湿处理wettability 可湿性wetting 润湿wetting agent 润湿剂wetting angle 浸湿角wetting power 润湿力wetting properties 可湿性wheel gate 离心集渣浇口wheel ore 车轮矿wheel rolling mill 车轮轧机whirl gate 离心集渣浇口whisker 晶须white arsenic 辉砷矿white brass 白铜white bronze 白青铜white copper 锌白铜white fracture 白断口white gold 白金white heart malleable cast iron 白心可锻铸铁white heat 白热white iron 白铸铁white iron pyrite 白铁矿white lead 铅白white matte 白冰铜white metal 白色合金white mud 白泥white phosphorus 白磷white pig iron 白口生铁white rust 白锈white slag 白渣white tin 白锡white vitriol 皓矾wide flange i beam 宽缘工字钢wide flat steel 宽带钢wide strip 宽带钢wide strip mill 宽带轧机wide strip steel 宽带钢widia 维迪阿硬质合金wigner effect 韦格讷效应wild phase 增强相wild steel 冒涨钢winch 绞车wind 鼓风wind box 风箱winding machine 绕线机wing mixer 叶片式混合机wing pump 轮叶泵wire 钢丝wire bar 拉丝锭wire brush 钢丝刷wire brushing 用钢丝刷清理wire cloth 金属丝网wire cord 钢丝绳wire drawing 拉丝wire drawing bench 拉丝机wire drawing machine 拉丝机wire drawing soap 拉丝润滑皂wire flattening 线材压扁wire flattening mill 轧扁机wire gage 线径规wire mill 线材轧机wire mill strand 线材轧机股wire netting 金属网wire pointer 钢丝压尖机wire reel 卷线机wire rod 线材wire rope 钢丝绳wire rope closing machine 制绳机wire screen 金属丝网筛wire sieve 金属丝网筛wire tying machine 线盘捆扎机wire wrap 线圈withdrawal 拔模witherite 毒重石wittichenite 硫铋铜矿wobbler 梅花头wobbler spindle 梅花联接轴wohlwill process 沃尔威尔法wolfram 钨wolframite 黑钨矿wollaston wire 沃拉斯顿极细铂丝wollastonite 硅灰石wood charcoal 木炭wood metal 伍德合金wood pattern 木模wood's alloy 伍德合金work 功work hardened steel 加工硬化钢work hardening 机械硬化work hardening capacity 加工硬化程度work hardening coefficient 加工硬化系数work hardening curve 加工硬化曲线work hardening exponent 加工硬化指数work lead 焊接线work load 工缀载work roll 工辊work softening 加工软化workability 可加工性working 加工working life 寿命working lining 工足working platform 工捉台working pressure 工坠力working properties 工棕性working stand 工座working stress 工爪力working temperature 工茁度working volume 有效容积worm 蜗杆worm gear 蜗轮传动装置worm wheel 蜗轮wrapping test 缠绕试验wrinkles 折叠wrought iron 熟铁wrought iron bloom 熟铁方坯wrought metal 可锻金属wrought steel 锻钢wulfenite 彩钼铅矿wurtzilite 韧沥青wurtzite 纤维锌矿wustite 维氏体x radiation x辐射x ray analysis x射线分析x ray diffraction x 射线衍射x ray diffraction analysis x 射线衍射分析x ray film x 射线胶片x ray flaw detection x 射线探伤x ray fluorescence spectroscopy x 射线荧光光谱分析x ray metallography x 射线金相学x ray microscope x 射线显微镜x ray pattern x 线衍射图x ray phase analysis x 射线相分析x ray small angle scattering x 射线小角度散射法x ray spectrograph x 射线摄谱仪x ray spectrometer x 射线分光计x ray spectroscopy x 射线光谱学x ray spectrum x 射线谱x ray spectrum analysis x 线光谱分析法x ray structure analysis x 射线衍射分析x ray tube x 射线管x rays x 射线xanthate 黄原酸盐xanthic acid 黄原酸xanthogenate 黄原酸盐xanthogenic acid 黄原酸xenotime 磷钇矿y alloy y 铸造铝合金yellow brass 黄铜yellow copper ore 黄铜矿yellow metal 黄铜yield 屈服yield criterion 屈服判据yield curve 屈服曲线yield point 屈服点yield strength 屈服强度yield stress 屈服强度;屈服应力yield zone 屈服区yielding 屈服young's modulus 杨氏弹性模数ytterbium 镱yttrium 钇yttrium carbide 碳化钇yttrium oxide 氧化钇yttrocrasite 钛钇钍矿yttrofluorite 钇萤石yttrotantalite 钇铌钽铁矿z iron z 形钢z steel z 形钢zaratite 翠镍矿zeunerite 翠砷铜铀矿zinc 锌zinc alloy 锌合金zinc amalgam 锌汞齐zinc base alloy 锌基合金zinc bath 镀锌槽zinc blende 闪锌矿zinc bronze 锌青铜zinc chloride 氯化锌zinc coat 镀锌zinc coated sheet 镀锌薄板zinc concentrate 锌精矿zinc desilverization 加锌提银法zinc distillation 锌蒸馏zinc distillation furnace 锌蒸馏炉zinc dust 锌粉zinc electrolyte 锌电解液zinc ferrite 铁酸锌zinc flower 锌华zinc green 锌绿zinc nitrate 硝酸锌zinc ore 锌矿zinc oxide 氧化锌zinc phosphating 磷酸锌处理zinc plate 锌板zinc plating 镀锌zinc powder 锌蓝粉zinc removal 脱锌zinc retort residue 锌蒸馏渣zinc sheet 锌板zinc sulfate 硫酸锌zinc sulfide 硫化锌zinc vitriol 皓矾zinc white 锌白zinc yellow 锌黄zincate 锌酸盐zincate treatment 锌酸盐处理zinced iron 镀锌铁zincification 镀锌zincing 镀锌zincite 红锌矿zinckenite 辉锑铅矿zinnwaldite 铁锂云母zintl phases 津特耳相zippeite 硫酸铀矿zircalloy 锆锡合金zircon 锆英石zirconic acid 锆酸zirconic anhydride 锆酸酐zirconium 锆zirconium alloy 锆合金zirconium base alloy 锆基合金zirconium bronze 锆青铜zirconium ferrosilicon 锆硅铁zirconium ore 锆矿zirconium oxide 氧化锆zirconium sulfate 硫酸锆zoisite 帘石zone axis 晶带轴zone melting 区域熔融zone melting process 区域熔融法zone of deformation 变形区zone of equiaxial crystals 等轴区zone of slippage 滑移区zone refining 区域精炼zone segregation 区域偏析。
冶金专业英语试题及答案
冶金专业英语试题及答案一、选择题（每题2分，共10分）1. The process of extracting metals from their ores is called ________.A. MetallurgyB. MiningC. SmeltingD. Refining答案：A2. Which of the following is not a common method of metal extraction?A. PyrometallurgyB. HydrometallurgyC. BioleachingD. Electrolysis答案：C3. The temperature at which a metal begins to melt is known as its ________.A. Boiling pointB. Melting pointC. Curie pointD. Fermi level答案：B4. What is the primary purpose of alloying in metallurgy?A. To increase the weight of the metalB. To improve the mechanical propertiesC. To change the color of the metalD. To make the metal more expensive答案：B5. Which element is commonly used as a reducing agent in the extraction of metals?A. OxygenB. CarbonC. SiliconD. Hydrogen答案：B二、填空题（每空1分，共10分）6. The main steps in the production of steel include ________, ________, and ________.答案：charging, melting, refining7. The ________ process is used to remove impurities from molten metal.答案：refining8. The ________ is a device used to heat and melt metal ores. 答案：furnace9. The ________ is a measure of the hardness of a metal.答案：Brinell hardness number10. The ________ is a type of steel that is known for itshigh strength and low weight.答案：stainless steel三、简答题（每题5分，共20分）11. Explain the difference between ferrous and non-ferrous metals.答案：Ferrous metals are those that contain iron, such assteel and cast iron. Non-ferrous metals are metals that donot contain iron, such as copper, aluminum, and zinc.12. What are the main factors that affect the rate of metal corrosion?答案：The main factors that affect the rate of metalcorrosion include the type of metal, the presence of oxygen, the acidity or alkalinity of the environment, temperature,and the presence of electrolytes.13. Describe the role of slag in the steelmaking process.答案：Slag plays a crucial role in the steelmaking process by removing impurities from the molten metal. It is a mixture of fluxes and impurities that are separated from the metalduring the refining process.14. What are the advantages of using electric arc furnaces in steel production?答案：Electric arc furnaces offer several advantages in steel production, including high energy efficiency, lower emissions, the ability to use scrap metal as a raw material, and theflexibility to produce a wide range of steel grades.四、论述题（每题15分，共30分）15. Discuss the importance of recycling metals and the challenges associated with it.答案：Recycling metals is important because it conserves natural resources, reduces energy consumption, and minimizes waste. However, challenges such as the cost of collection, the need for advanced sorting technologies, and the presence of contaminants in waste streams can hinder the efficiency of metal recycling.16. Explain the concept of metal fatigue and its significance in the field of metallurgy.答案：Metal fatigue is the progressive and localized structural damage that occurs when a material is subjected to cyclic loading. It is significant in metallurgy because it can lead to the failure of metal components, even at stress levels below the ultimate tensile strength of the material. Understanding and mitigating metal fatigue is crucial for ensuring the safety and reliability of metal structures and components.。
冶金专业英语词汇
专业英语词汇1 总论采矿mining地下采矿underground mining露天采矿open cut mining, open pit mining, surface mining采矿工程mining engineering选矿（学）mineral dressing, ore beneficiation, mineral processing矿物工程mineral engineering冶金（学）metallurgy过程冶金（学）process metallurgy提取冶金（学）extractive metallurgy化学冶金（学）chemical metallurgy物理冶金（学）physical metallurgy金属学Metallkunde冶金过程物理化学physical chemistry of process metallurgy冶金反应工程学metallurgical reaction engineering冶金工程metallurgical engineering钢铁冶金（学）ferrous metallurgy, metallurgy of iron and steel有色冶金(学)nonferrous metallurgy真空冶金(学)vacuum metallurgy等离子冶金(学)plasma metallurgy微生物冶金(学)microbial metallurgy喷射冶金(学)injection metallurgy钢包冶金(学)ladle metallurgy二次冶金(学)secondary metallurgy机械冶金(学)mechanical metallurgy焊接冶金(学)welding metallurgy粉末冶金(学)powder metallurgy铸造学foundry火法冶金(学)pyrometallurgy湿法冶金(学)hydrometallurgy电冶金(学)electrometallurgy氯冶金(学)chlorine metallurgy矿物资源综合利用engineering of comprehensive utilization of mineral resources中国金属学会The Chinese Society for Metals中国有色金属学会The Nonferrous Metals Society of China2 采矿采矿工艺mining technology有用矿物valuable mineral冶金矿产原料metallurgical mineral raw materials矿床mineral deposit特殊采矿specialized mining海洋采矿oceanic mining, marine mining矿田mine field矿山mine露天矿山surface mine地下矿山underground mine矿井shaft矿床勘探mineral deposit exploration矿山可行性研究mine feasibility study矿山规模mine capacity矿山生产能力mine production capacity矿山年产量annual mine output矿山服务年限mine life矿山基本建设mine construction矿山建设期限mine construction period矿山达产arrival at mine full capacity 开采强度mining intensity矿石回收率ore recovery ratio矿石损失率ore loss ratio工业矿石industrial ore采出矿石extracted ore矿体orebody矿脉vein海洋矿产资源oceanic mineral resources矿石ore矿石品位ore grade岩石力学rock mechanics岩体力学rock mass mechanics3 选矿选矿厂concentrator, mineral processing plant工艺矿物学process mineralogy开路open circuit闭路closed circuit流程flowsheet方框流程block flowsheet产率yield回收率recovery矿物mineral粒度particle size粗颗粒coarse particle细颗粒fine particle超微颗粒ultrafine particle粗粒级coarse fraction细粒级fine fraction网目mesh原矿run of mine, crude精矿concentrate粗精矿rough concentrate混合精矿bulk concentrate最终精矿final concentrate尾矿tailings粉碎comminution破碎crushing磨碎grinding团聚agglomeration筛分screening, sieving分级classification富集concentration分选separation手选hand sorting重选gravity separation, gravity concentration磁选magnetic separation 电选electrostatic separation浮选flotation化学选矿chemical mineral processing 自然铜native copper铝土矿bauxite冰晶石cryolite磁铁矿magnetite赤铁矿hematite假象赤铁矿martite钒钛磁铁矿vanadium titano-magnetite 铁燧石taconite褐铁矿limonite菱铁矿siderite镜铁矿specularite硬锰矿psilomelane软锰矿pyrolusite铬铁矿chromite黄铁矿pyrite钛铁矿ilmennite金红石rutile萤石fluorite高岭石kaolinite菱镁矿magnesite重晶石barite石墨graphite石英quartz方解石calcite石灰石limestone白云石dolomite云母mica石膏gypsum硼砂borax石棉asbestos蛇纹石serpentine阶段破碎stage crushing 粗碎primary crushing 中碎secondary crushing 细碎fine crushing对辊破碎机roll crusher 粉磨机pulverizer震动筛vibrating screen 筛网screen cloth筛孔screen opening筛上料oversize筛下料undersize粗磨coarse grinding 细磨fine grinding球磨机ball mill衬板liner分级机classifier自由沉降free setting沉积sedimentation石灰lime松油pine oil硫化钠sodium sulfide硅酸钠（水玻璃）sodium silicate, water glass过滤filtration过滤机filter给矿，给料feeding给矿机feeder在线分析仪on line analyzer在线粒度分析仪on line size analyzer超声粒度计ultrasonic particle sizer, supersonic particle sizer4 冶金过程物理化学冶金过程热力学thermodynamics of metallurgical processes统计热力学statistical thermodynamics不可逆过程热力学thermodynamics of irreversible processes化学热力学chemical thernodynamics表面热力学surface thermodynamics合金热力学thermodynamics of alloys冶金热力学数据库thermodynamics databank in metallurgy系system单元系single-componentsystem多元系multicomponent system均相系统homogeneous system广度性质extensive property强度性质intensive property过程process等温过程isothermal process等压过程isobaric process等容过程isochoric process绝热过程adiabatic process可逆过程reversible process不可逆过程irreversible process自发过程spontaneous process自理过程physical process化学过程chemical process冶金过程metallurgical process化学反应chemical reaction化合反应combination reaction 分解反应decomposition reaction置换反应displacement reaction可逆反应reversible reaction不可逆反应irreversible reaction电化学反应electrochemical reaction 多相反应multiphase reaction固态反应solid state reaction气一金(属)反应gas-metal reaction渣一金（属）反应slag-metal reaction 平衡equilibrium化学平衡chemical equilibrium相平衡phase equilibrium热力学平衡thermodynamic equilibrium 亚稳平衡metastable equilibrium热力学函数thermodynamic function偏摩尔量partial molar quantity总摩尔量integral molar quantity标准态standard state焓enthalpy生成焓enthalpy of formation反应焓enthalpy of reaction熵entropy吉布斯能Gibbs energy生成吉布斯能Gibbs energy of formation 反应吉布斯能Gibbs energy of reaction溶解吉布斯能Gibbs energy of solution吉布斯能函数Gibbs energy function化学位chemical potential热化学thermochemistry热效应heat effect热容heat capacity熔化热heat of fusion汽化热heat of vaporization升华热heat of sublimation相变热heat of phase transformation放热反应exothermic reaction吸热反应endothermic reaction赫斯定律Hess’s law相律phase rule相图phase diagram一元相图single-component phase diagram 二元相图binary-component phase diagram 三元相图ternary-component phase diagram 液相线liquidus固相线solidus共晶点eutectic point 杠杆规则lever rule溶液solution溶质solute溶剂solvent固溶体solid solution溶液浓度concentration of solution摩尔分数mole fraction冶金熔体metallurgical melt金属熔体metal melt(炉)渣,熔渣slag熔盐molten salt, fused salt理想溶液ideal solution真实溶液real solution正规溶液regular solution活度activity活度系数activity coefficient拉乌尔定律Raoult’s law亨利定律Henry’s law纯物质标准态pure substance standard质量１％溶液标准(态)1 mass% solution standard无限稀溶液参考态reference state of infinityly dilute solution相互作用系数interaction coefficient化学反应等温式chemical reaction isotherm吉布斯～亥姆霍兹方程Gibbs-Helmholtz equation质量作用定律law of mass action平衡常数equilibrium constant平衡值equilibrium value直接还原direct reduction间接还原indirect reduction金属热还原metallothermic reduction选择性氧化selective oxidation渣碱度basicity of slag光学破度optical basicity酸性氧化物acid oxide碱性氧化物basicoxide两性氧化物amphoteric泡沫渣foaming slag熔渣的分子理论molecular theory of slag熔渣的离子理论ionization theory of slag脱氧平衡deoxidation equilibrium脱氧常数deoxidation constant熔渣脱硫desulfurization by slag气态脱硫desulfurization in the gaseous state硫分配比sulfur partition ratio 硫化物容量sulfide capacity氧化脱磷dephosphorization under oxidizing atmosphere磷分配比碳一氧平衡carbon-oxygen equilibrium真空脱碳vacuum decarburization去气degassing去除非金属夹杂(物)elimination of nonmetallic inclusion非金属夹杂(物)变形form modification of nonmetallic inclusion脱硅desiliconization脱锰demanganization分配平衡distribution law化学气相沉积chemical vapor deposition(CVD)4.2 冶金过程动力学微观动力学microkinetics化学动力学chemical kinetics反应途径reaction path反应机理reaction mechanism基元反应elementary reaction平行反应parallel链反应chain reaction总反应overall reaction反应速率reaction rate反应速率常数reaction rate constant反应级数reaction order零级反应zero order reaction一级反应first order reaction二级反应second order reactionn级反应nth order reaction碰撞理论collision theory活化能activation energy表现活化能apparent activation energy阿伦尼乌斯方程Arrhenius equation半衰期half-life宏观动力学macrokinetics冶金过程动力学kinetics of metallurgical process传输现象transport phenomena传质mass transfer传热heat transfer动量传输momentum transfer层流laminar flow湍流turbulent flow气泡gas bubble鼓泡bubbling射流jet液滴liquid droplet 粘度viscosity边界层boundary layer流率flow rate通量flux扩散diffusion菲克第一扩散定律Fick’s 1st law of diffusion 菲克第一扩散定律Fick’s 2nd law of diffusion 扩散系数diffusion coefficient传质系数mass transfer coefficient热传导heat conduction热对流heat convection自然对流natural convection强制对流forced convection热辐射heat radiation导热率thermal conductivity传热系数heat transfer coefficient体内浓度bulk concentration未反应核模型unreacted core model扩散控制反应diffusion-controlled reaction 化学控制反应chenical-controlled reaction 混合控制反应mixed-controlled reaction相似原理priciple of similarity雷诺数Reynolds number固定床fiexed bed填充床packed bed移动床moving bed流态化床fluidized bed混合时间mixing time停留时间residence time, retention time催化catalysis催化剂catalyst表面能surface energy表面张力surface tension界面能interfacial energy界面张力interfacial tension润湿wetting表面活性物质surface-active substance吸收absorption吸附absorption4.3 冶金电化学冶金电化学metallurgical electrochemistry 熔盐电化学electrochemistry of fused salts 固态离子学solid state ionics电解质溶液electrolyte solution阳离子cation阴离子anion 电导conductance电导率conductivity电阻resistance电极electrode阴极cathode阳极anode电镀electroplating固体电解质solid electrolyte稳定的氧化锆stablized zirconia氧传感器oxygen sensor硅传感器silicon sensor定氧测头oxygen probe定硅测头silicon probe4.4 冶金物理化学研究方法冶金物理化学研究方法research methods in metallurgical physicalchemistry热电偶thermocouple量热计calorimeter热太平thermobalance热分析thermal analysis差热分析differential thermal analysis,DTA热重法thermogravimetry分子筛molecular sieve5 钢铁冶金 5.1 炼焦炼焦coking高温炭化high temperature carbonization塑性成焦机理plastic mechanism of coke formation中间相成焦机理mesophase mechanism of coke formation选煤coal preparation, coal washing配煤coal blending配煤试验coal blending test炼焦煤coking coal气煤gas coal肥煤fat coal瘦煤lean coal焦炉coke oven焦化室oven chamber焦饼coke cake结焦时间coking time周转时间cycle time装煤coal charging捣固装煤stamp charging推焦coke pushing焦炭熄火coke quenching干法熄焦dry quenching of coke 焦台coke wharf装煤车larry car推焦机pushing machine拦焦机coke guide熄焦车quenching car焦炉焖炉banking for coke oven焦炭coke冶金焦metallurgical coke铸造焦foundry coke焦炭工业分析proximate analysis of coke焦炭元素分析ultimate analysis of coke焦炭落下指数shatter index of coke焦炭转鼓指数drum index of coke焦炭热强度hot strength of coke焦炭反应性coke reactivity焦炭反应后强度post-reaction strength of coke焦炭显微强度microstrength of coke焦炉煤气coke oven gas发热值calorific value煤焦油coal tar粗苯crude benzol苯benzene甲苯toluene二甲苯xylene苯并呋喃-茚树脂 coumarone-indene resin 精萘refined naphthalene精蒽refined anthracene煤[焦油]沥青 coal tar pitch沥青焦pitch coke针状焦needle coke型焦formcoke5.2 耐火材料耐火材料refractory materials耐火粘土fireclay高岭土kaolin硬质粘土flint clay轻质粘土soft clay陶土pot clay蒙脱石montmorillonite叶蜡石pyrophyllite膨润土bentonite鳞石英tridymite方石英cristobalite砂岩sandstone耐火石firestone莫来石mullite 氧化铝alumina烧结氧化铝sintered alumina电熔氧化铝fused alumina刚玉corundum红柱石andalusite蓝晶石kyanite,cyanite硅线石sillimanite橄榄石olivine方镁石periclase镁砂magnesia合成镁砂synthetic sintered magnesia电熔镁砂fused magnesia烧结白云石砂sintered dolomite clinker合成镁铬砂synthetic magnesia chromite clinker尖晶石spinel镁铬尖晶石magnesia chrome spinel,magnesiochromite硅藻土diatomaceous earth, infusorial earth蛭石vermiculite珍珠岩perlite碳化硅silicon carbide氮化硅silicon nitride氮化硼boron nitride粘土熟料chamotte熟料grog轻烧light burning,soft burning死烧dead burning,hard burning成型模注shaping moulding机压成型mechanical pressing等静压成型isostatic pressing摩擦压砖机friction press液压压砖机hydraulic press捣打成型ramming process熔铸成型fusion cast process砖坯强度green strength,dry strength隧道窑tunnel kiln回转窑rotary kiln倒焰窑down draught kiln耐火砖refractory brick标准型耐火砖standard size refractory brick泡砂石quartzite sandstone酸性耐火材料acid refractory [material]硅质耐火材料siliceous refractory [material]硅砖silica brick,dinas brick熔融石英制品fused quartz product硅酸铝质耐火材料aluminosillicate refractory半硅砖semisilica brick粘土砖fireclay brick,chamotte brick石墨粘土砖graphite clay brick高铝砖high alumina brick硅线石砖sillimanite brick莫来石砖mullite brick刚玉砖corundum brick铝铬砖alumina chrome brick熔铸砖fused cast brick碱性耐火材料basic refractory [material]镁质耐火材料magnesia refractory [material]镁砖magnesia brick镁铝砖magnesia alumina brick镁铬砖magnesia chrome brick镁炭砖magnesia carbon brick中性耐火材料neutral refractory [material]复合砖composite brick铝炭砖alumina carbon brick铝镁炭转alumina magnesia brick锆炭砖zirconia graphite brick镁钙炭砖magnesia clacia carbon brick长水口long nozzle浸入式水口immersion nozzle,submerged nozzle定径水口metering nozzle氧化铝-碳化硅-炭砖 Al2O3-SiC-C brick透气砖gas permeable brick,porous brick滑动水口slide gate nozzle水口砖nozzle brick塞头砖stopper绝热耐火材料insulating refractory轻质耐火材料light weight refractory袖砖sleeve brick格子砖checker brick,chequer brick陶瓷纤维ceramic fiber耐火纤维refractory fiber耐火浇注料refractory castable耐火混凝土refractory concrete荷重耐火性refractoriness under load抗渣性slagging resistance耐磨损性abrasion resistance5.3 碳素材料[含]碳[元]素材料 carbon materials无定形碳amorphous carbon金刚石diamond炭相[学]carbon micrography 炭黑carbon black石油沥青petroleum pitch石油焦炭petroleum coke石墨化graphitization石墨化电阻炉electric resistance furnace for graphitization石墨纯净化处理purification treatment of graphite炭砖carbon brick炭块carbon block碳化硅基炭块SiC-based carbon block炭电极carbon electrode连续自焙电极Soderberg electrode石墨电极graphite electrode超高功率石墨电极ultra-high power graphite electrode石墨电极接头graphite electrode nipple石墨电极接头孔graphite electrode socket plug电极糊electrode paste石墨坩埚graphite crucible石墨电阻棒graphite rod resistor炭刷carbon brush高纯石墨high purity graphite5.4 铁合金铁合金ferroalloy硅铁ferrosilicon硅钙calcium silicon金属硅silicon metal锰铁ferromangnanese低碳锰铁low carbon ferromanganese硅锰silicomanganese金属锰manganese metal铬铁ferrochromium低碳铬铁low carbon ferrochromium微碳铬铁extra low carbon ferrochromium 硅铬silicochromium金属铬chromium metal钨铁ferrotunsten钼铁ferromolybdenum钛铁ferrotitanium硼铁ferroboron铌铁ferroniobium磷铁ferrophosphorus镍铁ferronickel锆铁ferrozirconium硅锆silicozirconium 稀土硅铁rare earth ferrosilicon稀土镁硅铁rare earth ferrosilicomagnesium成核剂nucleater孕育剂incubater,inoculant球化剂nodulizer蠕化剂vermiculizer中间铁合金master alloy复合铁合金complex ferroalloy电碳热法electro-carbothermic process电硅热法electro-silicothermic process铝热法aluminothermic process,thermit process电铝热法electro-aluminothermic process开弧炉open arc furnace埋弧炉submerged arc furnace半封闭炉semiclosed furnace封闭炉closed furnace矮烟罩电炉electric furnace with low hood矮炉身电炉low-shaft electric furnace5.5 烧结与球团人造块矿ore agglomerates烧结矿sinter压块矿briquette球团[矿] pellet针铁矿goethite自熔性铁矿self-fluxed iron ore复合铁矿complex iron ore块矿lump ore粉矿ore fines矿石混匀ore blending配矿ore proportioning矿石整粒ore size grading返矿return fines储矿场ore stockyard矿石堆料机ore stocker匀矿取料机ore reclaimer熔剂flux消石灰slaked lime活性石灰quickened lime有机粘结剂organic binder烧结混合料sinter mixture烧结铺底料hearth layer for sinter烧结sintering烧结热前沿heat front in sintering烧结火焰前沿flame front in sintering 渣相粘结slag bonding扩散粘结diffusion bonding 带式烧结机Dwight-Lloyd sintering machine环式烧结机circular travelling sintering machine烧结梭式布料机shuttle conveyer belt烧结点火料sintering ignition furnace烧结盘sintering pan烧结锅sintering pot烧结冷却机sinter cooler带式冷却机straight-line cooler环式冷却机circular cooler,annular cooler生球green pellet,ball生球长大聚合机理ball growth by coalescence生球长大成层机理ball growth by layering生球长大同化机理ball growth by assimilation精矿成球指数balling index for iron ore concentrates生球转鼓强度drum strength of green pellet生球落下强度shatter strength of green pellet生球抗压强度compression strength of green pellet生球爆裂温度cracking temperature of green pellet圆筒造球机balling drum圆盘造球机balling disc竖炉陪烧球团shaft furnace for pellet firing带式机陪烧球团traveling grate for pellet firing链算机-回转窑陪烧球团grate-kiln for pellet firing环式机陪烧球团circular gates for pellet firing冷固结球团cold bound pellet维式体wustite铁橄榄石fayalite铁尖晶石hercynite铁黄长石ferrogehlenite铁酸半钙calcium diferrite铁酸钙calcium ferrite铁酸二钙dicalcium ferrite锰铁橄榄石knebelite钙铁橄榄石kirschsteinite钙铁辉石hedenbergite钙铁榴石andradite钙长石anorthite钙镁橄榄石monticellite钙钛矿perovskite硅灰石wollastonite硅酸二钙dicalcium silicate 硅酸三钙tricalcium silicate镁橄榄石forsterite镁黄长石akermanite镁蔷薇辉石manganolite钙铝黄长石gehlenite钛辉石titanaugite枪晶石cuspidine预还原球团pre-reduced pellet金属化球团metallized pellet转鼓试验drum test,tumbler test落下试验shatter test5.6 高炉炼铁炼铁iron making高炉炼铁[法] blast furnace process高炉blast furnace鼓风炉blast furnace炉料charge, burden矿料ore charge焦料coke charge炉料提升charge hoisting小车上料charge hoisting by skip吊罐上料charge hoisting by bucket皮带上料charge hoisting by belt conveyer装料charging装料顺序charging sequence储料漏斗hopper双料钟式装料two-bells system charging无料钟装料bell-less charging布料器distributor炉内料线stock line in the furnace探料尺gauge rod利用系数utilization coefficient冶炼强度combustion intensity鼓风blast风压blast pressure风温blast temperature鼓风量blast volume鼓风湿度blast humidity全风量操作full blast慢风under blowing休风delay喷吹燃料fuel injection喷煤coal injection喷油oil injection富氧鼓风oxygen enriched blast,oxygen enrichment置换比replacement ratio 喷射器injector热补偿thermal compensation焦比coke ratio,coke rate燃料比fuel ratio,fuel rate氧化带oxidizing zone风口循环区raceway蒸汽鼓风humidified blast混合喷吹mixed injection脱湿鼓风dehumidified blast炉内压差pressure drop in furnace煤气分布gas distribution煤气利用率gas utilization rate炉况furnace condition顺行smooth running焦炭负荷coke load,ore to coke ratio软熔带cohesive zone,softening zone渣比slag to iron ratio,slag ratio上部[炉料]调节burden conditioning下部[鼓风]调节blast conditioning高炉作业率operation rate of blast furnace 休风率delay ratio高炉寿命blast furnace campaign悬料hanging崩料slip沟流channeling结瘤scaffolding炉缸冻结hearth freeze-up开炉blow on停炉blow off积铁salamander炉型profile,furnace lines炉喉throat炉身shaft,stack炉腰belly炉腹bosh炉缸hearth炉底 bottom炉腹角bosh angle炉身角stack angle有效容积effective volume工作容积working bolume铁口iron notch, slag notch 渣口cinder notch, slag notch 风口tuyere窥视孔peep hole风口水套tuyere cooler 渣口水套slag notch cooler风口弯头tuyere stock热风围管bustle pipe堵渣机stopper泥炮mud gun,clay gun开铁口机iron notch drill铁水hot metal铁[水]罐iron ladle鱼雷车torpedo car主铁沟sow出铁沟casting house铁沟iron runner渣沟slag runner渣罐cinder ladle, slag ladle 撇渣器skimmer冷却水箱cooling plate冷却壁cooling stave汽化冷却vaporization cooling 热风炉hot blast stove燃烧室combustion chamber燃烧器burner热风阀hot blast valve烟道阀chimney valve冷风阀cold blast valve助燃风机burner blower切断阀burner shut-off valve旁通阀by-pass valve混风阀mixer selector valve送风期on blast of stove,on blast燃烧期on gas of stove, on gas换炉stove changing放散阀blow off valve内燃式热风炉Cowper stove外燃式燃烧炉outside combustion stove 顶燃式热风炉top combustion stove炉顶放散阀bleeding valve放散管bleeder上升管gas uptake放风阀snorting valve均压阀equalizing valve高压调节阀septum valve炉顶高压elevated top pressure铸铁机pig-casting machine铸铁模pig mold冲天炉cupola水渣granulating slag 水渣池granulating pit渣场slag disposal pit高炉煤气top gas,blast furnace gas高炉煤气回收topgas recovery,TGR非焦炭炼铁non-coke iron making直接还原炼铁[法]direct reduction iron making直接还原铁directly reduced iron,DRI竖炉直接炼铁direct reduction in shaft furnace流态化炼铁fluidized-bed iron making转底炉炼铁rotary hearth iron making米德雷克斯直接炼铁[法]Midrex processHYL直接炼铁[法] HYL process克虏伯回转窑炼铁[法] Krupp rotary kiln iron-making熔态还原smelting reduction铁溶法iron-bath process科雷克斯法COREX process生铁pig iron海绵铁sponge iron镜铁spiegel iron清铁法H-rion process5.7 炼钢钢steel炼钢steelmaking钢水liquid steel,molten steel钢semisteel沸腾钢rimming steel,rimmed steel镇静钢killed steel半镇静钢semikilled steel压盖沸腾钢capped steel坩埚炼钢法crucible steelmaking双联炼钢法duplex steelmaking process连续炼钢法continuous steelmaking process 直接炼钢法direct steelmaking process混铁炉hot metal machine装料机charging machine装料期charging machine加热期heating period熔化期melting period造渣期slag forming period精炼期refining period熔清melting down脱氧deoxidation预脱氧preliminary dexidation 还原渣reducing slag酸性渣acid slag碱性渣basic slag脱碳decarburization增碳recarburization脱磷dephosphorization回磷rephosphorization脱硫desulfurization回硫resulfurization脱氮denitrogenation过氧化overoxidation出钢tapping冶炼时间duration of heat出钢样tapping sample浇铸样casting sample不合格炉次off heat熔炼损耗melting loss铁损iron loss废钢scrap废钢打包baling of scrap造渣材料slag making materials 添加剂addition reagent脱氧剂deoxidizer脱硫剂desulfurizer冷却剂coolant回炉渣return slag喷枪lance浸入式喷枪submerged lance钢包ladle出钢口top hole出钢槽pouring lining炉顶furnace roof炉衬furnace lining炉衬侵蚀lining erosion渣线slag line炉衬寿命lining life分区砌砖zoned lining补炉fettling热修hot repair喷补gunning火焰喷补flame gunning转炉converter底吹转炉bottom-blown converter酸性空气底吹转炉air bottom-blown acid converter碱性空气底吹转炉air bottom-blown basic converter 侧吹转炉side-blown converter卡尔多转炉Kaldo converter氧气炼铁oxygen steelmaking氧气顶吹转炉top-blown oxygen converter,LI converter氧气底吹转炉bottom-blown oxygen converter quiet basic oxygen furnace,QBOF顶底复吹转炉top and bottom combined blown converter喷石灰粉顶吹氧气转炉法oxygen lime process底吹煤氧的复合吹炼法Klockner-Maxhutte steelmaking process,KMS住友复合吹炼法Sumitomo top and bottom blowing process,STBLBE复吹法lance bubbling equilibrium process,LBE顶枪喷煤粉炼钢法Arved lance carbon injection process,ALCI蒂森复合吹炼法Thyssen Blassen Metallurgical process,TBM面吹surface blow软吹soft blow硬吹hard blow补吹reblow过吹overblow后吹after blow目标碳aim carbon终点碳end point carbon高拉碳操作catch carbon practice 增碳操作recarburization practice 单渣操作single-slag operation双渣操作double-slag operation渣乳化slag emulsion二次燃烧postcombustion吹氧时间oxygen blow duration吹炼终点blow end point倒炉turning down喷渣slopping喷溅spitting静态控制static control动态控制dynamic control氧枪oxygen lance氧枪喷孔nozzle of oxygen lance 多孔喷枪multi-nozzle lance转炉炉体converter body炉帽upper cone炉口mouth,lip ring装料大面impact pad活动炉底removable bottom 顶吹氧枪top blow oxygen lance副枪sublance多孔砖nozzle brick单环缝喷嘴single annular tuyere双环缝喷嘴double annular tuyere挡渣器slag stopper挡渣塞floating plug电磁测渣器electromagnetic slag detector 废气控制系统off gas control system,OGCS 平炉open-hearth furnace平炉炼钢open-hearth steelmaking冷装法cold charge practice热装法hot charge practice碳沸腾carbon boil石灰沸腾lime boil炉底沸腾bottom boil再沸腾reboil有效炉底面积effective hearth area酸性平炉acid open-hearth furnace碱性平炉basic open-hearth furnace固定式平炉stationary open-hearth furnace 倾动式平炉tilting open-hearth furnace双床平炉twin-hearth furnace顶吹氧气平炉open-hearth furnace with roof oxygen lance蓄热室regenerator沉渣室slag pocket电炉炼钢electric steelmaking电弧炉electric arc furnace超高功率电弧炉ultra-high power electric arc furnace直流电弧炉direct current electric arc furnace双电极直流电弧炉double electrode direct current arc furnace竖窑式电弧炉shaft arc furnace电阻炉electric resistance furnace工频感应炉line frequency induction furnace中频感应炉medium frequency induction furnace高频感应炉high frequency induction furnace电渣重熔electroslag remelting,ESR电渣熔铸electroslag casting,ESC电渣浇注Bohler electroslag tapping,BEST真空电弧炉重熔vacuum arc remelting,VAR真空感应炉熔炼vacuum induction melting,VIM电子束炉重熔electron beam remelting,EBR等离子炉重炼plasma-arc remelting,PAR 水冷模电弧熔炼cold-mold arc melting等离子感应炉熔炼plasma induction melting,PIM等离子连续铸锭plasma progressive casting,PPC等离子凝壳铸造plasma skull casting,PSC能量优化炼钢炉energy optimizing furnace,EOF氧燃喷嘴oxygen-fuel burner氧煤助熔accelerated melting by coal-oxygen burner氧化期oxidation period还原期reduction period长弧泡沫渣操作弧长控制 long arc foaming slag operation白渣white slag电石渣carbide slag煤氧喷吹coal-oxygen injection炉壁热点hot spots on the furnace wall偏弧arc bias透气塞porous plug出钢到出钢时间tap-to-tap time虹吸出钢siphon tapping偏心炉底出钢eccentric bottom tapping,EBT中心炉底出钢centric bottom tapping,CBT侧面炉底出钢side bottom tapping,SBT滑动水口出钢slide fate tapping5.8 精炼、浇铸及缺陷铁水预处理hot metal pretreatment机械搅拌铁水脱硫法KR process torpedo desulfurization鱼雷车铁水脱磷torpedo dephosphorization二次精炼secondary refining钢包精炼ladle refining合成渣synthetic slag微合金化microalloying成分微调trimming钢洁净度steel cleanness钢包炉ladle furnace,LF直流钢包炉DC ladle furnace真空钢包炉LF-vacuum真空脱气vacuum degassing真空电弧脱气vacuum arc degassing,VAD真空脱气炉vacuum degassing furnace,VDF真空精炼vacuum refining钢流脱气stream degassing提升式真空脱气法Dortmund Horder vacuum degassing process,DH循环式真空脱气法Ruhstahl-Hausen vacuum degassing process,RH真空浇铸vacuum casting吹氧RH操作RH-oxygen blowing,RH-OB川崎顶吹氧RH操作RH-Kawasaki top blowing,RH-KTB喷粉RH操作RH-poowder blowing,TH-PB喷粉法powder injection process喷粉精炼injection refining蒂森钢包喷粉法Thyssen Niederhein process,TN瑞典喷粉法Scandinavian Lancer process,SL君津真空喷粉法vacuum Kimitsu injection process密封吹氩合金成分调整法composition adjustment by sealed argon bubbling,CAS吹氧提温CAS法CAS-OB process脉冲搅拌法pulsating mixing process,PM电弧加热电磁搅拌钢包精炼法ASEA-SKF process真空吹氧脱碳法vacuum oxygen decarburization process ,VOD氩氧脱碳法argon-oxygen decarburization process,AOD蒸汽氧精炼法Creusot-Loire Uddelholm process,CLU无渣精炼slag free refining摇包法shaking ladle process铝弹脱氧法aluminium bullet shooting,ABS钢锭ingot铸锭ingot casting坑铸pit casting车铸car casting钢锭模ingot mold保温帽hot top下铸bottom casting上铸top casting补浇back pour,back feeding浇注速度pouring speed脱模ingot stripping发热渣exoslag防再氧化操作reoxidation protection连续浇注continuous casting连铸机continuous caster,CC,continuous casting machine,CCM弧形连铸机bow-type continuous caster立弯式连铸机vertical-bending caster立式连铸机vertical caster水平连铸机horizontal caster小方坯连铸机billet caster大方坯连铸机bloom caster板坯连铸机slab caster 薄板坯连铸机thin-slab casting薄带连铸机strip caster近终型浇铸near-net-shape casting单辊式连铸机single-roll caster单带式连铸机single-belt caster双带式连铸机twin-belt caster倾斜带式连铸机inclined conveyer type caster [连铸]流strand铸流间距strand distance注流对中控制stream centering control钢包回转台ladle turret中间包tundish回转式中间包swiveling tundish倾动式中间包tiltable tundish中间包挡墙weir and dam in tundish引锭杆dummy bar刚性引锭杆rigid dummy bar挠性引锭杆flexible dummy bar结晶器mold直型结晶器straight mold弧形结晶器curved mold组合式结晶器composite mold多级结晶器multi-stage mold调宽结晶器adjustable mold结晶器振动mold oscillation结晶器内钢液顶面meniscus,steel level钢液面控制技术steel level control technique 保护渣casting powder,mold powder凝壳shell液芯liquid core空气隙air gap一次冷却区peimary cooling zone二次冷却区secondary cooling zone极限冷却速度critical cooling rate浇铸半径casting radius渗漏bleeding拉坯速度casting speed拉漏breaking out振动波纹oscillation mark水口堵塞nozzle clogging气水喷雾冷却air mist spray cooling分离环separating ring拉辊withdrawal roll立式导辊vertical guide roll弯曲辊bending roll夹辊pinch roll 矫直辊straightening roll驱动辊driving roll导向辊装置roller apron切割定尺装置cut-to-length device钢流保护浇注shielded casting practice 多点矫直multipoint straightening电磁搅拌electromagnetic stirring,EMS 浇注周期casting cycle多炉连浇sequence casting事故溢流槽emergercy launder菜花头cauliflower top钢锭缩头piped top表面缺陷surface defect内部缺陷internal defect缩孔shrinkage cavity中心缩孔center line shrinkage气孔blowhole表面气孔surface blowhole皮下气孔subskin blowhole针孔pinhole铸疤feather冷隔cold shut炼钢缺陷lamination。
冶金专业英语词汇(简版)
冶金专业英语词汇21 总论采矿mining地下采矿underground mining露天采矿open cut mining, open pit mining, surface mining采矿工程mining engineering选矿（学）mineral dressing, ore beneficiation, mineral processing矿物工程mineral engineering冶金（学）metallurgy过程冶金（学）process metallurgy提取冶金（学）extractive metallurgy化学冶金（学）chemical metallurgy物理冶金（学）physical metallurgy金属学Metallkunde冶金过程物理化学physical chemistry of process metallurgy冶金反应工程学metallurgical reaction engineering冶金工程metallurgical engineering钢铁冶金（学）ferrous metallurgy, metallurgy of iron and steel有色冶金(学)nonferrous metallurgy真空冶金(学)vacuum metallurgy等离子冶金(学)plasma metallurgy微生物冶金(学)microbial metallurgy喷射冶金(学)injection metallurgy钢包冶金(学)ladle metallurgy二次冶金(学)secondary metallurgy机械冶金(学)mechanical metallurgy焊接冶金(学)welding metallurgy粉末冶金(学)powder metallurgy铸造学foundry火法冶金(学)pyrometallurgy湿法冶金(学)hydrometallurgy电冶金(学)electrometallurgy氯冶金(学)chlorine metallurgy矿物资源综合利用engineering of comprehensive utilization of mineralresources中国金属学会The Chinese Society for Metals中国有色金属学会The Nonferrous Metals Society of China2 采矿采矿工艺mining technology有用矿物valuable mineral冶金矿产原料metallurgical mineral raw materials矿床mineral deposit特殊采矿specialized mining海洋采矿oceanic mining, marine mining矿田mine field矿山mine露天矿山surface mine地下矿山underground mine矿井shaft矿床勘探mineral deposit exploration矿山可行性研究mine feasibility study矿山规模mine capacity矿山生产能力mine production capacity矿山年产量annual mine output 矿山服务年限mine life矿山基本建设mine construction矿山建设期限mine construction period矿山达产arrival at mine full capacity开采强度mining intensity矿石回收率ore recovery ratio矿石损失率ore loss ratio工业矿石industrial ore采出矿石extracted ore矿体orebody矿脉vein海洋矿产资源oceanic mineral resources矿石ore矿石品位ore grade岩石力学rock mechanics岩体力学rock mass mechanics3 选矿选矿厂concentrator, mineral processing plant工艺矿物学process mineralogy开路open circuit闭路closed circuit流程flowsheet方框流程block flowsheet产率yield回收率recovery矿物mineral粒度particle size粗颗粒coarse particle细颗粒fine particle超微颗粒ultrafine particle粗粒级coarse fraction细粒级fine fraction网目mesh原矿run of mine, crude精矿concentrate粗精矿rough concentrate混合精矿bulk concentrate最终精矿final concentrate尾矿tailings粉碎comminution 破碎crushing磨碎grinding团聚agglomeration筛分screening, sieving分级classification富集concentration分选separation手选hand sorting重选gravity separation, gravity concentration磁选magnetic separation电选electrostatic separation浮选flotation化学选矿chemical mineral processing自然铜native copper铝土矿bauxite冰晶石cryolite磁铁矿magnetite赤铁矿hematite假象赤铁矿martite钒钛磁铁矿vanadium titano-magnetite铁燧石taconite褐铁矿limonite菱铁矿siderite镜铁矿specularite硬锰矿psilomelane软锰矿pyrolusite铬铁矿chromite黄铁矿pyrite钛铁矿ilmennite金红石rutile萤石fluorite高岭石kaolinite菱镁矿magnesite重晶石barite石墨graphite石英quartz方解石calcite石灰石limestone白云石dolomite云母mica石膏gypsum硼砂borax石棉asbestos蛇纹石serpentine阶段破碎stage crushing粗碎primary crushing中碎secondary crushing细碎fine crushing对辊破碎机roll crusher 粉磨机pulverizer震动筛vibrating screen筛网screen cloth筛孔screen opening筛上料oversize筛下料undersize粗磨coarse grinding细磨fine grinding球磨机ball mill衬板liner分级机classifier自由沉降free setting沉积sedimentation石灰lime松油pine oil硫化钠sodium sulfide硅酸钠（水玻璃）sodium silicate, water glass过滤filtration过滤机filter给矿，给料feeding给矿机feeder在线分析仪on line analyzer在线粒度分析仪on line size analyzer超声粒度计ultrasonic particle sizer, supersonic particle sizeriron and steel industry 钢铁工业ironworks铁厂foundry 铸造车间steelworks, steel mill 钢厂coking plant 炼焦厂electrometallurgy电冶金学powder metallurgy粉末冶金学blast furnace 鼓风炉mouth, throat 炉口hopper, chute 料斗stack 炉身belly 炉腰bosh 炉腹crucible 炉缸slag tap 放渣口taphole 出铁口，出渣口pig bed 铸床mould 铸模（美作：mold）tuyere, nozzle 风口ingot mould 锭模（美作：ingot mold）floor 平台hearth 炉底charger装料机ladle 铁水包，钢水包dust catcher 除尘器washer 洗涤塔converter 转炉hoist 卷扬机compressor 压缩机tilting mixer 可倾式混铁炉regenerator 蓄热室heat exchanger 热交换器gas purifier 煤气净化器turbocompressor 涡轮压缩机burner 烧嘴cupola 化铁炉，冲天炉emptier 排空装置trough 铁水沟，排渣沟skip 料车rolling mill 轧机，轧钢机blooming mill 初轧机roller 辊bed 底座rolling-mill housing轧机机架drawbench 拔管机，拉丝机drawplate 拉模板shaft furnace 竖炉refining furnace 精炼炉reverberatory furnace 反射炉hearth furnace 床式反射炉firebrick lining耐火砖衬retort 反应罐muffle 马弗炉roof, arch炉顶forge 锻造press 压锻pile hammer打桩锤drop hammer 落锤die拉模blowlamp 吹炬（美作：blowtorch）crusher 破碎机iron ore 铁矿石coke 焦炭bauxite铁钒土alumina 铝cryolite 冰晶石flux 熔剂limestone flux 石灰石溶剂haematite 赤铁矿（美作：hematite）gangue 脉石cast iron铸铁cast iron ingot铸铁锭slag 炉渣soft iron软铁pig iron 生铁wrought iron 熟铁iron ingot 铁锭puddled iron 搅炼熟铁round iron 圆铁scrap iron 废铁steel 钢crude steel 粗钢mild steel, soft steel 软钢，低碳钢hard steel 硬钢cast steel 坩埚钢，铸钢stainless steel 不锈钢electric steel 电工钢，电炉钢high-speed steel 高速钢moulded steel 铸钢refractory steel 热强钢，耐热钢alloy steel 合金钢plate, sheet薄板corrugated iron 瓦垅薄钢板tinplate, tin 马口铁finished product 成品，产品semifinished product 半成品，中间产品ferrous products 铁制品coiled sheet 带状薄板bloom 初轧方坯metal strip, metal band 铁带，钢带billet 坯锭，钢坯shavings 剃边profiled bar 异型钢材shape, section 型钢angle iron 角钢frit 烧结wire 线材ferronickel 镍铁elinvar 镍铬恒弹性钢ferrite 铁氧体，铁醇盐cementite 渗碳体，碳化铁pearlite 珠光体charging, loading 装料，炉料fusion, melting, smelting 熔炼remelting 再熔化，重熔refining 精炼casting 出铁to cast 出铁tapping 出渣，出钢，出铁to insufflate, to inject 注入heating 加热preheating 预热tempering 回火temper 回火annealing 退火reduction 还原cooling 冷却decarbonization, decarburization脱碳coking 炼焦slagging, scorification造渣carburization 渗碳case hardening 表面硬化cementation 渗碳fritting, sintering 烧结puddling 搅炼pulverization 粉化，雾化nitriding 渗氮alloy 合金floatation, flotation 浮选patternmaking 制模moulding 成型（美作：molding）calcination 煅烧amalgamation 汞齐化rolling 轧制drawing 拉拔extrusion 挤压wiredrawing 拉丝stamping, pressing 冲压die casting 拉模铸造forging 锻造turning 车削milling 铣削machining, tooling 加工autogenous welding, fusion welding 氧炔焊arc welding 电弧焊electrolysis 电解trimming 清理焊缝blowhole 气孔。
冶金专业英语词汇（P）_冶金专业英语词汇
p.s. converter 卧式转炉p/m forging 粉末冶金锻造p/m high speed steel 粉末冶金高速钢p/m superalloys 粉末冶金超级合金pack 板叠pack annealing 装箱退火pack boriding 填充渗硼pack hardening 固体渗碳pack rolling 叠轧package 捆packaging machine 打包机packed column 填充塔packed tower 填充塔packing 衬垫;打包packing machine 打包机packing material 填充料packing ring 密封环padding 填料paddle mixer 桨叶式混合机paddle wheel agitator 桨叶式搅拌机paint coat 涂漆palladium 钯palladium sponge 海绵钯pallet 台车pantal 潘塔尔铝合金parachor 等张比容parallel connection 并联parallel growth 平行生长parallel pore filter 平行孔过滤器paramagnetic material 顺磁性材料paramagnetic substance 顺磁性材料paramagnetism 顺磁性parameter 参数parameter ratio 轴率parametral plane 坐标轴晶面parametral ratio 轴率paramorphism 同质假象现象parent metal 基底金属;母体金属parent metal test specimen 母体金属试样parent phase 母相parent plate 母板parkerization 磷酸盐处理parkerized steel 磷酸盐处理钢parkerizing 磷酸盐处理parkes process 怕克斯炼铅法partial annealing 局部退火partial austenitizing 部分奥氏体化partial condensation 不完全冷凝partial dislocation 部分位错partial entropy 偏熵partial heat treatment 局部热处理partial pressure 分压力partial pyritic smelting 半自热熔炼partial quenching 局部淬火partial radiation pyrometer 部分辐射高温计partial roasting 部分焙烧partial solid solubility 有限固溶度partial solubility 有限溶解度partial volume 分容积partially alloyed powder 部分合金化粉particle 粒子particle shape 颗粒形状particle size 粒度particle size distribution 粒度分布particle size fraction 粒度级particle size range 粒度范围particle strengthening 颗粒强化parting line 分型线parting sand 分型砂parting saw 分切锯partition chromatography 分配色层法partition curve 分配曲线partition law 分配定律partition ratio 分配系数partition wall 隔墙pass 道pass contour 孔型外形pass height 孔型高度pass line 轧制线pass over mill 二辊不可逆式轧机pass schedule 轧制表pass sequence 轧制表passivating dip 钝化溶液passivation 钝化passivation potential 钝化电位passive film 钝化膜passive state 钝态passivity 钝态paste process 糊膏挤压成型法patching 炉底修补patented wire 铅淬火钢丝patenting 铅淬火patenting furnace 铅淬火炉patina 铜绿patina finish 表面绿锈处理patronite 绿硫钒矿pattern draft 拔模斜度pattern metal 制模金属pattern plate 模板patternmaking 制模pauli's exclusion principle 泡利不相容原理pay off reel 开卷机pea iron ore 豆状铁矿pearl spar 白云石peat 泥炭pebble mill 碎石磨机pebbles 桔皮表面pebbling 桔皮效应pectolite 针钠钙石peel 皮peel test 剥离试验peeling 剥落peeling and straightening machine 剥皮矫直机peeling machine 钢锭修整机床peening shot 喷丸用钢丸peg 钉peg rammer 手工捣锤peierls stress 佩尔斯应力pellet 球团矿pellet burden 粒状装料pelleted charge 粒状装料pelletization 成球pelletized ore 粒化矿石pelletizer 制粒机pelletizing 成球pelletizing plant 球团矿厂pencil gate 淋雨式浇口pencil glide 铅笔状滑移pencil gliding 铅笔状滑移pendulum impact tester 摆式冲辉验机pendulum impact testing machine 摆式冲辉验机pendulum saw 摆式锯penetration 焊透penetration depth 熔化层深度pentlandite 镍黄铁矿percent reduction 压缩率percentage of elongation 延伸率percentage reduction of area 断面收缩率perchloric acid 高氯酸percolation 渗滤percolation column 渗滤塔percolation leaching 渗滤浸出percolator 渗滤浸出器percussion cap copper 雷管用铜合金percussion welding 冲桓percussive welding 冲桓perfect black body 绝对黑体perfect combustion 完全燃烧perfect crystal 完整晶体perfect dislocation 完整位错perfect fluid 理想铃perfect gas 理想气体perfectly plastic body 完全塑性体perforated bottom 多孔底perforation 穿孔period 周期periodic law 周期律periodic pass 周期孔型periodic system 周期系periodic table 周期表periodic transformation 周期转变peripheral velocity 圆周速度peritectic 包晶peritectic horizontal 包晶线peritectic line 包晶线peritectic melting 包晶熔化peritectic point 包晶点peritectic reaction 包晶反应peritectic structure 包晶组织peritectic temperature 包晶温度peritectic transformation 包晶转变peritectoid 包析peritectoid point 包析点peritectoid reaction 包析反应perlite 珠光体perlite structure 珠光体组织perlitic cast iron 珠光体铁perlitic ferrite 珠光体型铁素体perlitic range 珠光体区域perlitic steel 珠光体钢perlitic transformation 珠光体转变permalloy 帕马洛依铁镍合金permanent deformation 永久变形permanent electrode 非自耗电极permanent elongation 永久伸长permanent magnet 永久磁铁permanent magnet steel 永久磁钢permanent mold 永久铸型permanent mold casting 金属型铸造permanent set 永久应变permanent strain 永久应变permanganate 高锰酸盐permanganic acid 高锰酸permeability 透过性permeability alloys 导磁合金permeability surface area 透过表面积permeameter 导磁率计permendur 坡曼德合金perminvar 帕眠铁镍钴恒磁合金permissible concentration 容许浓度perovskite 钙钛矿peroxide 过氧化物persistent band 持久滑移带petrographic analysis 岩相分析petrographic parameter 岩相学参数petroleum 石油petroleum burner 石油燃烧器petroleum coke 固体石油petroleum furnace 石油炉petroleum gas 石油气petroleum pitch 石油沥青pewter 白鑜pharmacosiderite 毒铁矿phase 相phase analysis 相分析phase boundary 相界phase change 相变化phase composition 相成分phase contrast 相位对比phase current 相电流phase difference 相位差phase equilibrium 相平衡phase equilibrium diagram 相图phase rule 相律phase transformation 相变phase voltage 相电压phenacite 似晶石phenolic resin 酚醛尸phlogopite 金云母phosgenite 角铅矿phosphate 磷酸盐phosphate coating 磷酸盐处理法phosphatic slag 含磷渣phosphide 磷化物phosphide inclusion 磷化物夹杂phosphor bronze 磷青铜phosphor copper 磷铜phosphoric acid 磷酸phosphoric anhydride 磷酸酐phosphoric pig iron 高磷生铁phosphorized copper 磷脱氧铜phosphorous acid 亚磷酸phosphorus 磷phosphorus bearing slag 含磷渣phosphorus trichloride 三氯化磷phosphuranylite 磷铀矿photochemical equivalence 光化学当量photochemical induction 光化学感应photoelastic method 光弹性法photoelastic stress 光弹性应力photoelasticity 光弹性photoelasticity test 光弹试验photoelectric pyrometer 光电高温计photoelectric spectrophotometer 光电分光计photoelectric spectrophotometry 光电子分光法photoelectricity 光电photomacrograph 宏观照片photomicrograph 显微照片photomicrographic apparatus 显微照相机photomicrography 显微照相术physical adsorption 物理吸附physical chemistry 物理化学physical metallurgy 物理冶金physical properties 物理性质physicochemical property 物理化学性质physics of metals 金属物理piano wire 钢琴丝pickle brittleness 酸洗脆性pickle stain 酸洗蚀斑pickle test 酸浸试验pickler 酸洗装置pickling 酸洗pickling agent 酸洗剂pickling bath 酸洗槽pickling crack 酸洗裂缝pickling division 酸洗埸pickling inhibitor 酸洗阻蚀剂pickling line 酸洗机组pickling machine 酸洗机pickling solution 酸洗液pickling tank 酸洗槽pickling unit 酸洗装置picnometer 比重瓶picotite 铬尖晶石piemontite 红帘石pierce smith converter 卧式转炉pierceability 穿孔性piercer 穿孔机piercer roll 穿孔机轧辊piercing 穿轧piercing die 冲孔模piercing mandrel 芯棒piercing mill 穿孔机piercing press 穿孔压力机pig 生铁块pig and ore process 生铁矿石法pig and scrap process 生铁废钢炼钢法pig breaker 铁块破碎机pig casting machine 铸铁机pig iron 生铁pig lead 粗铅锭pig metal 金属锭pig tin 锡锭pigging back 生铁增碳pigging up 生铁增碳pilbarite 硅铀铅钍矿pile 包piled plate cutting 垛板切断piler 堆垛机pilger mill 周期式轧管机pilger roll 周期式轧管机的轧辊pilger welding 跨步焊法pilgering 皮尔格式轧管pilgrim mill 周期式轧管机piling 堆垛piling bar 钢桩piling scrap 堆积废钢piling table 收集辊道piling up of dislocations 位错塞积pill press 团块压制机pillaring 炉中心冷料柱pilot pin 导销pilot plant 试验工厂pimpling 麻点的形成pin lift 顶杆起模pin metal 销钉用黄铜pin rammer 手工捣锤pinacoid 轴面pinch 折皱pinch effect 箍缩效应pinch pass mill 平整机pinch rolling 平整pinch rolls 张拉辊pinhead blister 细小泡疤pinholed surface 针孔表面pinholes 气孔pinion 传动齿轮pinion stand 齿轮座pinned dislocation 固定位错pipe 管pipe and tube production 管生产pipe bender 弯管机pipe diffusion 位错管扩散pipe expander 扩管装置pipe fittings 管附件pipe forming press 管成形压力机pipe line 管道pipe line steel 管道钢pipe mill machinery 轧管机械pipe rolling plant 轧管车间pipe stove 管式热风炉pipe threading machine 管螺纹机pipe wall 管壁pipe wall gage 管壁厚度测量仪pipe welder 焊管机pipe welding 焊管pipe welding machine 焊管机pipe workpiece 管材piping 管路piston 活塞piston compressor 活塞式压缩机pit 凹坑pit casting 坑铸pit crane 均热炉起重机pit furnace 均热炉pit soaking 均热炉中加热pitch 间距;沥青pitch circle diameter 电极圆直径pitch coke 沥青焦pitch line of groove 轧槽中线pitch of weld 焊缝间距pitch on metal 涂沥青薄钢板pitchblende 沥青铀矿pitot tube 皮托管pitted surface 麻面pitting corrosion 点蚀pitting limit 点蚀极限placer gold 砂金plain carbon steel 普通碳素钢plain cast iron 普通铸铁plain roll 平面轧辊plain specimen 无切口试样plane polarized light 平面偏光plane strain 平面应变plane stress 平面应力planeness 平直度planetary cross rolling mill 行星横轧机planetary mill 行星式轧机planetary rolling 行星轧制planimetric method 测面积法planishing mill 平整轧机plant 装置;厂plasma 等离子plasma arc cutting 等离子电弧切割plasma arc furnace 等离子电弧炉plasma arc remelting 等离子电弧重熔plasma arc welding 等离子电弧焊接plasma carburizing 等离子渗碳plasma cutting 等离子切割plasma electron beam remelting 等离子电子束重熔plasma furnace 等离子体炉plasma fusion cutting torch 等离子熔切火炬plasma heating 等离子加热plasma induction furnace 等离子感应炉plasma induction remelting 等离子感应重熔plasma jet remelting 等离子霖熔plasma melting 等离子熔炼plasma metallurgy 等离子冶金plasma refining 等离子精炼plasma slag remelting 等离子渣重熔plasma smelting reduction 等离子熔融还原plasma spraying 等离子体喷镀plasma torch 等离子枪plasmamelt process 等离子熔炼法plasmared process 等离子还原熔炼法plasmatron 等离子枪plaster molding 石膏铸型法plaster pattern 石膏模型plastic brittle transition 塑性脆性转变plastic bronze 塑性高铅轴承青铜plastic coat 塑料涂覆plastic deformation 塑性变形plastic flow 塑性怜plastic fracture 塑性断裂plastic limit 塑性极限plastic material 塑性材料plastic metal 锡基轴承合金plastic properties 塑性特性plastic state 塑性状态plastic working 塑性加工plasticity 塑性plasticity condition 塑性条件plasticizer 增塑剂plasticizing agent 增塑剂plate 厚板;片状粉末plate cooler 板式冷却器plate iron 铁板plate leveler 钢板矫正机plate leveling machine 钢板矫正机plate mill 厚板轧机plate molding 模板造型plate rolling 中厚钢板轧制plate shears 剪板机plate steel 中厚钢板plate thickness 金属板厚度plate turnover 翻板机platelet 薄片plating 电镀plating bath 电镀槽platinic chloride 氯化铂platinic compound 正铂化合物platiniridium 铂铱矿platinite 玻璃焊封铁镍合金platinized asbestos 铂石棉platinizing 镀铂platinous chloride 氯化亚铂platinous compound 亚铂化合物platinum 铂platinum black 铂黑platinum catalysts 铂催化剂platinum chloride 氯化铂platinum crucible 铂坩埚platinum iridium alloy 铂铱合金platinum metals 铂系金属platinum plating 镀铂platinum platinum rhodium thermocouple 铂铂铑合金热电偶platinum sponge 海绵铂platinum wire 铂丝plug changer 换顶头装置plug drawing 短芯棒拉拔plug lines 芯棒划痕plug mill 自动轧管机plug nose 尖头plug ramming machine 捣固机plug scratch 芯棒划痕plug welding 塞焊plugging 堵塞;加盖plugless rolling 无顶头轧管plumbago 粉状石墨plumbago crucible 石墨坩埚plumbeous compound 二价铅化合物plumber's solder 管工用焊料plumbic compound 四价铅化合物plus sieve 筛上物plutonium 钚ply steel 复合钢plymetal 涂金属层板pneumatic concentration 风选pneumatic conveying 气龄送pneumatic hammer 空气锤pneumatic rammer 风动捣锤pneumatic separation 风选pneumatic steelmaking process 空气转炉炼钢法point corrosion 点蚀point defect 点缺陷point graphite 点状石墨point group 点群point imperfection 点缺陷pointed end 压尖端pointing 轧尖poisson's ratio 泊松比polar solvent 极性溶剂polarimeter 偏光计polarimetry 测偏振术polariscope 偏振光镜polarity 极性polarizability 极化度polarization 偏光polarization capacity 极化容量polarization curve 极化曲线polarization effect 极化效应polarization plane 偏光面polarization potential 极化电势polarization resistance 极化电阻polarized light 偏光polarized light microscope 偏光显微镜polarizing microscope 偏光显微镜polarogram 极谱polarographic analysis 极谱分析法polarography 极谱法pole 极pole dislocation 极位错polianite 锰矿poling 插使原polish 研磨;抛光;研磨剂polish attack 抛光腐蚀polish etch 抛光腐蚀polished section 抛光磨片polishing 磨光polishing machine 磨光机polishing powder 抛光粉polishing roll 抛光轧辊pollucite 铯榴石polonium 钋polybasite 硫锑铜银矿polycrystal 多晶体polycrystalline material 多晶物质polycrystalline particle 多晶颗粒polydymite 辉铁镍矿polygonization 多边化polygonized structure 多边形结构polymorphic transformation 多晶转变polymorphic transition change 多晶转变polymorphism 多晶型现象polynary system 多元系polyphase alloy 多相合金polyphase structure 多相组织polysize powder 多尺寸粉末polysulfide 多硫化物polythionate 连多硫酸盐pony rougher 粗轧机架pony roughing mill 粗轧机架pool depth 熔池深度poor ore 贫矿pop gate 淋雨式浇口pop up 暗冒口porcelain 瓷器pore forming material 起泡剂porosimeter 孔隙计porosity 孔率porous bearing 多孔轴承porous brick 多孔砖porous chrome hardening 多孔性硬镀铬porous metal 多孔金属porous pellets 多孔球团矿porous structure 多孔构造porpezite 钯金矿port 平炉炉头portland cement 波特兰水泥positional entropy 配位熵positioner 定位器positive adsorption 正吸附positive bar 阳极母线positive catalyst 正催化剂positive edge dislocation 正刃型位错positive electrode 阳极positive element 阳性元素positive ion 阳离子positive pressure 正压力positive terminal 正极端子positive tolerance 正容差postheating 后热pot 桶pot furnace 坩埚炉pot melting process 坩埚炼钢法pot steel 坩埚钢potash feldspar 正长石potassium 钾potassium alum 钾盐茂potassium chloride 氯化钾potassium cyanide 氰化钾potassium oxide 氧化钾potassium permanganate 高锰酸钾potential 势potential barrier 位垒potential difference 电位差potential energy 位能potential gradient 电位梯度potential hill 位垒potential ph diagram ph 电位图potentiometer 电位差计potentiometric titration 电位滴定potentiometry 电位差测定法potentiostat 稳压器potter's clay 陶土pottery clay 陶土pouring 浇铸pouring aisle 浇注跨pouring ladle 浇铸桶pouring nozzle 浇钢水口pouring pit 浇注坑pouring platform 浇铸台pouring practice 浇铸法pouring reel 加勒特式线材卷取机pouring stand 浇铸台pouring temperature 浇注温度powder 粉powder coal 粉煤powder cutting 氧熔剂切割powder extraction metallurgy 粉末提取冶金powder extraction technique 粉末提取冶金powder forging 粉末锻造powder frictional material 粉末摩擦材料powder injection 喷粉powder material 粉状材料powder metallography 粉末金属学powder metallurgy 粉末冶金powder method 粉末法powder part 粉末零件powder rolling 粉末轧制powdered fuel 粉状燃料powdered lime 粉末石灰power consumption 动力消耗量power hammer 动力锤power source of electric welding 电源power supply 供电power yield 电璃率praseodymium 镨pre precipitation 预沉淀prealloyed powder 预制合金粉末precious metal 贵金属precipitant 沉淀剂precipitated copper 沉淀铜precipitated powder 沉淀粉precipitating agent 沉淀剂precipitation 析出;沉淀precipitation by electrolysis 电解沉淀precipitation hardening 沉淀硬化precipitation hardening alloy 沉淀硬化合金precipitation process 沉淀熔炼法precipitation tank 沉淀槽precipitator 沉淀剂precision casting 精密铸造precision ground tube 精密磨光管precision molding 精密造型precision welding 精密焊接preferential deformation 择优取向变形preferential orientation 优先定位preferred orientation 优先定位prefinishing diamond 精轧前菱孔型prefinishing oval 预精加工的椭圆prefinishing pass 精轧前孔型prefinishing stand 预精轧机座preform 预成型坯preforming 预成型preheat 预热preheat furnace 预热炉preheat temperature 预热温度preheated air 预热空气preheater 预热器preheating 预热preheating chamber 预热室preheating zone 预热区prehnite 葡萄石preliminary alloy 中间合金preliminary leaching 初步浸出preliminary reduction process 预还原法preliminary roasting 预焙烧preliminary sintering 初步烧结preliminary treatment 预处理premixed powder 预混合粉preparation 选矿prepared edge 坡口加工面prepared scrap 备好的废钢prereduced briquette 预还原团块prereduced burden 金属化炉料prereduced sinter 预还原烧结矿prereduction 预还原prereduction of iron ore 矿石预还原preroasting 预焙烧preselected scrap 备好的废钢presintering 初步烧结press 压机press forging 压锻press power 压制力press quenching 压力淬火pressed air 压缩空气pressed bar 压制棒坯pressed density 生跑度pressed electrode 机械压涂的焊条pressed scrap 压缩废钢pressed volume 压佩积pressing 压制pressing additive 压制添加剂pressing crack 夹层pressing disk 挤压垫pressing in method 压痕法pressing skin 压制壳层pressing with oblique punch 用倾斜压头挤压pressure 压力pressure blasting 加压鼓风pressure cast pattern 压铸模型pressure casting 压铸pressure die 压模pressure digestion 高压溶出pressure distribution 压力分布pressure drop 压力降pressure fall 压力降pressure filter 压滤机pressure filtration 可压过滤pressure gage 压力计pressure leaching 加压浸出pressure pad 挤压垫pressure pipe 高压管pressure plate 支架pressure pouring 压力浇注pressure precipitation 压力沉淀pressure reduction 加压还原pressure regulator 压力第器pressure resistance 压差阻力pressure screw 压下螺丝pressure sintering 加压烧结pressure test 压力试验pressure thermit welding 铝热压焊pressure tube 高压管pressure vessel steel 高压容浦pressure welding 加压焊接pressureless compacting 无压成形pressureless sintering 无压烧结prestrain 预应变prestressed forming 预应力成形prestressed mill stand 预应力机座prestressed wire 预应力钢丝pretreatment 预处理prewelding 预焊primary air 一次空气primary austenite 初生奥氏体primary carbide 初生碳化物primary cementite 初生渗碳体primary cooling 一次冷却primary creep 初蠕变primary crystal 初生晶体primary crystallization 初次结晶primary dislocation 一次位错primary grain 初生晶粒primary graphite 初生石墨primary mill 开毗机primary particle 初次颗粒primary pipe 初次缩孔primary reaction 知反应primary recrystallization 一次再结晶primary slag 一次渣primary sorbite 一次讼体primary structure 初生组织prime sheet 优质薄板principal direction 纸向principal reaction 知反应principal strain 枝变principal stress 枝力principle of similitude 相似法则printer's metal 印刷金属prior structure 初生组织prismatic dislocation 棱柱位错prismatic plane 棱柱面prismatic slip 棱柱状滑移probability 概率probe 探针process 程序process annealing 中间退火process computer 过程控制计算机process concatenation 工艺连锁process lubricant 工序润滑剂process metallurgy 冶金工艺学processing 加工processing properties 工艺性能producer 生产者;煤气发生炉producer gas 发生炉煤气product of roasting 焙烧产物production process 生产过程production program 生产计划productivity 生产率proeutectoid 先共析体proeutectoid cementite 先共析渗碳体proeutectoid ferrite 先共析铁泰体profile 轮廓profiled bar 型钢profiled roll 有槽轧辊profiled wire 异形钢丝profilometer 表面光度仪program control 程序控制program controlled heating 程序控制加热progressive aging 渐进时效progressive forming 顺次成形projection welding 凸焊prolong 延伸器promethium 钷promoted sintering 加速烧结prompt industrial scrap 工共过程废料prompt tempering 即速回火proof 验证proof bar 试杆proof bend test 抗弯试验proof stress 条件屈服极限proof test 验收试验propagation velocity 传播速度propeller agitator 螺旋桨搅拌器properties dispersion 特性分散proportion by weight 重量比proportional limit 比例极限proportionality range 比例范围protactinium 镤protecting film 保护膜protection film 保护膜protection tube 保护管protective alkali 保护碱protective atmosphere 保护气氛protective atmosphere annealing 保护气氛退火protective coat 保护涂层protective colloid 保护胶体protective film 保护膜protective gas 保护气体protective layer 保护层protective medium 保护介质protective potential 保护电位protoxide 低氧化物proustite 淡红银矿proximate analysis 近似分析prussiate 氰化物pseudo alloy 假合金pseudoalloy 假合金pseudobinary alloy 伪二元合金pseudobinary system 伪二元系pseudocarburizing 假渗炭pseudoeutectic 伪共晶体pseudonitriding 假氮化psilomelane 硬锰矿pucker 皱纹puddle ball 搅炼炉熟铁块puddle process 搅炼法pull 拉力pull crack 收缩裂缝pull test 拉伸试验pull test machine 拉伸试验机pullers 张力辊pulling reel 张力卷取机pulp 矿浆pulp density 矿浆浓度pulp feed line 泥浆供给管线pulp reservoir 矿浆槽pulp tank 矿浆槽pulp thickener 矿浆浓缩机pulsating bending stress 脉动弯曲应力pulsating mixing 脉动混合pulsating stress 脉动应力pulsation welding 脉冲焊接pulsator jig 脉动跳汰机pulse echo technique 脉冲反射探伤法pulse heating 脉冲加热pulsed arc welding 脉冲弧焊pulverization 粉碎;喷雾pulverized coal 粉煤pulverized powder 粉碎粉末pulverized silica 微粉状硅石pulverizer 喷雾器雾化器;粉碎器细粒磨碎机pump 泵punch 凸模;冲杆punch piercing 凸模穿孔punch press 穿孔机punching 冲孔punching bear 小型穿孔机pure iron 纯铁pure metal 纯金属pure shear 纯剪切purification 净化purified coke oven gas 洗净炼焦炉煤气purifier 净化器净化剂purifying agent 净化剂puring basin 浇口杯purity 纯度push bench 顶管机push mill 进给机座push rolls 送进辊pusher furnace 推送式炉pusher machine 推焦机pusher side 推焦侧pushing device 推料机putting in blast 开始送风pycnometer 比重瓶pyramidal slip 锥形滑移pyramidal system 锥体晶系pyrargyrite 深红银矿pyrite 黄铁矿pyrites cinder 黄铁矿烧渣pyritic smelting 自热熔炼pyrochlore 黄绿石pyrolusite 软锰矿pyrolysis 热解pyrolytic graphite 热解石墨pyrometallurgy 火法冶金pyrometer 高温计pyrometry 高温测定法pyromorphite 磷氯铅矿pyrophoric alloy 发火合金pyrophorisity 自燃性pyrophosphite 焦亚磷酸盐pyrorefining 火法精炼pyrrhosiderite 针铁矿pyrrhotite 磁黄铁矿。
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Words and Expressionsextractive [iks'træktiv] 提取的，萃取的refine [ri'fain] 精炼metallurgy [me'tælədʒi] 冶金，冶金学ingot [ˈɪŋgət] 铸锭concentrate [ˈkɔnsəntreit] 精选，富集，精矿fabricate [ˈfæbrikeit] 加工，制作gangue [gæŋ] 脉石deposit [diˈpɔzit] 沉积，矿床mineral [ˈminərəl] dressing 选矿flotation [fləuˈteiʃən] 浮选pyrometallurgy [ˌpairəumeˈtælədʒi] 火法冶金manganese .[ˈmæŋgəˌni:z] 锰hydrometallurgy [ˌhaidrəumeˈtælə:dʒi] 湿法冶金aluminium [ˌælju:ˈminjəm] 铝electrometallurgy [iˌlektrəumeˈtælədʒi] 电冶金electrolysis .[ɪlekˈtrɔlɪsɪs] 电解beneficiation [ˈbeniˌfiʃiˈeiʃən] 选矿，矿物处理suffice .[səˈfais] 足够，满足……的需要mercury sulphide [ˈmə:kjuri] [ˈsʌlfaɪd] 硫化汞magnesium [mægˈni:zi:əm] 镁non-ferrous [ˈferəs] metals 有色金属by products 副产品impurity [ɪmˈpjʊərɪti:] 杂质distillation [ˌdɪstəˈleɪʃən] 蒸馏oxidation [ˌɔksɪˈdeɪʃən] 氧化volatile [ˈvɔlətail] 蒸馏mercury [ˈmə:kjuri] 汞cadmium [ˈkædmiəm] 镉melting point 熔点titanium [taɪˈteɪni:əm] 钛zirconium .[zə:ˈkəuniəm] 锆chromium [ˈkrəʊmi:əm] 铬niobium [naiˈəubiəm] 铌molybdenum [məˈlibdinəm] 钼molten [ˈməʊltən] 熔融的refractory [rɪˈfræktəri:] 难熔的crucible [ˈkr u:sibl] 坩埚oxygen [ˈɔksidʒən] 氧nitrogen [ˈnaitrədʒən] 氮slag [slæg] 渣electromotive series [ilektrəuˈməutiv] [ˈsiəri:z] 电化序reducing agent [riˈdju:siŋ] [ˈeidʒənt] 还原剂roast [rəust] 焙烧smelt [smelt] 熔炼convert [kənˈvə:t] 吹炼aqueous [ˈeikwiəs] solution 水溶液trace back 追溯到concern with 与……有关by means of 用，依靠organic [ɔ:ˈgænik] 有机的vacuum [ˈvækjuəm] 真空conventional [kənˈvenʃənl] 常规的，传统的inorganic [ˌɪnɔ:ˈgænɪk] 无机的alchemist [ˈælkimist] 炼金术imminent [ˈiminənt] 即将发生的depletion [dɪˈpli:ʃən] 消耗，枯竭lean [li:n] ore 贫矿discard [disˈka:d] 废弃，丢弃manganese nodule [ˈnɔdʒu:l] 锰结核dust [dʌst] 烟尘matte [mæt] 冰铜锍speiss [spais] 黄渣sludge [slʌdʒ] 污泥burgeoning [ˈbə:dʒəniŋ] 新兴的recycling [ri:ˈsaikliŋ] 回收，循环assess [əˈses] 估计，评价alleviate [əˈli:vieit] 减轻，缓和rare metal 稀土金属associate [əˈsəuʃieit] with 联系，与……交往flowsheet [fləuˈʃi:t] 流程图relegate [ˈreligeit] 把……置于次要地位panacea [ˌpænəˈsi:ə] 万灵药complementary [ˌkɔmpləˈmentəri] 互补的revenue [ˈrevənju:] 收入hafnium [ˈhæfniəm] 铪mint [mint] 铸造furnace [ˈfə:nis] 炉子atmospheric [ˌætməˈsferɪk] 大气的disposal [disˈpəuzəl] 处置，处理matte smelting造锍熔炼converting [kənˈvə:tiŋ] 吹炼sulphide [ˈsʌlfaɪd] 硫化物blast [bla:st] furnace 鼓风炉，高炉silica [ˈsilikə] 二氧化硅alumina [əˈlju:minə] 氧化铝calcium [ˈkælsiəm] 钙phosphorus.[ˈfɔsfərəs] 磷sulphur [ˈsʌlfə] 硫interface [ˈintəfeis] 界面reverberatory.[riˈvə:bərətəri] furnace反射炉lime [laɪm] 石灰refractory [rɪˈfræktəri:] 难熔的thermal [ˈθə:məl] barrier [ˈbæriə] 隔热层quartz [kwɔ:ts] 石英iron [ˈaiən] 铁liquidus [ˈlikwidəs] 液相线viscosity [vɪˈskɔsɪti:] 黏度specific [spiˈsifik] gravity [ˈgræviti]比重dissolve [diˈzɔlv] 溶解orthosilicate [ˌɔ:θəˈsiləkeit] 正硅酸盐acidic [əˈsɪdɪk] 酸性的neutralization [ˌnju:trəlaiˈzeiʃən] 中和anion [ˈænaiən] 阴离子pentoxide [ˌpenˈtɔksaid] 五氧化物phosphorus pentoxide 五氧化二磷molecule [ˈmɔlikju:l] 分子polymer [ˈpɔləmə] 聚合物，聚合的basicity [bəˈsisiti] 碱度neutral [ˈnju:trəl] 中性的equilibrium [ˌi:kwəˈlɪbri:əm] 平衡ionic [aiˈɔnik] 离子的undissociated [ˈʌndiˈsəuʃieitid] 未离解的desulphurize [di:ˈsʌlfəraiz] 脱硫cation [ˈkætaiən] 阳离子fluorspar [ˈflu(:)əspa:] 氟石synthetic [sin'θetik]人造的silicate ['silikit] 硅酸盐resin ['rezin] 树脂cuprammoniumrayon铜氨纤维brass [brɑ:s] 黄铜electroplate [i'lektrəu'pleit] 电镀uranium [juəˈreiniəm] 铀sorption. ['sɔ:pʃən] 吸附saturated ['sætʃəreitid] 饱和的effluent ['efluənt] 污水elution [iˈlju: ʃən]洗涤vanadium [və'neidiəm] 钒platinum ['plætinəm] 铂ion exchange 离子交换solvent extraction 溶剂萃取agitation [ˌædʒi'teiʃən] 搅拌immiscible [i'misəbl] 不互溶的stripped solvent反萃剂contaminant [kən'tæmənənt]污染物extractant [iks'træktənt]萃取剂alkali ['ælkəlai] 碱hydrolyze ['haidrəlaiz] 使水解derivative [di'rivətiv]衍生物chelate ['ki:leit] 螯合的chelating compound螯合物reagent [ri:'eidʒənt] 试剂kerosene ['kerəsi:n] 煤油perforated ['pə:fəreitid] 多孔的chalcocite ['kælkəsait] 辉铜矿covellite [kəu'velait] 铜蓝chalcopyrite [ˌkælkə'pairait] 黄铜矿bornite ['bɔ:nait] 斑铜矿pyrite [pairait] 黄铁矿cuprite ['kju:prait] 赤铜矿tenorite ['tenərait] 黑铜矿coke [kəuk] 焦炭exhaust [ig'zɔ:st] 耗尽pulverize ['pʌlvəraiz] 粉碎negative ['negətiv] 负的flux [flʌks] 助熔剂hearth [hɑ:θ] 炉床horizontal [ˌhɔri'zɔntl] 水平的boiler ['bɔilə] 锅炉siliceous [si'liʃəs] 硅酸的cast [kɑ:st] 浇铸roughen ['rʌfən] 粗糙blister ['blistə] copper 泡铜anode ['ænəud] 阳极electrolytic tank [tæŋk] 电解槽cathode ['kæθəud] 阴极electrolyte [i'lektrəu,lait] 电解质contaminate [kən'tæmineit] 使不纯soluble ['sɔljubl] 可溶的selenium [si'li:niəm] 硒tellurium [te'ljuəriəm] 碲arsenic ['ɑ:sənik] 砷hydrocarbon ['haidrəu'kɑ:bən] 碳氢化合物anode refining 阳极精炼agitate ['ædʒiteit] 搅动eutectic [ju:'tektik] 共晶体dilute [dai'lju:t] sulfuric [sʌl'fju:rik] acid 稀硫酸precipitation [priˌsipi'teiʃən] 沉淀sponge [spʌndʒ] 海绵cement [si'ment] 水泥，胶状材料preheat [pri:'hi:t] 预热calamine ['kæləmain]异极矿blende [blend]闪锌矿arsenic['ɑ:sənik]砷antimony['æntiməni]锑tin[tin]锡indium['indiəm]铟germanium[dʒə:'meiniəm]锗gallium['gæliəm]镓fluidize ['flu:ədaiz]使流化electrostatic[i'lektrəu'stætik]静电marmatite['mɑ: mətait]铁闪锌矿carbonate ['kɑ:bəneit] 碳酸盐combustion [kəm'bʌstʃən] 燃烧volatilize['vɔlətilaiz] 挥发concomitantly [kən'kɔmitənt] 伴生的blend [blend]掺和,混合,掺和物sphalerite ['sfælərait]闪锌矿smithsonite ['smiθsənait]菱锌矿zinc [ziŋk]锌zinc pyrite 锌黄铁矿zincite ['ziŋkait]氧化锌，红锌矿，ZnO vertical retort process 竖罐炼锌tuyere [twi:'jɛə] (冶金炉）风口，风眼briquet [bri'ket]团块，坯块，制团galvanizing ['gælvənaiz]镀锌petzite['petˌsait]碲金银矿cyanide ['saiənaid]氰化物deaerated [di:'ɛəreit]使气泡除去telluride ['teljuraid]碲化物nugget['nʌgit]天然金矿，矿块calaverite[kælə'vɛərait]碲金矿sylvanite['silvəˌnait]针碲金（银）矿tailing['teiliŋ]矿渣filtration[fil'treiʃən]过滤scum[skʌm]浮渣granular['grænjulə]粒状的percolation[ˌpə:kə'leiʃən]过滤amalgamation[əˌmælgə'meiʃən]融合，合并container [kən'teinə] 容器packaging ['pækidʒiŋ] 包装，包装物bauxite ['bɔ:ksait] 铝碱土，铝土矿electrical conductor 导电体hydrate ['haidreit] 氢氧化物，水合物titania [tai'teiniə] 二氧化钛，氧化钛anhydrous [æn'haidrəs] 无水的reserve [ri'zə:v] 储备物，储藏量exclusively [iks'klu:sivli] 排外的，专有的distinct [dis'tiŋkt] 清楚的，明显的digest [dai'dʒest] 浸煮蒸煮，煮解caustic ['kɔ:stik] 腐蚀性的，苛性的soda ['səudə] 碳酸水，纯碱，氢氧化钠residue ['rezidju:] 剩余物，残余，残渣filtration [fil'treiʃən] 过滤，筛选liquor ['likə] 液体，母液be seeded with做孕育处理，使孕育crystal ['kristl] 晶体，结晶，水晶trihydrate [trai'haidreit] 三水合物alumina trihydrate 氢氧化铝reverse [ri'və:s] 颠倒，倒转，倒退precipitate [pri'sipiteit] 使沉淀，沉淀conductor [kən'dʌktə] 导体cryolite ['kraiəlait] 冰晶石additive ['æditiv] 添加剂cell [sel] 电解槽，小房间probable ['prɔbəbl] 很可能的，大概的dissociate [di'səuʃieit] 分解，游离，chloride ['klɔ:raid] 氯化物sodium ['səudiəm] 钠petroleum [pi'trəuliəm] 石油tar [tɑ:] 焦油，柏油pitch [pitʃ] 沥青柏油coal tar pitch 煤焦油沥青purification [ˌpjurifi'keiʃən] 净化，提纯，精致blow-off 排出，喷出digestion [di'dʒestʃən] 溶解，溶出，煮解robot ['rəubɔt] 机器人，遥控设备preferentially [ˌprefə'renʃəli] 先取的，优先的clarify ['klærifai] 澄清，使纯净sedimentation [ˌsedimən'teiʃən] 沉淀，沉降inherent [in'hiərənt] 固有的，内在的supersaturate [su:pə'sætʃəreit] 使过度饱和excess [ik'ses] 多余的，额外的exploit ['eksplɔit] 利用，使用，开发，开采slurry ['slə:ri] 不溶解物的悬浮液sand [sænd] 除沙槽coarse [kɔ:s] 粗的，粗糙的fraction ['frækʃən] 小部分，微量tank [tæŋk] 槽，箱，桶filter ['filtə] 过滤器，滤光器pressure ['preʃə] 压力过滤器gibbsite ['gibsait] 水铝矿，铝土矿green [gri:n] 未加工的，湿的socket ['sɔkit] 穴，孔，插座modify ['mɔdifai] 调节，限制crust [krʌst] 外壳，硬壳interfacial tension 界面张力interfacial [ˌintə'feiʃəl] 界面的，分界面的holding ['həuldiŋ] 保温炉tension ['tenʃən] 压力，张力，牵力siphon ['saifən] 用虹管吸收dilute [dai'lju:t] 冲淡，稀释hooded ['hudid] 有罩盖的，带头巾的potline ['pɔtlain] 制铝用的电解槽系列crane [krein] 起重机commensurate [kə'menʃərit] 相当的，相称的assist [ə'sist] 帮助，辅助manipulate [mə'nipjuleit] 熟练的操作使用cable ['keibl] 钢丝绳，缆索be commensurate with 与什么相当，与什么相称weld [weld]焊接combustion chamber 燃烧室checkerwork 格式装置,砌砖格checker mass 蓄热室burner ['bə:nə]燃烧器air stream 风流，空气流pack [pæk] 填塞，塞满checker brick 格子砖volume ratio 体积比，容积比checker chamber 蓄热室flue [flu:] 烟道，通气管on blast 送风，鼓风natural gas天然气coke oven ['ʌvən] 焦炉compress [kəm'pres] 压缩bypass 绕过，使通过…旁道valve[vælv] 阀门mixervalve 混风阀turbulent ['tə:bjulənt] 涡旋的，狂暴的exhaust [ig'zɔ:st] 排气chimney['tʃimni]废气dome[dəum] 圆顶，圆屋顶preset[pri:'set] 事先调整，预调backdraft 到转，逆通风creep [kri:p]蠕变，蠕动creep-resistant 抗蠕变的thermal['θə:məl]热的，热量的skinwall隔墙specification [ˌspesifi'keiʃən] 规格，技术要求automation [ˌɔ:tə'meiʃən] 自动控制，自动操作contamination [kənˌtæmi'neiʃən] 污染，污染物direct reduced iron（DRI）直接还原铁methane ['meθein] 甲烷，沼气carbon monoxide [mɔ'nɔksaid] 一氧化碳descend [di'send] 下来，下降scarce [skɛəs] 缺乏的，不足的uniform ['ju:nifɔ:m] 均匀的，均质的go into production 投产gas reformer [ri'fɔ:mə] 气体转化炉gravity['græviti] 重力discharge [dis'tʃɑ:dʒ] 排出，流出seal [si:l] legs 料封管bustle ['bʌsl] pipe 环形风管counter current 相反的，逆流charge solid 固体炉料gravity feed 重力给料outlet ['autlet] 出口，出路burden ['bə:dn] 炉料，配料scrubber ['skrʌbə] 气体洗涤器recompress 再压缩preheat [pri:'hi:t] 预热pipe 以管输送reformer tube 重整管catalyst ['kætəlist] 催化剂，触媒recycle [ri:'saikl] 使再循环，反复使用sponge [spʌndʒ] iron 海绵铁porosity [pɔ:'rɔsiti] 多孔性，有孔性lime shell [ʃel] 石灰涂层passivation [ˌpæsi'veiʃən] 钝化water glass 水玻璃（硅酸钠）subdivide ['sʌbdi'vaid] 再分，细分gasifier ['gæsifaiə] 汽化器，燃气发生炉outlet pipe 流出管，排出管melter gasifier 熔融汽化炉iron bath reactor 铁浴反应炉briquette [bri'ket] 压块magnesite ['mægnəsait] 菱镁矿jet [dʒet] 射流，气流tray [trei] 底板，托架charge [tʃɑ:dʒ]装料，装满penetrate['penitreit]穿透，渗透splash [splæʃ] 飞溅，斑点circulation [ˌsə:kju'leiʃən] 循环，流通pouring['pɔ: riŋ]钢包evolution [ˌi:və'lu:ʃən]放出（气体），形成tapping hole 出钢口free running slag 易流动渣rim [rim] 边，轮缘tap-to-tap [tæp] time 出钢时间filling ['filiŋ] 装料duration [dju'reiʃən] of a heat 冶炼（一炉）时间The L D practice氧气顶吹转炉工艺。